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Leminata。
Leminata.
大脑与宇宙。
Brains on universe.
你正在收听《大脑与》，我们认真对待好奇心。
You're listening to Brains on where we're serious about being curious.
来吧，哈维。
Come on, Harvey.
你能做到的。
You can do it.
就说完全懒散吧。
Just say totally slothsome.
对不起，桑丁。
I'm sorry, Sandin.
我无法完成这个任务。
I cannot complete this task.
我不认识这个命令。
I do not recognize the command.
懒散的。
Slothsome.
我通过把树懒和棒极了结合起来创造了一个新词。
I created my own word by combining sloths with awesome.
明白吗？
See?
懒散的。
Slothsome.
你在找某种酱料的食谱吗？
Are you looking for a recipe for some sauce?
不是。
No.
为什么这这么难？
Why is this so hard?
桑丁，你在干什么？
Sandin, what are you doing?
哦，嗨，克里斯蒂娜。
Oh, hey, Christina.
嗨，莫莉。
Hey, Molly.
我只是在尝试扩展哈维的词汇量。
I'm just trying to expand Harvey's vocabulary.
你呢？
You?
我们正要去工作室。
We're just heading over to the studio.
Slothsome。
Slothsome.
他又来了。
He's doing it again.
哦，是的。
Oh, yeah.
他总是想让我们接受他发明的那些词。
He's always trying to get us to adopt his word inventions.
桑丁，这就像你当初试图让‘turd rific’流行起来一样。
Sandin, this is just like when you tried to make turd rific happen.
或者‘cake tactic’。
Or a cake tactic.
但但但‘slothsome’不一样。
But but but slothsome is different.
是吗？
Is it?
有点拗口。
It's kind of a mouthful.
对。
Yeah.
你能连说三遍吗？
Can you even say it three times fast?
Slothsome。
Slothsome.
Slothsome。
Slothsome.
Sloth sloth slothsome。
Sloth sloth slothsome.
不行。
No.
显然我没法连说三遍，但我能慢慢说三遍。
Apparently, I can't, but I can say it three times slowly.
看好了。
Check it out.
抱歉，扎农。
Sorry, Zanon.
我们得走了。
We gotta go.
我们得去录节目。
We gotta show to tape.
待会儿见。
See you later.
我希望它能慢悠悠的。
I hope it's slothsome.
我们迟早会跟上的。
We'll catch on eventually.
你正在收听Brain Zon，属于Brain Zone宇宙的一部分。
You're listening to Brain Zon, part of the Brain Zone universe.
我是莫莉·布卢姆，今天我的联合主持人是来自迈阿密的克里斯蒂娜·阿鲁。
I'm Molly Bloom, and my cohost today is Christina Arue from Miami.
嗨，克里斯蒂娜。
Hi, Christina.
嗨，莫莉。
Hi, Molly.
所以，克里斯蒂娜不仅是BrainZone的粉丝，还是BrainZone西班牙语版的配音之一。
So not only is Christina a BrainZone fan, she's also one of the voices of BrainZone and Espanol.
如果你还没看过，目前已经有六期西班牙语的《Brains On》了。
If you haven't checked it out yet, there are currently six episodes of Spanish Brains On.
你可以在我们的网站上，或者你收听播客的任何平台，搜索“Brains On”和“Espanol”找到它。
You can find it by searching for Brains On and Espanol at our website or wherever you get your podcasts.
所以，克里斯蒂娜，我很好奇。
So, Christina, I'm curious.
你在制作《Brains On》西班牙语版时学到的最有趣的知识是什么？
What was your favorite fact you learned working on Brains On and Espanol?
了解到为什么我们的鞋子会臭。
Learning why our shoes smell.
原因是我们的汗腺变大了，能 trapping 更多气味。
And the reason is because our glands get bigger and they could trap more odors.
没错。
Exactly.
你学到了很多东西。
You learned so much.
所以，克里斯蒂娜，你还主持另一档播客。
So, Christina, you're also have another podcast that you host as well.
对吧？
Right?
是的。
Yes.
它叫《卡塔莉娜之星：年轻与著名》，由克里斯蒂娜·鲁主持，我就是克里斯蒂娜·鲁。
It is called Catalina Stars Young and Famous with Christina Rue and I'm Christina Rue.
这很合理。
That makes sense.
那么你在你的播客里做些什么呢？
So what do you do on your podcast?
我采访年轻的拉丁裔明星。
I interview young Latinx stars.
非常酷。
Very cool.
那么，你最近都采访了哪些明星呢？
So, like, who are some of the stars you've talked to recently?
娜塔莉亚·克莱门特和贾斯蒂娜。
Natalia Clement and Justina.
你是一位很有成就的播客主持人，但你也恰好是树懒的超级粉丝。
Well, you're an accomplished podcaster, but you also happen to be a super fan of sloths.
那么，克里斯蒂娜，你最喜欢树懒的哪一点？
So, Christina, what is your favorite thing about sloths?
它们行动很慢。
That they move slow.
你为什么喜欢它们这一点？
Why do you like that about them?
因为这太可爱了。
Because it's just so cute.
它们虽然无法快速移动，却依然缓慢前行，是地球上最慢的哺乳动物。
They move slow even though they can't move fast, and they're the slowest mammal on Earth.
我也是一个超级树懒迷。
I am also a very big sloth fan.
我三年级时写过一篇关于三趾树懒的报告，从那以后就爱上了它们。
I wrote a report on three toed sloths back in third grade and have been in love ever since.
结果发现我们的听众也痴迷于树懒。
It turns out our listeners are obsessed too.
你们给我们发来了无数关于树懒的问题。
You all send us so many sloth questions.
所以我们先来回答这一个。
So we're going to start by answering this one.
为什么树懒这么慢？
Why are sloths so slow?
感谢卡米拉和亚瑟提出这个问题。
Thanks to Camilla and Arthur for that question.
如果要说树懒最著名的特点，那就是它们行动缓慢。
If there's one thing sloths are famous for, it's being slow.
它们移动得很慢。
They move slowly.
它们消化得也很慢。
They digest slowly.
它们甚至眨眼都很慢。
They even blink slowly.
如果树懒是《大脑》节目的联合主持人，节目的开头听起来会是这样。
If a sloth were a brains on cohost, the beginning of the show would sound like this.
你正在收听《大脑》，或认真对待好奇心。
You're listening to brains on or serious about being curious.
好的。
Okay.
是的。
Yeah.
我们可能应该停在这里，因为那可能会花很长时间。
We should probably stop there because that could take a while.
但没错，树懒很慢。
But, yeah, sloths are slow.
但这并不是因为它们懒惰。
But it's not because they're lazy.
而是因为它们非常、非常高效。
It's because they're really, really efficient.
这意味着它们极其明智地使用每一分能量，因为树懒获取能量非常困难。
That means they use every bit of energy they have very wisely because it's really hard for sloths to get energy.
对。
Yeah.
它们生活在树上，以花朵和树叶为食，但这些东西营养很少。
They live in trees and eat flowers and leaves, but those things don't have a lot of nutrients.
所以他们必须充分利用自己所获得的那一点点东西。
So they have to make the most of what little they get.
例如，树懒拥有像牛一样的多室胃，可以缓慢消化食物，从这种有限的饮食中榨取每一丝营养。
For example, sloths have multi chambered stomachs like a cow that let them slowly digest that food and squeeze out every bit of nutrition from this limited diet.
它们也尽可能少移动以节省能量。
They also move as little as possible to save energy.
当它们确实移动时，动作也非常缓慢。
And when they do move, they move slowly.
它们的脖子还有三节额外的脊椎，可以让头部几乎完全转动。
They also have three extra vertebrae in their neck so they can swivel their heads almost all the way around.
另一个节省能量的巧妙方法。
Another neat energy saving trick.
为什么要移动身体去看东西呢，当你
Why move to see something when you
只需转头就可以了？
can just turn your head?
树懒拥有许多令人着迷的适应性，使它们能够适应这种特定的树栖生活方式。
Slots have so many fascinating adaptations that let them live in this very specific tree dwelling lifestyle.
今天为我们详细介绍树懒有多么神奇的是动物学家露西·库克。
Here to tell us more about how amazingly cool sloths are is zoologist Lucy Cook.
树懒爱好者协会的创始人。
Chief the founder of the Sloth Appreciation Society.
欢迎，露西。
Welcome, Lucy.
你好。
Hello.
你好。
Hello.
你好。
Hello.
你好。
Hello.
是什么促使你创立了树懒 Appreciation 社团？
What inspired you to start the Sloth Appreciation Society?
嗯，这是个非常好的问题。
Well, that's a very good question.
我创立了树懒 Appreciation 社团。
I started the Sloth Appreciation Society.
那是大约十年前的事了。
It was about ten years ago now.
我觉得树懒被误解了，人们并没有真正理解它们有多了不起。
I felt that sloths were getting a bad rap and that people didn't really understand how amazing they are.
我至今仍清楚地记得第一次看到树懒时的情景，那简直让我大开眼界。
And I still remember very clearly the first time I saw a sloth, it kind of blew my mind, you know.
我的意思是，我完全被它们缓慢的动作迷住了。
I mean, I just was mesmerized by how slow they are.
作为一名动物学家，我只是想了解它们。
You know, as a zoologist, I just wanted to understand them.
但更重要的是，它们的脸长得特别像人类，带着那种迷人的微笑。
But also, on top of that, they have these amazing faces that look a bit like they're humans, you know, with these wonderful smiles.
所以，你知道，它们有很多值得喜爱的地方。
So, you know, there's a lot to love.
我们接下来要问你几个来自听众的问题。
We're going to ask you a few questions sent in to us from our listeners.
这个问题来自德克萨斯州奥斯汀的艾薇。
This one is from Ivy in Austin, Texas.
树懒是怎么游泳的？
How are sloths able to swim?
树懒以树叶为食，当它们消化树叶时，会产生大量的
So sloths live on leaves and when they are digesting their leaves, they generate quite a
气体。
lot of gas.
好像
As if
如果还没有足够多的理由喜欢树懒，那它们还是我们所知的唯一一种不会放屁的哺乳动物。
there wasn't enough reasons to love sloths, they're the only mammal that we know of that doesn't fart.
所以这些气体的去向是形成了一种内置的浮力装置，让它们能在水中漂浮前进。
And so what happens with all this gas is that it it forms an inbuilt buoyancy device that basically makes them bob along in water.
哇。
Wow.
你能描述一下它们游泳时是什么样子吗？
Could you just describe what it looks like when they do swim?
当树懒游泳时，场面非常可爱，因为它们会像狗刨一样划水。
When sloths do swim, it's incredibly cute because they do a sort of a doggy paddle.
我该说，是树懒式划水才对。
A slothy paddle, I should say, really.
它们的腿几乎不动，但双臂会像一种笨拙的狗刨式动作在前方划水，同时它们那充满气体、膨胀的肚子会漂浮起来，帮助身体保持在水面上。
The legs don't do much, but the arms do a sort of a a sort of sloppy doggy paddle out the front, whilst their big inflated fart filled belly bobs or keeps them keeps the body up.
太可爱了。
So cute.
是的
Yeah.
它们游泳也像做其他事情一样慢吗？
And do they swim, like, as slow as they do everything else?
不。
No.
不。
No.
这太惊人了。
That's the amazing thing.
什么？
What?
当它们游泳时，实际上比在地面上爬行快大约三倍，我觉得是这样。
Is that they can actually I think it's something like when they swim, they're actually three times faster than they than they are when they're on when they're when they're crawling along the ground.
所以，是的，它们游泳比爬行快得多，这太惊人了。
So, yeah, they they swim a lot faster than they crawl, which is amazing.
我们下一个问题是来自加利福尼亚的莉莉安。
Our next question is from Lillian in California.
树懒宝宝和它们的父母一样慢吗？
Are sloth babies just as slow as their parents?
还是像人类孩子一样更有活力？
Or do they have more energy like human kids?
我想说，我不确定，我不知道这个问题的答案。
I would say I don't, you know, I don't know the answer to that.
所以，能被问到这样一个富有想象力的问题，而且我之前从未被问过，这真是太好了，我也不知道答案。
So I mean, how wonderful to be asked asked a question that's so imaginative that I've not been asked it before and I don't know the answer.
非常感谢你提出这个问题。
So, thank you very much for that.
我曾观察过树懒妈妈和宝宝在一起的情景。
I've watched sloth mothers and babies together.
而这些宝宝也和它们的妈妈一样非常缓慢。
And the babies are also very slow, like their mothers.
而且，快节奏会消耗大量能量。
And, you know, the thing is about being fast is it burns a lot of energy.
当你还是个小宝宝时，你希望把所有能量都用在生长和变大上。
And when you are a little baby, you want to use all your energy for growing and getting bigger.
所以我的猜测是，它们和父母一样慢，甚至更慢，这样所有的能量都能用于成长为成年个体，而不会浪费在无谓的乱窜上。
So my guess would be that they are as slow, if not slower than their parents, so that all of their energy goes into growing into into adults and isn't wasted on on on whizzing around unnecessarily.
来自加利福尼亚的卢克提出了这个问题。
Luke from California wrote in with this question.
为什么树懒有狮子般的爪子？
Why do sloths have lion claws?
树懒有爪子是因为这有助于它们悬挂在树上。
Well, so sloths have claws because it helps them dangle from trees.
你知道，树懒是极其节省能量的生物。
You know, sloths are just amazing energy savers.
它们简直打破了可持续生活的所有常规。
They really kind of broke the book on sustainable living.
你知道吗，它们节省大量能量的一种方式就是倒挂在树上。
And, you know, one of the ways that they save a lot of energy is by hanging from trees.
它们用那些又长又弯曲的爪子来悬挂身体。
And the way that they dangle is using those claws, which are actually very long and curved.
它们就像衣夹一样抓住树枝，就这样倒挂着。
And so they sort of they sort of grip on like a like a like a clothesline peg and and just dangle there.
来自田纳西州诺克斯维尔的利维提出了这个问题。
Levi from Knoxville, Tennessee wrote in with this question.
如果树懒是倒挂着跳跃的，那为什么它们睡觉时手不会松开？
If sloths leapt upside down, why don't their hands let go when they're sleeping?
它们只是紧紧夹住爪子。
They just clamp those claws tight.
我推测，控制这些爪子和四肢紧握树枝的肌肉，并不受它们意识的支配。
And so I suspect that the control of that muscle that clamps that claw and that limb onto the tree, that's not controlled by their consciousness.
这是一种无意识的控制机制，这样即使在睡眠时也不会被打破。
That's something that's an unconscious control so that it can't be overridden by being asleep.
来自密尔沃基的玛丽娜想知道，树懒在血液涌向头部时，为什么不会头痛？
Marina from Milwaukee was wondering, how do sloths not get headaches when the blood rushes to their head?
我的意思是，确实如此。
I mean, exactly.
怎么做到的？
How?
它们是怎么做到的？
How do they do that?
这太神奇了，对吧？
It's amazing, right?
据我了解，它们的血管里有瓣膜，能够更高效地对抗重力将血液泵送上去。
My understanding is that they have the valves in their blood vessels such that they pump blood against the force of with more efficiency against the the force of of gravity.
另一件很酷的事情是，因为它们倒挂着，所以胃部非常大，吃很多食物，而倒挂时，胃部可能会压迫肺部，导致呼吸困难。
And then the other thing that that's really cool is because they're upside down, they have these really huge stomachs that they eat a lot of food, and and that that, because they're upside down, could crush their lungs and and make breathing really difficult.
因此，科学家们发现，它们的肋骨上有黏性结构，可以防止胃部压迫肺部，让呼吸更顺畅。
So they also have scientists have discovered that they have sticky bits on their ribs that prevent the stomach from collapsing on their lungs and make breathing easier.
所以它们拥有所有这些适应倒挂生活的非凡特征。
So they have all of these extraordinary adaptations to leading an inverted life.
我有个问题。
I have a question.
树懒有多重？
How heavy are sloths?
这很令人惊讶。
This so this is surprising.
对吧？
Right?
它们的体型很大一部分来自于毛发。
So a lot of their size is taken up by their fur.
它们有着非常浓密厚重的毛发。
They have a very deep and dense fur coat.
而且这是它们节省能量的策略之一——尽管生活在非常炎热的热带地区，它们却穿着厚厚的毛发，就像北极动物一样。
And that's one of their energy saving tactics that they, even though they live in the tropics where it's really, really warm, they wear this really thick coat like they're an arctic creature.
这帮助它们保留了全部的体温。
And that keeps all their body warmth in.
所以，它们看起来大得多。
So, they seem a lot bigger.
事实上，当你看到湿透的树懒时，它们看起来像淹死的老鼠。
And in fact, when you see sloths that have got wet, they look like drowned rats.
我的意思是，真的，你能看到它们细长的四肢，还有那个大大的肚子，里面装满了正在消化的树叶，但它们的四肢又长又细。
I mean, really, you can see then when they have these sort of skinny limbs and, you know, they have this big old belly, which is full of digesting leaves, but their limbs are long and skinny.
所以，它们实际上非常轻。
So, they're actually really light.
三趾树懒的体型大约相当于一只大猫，但它的体重远不如一只家猫那么重。
And a three toed sloth is about the size of a large house cat, but it it doesn't weigh anything like as much as as a house cat.
这太惊人了。
That is amazing.
树懒真是太酷了。
Sloths are so cool.
所以，作为树懒爱好者协会的创始人，你觉得人类能从树懒的生活方式中学到什么教训吗？
And so, you know, as the founder of the Sloth Appreciation Society, do you feel like there's, like any lessons that like humans could learn from the sloth way of life?
如今，我们都非常清楚，必须更加聪明和谨慎地使用能源，如何回收能量，以及如何尊重地球。
You know, we're all very aware these days about the need to be much more clever and careful about our energy use and how to recycle energy and how to respect the planet.
我觉得树懒是可持续生活的真正典范。
And I just think sloths are really icons of sustainable living.
它们在这颗星球上生存了数千万年，正是因为它们非常擅长节约能源。
They've survived tens of millions of years on this planet because they're really good at saving energy.
所以我认为，它们在这一点上能教给我们很多东西。
And so I think they've got a whole lot to teach us about that.
它们是真正的‘抱树者’。
And they're the original tree huggers.
因此，它们应该鼓励我们所有人走出去，去拥抱一棵树。
So they should encourage us all to go out there and hug a tree.
谢谢你回答我们的问题，露西。
Thanks for answering our questions, Lucy.
我真的很享受这次访谈。
I really enjoyed this interview.
真的非常好，我非常印象深刻。
Really, really So good I'm really impressed.
谢谢大家。
Thank you, everybody.
谢谢你，露西。
Thank you, Lucy.
树懒有许多令人惊叹的适应能力或生物技巧，使它们能够过上最高效的生活。
Sloths have lots of incredible adaptations or biological tricks that allow them to live the most efficient lives.
但有一种树懒行为让科学家感到困惑，因为这完全不高效。
But there's one sloth behavior that confused scientists because it wasn't efficient at all.
你看，树懒一生都生活在高大的树上。
You see, sloth live their whole lives up in a big tall tree.
大约每周，三趾树懒都会下到地面一次。
About every week, a three toed sloth will descend.
它会从那棵高大的树上爬下来，在树根处排便。
It'll climb down from that big tall tree, and it'll poop at the base of it.
这是乔纳森·波利。
That's Jonathan Polly.
他是威斯康星大学麦迪逊分校的生态学家，研究树懒。
He's an ecologist at the University of Wisconsin Madison, and he studies sloths.
然后它会立刻爬回去。
And then it'll crawl right back up.
这种行为是非常仪式化的。
Well, this is really ritualized.
所谓仪式化，意思是它每周都会准时发生。
By ritualized, I mean, it's really every week.
这是一种它们每周都会进行的固定行为。
It's really something that they do kind of on a weekly basis.
这种排便行为令人惊讶，因为它似乎与树懒通常的行为完全相反——树懒通常会尽量节省能量。
This poop behavior was surprising because it seemed to be the opposite of what sloth usually do, which is try to use as little energy as possible.
从树上爬下来再爬上去需要耗费大量能量。
Climbing down a tree and then back up again takes a lot of energy.
它们为什么要为了排便而这样做呢？
Why would they do this just to poop?
为什么不直接在树上排便，让粪便自然掉下去呢？
Why not just poop way up in the tree and let it fall down?
此外，对于树懒来说，待在地面上是很危险的。
Plus, being on the ground is dangerous for sloths.
它们更容易被美洲豹、狗或郊狼等捕食者吃掉。
They're much more likely to be eaten by predators like a jaguar or dog or coyote.
幸运的是，对于所有好奇的人类来说，乔纳森·波利是一位真正的树懒侦探。
Lucky for us and all curious people everywhere, Jonathan Polly is something of a sloth sleuth.
他和研究伙伴扎克·皮里大约十年前就开始研究树懒了。
He and his research partner, Zach Peary, started studying sloths about ten years ago.
他们想了解的一个问题是，为什么树懒每周都要专门下树排便。
And one of the things they wanted to understand was why sloth make this weekly trek to go to the ground just to poop.
这一定很重要。
It must be important.
如果它们明明为此拼尽全力，甚至不惜以生命为代价，那一定是有好处的。
There must be a benefit if they're literally dying to do it, but also really working hard to do it too.
马上，乔纳森将为我们讲述一个类似科学侦探故事的过程。
In just a minute, Jonathan is going to walk us through a sort of scientific detective story.
这确实是一个侦探故事。
It is a detective story.
这非常有趣。
It was a lot of fun.
但首先，是时候让你的耳朵当一回侦探了。
But first, it's time for your ears to play detective.
它是
It's the
主旋律。
Master song.
就在这里。
Here it is.
K。
K.
非常短，所以我们再听一遍。
Super short, so we will hear it again.
我觉得它太短了，应该听三遍。
I feel like it's so short we should hear it three times.
就在这里。
Here it is.
好的。
Alright.
克里斯蒂娜，你的猜测是什么？
Christina, what is your guess?
我的猜测是，它像是有什么东西在敲击金属。
My guess is it's something banging against something metal.
太棒了。
Wonderful.
很好的想法。
Wonderful thought.
好吧，我们再听一遍，你们稍后还有机会再猜一次。
Well, we're gonna hear it again, so you'll have another chance to guess in just a little bit.
我们正在制作一集关于不同世代及其称呼的节目。
We are working on an episode all about generations and what we call them.
你可能听过人们提到婴儿潮一代、千禧一代或Z世代。
You may have heard people mention baby boomers, millennials, or Gen z.
所有六年级或以下的孩子都属于Alpha世代，但这个名字并没有太多含义。
Every kid sixth grade or younger is part of generation alpha, but that name doesn't mean much.
如果你可以给你的世代起一个新名字，你会叫它什么？
If you could give your generation a new name, what would it be?
录下你自己告诉我们，你会给你的世代起什么名字以及为什么。
Record yourself telling us about what you would name your generation and why.
然后让你的家长前往 brainson.org/contact 发送你的答案。
Then have your grown up head to brainson.org/contact and send us your answer.
我们会在即将播出的节目中播放其中一些答案。
We'll play some of them on our upcoming episode.
谢谢。
Thanks.
你正在收听《Brains On!》。
You are listening to brains on.
我是莫莉，现在再次播放这个谜题声音。
I'm Molly, and here is the mystery sound again.
我对它是什么有了一个新的想法。
I have a new idea on what it is.
我们再听一遍，然后我很想听听你的新想法。
Let's hear it one more time, and then I'm gonna love to hear your new idea.
好。
K.
再放一次。
One more time.
好的。
Alright.
你有什么新的想法？
What is your new thought?
是一种鸟。
It's a bird.
哦。
Oh.
提到鸟的时候，是不是让你想起了什么？
Did talking about birds sort of jog that in your memory?
是的。
Yeah.
我喜欢这个。
I love that.
听起来像一只鸟在拼命拍打翅膀。
And it sounds like a bird's flapping its wings really hard.
猜得真棒。
Excellent guess.
准备好听答案了吗？
You ready for the answer?
准备好了。
Yes.
好的。
Alright.
答案来了。
Here it is.
你好。
Hello.
我叫佩德罗·迈尔斯，刚才那个神秘声音是我家鸡拍翅膀的声音。
My name is Pedro Myers, and that was the mystery sound of my chicken flapping.
嘿。
Hey.
我知道是鸟。
I knew it was a bird.
我知道是鸟。
I knew it was a bird.
你答对了。
You got it.
满分。
A 100%.
我知道是鸟。
I knew it was a bird.
干得好。
Nice work.
非常棒。
Really great.
那是一只鸟。
It was a bird.
那是一只鸡在拼命拍打翅膀。
It was a chicken flapping its wings really hard.
就像你说的那样。
Just like you said.
是的。
Yes.
太棒了，我刚刚
Excellent I just
不知道那是什么鸟。
didn't know what type of bird it was.
对。
Yeah.
我觉得
I think
仅凭声音来辨别是什么种类的鸟会非常困难。
it would be very difficult to identify what kind of bird just by the sound.
这看起来几乎是不可能的。
It seems probably impossible.
所以我认为你已经尽可能准确地判断出来了。
So I think you got it as right on as you possibly could.
干得好。
Well done.
好的。
Alright.
我们解决了这个谜团，但现在是时候揭开‘危险排泄物之旅’的案件了。
We've solved that mystery, but now it's time to solve the case of the perilous poop journey.
你还记得我们的侦探科学家，博士吗？
You recall our detective scientist, Doctor.
乔纳森·保利正在调查此案。
Jonathan Pauli, was on the case.
他和研究伙伴试图弄清楚，为什么树懒要费劲地下到地面排便。
He and his research partner were trying to figure out why sloths would bother making their way to the ground to poop.
第一个线索：飞蛾。
The first clue, moths.
树懒的毛发里生活着一种不会飞的蛾子。
Sloths have a kind of flightless moth living in their fur.
你可以称之为树懒蛾。
A sloth moth, if you will.
就像最好的室友一样，这些蛾子不会放吵闹的音乐，也不会把盘子留在水槽里。
Like the best roommates, the moth don't play loud music or leave their dishes in the sink.
它们完全不会伤害树懒。
They don't harm the sloth at all.
它们只是陪伴着树懒。
They just keep it company.
结果发现，如果没有树懒的粪便，这些蛾子根本无法生存。
And it turns out the moth wouldn't exist without sloth poop.
当树懒下来每周排便时，雌性飞蛾会跳到粪便上产卵。
When the sloth come down for its weekly poop, female moth will jump down onto the poop and lay their eggs.
这些卵会发育成幼虫，然后幼虫会吃粪便。
Now those eggs develop into larvae, and those larvae then eat the poo.
它们实际上会在每一份树懒粪便中形成一个非常奇特的腔室，并以之为食。
They actually create a really cool chamber within each sloth dung, and it'll eat that.
它们会以树懒的粪便为食，获取自身所需的能量和营养。
It'll eat the sloth dung for its own energy and its own nutrition.
最终，它们会吃够、长够，然后化蛹并变成飞蛾。
And eventually, it will eat enough and grow enough that it will pupate and it will turn into a moth.
在那美丽而短暂的一刻，这只飞蛾拥有了飞行的能力。
And for one beautiful, fleeting moment, this moth, it has the ability to fly.
那么，这只会飞的飞蛾会做什么呢？
And so what does that flying moth do?
它会缓缓飘回树上。
Well, drifts up into the tree.
在那棵树的顶端通常有一只树懒。
At the top of that tree is often a sloth.
它们会落在树懒的毛发上。
And they land in the fur of the sloth.
当它们落在树懒的毛发上时，实际上就失去了飞行的能力。
And when they land in the fur of the sloth, they actually lose the ability to fly.
它们的翅膀变得破烂不堪，已经无法有效飞行了。
Their wings get so beaten up that they're not really able to fly effectively.
于是它们被困住了，循环就此继续。
So then they're stranded, and so the cycle continues.
好的。
Okay.
飞蛾需要树懒才能生存并繁衍更多后代。
The moth need a sloth to survive and make more moth babies.
但看起来树懒并没有从中得到任何好处。
But it doesn't seem like the sloth ain't getting anything out of it.
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这就引出了第二个线索：藻类。
That brings us to the second clue, algae.
因此我们意识到，树懒身上的飞蛾越多，它毛发上的藻类也越多。
And so what we realized is that the more moths that a sloth has on its fur, the more algae that a sloth has on its fur.
树懒身上长着厚厚的绿色藻类，使它们能很好地与树木融为一体。
Sloths carry really thick mats of green algae that make them blend in very well with the trees.
其背后的原理是，如果你浑身翠绿并携带着这些藻类，像哈比鹰这样依靠视觉捕猎的动物就更难发现你。
The idea being that if you're really green and you carry this algae, these things like harpy eagles, which use vision to hunt, won't see you as well.
所以你或许就能避免被杀死。
So maybe you'll be able to avoid being killed.
当这些飞蛾一生都生活在树懒的毛发中时，它们最终会死亡并开始分解，为树懒背上的藻类提供养分，使其更具抵御捕食者的保护作用。
So as these moths live their whole lives in the sloth's fur, they eventually die and start decomposing, feeding the algae on the sloth's back and making it more protective from predators.
但这并不是它们有意识在做的事情。
Now this is not something that they're thinking of.
它们并不会想：‘哦，我得去排便，这样才能让我的藻类活下去。’
They're not thinking, oh, I gotta go poop so I can keep my algae alive.
完全不是。
Not at all.
这是一种间接的好处，那些有这种行为、保留飞蛾的树懒，其身上的藻类更多，因而活得更久。
It's one of those indirect benefits that those sloths that do this behavior and maintain their moths have the algae and live longer.
这就是乔纳森破解了危险排便之旅之谜的方法。
And that's how Jonathan solved the case of the perilous poop journey.
这一切都始于一个问题。
And it all started with a question.
多问问题是好事。
It's good to ask questions.
这应该是我们每天都在做的事。
That's what we should be doing every day.
多亏了乔纳森的问题意识和侦探工作，我们也知道了树懒是世界上行动最慢的哺乳动物。
And thanks to Jonathan's questions and detective work, we also know sloths are the slowest mammals in the world.
但还有一些其他行动缓慢的动物也值得被认可。
But there are some other slow animals that deserve to be recognized as well.
这正是展示‘你以为你能慢动作’的完美时机。
Sounds like the perfect time for so you think you can slow mo.
欢迎回到《你以为你能慢动作》，你最耗时的才艺秀。
Welcome back to so you think you can slow mo, your top time consuming talent show.
我是主持人，西德·慢吞吞。
I'm your host, Sid Slothworthy.
让我们认识今天的参赛者，肯尼考拉。
Let's meet today's contestants, Kenny Koala
你好啊，老兄。
Good day, mate.
布洛克，香蕉蛞蝓。
Brock the banana slug
能来这里真是太棒了，兄弟。
Super slime to be here, bro.
还有蒂娜，乌龟。
And Tina the tortoise.
嗨。
Hiya.
今天你们每个人都有机会展示你们最慢的技能。
Each of you will have a chance to showcase your slowest skills today.
那么，你们准备好参加慢动作展示了吗？
So are you ready for the slow mo show off?
哦，那当然。
Oh, you know it.
是的。
Yes.
赌定了。
Bet.
Kenny Koala，你今天要为我们表演什么？
Kenny Koala, what will you be doing for us today?
天哪。
Crikey.
我觉得我最拿手的本事就是睡觉。
I reckon my best talent is napping.
首先，我会慢慢爬上一棵桉树，找一个绝佳的位置，然后舒服地躺下。
First, I slowly scale a eucalyptus tree, find an ace spot, and get comfortable.
接着我就会开始打盹。
Then I'll start to doze off.
我通常每天至少睡十八个小时。
I usually sleep for at least eighteen hours a day.
如果我饿了，我就随便摘点桉树叶当零食吃。
And if I get hungry, I'll just nab a bit of eucalyptus to snack on.
但是，肯尼，桉树不是有毒的吗？
But, Kenny, isn't eucalyptus poisonous?
嗯，老兄，对大多数人来说，是的。
Well, mate, to most everyone else, yes.
但考拉能排出毒素，所以我能吃掉好几磅的树叶，却从不生病。
But koalas can flush out the toxins, meaning I can eat pounds of leaves without ever getting sick.
不过这些叶子提供的能量不多，所以我得睡觉。
The leaves don't give me much energy though, so I have to nap.
哇哦。
Wow.
哇。
Wee.
这真是太了不起了。
That's mighty impressive.
谢谢你，肯尼。
Thanks, Kenny.
肯尼？
Kenny?
他睡着了。
And he's fallen asleep.
好吧，接下来是下一位参赛者。
Well, on to the next contestant.
接下来登场的是布罗克——香蕉蛞蝓，他将带来世界上最慢、最黏腻的桑巴舞。
Here to perform the world's slowest and slimiest samba, it's Brock the banana slug.
向右扭动一下，向左扭动一下。
A shimmy to the right, a shimmy to the left.
你看他如何在舞台上滑行。
Just look at him slide across that stage.
他花了好长时间。
It's taking him ages.
我每分钟能移动六点五英寸，这还是我赶时间的时候。
I move at a whopping six and a half inches per minute, and that's if I'm in a rush.
你的舞姿让我完全着迷了。
I'm absolutely mesmerized by your moves.
你的秘诀是什么，布罗克？
What's your secret, Brock?
全靠这黏液，老兄。
It's all in the slime, dude.
这黏液不仅帮助我滑行，还能保护我免受那些想偷学我舞步或吃掉我的捕食者。
Not only does it help me glide, but it protects me from predators trying to cop these moves and from eating me.
这黏液可是最毒的，兄弟。
This slime is most poisonous, bro.
一位防御型舞者。
A defensive dancer.
我们太喜欢看了。
We love to see it.
谢谢你，Brock。
Thank you, Brock.
好的。
Okay.
最后但同样重要的是，来自加拉帕戈斯群岛的，是Tina乌龟。
Last but not least, all the way from the Galapagos Islands, we have Tina the tortoise.
Tina，你为我们准备了什么才艺？
Tina, what talent do you have for us?
我带了点零食，因为我是我认识的最慢吞吞的 Grazing 者。
I brought a snack because I'm the most gradual grazer I know.
让我理清楚一下。
Let me get this straight.
你的才艺就是吃？
Your talent is eating?
嗯，算是吧。
Well, kind of.
我新陈代谢特别慢，这意味着我的身体需要很长时间才能把食物转化为能量。
I have a super slow metabolism, which means it takes a long time for my body to transform food into energy.
我可以整整一年不吃不喝。
I can go up to a whole year without eating or drinking a single thing.
真的吗。
Legit.
懒洋洋的。
Lethargic.
这真是个超慢的胃。
That is one slow stomach.
现在我们等着吧。
And now we wait.
这可能得花上一段时间。
This could take a while.
看来今天的时间就到这里了。
Looks like that's all the time we have for today.
我们几周后再回访蒂娜。
We'll check back in with Tina in a couple of weeks.
谢谢观看。
Thanks for watching.
所以你觉得你能慢动作吗？
So you think you can slow mo.
树懒并不懒。
Sloths aren't lazy.
它们只是过着极其节能的生活。
They just live extremely energy efficient lives.
它们拥有各种惊人的适应能力，使它们能够快乐而缓慢地生活在树上。
They have all sorts of amazing adaptations that allow them to live happily and slowly up in the trees.
三趾树懒每周都会进行一次危险的排便旅程，但这是为了支持它们的飞蛾朋友和藻类伪装。
Three toed sloths make a dangerous pooping journey once a week, but they do it in support of their moth friends and algae camouflage.
就像树懒一样，其他动物也利用缓慢的特性来生存。
Just like sloths, other animals use their slow nature as a way to survive.
哇。
Wow.
这些事实真是太树懒了。
These facts are totally slothsome.
有人吗？
Anybody?
来吧。
Come on.
哦，桑丁。
Oh, Sandin.
本期《大脑之城》就到这里。
That's it for this episode of Brains On.
《大脑之城》由梅内卡·威廉姆尔、赫尔姆、桑丁·托顿、马克·桑切斯和莫莉·布洛姆制作。
Brains On is produced by Meneka Wilhelm, helm, Sandin Totten, Mark Sanchez, and Molly Bloom.
我们得到了露比·加特里和克里斯蒂娜·洛佩兹的制作协助，以及维罗妮卡·罗德里格斯和亚历杭德罗·胡安的工程支持。
We had production help from Ruby Guthrie and Christina Lopez and engineering help from Veronica Rodriguez and Alejandro Juan.
特别感谢凯西·阿鲁、卢佩·多斯桑托斯、罗斯·杜邦、保罗·加特里和杰克·西尔弗纳格尔。
Special thanks to Kathy Arue, Lupe dos Santos, Rosie DuPont, Paul Guthrie, and Jack Silvernagle.
现在是大脑荣誉榜时间。
Now it's time for the brain's honor roll.
这些了不起的孩子们通过他们的提问、想法、神秘声音、绘画和击掌，让这个节目持续运转。
These are the incredible kids who keep the show going with their questions, ideas, mystery sounds, drawings, and high fives.
来自加利福尼亚州洛斯加托斯的阿尼，来自澳大利亚奥兰加的奥利弗，来自香港的戈登，来自佛罗里达州巴拿马城海滩的奥菲莉亚和吉妮弗，来自纽约沃尔登的亨利，来自亚特兰大的莱拉，来自宾夕法尼亚的里弗，来自堪萨斯州欧弗兰帕克的诺拉和伊森，来自印第安纳州南本德的尼科，来自加利福尼亚州波尔塔拉谷的扎娜，来自加利福尼亚州奥黑的埃弗莉和萨顿，来自伦敦的丹尼尔，来自佐治亚州米德兰的罗伯特，来自伊利诺伊州钱戈的尤里亚、阿里和博迪，来自田纳西州琼斯伯勒的埃默森，来自华盛顿州枫谷的玛德琳和朱莉安娜，来自加利福尼亚州奥尔巴尼的马拉亚和妮亚，来自萨克拉门托的伊沙恩，来自澳大利亚墨尔本的阿奇，来自牛津的阿梅莉，来自加利福尼亚州克洛维斯的阿里和艾米，来自加拿大安大略省剑桥的米兰，来自迪拜的吉布兰，来自宾夕法尼亚的布莱斯，来自弗吉尼亚州亚历山大港的本顿，来自辛辛那提的奥斯卡，来自特拉华州纽瓦克的佩内洛普，来自德克萨斯州奥斯汀的阿德娜和阿里斯，来自澳大利亚的佩斯利，来自亚特兰大的亚瑟和安德烈，来自俄勒冈州波特兰的乔，来自纽约布鲁克林的格雷森，来自不列颠哥伦比亚省的埃默森，来自明尼苏达州圣保罗的维拉和奥黛丽，来自洛杉矶的杰弗里，来自加拿大阿尔伯塔省埃德蒙顿的拉切尔和詹姆斯，来自加拿大安大略省惠特比的杰克，来自英国布里斯托的马洛，来自多伦多的马利，来自伊利诺伊州埃文斯顿的PJ，来自澳大利亚蓝港的扎克，来自英国谢菲尔德的哈维，来自加拿大阿尔伯塔省卡尔加里的基翁，来自科罗拉多州利特尔顿的玛格丽特和加伦，来自宾夕法尼亚州格林斯堡的卢卡，来自马萨诸塞州的泰莎，来自凤凰城的亨利，来自北卡罗来纳州康科德的桑贾纳，来自德克萨斯州阿灵顿的露西、杰克、加特里和罗斯，来自康涅狄格州戴维尔的马修，来自底特律的哈珀，来自佐治亚州的弗兰基，来自华盛顿州雷德蒙德的马歇尔，来自犹他州的卡门，来自澳大利亚维多利亚的艾迪，来自新泽西州韦恩的肖恩，来自北卡罗来纳州阿什维尔的弗朗西斯和汉西，来自纽约尼斯尤纳的斯凯，来自德克萨斯州休斯顿的伊芙琳，来自加利福尼亚州圣克鲁斯的米拉，以及来自马萨诸塞州索格斯的阿斯特雷拉、吉奥和西斯。
Avni from Los Gatos, California, Oliver from Oranga, Australia, Gordon from Hong Kong, Ophelia and Guinevere from Panama City Beach, Florida, Henry from Walden, New York, Lyra from Atlanta, River from Pennsylvania, Nora and Ethan from Overland Park, Kansas, Nico from South Bend, Indiana, Zana from Portola Valley, California, Everly and Sutton from Ojai, California, Daniel from London, England, Robert from Midland, Georgia, Uriah, Ari, and Bodhi from Chango, Illinois, Emerson from Jones Boro, Tennessee, Madeline and Juliana from Maple Valley, Washington, Malaya and Nia from Albany, California, Ishaan from Sacramento, Archie from Melbourne, Australia, Amelie from Oxford, England, Ali and Emmy from Clovis, California, Milan from Cambridge, Ontario, Gibran from Dubai, Blaise from Pennsylvania, Benton from Alexandria, Virginia, Oscar from Cincinnati, Penelope from Newark, Delaware, Adena and Arise from Austin, Texas, Paisley from Australia, Arthur and Andre from Atlanta, Joe from Portland, Oregon, Grayson from Brooklyn, New York, Emerson from British Columbia, Vera and Audrey from Saint Paul, Minnesota, Jeffrey from Los Angeles, Rachel and James from Edmonton, Alberta, Jack from Whitby, Ontario, Marlo from Bristol UK, Marley from Toronto, PJ from Evanston, Illinois, Zach from Blue Haven, Australia, Harvey from Sheffield, England, Keon from Calgary, Alberta, Margaret and Galen from Littleton, Colorado, Luca from Greensburg, Pennsylvania, Tessa from Massachusetts, Henry from Phoenix, Sanjana from Concord, North Carolina, Lucy, Jack, Guthrie, and Rose from Arlington, Texas, Matthew from Dayville, Connecticut, Harper from Detroit, Frankie from Georgia, Marshall from Redmond, Washington, Carmen from Utah, Edie from Victoria, Australia, Sean from Wayne, New Jersey, Francis and Hansi from Asheville, North Carolina, Sky from Niska Yuna, New York, Evelyn from Houston, Texas, Mira from Santa Cruz, California, and Astrella, Gio, and Cece from Saugus, Massachusetts.
我们很快就会回来，为您解答更多问题。
We'll be back soon with more answers to your questions.
谢谢收听。
Thanks for listening.
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