婴儿如何交流？

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Head to our website bbclearningenglish.com.

六分钟英语。

Six Minute English.

来自 bbclearningenglish.com。

From bbclearningenglish.com.

你好。

Hello.

这里是BBC英语学习的六分钟英语。

This is six Minute English from BBC Learning English.

我是尼尔。

I'm Neil.

我是贝丝。

And I'm Beth.

作为成年人，我要跟人说点什么，张嘴就说了。

As an adult, when I need to tell somebody something, I just open my mouth and speak.

尼尔，我饿了。

Neil, I'm hungry.

那你赶紧吃点东西吧。

Ah, you'd better get something to eat then.

我想得到什么的时候，也是一样。

And when I want something, it's the same.

我直接开口问就是了。

I just ask.

贝丝，能把那支笔递给我一下吗？

Can you pass me that pen please, Beth?

对。

Yep.

给你。

There you go.

这是现在的情况，但婴儿时期，我们还不会说话。

So that's now, but as babies, we're not able to speak.

我们只能靠身体动作或者哭来表达。

We can only communicate with our bodies or by crying.

我们自己没法穿衣服、吃饭或者洗澡。

We can't clothe, feed or wash ourselves.

我们的生存完全依赖别人。

We rely on others totally for our survival.

我们都当过婴儿，但在会说话之前，新生儿是怎么让爸妈明白他们的需求的呢？

We've all been one, but how do newborn babies tell mum and dad what's going on before they can speak?

这集我们就来探讨这个问题，还会学一些实用的新词汇，所有内容都可以在我们的网站 bbclearningenglish.com 上找到。

That's what we'll be investigating in this episode, along with some useful new vocabulary, all of which you can find on our website bbclearningenglish.com.

婴儿沟通是儿童心理治疗师玛丽·德罗姆在她新书《你的宝宝想让你知道的事》中探讨的主题。

Baby communication is a topic child psychotherapist Marie Derome writes about in her new book, What Your Baby Wants You to Know.

那么，新生儿到底想让我们知道些什么呢？

So what do newborn babies want us to know?

这是玛丽的回答。

Well, here's Marie's answer.

我觉得他们想让我们明白，他们百分之百需要我们，没有我们，他们就活不下去。

I think they want us to know that they need us 100% because without us they won't survive.

如果没有人照顾，婴儿是无法生存的。

Without someone caring for them, babies wouldn't survive.

所以从根本上说，每个婴儿都在说：请照顾我。

So on a basic level, every baby is saying take care of me.

玛丽说，婴儿百分之百需要我们。

Marie says babies need us 100%.

她用‘百分之百’这个说法，是为了强调她所说的话完全正确。

She uses the phrase 100% to emphasise that what she said is completely true.

我们马上会听到更多内容。

And we'll hear more soon.

不过在那之前，我有个问题想问你，尼尔。

But first, I have a question for you, Neil.

虽然看起来又小又弱，但婴儿出生时其实具备一些惊人的能力。

Although they look small and helpless, babies are born with some amazing abilities.

那么，以下关于新生儿的陈述，哪一个是正确的？

So which of the following statements about newborn babies is true?

A。

A.

A. 婴儿出生时就长齐了牙齿；B. 婴儿的眼睛会变颜色；C. 婴儿的骨头数量和成人一样。

Babies are born with a full set of teeth b, babies' eyes change colour or c, babies have the same number of bones as an adult.

哦，这个问题挺有意思的。

Oh, that's an interesting question.

不过我觉得我知道答案。

I think I know the answer though.

我选B，婴儿的眼睛会变颜色。

I'm going to go with b, Baby's eyes change colour.

好的。

Okay.

不过，我们得等到节目快结束时才能知道对不对。

Well, we'll find out if that's right at the end of the programme.

如果你带过宝宝，大概注意过他们的小手小脚总在不停动。

Now, if you've spent time with a baby, you've probably noticed how much they move their little arms and legs.

接下来，玛丽·德罗姆向BBC广播四台《女性时光》节目解释了这些动作的意义。

Here, Marie Derome explains the meaning of these movements to BBC Radio four programme Woman's Hour.

他们75%的动作都是有意识的、有节奏的。

75% of their movement are intentional, synchronised.

并不是抽搐式的。

They're not jerky.

我们肉眼看着觉得特别僵硬，但其实不是。

We know to the naked eyes, they appear very jerky, but they're not.

这些动作是为了吸引我们做父母的，你知道的，他们需要我们。

They're there to bring us in, the parents, you know, they need us.

所有这些动作其实都在说：看，过来，看看我。

They they they all those movements are there to say, look, come, look at me.

我需要你。

I need you.

我想和你一起玩。

I want to, you know, to play with you.

婴儿摆动手臂和腿，是为了和父母建立联系。

Babies move their arms and legs to create a bond with their parents.

在普通人看来，这些动作显得突然又急促，也就是不流畅、不连贯。

To the naked eye, these movements look jerky an adjective meaning sudden and quick, not smooth flowing.

‘肉眼可见’的意思是不用借助显微镜等特殊工具，普通人用眼睛就能看到的方式。

The phrase to the naked eye means in a way that can be seen without special instruments like a microscope, or is seen in the way an ordinary person would.

实际上，这些看似笨拙的动作是有意为之的，目的是吸引父母注意，好让他们被看见、被照顾。

In reality, these jerky movements are intentional, meaning that they're planned and done for a particular purpose to catch their parents' attention so they will be noticed and cared for.

玛丽的这本书是写给新手父母的，帮助他们理解宝宝的身体语言。

Marie's book is aimed at new parents who are learning to understand their baby's body language.

但她也给那些难以与新生儿建立情感联结的父母提供了建议，她在BBC广播四台的《女性时光》节目中解释了这一点。

But she also has advice for parents who are finding it difficult to bond with their newborn, as she explains here to BBC Radio four programme Woman's Hour.

当父母真的很难。

Parenting is really hard.

对宝宝一见钟情，并不像人们想象的那样自然而然。

Falling in love with this little baby is not, you know, this idea that love at first sight.

我觉得这种说法太没用了，完全是老生常谈。

I think it's such a, unhelpful cliche.

要真正爱上宝宝、了解宝宝，是需要时间的。

It will take time to love love that baby, to get to know that baby.

很多新手父母都幻想过，第一次见到宝宝就会立刻爱上他。

Many new parents dream about falling in love with their baby at first sight.

‘一见钟情’这个说法，指的是第一次见到某人就立刻爱上对方。

The idiom love at first sight means being in love with someone as soon as you see them for the first time.

但玛丽认为，这种理想化的期待反而会带来问题。

But Marie thinks this ideal dream can cause problems.

她称之为一个无益的陈词滥调。

She calls it an unhelpful cliche.

陈词滥调就是那些被用得太频繁、变得老套又乏味的说法，有时甚至有害，比如制造不切实际的期待，或者让父母觉得自己做得不够好。

A cliche is an overused phrase or comment that has been said so much that it's become unoriginal and uninteresting, and in some cases unhelpful for example, by creating unrealistic expectations or by making parents feel guilty they're not doing enough.

玛丽说，要了解新生儿并真正爱上他们，是需要时间的。

Marie says it takes time to get to know a newborn baby and to fall in love.

但对大多数父母来说，尽管有那么多误解、失眠的夜晚和脏尿布，这一切都值得，因为他们的宝宝实在太可爱了。

But for most parents, all the misunderstandings, sleepless nights and dirty nappies are worth it for their amazing baby.

说到可爱的宝宝，贝丝，你之前那个问题的正确答案是什么？

And speaking of amazing babies, what was the correct answer to your question, Beth?

正确答案是，婴儿的眼睛颜色会变化。

Well, the correct statement was that babies' eyes change colour.

我觉得你答对了，尼尔。

I think you got that right, Neil.

我答对了。

I did.

这真是个惊人的事实，但确实是真的。

It's an amazing fact but apparently true.

没错，确实如此。

Yes, indeed.

好的。

Okay.

我们来回顾一下本期学到的词汇，首先是‘100%’这个表达，用来强调你完全同意某事，或者认为某事完全正确或错误。

So let's recap the vocabulary we've learnt in this episode starting with the phrase 100% which can be used to emphasise that you completely agree with something or that you consider something to be completely right or wrong.

如果你形容一个动作是‘jerky’，意思是它突然地移动、停顿、再启动，而不是流畅地进行。

If you describe a movement as jerky, you mean it moves suddenly and stops and starts rather than flowing smoothly.

形容词‘intentional’的意思是有计划、有目的的。

The adjective intentional means planned and purposeful.

短语‘to the naked eye’指的是不用特殊仪器就能看到的方式，或者指没有专业知识的人所能看到的样子。

The phrase to the naked eye means in a way that can be seen without special instruments or to someone without special knowledge.

成语‘一见钟情’形容的是你第一次见到某人时就爱上对方的经历。

The idiom love at first sight describes the experience of starting to love someone as soon as you see them for the first time.

最后，一个无益的陈词滥调是指那些被过度使用、反而助长了不切实际或消极心态的表达。

And finally, an unhelpful cliche is an overused phrase or comment a cliche which has the effect of creating unhelpful or unrealistic attitudes.

好了，我们这六分钟又到了。

Once again, our six minutes are up.

不过别忘了，更多节目、测验和练习资料都在我们的网站 bbclearningenglish.com 上。

But remember, you can find many more episodes plus a quiz and worksheet for this one on our website, bbclearningenglish.com.

那我们先说到这里。

Goodbye for now.

再见。

Goodbye.

六分钟英语。

Six Minute English.

来自 BBC Learning English。

From bbclearningenglish.com.