BE 638：这些语法点让你困惑吗？

这里是商务英语播客第638期。

This is the Business English Podcast episode six thirty eight.

是不是这个语法让你感到困惑？

Is this grammar throwing you off?

欢迎收听来自All Ears English的商务英语播客。

Welcome to the Business English Podcast from All Ears English.

获取你需要的英语技能，助你在全球商业中实现梦想。

Get the English skills you need to achieve your dreams in global business.

无论是演讲、会议还是办公室聚会，这都是真正的商务英语，由你最喜欢的美国主持人Lindsay和Aubrey带来，她们分别来自美国亚利桑那州和科罗拉多州。

For a presentation, a meeting, or your office party, this is Real Business English with your favorite American hosts, Lindsay and Aubrey, coming to you from Arizona and Colorado, USA.

有些时候，英语学习者以为自己的问题是词汇量，但往往问题更深层。

Some Sometimes English learners think their problem is vocabulary, but often the issue is something deeper.

是犹豫不决。

It's hesitation.

你会停下来翻译。

You pause to translate.

你会停下来检查语法。

You pause to check grammar.

你会停下来寻找最合适的词。

You pause to search for the perfect word.

这些小停顿累积起来，打断了对话的自然流畅。

Those small pauses add up and interrupt the natural flow of conversation.

你可以轻松回应，而不必不断分析每个句子。

You can respond with ease without constantly analyzing every sentence.

我们的免费两分钟流利度测试会告诉你目前的水平以及需要提升的技能。

Our free two minute fluency quiz will show you your current level and what skills you need to improve.

访问 all ears English 点 com 斜杠 fluency score。

Go to all ears English dot com slash fluency score.

也就是 allearsenglish.com/fluencyscore。

That's allearsenglish.com/fluencyscore.

你好，Lindsay。

Hello, Lindsay.

你今天怎么样？

How are you today?

挺好的，奥布里。

Good, Aubrey.

你那边一切都好吗？

How's everything going with you?

最近忙不忙？

Have you been busy lately?

你觉得呢？

What do you think?

我最近挺忙的。

I have been busy.

你呢？

What about you?

最近有什么事情打乱你的计划吗？

Anything throwing a wrench into your schedule lately?

嗯，更像是事情占用了很多时间。

Well, it's more like things taking up a lot of time.

我们在考虑把播客放在哪里，去哪里……

We're thinking about where to host the podcast, where to...

如果我们想把它搬到别的地方。

If we wanna move it somewhere.

这花了很多时间在谈判和合同上，来回折腾，而且我们有一个大节目。

That's taking a lot of time in negotiations and contracts and going And back and we have a big show.

所以我们的节目放在哪里真的很重要。

And so it really matters where we host our show.

所以这是一个大决定，可能会毁掉一天，经常真的打乱我的日程。

And so it's a big decision which can blow up a day, can really throw a wrench in my day frequently.

如果你有计划要完成所有这些事情，然后突然冒出这样的事，那真的会打乱你的节奏。

That could really throw you off if you have plans to get all of these things done and then something like that comes up.

没错。

Exactly.

那就得相应调整了。

Have to adjust accordingly.

对。

Yes.

没错。

Exactly.

确实。

Exactly.

所以今天这期节目，是来自YouTube上的一个问题。

So today's episode, it comes from a question from YouTube.

大家去YouTube看看吧。

Guys, go over to YouTube.

这期节目不会发在YouTube上，但我们在YouTube上有All Ears English播客。

This episode will not be on YouTube, but we do have All Ears English podcast over there on YouTube.

所以你们一定要点订阅。

So you definitely want to hit subscribe.

这是来自jasbm的。

This is from jasbm.

我来读一下这个问题。

I'll go ahead and read the question.

他们说，有个问题，我们能不能用现在进行时来用这些短语？

They said, one question, can we use these phrases in present continuous?

这是关于All Ears English视频里的短语，比如thrown off、derailed、put behind、throw a wrench into things。

And this was on an All Ears English video about the phrases thrown off, derailed, put behind, throw a wrench into things.

我们当时在讨论各种表达日程被打乱的方式。

We were talking about all these ways to talk about a schedule being thrown off.

但我们都是在用过去时，说某件事怎么打乱了我们的计划，我们怎么被带偏了。

But we were using them all in the past tense to talk about how something threw us off, how we got derailed.

这个问题问得真好。

So this is such a great question.

我们能不能用现在时来用这些短语呢？

Can we use these in the present?

那现在进行时呢？

What about present continuous?

我们经常收到这类问题。

And we get questions about this a lot.

比如，我怎么知道什么时候用现在进行时？

Like, how do I know when to use present continuous?

但我很喜欢这种聚焦于特定短语的做法，尤其是因为那是在All Ears English上，而且我们在工作中经常用这些短语。

But I love this focusing on these specific phrases, especially because that was on All Ears English, but we use these phrases a lot at work.

是的，我很喜欢。

Yes, I love it.

我很喜欢。

I love it.

所以大家一定要听到最后。

So guys stay until the end.

我们会分享那期节目的详细信息，那期我们更深入地讨论了这些短语，就像Aubrey说的那样。

We will share those details for that episode where we dove into these phrases a bit more, like Aubrey said.

不过当然，我们也可以用现在进行时来说这些短语，对吧？

But yeah, of course we can use these in present continuous, can't we?

没错。

Exactly.

是的。

Yes.

这些短语更常用于过去时，因为当我们分享某件事出了差错或让我们措手不及时，我们通常是在谈论过去。

They are more common in the past tense because we're often talking about the past when we share that something went wrong or threw us off.

但我们当然也可以谈论当下被搞得措手不及的情况，对吧？

But we can definitely talk about getting thrown off in the moment, right?

或者谈论事情总体上正在出错。

Or how things in general are going wrong.

当然。

For sure.

对，当然。

Yeah, for sure.

所以今天我们要聊聊怎么……

So today we're going to talk about how to...

我们会教大家如何在现在进行时和一般现在时中使用这些表达。

We'll share with you how to use these both in the present continuous and in the present simple.

所以你需要准备好根据情况灵活切换时态。

So you need to be ready to pivot to different tenses when it when it matters.

但这样我们就不用妥协，可以用我们想用的词汇。

But so we don't have to compromise and we can use the vocabulary we wanna use.

没错。

Exactly.

对。

Yes.

记得在收听播客的地方点关注哦。

Be sure to hit follow wherever you find your podcasts.

我们确实会深入讲解语法和词汇，但最终目标都是为了在工作中更好地沟通、取得成功，让你拥有升职加薪、主持会议所需的能力，对吧？

We do dive into grammar here and vocabulary, but all with the goal of connecting at work, being successful so that you, you know, have the tools that you need to get that promotion, to be able to lead a meeting, right?

不管你在工作中需要做什么。

Whatever you need to do at work.

对。

Yep.

连接和人际关系。

Connection and relationships.

这就是我们商务英语播客的核心。

What we're all about here on Business English.

首先，Aubrey，我们来拆解一下语法。

First, Aubrey, let's break down the grammar.

我知道不是所有听众都喜欢语法，但我们必须掌握它，对吧，才能建立那些连接。

I know not all our listeners love grammar, but we have to know it, right, to be able to build those connections.

那么什么是现在进行时？

So what is present continuous?

什么是一般现在时？

What is simple present?

所以一般现在时就是描述通常真实的情况，对吧？

So simple present is what's generally true, right?

比如说，如果你说“我在家工作”，这就是一般现在时，因为我们说的是一个通常成立的事实。

For example, if you say I work from home, this is in the simple present tense because we're talking about something that's true generally.

但如果是同样的句子，用现在进行时怎么说呢？

But what about that same sentence in present continuous?

那就会是这样。

So that would look like this.

我这周在家工作。

I'm working from home this week.

这是指现在正在发生的事情，可能是暂时的，下周可能就不这样了。

This is something that's happening now is maybe temporary and will probably stop happening next week.

明白吗？

Okay?

没错。

Exactly.

所以这是英语语法中最难的一点之一，就是不知道什么时候用一般现在时，什么时候用现在进行时。

So this is one of the most difficult things about English grammar is to know whether to use simple present or present continuous.

我们之前在播客里聊过这个话题。

We've talked about this on the podcast before.

很多时候其实无所谓。

Often it doesn't matter.

所以不用太担心，但我们确实想强调，所有这些短语我们既会用现在进行时，也会用一般现在时。

So it's not something to stress off about stress about too much, but we do want to highlight that all of these phrases we use both in the present continuous and the present simple.

所以我们会给出两种时态的例子，这样你就能讨论日程被打乱的情况，不管是这个系列第一部分里讲到的过去时，还是现在时。

So we're gonna give examples for both so that you can talk about schedule disruptions both in the past from part one of this series and also in these present tenses.

Aubrey，你觉得自己是那种……

Aubrey, do you consider yourself someone that's...

就是，能随遇而安的人吗？

Like, rolls with the changes?

比如说，在一天里，如果有人改了会议时间，让你有点措手不及，你通常是不是一开始会觉得烦，但后来也就接受了？

Like, in a in a given day, if someone is, you know, throwing you off by changing meeting times, do you usually just kinda like, it's annoying at first, but you're okay with it?

还是更像，哦，不。

Or is it more like, oh, no.

真的会让你心里很乱吗？

Really throws you off mentally?

你怎么说？

What would you say?

这个问题问得好。

That's a great question.

我觉得我挺能随机应变的。

I think I do roll with the punches pretty easily.

我不会生气。

I don't get upset.

我能调整过来。

I'm able to adjust there.

我觉得每个人都会有点小沮丧，就是本来有自己要做的事情和计划，但当你不得不把某件事推到第二天或者干脆取消的时候，难免会有点小失落，因为没能完成自己想做的事。但我觉得我处理得还不错。

I think anyone experiences that little bit of frustration of having sort of their to do list and what they're planning on getting done and you can't help but be you know when you have to move something to the next day or remove it entirely right there is that little bit of a frustration of not being able to complete something you wanted to but I think I handle it pretty well.

我不会生气，也不会把气撒在别人身上。

I don't like get angry and take that out on people.

那你呢？

What about you?

那挺好的。

That's good.

对，我觉得我大部分时候都挺灵活的。

Yeah, I think I'm pretty flexible for the most part.

当然。

Absolutely.

那我举个例子吧。

So here's an example, right?

跟我们刚才说的差不多。

Similar to what we just shared.

这些临时改的日程安排让我有点措手不及。

I'm getting thrown off by all these last minute changes to the schedule.

这可能是那种比较死板的人。

This is someone who's a little more rigid maybe.

对，这说得有道理，对吧？

Yeah, because that's a good point, right?

临时改日程。

Last minute changes to the schedule.

那种特别随和、能随机应变的人可能会说，没事。

Someone who's super laid back and rolls with the punches probably be like, that's fine.

但如果你被打乱了，那可能更多是你性格里的一部分，就是这影响到我了，这让我很烦。

But if you get thrown off, it is probably more of an aspect of your personality that like this is affecting me, this is throwing me off.

而且用一般现在时，我通常会被日常安排中的意外变化打乱。

And in the present simple, I usually get thrown off by unexpected changes to my routine.

明白吗？

Okay?

是的。

Yes.

这挺有意思的。

So this is interesting.

当然，我们可以在过去时里用这些表达，但有时候我们也想当场说说。

We have, of course, the way to use these in the past, but also we sometimes want to talk about it in the moment.

比如说，这让我很困扰，或者我正在被困扰。

Be like, this is throwing me off or I am getting thrown off.

两种说法都行。

Either way.

或者，这总是让我很困扰。

Or this always throws me off.

你可能想用一般现在时来谈论那些大体上成立的事情。

You might want to use present simple to talk about what's sort of generally true.

就像你刚才问Lindsay那样，我们经常想进行这样的对话，去了解人们的一般性格。

Just like you were just asking Lindsay, we often want to have these conversations where we're asking people about their personalities in general.

你是那种会被这种事情影响的人吗？

Are you the type of the person that this type of thing throws you off?

对，确实如此。

Right, for sure.

然后被搞乱，我喜欢这个说法。

And then derailed by, I love this phrase.

奥布里，这在现在时中是什么样子的？所以，

What does this look like, Aubrey, in the present So,

在现在进行时中，我们的项目正被不断的技术问题所干扰。

in present continuous, our project is being derailed by constant technical problems.

是的，看看我们怎么构建这个句子很有趣，对吧？

And yeah, it's interesting to look at how we construct this, right?

我们不会说这个项目正在搞乱一切，对吧？

We're not going to be saying this project is derailing everything, right?

相反，我们用现在进行时加上那个助动词。

Instead, we're using present continuous with that auxiliary verb.

我们说这个正在被干扰。

We say this is being derailed.

是的。

Yes.

对。

Yes.

或者用一般现在时，我们的项目经常因为沟通不畅而偏离正轨。

Or in present simple, our projects often get derailed by poor communication.

所以这是经常发生的事情。

So this is something that happens on a regular basis.

一次又一次地发生。

Happens over and over again.

好的。

Okay.

没错。

Exactly.

是的。

Yes.

然后我们就有这个，导致进度落后。

And then we have this to get put behind.

让我落后了。

Put me behind.

所以用现在进行时来说，这些临时会议让我工作进度落后了。

So in present continuous, these unexpected meetings are putting me behind on my work.

或者说，临时会议经常让我工作进度落后。

Or unexpected meetings often put me behind on my work.

所以这又是经常发生的事情。

So again, something that happens frequently.

对吧？

Okay?

没错。

Exactly.

然后奥布里，你在节目开头问的那个问题，就是“打乱计划”这个说法。

And then what you asked at the top of the episode, Aubrey, throw a wrench into things.

是的，这个短语真有意思。

Yeah, this is such a fun phrase.

这是个习语。

This is idiomatic.

我们在工作中经常用。

We use it a lot at work.

如果事情，而且这个影响比较大，对吧？

If things, and this is sort of bigger, right?

如果事情真的被打乱了，我们可能会说事情被搅乱了，对吧？

If things are really being disrupted, we might say that the wrench was thrown into things, right?

所以用现在进行时的话，新规定正在给我们的业务添乱。

So in present continuous, the new regulations are throwing a wrench into things for our business.

意思就是它在扰乱业务。

That means it's disrupting it.

或者如果你在为公司举办现场活动或会议，也许，我不知道，比如餐饮合同出了问题

Or if you're hosting a live event or a conference for your company, maybe, I don't know, something like the catering contract fell

落空了。

through

那就会把事情搅得一团糟，对吧？

that's going to throw a wrench into things in a major way, right?

对，没错。

Yes, exactly.

延误。

Delays.

用一般现在时的话，我可能会说，意外的延误有时会打乱计划。

In present simple, I might say unexpected delays sometimes throw a wrench into things.

所以这更多是在说一种普遍情况，比如某件事一般可能会发生，或者是一种假设。

So this is more talking about the general state like that something in general could happen or a hypothetical.

我们也会用一般现在时，对吧？

We'll use present simple as well, right?

这可能会把事情搞砸。

This could throw a wrench into things.

是的，完全正确。

Yes, exactly.

你有没有听过母语者说话，然后想：单词我都认识，但还是有点摸不着头脑？

Have you ever listened to native speakers and thought, I understand the words, but I still feel slightly lost.

那是因为真实的英语对话不仅仅是词汇。

That's because real English conversations include more than vocabulary.

还有语速、连读、文化背景和口语化的表达。

There's speed, there's connected speech, there are cultural references and casual phrases.

你的大脑得实时处理所有这些信息。

Your brain has to process all of this in real time.

如果对话有时让你觉得应接不暇，那可能只是说明你已经准备好进入下一阶段的训练了。

If conversations sometimes feel overwhelming, it may simply mean you're ready for the next level of training.

来做个快速免费的流利度测试，看看你的确切水平吧。

Find out your exact level with our quick free fluency quiz.

访问 all.com/fluencyscore。

Go to all.com/fluencyscore.

那是 allearsenglish.com/fluencyscore。

That's allearsenglish.com/fluencyscore.

好的，Aubrey。

Okay, Aubrey.

我们回来了。

We're back.

但在我们开始角色扮演之前，我想提醒我们的听众，朋友们，点一下关注按钮。

But before we dive into a role play, I do wanna remind our listeners, guys, hit that follow button.

如果你还没关注，一定要确保你关注了 Business English。

If you haven't done it yet, you need to make sure you're following Business English.

我们每周在这里更新三期，同时也要关注 All Ears English。

We publish three days a week over here and also follow All Ears English.

好吗？

Alright?

好的。

Yes.

当然。

Absolutely.

太好了。

Love it.

好的。

Alright.

我们来做个角色扮演吧。

Let's do a role play.

在这个角色扮演里，你我是同事，在讨论一个产品发布。

You and I are coworkers discussing a product launch in this role play.

我先开始：嘿，你现在有空吗？

I'll start Hey, this do you have a minute?

我对这次发布有点担心。

I'm a little concerned about the launch.

当然有。

Sure.

怎么了？

What's going on?

供应商刚告诉我们，他们要到下周才能交付材料。

The supplier just told us they can't deliver the materials until next week.

这真的打乱了计划，因为我本来把所有事情都安排在这周了。

It's really throwing things off because I had everything scheduled for this week.

哦，你说得对。

Oh, you're right.

这会让我们落后于进度。

This puts us behind schedule.

没错。

Exactly.

我担心这会打乱整个发布计划。

I'm worried it's derailing the whole launch.

这确实给事情添了不少麻烦。

It's definitely throwing a wrench into things.

我们已经向客户公布了发布日期。

We've already announced the launch date to our customers.

我打算给另一家供应商打电话，看看他们能不能帮上忙。

I'm gonna call another supplier and see if they can help us out.

好的。

Okay.

所以这就是一个计划被打乱的典型例子。

So this is a good example of a wrench being thrown into things.

但你刚才用的第一个短语是“这真的打乱了计划”，因为材料要到下周才能送到。

But the first phrase that used, you used is it's really throwing things off because you can't deliver the materials until next week.

对吧？

Okay?

对，没错。

Exactly, right?

所以我们用了这个短语，这很有意思。

So we use that chunk and this is interesting.

如果我们是两周后再聊这件事，回忆起来的话，那我们就都会用过去时来说。

If we were to have this conversation two weeks later and we're remembering and talking about it, then we would use all those in the past tense.

哦，如果那真的让我们措手不及，那可就全乱套了。

Oh, if that really threw us off, that derailed everything.

但有时候，对话就是这样的。

But sometimes this is the conversation.

就是当下发生的，你需要用现在时来谈论它。

It's in the moment and you need these present tenses to talk about it.

没错。

Exactly.

然后我说了什么，Aubrey？

And then what did I say, Aubrey?

你说，你说得对。

You said you're right.

这让我们落后于计划了。

This puts us behind schedule.

所以这就是当下的情况。

So this is in the moment.

现在，我们落后于计划，因为有些事情影响了进度。

Right now, we are behind schedule because something has affected things.

然后你说，确实，我担心这会打乱整个发布。

And then you said exactly, I'm worried it's derailing the whole launch.

我们今天的关键词之一就是“打乱”。

One of our keywords for today, derailing.

那是用来……

That's for...

那是用来形容大的事情。

That's that's for big.

如果你想象一列火车脱轨，离开轨道，那可不是用来形容那些只造成小麻烦的小问题。

If you imagine a train being derailed where it comes off the tracks, This wouldn't be for very small problems that cause just small inconveniences.

这是用来形容更大的事情。

This is for something bigger.

当然。

For sure.

然后我说，这绝对是在捣乱。

And then I said, it's definitely throwing a wrench into things.

我们已经向客户公布了发布日期。

We've already announced the launch date to our customers.

好的。

Okay.

所以那是……

So that's...

事情很大。

It's big.

那是个有趣的习语。

That's a fun idiom.

而且我们之前提到过，习语在工作场合使用并不会显得太随意。

And as we've mentioned before, idioms are not too informal to use at work.

我们经常用这些习语。

We use them all the time.

它们让对话变得有趣，但像这样的，影响还挺大的。

They they keep things interesting, but, something like this, it's pretty big.

就像我们之前说的“derailed”或“derailing”一样。

Again, just like derailed or derailing.

我们不会用它来形容那些微不足道的小麻烦。

We wouldn't use this for just very minor inconveniences.

这个习语指的是一个影响很大的大问题。

This implies a big problem that's having a big effect.

没错。

For sure.

大家去听听《All Ears English》第2659集吧。

And guys, go on and check out All Ears English episode twenty six fifty nine.

别被这些词汇吓到。

Don't be thrown off by this vocabulary.

所以，想听那期节目的话，现在就打开搜索栏吧。

So the way to get that episode is to open your search bar right now.

如果你在用苹果播客或Spotify收听，输入All Ears English，节目出来后就点关注。

If you're listening in Apple Podcasts or Spotify, type in All Ears English and go ahead and hit follow when that show opens.

明白了吗？

Okay?

是的，当然。

Yes, absolutely.

那边有很多关于工作词汇的节目，你都能用得上。

There's so many episodes over there with vocabulary that you can use at work.

所以一定要两个节目都关注。

So be sure you're following both shows.

好的。

All right.

奥布里，关于建立联系，最后还有什么要告诉我们的吗？

Any final takeaway, Aubrey, when it comes to connection, what do we need to know?

对。

Yes.

这非常重要。

This is so important.

我们经常在英语中建立联系，尤其是在美国商业文化中，当事情出错的时候。

We often connect in English, especially in US business culture when things are going wrong.

我们想要谈论它。

We want to talk about it.

我们想要表达出来，说出来。

We want to express it, talk it out.

所以你需要掌握语言，以便在事情发生时能够做到这一点。

So you need the language to be able to do that in the moment when it's happening.

是的。

Yes.

这样你就能沟通了。

So you can communicate.

这样你的同事就能明白他们能帮上什么忙。

So your coworkers can understand what they can do to help.

你能了解情况有多严重，以及如何继续前进，同时不损害某些关系。

You can understand how dire it is and how to move forward and not not compromise certain relationships.

对吧，奥布里？

Right, Aubrey?

是的。

Yes.

非常

Very

重要。

important.

绝对。

Absolutely.

好的。

Alright.

不错。

Good stuff.

奥布里，我们很快再见。

I'll see you very soon, Aubrey.

保重。

Take care.

太好了。

Awesome.

下次见。

See you next time.

好的。

Alright.

再见。

Bye.

再见。

Bye.

感谢收听《商务英语》，这个播客专为像你这样追求卓越的全球职场人士打造。

Thank you for listening to Business English, a podcast just for you, the high achieving global professional.

想要更多来自All Ears English的内容吗？

Want more from All Ears English?

别错过我们最大最棒的播客，每月有800万次下载。

Don't miss our biggest and best podcast with 8,000,000 monthly downloads.

只需搜索All Ears English播客并点击关注，每周就能获得四集新内容，涵盖流利度、美国文化、语法等等。

Just search for the All Ears English podcast and hit follow to get four new episodes per week on fluency, American culture, grammar, and so much more.

或者点击节目备注中的链接。

Or tap the link in the show notes.

记住，我们相信在学习英语时，连接比完美更重要。

Remember, we believe in connection, not perfection when it comes to learning English.

现在就关注All Ears English播客吧。

Follow the All Ears English podcast now.