减肥药物

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来自bbclearningenglish.com的六分钟英语。

Six Minute English from bbclearningenglish.com.

你好。

Hello.

这是BBC英语教学的六分钟英语。

This is six Minute English from BBC Learning English.

我是尼尔。

I'm Neil.

我是乔治。

And I'm Georgie.

尼尔，我刚才看到你吃了一顿看起来很健康的沙拉。

Neil, I saw you eating a healthy looking salad earlier.

你还有其他保持健康的方法吗？

Is there anything else you do to stay healthy?

目前，我正在坚持一套锻炼计划，并且吃得健康。

At the moment, I am following an exercise routine, and I'm eating healthily.

但我还不确定这是否产生了明显的效果。

But I'm not sure if it's having much effect.

你呢？

How about you?

嗯，我目前正在为半程马拉松训练，所以跑了很多，但我还是吃很多糖。

Well, I'm training for a half marathon at the moment, so I'm doing a lot of running, but I still eat a lot of sugar.

甜点。

A sweet treat.

饮食、锻炼和适量进食有助于一些人保持健康体重。

Diet, exercise and eating in moderation help some people stay at a healthy weight.

但据估计，约有65%的英国成年人超重，这种方法并不能帮助所有人。

But with around sixty five percent of British adults estimated to be overweight, that doesn't help everyone.

但最近减肥药物的发明改变了这一状况。

But this has changed with the recent invention of weight loss drugs.

是的。

Yes.

像司美格鲁肽和Mounjaro这样的减肥药物今年一直是热门话题。

Weight loss drugs like Ozempic and Mounjaro have been a hot topic this year.

这些药物是天然激素的改良版本，当它们在体内释放时，会让人产生饱腹感。

The drugs are modified versions of natural hormones which make us feel full when released into the body.

减肥药物通过注射到腹部，模拟这种效果，但持续时间要长得多。

Weight loss drugs are injected into the tummy and replicate this effect, but last much longer.

其原理是让你感觉更长时间饱腹，吃得更少，从而减轻体重。

The idea is that you feel full for longer, eat less and lose weight.

在本期节目中，我们将进一步了解这些药物如何帮助人们减重。

In this episode, we'll be hearing more about these drugs helping people lose weight.

和往常一样，我们还会学习一些有用的生词和短语。

And as usual, we'll be learning some useful new words and phrases.

此外，我们网站上还提供了练习册和测验，帮助大家练习今天学到的所有词汇。

Plus, there's a worksheet and quiz to practise all the vocabulary we'll learn on our website.

但首先，我有个问题要问你，尼尔。

But first, I have a question for you, Neil.

医生用来估算一个人是否处于健康体重的指标叫做BMI。

The measurement used by doctors to estimate if someone is at a healthy weight is called BMI.

那么，BMI代表什么呢？

But what does BMI stand for?

是a英国医学指数，b身体质量指数，还是c肌肉质量指数？

Is it a British Medical Index, b Body Mass Index or c Body Muscle Index?

嗯，我有99.9%的把握知道答案，乔吉。

Well, I am 99.9% certain that I know the answer, Georgie.

所以我不想提前剧透，让我们的听众失去乐趣。

So I don't want to spoil it for our listeners.

所以我们等到最后再揭晓。

So we'll just find out at the end.

好吧。

Okay then.

对于广播听众林·马西·戴维斯来说，减肥药物改变了她的生活。

For radio listener, Lynn Massey Davis, weight loss drugs have been life changing.

通过使用药物Mounjaro，林在六个月内减掉了20公斤，现在对自己的体重感到前所未有的开心。

Using the drug Mounjaro, Lynn lost 20 kilograms in six months, and now feels happier than ever about her weight.

她曾与BBC广播四台节目《Sliced Bread》的主持人格雷格·福特讨论过这一点。

Something she discussed with Greg Foote, presenter of BBC Radio four programme, Sliced Bread.

参与这个节目是什么感觉？

What's it like to be on it?

我不再感到饿了，所以对食物的执念消失了。

Well, I don't get hungry, so food noise stops.

那些关于自己吃东西就是坏人的内心独白，我觉得这种自我评判已经渐渐消散了。

And all those scripts about yourself, that you're a bad person for eating, I feel like that judgment has drifted into the ether.

当你说到食物噪音时，你指的是什么？

When you say food noise, what do you mean by that?

对我来说，这是一种内心的挣扎，就像有魔鬼和天使分别站在我的肩膀上。

For me, it was a conflict, like I got the devil and an angel on my shoulders.

天使说：别吃那个，因为你不该吃东西。

The angel said, Don't eat that because you shouldn't eat food.

我内心的魔鬼却说：哦，但你就是想尝一口。

The devil inside me said, Oh, but you just want to taste.

它严重损害了我的自尊，持续了非常非常长的时间，可能长达近五十年。

It damaged my self esteem for a very, very long time, probably for the best part of maybe fifty years.

减肥药物帮助琳恩减轻了食物噪音，这是一种对食物的侵入性且不想要的想法。

Weight loss drugs help Lynn reduce food noise, a term for intrusive and unwanted thoughts about food.

事实上，琳恩说她的不想要的食物噪音已经完全消失了，也就是说它彻底消散了。

In fact, Lynn says her unwanted food noise has gone into the ether, meaning it has completely disappeared.

在使用Mounjaro之前，琳恩对食物感到矛盾。

Before using Mounjaro, Lynn felt conflicted about food.

她说，一只天使坐在一只肩膀上，一只恶魔坐在另一只肩膀上，这是一个古老的比喻，形容内心陷入困境。

She says there was an angel on one shoulder and a devil on the other, an old idiom which describes having a personal dilemma.

一个想象中的天使代表了林恩的良知，告诉她应该怎么做，而另一个肩膀上的恶魔则在她耳边低语着诱惑。

An imaginary angel representing Lynn's conscience told her what she should do, while a devil sat on the other shoulder, whispering temptations in her ear.

多年来，这种内心的冲突损害了林恩的自尊——她对自己能力的信念和信心。

Over many years, this inner conflict damaged Lynn's self esteem her belief and confidence in her own abilities.

有趣的是，减肥药最初并不是为了减肥而发明的。

Interestingly, weight loss drugs weren't invented to lose weight at all.

它们最初是为糖尿病设计的——一种当人体血糖水平过高时引发的疾病。

They were originally designed for diabetes a disease caused when somebody's blood sugar levels get too high.

直到后来，医生们才注意到这种药物对体重的影响。

It was only later that doctors noticed the drug's effect on weight.

吉尔斯·耶奥教授研究肥胖症，同时也是开发减肥药公司的顾问。

Professor Giles Yeo researches obesity and is also a consultant for companies developing weight loss drugs.

以下是他在BBC广播四台《切片面包》节目中的讲话。

Here he is talking to BBC Radio four's sliced bread.

我们先谈了司美格鲁肽，因为它是第一个用于治疗糖尿病的药物，后来人们发现它有一个副作用，就是人们会减重。

We talked about Ozempic first because that was the first on the market for diabetes, and then people began to notice as a side effect that people were losing weight.

许多糖尿病患者也患有肥胖症，而实际上逆转糖尿病的部分效果正是因为他们减重了。

A lot of people with diabetes also have obesity, and part of the effects of actually reversing the diabetes is the fact that they lose weight.

因此，医生们开始超适应症使用这些药物。

And so doctors began to sort of prescribe them off label.

司美格鲁肽是市场上第一个上市的药物。

Ozempic was the first drug on the market.

当某种药物上市时，意味着它可供销售。

When something is on the market, it's available for sale.

司美格鲁肽原本是为治疗糖尿病设计的，但医生们注意到患者在使用后体重下降了，这是一种副作用。

Ozempic was designed for diabetes, but doctors noticed that patients lost weight as a side effect.

副作用是指药物或药品产生的意外的次要效果。

A side effect is an unexpected secondary effect of a drug or medicine.

通常这是一种不良反应，但在这个案例中，它反而帮助人们减轻了体重。

It's usually an undesirable effect, although not in this case as it helped people lose weight.

但减肥药会不会好得令人难以置信？

But could weight loss drugs be too good to be true?

英国的一名公共卫生官员警告说，仅靠这些药物并不是解决方案，应该鼓励人们养成更健康的生活方式。

A public health official in The UK warns that the drugs alone are not the solution, and that people should be encouraged to have a healthier lifestyle.

对，乔治娅，是不是该揭晓你问题的答案了？

Right, Georgie, isn't it time you revealed the answer to your question?

是的。

Yes.

我问过BMI，这是医生用来估算一个人是否体重健康的标准。

I asked about BMI, which is the measurement used by doctors to estimate if someone is at a healthy weight.

但BMI代表什么？

But what does BMI stand for?

现在，尼尔，你之前没给我答案。

Now Neil, you didn't give me an answer earlier.

对。

Yes.

那是因为我确信答案是b。

That's because I was sure the answer is b.

身体质量指数。

Body mass index.

正确。

That's correct.

干得好。

Well done.

好的。

Okay.

让我们回顾一下我们学过的词汇，从食物噪音开始。

Let's recap the vocabulary we've learnt starting with food noise.

关于食物的侵入性且不想要的想法。

Intrusive and unwanted thoughts about food.

成语'一个天使在一边肩膀上，一个魔鬼在另一边肩膀上'形容一种个人困境，即一个人必须在遵循良知与否之间做出选择。

The idiom an angel on one shoulder and a devil on the other describes a personal dilemma where someone must choose whether to follow their conscience or not.

自尊是指对自己能力和价值的信念。

Self esteem means a belief in your own abilities and value.

如果某物消失在虚无中，它就完全消失了。

If something disappears into the ether, it completely goes away.

它消散在空气中。

It vanishes into the air.

上市的产品是指可供人们购买的产品。

A product which is on the market is available for people to buy.

最后，副作用是指药物或药品产生的意外且通常是不希望出现的次要效果。

And finally, a side effect is an unexpected and usually unwanted secondary effect of a drug or medicine.

再次提醒，我们的六分钟时间到了。

Once again, our six minutes are up.

但如果你对健康主题的节目感兴趣，我们有一个健康专题页面，你可以在我们的网站 bbclearningenglish.com 上找到。

But if you're interested in programmes about health, we have a health topic page, which you can find on our website bbclearningenglish.com.

我们很快在那里见。

See you there soon.

再见。

Goodbye.

六分钟英语。

Six Minute English.

来自 bbclearningenglish.com。

From bbclearningenglish.com.