防晒葡萄与洪水逃生

ABC，听好了。

ABC listen.

你好。

Hi there.

我叫艾米丽，你正在收听《新闻时间》。

My name's Emily, and you're listening to Newstime.

你好，艾米丽。

Hello, Emily.

嗨，艾米丽。

Hi, Emily.

也向《新闻时间》的传奇听众利维问好。

And hello to Newstime listener legend, Levi.

嗨。

Hi.

我叫利维，今年七岁。

My name is Levi, and I'm seven years old.

我住在阿姆斯特朗克里克，这是瓦陶龙人土地。

I live in Armstrong Creek, the lands of the Wathaurung people.

嗨，艾米丽。

Hi, Emily.

最好的新闻就是你的新闻。

The best news is your news.

谢谢你们让我们的星期五变得最棒。

Thanks for making our Fridays the best.

是的。

Yeah.

如果你想成为像利维那样的听众传奇，请在播客末尾了解如何申请。

If you'd like to be a listener legend like Levi, find out how to apply at the end of the podcast.

但在那之前，我们要探索五个精彩的故事。

But before we get there, we have five fantastic stories to explore.

我们会了解到澳大利亚葡萄如何防晒，还会认识一位名叫布鲁斯的人，他偶然发现了一块化石。

We'll hear how Australian grapes are staying sun safe, and we'll meet a man named Bruce who stumbled upon a fossil.

此外，我们还将听到本周的惊人故事，这个故事保证让你惊叹不已。

Plus, we'll hear our wow of the week, a story guaranteed to make you say wow.

好的。

Alright.

你准备好了吗？

Are you ready?

我等不及了。

I can't wait.

第五个故事。

Story number five.

最近，新南威尔士州中部的气温持续飙升，达到约45摄氏度。

Temperatures in Central New South Wales have been soaring lately, reaching around 45 degrees Celsius.

这也太热了。

That's so hot.

在炎热的日子里，你是怎么保持凉爽的？

How do you keep cool on hot days?

再加点冰。

A bit more with ice in it.

去海滩。

Go to a beach.

是的。

Yeah.

在炎热的日子里，我喜欢在海里游泳。

I love swimming in the ocean on a hot day.

我们通常能躲避酷热，但对于农民来说，保护他们的家禽以及水果和蔬菜却非常困难。

Often, we're able to seek shelter from the heat, but for farmers, it can be really tough protecting their livestock like chickens and also their fruit and vegetables.

鸡也可以去海滩。

The chickens could go to a beach too.

动物可以对着另一只动物撒尿。

The animals can pee on another animal.

我不太清楚这个。

I don't know about that one.

他们可以装个喷头，给食物和这些东西浇水。

They could just put, like, a sprinkler and then water all the food and stuff.

是的。

Yeah.

这是个很好的建议，实际上农民们已经在这么做了。

That's a great suggestion and one the farmers have actually been doing.

一位散养鸡蛋农场主一直在用水管冲洗鸡舍和遮阳网，帮助他的鸡应对高温。

A free range egg farmer has been hosing down the shed and shade cloth to help his chickens cope in the heat.

很清爽。

Refreshing.

感觉会很好，因为它们可能非常热。

It would feel good because they would probably be really hot.

而对于种植葡萄的农民来说，他们正在使用一种你可能特别熟悉的技巧——把可靠的‘遮、涂、戴’直接用在葡萄上。

And for farmers who grow grapes, they're protecting their produce by whipping out a technique you might be extra familiar with, the trusty slip, slop, slap right onto their grapes.

真奇怪。

Weird.

莎莎酱味道不太好。

Salsa doesn't taste very good.

确实不好吃，但我相信一旦被洗掉，你就尝不出味道了。

It certainly doesn't, but I'm sure you wouldn't be able to taste it once it's been washed off.

农民们正在使用一种由黏土制成的特殊防晒霜。

Farmers are using a special kind of sunscreen, one that's made from clay.

他们将其涂抹在葡萄和藤蔓上，它能像镜子一样反射阳光中的红外线和紫外线。

They've applied it to the grapes and vines, and it acts a little bit like a mirror, reflecting the infrared and ultraviolet rays from the sun.

这有助于保持温度适宜。

It helps keep the temperatures nice and low.

当天气极端时，对农民来说会非常有压力，因为这使得保持动物和农产品健康变得更加困难。

It can be really stressful for farmers when the weather is extreme because it makes it harder to keep their animals and produce healthy.

这样它们才能活下去。

So they can live.

农民们可以把东西卖给商店，赚些钱之类的。

The farmers can sell stuff at shops and get some money and stuff

这样他们就能吃上食物并健康成长。

so that they can eat the food and that they grow.

没错。

That's right.

事实上，我们都依赖农民来保证我们的饮食和健康。

In fact, we all rely on farmers to keep us fed and healthy.

希望更凉爽的天气能尽快到来。

Hopefully, some cooler weather is coming their way.

第四个故事。

Story number four.

一群原住民和托雷斯海峡岛民的孩子刚刚结束了一次精彩的海外旅行。

A group of Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander kids have just returned from an awesome overseas excursion.

来自新南威尔士州科夫斯港的Mamngingana Gambangur小学的学生们访问了奥特亚罗瓦（即新西兰），学习了原住民的语言、文化和历史。

The primary school students from Mamngingana Gambangur in Coffs Harbour, New South Wales visited Aotearoa, also known as New Zealand, where they learned about indigenous language, culture, and history.

这次旅行让他们有机会参加怀唐伊日的庆祝活动，并与就读于毛利语沉浸式学校的学生们会面。

The trip was an opportunity to join Waitangi Day celebrations and meet students who attend a Maori immersion school.

毛利人是奥特亚罗瓦的原住民，沉浸式学校意味着所有课程都用毛利语授课，而不是英语。

The Maori are the indigenous peoples of Aotearoa, and an immersion school means all subjects are taught in Maori language, not English.

所以他们可以学习关于自己文化的知识。

So they can learn stuff about their culture.

目前，马姆金加纳甘班古尔的学生有一些课程用甘班古语授课，但学校正在向全面沉浸式教学过渡。

At the moment, students from Mam Gingana Gambange have some subjects taught in Gambange language, but the school is transitioning to full immersion too.

这意味着所有课程都将用这种语言授课。

That means all classes will be taught in language.

甘班古语是澳大利亚各地使用的众多原住民语言之一。

Gumbanga is one of the many aboriginal languages spoken across Australia.

并不是所有这些语言现在还在被使用。

Not all of them are actually spoken anymore.

我觉得现在只剩下大概几种了，而以前的数量是现在的两倍。

I think only, like, a few a few are still around, and there used to be, like, double that.

是的。

Yeah.

全国有超过250种原住民语言和800种方言。

There are more than 250 indigenous languages and 800 dialects across the country.

教授语言有助于保持其活力。

Teaching language helps to keep it strong.

所以如果是原住民，他们就能学习自己家人所说的语言。

So if they're aboriginal, they can learn they can learn the language that their family speaks.

澳大利亚被殖民时，许多原住民被迫学习英语并停止使用自己的母语。

When Australia was colonized, many indigenous people were forced to learn English and stop speaking their native languages.

但沉浸式学校让语言得以继续传承，并教导孩子们了解他们的文化遗产。

But immersion schools allow language to keep being spoken and teach children about their heritage.

当马姆金加纳甘巴纳的孩子们在奥特亚罗瓦时，他们还参加了怀唐伊日的庆祝活动，这一天是为了纪念1840年《怀唐伊条约》的签署，该条约被视为奥特亚罗瓦的建国文件。

While the Mam Gingana Gambanga kids were in Aotearoa, they also joined Waitangi Day celebrations, a day to acknowledge the signing of the Treaty of Waitangi in 1840, which is considered Aotearoa's founding document.

学生们得以了解该条约如何支持毛利人主导的教育，同时也了解到毛利人至今仍面临的持续挑战。

The students were able to see how the treaty has supported Maori led education and also learn about the ongoing challenges the Maori people still face.

第三个故事。

Story number three.

在布里斯班内城区阿尔比恩建造房屋和道路之前，那里曾有一个满是砂岩的采石场。

Before houses and roads were built in Brisbane's inner suburb of Albion, it used to have a quarry full of sandstone rocks.

这里是人们探索的绝佳地点，尤其是对当地布鲁斯·鲁尼格来说。

It was the perfect place for people to explore, especially for local Bruce Runiger.

很多年前，1958年，布鲁斯还在上高中时，他去采石场游玩时发现了一块化石。

Many years ago, in 1958, when Bruce was in high school, he was visiting the quarry when he discovered a fossil.

通常已经干燥的古老文物可能会破损、脆弱，但能告诉我们过去的故事。

An old artifact that's normally a bit dried out can be pretty broken, fragile, and tells us about the past.

把化石想象成一块古老的骨头。

Think of fossils like an old bone.

是的。

Yeah.

化石是曾经存在的生物的遗体或痕迹的保存形式。

Fossils are the preserved remains or traces of remains of once living things.

它们可以是骨骼、印痕，或是动植物的痕迹。

They can be bones, impressions, or traces of an animal or plant.

布鲁斯发现的这个化石是一个恐龙脚印，据信有大约2.3亿年的历史。

The fossil Bruce found is a dinosaur footprint and is believed to be about 230,000,000 years old.

非常古老。

Pretty ancient.

布鲁斯后来成为了一名古生物学教授。

Bruce actually went on to become a professor in paleontology.

大概是个找化石的人。

Probably a guy who finds fossil.

研究化石吗？

Studies fossils?

是的。

Yeah.

古生物学家就是研究化石的人。

A paleontologist is someone who studies fossils.

布鲁斯在过去六十年里一直从事教学和研究工作，这期间他一直随身携带并给学生们展示他早在1958年发现的恐龙脚印化石。

Bruce has been working and teaching for the past sixty years, and all this time, he's been carrying around and showing students the fossilized dino footprint he found all the way back in 1958.

因为他喜欢做这类事情。

Because he liked doing that stuff.

因为他的学生可能会觉得这很酷之类的。

Because they because his students might think it's, like, cool and stuff.

2021年，布鲁斯联系了昆士兰大学恐龙实验室的古生物学家安东尼·罗米利奥，想弄清楚这枚脚印是哪种恐龙留下的。

In 2021, Bruce decided to reach out to a colleague, paleontologist Anthony Romilio from the University of Queensland's Dinosaur Lab to find out what species of dinosaur left this footprint.

两人确定这枚脚印来自一种名为蜥脚型恐龙的恐龙。

The two determined that the footprint came from a type of dinosaur called the sauropodomorph.

它体重大约144公斤。

It would have been about 144.

这大约相当于一只熊猫的重量，而且它时速可达60公里。

That's about as heavy as a panda, and it could have run up to 60 kilometers per hour.

这和老虎的速度一样快。

That's as fast as a tiger.

罗米利奥博士使用软件制作了这块化石的三维地图，并还原了这种恐龙的外观图像。

Doctor Ramilio used a software to create a three-dimensional map of the fossil and a picture of what the dinosaur would have looked like.

身上有很多鳞片。

Got a lot of scales.

它很长，身体中部很粗，两端则较短。

It's pretty long, and it it's pretty big in the middle of its body and short at the end and at the start.

条纹看起来像老虎。

Stripes look like a tiger.

它看起来像食蚁兽。

It looks like an anteater.

但他们是怎么知道那是脚印的呢？你根本看不到它的脚。

But then how did they know that it was the footprint because you can't even see its feet?

可能不是真的，因为他们怎么可能在百万年前拍下这样的照片？

Probably not real because how can they take a picture like million BC years ago?

你说得对。

You're right.

这并不是恐龙的真实照片，但我之前提到的软件是基于多年的研究和数据来生成这个图像的。

It's not a real picture of the actual dinosaur, but the software I was talking about uses years of research and information to create the image.

这种恐龙生活在卡尼期，大约距今2.3亿年前，这使其成为澳大利亚已知最古老的足迹化石。

The dinosaur would have lived in the Carnian period, some 230,000,000 years ago, which would make it the oldest known footprint fossil in Australia.

布鲁斯·鲁尼格教授认为，布里斯班周边可能还隐藏着更多化石，因此也许我们都该戴上古生物学家的帽子，去进行一次小小的搜寻。

Professor Bruce Runiger believes there may be more fossils hiding around Brisbane, so maybe we all need to put our paleontologist caps on and go for a little search.

这绝对需要花费好几年的时间。

It would take absolutely years.

我可能根本找不到任何犬齿，别说找到了。

I I probably wouldn't find any fangs, say no.

布鲁斯随后将这块化石捐赠给了昆士兰博物馆，以便用于研究和教育。

Bruce has since donated the fossil to the Queensland Museum so it can be used for research and education.

干得好，布鲁斯。

Good on you, Bruce.

第二个故事。

Story number two.

当洪水威胁社区时，人们通常需要被疏散到安全地带。

When floods threaten communities, people often have to be evacuated to safety.

大量的水四处流动。

A lot of water goes around everywhere.

水位上涨得如此之高，甚至能淹没街道，情况十分严重。

And the water comes up so much that it can actually cover the streets, and it's pretty devastating.

是的。

Yeah.

最近在偏远的北领地社区戴利河——也称纳尤——就发生了这种情况。

That's what happened recently in the remote Northern Territory community, Daly River, also known as Nayu.

不幸的是，当人们必须匆忙撤离家园时，有时无法带上他们的宠物。

Unfortunately, when people have to leave their homes in a hurry, sometimes they can't take their pets with them.

英格丽德·施雷纳和她的家人住在戴利河郊外，深知定期洪水疏散带来的压力。

Ingrid Shreiner and her family live just outside Daly River and know how stressful regular flood evacuations can be.

她特别担心那些可能被遗弃的动物。

She felt especially concerned for the animals that may be left behind.

因为他们对动物充满同情心。

Because they have empathy for the animals.

几乎没有青蛙的毒牙。

Barely ring fangs toad.

在疏散通知发布之前，英格丽德和她的孩子们开车前往达尔文，采购额外的物资，比如狗粮和建筑设备，以便搭建应急狗舍。

Before the evacuation was announced, Ingrid and her children drove to Darwin to pick up extra supplies, like dog food and construction equipment so they could build emergency kennels.

英格丽德的伴侣约翰负责建造狗舍，而其他人则开车前往达利河接回动物。

Ingrid's partner, John, built kennels while the others drove to Daly River to pick up the animals.

道路已经非常难行，因此他们得到了警察的帮助，以确保安全。

The roads were already difficult to drive on, so they had police help them to make sure they were safe.

他们最终救出了10只狗，还有一只小猫在他们即将离开时主动靠近了他们。

They ended up rescuing 10 dogs as well as a little cat that approached them just as they were leaving.

然后，他们把所有动物带回了家。

They then took all the animals back to their house.

他们感觉很好。

They felt good.

他们可能感觉更好了，但至少他们不是在空无一人的房子里。

They probably felt better, but they weren't inside a house with no one.

英格丽德和她的家人所做的一切非同寻常，帮助了大量动物。

What Ingrid and her family did was extraordinary, and it helped a lot of animals.

但远离洪水并听从警察和其他当局的官方指示非常重要。

But it's important to stay away from floods and listen to official directions from police and other authorities.

洪水非常危险。

Floods are very dangerous.

英格丽德和她的家人在警察的帮助下获得了进行救援的许可。

Ingrid and her family had permission to carry out their rescues with the help of police.

现在到了

And now it's time for

本周精彩瞬间。

Wow of the week.

这个故事让我惊叹，因为我从没想过会有人自己建立一个国家。

This story made me go wow because I never thought someone would make their own country.

丹尼尔·杰克逊不是普通的21岁青年。

Daniel Jackson isn't your usual 21 year old.

这位年轻的澳大利亚人已在欧洲创建了自己的国家，并自封为该国总统。

The young Australian has created his own country in Europe and has named himself as the country's president.

我太酷了。

I'm very cool.

我也想这么做。

I wanna do that.

他可能得花很多钱。

He's probably gonna have to spend a lot of money.

我不知道他会给它取什么名字。

I wonder what he would call it.

这个国家叫韦尔德斯，位于多瑙河上一块未被主张的领土上，夹在克罗地亚和塞尔维亚之间。

It's called Verdes, and the country is sandwiched between Croatia and Serbia on a piece of unclaimed land on the Danube River.

这个国家非常小，面积只有半平方公里。

The country is very small at just half a square kilometer in size.

这大约相当于50个足球场那么大。

That's as big as about 50 soccer fields.

这被称为微型国家。

It's called a micronation.

一个小国家？

A small nation?

一个小国。

A small country.

丹尼尔在14岁时发现那片土地无人居住，于是发明了这个国家。

Daniel invented the country when he was only 14 years old after he realized the land was uninhabited.

克罗地亚和塞尔维亚都不想要它。

Neither Croatia or Serbia wanted it.

这最初只是他和朋友们的一个玩笑，但现在丹尼尔说这已经是他的全职工作了。

It actually started as a joke with his mates, but now Daniel says it's his full time job.

这个国家有100名公民，称为韦尔迪奇安人。

The country has 100 citizens called Verdiceans.

它有自己的国旗和护照，而且作为一个新国家，它有自己的规则。

It has its own flag and passports, and as it's a new country, it has its own rules.

如果你建立一个国家，你会制定什么规则？

If you made a country, what rules would you create?

我不知道。

I don't know.

我可能会建很多水上乐园在里面。

I would probably put, like, a bunch of water parks in it

还有其他东西。

and stuff.

一大堆运动场。

Heaps of sports fields.

里面什么都不放，只放我。

Put nothing in it except for me.

运动场、水上乐园，还有隔离。

Sports fields, water parks, and isolation.

这听起来还挺酷的。

That actually sounds cool.

然而，创建一个国家比丹尼尔最初想象的要困难得多。

However, creating a country has been a little more difficult than Daniel first imagined.

他不得不建立一个完整的政府。

He had to create an entire government.

所以现在这个国家有了外交部长和内政主管。

So now the country has a foreign minister and an internal affairs manager.

它甚至在英国和塞尔维亚设有两个办公室，由志愿者在那里工作。

It even has two offices based in The UK and Serbia with volunteers working there.

现在丹尼尔正在呼吁其他国家和政府正式承认维尓图斯。

Now Daniel is calling for other countries and governments to officially recognize Virtus.

你会搬到一个微型国家吗？

So would you move to a micronation?

我不知道。

I don't know.

也许如果那个拥有它的人还不错的话。

Maybe if, like, the guy who owns it is, like, good.

我认为他建立微型国家的想法很核心。

I think his idea of making a micronation is core.

丹尼尔表示，越来越多的人加入这个国家，他非常有信心它将很快获得国际承认。

Daniel says more people are joining the nation, and he's pretty positive it will be internationally recognized very soon.

他热衷于组建一支运动队，甚至可能参加未来的欧洲歌唱大赛。

He's keen for a sports team and maybe even participation in future Eurovision song contests.

现在是问答时间。

And it's quiz time.

让我们看看你记得多少。

Let's see how much you remember.

第一个问题。

Question one.

葡萄种植者在葡萄上涂抹什么来防晒？

What are the grape growers putting on their grapes to protect them from the sun?

防晒霜。

Sunscreen.

问题二。

Question two.

学生们去了哪个国家？

What country did the school kids travel to?

奥特亚罗瓦或新西兰。

Aotearoa or New Zealand.

问题三。

Question three.

化石足迹属于哪种恐龙？

What type of dinosaur did the fossilized footprint belong to?

一种蜥脚类恐龙。

A sauropotomorph.

问题四。

Question four.

英格丽德和她的孩子们从戴利河救出了多少只动物？

How many animals did Ingrid and her children save from Daly River?

10只狗和一只猫。

10 dogs and one cat.

第五题。

Question five.

这个微型国家叫什么名字？

What is the name of the micronation?

它叫韦尔杜斯。

It's Verdus.

以上就是本周《新闻时间》的全部内容。

And that's a wrap for this week's NewsTime.

如果你想成为《新闻时间》的传奇听众，请让大人前往ABC儿童收听网站上的《新闻时间》页面。

If you'd like to be a NewsTime listener legend, ask your grown ups to head to the NewsTime page on the ABC Kids Listen website.

谢谢，艾米丽。

Thanks, Emily.

再见。

Bye.

下次再聊。

Catch you next time.

好吧，我要去找些化石了。

Well, I'm off to go look for some fossils.

下次见。

See you next time.

《新闻时间》是ABC儿童收听频道的播客。

News Time is an ABC Kids Listen podcast.

想收听其他精彩的播客、跟着音乐律动、或寻找睡前故事与音轨，请前往ABC收听应用中的儿童专区。

For other awesome podcasts to play, music to move to, and stories and soundtracks for sleep, head to the Kids tab on the ABC Listen app.

在应用商店免费下载。

It's free from your App Store.