逃逸的黑洞与电影角色

ABC 收听。

ABC Listen.

你好。

Hello there.

我叫艾米莉，你正在收听《新闻时间》。

My name's Emily, and you're listening to Newstime.

嘿，艾米莉。

Hey, Emily.

也向《新闻时间》的传奇听众诺亚问好。

And hello to Newstime listener legend, Noah.

你好。

Hello.

我叫诺亚，住在塔文斯维尔，这里是鲁克巴和本德尔人的土地。

My name is Noah, and I live in Townsville in the land of all the Ruckeba and Bendel people.

如果你愿意

If you'd like

想成为像诺亚这样的传奇听众吗？请在播客末尾了解如何申请。

to be a listener legend like Noah, find out how to apply at the end of the podcast.

在今天的节目中，我们将深入外太空，追逐一个逃逸的黑洞。

On today's episode, we'll travel deep into outer space to go chasing a runaway black hole.

此外，我们还将结识顶尖的程序员、电影制作人，以及一些贪吃气体的微生物。

Plus, we'll meet expert coders, filmmakers, and some gas munching microbes.

你们准备好了吗？

Are you ready?

准备好了，意大利面。

Ready, spaghetti.

第五个故事。

Story number five.

包括大量澳大利亚原住民儿童在内的数百名合作者共同合作，打造了一部宏大而绚丽的巨制。

Hundreds of collaborators, including heaps of indigenous Australian children, have worked together to create one big, bright blockbuster.

在大多数大片制作中，都需要数百人通力合作才能完成最终作品。

On most big movies, it takes hundreds of people to work together to create the finished product.

想想你在电影片尾字幕里看到的那长长的名单吧。

Just think about the long list of names you've seen in the credits at the end of the movies.

你需要演员，需要导演，还需要摄制组。

You need your actors, you need a director, and you need a film crew.

是的。

Yep.

但对于电影《想象》来说，参与这部电影的人数比平常更多。

But for the movie Imagine, the list of people who helped with the film is longer than usual.

这是因为这部电影由杰克·曼宁·班克罗夫特制作，他是澳大利亚原住民辅导计划（AIM）的创始人。

That's because it was created by Jack Manning Bancroft, the founder of the Australian Indigenous Mentoring Experience known as AIM.

AIM在全国范围内与原住民儿童合作，帮助他们连接文化并大胆追梦。

AIM works with First Nations kids around the country to connect to culture and dream big.

当杰克开始拍摄这部电影时，他确保尽可能多地让AIM的孩子们参与进来，分享他们关于如何让电影更大胆、更明亮、更精彩的想法。

And when Jack started making this movie, he made sure that he got as many AIM children involved as possible, sharing their ideas on how to make the movie bold, bright, and exciting.

我认为最好能有多种不同的意见，这样你就能有几种选择，决定想拍什么样的电影。

I think it would be best if you had lots of different opinions because then you could, have a few options of what type of movie you wanted to make.

如果你只听电影制作者的想法，那它只会是一部短片。

And if you just listen to the movie maker's ideas, like, it'll just be a short movie.

电影《想象》是一部动画片，探讨了世界各地原住民知识体系之间的联系，因此将尽可能多的原住民理念融入电影中是顺理成章的。

The movie Imagine is an animated film that explores how indigenous knowledge systems around the world are connected, so it made sense to get as many indigenous ideas into the movie as possible.

现在，这些来自AIM的参与者能够看到自己的想法在大银幕上呈现，由专业艺术家和知名演员赋予生命。

Now these participants from AIM get to see their ideas represented on the big screen, brought to life by professional artists and famous actors.

我觉得他们真的非常兴奋，因为电影里有他们的创意。

I think they feel really, like, excited because it's their idea in the movie.

每个人都会看到这部影片。

Everybody will see it.

恭喜你们，小小电影制作人。

Congratulations, mini movie makers.

你们显然有一个非常出色的想法。

You've obviously had a very bright idea.

正因如此，这个想法才被放进电影里，干得漂亮。

That's why it's in the movie, so good job.

第四个故事。

Story number four.

你可能听说过，树木在保护我们的星球方面起着巨大的作用。

You've probably heard that trees are a big help when it comes to protecting our planet.

因为它们为所有鸟类和昆虫提供了家园。

Because they create homes for all the birds and insects.

它们通过树叶将污浊的空气转化为洁净的空气。

They make bad air into good air through their leaves.

如果没有树木，我们会面临严重的问题。

And without trees, we would have quite the problem.

是的。

Yep.

事实上，树木的用途不止于提供庇护和氧气。

Well, it turns out trees do more than just provide shelter and oxygen.

澳大利亚南十字星大学和莫纳什大学的科学家发现，某些树木树皮上存在一些微小生物，它们会吞噬有害的温室气体，并将其从大气中清除。

Scientists from Southern Cross and Monash Universities in Australia have learned that there are these little tiny creatures on the bark of some trees that are eating harmful greenhouse gases and taking them out of the atmosphere.

是的。

Yeah.

我读过一本关于这个的书。

I read a book about it.

它们是能捕获热量的气体。

They're gases that trap heat.

是的。

Yeah.

温室气体会在大气中积聚，使地球变暖。

Greenhouse gases can build up in the atmosphere and make the earth hotter.

这被称为全球变暖，是一个大问题。

It's called global warming, and it's a big problem.

树上的这些小生物叫做微生物，它们非常微小。

The little creatures on trees are called microbes, and they're super tiny.

只有用显微镜才能看到它们。

You'd only be able to see them using a microscope.

这些微生物以氢气、一氧化碳和甲烷等气体为食。

The microbes eat gases like hydrogen, carbon monoxide, and methane.

你猜怎么着？每棵树上的微生物都因树木生长地点的不同而有所差异。

And get this, the microbes found on each tree differ depending on where the tree is growing.

我觉得它们吃掉这些气体是好事，因为这样就能阻止这些气体释放到环境中。

I think it's good that they're eating the gases because they're then they're stopping them from being released into the environment.

鲍勃·朗是参与这项研究的研究人员之一。

Bob Lung is one of the researchers who worked on the study.

他说，每棵树的树皮中都含有数万亿个微生物细胞，但这些微生物的作用多年来一直被忽视。

He says that each tree has trillions of microbial cells in their bark, but the role of these microbes had been ignored for years.

终于，科学家们开始仔细研究，并逐渐认识到树木在维持环境健康方面所发挥的巨大作用。

Finally, scientists are taking a closer look and starting to better understand just how much work trees do to keep the environment healthy.

我认为他们应该去研究一下，如果情况非常糟糕，树木死亡后是否会释放出这些气体之类的东西。

I think they should try to find if it is super bad for it, and if it dies, it lets out the gases and stuff like that.

目前，更多研究正在进行中，科学家们认为这一发现可以帮助我们在决定在特定地区种植何种植物时做出更明智的选择。

Well, more research is being done, and the scientists think that this discovery could help us make smarter choices when deciding what sorts of plants to grow in particular places.

第三个故事。

Story number three.

太空服上的新闻侦探，因为这个故事，我们要进入黑洞的内部。

Spacesuits on news sleuths because for this story, we're heading into the belly of a black hole.

它们会把东西吸进去。

They suck things in.

比如，如果有什么东西或人进入其中，就再也出不来了。

Like, is is something or someone that gets into it, they can never come out.

我听说它们会把你变成意大利面，但不是那种你能吃的意大利面。

I heard that they turn you into a spaghetti, but not exactly the spaghetti you eat.

是的。

Yep.

黑洞是太空中巨大而致密的天体，它们的引力极强，任何靠近它的物体都可能被吸入并拉伸得极其细长，最终变成

Black holes are big dense bodies in outer space, and they have such a strong gravitational pull that anything that goes near one could get sucked in and stretched super thin so that they become

意大利面化。

spaghettified.

哇哦。

Woah.

但现在研究人员发现了一种新的现象——一个逃逸的黑洞。

But now researchers have discovered something new, a runaway black hole.

我觉得这是一个长了腿的黑洞，正试图逃离太空。

I think it's a black hole with legs, and it's trying to run away from outer space.

除了有腿这一点，你的想法其实差不多对了。

Aside from the legs bit, you're not far off.

事实证明，确实存在一种逃逸的黑洞，它不会固定在太空中的某个位置，而是以极快的速度穿越星系，沿途吞噬一切。

So it turns out there's such a thing as a runaway black hole, a black hole that doesn't stay in one spot in space, but instead zooms across galaxies, sucking things in as it goes.

我觉得我们真的应该进去看看里面到底有什么。

I think we all need to actually go inside one to see what's in side it.

科学家们还无法进入黑洞，甚至无法靠近它，但他们通过观察遥远星系中恒星的分布方式，做出了这一发现。

Scientists haven't been able to go inside one or get anywhere near one for that matter, but they've made this discovery by looking at how stars are arranged in distant galaxies.

科学家们预测，如果真存在逃逸的黑洞，它们在移动时会留下一串串恒星，就像面包屑留下的痕迹一样。

Scientists predicted that if such a thing as a runaway black hole were real, they'd leave strings of stars behind them as they went, sort of like a trail of crumbs.

科学家在深空中发现了异常笔直的恒星条纹，因此认为这可能是由一个逃逸的黑洞造成的。

Scientists have noticed oddly straight streaks of stars in deep space, so they think that a runaway black hole might be to blame.

地球会被吸入，永远消失。

Earth will get sucked up, gone forever.

太糟糕了。

Super bad.

我们不需要担心地球上会出现逃逸的黑洞。

We don't need to be worried about runaway black holes here on planet Earth.

它们只是有趣而引人入胜的知识，也提醒我们，太空中总有一些奇异而壮观的现象等待被发现。

They're just a fun, interesting thing to learn about and a good reminder that there's always something strange and spectacular waiting to be discovered in outer space.

第二个故事。

Story number two.

网站和应用程序是使用一种计算机能理解的特殊语言——代码——构建的。

Websites and apps are built using a special language that computers can understand called code.

代码中有许多不同的语言，能够编写或阅读这些语言被称为编程。

There's lots of different languages in code, and being able to write or read these languages is called coding.

编程曾经主要是大型科技公司的专业人士做的事情，但现在越来越多的孩子开始学习编程。

Coding used to be something that was mostly done by professionals in big tech companies, but now more and more kids are learning to code.

我觉得这会很有趣

I think it'll be fun

来构建

to build

网站，因为这样很多人会使用它，你有时还能给他们提供有用的信息。

websites because then a lot of people use it and you'll give good information to them sometimes.

内特·达马西里11岁时第一次学习编程。

Neth Darmasiri first learned to code when he was 11 years old.

他学习了一种叫Python的计算机语言，并喜欢用它来解决问题和创造东西。

He learned a computer language called Python and loved using it to solve problems and build things.

现在，内特17岁了，他仍在编程。

Now, Neff is 17 years old, and he's still coding.

他还在编写自己全新的编程语言。

He's also writing his own brand new coding language.

也许他认为这是一种非常有趣的技能。

Maybe he thinks it's a really interesting skill.

Neff认为编程是一项非常重要的技能，他希望澳大利亚和世界各地更多的孩子能够像他一样，有机会学习编程的原理。

Neff thinks that being able to code is a really important skill, and he wants more kids around Australia and the world to have the opportunity to learn how it all works just like he did.

Neff和他的朋友Chinmay发起了一项教授初学者编程的项目。

Neff and his friend Chinmay started a program that teaches coding to beginners.

他们首先在斯里兰卡推出了这个项目，那里许多孩子无法接触到高科技设备或高速Wi-Fi。

They launched it in the country Sri Lanka where many kids don't have access to high-tech or fast Wi Fi.

他们希望他们的项目也能覆盖农村和偏远地区的孩子。

They wanted their program to be available to kids in rural and remote areas too.

Neth相信，即使孩子网络缓慢或没有网络，也应有机会学习编程。

Neth believes that even if a child has slow or no Internet, they should still get the opportunity to learn to code.

如果你能编写一个应用程序或网站，你会创建什么？

If you could code an app or a website, what would you build?

我想做一个字典，或者帮助人们学习知识的东西，或者一个名字生成器。

I would like to make, like, a dictionary maybe or something that helps people learn about stuff or, like, a name generator.

我可能会做一个类似游戏站的东西，让你学习如何用特定的控制方式玩游戏。

I'll probably make a gaming station like thing where you learn how to play games with particular controls.

好主意。

Great ideas.

也许我们可以编一个新闻类视频游戏。

Maybe we could code a news time video game.

想象一下。

Imagine that.

现在到了

And now it's time for

哇。

Wow.

这是个假发。

It's a wig.

这个故事让我惊叹，因为我根本不知道花朵对蜜蜂能有这样的影响。

This story made me go wow because I didn't know flowers could do that to bees.

研究花朵、鸟类和蜜蜂的科学家们发现了一种他们称之为神奇的特性。

Scientists looking at flowers, birds, and bees have discovered a trait they're describing as magic.

你能猜出一朵神奇的花会是什么样子吗？

Can you guess what a magic flower might be like?

也许这意味着

Maybe it means

它们能再次开花之类的。

that they can rebloom or something like that.

如果它拥有某种力量，能让东西漂浮在空中，那颜色可能会是旋涡状的，花瓣围绕着花旋转。

If it, like, had powers that, like, made stuff float in the air, that color might be, like, swirplings, like the petals moving around the flower.

一朵能让东西漂浮的花？

A flower that could make stuff float?

真希望如此。

I wish.

这种神奇其实更平凡一些，是一种日常的小奇迹。

This magic is a little more ordinary, a bit of everyday magic.

科学家发现，花朵可以通过颜色来吸引不同的传粉者前来访问。

Scientists have discovered that flowers can use color to invite different pollinators to come visit them.

传粉者是那些从花朵上带走花粉，并在移动或飞行过程中将花粉撒到另一朵花上的动物和昆虫，从而使植物能够开花或结果。

Pollinators are animals and insects that take pollen from a flower and as they move or fly around, sprinkle that pollen onto another flower so that the plant can bloom or make fruit.

听起来非常聪明。

It sounds very clever.

我喜欢这一点。

I like that.

传粉是一项非常重要的工作，但并不是每种传粉者都适合每种植物。

Pollinating is a really important job, but not every pollinator is right for every plant.

有些花粉对蜜蜂来说太重了，所以这些任务更适合由鸟类来完成。

Some pollen might be too heavy for bees to carry, so those jobs are better left to birds.

有些花粉轻而小，非常适合搭上嗡嗡飞舞的蜜蜂的便车。

And some pollen is light and little, making it perfectly suited to hitch a ride on a buzzing bee.

也许是因为其中一种传粉者对花朵更温柔一些。

Maybe because one of them might be more gentle with the flower.

它们授粉的方式不一样。

Like, they pollinate in a different way.

没错。

Exactly.

如果你花时间在大自然中，你会注意到某些传粉者偏爱特定的花朵，而科学家们早就知道这一点了。

If you spend time in nature, you'll notice that certain pollinators prefer certain flowers, and scientists have known this for a long time too.

他们不确定的是，向日葵是如何让自己对蜜蜂几乎隐形，同时又对鸟类极具吸引力的。

What they weren't sure about was how sunflowers made themselves practically invisible to bees and made themselves very attractive to birds.

是的。

Yeah.

我觉得鸟类更喜欢红色的花。

I think the birds are more attracted to the red ones.

你说得对。

You're right.

鸟类确实更喜欢红色的花。

Birds do prefer red flowers.

但并不是任何红色的花都这样。

But it's not just any red flowers.

那些偏好鸟类访花的花朵反射的紫外线更少。

Flowers that prefer birds to visit them reflect less UV light.

这种变化我们人类的眼睛察觉不到，但这一点微小的改变让花朵在蜜蜂眼中显得暗淡无趣，却对鸟类来说格外明亮诱人。

It's not something we notice with our human eyes, but that little change makes them seem dull and boring to bees, but extra bright and inviting for birds.

我觉得那会是闪闪发亮的。

I think it would be, like, sparkly.

下次你在大自然中看到一朵大红花，如果你心里感叹‘真美啊’，那你可能正和一只饥饿的鸟有着同样的想法。

Next time you see a big red flower out in nature, if you think to yourself, gee, what a beauty, you might be having the same thoughts as a hungry bird.

如果你想了解更多关于这个话题的内容，可以收听《澳大利亚园艺青少年》播客。

If you wanna learn more about this topic, check out the Gardening Australia Junior podcast.

其中有一集叫《植物是如何获得颜色的》，另一集叫《为什么花朵形状各异？》。

There's an episode called How Do Plants Get Their Colors and another one called Why Are Flowers Different Shapes?

现在到了测验时间。

And it's quiz time.

让我们看看你记住了多少。

Let's see how much you remember.

第一个问题。

Question one.

孩子们帮助塑造的那部电影叫什么名字？

What's the name of the movie that the children helped shape?

它叫《想象》。

It's Imagine.

第二个问题。

Question two.

以M开头的词，指的是那些长在树上、吸收有害气体的小东西是什么？

What's the word starting with M for the little things on trees that are eating harmful gases?

哦，就在嘴边，就是想不起来。

Oh, it's on the tip of my tongue.

它们是微生物。

They're microbes.

第三个问题。

Question three.

什么是逃逸黑洞？

What is a runaway black hole?

一种在太空中移动的黑洞。

A black hole that travels through space.

第四个问题。

Question four.

Neff正在教人们做的、以字母C开头的是什么？

What's the thing starting with the letter c that Neff is teaching people to do?

嗯，这个问题有点难。

Well, that's a tricky one.

是编程。

It's coding.

第五个问题。

Question five.

这些主要是魔法的花是什么颜色的？

What color are these mostly magic flowers?

它们是红色的。

They're red.

好了，我们全部讲完了。

Well, that's us done and dusted.

如果你想成为《新闻时间》的听众传奇，请让你的大人前往ABC儿童收听网站上的《新闻时间》页面。

And if you'd like to be a News Time listener legend, ask your grown ups to head to the News Time page on the ABC Kids Listen website.

谢谢，艾米丽。

Thanks, Emily.

再见，艾米丽。

Bye, Emily.

我马上要去编写这个《新闻时间》视频游戏了。

I'm about to go code that News Time video game.

下次见。

Catch you next time.

News Time 是 ABC Kids Listen 的一个播客。

Newstime is an ABC Kids Listen podcast.

想收听其他精彩的播客、跟着音乐律动、或听睡前故事和配乐，请前往 ABC Listen 应用中的儿童专区。

For other awesome podcasts to play, music to move to, and stories and soundtracks for sleep, head to the Kids tab on the ABC Listen app.

在 App Store 上免费下载。

It's free from your App Store.