与无人驾驶汽车共享道路

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Got another six minutes?

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We have lots more to help you with your English.

试试《轻松英语》，从自然的英语对话中学习，或者从世界各地的重大新闻中学点英语。

Try Real Easy English to learn from natural English conversations or learn some English from the biggest news stories from around the world.

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Search BBC Learning English in your podcast app to find our other programs, or find much more at bbclearningenglish.com.

《六分钟英语》。

Six Minute English.

来自 bbclearningenglish.com。

From bbclearningenglish.com.

大家好。

Hello.

这里是 BBC Learning English 的《六分钟英语》。

This is six Minute English from BBC Learning English.

我是菲尔。

I'm Phil.

我是皮帕。

And I'm Pippa.

在六分钟英语节目里，我们特别喜欢聊新技术。

Here at six Minute English, we love discussing new tech.

近年来最有争议的技术之一就是无人驾驶汽车，也叫自动驾驶汽车、自主汽车或者机器人出租车。

One of the most controversial technologies of recent years is driverless cars, also known as self driving cars, autonomous cars or robotaxis.

很多人说，没有人类司机开车，他们会觉得不安全。

Many people say they wouldn't feel safe in a car without a human driver.

但其他道路使用者也有担忧，比如行人、跑步的人和骑自行车的人。

But there are concerns from other road users too Pedestrians, runners and cyclists.

无人驾驶汽车会怎么和他们互动呢？

How will driverless cars interact with them?

这正是格拉斯哥大学的斯蒂芬·布鲁斯特教授一直在研究的问题。

It's a problem Professor Stephen Brewster from Glasgow University has been working on.

他在BBC世界服务节目《科技生活》中进一步解释了这个问题。

He explained more to BBC World Service programme Tech Life.

如果你现在站在车外，你能看到车里的司机。

If you're outside the vehicle right now, you can see the driver inside the vehicle.

你可以向他们挥手。

You can wave to them.

他们也能看到你。

They can see you.

你们可以眼神交流。

You can make eye contact.

但当你面对一辆自动驾驶汽车时，驾驶座上没有人。

But when you come to an autonomous vehicle, there's no person in the driving seat.

那么，你怎么判断他们是会先走，还是会让你先走呢？

So how do you negotiate whether they're going to go, whether they're going to let you go?

我上班走路时，需要过马路。

On my walk to work, I need to cross the road.

通常，司机会和我进行眼神交流。

Usually, a driver makes eye contact with me.

他们会直视我的眼睛，然后挥手示意我过马路。

They look directly into my eyes and then wave me across.

挥手就是举起手，左右摆动。

To wave means to raise your hand and move it from side to side.

这是一种打招呼的手势，或者是一种告诉别人做某事的方式。

It's a gesture for saying hello or a way of telling a person to do something.

幸运的是，菲尔，你通常都能安全到达工作地点。

Luckily, Phil, you usually arrive safely at work.

而且到目前为止，伦敦还没有无人驾驶汽车。

And as yet, there aren't no driverless cars in London.

但是菲尔，你会怎么看待在机器人出租车前面过马路这件事呢？

But Phil, how would you feel about crossing that road in front of a robotaxi?

嗯，可能会有点紧张。

Well, maybe a little bit nervous.

我可能会等它开过去，然后从它后面走，或者什么的。

I might wait for it to go and go behind it or something.

对。

Yeah.

我理解。

I get that.

我觉得也许随着我们越来越习惯这些技术，我们会更习惯怎么应对它们，以及什么时候过马路。

I think maybe as we get more used to these technologies, we'll get more used to how to deal with them and when to cross.

但在这一集里，我们调查的是帮助无人驾驶汽车在路上沟通的技术。

But in this episode, we investigate the tech helping driverless cars communicate on the roads.

我们会学到一些有用的新单词和短语，像往常一样，你可以在我们的网站bbclearningenglish.com上找到所有词汇。

We'll learn some useful new words and phrases, and as usual, you'll find all the vocabulary on our website, bbclearningenglish.com.

但首先，皮帕，我有个问题要问你。

But first, I have a question for you, Pippa.

正如你提到的，我们伦敦这里还没有自动驾驶汽车。

As you mentioned, we don't have self driving cars here in London yet.

那么，第一个在街道上完全使用无人驾驶出租车的是哪个城市？

So which was the first city to have fully driverless robotaxis on the streets?

是费城、凤凰城，还是旧金山？

Was it a, Philadelphia, b, Phoenix, or c, San Francisco?

我猜是凤凰城，因为我觉得那是个对汽车很友好的城市。

I'm going to say b, Phoenix, because I think it's quite a car friendly city.

好的。

Okay.

我们会在节目最后揭晓答案。

Well, we will find out the answer, but at the end of the programme.

因为事故往往是由于没有看到迎面而来的危险而发生的，布鲁斯特教授想让无人驾驶汽车更显眼。

Because accidents are often caused by not seeing the oncoming danger, professor Brewster wants to make driverless cars more visible.

他接受了BBC科技生活节目主持人克里斯·瓦兰斯的采访。

He discussed his work with BBC Tech Life's presenter, Chris Valance.

在提醒行人、跑步者和骑行者注意车辆意图方面，哪些信号有效？

What kind of signals worked in terms of alerting pedestrians and runners and cyclists to the intentions of the vehicle?

我们测试了两样东西。

We tested two things.

我们测试了动画和固定颜色的光环。

We tested animations and fixed colored light rings.

动画对行人来说效果不错，但轮到跑步者和骑行者时，他们做决定的时间就少多了。

The animations, they work well for pedestrians, but when it came to runners and cyclists, they have much less time to make their decisions.

所以如果你只是快速瞥一眼车辆，你根本看不到动画。

So if you do a quick glance at a vehicle, you don't really see the animation.

提醒人们注意无人驾驶汽车很重要。

It's important to alert people to driverless cars.

提醒某人就是警告他们潜在的危险。

To alert somebody means to warn them about a potential danger.

有些车用动画，也就是移动图像的显示来做这个。

Some cars do this with animations, displays of moving images.

比如，一个绿色小人走路，表示可以安全过马路。

For example, a green man walking to signal it's safe to cross.

动画能提醒行人，但对跑步者和骑行者来说不太合适，因为他们速度太快，来不及反应。

Animations alert pedestrians, but are not suitable for runners and cyclists who are travelling too fast to react.

他们只有时间瞥一眼。

They only have time for a glance.

瞥一眼就是快速看一眼的意思。

A glance at something means a quick look.

所以，斯蒂芬的团队改用类似红绿灯的彩色光环来提醒骑行者和跑步者。

So instead, Stephen's team used coloured light rings similar to traffic lights to warn cyclists and runners.

文化是另一个问题。

Culture is another problem.

肢体语言的含义可能会发生变化。

The meaning of body language can change.

比如，挥手在一个文化里可能表示请继续，在另一个文化里却表示谢谢。

For example, hand waving can mean please proceed in one culture, but thank you in another.

阿马尔·埃尔·塔伊是韩国科学技术院的研究员。

Amar El Taei is a researcher at the Advanced Institute of Science and Technology in South Korea.

在这里，阿玛告诉BBC世界服务频道的《科技生活》节目，为什么韩国文化特别适合自动驾驶汽车。

Here, Ahma tells BBC World Service's Tech Life why Korean culture is especially suited to self driving cars.

例如，在韩国，乱穿马路是违法的，而在英国，你知道，我们经常乱穿马路。

In South Korea, for example, jaywalking is illegal, whereas in The UK, you know, we tend to jaywalk a lot.

乱穿马路是一个美式英语词汇。

Jaywalking is an American English word.

它的意思是在不允许过马路的地方过马路，或者过马路时不加小心。

It means crossing the road at a place where crossing is not allowed or without taking care.

与英国不同，乱穿马路在韩国很少见，这使得该国对自动驾驶汽车更安全。

Unlike Britain, jaywalking is rare in South Korea, making the country safer for autonomous cars.

我们听了很多关于让无人驾驶汽车更安全的消息，而且我们计划今年晚些时候在伦敦推出它们。

We've heard a lot about making driverless cars safer, and we've plans to introduce them to London later this year.

我们很快就会看到它们到底有多安全。

We'll soon see how safe they really are.

菲尔，现在是不是该揭晓你那个问题的答案了？

Now isn't it time to reveal the answer to your question, Phil?

我问你哪个城市最先让自动驾驶汽车上路，你说是凤凰城，答案正确。

I asked you which city was the first to have self driving cars on the road, and you said it was Phoenix, and that is the correct answer.

亚利桑那州的凤凰城是世界上第一个让自动驾驶汽车在没有安全驾驶员的情况下在公共道路上行驶的城市，那是在2017年。

Phoenix, Arizona was the first city in the world to have self driving cars operating on public roads without a human safety driver, and that was in 2017.

我们来回顾一下学过的词汇，首先是眼神接触，就是直视对方的眼睛。

Let's recap the vocabulary we've learnt, starting with eye contact, looking directly into someone's eyes.

向某人挥手是一种打招呼的方式，就是举起手左右摆动。

To wave at someone is a way of saying hi by raising your hand and waving it from side to side.

如果你提醒某人，就是警告他们潜在的危险。

If you alert someone, you warn them of potential danger.

动画是由移动图像组成的展示。

An animation is a display made up of moving images.

瞥一眼就是快速、短暂地看一眼某物。

A glance is a quick, brief look at something.

最后，美式英语中的“jaywalking”指的是在不该过马路的地方过马路。

And finally, the American English term jaywalking means crossing the road where you're not supposed to.

好了，我们的六分钟时间又到了。

Once again, our six minutes are up.

如果你想听更多关于科技的节目，我们的网站上有科技话题页面，里面有很多内容。

If you'd like to hear more programmes about technology, you'll find plenty on our Tech Topic page all on our website.

而且你还能在那里找到这一集的测验和练习材料。

And there you'll also find a quiz and worksheet for this episode.

访问bbclearningenglish.com。

Visit bbclearningenglish.com.

我们很快再见，但现在，要说再见了。

We'll see you again soon, but for now, it's goodbye.

再见。

Goodbye.

六分钟

Six Meet

英语。

English.

来自bbclearningenglish.com。

From bbclearningenglish.com.