AEE 2708：老实说，这些发音技巧会让你受益良多

这里是 All Ears English 播客，第 2708 期。

This is an All Ears English podcast, episode 2708.

说实话，你会喜欢这些发音小技巧的。

Honestly, you'll be happy about these pronunciation tips.

欢迎收听 All Ears English 播客，下载量已超过两亿次。

Welcome to the All Ears English Podcast, downloaded more than 200 million times.

你是不是觉得英语学起来卡住了？

Are you feeling stuck with your English?

我们会教你如何变得无所畏惧、流利自如，重点是交流，而不是完美。我是你的美国主持人 Aubrey Carter，雅思达人，还有 Lindsay McMahon，英语探险家。

We'll show you how to become fearless and fluent by focusing on connection, not perfection, with your American host, Aubrey Carter, the IELTS whiz, and Lindsay McMahon, the English adventurer.

我们来自美国亚利桑那州和科罗拉多州。

Coming to you from Arizona and Colorado, USA.

想要每周通过邮件收到文字稿，请访问 allearsenglish.com/subscribe。

And to get your transcripts delivered by email every week, go to allearsenglish.com/subscribe.

你有没有在发字母 H 的时候犯过错误呢？

Do you ever make mistakes when it comes to pronouncing the letter H?

你会不会在不该用的时候加它，或者该用的时候漏掉它？

Do you leave it off when it should be used or include it when it shouldn't?

今天，我们就来揭晓一个让你每次都能说对的小窍门。

Today, find out the trick to getting this right every single time.

你好，Lindsay。

Hello, Lindsay.

你今天过得怎么样？

How are you today?

你好呀，Aubrey。

Hey there, Aubrey.

我挺好的。

I'm doing great.

你呢？

How are you?

一切顺利吗？

How's everything?

太好了。

Excellent.

我有个问题想问你。

I have a question for you.

好的。

All right.

你上次饿到发脾气是什么时候？

When was the last time you were hangry?

啊。

Ah.

说实话，这种情况经常发生。

It happens a lot, to be honest.

一个小时前。

An hour ago.

15分钟前。

15 minutes ago.

周末我们在丹佛那边看房子，我当时就在想：‘天哪，这什么时候才能结束啊？’

Over the weekend, we were looking at houses around Denver, and I was like, "Oh, when is this going to be over?"

我饿了——

I'm hungry-

我想吃点东西了

I'm ready to eat something

……而且我因为饿了而生气。

... and I'm angry that I'm hungry.

通常这就是个自我应验的预言，对吧？

Usually, it's a self-fulfilling prophecy, right?

就像你饿了——

It's like you're hungry-

是的

Yes

……你因为饿而变得愤怒，所以你就成了‘饿怒’的状态。

... you become angry because you're hungry, and therefore, you are hangry.

没错。

Exactly.

这个词很有意思，对吧？

This is a fun word, right?

它就是把hungry和angry合在一起。

This is that blend of hungry and angry.

我们会说“我hungry到生气了”。

We'll say, "Well, I'm hangry."

就是说，我饿了，然后变得很烦躁。

Like, I'm hungry, and it's making me grumpy.

这期节目就是从这个词来的，因为我们有个学生跟我们讲了个误会，她问别人是不是“hangry”，

And this episode was inspired by this word because one of our students told me about a misunderstanding where she asked someone if they were hangry-

结果对方以为她说的是“angry”，因为她没发H的音，没有用气发那个H。

... and they thought she was saying angry, because the problem was she was not pronouncing the H. She wasn't pushing air with the H.

是的。

Yes.

这种情况经常发生。

And this happens a lot.

对于语言学习者来说，如果他们的母语中词首的H往往不发音，

Language learners, if the H is more likely to be silent at the beginning of words-

他们就不会发出这个H音，这可能会导致

... in their language, they won't pronounce that H, and it can-

对

Yes

误解。

... cause misunderstandings.

是的，完全正确。

Yes, 100%.

天哪。

Oh my gosh.

而且我想，hangry这个词的另一个意思也可能是，你既感到饿，又因为别的事情而感到生气。

And I guess the other meaning for hangry could also be you're independently hungry and independently angry about something else.

确实是这样。

That's true.

为了让大家完全明白，

Just so we're totally clear

对，确实是这样。

Yeah, that's true.

这里的意思。

Of the meaning here.

你永远不知道。

You never know.

对，当然。

Yeah, for sure.

好了，那我们就来给听众朋友们把这个问题说清楚。

All right, so let's clear this up then for our listeners.

今天讲发音。

Pronunciation today.

太好了。

That's great.

我觉得咱们今天聊发音，对于 All Ears English 来说有点不一样，挺好的，对吧？

I like that we're getting into pronunciation a little bit different for All Ears English, right?

这肯定会很棒，而且 H 这个音确实很难，因为在英语里有些 H 是不发音的。

This is going to be great, and H really is so tricky because some H's are silent in English.

所以我们给大家三个小技巧，帮你掌握 H 的发音，让你更清楚什么时候该用 ha 这个音来送气——

So we're going to give three tips to help you with the pronunciation of H so you know a little better when to be pushing air with that ha sound-

对

Yes

……还有什么时候不送气。

... and when not.

所以我很期待深入讲这个，让你们能有一些专业的小技巧。

So I'm excited to dive into this so you guys have some pro tips.

棒极了。

Excellent.

各位，在我们深入之前，现在就点一下关注按钮吧。

Guys, before we dive in, go ahead and hit that follow button right now.

现在正值秋季，至少在美国是这样。

We are in the height of the autumn, the fall, in the US at least.

这是静下心来专注于英语的好时机。

This is the time to buckle down and focus in on your English.

这是一个很好的机会。

This is a great opportunity.

如果你在北半球，天气变冷了，这正是待在室内专注于自己目标的好时机。

Maybe if you're in the northern hemisphere, the weather's getting chilly, so this is a great time to be inside focusing in on your goals.

所以点个关注吧。

So hit follow.

确实。

Absolutely.

好吗？

All right?

对。

Yes.

说得好。

Love that.

无论你在哪里听播客，记得一定要点订阅，这样就不会错过我们的任何一期节目。

Wherever you find your podcasts, be sure to hit follow so you don't miss any of our episodes.

没错。

Yes.

那我们怎么——

So how do we-

那琳赛，我们开始吧。

And let's dive in here, Lindsay.

这个话题真有意思。

This is so interesting.

我们怎么发音H呢？

How do we pronounce H?

我们来聊一聊这个吧，Aubrey。

Let's talk about it a little bit, Aubrey.

你能给我们演示一下吗？

Can you show us?

对，有时候在英语里它是不发音的，有时候则有送气。

Yeah, so sometimes it is silent in English, and then sometimes we have aspiration.

就是说，伴随一个声音会有明显的呼气或者气流喷出，对吧？

So that means a noticeable puff or burst of air that accompanies a sound, right?

所以我们推气，发出‘哈’的声音。

So we push air and go ha.

然后那个……

And then that-

……气流就是指空气通过声道时的实际流动。

... airflow just means the actual movement of air through the vocal tract.

所以不是声带振动，而是我们推出能被听见的气流。

So there's not vibrations of the vocal cords, but we're pushing air that can be heard audibly.

好的。

Okay.

如果我们把手放在嘴前，应该能感觉到有什么东西出来，对吧，Aubrey？

If we put our hand up to our mouth, we should kind of feel something coming out, right, Aubrey?

没错。

Exactly.

所以hungry到hangry。

So hungry, hangry.

是的。

Yes.

我能感觉到那股气。

I can feel that.

对。

Yes.

如果你这样做，手应该能感觉到空气吹上来。

You should feel air hit your hand if you're doing that.

所以这个H音叫做清声门摩擦音，这是语言学家们叫的名字。

So this H sound is called a voiceless glottal fricative, is what it's called for the linguists out there.

但对我们来说，重要的是要知道，如果我们该送气的时候没有送气，它听起来就可能变成完全不同的单词，比如hangry和angry。

But for us, what's important to know is that if we don't push air when we need to, it can sound like a totally different word, like hangry versus angry.

这个差别很细微，但可能会造成误会，所以搞清楚哪些词里H不发音，哪些词里要送气，这点很重要。

And it's subtle, but it could cause a misunderstanding, so it's important that you know which words the H should be silent, and which words air should be aspirated.

这里就开始有点复杂了，对吧？

This is where it gets a little tricky, right?

有点微妙。

A little bit nuanced.

那么有哪些词是H在词首真的发音的呢，Aubrey，举个例子？

So what are some of the words where H is actually pronounced at the beginning of the word, Aubrey, for example?

一般来说，在英语里，H在词首是要发音的，要送气。

So as a general rule, H is pronounced, air is pushed, at the beginning of words in English.

比如happy，home。

So for example, happy, home.

Lindsay，还有哪些词呢？

What are a couple others, Lindsay?

比如说 hope，对吧？

The word hope, right?

Hope。

Hope.

我能感觉到气从嘴里出来。

I can feel that air coming out of my mouth.

或者 hungry。

Or hungry.

对。

Yes.

Happy、home、hope、hungry。

Happy, home, hope, hungry.

好的。

Okay.

对。

Yes.

好，那我们把所有这些词放进一个句子里，纯粹好玩。

So a sentence with all of those, just for fun.

我很高兴回到家，我希望有什么吃的，因为我饿了。

I'm happy to be home, and I hope there's something to eat because I'm hungry.

也许是又饿又气吧。

Maybe hangry.

是的，完全正确。

Yeah, exactly.

太好了。

Great.

所以那个词，我们就像刚才说的，在送气-

So that one, we are, as we say, aspirating-

……那股气。

... that air.

但是呢，

But then-

但是有一些常见的例外，对吧？

But there are a few common exceptions, right?

那些是什么？

What are those?

英语里大多数单词你都能听到H的发音。

Most words in English you do hear the H.

好的。

Okay.

但是有一些例外。

But there are some exceptions.

这就是为什么有点难，因为有时候你听不到。

This is what makes it tricky, because sometimes you don't.

好的。

Okay.

最常见的像诚实或诚实地。

And the most common are honest or honestly.

荣誉。

Honor.

还有哪些呢，Lindsay？

And what else, Lindsay?

小时，对吧？

Hour, right?

所以诚实、诚实地、荣誉、光荣的，对吧？

So honest, honestly, honor, honorable, right?

小时，每小时的。

Hour, hourly.

然后还有一些其他的，比如继承人，王国的继承人。

And then there are a few others like heir, the heir to a kingdom.

哦，对。

Oh, yeah.

继承人。

Heir.

拼写是H-E-I-R。

Spelled H-E-I-R.

还有几个——

There are a few-

……但也就这些了。

... but that's about it.

不是很多。

There aren't very many.

通常，如果你看到H——

Usually, if you see H-

好的。

Okay

——在单词开头，发那个音的时候，你要送气。

... at the beginning of a word, you're going to push air when you make that sound.

好的，那为了我们的听众再强调一下，99%到98%的情况下——

Okay, so just to reiterate for our listeners, 99, 98% of the time-

是的

Yes

——单词开头的H都是在送气，对吧，Aubrey？

... you are pushing air for an H at the beginning of a word, right, Aubrey?

没错。

Exactly.

好的。

Okay.

我们来做几个有趣的句子，里面包含这些例外情况。

Let's do a fun sentence here with some of these exceptions.

你可以说：“说实话，和他们聊一个小时是一种荣幸。”

You could say, "Honestly, it was an honor to spend an hour talking with them."

不错。

Nice.

所以你看，有几个单词是...

So, as you can see, there are a few words where-

...H 是不发音的。

... there is a silent H.

这就是为什么这个比较棘手。

That's really what makes this tricky.

没有一个固定的规则说每次看到 H 都要送气。

There's not this rule where you can say every time you're going to push air with a H.

不幸的是，英语没让我们这么省心。

Unfortunately, English doesn't make things that easy on us.

也许我们可以把这个做成一个关于不发音字母的系列节目。

Maybe we could create this into a series on silent letters or something.

那会很有趣。

That would be interesting.

那可能会挺酷的，因为我在想单词开头不发音的 K，比如...

That might be kind of cool because I'm thinking about the silent K that comes in the beginning of a word-

在N前面的那个K，通常是不发音的。

... before the N, that is usually silent.

不过回归正题，我们在想新一期节目的点子。

But anyways, thinking of new episode ideas.

或者像numb结尾的那个B。

Or B at the end of numb.

太多了，真的很让人头疼。

There's so many, it's really tricky.

确实太多了。

There's so many.

我们秋天再详细聊这个。

We'll get into it later in the fall.

大家，如果这个计划听起来不错的话，就点个关注吧。

Guys, hit the follow button if that sounds like a good plan to you.

那我们还需要了解什么呢，Aubrey？

So what else do we need to know here, Aubrey?

不错。

Nice.

那么我们的第二条建议是，如果H在单词中间开始一个新音节，它通常也会发音。

So our number two tip here is that H is also usually pronounced if it begins a new syllable in the middle of a word.

比如，behind、behave。

So for example, behind, behave.

当我发那个H的音时，我在送气。

When I make that H sound, I'm pushing air.

你仍然要有点送气，把气推出去，把手放在嘴前——

You still have to kind of aspirate, push out the air, put your hand in front of your mouth-

完全正确。

Exactly

感受气流。

... feel the air.

所以behind、behave、inhabit，我得发出那个H的音。

So behind, behave, inhabit, I have to make that H sound.

是像抑制或禁止那样，对吧？

Inhibit or prohibit, right?

有个有趣的句子：房子后面有禁止吸烟的牌子。

So fun sentence, behind the house, we have signs that prohibit smoking.

对，这点有点难，但也有一些例外。

Yeah, and this is tricky, but there are a few exceptions.

哦。

Oh.

这是个很实用的小提示。

This is a good pro tip.

所有例外都是以E-X开头的。

All of the exceptions begin with E-X.

比如——

So for example-

哦。

Oh

……展览的exhibit——

... exhibit-

对。

Yes

……还有exhaust。

... exhaust.

这些词在E-X后面有个H——

Those have an H-

……但是那个H不发音。

... after that E-X, but it is silent.

确实不发音。

It is silent.

还有exhilarate和exhort。

Exhilarate or exhort.

Aubrey，exhort是什么意思？

What does exhort mean, Aubrey?

我平常都不用那个词。

I don't even use that word.

是像劝说的意思，对吧？

Like to convince, right?

好的。

Okay.

我跟你说要去做这个，意思是我在试着说服你去做某件事。

I would exhort you to do this means I'm trying to convince you to do something.

那是个挺少见的词。

It is a pretty rare word.

不太常用。

It's not used very commonly.

是挺少见的。

It's pretty rare.

这里有个例句，能听到这些字母是不发音的，对吧？

And here's an example sentence where we can hear that these are silent, right?

博物馆的展览太震撼了，让参观者既兴奋又疲惫不堪。

The museum exhibit was so impressive that it exhilarated visitors but left them exhausted.

对。

Yes.

太喜欢了。

Love it.

而这里唯一的例外是——

And the one exception to this-

啊。

Ah

——就是 exhale 这个词，我觉得很有意思的是，它的意思是你呼出空气——

... is exhale, which I think that it's nice that the meaning of it, you're exhaling air-

——那这个 H 是要发音的。

... that H is pronounced.

我做了不少研究。

I liked quite a bit of research.

我说，“你确定没有其他例外吗？”

I'm like, "Are you sure there's no other exceptions?

是不是总是E-X？

Is it always E-X?"

然后这似乎是——

And this seems to be-

唯一的例外——

... the only exception-

呼出。

Exhale.

啊。

Ah

——一个以E-X开头的单词，但H是要送气发音的，就是这个词，exhale。

... where a word that begins with E-X, but the H is aspirated, is that word, exhale.

没错。

Yes.

有意思。

Interesting.

好的。

Okay.

知道了。

Good to know.

所以英语里有一些关于H的棘手问题，

So there's some tricky, sticky things here about English-

我们得注意H是否发音。

... that we have to be aware of when it comes to the H. Is it silent?

还是不发音？

Is it not?

但我觉得我们已经讲了一些主要的规则。

But we've gone through some of the major guidelines, I think.

对吧，Aubrey？

Right, Aubrey?

是的。

Yes.

好的，很好。

Okay, good.

好，Aubrey，我们来个小角色扮演，实际运用一下。

Okay, Aubrey, let's put this into action with a little role play.

所以，我是在问你最近度假的事。

So here, I am asking you about a recent vacation.

准备好了吗？

All right?

不错。

Nice.

好的。

All right.

嘿，你刚从夏威夷回来，对吧？

Hey, you just got back from Hawaii, right?

感觉怎么样？

How was it?

说实话，挺棒的。

Honestly, it was great.

我住在那家靠近海滩的小旅馆。

I stayed at this little hotel near the beach.

不错。

Nice.

你玩得开心吗？

Did you have a good time?

能出去几天，我真的特别高兴。

I was really happy to get away for a few days.

我花了一个小时就沿着海滩散步。

I spent an hour just walking along the beach.

听起来很放松。

That sounds relaxing.

是的。

Yes.

真的太棒了。

It was fantastic.

希望明年还能再去。

I hope I can go back next year.

对。

Yes.

好的，那就好。

All right, good.

聊得挺开心的。

Nice conversation here.

好多个H，不过也就这么多，不会再多了。

Lots of Hs, but not any more than could turn out.

我觉得H在英文字母里挺常见的。

I think H is a pretty common letter in the English alphabet.

对，没错。

Oh, yeah.

所以就是这样。

So there you go.

经常出现。

Comes up all the time.

问题是，你应不应该送气，对吧？

The question is, should you be pushing air or not, right?

而我一开始就给了大家一个很难的例子。

And I started us with something really tricky.

这其实是个额外的小知识：在美国本土大部分地区，我们说到“Hawaii”时，会送气。

This is a bonus that for most of the continental United States, when we say Hawaii, we push air.

我们就那么说，Hawaii。

We say it just like that, Hawaii.

但实际上，在夏威夷岛上，很多夏威夷人并不那么发音。

But actually, on the island of Hawaii, a lot of Hawaiians don't.

他们说夏威夷。

They say Hawaii.

哦，有意思。

Oh, interesting.

而且你听不到那个送气音。

And you don't hear that air push.

所以这里没有错误的答案。

So no wrong answer here.

啊。

Ah.

不管你怎么说夏威夷，都是对的。

However you say Hawaii is correct.

好的。

Okay.

但一般来说，大多数不住在夏威夷的美国人，发那个词的时候都会送气。

But in general, most Americans who don't live in Hawaii, we do aspirate air for that word.

真有意思。

That's interesting.

我有几个朋友，这些年下来，其实有两个朋友是夏威夷来的。

I have a couple friends, have had over the years, two friends from Hawaii, actually.

但我确实记得听他们念夏威夷这个词的时候，后面的部分念得更清楚一些。

But I definitely remember hearing them pronounce more of the end of the word, Hawaii.

我感觉更像是——

I feel more just-

对，他们会把那个双元音发得——

Yeah, they'll make that double vowel-

他们会更强调一些。

They put more emphasis

算是强调的那种感觉。

... kind of emphasized.

不过我得仔细听听，看他们会不会把那个H的音发出来。

But I'll have to listen in and see if they pronounce the H or not.

我得看看。

I'll have to see.

我会去查一下。

I'll check on that.

对，而且也不一定所有夏威夷人都这么说。

Yeah, and it couldn't be not even all Hawaiians.

我记得我在那儿的时候——

I remember I was there-

对，不一定。

Yeah, it couldn't

……

...

我去了毛伊岛。

I went to Maui.

那是我唯一一次去夏威夷，我听到一些人那样说，不带H的音，我当时就想：“哦，挺有意思的。”

It's the only time I've ever been to Hawaii, and I heard a few people say it that way without the H, and I was like, "Oh, interesting."

有时候你在电影里也能听到这种说法。

Or you would hear it in movies sometimes.

那挺有意思的。

That is interesting.

但可能不是所有人都这么说。

But probably not everybody.

我觉得那大概是某个地区的方言特色。

I feel like that's probably a regional dialect thing.

有可能。

Probably.

或者看他们在那里待了多久，我也不太清楚。

Or how long they've been there or I don't know.

那也有道理。

That makes sense, too.

就是这类情况吧。

That kind of thing.

所以这集我们教大家怎么发H这个音，或者你也可以选择不发，看你自己的习惯。

So for this episode, we're teaching to pronounce the H, or you can not, depending on how you want to do it.

但下一句，很明显，我们需要把how里的H发出来。

But then the next phrase, pretty obviously, we need to pronounce the H in how.

那会儿怎么样？

How was it?

我们不能说“ow was it”，对吧？

We can't say 'ow was it, right?

没错。

Exactly.

而且如果你受伤了，你会说“ow”，没有任何气流冲出来的感觉。

And that is a word, if you're hurt, you say ow without any push of air.

所以那就是……

So that's where-

对，那可能会让人搞混。

Yeah, that could be confusing

如果你不发H的音，这个词就经常变成了一个新词。

... this often becomes a new word if you don't push air for the H.

有人会说："你没事吧？"

Someone would say, "Are you okay?"

哎哟。

Ow.

你没事吧？

Are you okay?

哎哟。

Ow.

是不是——

Was it-

哎哟。

Ow

等等，什么？

... wait, what?

等等，什么？

Wait, what?

发生什么事了？

What's happening?

然后，说实话，真的很棒。

And then, honestly, it was great.

那这里，是不发音，还是需要发音？

So here, is it silent, or is it pronounced?

是的。

Yes.

说实话，honestly是我们的例外之一，这里是不发音的。

Honestly is one of our exceptions where it is silent.

所以当你说honest或honestly时，那个音是完全不发的。

So when you say honest or honestly, it's totally silent.

你完全不需要送气。

You don't aspirate any air.

然后我就住在海滩附近的一家小旅馆。

And then I stayed at this little hotel near the beach.

这里，我需要发出H的音。我不能说“otel”。

Here, I need to aspirate the H. I can't say otel.

我得说“hotel”，对吧？

I have to say hotel, right?

然后我有点——

And I kind of-

这是一个非常常见的错误，因为有些语言，比如法语，也有同一个词，但H不发音，hotel——

This is a very common error because there are language, like French is one, where it's the same word, but pronounced with a silent H, hotel-

……就像那样。

... just like that.

哦，确实是这样。

Oh, that's true.

所以在英语里这是很容易犯的错误。

So that's such an easy mistake to make in English.