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嗨。
Hi.
你正在收听《Brains On》。
You're listening to Brains On.
这是一个展示超棒孩子和他们超棒之处的节目。
A show featuring awesome kids and the stuff that makes kids awesome.
那你知道为什么有些食物对大人来说比对孩子更好吃吗?
So do you know why some foods taste better to adults than they do to kids?
反过来也一样。
And vice versa.
你知道食物尝完味道之后会怎么样吗?
Do you know what happens to food once you're done tasting it?
你知道怎么做春卷吗?
Do you know how to make a spring roll?
现在我们就来聊聊这些。
We'll cover all that right now.
继续收听。
Keep listening.
你正在收听的是Brains On。
You're listening to Brains On.
我是Molly Bloom,今天和我一起的是……
I'm Molly Bloom, and here with me today is...
你为什么不介绍一下自己呢?
Why don't you introduce yourself?
好的。
Okay.
我是Ian Roberts,我上六年级。
I'm Ian Roberts, and I'm in the sixth grade.
Ian今天会和我一起主持节目,我们今天要从“你”这个环节开始。
Ian will be here sharing hosting duties with me, and we're gonna start the show today in You the
你想结束了吗?
wanna wrap it up?
我是Kirsten,今年12岁。
I'm Kirsten, and I'm 12 years old.
我是Emily,我六岁半。
I'm Emily, and I'm 6.5.
我喜欢做这个。
I love making these.
真的很好玩。
It's really fun.
所以她们是Emerson姐妹,她们很热情地邀请我们过来教我们怎么做春卷。
So those are the Emerson sisters, and they were kind enough to invite us over to show us how to make spring rolls.
把春卷皮放进温水里泡几秒钟。
Are taking spring roll wrappers and putting them into warm water for a couple seconds.
然后……
And then...
Emmy,你想不想……
Emmy, do you want...
你想加什么?
Add what you want?
我们放了一些黄瓜。
We put some cucumbers.
然后我们有一些虾。
Then we have some Shrimp.
虾、薄荷和香菜。
Shrimp, mint, and cilantro.
他们说春卷很有趣,因为你可以放任何东西进去,蔬菜、肉、香草,然后还可以蘸美味的酱汁。
They said spring rolls are fun because you can put really anything in them, vegetables, meat, herbs, and then you get to dip them in delicious sauces.
我们正在把它折起来包好。
We're folding it and wrapping it up.
首先,你卷一半左右,然后把两边折进去,再把剩下的部分折好。
First, you roll kind of, like, half of it, then fold in the sides, then fold in the rest of the way.
这两个女孩很喜欢做饭。
These girls love to cook.
艾米,你喜欢做什么吃的?
What do you like to make, Emmy?
我喜欢做我的花生酱早餐。
I like to make my peanut butter breakfast.
就是拿麦片,放香蕉和花生酱,然后搅拌在一起。
It's where you get granola and you put bananas and peanut butter and mix them all together.
真的很好吃。
It's really good.
这也造就了一些相当勇敢的吃货。
And that makes some pretty adventurous eaters too.
我喜欢每一种……
I like every...
嗯,基本上我试过的都喜欢。
Well, pretty much everything I try.
不过大家都喜欢巧克力蛋糕。
But everybody likes chocolate cake.
我也喜欢巧克力蛋糕。
I like chocolate cake too.
他们告诉我们,做饭的时候会用到所有的感官。
And they told us that they use all their senses when they cook.
味觉。
Taste.
嗅觉。
Smell.
我经常用嗅觉来确认我喜欢这个味道。
I use it a lot to make sure that I like it.
我们一会儿再回到味觉和嗅觉这些感官上,但首先我们要聊聊另一个感官。
We're gonna get back to some of those senses like taste and smell in a second, but first we're gonna go to a different sense.
我们要来听一听。
We're going to listen.
那么,伊恩,你准备好听神秘声音了吗?
So, Ian, are you ready for the mystery sound?
好的。
Okay.
我们再听一遍。
We'll one hear more time.
你有什么猜测吗?
Do have any guesses?
听起来有点像某种爆炸声。
It sounds sort of like an explosion of some sort.
猜得挺不错的。
That's a pretty good guess.
而且这跟做饭有关。
And so it has to do with cooking.
哦,我觉得可能是炒菜之类的?
Oh, I think maybe kind of a stir fry?
有意思,这个猜测很有意思。
Interesting, interesting guess.
所以,在你还在琢磨那个神秘声音的时候,我们接下来要好好聊聊味觉。
So while you're puzzling over the mystery sound, we're going to find out all about tasting.
我们的朋友桑丁·托顿采访了七年级科学老师约翰·艾弗森。
Our friend Sandin Totten spoke with seventh grade science teacher John Iverson.
我们先从第一个问题开始吧。
Let's start with the first question.
什么是味觉?
What is taste?
味觉就是你的舌头碰到某种化学物质时产生的感觉。
Taste would be when your tongue hits upon a chemical.
这种化学物质会作为信号传给大脑,然后大脑告诉你,这是甜的或者这是酸的。
The chemical is then sent as a message to your brain, and your brain says, that's sweet or that's sour.
那到底有几种味觉呢?
So how many tastes are there?
目前大多数科学家认为我们有五种。
Five that most scientists currently say we all have.
所以一共有五种味道。
So there are five tastes.
分别是咸、苦、甜、酸,还有鲜味。
We have salt, bitter, sweet, sour, and umami.
最后一种是什么?
What's that last one?
最后一种是个日语词,意思是鲜美或者浓郁。
That last one is a Japanese word that means savory or hearty.
这种味道,美国和欧洲的大多数人直到最近才认识。
It's a it's a flavor that most people in The United States and Europe didn't recognize until just recently.
所以这是一种新的味道。
So it's a new taste.
这是一种我们一直都有,但最近才被认识的新味道。
It's a new taste that we've always had all along.
鲜味。
Umami.
好的。
Okay.
那再跟我说说,舌头是怎么工作的?
So tell me again, tell me a little bit how the tongue works.
舌头本身是肌肉,但上面有一层薄薄的皮肤,里面有很多不同的细胞,这些就是味觉感受器。
The tongue, a muscle underneath, but there's a thin layer of skin that has many different cells that are taste receptors.
我们的味觉感受器遍布整个舌头,嘴里也有,喉咙最前面也有一点。
We do have taste receptors all over the tongue, a little bit inside the mouth, and a little bit in the very first part of your throat as well.
我们能看见味觉感受器吗?
Can we see the taste receptors?
能。
Yes.
你可以看见味蕾。
You can see the taste buds.
如果你拿一根蓝色的冰棒,放在舌头上几分钟,让舌头整个变蓝。
If you actually take a blue popsicle and you just put it right on your tongue for a number of minutes, get your tongue all blue.
你伸出舌头,照镜子的时候,能看到那些小白点。
When you stick your tongue out, look in the mirror, you can see all these little white dots.
那些就是你的味蕾。
Those are your taste buds.
嘴里有多少个?
How many does the mouth have?
这个因人而异。
It it depends on on the person.
有人说大概三千个,也有人说最多一万个。
Some people would say we have anywhere from 3,000 and some people would say up to 10,000.
我嘴里有一万个味蕾?
10,000 taste buds in my mouth?
那算什么。
Well, that's nothing.
鲶鱼自己就有将近一万五千个。
Catfish have close to 15,000 themselves.
而且它们不光用舌头尝味道,它们的触须,也就是那些胡须,也能尝味道。
And not only do they taste with their tongue, but they also have these barbels, these whiskers.
这就是它们被称为鲶鱼的原因。
That's what they call catfish.
那些触须也用来感知味道。
Those are used to sense taste as well.
所以它们的胡须上也有味蕾?
So they have taste buds on their whiskers?
是的。
Yes.
有些鱼甚至用它们的鳍和部分鳞片来尝味道。
Some fish actually taste with their fins and their parts of their scales as well.
还有哪些其他动物用不同的方式尝味道呢?
What are some other animals, that taste in different ways?
有些蝴蝶用脚上的传感器来尝味道。
Some butterflies taste with sensors on their feet.
蚂蚁的下颚上也有味蕾。
Ants, as well have parts of their jaw that have taste buds on them.
还有像蟑螂这样的生物,它们会用触角来感知味道。
There's also things like cockroaches will sense taste with their antenna.
有些蝴蝶用脚上的传感器来尝味道。
Some butterflies taste with sensors on their feet.
你觉得用脚尝味道会是什么感觉?
How do you think it would be to taste with your feet?
我觉得那会挺恶心的。
I think it would be pretty gross.
每天早上穿袜子的时候,
You'd taste your socks every morning
你都会尝到袜子的味道。
when you put them on.
那肯定不太好。
That probably wouldn't be good.
所以这是……
So is this...
那次采访里有什么让你觉得意外或者有意思的地方吗?
And did any of that surprise you in that interview or anything interesting to you?
我对鲶鱼挺感兴趣的。
I was interested by the cat fish.
它的味蕾比我们人类还多。
It has more taste buds than we do.
我在想……
I wonder...
有时候我会想,我们在品尝的时候,到底错过了什么。
Sometimes I wonder what we're missing when we're tasting.
不过那位先生也提到,其实小孩的味蕾比大人多,这个我们待会儿会讲到。
But the guy was saying too that actually kids, and we'll get to this in a little bit, have more taste buds than adults do.
这也就是为什么你可能不喜欢你父母喜欢的那些食物。
And that's actually why you might not like all the same foods that your parents like.
对你来说,它们的味道更重。
They taste stronger to you.
所以稍后我们会听到更多关于品尝的内容,而且我们还会亲自品尝一下。
So we'll hear even more about tasting in a little bit, and we'll get to do some tasting ourselves.
不过,让我们回到那个神秘的声音。
But let's go back to that mystery sound.
你之前的猜测是爆炸声或者炒菜声。
So your previous guesses were an explosion or a stir fry.
但这其实是杰西卡·巴特尔最喜欢的烹饪声音。
But this is actually Jessica Bartle's favorite cooking sound.
她是一位专业厨师,她有一个线索要给你。
She's a professional chef and she has a clue for you.
嗯,它是一个高高的圆柱体,上面有一个带螺纹的小接头,顶部是一个方便握住的把手。
Well, it's a tall cylinder with, a little threaded connector and then the top of it is a nice convenient handle that'll hold on.
你可以抓住它,握住它。
You can grab it, hold on to it.
有一个旋钮控制煤气的开关,还有一个小扳机。
There's a knob that opens and closes the gas and a little trigger.
听了这个之后,还有别的猜测吗?
So any more guesses after this?
没有,我觉得这个描述让我比之前更糊涂了。
No, I think that made me a little more lost than before.
这是她用来烘焙的工具,但不是那种你一下子就能想到的东西。
So it's a tool that she uses for baking, but it's not necessarily something that you might think of right away.
那就是……
It's...
准备好了吗?
You ready?
准备好了?
Ready?
我们可以再听一遍这个声音。
We can hear this sound one more time.
好的。
Sure.
还有最后的猜测吗?
Any last guesses?
也许是利用压缩空气的东西?
Maybe something using pressurized air?
听起来……
It sounds...
是的。
Yes.
是喷灯。
It's a blowtorch.
什么?
What?
喷灯?
A blowtorch?
我知道。
I know.
你觉得在烘焙里这东西能用来干什么?
What would you imagine you would use that for in baking?
也许,像是试着把什么东西敲开。
Maybe, like, trying to crack something open.
我……
I've...
我们家后院有棵核桃树,我当时想试着把核桃敲开。
We have a walnut tree in our backyard, and I was trying to, like, crack the nuts open.
根本敲不开。
It was impossible.
那你怎么办了?
So what did you do?
最后我把核桃泡在水里一两天,然后晾干,这样壳就变得很脆,然后就能敲开了。
I eventually soaked them in water for, like, a day or two, then let them dry So the shells were really brittle, and then I could crack
把它敲开,取出果仁。
it crack it open and get the nut.
那很聪明。
That's very smart.
好,我们来听听杰西卡是怎么用它的。
Well, let's let's hear from Jessica how she uses it
用在焦糖布丁和蛋糕上,用来焦糖化、软化、融化,还有帮助东西粘合和固定。
with Brulets her and cakes and caramelizing and softening and melting and helping things stick and glue.
所以她几乎什么都用得上。
So she was there for, like, everything.
哇。
Wow.
所以她……
So she...
比如你看到那些小焦糖布丁,就是上面有一层焦糖的小布丁。
You know, like, when you see those little creme brulees, they're little, like, puddings with the top.
全都是硬的。
It's all hard.
所以当你把糖放在明火上烤,它就会变得又硬又脆,就像那样。
So when you take sugar and you put an open flame on it, it gets kind of hard and crunchy like that.
我太震惊了。
I'm blown away.
那是喷灯。
It's a blowtorch.
击个掌。
High five.
太棒了。
That was great.
大脑在线。
Brains On.
所以……
So...
好的。
Alright.
那我们回到桑丁和约翰·艾弗森那里。
So we're gonna go back to Sandin and John Iverson.
所以,如果你想跟着他们一起品尝,就像我和伊恩要做的那样,你需要准备几种不同的食物。
So if you wanna taste along with them, like Ian and I are gonna do, you will need to get your hands on a few different kinds of foods.
咸的东西?
Something salty?
比如薯片或者椒盐脆饼。
So that would be like chips or pretzels.
或者甜的东西?
Or maybe something sweet?
比如干果、饼干或者糖果。
And that would be like dried fruit or cookies or candy.
苦的东西也要吗?
Maybe something bitter too?
比如菠菜、欧芹之类的。
That would be like spinach, parsley, stuff like that.
那酸的呢?
Something sour?
就是柠檬、青柠。
It's a lemon, lime.
最后但同样重要的是,咸鲜味。
And last but not least, savory.
那可以是牛肉干、蘑菇,甚至奶酪。
So that could be beef jerky or mushrooms or even cheese.
那我们就开始品尝吧。
So let's get started with the tasting.
开始吧。
Here we go.
约翰,一共有多少种味道?
So John, how many tastes are there?
五种味道。
Five tastes.
我们来聊聊这些味道。
And let's talk about them.
先从酸味开始。
So let's start with sour.
我们面前有什么?
What do we got in front of us?
我们有一个青柠,我不仅能看到它——看不同的食物也是味觉体验的一部分——而且我还能闻到它,我已经能闻到它的味道了。
We have a lime and not only can I see it, which is another part of our taste sensations is looking at different foods, Also I can smell it, I can already smell it?
光凭这个气味,我就能预感到它会是酸的。
I can just anticipate that it's going to be sour just from the smell.
当你预感到食物的时候会发生什么?
What happens when you can anticipate food?
你嘴里的唾液腺会开始分泌唾液。
Your saliva starts to run out of your salivary glands in your mouth.
现在我已经能感觉到脸颊在收紧,知道马上就会这样。
In this case I can already feel my cheeks tightening up knowing that they're gonna be doing that in a second.
好的。
Okay.
那我们就来聊聊
So we're gonna talk
酸这个味道。
about the taste sour.
来吧。
Let's do it.
好。
Alright.
那我们拿这个青柠。
So we're taking the lime here.
好的。
Okay.
我就咬一小口。
I'm just gonna take a little bite.
好的。
Alright.
来吧。
Let's do it.
准备好了吗?
Ready?
好。
Okay.
我已经感觉到了。
I can feel it already.
开始了吗?
Happened?
我脸颊后面的肌肉开始绷紧了。
Back muscles in my cheeks just start to tighten
我真的很喜欢这种感觉。
up I so like it.
你喜欢吗?
You like it?
我的唾液腺开始分泌越来越多的唾液,确保嘴里不再有酸味。
And my salivary glands start to pump out more and more saliva to make sure that my mouth doesn't have the sour taste in it anymore.
那我们这里有什么呢?
So what have we got here?
我们有一些菠菜叶,这些尝起来怎么样?
We have some spinach greens and these taste what?
这些很苦,非常苦,有时候吃苦的食物会让你觉得这东西不该吃。
These are bitter very bitter and you get the sensation with bitter food sometimes that isn't something that you should be eating.
大多数科学家认为,在我们有标签标明这是食物、那不是食物之前,这很可能是身体在告诉我们,你吃的东西对你不好。
It seems to most scientists reasonable that before we had labels that said this is food, is not food, that this was our body's way of saying what you're eating isn't going to be good for you.
也许这就是为什么现在孩子们不喜欢吃蔬菜的原因。
Maybe that's why today kids don't like eating their vegetables.
他们可能觉得这是有毒的。
They're thinking maybe this is poison.
我肯定以前听过孩子们这么说。
I'm sure I've heard kids say that before.
我自己孩子也这么说过,作为家长我告诉你,你躲不掉的,还是得吃蔬菜。
I've heard my own kids say that and believe me as a parent I'll tell you, you're not gonna get away with it, you still should eat your greens.
好了。
Alright.
我们来吃点蔬菜吧。
Let's eat some greens.
好的。
Okay.
我不是特别喜欢吃菠菜。
I'm not a huge fan of spinach.
你呢?
Are you?
我也不喜欢。
I'm not either.
那我们还是试试?
Should we do it anyway?
好啊。
Sure.
行。
Okay.
准备好了吗?
Ready?
一、二、三。
One, two, three.
竖起大拇指。
Thumbs up.
就在我喉咙后面,我能尝到那个味道。
Right in the back of my mouth, I get the taste.
舌尖上,我几乎尝不到菠菜的味道。
On the tip of my tongue, I don't really taste the spinach very much at all.
我得说蒲公英更难吃。
I have to say dandelions are worse.
你吃过蒲公英吗?
Have you ever eaten a dandelion?
没有。
No.
它们尝起来是什么味道?
What do they taste like?
就是苦得难以置信。
It's just like bitter beyond belief.
就像没有咖啡味的咖啡。
It's like coffee without the taste of coffee.
纯粹就是苦的精髓。
It's just essence of bitter.
差不多吧。
Ish.
我们接着来尝尝大家最喜欢的甜食。
Let's move on to everybody's favorite sweet.
你们知道这是什么吗?
So you know what these are?
菠萝干。
Dried pineapple.
这个尝起来很甜。
And this tastes very sweet.
好,我们直接开始吧。
Well, let's just jump right into it.
你是在哪里尝到的?
Who are you where are you tasting it?
就在我舌尖的正中间。
The very middle of my tongue.
我很喜欢这个味道。
I like this taste a lot.
我们吃甜的东西时会发生什么?
What happens when we eat sweet things?
你会感到开心。
You feel happy.
你感到开心吗?
You feel happy?
你的舌头,我会说,就像爆发出一阵巨大的喜悦,啊,我有糖了。
Your tongue just, I would say, just erupts in this great joyous, ah, I have sugar.
我嘴里有我想要的东西。
I have things that I want in my mouth.
我注意到你吃的菠萝比菠菜多得多。
I noticed that you ate much more of the pineapple than the spinach.
好吧,我们都有自己偏爱的。
Well, you know, we all have our favorites.
那你平时最喜欢吃什么甜食?
So what's your favorite sweet usually?
我最喜欢的甜食啊。
My favorite sweet thing.
小时候的话,那肯定是糖果。
Well, being a kid, I'd have to say candy.
万圣节刚过,现在正是想吃甜的时候。
Now that Halloween was just over, you know, sweet craving.
你的万圣节糖果是不是已经全吃完了?
Did you eat all your Halloween candy already?
我不知道。
I don't know.
能吃多久?
How long?
我一般会省着吃,能吃到一月份。
I usually, like, ration it, and it lasts me till January.
那挺不错的。
That's pretty good.
那,比如说……
So, like, what is...
你会先吃某些特定的糖果吗?
Do you eat certain ones first?
我一般喜欢酸的东西。
I usually like the tart things.
我会先吃那些。
I eat them first.
然后慢慢吃到那些巧克力葡萄干,就是有些疯狂的家长会发的。
And I slowly work down to, like, the chocolate covered raisins that some crazy parent hands out.
所以你不喜欢那些?
So you're not a fan of those?
不喜欢。
No.
但你还是会吃。
But you eat them anyway.
大多数孩子都偏爱甜食。
Sweets are something that most children prefer.
随着年龄增长,你对甜食的渴望会越来越淡。
And as you get older, your sense of desire or wanting for sweet foods becomes less and less.
年纪大了,口味会变。
As you get older, your tastes change.
这是为什么呢?
Why is that?
为什么会变呢?
Why do they change?
随着年龄增长,身体不断更新细胞,包括死去的皮肤细胞,还有味蕾或味觉细胞。
As you grow older, your body continually replaces cells, skin cells that die, also taste buds or taste cells that die.
一些科学家认为,年纪越大,更新的数量就越少。
And some scientists believe that you don't replace as many as you get older.
所以你对食物的苦味就没那么在意了,这就是为什么成年人比孩子更能接受咖啡。
So you're not so concerned about the bitterness of foods, that's why more adults handle coffee than children.
而且可能有些甜味味蕾没有被替换,这就说得通了,成年人不像孩子那样渴望甜食。
And also perhaps some of the sweet taste buds don't get replaced and that would make sense that the adults don't crave the sweets as much as children do.
所以孩子和成年人的舌头可能真的不一样,这就是为什么我们喜欢吃不同的食物。
So kids and adults might actually have different tongues that's why we like to eat different foods.
好,我们接着说说咸味。
Well let's move on to salty.
我们有时候会特别想吃咸的。
We crave salt at times.
这是为什么呢?
Why is that?
我们每次出去跑步出汗的时候,身体都会流失盐分。
Our body loses salt every time we go out for a run and we sweat.
所以我们的汗是咸的,因为它里面全是盐?
So our sweat is salty because it's full of salt?
为了让身体完成我们想做的所有事情,比如思考、跳跃、睡觉,我们都需要盐。
For our bodies to do all the things we want it to do, to think, to jump, to sleep, we need salt in ourselves.
我们试着补充点盐吧。
Let's try getting some salt back in ourselves.
我这里有些薯片。
I got some chips here.
我闻到了,就知道它肯定是咸的。
I can smell it, and I already know it's gonna be salty.
所以你是个喜欢咸味的人。
So you're a salty guy.
对,是的。
So Oh, yeah.
我在想,你是不是因为比较活跃所以更喜欢盐,就像他说的,你会流失很多盐分。
I wonder if you like salt more because maybe you're, like, active because, like he was saying, you kinda lose a lot of salt.
我确实有慢跑这个爱好。
I do actually jog as a hobby.
所以你看,也许这就是你渴望盐分的原因。
So there you go, maybe that's why you crave salt.
咸味和口渴之间有什么联系呢?
What's the connection between saltiness and thirstiness?
实际上,盐会从物体中吸走水分。
Salt actually removes moisture from things.
盐会让东西变得很干,以至于我们想补充口腔里的水分。
Salt dries things out so much that we want to replace the water in our mouth.
我们光靠唾液往往不够,所以才会感到口渴。
We can't always do it with the saliva we have and that's why we get thirsty.
现在我们来看最后一种味道。
Now let's go on to the last taste here.
鲜味,也就是咸鲜味。
Umami or savory.
哦,看来你给我们带了牛肉干来尝鲜味。
Oh looks like you brought some beef jerky for us for the savory taste.
好,我们来试试。
Yeah let's try it out.
哦,很有嚼劲。
Oh very chewy.
不好吃。
Not good.
我们边嚼边听
While we're chewing, we'll hear
他们怎么说。
what they say about it.
好的。
Sure.
我能感觉到这很有营养,是身体真正需要的东西。
I can know that this is nourishing, that it's something my body really does need.
为什么你的身体需要牛肉干呢?
Why does your body need beef jerky?
其实不一定非得是牛肉干,但肉本身,蛋白质,是我们身体很多部分的基石。
It doesn't necessarily need beef jerky, but the the meat itself, the protein, this is the building block of a lot of our body.
特别是我们的肌肉,需要蛋白质来维持功能,并且不断增长,变得更大更强壮。
Our muscles in particular need the protein to keep doing what they're doing and to grow and grow bigger and stronger.
所以,如果我们的身体是一台乐高机器,那么牛肉里的蛋白质就像小乐高积木,我们用它们来搭建更大更好的机器。
So if our bodies were a Lego machine, the beef has proteins, which are like the little Lego pieces we use to build a bigger and better machine.
没错。
That'd be correct.
大脑开动!
Brains On!
大脑开动!
Brains On!
品尝。
Tasting.
接下来,大脑开动节目的玩家们要告诉我们,这些食物被吃下去之后会发生什么。
So next, the Brains On players are here to tell us what happens to all this food once it's eaten.
麦克风、耳机,开始!
Microphones, headphones, action.
当你吃东西的时候,你的身体会消化它。
When you eat something, your body digests it.
消化是身体把像沙拉、三明治和奶昔这样的食物转化成维生素、矿物质和蛋白质,帮助你成长的过程。
Digestion is how your body turns food like salads, sandwiches, and smoothies into vitamins, minerals, and proteins to help you grow.
消化的第一步就是吃。
The first step in digestion is eating.
所以,该吃了。
So time to eat.
哎呀,
Uh-oh.
我来了。
Here I go.
这个三明治太好吃了。
This sandwich is awesome.
展开剩余字幕(还有 145 条)
嘿。
Hey.
哎哟。
Ouch.
哎呀。
Ow.
哎呀。
Ow.
你是谁?
Who are you?
发生什么事了?
What's going on?
我?我是嘴巴。
Me I'm a mouth.
而你是一个美味的三明治。
And you are a delicious sandwich.
所以我要把你嚼碎。
So I'm chewing you up.
哎哟。
Ow.
哎哟。
Oof.
嘿。
Hey.
为什么你嚼的时候这么费劲,而我还湿漉漉的?
Why's it gotta be so hard when you chew and I'm all wet?
看来你是第一次被吃。
I see you are new to being eaten.
咀嚼是消化的第一步。
Chewing is the first step in digestion.
我用牙齿把你磨成小块。
I use my teeth to mash you up into little bits.
然后我把你和唾液混在一起,让你变软。
Then I mix you up with saliva to make you soft.
嘿,小心点。
Hey, watch it.
等我把你弄得又软又烂,我只要一咽,就能把你送到消化的下一阶段。
And when I've made you all nice and mushy, I can pass you off to the next stage of digestion by simply swallowing.
消化过程的第二步,吞咽。
Step two of the digestion process, swallowing.
吞咽就是你嚼过的食物顺着喉咙下去。
Swallowing is when the food you chewed goes down your throat.
我在往下掉。
I'm falling.
别哭,小三明治人。
Don't cry, little sandwich man.
我用肌肉紧紧抓住你了。
I've got you in my muscular grip.
你是谁?
Who are you?
我是食道。
I am the esophagus.
我是你喉咙里的一条肌肉管道,我会把你从嘴巴送到胃里。
I'm a muscular tube in your throat, and I'm going to carry you from the mouth to the stomach.
那风是从哪儿来的?
Where's that wind coming from?
那是气管,但你不想去那儿。
That's the windpipe, but you don't want to go down there.
你会呛到身体,身体会把你咳出来。
You'll choke the body, and the body will cough you out.
但别担心,小三明治人,会厌软骨会盖住气管口,所以你一路上会很安全。
But don't worry, little sandwich man, the epiglottis will cover the windpipe hole, so you will be safe on your way.
嘿,我来盖住那个。
Hey yo, let me just cover that
盖好了,你就可以走了。
up, and you're good to go.
谢谢你,会厌。
Thank you, epiglottis.
好了,三明治小人,你准备好去胃里了吗?
Okay, sandwich man, You ready to go down to the stomach?
我想是吧。
I guess so.
我是说
I mean
祝你游得愉快。
Have a nice swim.
第三步
Step
消化第三步,胃。
three in digestion, the stomach.
胃是肚子里的一个袋子,食物在这里被分解成黏糊糊的液体。
The stomach is a sack inside your belly where food gets broken down into a messy liquid.
这里有个湿漉漉的新人来了。
It's a wet new woman here.
嘿,你好啊。
Well, hello.
欢迎来到胃里,宝贝。
Welcome to the stomach, baby.
放松点,躺下来,好好享受我胃里热水浴缸的舒适氛围。
Relax, kick back, and enjoy the soothing vibes of my gastric hot tube.
哦,这水有点刺刺的。
Oh, the water tingles.
对,没错。
Oh, yeah.
那是因为这是胃酸,宝贝。
That's because it's acid, baby.
胃酸。
Stomach acid.
它会慢慢把你分解成更小的碎片。
And it's gonna gently break you down into even smaller pieces.
所以好好享受这个过程吧。
So just enjoy the ride.
我感觉自己快融化了。
I feel like I'm melting.
感觉不错吧。
It's nice.
这些酸挺厉害的。
These acids are pretty powerful.
我把你晃来晃去,就是为了让你变得松松垮垮的。
And by swishing you around, I'm gonna make you all loosey goosey.
好了,小家伙,你该继续往前走了。
Well, it's time you be moving along, little fellow.
你下一站就是小肠了。
Next stop for you, the small intestine.
保持酷炫。
Stay groovy.
你也是,胃。
You too, stomach.
第四步,小肠。
Step four, the small intestine.
这时候,你的三明治已经变成像汤一样的糊状物了。
At this point, your sandwich has turned into a soup like goo.
在小肠里,你的身体会从那些糊状物中吸收所需的维生素和矿物质。
In the small intestine, your body picks the vitamins and minerals it needs from that goo.
这里好黑啊。
It's dark in here.
粉红色的。
Pinks.
粉红色的。
Pinks.
粉红色的。
Pinks.
粉红色的。
Pinks.
粉红色的。
Pinks.
粉红色的。
Pinks.
粉红色的。
Pinks.
抱歉。
Sorry.
我只是在把你弄干。
I'm just picking you dry.
哎哟。
Ouch.
哎哟。
Ouch.
怎么了?
What?
我是小肠,这名字对我来说挺搞笑的,因为我其实有二十二英尺长。
I'm the small intestine, which is a funny name for me because I'm twenty two feet long.
我是盘在体内的一根管子,我的工作就是吸收你所有的营养和维生素。
I'm a tube coiled up inside the body, and my job is to pick all your nutrients and vitamins.
粉色的。
Pinks.
粉色的。
Pinks.
哦。
Oh.
粉红色的。
Pinks.
看看你身上这些蛋白质。
And look at all this protein you've got.
粉红色的。
Pinks.
普罗想要一个鸡肉三明治,是不是?
Puro wants a chicken sandwich, weren't you?
我就是一个鸡肉三明治。
I was a chicken sandwich.
你拿我的维生素和蛋白质这些东西干什么?
What are you doing with all my vitamins and proteins and stuff?
哦,它们会送到全身各处,到肌肉,到大脑,实际上全身都有。
Oh, it goes all over the place, to the muscles, to the brain, to the whole body, actually.
针,针。
Pins, pins.
我们要用你身上的这些部件来打造一个更好的身体。
We're gonna build a better body using these parts from you.
小针。
Pins.
你把我的东西都拿走了。
You're taking my everything.
小针。
Pins.
什么都没剩下了,小针。
There'll be nothing left, Pins.
哦,别担心。
Oh, don't worry.
总会剩下点什么的。
There will be something left.
而且,其实你该进入消化的下一步了。
And actually, it's time you head off to the next step of digestion.
我的大哥,大肠。
My big brother, the large intestine.
第五步,大肠。
Step five, the large intestine.
这是身体最后一次机会,从食物中吸收它需要的东西。
This is the body's last chance to soak up what it needs from food.
嘿。
Hey.
嘿?
Hey?
我是大肠。
I'm the large intestine.
我也是一根长长的管子。
I'm also a long tube.
好的。
Okay.
那这里会发生什么?
So what happens here?
这时候你基本上就是一滩液体。
You're kind of a liquid mess at this point.
我会吸收掉一部分水分,这可能有点尴尬。
I'm just gonna absorb some of that water, and this might be kinda awkward.
尴尬?
Awkward?
嘿。
Hey.
哇。
Woah.
你把水分都吸走了。
You're taking all the water away.
我要变干了。
I'm drying out.
身体需要你的水分。
The body needs your liquids.
来吧。
Come on now.
我要把你留在大肠里。
I'm gonna leave you in the colon.
那是你在这身体里看到的最后一部分。
That's the last part of the body you'll see.
第六步,排出废物。
Step six, getting rid of waste.
你吃的食物里有些部分身体不需要,所以就会排掉。
Some parts of the food you eat, the body doesn't need, so it gets rid of it.
大肠?
The colon?
你就这么把我留在大肠里?
You're just gonna leave me here in the colon just like that?
不会太久的。
Not for long.
等着瞧吧。
Just wait.
门就要开了。
Door's about to open.
发射了。
Bombs away.
发射了?
Bombs away?
什么……
What...
等等。
Wait.
那是什么味道?
What's that smell?
等一下。
Hold on.
是我。
It's me.
我是便便。
I'm a poo.
所以,亲爱的朋友们,这就是消化的过程。
And that, my dear friends, is how digestion works.
聊了这么多吃的,我都饿了。
So all this food is making me hungry.
我们是不是该收尾了?
Should we wrap this up?
感谢收听《大脑在线》。
Thanks for listening to Brains On.
本期节目由伊恩·罗伯茨协助制作。
This episode was produced with help from Ian Roberts.
克里斯·罗伯茨。
Chris Roberts.
马克·桑切斯。
Mark Sanchez.
杰基·富勒。
Jackie Fuller.
桑丁·托顿、安娜·韦格尔、杰夫·沃利奇、德里克·史蒂文斯、贝基·埃默森、格雷格·基南,
Sandin Totten, Anna Weggle, Jeff Volich, Derek Stevens, Becky Emerson, Greg Keenan,
萨姆·基南。
Sam Keenan.
谢谢,伊恩。
Thanks, Ian.
谢谢你能来。
Thanks for coming in.
我玩得很开心。
I had fun.
太棒了。
Awesome.
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