植物基替代品比肉类更健康吗？

感谢收听《六分钟英语》。

Thanks for listening to six Minute English.

你知道我们有BBC学习英语的邮件通讯吗？

Did you know we have a BBC Learning English email newsletter?

订阅后，你可以收到最新的课程、练习和测验，还有每周的学习小贴士。

Subscribe for our latest lessons, worksheets and quizzes and weekly tips to help you study.

只需搜索‘BBC学习英语通讯’，或者点击本节目简介中的链接即可。

Just search BBC Learning English newsletter or follow the link in the notes for this programme.

六分钟英语。

Six Minute English.

来自bbclearningenglish.com。

From bbclearningenglish.com.

你好。

Hello.

这里是BBC学习英语的《六分钟英语》。

This is six Minute English from BBC Learning English.

我是尼尔。

I'm Neil.

我是乔治。

And I'm Georgie.

如果你听说过‘无肉星期一’或者‘维根一月’，那你应该知道，越来越多的人正在尝试减少甚至完全不吃肉。

If you've heard about meat free Mondays or Veganuary, you probably know about a trend which an increasing number of people are trying to reduce or even stop eating meat.

这通常是出于健康、动物福利或环保的考虑。

This is often for health, animal welfare or environmental reasons.

人们转而通过植物性替代品来获取每日所需的蛋白质，比如用大豆、豆腐或真菌制成的素香肠和素汉堡，还有鹰嘴豆、豆类和坚果。

Instead, people are getting their daily amount of protein through plant based alternatives meat free sausages and burgers made using ingredients like soy, tofu or fungi, as well as temper, beans or nuts.

你试过这些植物性肉替代品吗，乔治？

Have you tried any of these plant based meat alternatives, Georgie?

试过，我吃过。

Yes, I have.

我有很多素食朋友，所以参加过素菜烧烤，也吃过素香肠和素汉堡。

I have lots of vegetarian friends, so I've been to veggie barbecues and have tried the plant based sausages and burgers.

只要裹上酱汁，我还挺喜欢的。

I quite like them as long as they're covered in sauce.

你呢？

What about you?

对，我也是这么想的。

Yeah, think I agree.

还行吧。

They're fine.

它们存在是有原因的。

There's a reason for them.

但我觉得还是不如真正的肉好吃。

But I'm not sure they're as good as the real thing.

现在既然加工肉类和糖尿病、癌症这些疾病有关，大多数医生都认为植物性替代品更健康。

Now with processed meat being linked to diseases like diabetes and cancer, most doctors agree that plant based options are healthier.

不过有些人对植物性替代品的制作过程感到担忧，比如听众格雷厄姆·格洛弗，他就向BBC广播四台的《切片面包》节目提了这个问题。

But some people are worried about how plant based alternatives are made including radio listener Graham Glover, who asked this question to BBC Radio four programme, Sliced Bread.

我的问题是，看看这些蔬菜香肠的加工方式，里面加了这么多添加剂、香料和色素，它们真的比猪肉香肠更健康吗？

Well, my question is, looking at how these vegetable sausages, how they are processed, full of additives and flavourings and colourings, are they any healthier than a pork sausage?

在本期节目中，我们会弄清楚植物性食品是否真的比肉类更健康。

In this episode, we'll be finding out whether plant based foods really are a healthier alternative to meat.

和往常一样，我们还会学习一些实用的新词汇和表达。

And as usual, we'll be learning some useful new words and phrases.

别忘了，你可以在我们的网站 bbclearningenglish.com 上找到所有词汇表、测验和练习材料。

Remember, you can find all the vocabulary along with a quiz and a worksheet on our website bbclearningenglish.com.

不过现在我有个问题想问你，乔吉。

But now I have a question for you, Georgie.

听众格雷厄姆特别爱吃香肠。

Listener Graham loves eating sausages.

但你知道英式俚语中哪个词指的是香肠吗？

But do you know which of the following words means sausages in British English slang?

是 a) 酒精，b) 爆裂物，还是 c) 早午餐？

Is it a) booze b) banger or c) brunch?

其实我知道这道题的答案，不过我先不说，免得剧透了。

So I actually know the answer to this question, so I'm not going to say otherwise it will spoil it for our listeners.

好吧。

Okay.

不过我们等节目快结束时再揭晓答案。

Well, we'll all find out at the end of the programme.

虽然大多数研究都认为植物性食品比肉类更健康，但确实，这些不含肉的产品也是经过加工的。

Although most research agrees that plant based foods are healthier than meat, it's also true that meat free products are processed.

比如制作素香肠时，蛋白质被分解后，还会添加调味料和色素，来模拟肉类的味道和口感。

To make meat free sausages, for example, after the proteins are broken down, flavourings and colourings are added to reproduce the taste or texture of meat.

像Corn这个广为人知的素食品品牌，用的是真菌蛋白，这种蛋白和制作酸奶、面包时用的发酵真菌很相似。

Corn, one of the best known brands of meat free products, uses mycoprotein, a fungi based protein similar to the fungi used in the fermentation of yoghurt and bread.

那听众格雷厄姆是怎么想的呢？

So what does listener Graham think?

我们来听听他和BBC第四电台《Sliced Bread》节目的主持人格雷格·福特的对话吧。

Let's find out as he talks to Greg Foote, presenter of BBC Radio four's sliced bread.

格雷厄姆，你平时挺爱吃肉香肠的，现在听我们聊这些植物基的替代香肠，对它们的原料来源有什么看法？

Graham, listening to all this, you know, normally a fan of a meat sausage, your plant based meat alternative sausage curious that we're exploring today, what do you think about hearing about the sources of where they come from?

听说玉米牌的产品是用真菌做的，你第一反应是什么？

What's your gut reaction to hearing that corn comes from a fungus?

我觉得这完全没问题。

I have no problems with that.

在我眼里，这不过是另一种蛋白质来源罢了。

It's just another form of protein as far as I'm concerned.

关键是哪种更健康。

It's what's the healthiest.

没错。

Yes.

我们待会儿会谈到健康问题。

We will get to health.

我觉得这才是今天要聊的核心。

I think that's the big conversation for today.

格雷格问格雷厄姆的第一反应是什么。

Greg asks Graham for his gut reaction.

第一反应就是你对某事最初的感觉或直觉，不一定有道理。

Your gut reaction is your opinion based on your initial feeling or instinct about something.

这种感觉没法用逻辑解释。

It can't be explained logically.

实际上，只要健康，格雷厄姆并不介意香肠的蛋白来源是真菌。

Actually, Graham doesn't mind that his sausage protein is a fungus as long as it's healthy.

他用‘就我而言’这个说法，表明这是他个人的看法。

He uses the phrase as far as I am concerned to indicate that he is giving his own opinion on the subject.

当然，健康饮食很重要，但还有其他因素会影响像格雷厄姆这样的肉食爱好者是否愿意尝试植物基替代品。

Of course, healthy eating is important, but there are other factors influencing whether meat lovers like Graham could be persuaded to try plant based alternatives.

比如香肠的味道、颜色和口感，也就是说，植物基香肠能不能看起来、吃起来像真肉。

These include things like the taste, colour and texture of the sausage in other words, whether a plant based sausage looks and feels like real meat.

下面是格雷格在BBC第四电台节目《切片面包》中谈这个观点。

Here's Greg discussing this point for BBC Radio four programme Sliced Bread.

挺有意思的，对吧？

It's interesting, isn't it?

因为我妈是老素食者了，我们刚聊过这个话题。

Because my mom is a long time veggie, and we were talking about this.

她说，我不希望我的替代蛋白看起来像肉。

And she says, I don't want my, you know, alternative proteins to resemble meat.

这正是她不吃肉的原因之一。

That's one of the reasons she says she doesn't eat meat.

但你，格雷厄姆，你说你希望植物基香肠看起来像猪肉香肠。

But you, Graham, you said you do want your plant based sausage to resemble a pork sausage.

对。

Yeah.

我显然是个肉食者，但我希望植物基产品在味道、口感和外观上都跟真肉相似。

I'm I'm obviously a meat eater, but I do need a plant based product to be similar in terms of flavor, texture, and appearance.

格雷厄姆希望他的植物基香肠看起来跟肉差不多。

Graham wants his plant based sausages to resemble, meaning look similar to, meat.

但格雷格的妈妈不一样，她可是老素民了。

But that's not the case for Greg's mom who's a long time veggie.

‘素民’是‘素食者’的口语说法，指不吃肉的人。

A veggie is slang for a vegetarian, a person who doesn't eat meat.

‘老’这个形容词，是用来描述一个人长期做某件事的。

And the adjective long time describes someone who has been or done a particular thing for many years.

所以‘老素民’就是已经当了很多年素食者的人。

So a long time veggie is someone who's been vegetarian for many years.

不管你希望素香肠看起来、尝起来、口感上都像肉，还是更喜欢纯粹的植物蛋白，现在你都能找到心仪的产品。

Whether you want your veggie sausages to look, taste and feel like meat, or you prefer your protein from a plant, now there's every chance you'll find what you're looking for.

还能同时照顾好自己的身体和地球。

And keep your body and planet healthy as well.

尼尔，现在该揭晓你问题的答案了吧？

Now isn't it time you revealed the answer to your question, Neil?

对。

Yes.

我问了下，英国英语里香肠的俚语是什么。

I asked what the British English slang word for sausages is.

那是什么呀，乔吉？

And what is it, Georgie?

答案是'banger'。

The answer is banger.

英国有一道家常菜叫'bangers and mash'，就是香肠配土豆泥。

And we have a typical dish in The UK called bangers and mash, which is sausages and mash.

太喜欢了。

Love it.

再浇上肉汁。

With gravy.

明白了。

Okay.

我们来回顾一下刚才学的词汇，先从'banger'开始，这是香肠的俚语说法。

Let's recap the vocabulary we've learned starting with banger, a word which is slang for sausage.

你的直觉反应就是凭着本能感受对某件事形成的看法，而不是靠逻辑或推理。

Your gut reaction is your opinion about something based on instinctive feelings, not logic or reason.

说到我觉得，这个表达可以用来表明你对某事的看法。

The phrase as far as I'm concerned can be used to give your opinion about something.

resemble 就是看起来或跟某物相似的意思。

To resemble means to look or be similar to something.

veggie 是素食者的俚语说法，指不吃肉的人。

A veggie is slang for a vegetarian someone who doesn't eat meat.

最后，形容词 long time 可以用来表示某人已经做了某件事很多年了。

And finally, the adjective long time can be used to say that someone has done a particular thing for many years.

好了，我们这六分钟又到了。

Once again, our six minutes are up.

别忘了，我们网站 bbclearningenglish.com 上有练习题、测验，还有更多资源帮你提升英语。

But remember, you can find worksheets, quizzes, and loads more resources to improve your English over on our website, bbclearningenglish.com.

咱们网站上见。

See you there soon.

但眼下，我们就此告别了。

But for now, goodbye.

再见。

Goodbye.

六分钟英语。

Six Minute English.

来自 bbclearningenglish.com。

From bbclearningenglish.com.