体育对抗贫困

这是来自BBC英语教学的下载内容。

This is a download from BBC Learning English.

想了解更多，请访问我们的网站。

To find out more, visit our website.

六分钟英语。

Six Minute English.

来自bbclearningenglish.com。

From bbclearningenglish.com.

你好。

Hello.

欢迎收听BBC英语教学的六分钟英语。

This is six Minute English from BBC Learning English.

我是尼尔。

I'm Neil.

我是萨姆。

And I'm Sam.

我们都明白，运动对健康很有好处，如果你有天赋，甚至还能靠它致富。

We all know that sport is great for our health and if you're talented, it can make you rich.

很多优秀的运动员都是靠着体育才能摆脱了贫困。

Many great champions have found a way out of poverty through their sporting ability.

想想足球运动员马拉多纳这样的例子。

Think of someone like footballer Maradona.

但在今天的节目里，我们不谈那些超级明星。

But in today's programme, we're not looking at the superstars.

相反，我们会聊聊运动如何改变地球上一些最贫困、最艰难环境中年轻人的生活。

Instead, we'll discuss how sport can change the lives of young people from some of the poorest, toughest backgrounds on earth.

当然，我们也会在过程中学习一些新词汇。

And of course, we'll be learning some vocabulary on the way.

世界各地有许多项目通过体育来改善孩子们的生活，提升心理健康、打破刻板印象，带来希望。

Many projects around the world use sports to change children's lives improving mental health, challenging stereotypes and giving hope.

其中一个是位于布里克斯顿的‘黑檀俱乐部’，他们用体育帮助伦敦最弱势社区的年轻人。

Among them is the Ebony Club in Brixton, which uses sport to help young people in London's most disadvantaged communities.

但到底是哪种运动呢？

But which sport?

这可是我的一个问题。

That's my quiz question.

是a) 高尔夫，b) 网球，还是c) 骑马？

Is it a) golf b) tennis or c) horse riding?

我觉得城里没地方打高尔夫或者骑马，所以我选b) 网球。

Well, I can't imagine there's enough space for golf and horse riding in the city, so I'll say b) tennis.

好的。

Okay.

答案我们稍后揭晓。

We'll find out the answer later.

刚才我们聊的是伦敦，但像 Ebony Club 这样的体育项目其实遍布全球。

Just now, we were talking about London, but sporting projects like the Ebony Club are happening all over the world.

在南非开普敦，英国冲浪者蒂姆·康尼比尔注意到，贫困社区的孩子几乎从不去海边，于是他开始免费教他们冲浪。

In Cape Town, South Africa, British surfer Tim Connibear noticed how kids from poor townships hardly ever went to the beach, So, he started giving them free surfing lessons.

蒂姆创立了‘浪潮改变人生’项目，现在每周都有数百名孩子来参加冲浪疗法。

Tim founded the Waves for Changes project and now hundreds of kids go along each week to get surfing therapy.

冲浪不仅让他们感到兴奋，还帮助他们改善了人生前景。

Not only is surfing giving them a buzz, it's helping to improve their life chances.

他正在接受BBC世界服务节目《改变世界的人》的采访。

Here he is talking to the BBC World Service programme, People Fixing the World.

冲浪其实挺难的。

Surfing also is quite difficult.

你在学一项很有挑战性的技能，这需要很大的自信。

So, you're learning a very challenging skill, takes a lot of confidence.

孩子们下水后每一次小小的成功，都会引发强烈的情感反应。

So these very small successes that children have when they go into the water elicit a really big emotional response.

如果你成长在充满创伤的环境中，往往容易对自己有负面的看法。

So if you come from a background of trauma, quite often, you'll have a negative self image.

而尝试新事物、取得新成就，并得到教练或导师的认可，对建立自信非常有帮助。

And being able to try something new, achieve something new, be recognised by a coach or a mentor is very, very good for your confidence as well.

大多数冲浪的孩子都经历过创伤、情感痛苦和由极度痛苦事件引发的心理冲击。

Most of the surfers have experienced trauma emotional pain and shock caused by very distressing experiences.

这让他们形成了负面的自我认知，也就是一个人对自己能力、性格和价值的看法。

This has given them a negative self image the way a person feels about themselves their ability, personality and value.

冲浪能帮助孩子们改善自我认知，因为它具有挑战性，能考验一个人的能力和毅力。

Surfing helps kids improve their self image because it's challenging difficult in a way that tests your ability and determination.

挑战大到孩子们需要有一位导师——一位值得信赖的顾问，为他们提供帮助和支持。

So challenging, in fact, that the children have a mentor a trusted adviser who gives help and support to a younger or less experienced person.

蒂姆认为，冲浪所需的专注力能让孩子们暂时忘掉其他烦恼。

Tim believes that the concentration needed to surf makes the children's other problems disappear at least for a short time.

到目前为止，结果令人乐观，开普敦的年轻冲浪者中，暴力行为明显减少。

And the results so far have been optimistic with a significant reduction in violent behaviour reported among Cape Town's young surfers.

冲浪在南非相当有名，但如果你把一项完全陌生的运动带到地球上最不发达的国家之一，会发生什么？

Surfing is quite well known in South Africa, but what happens when you take a completely unknown sport into one of the least developed countries on Earth?

2007年，澳大利亚人奥利弗·珀科维奇带着他的滑板去了阿富汗。

In 2007, Australian Oliver Perkovich was travelling in Afghanistan with his skateboard.

那里的孩子们特别着迷，于是他开始教他们滑板。

The children there were fascinated, so he started showing them how to skate.

这个想法逐渐发展，几年后，他创立了‘滑板教育’组织，为五到十七岁的孩子提供免费滑板课程，特别关注残障儿童、低收入家庭的孩子，尤其是女孩。

The idea grew and a few years later, he founded the organisation Skateistan giving free skateboard lessons to children aged five to 17 with a focus on those with disabilities from low income backgrounds and especially girls.

以下是滑板志愿者杰西卡·福尔克纳的讲述，她解释了滑板如何传递积极的教育信息，而这些信息在阿富汗孩子家里往往得不到。

Here's Skaters Than volunteer, Jessica Faulkner, explaining how skateboarding reinforces positive educational messages which Afghan kids don't always get at home.

滑板其实发挥着几种功能。

There's a few things that the skateboarding does as a kind of function.

它真的很有挑战性。

It is really quite challenging.

不管年纪大小，这都不是一项容易的运动。

It's not an easy sport for anyone, whether you're young or old.

因此，它也教会了人们很多生活技能。

And that means that it also teaches quite a lot of life skills.

你得摔很多次，才能真正滑得更好。

You have to fall off a skateboard quite a lot of times before you get better.

这还能帮助孩子们培养目标设定、抗压能力和毅力。

And it really helps children with things like goal setting and resilience and determination.

而且，非常重要的是，我们相信孩子就应该玩得开心。

Also, and really importantly, we do believe that children should have fun.

和冲浪一样，滑板运动既具挑战性又不容易。

Like surfing, skateboarding is challenging and difficult.

它需要付出努力，杰西卡认为，这能教会孩子一些重要的生活技能，比如应对日常生活中常见问题的基本能力。

It requires effort and Jessica believes this teaches children important life skills the basic skills needed to solve problems commonly encountered in everyday life.

一个关键的生活技能就是设定目标——明确自己想达成什么，以及打算怎么实现。

One important life skill is goal setting deciding what things you want to achieve and how you plan to achieve them.

加上毅力和抗压能力等其他品质，这些都能帮助孩子改善对生活的态度。

Along with other skills like determination and resilience, this helps kids improve their outlook on life.

还要体验最重要的一件事——享受乐趣。

And to experience one of the most important things having fun.

这让我想起 Ebony 俱乐部的孩子们，还有我的一个问题。

Which reminds me about the kids at the Ebony Club and my quiz question.

你还记得我之前问过你，这个俱乐部用什么运动来帮助伦敦的弱势儿童吗？

Remember that I asked you which sport the club uses to support disadvantaged children in London?

是的。

Yeah.

我当时说是B选项，网球。

And I said b) tennis.

但事实上，正确答案是C选项，骑马——这项运动通常被认为是精英阶层的专属。

But in fact it's c) horse riding a sport normally associated with the elite.

在本期节目中，我们讨论了运动如何帮助来自艰难背景的年轻人改善人生前景，其中许多人曾经历创伤，承受过巨大的情感痛苦。

In this episode, we've been discussing how sport can help improve the life chances of young people from tough backgrounds many of whom have suffered trauma severe emotional pain and distress.

这种痛苦会损害孩子的自我认知，影响他们如何看待和评价自己在世界中的价值。

Such pain damages a child's self image how they see and value themselves in the world.

通过参与冲浪、滑板和骑马这类具有挑战性、高强度且考验能力的运动，这种状况是可以得到改善的。

This can be improved by taking part in sports like surfing, skating and horse riding, which are challenging, demanding and testing of your abilities.

孩子们常常会有一位导师陪伴，那是值得信赖、更有经验的伙伴，能给予他们帮助和建议。

Often kids are supported by a mentor a trusted, more experienced friend who can offer help and advice.

有了这些支持，他们能学会一些基本的生活技能，也就是每个人应对日常问题都需要掌握的能力。

And with this support, they learn life skills basic skills everyone needs to cope with everyday problems.

其中一项很重要的技能就是设定目标，也就是明确自己想达成什么，并规划好实现的路径。

One important skill is goal setting deciding what you want to accomplish and planning how to do it.

当然，有时候最重要的目标就是单纯地享受乐趣。

And of course, sometimes the most important goal is just to have fun.

今天的时间就到这里了。

That's all we have time for.

我们很快会再聚，继续探讨更多热门话题。

Join us again soon as we discuss more topical issues.

再见

Bye for

啦。

now.

拜拜。

Bye.