AEE：语法错误还是错误开头？

这里是All Ears English播客节目。

This is the All Ears English podcast.

是语法错误还是开场失误？

Grammar mistake or false start?

欢迎收听下载量突破2亿次的All Ears English播客。

Welcome to the All Ears English podcast downloaded more than 200,000,000 times.

你是否正为英语学习感到困顿？

Are you feeling stuck with your English?

我们将教你如何通过关注交流而非完美，变得自信流利。

We'll show you how to become fearless and fluent by focusing on connection, not perfection.

由美国主持人林赛·麦克马洪（英语冒险家）和米歇尔·卡普兰（纽约电台女孩）为您呈现，节目来自美国科罗拉多州和纽约市。

With your American hosts, Lindsey McMahon, the English adventurer, and Michelle Kaplan, the New York radio girl, coming to you from Colorado and New York City, USA.

想要在手机上获取实时字幕并创建个性化词汇表，快来尝试All Ears English的iOS和安卓应用。

To get real time transcripts right on your phone and create your personalized vocabulary list, try the All Ears English app for iOS and Android.

现在登录allearsenglish.com/app即可开启7天免费试用。

Start your seven day free trial at allearsenglish.com/app.

你有没有听过母语者说一些听起来语法完全错误的奇怪句子？

Do you ever hear native speakers say a weird sentence that seems to be totally incorrect grammatically?

这里是否还有其他情况，比如错误的开头？

Is there something else going on here, like a false start?

今天，我们将探讨这些现象在英语中为何如此常见，以及如何通过练习它们来建立更好的交流。

Today, find out why these are so common in English and how to practice with them to have better connections.

嘿，Lindsay。

Hey, Lindsay.

你好

How are

吗？

you?

嘿。

Hey.

很好，Michelle。

Great, Michelle.

你好吗？

How are you?

最近怎么样？

How's it going?

挺好的。

Pretty good.

谢谢。

Thanks.

是啊。

Yeah.

一切都好。

Everything's good.

米歇尔，你还有高中时认识的朋友保持联系吗？

Michelle, do you have any friends from high school that you still talk to?

嗯，虽然不是经常联系的人，但我确实还和一些人有联系。

I well, not people I talk to all the time, but I do still keep in touch with some.

啊，好吧。

Ah, okay.

好的。

Alright.

我...我觉得我自己现在还在联系的可能就一两个高中同学吧。

I I think for me, I I'm in touch with, like, maybe two one or two people from high school.

不多。

Not too many.

是啊。

Yeah.

不多。

Not too many.

嗯。

Yeah.

我也是。

Same.

嗯

Mhmm.

是啊

Yeah.

但听起来你回答我问题时有过几次犹豫不决呢，米歇尔

But it sounded like you had a couple of, false starts there, Michelle, when you were answering my question.

对

Yeah.

因为我确实需要好好思考一下

Because I was I really had to kind of think about it.

是的

Yeah.

所以这还挺有意思的

So, yeah, that was interesting.

那么各位听众，今天我们要解答一个关于开场卡壳的提问

So, guys, today we are going to answer a listener question about false starts.

是的。

Yeah.

我是说，在英语中没有什么比说话打磕巴更地道自然的了。

I mean, there is nothing more native and natural than false starts in English.

我们的听众在他们的母语中对此深有体会。

This our listeners know this in their native language.

我确信这种情况时有发生。

I'm sure this happens.

一旦我们能理解说话打磕巴的现象，并且不让它影响我们作为英语听众的理解，我们实际上就已经迈入了C1、C2的水平。

And this is really once we can understand false starts and not let them throw us off as a listener of English, I mean, we are moving into this, you know, c one, c two levels.

没错。

This is Yep.

太令人兴奋了。

So exciting.

对吧？

Right?

没错。

Right.

都是好东西。

So good stuff.

是啊。

Yeah.

学生在YouTube上问了什么？

What did the student ask on YouTube?

是的。

Yeah.

这个问题来自YouTube。

So this question is from YouTube.

来自Eduardo Luis Fagundas Dasilva 4415。

It's from Eduardo Luis Fagundas Dasilva four four one five.

Eduardo说：嗨，姑娘们。

And Eduardo says, hi girls.

为什么米歇尔说'I not'而不是具体指某个人？

Why did Michelle say I not anybody that comes to mind specifically?

可以说'I not'吗？

Is it possible to say I not?

在'I'和'not'之间应该有什么词？

Where is the word between I and not?

非常好的问题。

Very good question.

非常有趣。

Very interesting.

我喜欢这个问题。

I like this.

我知道。

I know.

观察得很仔细。

Good observation.

显然，Eduardo正在非常认真地倾听。

Clearly, Eduardo is listening very closely.

但是Michelle，我们没有回看那一集来确认，但我们有个猜测这里发生了什么。

But Michelle, we didn't go back to that episode to figure it out, but we have a hunch what happened here.

我们的猜测是什么？

What is our hunch?

是的，我有个错误的开始。

Yeah, I had a false start.

我当时正在思考。

I was thinking in the moment.

我正准备回答问题。

I was starting to answer the question.

所以并不是我在说，Lindsay，说'我没有任何想到的人'可以吗？

So it's not that I was saying, Lindsay, is it okay to say I not anybody that comes to mind?

不，首先，不行。

No, first of all, no.

不。

No.

不，那样会犯严重的语法错误。

No, that would be missing some major grammar there.

是的。

Yes.

那会是个问题。

That'd be a problem.

对。

Yes.

所以答案是不行。

So the answer is no.

我们不能那么说，但她真正想表达的不是这个意思。

We cannot say that, but that's not really what she was saying.

对吧？

Right?

听起来我是在猜测你实际说的是'我'，而不是任何想到的人。

It sounds like I'm guessing what you actually said was I, not anybody that comes to mind.

所以你本可以加个填充词，比如我加了个填充词在那里，但你没有。

So you could have had a filler like, I added a filler in there, but you didn't.

是的。

Yeah.

那只是个错误的开头。

It was just a false start.

就像你开始说一句话，准备说'我'怎么怎么样，然后你突然转向左边或右边。

It's like you started a sentence and you were about to say I something else, then you change you turn left or you turn right.

对吧？

Right?

然后你又重新开始了。

And then you started over.

嗯。

Mhmm.

是的。

Yes.

没错。

Exactly.

所以我当时正准备回答问题。

So I was starting to answer the question.

对，可能我本来想说我不知道，或者当时那么想的，然后想到了这点，就改口说没有特别想到谁。

So yeah, maybe I was saying I don't, or maybe I was thinking that, and then I thought of it, and then I said not anybody comes to mind specifically.

我在想这种情况其实非常普遍。

I'm thinking in This real is extremely common.

确实经常发生。

It happens Yeah.

我们和人交谈时每天可能发生上千次。

Probably a thousand times a day when we're talking to people.

你不觉得吗？

Don't you think?

哦，当然。

Oh, for sure.

我是说，有时候我们知道要说的词，比如'不要'。

I mean, sometimes we know a word that we're about to say, like don't.

对吧？

Right?

可能你本来要说'我不怎么怎么'，但突然觉得'不'变得无关紧要，因为你在那一刻改变了句子结构。

Maybe you were about to say, I don't blah blah blah, but then you just decided that the don't became irrelevant because you changed the structure of your sentence in the moment.

完全合理且正常。

Totally valid and normal.

对吧？

Right?

对。

Right.

所以可能是我完全改变了要说的内容，但也可能是我意识到想用另一种语法结构。

So it could have been that I was changing completely what I was gonna say, but it could have also been that I realized I wanted to use another grammatical structure.

对。

Right.

所以这很有趣。

So that is interesting.

是的。

Yes.

但关键在于我是实时思考的，你知道，我们说话时并不是在背诵演讲稿。

But the point is that I'm thinking in real time and that, you know, we're not, when we're speaking, we're not reciting a speech.

我们不是在读稿子。所以这种情况会反复发生。

We're not reading a So this is going to happen over and over and over.

而且这确实是个很好的问题，因为可能很难听出并识别这些现象。

And it is a really good question because it can be hard to hear that and to recognize these.

这确实是个很好的问题。

It's a really good question.

你知道，尽管我们的教科书希望我们相信——那些90年代的老教材——但并非所有内容都是预先排练好的。

You know, despite what our textbooks would like us to think, old textbooks from the nineties, yeah, it's not all pre rehearsed.

我们不知道在开口前会说什么。

Don't know what we're gonna say before we say it.

而且我们也不想知道，因为我们不想成为那种非要等到完美才开口的人。

And we don't wanna know because we don't wanna be that person that waits to speak until everything is perfect.

对吧？

Right?

我们正努力摆脱那种状态。

We're trying to get away from that.

我们试图变得更真实，与面前的人们建立更深层的连接。

We're trying to get more real and more connected with the people in front of us.

有时这需要我们在说到一半时改变主意，我希望听众们也能准备好这样做。

Sometimes that requires changing our mind mid sentence, and I want our listeners to be ready to do that.

是吧？

Yeah?

是的。

Yeah.

确实如此。

Definitely.

天哪。

Oh my gosh.

这期节目会非常有趣。

This is gonna be a really interesting episode.

所以，各位，在深入讨论之前，我们想先道声谢谢。

So, guys, before we get more into it, we just wanna say thank you.

非常、非常、非常、非常感谢。是的。

A big, big, big, big thank you Yeah.

致那些为我们的节目留下评价的听众们。

To the listeners who've reviewed our show.

天哪。

Oh my gosh.

最近几周还收到了一些五星好评呢，米歇尔。

And some amazing five star reviews in the last few weeks here, Michelle.

非常感谢来自大韩民国的某位听众。

So huge thank you to someone from The Republic Of Korea.

名字是用韩文写的，但给了五星好评。

The name is written in Korean, but five star review.

太棒了。

Amazing.

非常感谢。

Thank you so much.

这条评论发布于10月6日。

That was on October 6.

来自加拿大的Hand Fobs或来自中国的Luparia。

Hand Fobs from Canada or Luparia from China.

还要特别感谢来自阿根廷的Janice Winkler。

And then a huge thank you to Janice Winkler from Argentina.

Janice为All Ears English留下了精彩的评论，我找到后转发给了Michelle和Aubrey。

Janice left a beautiful review about All Ears English, and I found it and I sent it to Michelle and Aubrey.

我们简直欣喜若狂，对吧米歇尔，持续了将近

And we were just over the moon, weren't we, Michelle, for, like, half

一整天？

a day?

我们太喜欢了。

We loved it.

是的。

Yes.

天啊。

Oh my gosh.

珍娜，真的太感谢你了。

Jenna, thank you so much.

真的，当你转发这些评价，让我们看到听众对节目的感受和想法时，总是特别打动人心。

Really, when you send those and we and we get to see how people feel and what they think about our show, it's just very touching.

真的太棒了。

Really amazing.

而且这还没完呢，Michelle。

And then that's not all, Michelle.

还有来自中国的Vaila在10月19日留下的五星评价，以及中国QCC在10月27日的五星好评。

There's also Vaila from China on October 19, five star review, and QCC from China, October 27, five star review.

非常感谢我们出色的听众们。

Thank you so much, our amazing listeners.

朋友们，如果你们还没给《All Ears English》留下评价，我们很想知道你们对节目的看法。

Guys, if you have not left a review yet for All Ears English, we'd love to see what you think of the show.

所以请前往你收听的平台，苹果播客、Spotify、亚马逊音乐，为节目留下评价。

So please go on over wherever you listen, Apple Podcasts, Spotify, Amazon Music, leave a review for the show.

好吗？

Alright?

好的。

Yes.

请大家多多支持。

Please do.

再次感谢。

Thank you again.

嗯。

Yeah.

好的。

Alright.

那么林赛，我们再来详细讨论一下这个问题。

So Lindsey, let's talk more about this question.

所以有时候这种情况确实会发生，就是出现错误的开头。

So again, sometimes this happens, these false starts.

你在思考时，可能先给出一个回答，然后又改变方向或表达方式。语法上，用'我'而不是'任何人'，这不是我们讨论的重点。

So you're thinking, you start one answer, then you change direction or how you're saying Grammatically, with I, not anybody, this this is not what we're talking about.

对。

Yeah.

这只是我说话时改变了方向。

It's just a change in direction from what I'm saying.

不过我们还是举些例子来说明这种情况听起来是怎样的。

So but let's give some examples of how this might sound.

而且这是...这是...

And it's it's

要真实重现这些例子确实很有挑战性。

it is challenging to to recreate these as authentic examples.

你知道，我建议听众们更好的做法是回顾往期节目，里面能找到大量我们突然改主意、转换话题的例子。

You know, the better thing to do that I would recommend is for our listeners to go back to old episodes, and you'll find tons of examples of false starts and left turns, right turns, where we just changed our mind.

那样效果会更好。

That's the better way.

但我们会尽力还原这些例子。

But we'll try to recreate these examples the best we can.

好吗？

Okay?

那我们开始吧。

Here we go.

好的。

Alright.

米歇尔，你有什么圣诞特辑的点子吗？

Do you have any ideas for a Christmas episode, Michelle?

我现在一时想不出来，但我会好好考虑的。

I not that I can think of right now, but I'll work on it.

不错。

Nice.

好吧。

Alright.

所以你改变了说法，你本来想说'我'然后接什么内容，但突然转向说了'不是那样'，相当于在句子中重新开始了。

So you changed your so you were gonna say I and then something, but then you took a left turn and you said, not that I so you were essentially starting over in the sentence.

对吧？

Right?

是的。

Yep.

是的。

Yep.

没错。

Exactly.

正是。

Exactly.

嗯哼。

Mhmm.

或者再举个例子。

Or here's another one.

Lindsay，你最近有度假计划吗？

Lindsay, are you planning on going on vacation soon?

其实我们正打算去意大利。

Well, we going to Italy, actually.

好的。

Okay.

这对听众来说可能真的很困惑，因为米歇尔，从语法上讲我们可以说'我们要去意大利'吗？

So this might be really confusing for listeners because, Michelle, could we grammatically say, we going to Italy?

我们要去意大利。

We going to Italy.

不行。

No.

你可以在我这里看到，也可以在我的计划里看到，那个小小的

You can see in my and you can see in my plans, the little

蓝色

blue

下划线。

underline.

谷歌表示：不行。

Google is like, no.

不行。

No.

不。

No.

你在说什么？

What are you saying?

不。

No.

不。

No.

那样不对。

That's not right.

但那其实不是我说的。

But that's not actually what I said.

对吗？

Right?

这就是为什么今天这期节目这么棒。

And that's why this is such a cool episode today.

那不是我说的话。

That's not what I said.

我说的是，嗯，我们——我正要说完句子，结果我直接重新开始了。

I said, well, we and I was about to finish my sentence, and then I literally started over.

而在我的新句子里，在新想法和新表达中，我去掉了主语和代词，直接说了‘去意大利’。

And in my new sentence, in my new idea, my new phrase, I took off the the subject, the pronoun, and I just said going to Italy.

所以我删掉了‘我们要’，直接说‘去意大利’。

So I took off we are, and I said going to Italy.

对。

Right.

这不过是——只是你大脑当时的运作方式而已。

And it doesn't it just it's just the way your brain is working in that moment.

你本可以继续说完‘嗯，我们其实要去意大利’，但你可能突然决定用更随意的说法。

You could have just kept on going and said, well, we're going to Italy actually, but maybe you just decided, oh I want to say it in kind of a more casual way.

或者说，你其实并没有刻意想着‘我要这样表达’。

Or you know, you're not actually thinking, I'd like to say this like this.

事情就这么发生了。

It just happens.

所以你只是改变了方向，用那种方式说出来。

So you just change direction and say it in that kind of a way instead.

对。

Right.

因为这更多是关于你要去意大利的事实，你正在与面前的人交流那里会有多棒——葡萄酒、美食，一切。

Because it's more about the fact that you're going to Italy, and you're you're connecting with someone in front of you about how great it's gonna be, the wine, the food, everything.

是啊。

Yeah.

我本可以用很多方式重写这句话。

And I could've there's a lot of ways you could've rewritten this sentence.

你本可以说，嗯，我们我们要去——你本可以加上‘我们要’的。

You could've said, well, we we're going you could've included the we're too.

对吧？

Right?

对

Yeah.

确实

True.

对吧？

Right?

你本可以那样做的

You could've done that.

是的。

Yeah.

嗯。

Mhmm.

对。

Right.

你本可以那样做的。

You could've done that.

我是说，有无数种你可能做过的事情，因为这就是你大脑的运作方式——我是说，因为我们说话时，我刚就这么做了。

There's I mean, there's endless things that you could've done because it's just kind of the way your brain is I mean, because when we're speaking, I just did it.

我又这么做了。

I just did it again.

我说了'你大脑的运作方式'，自己都没注意到。

I said the way your brain is I didn't even notice it.

然后我停下来，我是说，你知道，这其实没什么问题。

Then I stopped and I said, I mean, you know, and there's nothing wrong with this.

事实上，如果我们不这么做反而会很奇怪。

In fact, it would be odd if we didn't do things like this.

那会显得

It would be

非常奇怪。

really odd.

这其实正是我认为《全神贯注学英语》——不是我想自夸——但这就是为什么我觉得我们的节目能帮助听众快速进步。

And this is actually why I think All Ears English not I don't wanna brag here, but this is why I think our show helps listeners get better so fast.

因为你在听两个人非常自然地交谈。

It's because you're hearing two people speak very naturally.

确实会有很多这种说话中途修正的情况。

You do have a lot of these false starts.

我们在节目里不常讨论这个，但这是单人主持时你无法获得的体验。

We don't talk about this very much on the show, but it's what you don't get when you have a single host.

因为通常单人主持可能有脚本或者...我也不确定。

Because usually, a single host probably has a script or just kind of I don't know.

当你独自说话时，你不会那么自然流畅。

When you're speaking alone, you're not as spontaneous.

对吧？

Right?

确实。

Right.

事实就是如此。

It's just how it is.

所以，你要确保获取的是面向听众的输入或反馈。

So, you make sure you're getting intake or input that is to listeners.

这非常重要。

That's really important.

抱歉，是说面向说话者的。

Sorry, to speakers.

超级重要，米歇尔。

Super important, Michelle.

对吧？

Yeah?

没错。

Exactly.

是的。

Yeah.

而且这种情况，会经常发生。

And this, so this can happen a lot.

你必须留意这些情况，因为它们可能会被当作语法错误或让人感到困惑。

You have to listen out for these because again, it could come off as a grammar mistake or be confusing.

嗯。

Mhmm.

但这只是正常说话方式的一部分。

But it's just it's all part of normal speech patterns.

这就是人们自然说话的方式。

It's just the way people speak naturally.

是的。

Yep.

而且，我们不想纠结于那些我们认为的语法错误。

And, we don't wanna dwell on what we think is a grammar mistake.

那样会破坏交流。

That's breaking connection.

你为什么要向别人指出那些呢？

Why would you ever point that out to someone?

不。

No.

你要理解他们说的话，这样才能建立联系。

You wanna know what they're saying so you can build the connection.

没错。

Exactly.

好的。

Alright.

那么，米歇尔，我们接下来该怎么做？

So, Michelle, where do we go from here?

这非常有启发性，是的。

This is very enlightening Yeah.

那么，作为一个听众你能做些什么呢？

So, I mean, what what can you do as a listener?

因为你可能现在正在听这期节目，心想：哇，我现在完全搞不清楚该怎么识别这些以及该怎么做？

Because you might be listening to this episode right now and saying, Woah, right now I'm totally confused on how do I identify these and what do I do?

首先，正如林赛所说，继续做你正在做的事情。

Well, first off, as Lindsay said, continue doing what you're doing.

多听各种形式的英语。

Listen to many different forms of English.

嗯。

Mhmm.

电视剧、电影、播客、与朋友的对话。

TV shows, movies, podcasts, talks with friends.

对。

Yeah.

看看我们的文字记录。

Look at our transcripts.

你会发现这种情况经常发生。

You know, and you will see this happen a lot.

尽可能多地吸收这些内容。

Just consume as much as you possibly can.

就像林赛说的，确保内容来自多个说话者。

And like Lindsay said, make sure it's more than one speaker.

嗯。

Mhmm.

尤其是当有两三个说话者的时候。

Especially when there's two or three speakers.

我是说，多看看像脱口秀这样的节目。

I mean, consume things like talk shows.

对吧？

Right?

就像以前全天播放的早间脱口秀，比如奥普拉秀。

Where, you know, like the morning talk shows that used to be on all the time, like Oprah.

就是那种人们互相交谈的节目，而不是单一说话者背诵内容。

Like, where you have people talking to each other, not just one single speaker reciting something.

对吧？

Right?

这还不够有挑战性。

That's not challenging enough.

明白吗？

Okay?

是的。

Yeah.

是的。

Yeah.

那如果有人不确定呢？

And then what if someone's not sure?

他们该怎么办？

What should they do?

我是说，你可以问。

I mean, you can ask.

对吧？

Right?

你可以澄清，我们完全可以另做一期节目专门讨论如何确保你正确理解的方法。

You can clarify, and there are ways we could do a whole other episode on ways to clarify that you make sure you understood.

但大多数时候，你会理解的，因为你会在脑海中形成闭环，而对方也会确保专注于他们所说的内容。

But most of the time, you are going to understand because you're gonna just kinda close the loop in your head, and the person's gonna really make sure they're focusing on what they're saying.

比如，他们要去意大利。

Like, they're going to Italy.

他们对此很兴奋。

They're excited about that.

这就是重点所在。

That's what it's about.

对吧？

Right?

是的。

Yeah.

没错。

Yeah.

对。

Yeah.

不过你知道，如果你不确定语法或不太明白，不必直接说出来，你可以简单地说：'抱歉'。

And but you can you know, if you know, you don't have to say you're confused about the grammar or you're not sure, but you can just say, oh, I'm sorry.

能重复一遍吗？

Could you repeat that?

当然。

Sure.

你可以询问。另外我想指出一个重要现象，我们之前略有提及，就是通常声音里会有某种停顿。

You can ask And I also wanna point something out that is important, we've kind of touched on a little bit, is there is generally something in the voice, a pause.

你能感觉到对方在自我克制。

You can tell that the person's stopping themselves.

他们在收敛。

They're pulling back.

他们正要继续，却又收住了。

They're getting going, and then they pull back.

所以你能听到，我，不是，对吧？

So you can hear, I, not, right?

可能会说，他们可能就这样做，听起来像我在打嗝，但其实不是。

Might say, they might just do this like, That sounded like I'm burping, but I'm not.

你只是在启动车子，然后踩刹车，接着换挡。

You're just pulling You're starting the car, and then you're putting the brakes on, and you're changing.

当然。

Sure.

是的。

Yeah.

米歇尔，你会建议我们自己尝试这样做吗？

Would you recommend that we try to do this on our own, Michelle?

我们自己重现这个会不会很难？

Would this be hard to recreate on our own?

我我觉得可能会。

I I feel like it could be.

对吧？

Right?

确实很难。

It is hard.

要自然地重现确实很难，但我认为尝试这样做会是很好的练习。

It is hard to recreate it in a natural way, but I actually think that it could be good practice to try it.

是的。

Yeah.

如果有人问你问题，你并不想总是故意这样做，因为那完全违背了初衷。

If somebody asks you a question, and you don't you don't wanna do this purposely all the time because that's just totally defeating the purpose.

对。

Yeah.

没错。

Yeah.

当然。

Of course.