书籍的舒缓力量

这是来自BBC英语学习的下载内容。

This is a download from BBC Learning English.

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To find out more, visit our website.

六分钟英语。

Six Minute English.

来自bbclearningenglish.com。

From bbclearningenglish.com.

你好。

Hello.

这里是BBC英语学习的六分钟英语。

This is six Minute English from BBC Learning English.

我是尼尔。

I'm Neil.

我是乔治娜。

And I'm Georgina.

你平时喜欢读什么类型的书，乔治娜？

What type of books do you like to read, Georgina?

我特别喜欢读犯罪小说。

I love reading crime fiction.

就是那种像露丝·伦德尔或者阿加莎·克里斯蒂写的侦探故事。

You know, detective stories by authors like Ruth Rendle or Agatha Christie.

真的吗？

Really?

你觉得读这些书能让人放松吗？

Do you find them relaxing?

说不上特别放松，但我总会深深投入到故事里，一边猜凶手是谁，一边等到最后一页才揭晓答案。

I wouldn't say relaxing exactly, but I get really involved in the story, trying to work out who the murderer is, then finding out on the last page.

这挺有意思的，因为今天我们要聊聊，在动荡时期，书籍如何帮助我们放松、重拾生活的感觉。

That's interesting because today we'll be looking at how books can help us relax and feel more alive during troubled times.

我们会探讨，阅读其实是缓解现代生活压力最好的方式之一。

We'll be finding out how reading is one of the best ways to find relief from the pressures of modern life.

尼尔，你是在说图书疗法吗？

Neil, are you talking about bibliotherapy?

观察力真敏锐啊，乔治娜。

Amazing detective skills, Georgina.

没错！

Exactly!

图书疗法就是开书单来治疗疾病。

Bibliotherapy is the prescription of books as a remedy to sickness.

自2013年英国慈善机构‘阅读机构’发布了一份医生可以推荐给患者的书单以来，这种做法就开始流行了，书单涵盖从抑郁、痴呆到慢性疼痛等各种问题。

It's been around since 2013 when The UK charity Reading Agency published a list of books that doctors could offer to patients tackling topics from depression to dementia to chronic pain.

从那以后，有一百二十万读者从图书馆借阅了这些推荐书籍。

Since then one point two million readers have borrowed the scheme's books from libraries.

效果这么好，现在准备把这项计划推广到儿童群体了。

It's so successful that it's about to be extended to children as well.

我倒想知道，这些年最受欢迎的都是哪些书。

I wonder which books have been most popular over that time.

事实上，这今天就是我的一个问题。

In fact, that's my quiz question for today.

有史以来销量最高的书是哪一本？

What is the best selling book of all time?

是J.K.罗琳的《哈利·波特与魔法石》吗？

Is it a Harry Potter and the Philosopher's Stone by JK Rowling?

还是查尔斯·狄更斯的《双城记》？

B A Tale of Two Cities by Charles Dickens?

或者是塞万提斯的《堂吉诃德》？

Or c Don Quixote by Miguel de Cervantes?

我觉得是《哈利·波特》。

I'll say a Harry Potter.

好的。

Okay.

我们等会儿再看你说得对不对。

Well, we'll find out later if you are right.

在文学疗愈中，人们会聚在一起共同阅读。

In bibliotherapy, people meet up to read together.

负责组织这些读书小组的菲利普·戴维斯教授认为，这些活动能让参与者感受到更鲜活的生命力。

Professor Philip Davis, who runs these reading groups, believes they help the participants come more alive.

以下是他在BBC广播四台《你与你的人生》节目中分享的发现。

Here he is speaking to BBC Radio four's You and Yours about what he's discovered.

如果你只是快速浏览，只是为了获取信息，那过程会很轻松，几乎是自动的。

If they're just scanning, if you're just looking for information, you go fast, it's very easy, it's automatic.

但当文学开始在你情感上在意的领域里，做些更复杂的事情时，大脑就会调动不同的区域，启用另一侧半球，变得活跃起来。

But when literature begins to do something more complicated than that in an area that emotionally you care about, the brain begins to work from different parts, from a different hemisphere, and it gets excited.

它会提前产生情感反应。

It gets pre emotional.

你能看到大脑真正苏醒的过程。

You can see the brain coming to life.

正是这种苏醒的状态，对这些读书小组来说才最为重要。

And it's that life that is important in terms of these reading groups.

有一种阅读方式是快速浏览，为了找特定信息，或者快速扫一眼页面来把握大意。

One type of reading is scanning reading quickly in order to find specific information or skimming the page to get a general understanding.

但真正的疗愈效果，发生在一群人一起读文学作品的时候。

But the real therapy happens when a group reads literature.

比如小说、诗歌或戏剧这类被认为具有艺术价值的作品。

Written works such as novels, poems or plays which are thought to have artistic merit.

当小组成员阅读文学作品时，大脑会变得活跃，转而调动另一个半球——也就是我们常说的脑半球，指大脑的一半。

When group members read literature their brains get excited and start working from a different hemisphere A word meaning half a sphere, usually half the earth or in this case the human brain.

这样阅读文学作品，能让大脑左右两个半球都重新活跃起来，在经历了一段沉寂之后再次被唤醒。

Reading literature in this way makes both the left and right hemisphere of the brain come to life, start to be activated again after a quiet period.

正是这种重新焕发生机的状态，证明了文学疗法的疗愈作用。

And it's this coming to life that proves the therapeutic effects of bibliotherapy.

下面再听听戴维斯教授是怎么说的，他解释了小组阅读带来的好处是如何体现的。

Here's Professor Davis again explaining how the benefits of group reading are observed.

其实主要有两种方式。

There are two methods really.

你可以做心电图，把电极贴在头皮上，测量脑电活动，从而得到一张图表，显示在读诗或短篇小说时某些瞬间出现的突然变化；也可以进核磁共振扫描仪，通过观察血流和氧气变化，看出大脑在接受这种新刺激时的活动模式。

You can have ECG where you put electrodes on the scalp and it measures electricity so that you can have a print off of a graph of the sudden leaps that can happen at particular moments in reading a poem or a short story, or you can go into the scanner, the fMRI and there the blood flow, the oxygen indicates again changes in the configuration of the brain as it takes in this new stimulus.

和他人一起阅读文学作品，能让参与者感受到更鲜活的生命力，更能应对生活中的起起落落。

The benefits of reading literature with others can be felt by group members as they begin to feel more alive and able to cope with life's ups and downs.

但这些益处也可以通过记录脑电波活动来科学地测量。

But they can also be measured scientifically by recording brainwave activity.

具体做法是，将被称为电极的金属导线小心地贴在阅读者的头皮上，也就是头发覆盖的皮肤区域。

This can be done by carefully attaching metal wires called electrodes to the reader's scalp the skin under the hair on the head.

接着通过给予阅读者某种刺激来测量大脑活动，这种刺激能激发人的神经反应。

Brain activity is then measured by giving the reader a stimulus something that encourages activity in people.

在这种情况下，刺激物可以是一首诗或一部小说。

In this case, it could be a poem or novel to read.

或者像侦探小说这样特别能激发兴趣的内容。

Or something really stimulating, like a detective story.

或者一部文学作品——这让我想起今天的小测验问题。

Or a work of literature, which reminds me of today's quiz question.

我让你们说说有史以来最畅销的书是哪一本，你们说是？

I asked you to name the most popular book of all time and you said?

《哈利·波特与魔法石》。

A Harry Potter and the Philosopher's Stone.

它确实是21世纪最畅销的书，但历史上销量第一、卖了五亿多册的其实是塞万提斯的《堂吉诃德》，里面甚至还有个侦探角色。

Which is definitely the most popular book in the twenty first century but number one of all time selling over 500,000,000 copies is c Cervantes Don Quixote and there's even a detective in it.

今天我们讨论了参加读书小组、一起阅读具有艺术价值的文学作品，比如小说和诗歌，所带来的疗愈效果。

Today we've been discussing the therapeutic effects of meeting up with others in a reading group to read literature writing of artistic value such as stories and poetry.

和快速扫读找信息不同，读书小组是把文学当作一种刺激，一种能激发人们内在活动的东西。

In contrast to scanning reading quickly to find facts reading groups use literature as a stimulus something that encourages activity in people.

阅读能同时激活大脑左右两个半球，增强情绪反应，这些变化都能在读者头皮、头发下的皮肤上测量出来。

Reading stimulates both the left and right hemispheres the two halves of the brain and increases emotional activity which can be measured on the scalp the skin under the hair on a reader's head.

这些都有助于经历过创伤的人重新找回活力，在一段沉寂之后重新感受到生命的律动。

All of which helps people dealing with trauma to come to life feel active and more alive after a quiet period.

对。

Right.

就这样了。

That's it.

我该去图书馆了。

I'm off to the library.

要是你能去就好了。

If only you could.

谢谢收听，更多富有启发性的话题和词汇，欢迎关注BBC Learning English的《六分钟英语》。

Thanks for listening and remember you can find many more stimulating topics and vocabulary here at six Minute English on BBC Learning English.

再见，

Bye for

现在。

now.

拜拜。

Bye.