我们为什么会感到瘙痒？

这个BBC播客在英国以外的地区由广告支持。

This BBC podcast is supported by ads outside the UK.

欢迎来到《闹鬼的图书馆》。

Welcome to "The Haunted Library."

你是来寻找故事的吗？

Have you come in search of a tale?

这个播客邀请你在书架间浏览，找到那些在你离开后仍会久久萦绕心头的故事。

This podcast invites you to browse the shelves and find stories that will linger long after you've left this place.

从哥特式杰作到通俗的恐怖小说，我是科林·摩根，每周两次新集数，与我一起探索。

From gothic masterpieces to pulpy penny dreadfuls, join me, Colin Morgan, with new episodes twice a week.

无论你在哪里收听播客，都能找到《闹鬼的图书馆》。

Find "The Haunted Library" wherever you get your podcasts.

六分钟英语。

Six Minute English.

来自bbclearningenglish.com。

From bbclearningenglish.com.

大家好，欢迎收听BBC英语学习的《六分钟英语》。

Hello, and welcome to Six Minute English from BBC Learning English.

我是尼尔。

I'm Neil.

我是乔治。

And I'm Georgie.

词汇、定义和免费练习表都可以在我们的网站bbclearningenglish.com上找到。

Find the vocabulary, definitions, and a free worksheet on our website, bbclearningenglish.com.

乔治，今天我们要聊点不一样的。

So Georgie, we're going to talk about something a little different today.

我们要聊的是痒。

We're talking about itching.

痒就是皮肤上那种不舒服的感觉，让你忍不住用手指去挠。

Now, an itch is that unpleasant feeling you get on your skin that you have to scratch with your fingers.

什么东西会让你觉得痒呢？

What sort of things make you itch?

你问得正好，因为我今天正好穿了一件很扎人的毛衣，弄得我一直想挠皮肤。

Well, funny you should ask, because I'm actually wearing quite an itchy jumper at the moment, and it's making me want to scratch my skin.

你呢？

What about you?

最近我被蚊子咬了一口，你知道的，被蚊子咬了之后特别痒。

Well, recently I was bitten by a mosquito, and as you know, when you get bitten by a mosquito, it's really itchy.

我挠了又挠，挠了好多好多下。

I had to scratch loads and loads.

哎呀。

Ugh.

我最讨厌这种情况了。

I hate it when that happens.

太难受了。

It was horrible.

在这期播客里，我们会听一些专家讲讲为什么我们会痒，以及挠痒对我们有什么好处。

In this podcast, we're going to hear from some experts about why we itch and how scratching can be good for us.

好，我们当然要从一个测验问题开始，乔治。

Okay, well, we're going to start with a quiz question, of course, Georgie.

今天的问题有点不一样。

It's a bit of a different one today.

亨宁·霍尔博士研究瘙痒心理学，他在BBC世界服务节目《大众科学》中给嘉宾播放了一些抓挠的声音。

Dr. Henning Holle studies the psychology of itching, and he played some scratching sounds to the guests on the BBC World Service program, "CrowdScience."

现在的问题是：被抓的是什么？

Now, the question is: what is being scratched?

你有三个选择：A，手臂；B，胡子；C，牛仔裤。

You have three choices: A, an arm, B, a beard, or C, some jeans.

好，那我们听听看。

Okay, well, let's listen.

听起来有点毛茸茸的，所以我选B，胡子。

Well, that sounded a bit hairy, so I'm going to go with B, a beard.

好，我们会在节目最后揭晓答案。

Well, we'll find out at the end of the program.

尼尔，我刚才提到我的毛衣有点痒，但有时候我无缘无故也会觉得痒。

So Neil, I mentioned that my jumper was a bit itchy, but sometimes I feel itchy for no particular reason.

那这是怎么回事呢？

So what's going on there?

这也是BBC世界服务节目《众科学》的听众们好奇的问题。

Well, that's something that the listeners of BBC World Service program, "CrowdScience" also wondered.

他们想知道答案。

They wanted to know the answer to that.

主持人阿南德·贾加蒂亚采访了瘙痒专家索尼娅·斯坦德，来了解更多。

The presenter, Anand Jagatia, spoke to itching expert, Sonja Stander, to find out more.

我们来听一下。

Let's listen.

这里有很多科学知识要讲。

There's lots of science to unpack here.

索尼娅，瘙痒到底是什么？

Sonja, what actually is itchiness?

是的，通过抓挠皮肤，我们可以去除寄生虫、植物或其他不属于皮肤上的东西。我们会在感到痒的地方抓挠，把它弄掉，这样它就不能再伤害皮肤或对我们造成危害了。

Yeah, so by scratching the skin, we remove parasites or plants or anything that does not belong onto the skin, and so we start to scratch at the very same area where we itch and remove it, and it can no longer damage the skin and harm ourself.

阿南德说，关于痒有很多科学知识需要解释。

Anand says there's a lot of science to unpack about itchiness.

这里的“解释”就是说明的意思。

Unpack here means explain.

索尼娅解释说，当我们的皮肤感到痒时，我们会去抓挠，这有助于去除皮肤上的寄生虫和其他有害物质。

Sonja explains that when our skin feels itchy, we scratch it, and that helps to get rid of parasites and other harmful things on our skin.

寄生虫是生活在另一种动物身上并从中获取营养的动物或植物。

Parasites are animals or plants that live on another animal and feed from them.

所以，尼尔，痒是皮肤保护自己免受有害寄生虫侵害的一种方式。我得说，现在谈论这么多关于痒和抓挠的话题，让我自己也觉得有点痒了。

So Neil, itching is our skin's way of protecting itself against harmful parasites, and I have to say, all of this talk of itching and scratching is making me feel a bit itchy right now.

这很有趣，因为亨宁·霍勒博士想研究仅仅是想痒是否就会让我们更容易感到痒。

Well, that's interesting, because Dr. Henning Holle wanted to study whether just thinking about itching makes us more likely to feel itchy.

亨宁和他的团队研究了人们观看痒和抓挠视频时的反应。

Henning and his team studied what happened when people watched videos of itching and scratching.

我们来听听他在BBC世界服务节目《大众科学》中的讲话。

Let's listen to him speaking to BBC World Service program, "CrowdScience."

我们在这项研究中发现，是的，这些抓挠视频确实让人感觉更痒。

And what we found in this study was, yes, these scratching videos indeed made people feel itchier.

他们也开始更不由自主地抓挠自己。

They also started to scratch themselves more spontaneously.

所以答案基本上是，是的，你会被传染上抓痒。

So the answer is basically, yes, you can catch a scratch.

在亨宁的研究中，当人们观看抓挠视频时，他们会不由自主地抓挠自己。

In Henning's study, when people watched videos of scratching, they scratched themselves spontaneously.

如果你不由自主地做某事，那就是在没有被要求或没有思考的情况下做的。

If you do something spontaneously, you do it without being asked or without thinking.

所以亨宁得出结论，是的，你会被传染上抓痒，就像你可能会被传染上疾病一样。

So Henning concludes that yes, you can catch a scratch, just like you might catch an illness.

这里的“传染”指的是从别人那里得到。

Catch in this context means get from someone else.

好的，乔治，我觉得是时候揭晓我测验问题的答案了。

Okay, Georgie, I think it's time for the answer to my quiz question.

我们播放了一段人们挠痒的音频，你得判断是在挠什么部位。

We had a clip of people scratching, and you had to decide what is being scratched.

我说那是胡子。

I said that was a beard.

好的。

Okay.

那么，我们来看看在《大众科学》节目上收听的人是否同意。

Well, let's see if the people who are listening to this on the program, "CrowdScience" agreed.

听起来像是有毛发的皮肤，所以我猜是头皮。

It sounds like hairy skin, so I would go for the scalp.

对，我觉得是胡子或者类似的东西，因为听起来确实有毛发。

Yeah, I think it's beard or something, because it does sound like there's hair there.

那确实是有毛发的皮肤，阿南德说得完全正确，所以我们听到的确实是挠胡子的声音。

It is definitely hairy skin, and Anand was spot on, so it is indeed a beard scratch that we were listening to.

哇。

Whoa.

所以我说对了。

So I was right.

你确实说对了。

You were.

恭喜你。

Congratulations.

好，我们来回顾一下本期节目学到的词汇，先从itch开始，它是指皮肤上不舒服的感觉，可以用形容词itchy来描述某样东西。

Okay, let's recap the vocabulary we learned in this program, starting with itch, which is an unpleasant feeling on your skin, and something can be described using the adjective itchy.

当你感到痒时，你通常会用手抓，也就是用指甲在皮肤上摩擦。

When you feel an itch, you often scratch it with your fingers by rubbing your nails on the skin.

如果你unpack一个想法或科学概念，你就是把它详细清楚地解释出来。

If you unpack an idea or scientific concept, you explain it in clear detail.

寄生虫是一种动物或植物，它生活在另一种动物身上，并以它为食。

A parasite is an animal or plant that lives on another animal and feeds on it.

如果你自发地做某件事，那就是没有人要求你，你也没有多想就做了。

If you do something spontaneously, you do it without being asked or without thinking.

Catch 这个词可以用来表示从别人那里得到，比如生病。

Catch can be used to mean get from someone else, such as an illness.

比如说，你可以 catch a cold，就是感冒了。

For example, you can catch a cold.

好了，我们的六分钟时间又到了。

Once again, our six minutes are up.

不过你可以在我们的网站 bbclearningenglish.com 上用练习册测试一下你学到的内容。

But you can test what you've learned with the worksheet on our website, bbclearningenglish.com.

感谢你的收听，再见。

Thank you for joining us, and goodbye.

再见。

Goodbye.

还有六分钟时间吗？

Got another six minutes?

我们还有很多内容可以帮助你提升英语。

We have lots more to help you with your English.

试试《轻松英语》，从自然的英语对话中学习，或者从世界各地的重要新闻中学点英语。

Try Real Easy English to learn from natural English conversations or learn some English from the biggest news stories from around the world.

在你的播客应用里搜索 BBC Learning English，找到我们的其他节目，或者访问 bbclearningenglish.com 获取更多内容。

Search BBC Learning English in your podcast app to find our other programs or find much more at bbclearningenglish.com.

欢迎收听《闹鬼的图书馆》。

Welcome to "The Haunted Library."

你是来找故事的吗？

Have you come in search of a tale?

这个播客邀请你在书架间浏览，找到那些离开后仍会久久萦绕心头的故事。

This podcast invites you to browse the shelves and find stories that will linger long after you've left this place.

从哥特式杰作到廉价的惊悚小说，和我科林·摩根一起，每周两次新集。

From gothic masterpieces to pulpy penny dreadfuls, join me, Colin Morgan, with new episodes twice a week.

无论你在哪里收听播客，都能找到《闹鬼的图书馆》。

Find "The Haunted Library" wherever you get your podcasts.