维多利亚女王

首先，要特别感谢我们来自加州的新捐助者杰克和迪伦。

First off, a shout out to our new donors, Jake and Dylan from California.

如果你也想支持《睡前历史》节目，请访问我们的网站 bedtimehistorystories.com，通过 Patreon 进行捐助。

If you'd like to donate to Bedtime History, go to our website, bedtimehistorystories.com, to donate via Patreon.

捐助者还能免费收听我们全部140集不含广告和致谢的节目内容。

Donors also get access to our entire 140 episode catalog of shout out free, pitch free episodes.

没有多余的东西，只有你爱听的故事。

No extra stuff, just the stories you enjoy.

接下来，进入今天的节目。

Now onto our episode.

想象一下，你正身处英国一座古老的教堂里。

Imagine you are in a beautiful old church in England.

那是1827年，你正在参加一位新君主的加冕典礼。

The year is 1827, and you are at the coronation or royal crowning ceremony of a new monarch.

周围的人个个衣着华丽，都是有钱有势的贵族。

All around you, rich people are dressed in beautiful clothing.

音乐响起时，纳尔逊领着即将加冕为女王的公主入场。

As the music starts, N enters the princess who is about to be crowned queen.

她年仅十八岁，走进大厅时，你发现她身材娇小，却从容镇定。

She is only 18 years old, and as she enters the room, you can see that she is very short, but she is poised and calm.

她身上有一种笃定的气质，仿佛早就知道这条路属于她。

She has the confidence of someone who knew this is her path.

她就是维多利亚女王。

She is Queen Victoria.

维多利亚女王于1819年出生在英国伦敦。

Queen Victoria was born in 1819 in London, England.

她出生时的名字是亚历山德琳娜·维多利亚，但大家通常叫她维多利亚。

When she was born, her name was Alexandrina Victoria, but she was called Victoria as her nickname.

维多利亚是肯特公爵爱德华王子和萨克森-科堡-萨尔费尔德的维多利亚公主的女儿，而这位公主是比利时国王利奥波德一世的妹妹。

Victoria was the daughter of Prince Edward, the Duke of Kent, and and Princess Victoria of Saxe Coburg Saalfield, which was the sister of the King of Belgium, Leopold I.

可惜的是，维多利亚刚满十八岁，父亲就去世了。

Sadly, when Victoria was only 18 old, her father died.

之后，她母亲在她生活中变得专横起来。

After that, her mother became a domineering influence in her life.

专横就是指爱管人、控制欲强。

Domineering means bossy and controlling.

她由母亲和母亲的会计师约翰·康罗伊一起抚养长大。

She was raised by her mother and her mother's accountant, John Conroy.

由于家境富裕，维多利亚的童年非常优渥。

Because her family was wealthy, Victoria had a very privileged childhood.

也就是说，她小时候拥有一切奢华的东西，生活富足。

This means as a child, she had very nice things and lived in luxury.

她吃的是最好的食物，穿的是最精致的衣服，公主该有的她全都有，但据说维多利亚为人善良、热情又活泼。

She had the best foods, the nicest clothes, everything you can imagine a princess to have, but Victoria was said to be kind, warm hearted, and lively.

她特别喜欢玩娃娃，房间里摆了一百多个。

She loved dolls and had over 100 of them in her playroom.

尽管玩具和奢侈品样样不缺，维多利亚却不能像普通孩子那样自由玩耍，因此朋友很少。

Despite all of her toys and nice things, Victoria was not allowed to play with other children in a normal way, so she had very few friends.

这让她很难过，但她最好的朋友兼始终陪伴她的人是保姆路易斯·莱森。

This made her sad, but her best friend and constant companion was her nanny, Louis Lesen.

维多利亚的保姆在王宫里教她读书。

Victoria's nanny taught her at the royal palace.

她学习了所有富家孩子将来可能成为女王所需掌握的科目，包括语言和政治。

She learned all the subjects that a wealthy child, who may one day become a queen, would need to learn, including languages and politics.

维多利亚很有绘画天赋，总督路易斯鼓励她发展这些爱好。

Victoria had a talent for drawing and painting, and Governor Luis encouraged her to pursue these hobbies.

维多利亚也非常喜欢写日记。

Victoria also really enjoyed journal writing.

她从小就开始写日记，这一习惯一直持续了终生。

She started writing as a child and continued to write in her journal for the rest of her life.

在成长过程中，维多利亚的母亲和约翰·康罗伊一直严密监视着她。

While she was growing up, Victoria's mother and John Conroy kept a very close eye on her.

他们知道她迟早会成为英国女王，所以想把对她的控制权牢牢掌握在自己手里。

They knew that she may one day become the Queen of England, and they wanted to keep their influence over their child to themselves.

影响力就是控制和作用。

Influence means control and impact.

她小时候，他们从不让她独自一人，总得有一个人在旁边陪着。

While she was a child, they never let Victoria be alone without one of them present.

维多利亚直到十八岁都和母亲睡在同一个房间，就是为了不让她独处。

Victoria slept in the same room as her mother until she was 18 so that she wasn't on her own.

她母亲和约翰·康罗伊担心，如果让她一个人待着，别人可能会趁机影响她，甚至让她跟他们作对。

Her mother and John Conroy were worried that if Victoria was left alone that other people might try to influence her themselves and might turn her against them.

尽管母亲对她影响很大，维多利亚性格却很倔强。

Despite her mother's influence, Victoria had a feisty temperament.

也就是说，她精力充沛，天性独立。

This means that she had high energy and was very independent in nature.

她个性鲜明，但身材上，维多利亚以矮小著称。

She had a big personality, but physically Victoria was famously very short.

成年以后，她身高只有四英尺十一英寸。

As an adult, she was only four feet eleven inches tall.

她出生时，是王位第五顺位继承人，但随着童年和青少年时期的发展，她父亲的三个兄弟——也就是她的三位叔叔——相继去世，都没有留下在世的子嗣。

At the time of her birth, Victoria was fifth in line to the throne, but over the course of her childhood and early teenage years, Victoria's uncles, her father's three brothers all died without having living children.

这意味着，到了1837年她18岁那年，她很清楚自己即将成为大不列颠及爱尔兰的女王。

This meant that when Victoria turned 18, in 1837, she knew she would become the Queen of Great Britain and Ireland.

成为女王后，维多利亚做的第一件事之一，就是夺回对自己生活和统治的掌控权。

One of the first things that Queen Victoria did, after becoming queen, was to claim her own control and authority over her life and her rule.

她搬出了母亲的卧室，住进了自己的房间。

She moved out of her mother's bedroom into her own room.

她与母亲和约翰·康罗伊疏远了，也就是不再受他们无时无刻的干预和影响。

She distanced herself from her mother and John Conroy, which means that she broke away from them and their constant advice and influence.

她早就看够了他们事事控制她、指手画脚，实在受不了了。

She had seen how much they were controlling her and trying to tell her what she should do and she didn't like it.

于是，这位年轻的女王转而向她的朋友、当时的首相墨尔本勋爵请教，学习治国之道和作为女王的职责。

Instead, the young Queen Victoria turned to her friend, the Prime Minister at the time, Lord Melbourne, to teach her about government and her role as a Queen.

首相在英国的角色，有点像总统。

A Prime Minister is similar to a President in England.

墨尔本勋爵是维多利亚女王的第一任首相，从1834年到1841年任职七年。

Lord Melbourne was Queen Victoria's first Prime Minister, who served for seven years from 1834 to 1841.

他帮助维多利亚女王了解当女王的方方面面，以及当时她在政府中的角色。

He helped teach Queen Victoria about the details of being a queen and the role she plays in government at the time.

他在政治上担任女王的顾问，是她登基初期可以坦诚交谈、寻求建议的人。

He acted as the queen's advisor on politics and was the person she could speak to openly and get advice during the early years of her reign.

1840年，维多利亚嫁给了她的表弟——萨克森-科堡-哥达的阿尔伯特亲王。

In 1840, Victoria married her cousin, Prince Albert of Saxe Coburn in Gotha.

她第一次见到阿尔伯特时才十六岁。

She met Albert when she was just 16.

因为维多利亚是女王，阿尔伯特不能向她求婚，所以她在1839年10月15日主动向他提了亲。

Since Victoria was queen, Albert couldn't propose to her, so she proposed to him on 10/15/1839.

起初，英国公众不太喜欢阿尔伯特亲王，因为他不是英国人，而是德国人。

At first, the British public didn't like Prince Albert because he was not from The United Kingdom, but from Germany.

一开始他完全不能参与政治，但后来人们发现他为人正直，维多利亚女王也开始依赖他的建议，他最终帮她一起治理国家。

At first, he was not allowed to be involved in politics at all, but eventually, people realized that he was a good person, and Queen Victoria started to rely on his advice and he helped her to rule.

结婚初期，维多利亚女王和阿尔伯特亲王经常吵架。

During the early part of their marriage, Queen Victoria and Prince Albert fought quite a bit.

两人都性格强势，谁都不愿意认错。

They both had strong personalities and didn't like to be wrong.

但他们深爱着对方，决心要一起把日子过好。

But they loved each other very much and were committed to being successful together.

随着时间推移，他们的关系慢慢好转，阿尔伯特开始给女王提建议，帮她应对统治中的各种难题。

Over time, they started to get along better, and Prince Albert started to give Queen Victoria advice and helped her make difficult decisions during her reign.

他们一共生了九个孩子。

And together they had nine children.

王宫里孩子众多，整天闹哄哄的。

Their palace was a busy and noisy place with so many kids.

阿尔伯特还把不少德国传统带到了英国，后来这些习俗在英国流行起来。

Prince Albert also brought a number of German traditions to The United Kingdom that became popular for British people.

比如圣诞节期间摆圣诞树的习俗。

This included the tradition of putting up a Christmas tree at the holidays.

阿尔伯特亲王曾在王室家中布置了一棵圣诞树，当时拍下了一张维多利亚女王、亲王和孩子们站在树前的照片。

Prince Albert had put a Christmas tree up for a celebration at their royal home, and a picture was taken of Queen Victoria, Prince Albert, and their children in front of the tree.

这张照片登上了当时一本畅销报纸，之后英国和大英帝国其他地区的人们也开始效仿，挂起圣诞树。

The picture was in a popular newspaper at the time, and afterwards many people in The UK and other parts of the British Empire started putting up Christmas trees too.

十九世纪的英国生活被称为维多利亚时代，这源于维多利亚女王漫长的统治，以及她个人对国家的深远影响。

Life in Britain during the nineteenth century was known as Victorian England because of Victoria's long reign and the stamp it and her personality placed on the country.

在她统治期间，大不列颠的工业发展达到了前所未有的规模。

During her reign, Great Britain grew its industry more than ever before.

他们在全国各地，包括帝国的许多地方，修建了铁路、桥梁、地下排水系统，以及电力和能源网络。

They built railways, bridges, underground sewers, and power or energy networks throughout much of the empire.

这也就是人们常说的工业化。

This is also known as industrialization.

在她统治期间，英国还大幅扩张了领土，面积翻了一倍，先后占领了加拿大、澳大利亚、印度，以及非洲和南太平洋的许多地区。

During her reign, Britain also expanded the size of its territories, doubling in size and taking over Canada, Australia, India, and a number of other places in Africa and the South Pacific.

女王深爱着大英帝国，她认为英国能扩张并掌控如此广大的疆土，对世界是一件好事。

The queen loved the British Empire and felt that it was good of the world that Britain grew to take over so much of it.

由于维多利亚女王在位期间英国掌控了世界上众多地区，人们开始流传一句名言：日不落帝国。

Because Britain controlled so many different parts of the world during her reign, people started saying a famous expression: the sun never sets on the British Empire.

维多利亚女王在位时，还大力支持科学家开展研究，探索世界奥秘。

During Queen Victoria's reign, she also supported scientists to do research and learn more about the world.

那时期科学取得了巨大进步，比如达尔文的进化论、电报的发明，以及大众报纸的兴起。

There were great advances in science such as Darwin's theory of evolution, the telegraph, and the popular press or common newspapers.

英格兰的主要城市迅速扩张，越来越多的人学会了识字。

The main cities in England grew very large, and more and more people learned to read.

维多利亚时代是英国人民经历巨大发展的时期。

The Victorian era was a time of great development for the British people.

但并不是所有人都认同维多利亚女王的每一个决定。

But not everyone always liked the decisions that Queen Victoria made.

她一生中遭遇过七次暗杀企图。

During her life, there were seven assassination attempts made on her life.

也就是说，她的敌人试图除掉她，好让她不再掌权，但都没能得逞。

This means that her enemies tried to kill her so that she would no longer be in charge, but they did not succeed in their attempts.

经过几年胃病的折磨，维多利亚深爱的阿尔伯特于1861年因伤寒去世，年仅42岁。

After several years of suffering from a sore stomach, Victoria's beloved Albert died of typhoid fever in 1861 at the age of 42.

维多利亚悲痛欲绝。

Victoria was very sad.

她让人用石膏翻制了他的一只手，此后终生随身携带。

She had a plaster cast made of his hand and she kept it by her side for the rest of her life.

她还隐居了二十五年，几乎不再露面。

She also went into a twenty five year seclusion, which means hiding on her own.

在她余下的统治生涯里，她一直穿着黑色衣服。

For the rest of her reign, she wore black.

维多利亚女王于1901年1月22日去世。

Queen Victoria died on 01/22/1901.

她去世时，是世界上在位时间最长的女性君主。

When she died, she had been the longest reigning woman monarch in the world.

在她执政期间，英国经历了文化繁荣、工业与科技飞跃，还建成了伦敦地铁。

While she was queen, her country saw great cultural expansion, advances in industry, science and communications, and the building of railways in the London Underground.

她在位期间大英帝国的扩张，至今仍深刻影响着世界，尤其是那些曾经作为英国殖民地的地区。

And the expansion of the British Empire during her reign continues to have great impact on the world and the cultures of various places that were British colonies under her rule.

你能想象自己生在王室，从小就明白自己将来会成为国王或女王吗？

Can you imagine being born into a royal family and knowing that you will one day be king or queen?

这对一个孩子来说，压力实在太大了。

This would be a great amount of pressure for a child.

尽管生活优渥、家财万贯，维多利亚依然关心她的子民。

Even though she had nice things and was very wealthy, Victoria still cared about her people.

她为自己的国家深感自豪，并希望运用自己的权力做些有益的事。

She took great pride in her country and wanted to use her powers to do good things.

她本可以用所有的财富享乐，但她选择迎难而上，成为一位伟大的英国民众的君主。

With all of her money, she could have had just a good time, but instead she rose to the challenge to be a great queen to the British people.

如果你是一国之君，你会重点关注哪些事情？

If you were a king or queen of a country, what are some of the things that you would focus on?

你会选择住在哪里？

Where would you live?

你会做些什么来让它变得更好呢？

What are some of the things you would do to make it better?

谢谢收听，别忘了下周再回来听哦。

Thanks for listening, and be sure to tune in next week.