AEE 2576：林赛在西班牙阶梯上的语言冒险

这是All Ears English播客第2576期。

This is an All Ears English Podcast episode twenty five seventy six.

Lindsay在西班牙阶梯上的语言冒险。

Lindsay's language adventure on the Spanish Steps.

欢迎收听All Ears English播客，已有超过两亿次下载。

Welcome to the All Ears English Podcast downloaded more than 200,000,000 times.

你是否觉得自己的英语进步停滞了？

Are you feeling stuck with your English?

我们将教你如何通过关注交流而非完美，变得自信而流利。

We'll show you how to become fearless and fluent by focusing on connection, not perfection.

由你们的美国主持人Lindsay McMahon（英语冒险家）和Michelle Kaplan（纽约电台女孩）为您带来，她们分别来自科罗拉多州和纽约市，美国。

With your American hosts, Lindsay McMahon, the English adventurer, and Michelle Kaplan, the New York radio girl, coming to you from Colorado and New York City, USA.

如需每周通过电子邮件接收文字稿，请访问allearsenglish.com/subscribe。

And to get your transcripts delivered by email every week, go to allearsenglish.com forward slash subscribe.

今天，让我们来看看一位意大利警察对Lindsay说了什么，以及为什么这句话是略微不正确的英语。

Today, let's find out what a cop said to Lindsay in Italy and why this was slightly incorrect English.

今天仔细听，提升你的语法和词汇。

Listen in to fine tune your grammar and vocabulary today.

你有没有过从会议中走出来，心想：我本可以说得更好的？

Have you ever walked out of a meeting thinking I could have said that better?

你什么都听懂了，但你的回应却简短、模糊，或者不像你自己。

You understood everything but your response came out short or unclear or not quite like you.

也许你的想法很有力量，但你的英语还没能体现出来。

Maybe your ideas are strong but your English doesn't show it yet.

你会忘记那些你本来知道的单词。

You forget words you know.

你无法自然流畅地表达，快速的对话让你默默追赶。

You can't explain things naturally and fast conversations leave you quietly catching up.

这种差距可能让人沮丧，但它非常具体，也完全可以解决。

That gap can be frustrating, but it's also very specific and very fixable.

我们的两分钟流利度测试能帮你了解这种差距在哪里，以及你的水平是B1、B2还是C1。

Our two minute fluency quiz helps you understand where that gap is and whether your level is b one, b two, or c one.

当你了解自己的水平时，进步会感觉更轻松、更快。

When you know your level, progress feels lighter and faster.

现在就去 allearsenglish.com/fluencyscore 参加测验，离用你思考的方式说英语更近一步。

Take the quiz now at allearsenglish.com/fluencyscore and move closer to speaking English the way you think.

再提醒一次，前往 allearsenglish.com/fluencyscore。

One more time, go to allearsenglish.com/fluencyscore.

嘿，林赛。

Hey, Lindsay.

你怎么样？

How are you?

嘿，米歇尔。

Hey, Michelle.

很高兴能来。

Glad to be here.

你怎么样？

How are you?

最近怎么样？

How's it going?

我挺好的。

I'm doing well.

你最近去了一趟意大利。

So you recently went to Italy.

我只是有点好奇。

And I'm just I'm just curious.

在意大利，你最喜欢去的地方是哪里？

Where's your favorite place in Italy to visit?

大概是罗马吧，这是我最喜欢的城市，因为在我看来，它是最有真实感的旅游城市，这么说吧。

Probably Rome is my favorite city in Italy just because it feels like the most authentic city to me in terms of touristy cities, let's say.

我相信一定有一些小镇里的梦幻城市我会特别喜欢。

I'm sure there's some dreamy city in some small town that I would love.

是的。

Yeah.

但罗马真的很酷，你知道吗，你可能只是坐城市公交、打个优步，或者步行，也许正赶着去上班，一转左，眼前就是这些古老的废墟，就在城市中央。

But Rome is really cool because, you know, you're just you're taking, like, a city bus or you're just taking an Uber or something or you're walking, maybe you're on your way to work and you turn left and there's these ancient ruins right there in the middle of the city.

太不可思议了。

It's wild.

是的。

Yeah.

我也超爱罗马。

I I love Rome too.

我真的超爱。

I really do.

我参观罗马时，最让我惊叹的地方之一就是西班牙阶梯，美得让我难以置信。

And one of my favorite places that when I visited Rome, I couldn't believe how beautiful the Spanish steps were.

是啊。

Like Yeah.

我当时就在那儿，一待就是一整天。

I I was just I could have been there all day.

这非常惬意，尤其是在晚上，美极了。

It's so nice, especially in the evening, and it was gorgeous.

我们去的时候人非常多。

When we were there, it was really crowded.

我不瞒你说。

I'm not gonna lie.

是的。

Yeah.

圣诞节和新年之间的那一周，有很多人在度假。

A lot of a lot of people on vacation in the week between Christmas and New Year's.

对吧？

Right?

所以我们经常身处人群之中，这可不是我最喜欢的事，但西班牙阶梯确实很美，我们就停下来，直接坐在台阶上休息。

And so we were around crowds a lot, which is not my favorite thing, but I still the Spanish Steps are beautiful, and we just took a break, and we sat down right on the steps.

对吧？

Right?

嗯嗯。

Mhmm.

所以我们坐在那里大约十分钟，你知道的，还有很多其他游客也坐在台阶上或台阶旁的小水泥块上。

So we're sitting there for about ten minutes, you know, and a lot of other tourists were also sitting on the steps or sitting on the little blocks of cement next to the steps.

所以看起来这么做是可以接受的。

So it seemed like an okay thing to do.

我们以为我们没问题。

We thought we were okay.

我们是疲惫的游客。

We were tired tourists.

你知道的？

You know?

这种

That kind

事情，决定在哪里

of thing deciding where to

接下来去哪儿。

go next.

然后一个警察走过来对我们说，这是不可能的。

And then a, a cop a policeman came up to us and said, it's not possible.

对吧？

Right?

所以，米歇尔，当他这么说‘不可能’，然后比划着让我们站起来、走开，或者至少别坐在这儿的时候，你脑子里第一反应是什么？

So, Michelle, what comes to your mind when you so he said it's not possible, and then he kinda gestured for us to move to stand up and kind of walk away or just stand up, to not sit there.

当你想象这个场景时，你第一反应是什么？

What comes to your mind when you imagine this scenario?

就是有点困惑和尴尬，因为是的。

Like, like, kinda confusion and awkwardness because Yeah.

不可能。

It's not possible.

就是不可能，你知道的，我想我们本来会说‘你不能坐这儿’或者‘你不允许坐这儿’之类的，而不是简单地说‘不可能’。

It's it's just it's not it you know, where I guess what we would have said is something you can't sit here or you're not able to sit here, something like that rather than just it's not possible.

是的。

Yeah.

我想说，我真的坐在台阶上，没人来打扰我。

I will say, I really think I sat on the steps and no one bothered me.

我不知道。

I don't know.

也许情况已经变了。

Maybe things have changed.

也许是因为当时太忙太拥挤了，或者我也不知道。

Maybe because it was so busy and so crowded or I who knows?

也许我错了。

Maybe I'm wrong.

是的。

Yeah.

因为我在那里拍了一些很棒的照片。

Because I got some nice pictures there.

总之，是的。

Anyway Yeah.

但是，不过，是的。

But I But Yeah.

是的。

Yeah.

是的。

Yeah.

你觉得那有点尴尬吗？

Did it feel like a little awkward for you?

我对语言非常感兴趣。

And I'm really interested in language.

我觉得关键是，我们明白了，然后就站起来走开了。

And I think the thing is, like, we understood, and we got up, and we walked away.

当然。

Sure.

对吧？

Right?

我们的意思明白了。

Like, we got it.

没问题。

No problem.

但因为呢，你和我，我们是语言学家。

But because we're, you know, you and I, we're we're linguists here.

我们热爱研究语言，确保我们的听众能以最清晰准确的方式表达。

We love looking at language and making sure our listeners are speaking really accurately in the most clear way possible.

我们今天想专门讲讲这个微小的错误，让它彻底清楚。

We wanna do today's episode on this tiny, tiny mistake just so it's really clear.

你知道的？

You know?

因为我感觉这又是从意大利语来的错误翻译，对吧？

Because I have a feeling this is another false friend translation, right, from Italian.

所以我和伴侣一说完，刚一

So the first thing my partner and I said to each other, as soon

站起来就

as we got up and

走开，我们俩忍不住笑了起来。

walked away, we kinda chuckled a little.

我们说，其实这是可能的，因为我们刚刚就做到了。

We said, actually, it is possible because we were just doing it.

我们当时只是坐着，这在物理上是完全可能的

We were just sitting It is physically possible

坐在

to sit on

台阶上。

the steps.

对吧？

Right?

是的。

Yes.

这就是所谓的‘是’的意思。

That's what that's what's in yes.

这就是为什么它如此如此。

That's why it's so Yeah.

很有趣，因为某件事是可能的，就像在问：它能被做到吗？

Interesting because, yeah, something being possible, it's like, can it be done?

它不能，是被允许的吗？

It can not is it allowed?

这其中有区别。

There's a difference.

没错。

Exactly.

没错。

Exactly.

所以，再问一次，如果我们不是在从意大利语翻译，或者如果我们想说得更准确一点，警察本该对我们说什么？

So, again, what should the cop have said to us if we were not maybe not translating from Italian or if we wanna say it exactly correctly, what could we have said?

他可以直接说，这里不能坐。

He could have just said, you can't sit here.

对。

Right.

没错。

Exactly.

是的。

Yeah.

或者如果

Or if

如果你想提升一下表达，听起来更专业一些，你可以说，此处禁止就座。

you wanna elevate that a little bit and sound more professional, you could say, it's not permitted to sit here.

这样使用了被动语态，让我们和警察之间保持了一点距离。

So puts that more in the passive voice, puts a little distance between us and the cop.

对吧？

Right?

嗯嗯。

Mhmm.

但说‘不可能’其实是错误的，微妙地错了，因为这当然是可能的。

But saying it's not possible is actually incorrect, subtly incorrect, because of course it is possible.

我们刚才就坐了十分钟。

We were just doing it for ten minutes.

对吧？

Right?

好的。

Okay.

但这让我想起了我们以前讨论过的话题，我可以去洗手间还是我能否去洗手间？

But this reminds me of the whole, we've talked about this before, the can I go to the bathroom or may I go to the bathroom?

哦，是的。

Oh, yeah.

对吧？

Right?

我觉得我们以前聊过这个。

I think we've talked about this before.

你知道孩子们总是说，哦，我能去洗手间吗？

You know how kids, they always say, oh, can I go to the bathroom?

哦，我不知道。

Oh, I don't know.

你能吗？

Can you?

对吧？

Right?

当大人希望他们说‘我可以去洗手间吗？’时，即使我觉得这很荒谬，因为我觉得说‘我能去洗手间吗？’在对话中很正常，不管怎样？

And when adults want them to say may I, even though I think that's ridiculous because I think it's just conversational to say can I, anyway?

我觉得我小时候经常听到这种纠正。

I feel like when I was a kid, I heard that snap back.

有些大人在孩子这么问的时候会纠正他们，我当时真不明白。

Some adults would snap back to kids when they would ask and I didn't get it.

比如我不懂为什么大人们要这么说。

Like I didn't know why the adults were saying that.

对。

Right.

因为你说的是我，但现在我当然明白了。

It's because you mean me, but I get it now obviously.

对。

Right.

林赛，让我告诉你。

Lindsay, let me tell you.

不。

No.

但各位，这是因为‘can’表示能力。

But guys, so it's because can is about ability.

所以这和如果某事是可能的，那当然是一样的道理，

So it's the same idea as, if something's possible, well, yeah,

就是‘可以’。

it's Yeah.

这是可能的。

It's possible.

我正在做这件事。

I'm doing that.

对吧？

Right?

是的。

Yeah.

但是

But

但与此同时，别被这个误导了，朋友们，因为我会经常去餐厅点餐。

at the same time, don't let that throw you off, guys, because we do you you know, I go to a restaurant and I order all the time.

你知道的，我可以要mac and cheese吗？

I you know, can I have mac and cheese?

对吧？

Right?

哦，是的。

Oh, yeah.

这就是为什么我觉得，尤其是针对孩子挑这个毛病，简直太荒谬了。

Well, that's why I think it that's why I think it was so, like, ridiculous to, you know, to pick on especially to pick on kids about that.

这就像是，我可以，你知道的？

It'd be like, may I you know?

我觉得‘我可以’这种说法有点过时了。

I I feel like may I is just kinda antiquated.

我同意。

I agree.

嗯。

Mhmm.

是的。

Yeah.

所以我只是觉得，这简直是在无事生非，挑毛病挑得毫无道理。

So I I just like this is it's like, I don't know, really picking So at nothing.

毫无道理。

Nothing.

所以，不管怎样，这事儿咱们改天再聊吧。

So this is Anyway, but that's a whole conversation for another day.

嗯。

Mhmm.

各位，我们还想提醒一下，我们有一个很棒的应用程序，已在安卓平台上线。

Guys, we also wanna remind you that we have an excellent app that is available on Android.

对吧，林赛？

Right, Lindsay?

是的，它已经在安卓平台上推出了。

It is it is available on Android.

所以，各位，我们的应用已经在Android上架了，我想特别感谢一些在Android上给我们应用留下评价的听众。

So, guys, our app is on Android, and I wanna call out some listeners who reviewed our app in the Android.

感谢我们的听众Ritik Roshan。

Thank you to our listener, Ritik Roshan.

感谢Peter Sarak。

Thank you to Peter Sarak.

感谢Ali Ishag。

Thank you to Ali Ishag.

感谢Mayid Osaini、Jasan Sidhu和Mayra Warmelinger Lemez。

Thank you to Mayid Osaini, Jasan Sidhu, Mayra Warmelinger Lemez.

各位，你们都给我们留下了非常棒的评价。

Guys, you all left us some amazing reviews.

我们非常感谢你们的评价。

We super appreciate your reviews.

所以，如果你是我们的应用用户，欢迎来告诉我们你对这个节目的看法。

So come on over if you are an app user, and let us know what you think of the show.

或者即使你只是在苹果或Spotify上收听的听众，也请给我们评分和评论。

Or even if you're just a listener on Apple or Spotify, leave us a rating and review.

告诉我们你对我们节目的看法。

Tell us what you think of our show.

好吗？

Alright?

当然。

Absolutely.

是的。

Yes.

非常感谢。

Thank you so much.

是的。

Yes.

所以，是这样的。

So, yeah.

所以我们今天要更深入地探讨这个话题。

So we're gonna we're gonna get more into this today.

是的。

Yeah.

再者，也许你会意识到，哦，我曾经说过这是不可能的。

Again, maybe maybe you realize, oh, I've said it's not possible.

对吧？

Right?

我们要聊聊一些更自然的表达方式，来说明某件事是不被允许的。

We're gonna talk about, you know, these more natural ways to say that something is not okay to do.

而且，朋友们，这是一系列内容的一部分。

And guys this is part of a series.

不错。

Nice.

所以今天我们要重点讲如何表达‘你不能做某事’。

So today we're focusing on saying you can't do something.

这个系列的第二部分将在商务英语播客上发布。

The second part of the series is gonna be over on the Business English Podcast.

所以如果你还没有关注，记得点关注哦。

So if you are not following that make sure you hit follow Yes.

这样你就不会错过系列的下一期了。

So that you don't miss the next episode in the series.

很好。

Good.

我非常期待这个系列。

I'm so excited for this series.

这非常重要，你知道吗？我们要关注这些细微的翻译错误，学习语言时要直接从语言本身出发，对吧？

So important, you know, looking at these subtle translation mistakes where we wanna learn the language from the language, the original right?

我们要通过沉浸式的方式学习，抱歉，我刚才表达得不太清楚。

From we wanna learn in a an immersion sorry.

我说话有点困难，我们的目标是通过沉浸式的方式学习，直接用英语学习英语，而不是从母语翻译过来。

I'm having a hard time speaking We wanna learn in an immersive sense, so we're learning directly English through English instead of translating from our native language.

因为我觉得这正是这位警察可能有点陷入麻烦的地方。

Because I do think this is where this cop probably got into trouble a little bit.

顺便说一下，这仅仅是因为我们是语言学习者。

And by the way, like, it's only because we are language people.

大多数其他人根本不会在意这个。

Most other people wouldn't worry about it.

这很棒。

It's great.

但我们在这里是为你们服务的。

But we we're here for you guys.

是的。

Yes.

我们希望你们感受到自己说得尽可能准确，以达到最好的沟通效果。

We want you to feel that you're speaking as accurately as you can for the best connection.

明白吗？

Okay?

没错。

Exactly.

很好。

Good.

所以，正如我们之前提到的，警察本可以说的一句话是：你不能做某事。

So, yeah, as we talked about already, one thing the cop could have said was you can't x.

所以在这种情况下，你不能坐在这里。

So in this case, you can't sit here.

嗯。

Mhmm.

这非常直接。

This is very direct.

非常直白。

It's very blunt.

对。

Yes.

这对于权威人士来说非常适用。

And it's really good for person of authority to use.

所以，你知道，这听起来可能很粗鲁，但这是警察。

So, know, it could sound rude, but this is a cop.

他只是在把事情办妥。

He's he's just getting things done.

这里有很多人。

There's a lot of people.

是的。

Yeah.

你不能坐在这里。

You can't sit here.

对吧？

Right?

是的。

Yeah.

这对短暂的互动很有帮助。

And it's good for these short interactions.

你站在台阶上。

You're on the step.

你不能坐在这里。

You can't sit here.

是的。

Yeah.

对。

Yeah.

如果你和跟你同级的朋友在一起，开始说这样的话，情况就会变得复杂一点。

It it gets a little more complicated if you're with your friends who are at your same level and you're starting to say things like that.

对吧？

Right?

你不能。

You can't.

因为那样的话

Because then

你可能会显得有点专横，诸如此类。

you might seem kinda bossy and that sort of thing.

但警察是可以这样说的。

But a cop is allowed to sort of say that kind of thing.

所以这里有个例子。

So here's an example.

不付钱就不能使用这些袋子。

You can't use these bags without paying for them.

你自带了袋子吗

Did you bring your own

吗？

bags?

嗯。

Mhmm.

所以，就像，

So, like,

当你进去的时候

when you go

有可重复使用的袋子，是的。

in and there's the reusable bags Yes.

而且你可能没意识到得为它们付费。

And you're maybe you don't realize you have to pay for them.

是的。

Yes.

或者你不能使用这部电话。

Or you can't use this phone.

它只用于紧急情况。

It's meant for emergencies.

是的。

Mhmm.

嗯。

Mhmm.

好。

Good.

是的。

Yeah.

所以很简单直接。

So just straightforward.

这大概是最随意、最直接的表达方式了。

This is the most, I guess, casual and kind of direct way of saying it.

你觉得呢，米歇尔？

Wouldn't you say, Michelle?

嗯。

Mhmm.

嗯。

Mhmm.

是的。

Yeah.

下一个是你提到的另一种说法，听起来更正式、更被动一些。

And the next one was the other one you were talking about, which is a little more formal sounding and more passive.

嗯。

Mhmm.

所以这里不允许坐，或者这里不允许做某事。

So it's not permitted to sit here or something is not permitted.

嗯。

Mhmm.

是的。

Yeah.

使用被动语态，变得正式，增加距离感和礼节，比如：这里禁止使用手机。

Going into the passive voice, getting formal, putting distance, formalities, it's not permitted to use your cell phone here.

对吧？

Right?

所以，如果我觉得对某人这样说有点尴尬，而我又不确定自己处于什么情况时。

So maybe if I feel a little awkward saying this to someone, if I'm not in a I don't know.

不确定。

Don't know.

如果你没有权威地位，你会这样说吗？

Would you say this if you're not in a position of authority?

你觉得呢，米歇尔？

Do you think, Michelle?

我的意思是，这听起来太正式了。

I mean, it feels very fancy.

我不确定我是否会。

I don't know that I yeah.

问题就在于，我不确定我会这样说。

That's the thing is I don't know that I would say this.

对。

Right.

除非我在教室里，也许我会说，不准使用手机。

Unless I was I mean, perhaps, like, in the classroom, I might say, oh, it's not permitted to use your cell phone.

是的。

Yeah.

这其实关乎一项正式规定。

You know, this is, like, really about, like, a formal rule.

我不确定我是否会直接说，如果我处于那种情况，比如，好吧。

I don't know that I would just say if I'm if I'm like, okay.

我在想象一种情况，可能是在游行路线，那里设置了路障。

Like, I'm imagining a situation where I'm maybe, you know, maybe it's we're like in a like, it's like a parade route, and there's there's, like, gates up.

你知道的。

You know?

他们在街上设了路障，你站在那儿，有人想往后走，你只是想提醒他们，哦，你不该越过这里。

They put up gates in the street, and you know, you're standing and there's somebody who's trying to get back and you just wanna let them know like, oh, you're not supposed to, right, go beyond here.

我觉得我不会转向旁边的人说，哦，这是不允许的。

I don't think I would turn to the person next to me and say, oh, it's not permitted.

对吧？

Right?

没错。

Right.

好观点。

Good point.

是的。

Yeah.

我认为，当权威人士觉得这样说有些尴尬时，也可以用这种方式。

I think this could be used also if the person of authority feels awkward saying this.

就像，是的。

It's like Yeah.

有点借助规则来回避一下。

Kind of hiding behind the rule a little bit.

对吧？

Right?

因为你说话的方式太正式了。

Because it is so formal the way you're saying it.

所以你是在把责任推给规则或法律。

So you're kinda blaming the rule or the law.

对吧？

Right?

是的。

Right.

是的。

Right.

是的。

Right.

所以可以说，超过这条线是不允许的，或者超过这条线的行为是被禁止的。

So say something like, it's not permitted to go beyond this line or going beyond this line is not permitted.

所以你可以用这两种说法

So you could put it in both

对。

Right.

格式。

Formats.

对吗？

Right?

对。

Right.

嗯嗯。

Mhmm.

对。

Right.

没错。

Exactly.

另一个说法是你不允许，或者说某事是被禁止的。

And then another one is just you're not allowed to or saying something is not allowed.

所以是的。

So Yes.

你不被允许坐在这片区域。

You're not allowed to sit in this section.

嗯。

Mhmm.

或者没有票就不允许进入这个区域。

Or you're not allowed to enter this area without a ticket.

你会听到孩子们这么说。

And you hear kids use this.

你会听到成年人这么说。

You hear adults use this.

到处都在用。

It's all over the place.

“允许”是一个非常常见的词，

Allowed is a very common word,

我觉得。

I think.

是的。

Yes.

是的。

Yes.

没错。

Exactly.

对。

Yep.

好的。

Okay.

还不止这些。

And that's not it.

米歇尔，还有更多。

Michelle, there's more.

那还有什么？

So what else?

我们还能说些什么？

What else can we say?

嗯，你知道的，那些说法相对来说更直接一些。

Well, what you know, those ones are, like, a little bit more on the direct direct side.

嗯。

Mhmm.

那我们来谈谈一些可以缓和这种说法的方式。

So let's talk about some ways that we might soften this.

是的。

Yeah.

你可以通过说‘对不起，但是’，然后给出你的解释来缓和语气。

So you could soften this by saying, I'm sorry, but and then give your explanation.

所以可以说：对不起，但你不被允许做x。

So I'm sorry, but you're not allowed to x.