让城市感觉更安静

还剩六分钟吗？

Got another six minutes?

我们还有很多内容帮你提升英语。

We have lots more to help you with your English.

试试《Real Easy English》，通过自然的英语对话学习，或者从全球重大新闻中学英语。

Try Real Easy English to learn from natural English conversations or learn some English from the biggest news stories from around the world.

在你的播客应用里搜索‘BBC Learning English’，收听我们的其他节目，或访问 bbclearningenglish.com 获取更多内容。

Search BBC Learning English in your podcast app to find our other programs or find much more at bbclearningenglish.com.

六分钟英语。

Six Minute English.

来自 bbclearningenglish.com。

From bbclearningenglish.com.

你好。

Hello.

这里是 BBC 学习英语出品的六分钟英语。

This is six Minute English from BBC Learning English.

我是尼尔。

I'm Neil.

我是乔治。

And I'm Georgie.

尼尔，我待会儿放两段录音给你听，你听完告诉我你有什么感受。

Neil, I'm going to play you two sound recordings and I want you to tell me how you feel when you hear them.

好的。

Okay.

先听这段，再听这段。

First this and now this.

哦，第一段让我感觉特别放松。

Oh, well that first clip made me feel really relaxed.

但第二段，天哪，太糟糕了。

But the second one, oh, it's horrible.

说实话，我听了挺紧张的。

I felt quite stressed out actually.

天哪。

Oh no.

这个小实验说明了我们多么容易受到周围噪音的影响。

Well, this little experiment shows how much we are affected by the noise around us.

如果你是全球四十亿城市居民之一，这就会成为一个问题。

And that's a problem if you're one of the 4,000,000,000 people around the world who live in cities.

没错。

Yes.

无论是火车轨道的哐当声、汽车喇叭的鸣响，还是头顶飞机的轰鸣，现代城市到处都是噪音，这些都会带来严重的影响。

Whether it's the rattle of train tracks, honking car horns or the roar of aeroplanes overhead, modern cities are full of noise and this can have serious effects.

世界卫生组织报告称，大约二十五亿人将面临听力损失，而长期暴露在噪音中已被证实与压力和焦虑有关。

The World Health Organization reports that around two point five billion people will experience hearing loss, and exposure to loud noise has been linked to stress and anxiety.

在本期节目中，我们将了解如何利用一些新的表达方式，让城市变得更安静、更舒适。

In this episode, we'll be hearing about ways to make our cities quieter, more relaxing places using some useful new words and phrases.

别忘了，所有词汇、测验和练习材料都可以在我们的网站 bbclearningenglish.com 上找到。

And remember, you'll find all the vocabulary along with a quiz and worksheet on our website bbclearningenglish.com.

不过，Georgie，我有个问题想问你。

But now I have a question for you, Georgie.

声音的强度是用分贝来衡量的。

Sound is measured in units called decibels.

如果我轻声说话，大概是多少分贝呢？

But how many decibels would it be if I whispered?

轻声说话就是像这样。

A whisper is speaking like this.

是a) 3分贝，b) 13分贝，还是c) 30分贝？

Is it a) three decibels b) 13 decibels or c) 30 decibels?

哦，这真难猜。

Oh, that's really hard.

我选b) 13分贝。

I'll go for b) 13 decibels.

好吧，答案我们节目最后再揭晓。

Well, we'll find out the answer at the end of the programme.

我们先来看看世界上噪音最严重的城市之一——印度的孟买，白天的噪音水平经常达到80分贝，比世界卫生组织的建议高出20多分贝。

Let's start in one of the noisiest cities in the world, Mumbai in India, where daytime noise levels regularly hit 80 decibels which is over 20 decibels higher than World Health Organization recommendations.

听听孟买本地人查维·萨切德为BBC世界服务节目《人类改造世界》分享的她在这样一座嘈杂城市里的生活体验。

Listen to Mumbai native Chavi Sachdev share her experiences of living in this noisy city with BBC World Service programme, People Fixing the World.

我的意思是，印度整体上就特别吵闹。

I mean, India in general is just really loud.

我们这个民族就是声音大。

We are a loud people.

我们的穿着也特别花哨亮眼。

We dress loud.

说话声音也特别响亮。

We talk loud.

庆祝的时候更是热热闹闹。

We celebrate loud.

看电影的时候也是一样，音量开得老高。

We watch movies loud.

当别人问我怀念在国外生活什么时，我会说，是安静。

When people ask me what I miss about living abroad, I tell them it's the quiet.

因为在美欧生活了十二年，回来后我才意识到，我实在受不了了。

Because after twelve years of living in The US and Europe, when I got back, I realized I couldn't handle it anymore.

我已经习惯了更低的噪音水平。

I'd gotten used to lower levels of noise.

查维说，印度人说话大声、庆祝热闹、穿衣也花哨。

Chavi says Indians talk loud, celebrate loud and dress loud.

穿衣花哨，指的是穿颜色鲜艳、图案大胆的衣服。

To dress loud means to wear clothes with bright colours and large bold patterns.

查维从海外回到印度后，说她根本受不了这里的噪音。

When Chavi returned to India after living overseas, she says she couldn't handle the noise.

如果某人受不了一件事，就是觉得很难应对或承受。

If you can't handle something, you find it difficult to deal or cope with.

那么，像孟买这样的城市，能做些什么来减少噪音呢？

So what can be done to tackle noise in cities like Mumbai?

有一个挺有意思的做法，是用声音本身来让环境显得更安静。

One interesting approach involves using sound itself to make things feel quieter.

声音景观的设计，就是在热闹的公共场所加入特定的声音，让那里听起来和感觉上都更放松。

Soundscaping is the idea of adding certain sounds to busy public spaces so that they sound and feel more relaxing.

声音艺术家查尔斯·蒙坦博在加拿大蒙特利尔的马德勒诺公园附近居住，那是个很热闹的城市公园。

Sound artist Charles Montambeau lives near the Parc De Madeluneau, a busy city park in Montreal, Canada.

查尔斯受到他在马格达莱娜群岛度假时听到的海浪声启发，想在自己家附近的公园里重现那种声音。

Charles was inspired to recreate the ocean sounds he heard on holiday in the Magdalene Islands in his city park back home.

在BBC世界服务节目《人类改造世界》中，他向记者娜塔莎·费尔南德斯提到，那些声音包括海浪和一种很特别的沙子声。

On BBC World Service programme People Fixing the World, he tells reporter Natasha Fernandez that these sounds included ocean waves and some unusual sounding sand.

那里的沙子和马格达莱娜群岛会‘唱歌’。

The sand and the Magdalene Island can sing.

当你踩上去用力一点，沙子就会发出吱吱的声响。

When you walk into the sound firmly, the sound makes some squeaky sounds.

这种声音挺特别的，也有点好玩。

So that's one sound that is kind of funny, kind of special.

在这个被繁忙道路环绕的小公园里，沙尔和他的团队在花坛里安装了扬声器，打造了一个沉浸式的声景装置。

Inside this small park surrounded by busy roads, Scharl and his team set up an immersive sound installation in the form of speakers planted in flower beds.

所以这个装置的初衷，其实是通过加入一些轻柔的声音，让公园显得更安静一些。

So the the installation was really to make this park a little quieter by adding some quiet noises.

这听起来有点反直觉，但通过加入更平缓的声音，确实能让公园变得更安静。

So it's counterintuitive, but you can make a park less noisy by adding some calmer sounds.

马格达琳群岛的沙子会发出吱吱声。

The sand on the Magdalene Islands is squeaky.

当你踩上去时，它会发出一种高音的吱吱声。

It makes a high pitched sound called a squeak when stepped on.

查尔斯在公园里隐藏的扬声器中播放了这种沙子、海浪以及其他让人放松的声音。

Charles played recordings of this sand, ocean waves, and other relaxing sounds through speakers hidden in the park.

他打造了一个艺术装置——一件旨在为人们提供互动体验的艺术作品。

He created an art installation a work of art designed to give people an interactive experience.

通过加入更多舒缓的声音，查尔斯的装置实际上让公园显得更加宁静了。

By adding more relaxing sounds, Charles' installation actually made the park feel quieter.

这正好说明了一件反直觉的事，也就是说，结果跟你想的完全不一样。

It's an example of something that's counterintuitive, meaning it happens differently from how you would expect.

这主意真棒。

What a great idea.

现在，类似的声音设计也在其他城市帮都市人放松，比如东京和巴塞罗那。

And similar soundscapes are now helping city dwellers relax in other cities too, including Tokyo and Barcelona.

尼尔，你之前问我一个关于非常轻柔声音的问题——耳语。

Now, Neil, you asked me a question about a very quiet sound, a whisper.

那你会公布正确答案了吗？

So are you going to reveal the correct answer?

我问的是耳语有多大声。

I asked you how loud a whisper is.

爱丽丝：对，我说是13分贝。

Alice Yes, and I said 13 decibels.

尼尔：13是个不吉利的数字，你答错了。

Neil Well, 13 is an unlucky number and you are wrong.

其实应该是30。

Alice It was actually 30.

好，我们来回顾一下学过的词汇，先从分贝说起，这是衡量声音的单位。

Okay, let's recap the vocabulary we've learned starting with decibel, the unit for measuring sound.

喜欢穿得花哨的人，总爱穿颜色鲜艳、设计大胆的衣服。

Someone who dresses loud likes to wear clothes with bright colours and bold designs.

如果某件事你应付不来，那就是你觉得很难应对。

If you can't handle something, you find it difficult to deal with.

艺术装置是一种为特定空间设计、旨在营造互动体验的艺术作品。

An art installation is an artwork designed to create an interactive experience in a certain space.

‘吱吱作响的’这个形容词，用来描述像老鼠发出的那种尖锐声音。

The adjective squeaky describes things which make a high pitched sound like a mouse.

吱吱吱。

Squeak squeak.

最后，如果你说某件事是反直觉的，意思就是它和你原本预期的完全不一样。

And finally, if you call something counterintuitive, you mean it happens differently from how you would expect.

好了，我们的六分钟又到了。如果你想了解更多关于这个话题以及其他热门内容，欢迎访问我们的网站 bbclearningenglish.com，那里有更多节目和学习资料。

Once again, our six minutes are up, but if you'd like to hear more about this and many other trending topics, you'll find more episodes and learning activities on our website, bbclearningenglish.com.

我们很快再见，现在先说再见了。

See you again soon, but for now, it's goodbye.

再见。

Goodbye.

六分钟英语。

Six Minute English.

来自 bbclearningenglish.com。

From bbclearningenglish.com.