芝加哥的ICE抵抗运动是如何兴起的

北卡罗来纳州夏洛特市正在上演的这一幕，遵循着一个我们已熟悉的剧本。

What's playing out right now in Charlotte, North Carolina is following a script that's become familiar.

联邦探员涌入城市展开大规模执法行动。

Federal agents flood into cities for massive enforcement sweeps.

社交媒体上突然出现视频，显示蒙面探员驾驶无标识车辆逮捕那些看似正在过日常生活的人。

Videos pop up on social media showing masked agents in unmarked cars arresting people who appear to be going about their daily lives.

当地民选官员高声抗议，但突袭行动仍在继续。

Local elected officials loudly object, but the raids continue.

特朗普政府表示这是为了对非法居留者执行法律。

The Trump administration says this is about enforcing the law against people in the country illegally.

这是上个月国土安全部长克里斯蒂·诺姆的发言。

Here's Homeland Security secretary Christy Noem last month.

法律是存在的。

There are laws.

它们已明文颁布。

They are on the books.

这些法律是经过投票确立并实施的，因此我们执行所有法律。

They were put in place, voted on, and instituted, and therefore, we enforce them all.

如果国会议员、参议员或州长不喜欢这些法律，他们应该努力去修改它们。

If members of congress, senators, governors don't like the law, then they should go through the work of changing them.

尽管这些突袭行动发生在地方社区，但移民法完全属于联邦政府的管辖范围。

Even though these raids are happening in local communities, immigration law sits squarely within the jurisdiction of the federal government.

你可以在今年夏天我与加州民主党州长加文·纽森的访谈中感受到这种紧张关系。

You could hear that tension in my interview with Gavin Newsom, the Democratic governor of California this summer.

当时正值联邦政府在洛杉矶展开移民执法行动期间。

This was in the midst of a federal immigration crackdown in Los Angeles.

纽森谴责了这些突袭行动，但他也说了这样的话。

Newsom condemned the raids, but he also said this.

我们绝不干涉联邦政府用联邦资源执行联邦法律的权力，就这样。

We we do not impede upon federal authority to enforce federal law with federal resources, period.

到此为止。

Full stop.

这就是加利福尼亚州的立场。

That's the state of California.

由于无权阻止移民执法行动，州和地方政客们试图通过其他方式限制其影响。

Without the authority to stop the immigration operations, state and local politicians have tried to limit their impact in other ways.

加利福尼亚州通过了一项州法律，禁止大多数执法人员佩戴口罩。

California passed a state law that bans most law enforcement officers from wearing masks.

特朗普政府已提起诉讼要求阻止该法实施。

The Trump administration has sued to block it.

在伊利诺伊州，民主党州长JB·普利茨克成立了一个问责委员会，记录联邦移民当局涉嫌滥用职权的行为。

In Illinois, Democratic governor JB Pritzker established an accountability commission to document alleged abuses by federal immigration authorities.

终将有一天，秉持善意的人们会被赋予维护法律的权力。

There will come a time where people of good faith are empowered to uphold the law.

当那一天到来时，伊利诺伊州将拥有充分伸张正义所需的证词和记录。

When the time comes, Illinois will have the testimony and the records needed to pursue justice to its fullest extent.

其他政客则专注于为他们的社区做准备。

Other politicians have focused on preparing their communities.

这位是民主党众议员迈克·奎格利，他的选区包括芝加哥部分地区。

Here's Democratic congressman Mike Quigley, whose district includes parts of Chicago.

我们能做的就是告知民众正在发生的事情。

What we can do is tell people what's happening.

我的办公室已制定移民保护工具包，确保人们填写隐私授权表，以便工作人员提供协助。

My office has created an immigration protection kit, making sure people have completed privacy release forms so that our staff can assist them.

我们还能获取关于寻找可能被拘留亲友的信息。

We also can find information about finding friends or family who might have been detained.

奎格利告诉美国国家公共电台，当政治途径行不通时还有另一种工具可用——抗议。

And Quigley told NPR there's another tool available when the political process isn't, protest.

我一贯支持和平抗议，现在正是挺身而出让人们意识到事态严重性的时候。

I always endorse peaceful protesting and now's the time to step up and let people know just how serious this has gotten.

这位总统已将民主工具武器化。

This is a president who has weaponized the tools of democracy.

试想，当联邦移民当局进驻芝加哥时，有个社区早已做好抵抗准备。

Consider this, when federal immigration authorities deployed in Chicago, one neighborhood was already prepared to resist.

一群活动人士认为他们拥有其他城市可以效仿的方案，以阻挠特朗普政府的大规模驱逐行动。

A group of activists thinks they have a blueprint other cities can follow to disrupt the Trump administration's mass deportation effort.

我是NPR的胡安娜·萨默斯。

From NPR, I'm Juana Summers.

这里是NPR的《考虑这个》节目。

It's Consider This from NPR.

当特朗普政府在九月启动'中途岛闪电战'行动时，他们宣称目标是追捕芝加哥'最恶劣的刑事非法移民'。

When it launched Operation Midway Blitz in September, the Trump administration said it was going after, quote, the worst of the worst criminal illegal aliens in Chicago.

但这场行动的影响已深刻触及公民与非公民的生活。

But the impact of this campaign has touched the lives of citizens and noncitizens deeply.

全副武装的联邦探员在学校外释放催泪瓦斯，在居民区发射胡椒弹，迫使学校进入封锁状态。

Heavily armed federal agents have deployed tear gas outside schools, shot pepper guns in residential areas, prompted schools to go into lockdown.

对移民当局的抵抗异常激烈，部分原因是有些活动人士已为此筹备多年。

The resistance to the immigration authorities has been fierce, and that is in part because some activists have been preparing for this moment for years.

NPR记者奥德特·优素福前往实地观察了芝加哥某社区的情况。

NPR's Odette Youssef went to see how it played out in one Chicago neighborhood.

万圣节后的周一，显然联邦探员正在罗杰斯公园社区及周边地区集结，准备展开清晨突袭行动。

On the Monday after Halloween, it was clear that federal agents were mobilizing for a morning of raids in and around the Chicago neighborhood of Rogers Park.

你们后备箱里有防毒面具吗？

Do have gas masks in your back?

每当这种情况发生时，吉尔·加维和加布·冈萨雷斯都随时准备跳上车出发。

When this happens, Jill Garvey and Gabe Gonzalez are ready to jump into a car at any moment.

白色GMC Denali，佛罗里达车牌DQ。

Nissan Peterson, white GMC Denali, Florida plates DQ.

对。

Yep.

就在那里，有喇叭声。

Just on the There's horns.

喇叭声。

Horns.

没错。

Yeah.

我们走。

Let's go.

我们走。

Let's go.

加密短信如暴风雪般已向社区快速响应者广播了关于一辆疑似载有联邦探员的车辆信息。

Blizzard of encrypted text messages had already broadcasted to rapid responders in the neighborhood information about a vehicle seemed to have federal agents inside.

冈萨雷斯和另一辆车发出声响，警告人们移民局正在社区内活动。

Gonzales and another car make noise to warn people that ICE is in the neighborhood.

他迅速靠近一名同样在追赶的骑自行车的人。

He pulls up quickly to a biker who's also in pursuit.

别靠他们那么近。

Don't get that close to them.

他们会抓住你的。

They'll grab you.

人行道上，行人正吹着哨子。

On the sidewalk, pedestrians are blowing whistles.

当车辆因红灯停下时，其中一名女子跑到了街上。

When the cars stop for a red light, one of them, a woman, runs into the street.

靠那么近。

Get that close.

不要靠那么近。不行。

Do not get that No.

不行。

No.

不。

No.

不。

No.

她愤怒地敲打着特勤车辆的车窗。

She bangs angrily against a window of the agent's vehicle.

退后。

Get back.

回来。

Come back.

回来。

Come back.

退后。

Back.

回来。

Come back.

退后。

Back.

不行。

No.

不行。

No.

不行。

No.

不。

No.

不。

No.

不。

No.

不。

No.

另一辆追击的车辆突然转向离开了。

The other car in pursuit peels off.

冈萨雷斯跟着特工们向西转弯，但最终也转向离开了。

Gonzales follows the agents as they turn west, but he eventually peels off too.

此时，他们已经驶离了他的社区范围。

At this point, they're out of his neighborhood.

虽然只是一辆车里的两名特工，但那辆车我们曾见过多次参与绑架事件。

It was just two agents in one car, but that car we have seen before let in involved in multiple abductions.

冈萨雷斯是'保护RP'的联合创始人。

Gonzales is a cofounder of Protect RP.

RP代表罗杰斯公园，他居住的社区。

RP stands for Rogers Park, the neighborhood where he lives.

'保护RP'成立于2017年，是特朗普首个任期内成立的社区防御网络。

Protect RP was launched in 2017 as a community defense network during Trump's first term.

其目标是团结社区力量，抵抗预期的联邦移民执法浪潮。

The goal was to bring the neighborhood together to resist an expected onslaught of federal immigration enforcement.

实际上，那波浪潮当时并未发生，但现在它来了。

In fact, that onslaught didn't happen, but now it has.

而'保护RP'的基础设施和策略已成为全美各社区的效仿典范之一。

And the infrastructure and strategy of Protect RP has become one model for communities across the country.

他们的指导原则是尽可能降低移民执法的工作效率。

Their guiding principle is to make the work of immigration enforcement as inefficient as possible.

那大概持续了十五到二十分钟。

So that was fifteen, twenty minutes.

我确信他根本不想待在他现在所在的地方。

I'm sure he has no intention of being where he is right now.

所以他可能还要再花二十分钟，或者再花十到十五分钟才能回来。

So it's probably another twenty or, you know, another ten or fifteen for him to get back.

这半小时他就这么浪费了。

That's half an hour that he lost.

对吧？

Right?

这半小时里他就没法抓人了。

That's half an hour where he's not gonna grab somebody.

这就是他们付钱让他无所事事的全部时间，油钱，我敢肯定他们记下了我们的车牌号，所以他们还得花时间处理这些乱七八糟的事，时间和金钱。

That's all the time they have to pay him for not doing anything, the gas money, the I'm sure they grabbed up our license plates, so they're gonna have to have time to run all of that stuff and blah blah blah and time and money.

时间和金钱。

Time and money.

冈萨雷斯的职业生涯一直是一名社区组织者。

Gonzales has spent his career as a community organizer.

保护RP团队认为，在当前风险比以往任何时候都高的情况下，社区组织正是现在所需要的。

Protect RP's team sees community organizing as exactly what's needed now when the stakes are higher than ever.

吉尔·加维表示，他们不仅反对强硬的移民执法。

Jill Garvey says they're not just standing against heavy handed immigration enforcement.

他们还在抵制她所认为的专制策略，如果不加以制止，最终可能会侵蚀这个国家每个人的自由和权利。

They're also pushing back against what she sees as an authoritarian strategy that, unchecked, could ultimately eat away at the freedom and rights of everyone in this country.

我们经常谈论某些地方是一个地区的枢纽。

We often talk about places being sort of like linchpins for a region.

加维是保护RP核心团队的一员。

Garvey is part of Protect RP's core team.

她也是一家名为'核心州'（STAC）的非营利组织的创始人。

She's also the founder of a nonprofit called States at the Core or STAC.

到目前为止，STAC主要在芝加哥以外的地方工作，比如田纳西州或俄亥俄州。

Up until now, STAC has mostly worked outside of Chicago, in Tennessee or Ohio, for example.

它支持当地社区应对其所认为的专制威胁。

It supports local communities dealing with what it sees as authoritarian threats.

可能是一个小镇正试图抵御基督教民族主义，而他们可能是阻止该网络或组织在该地区扩大影响力的关键。

It could be a very small town that is trying to fend off Christian nationalism, and they may be the thing that is standing in the way of that network or formation, gaining more influence in the region.

此刻，加维认为芝加哥是整个国家的关键所在。

In this moment, Garvey believes Chicago is a linchpin for the whole country.

我认为这里发生的一切是在试图强化某种国家警察力量，长期占领一座城市，长期恐吓这座城市，并使之常态化，以便他们能够继续在其他

I think that what's happening here is an attempt to strengthen sort of a national police force, and occupy a city for a long time, terrorize the city for a long time, and make it normal so they can go and do that in a

许多地方实施同样手段。

lot of other places.

他在我肚子里无法呼吸。

He can't breathe in my stomach.

他无法呼吸。

He can't breathe.

在我与加维和加布·冈萨雷斯会面的三天前，正值万圣节。

Three days before I met with Garvey and Gabe Gonzalez, it was Halloween.

伊利诺伊州州长JB·普利兹克曾要求国土安全部长克里斯蒂·诺姆在那个周末暂停其机构行动。

Illinois governor JB Pritzker had asked Homeland Security secretary Christy Noem to stand her agency down that weekend.

孩子们会在户外活动。

Kids would be outside.

诺姆拒绝了。

Noem refused.

结果这一天成为联邦行动在芝加哥地区最暴力的一天。

It ended up being among the most violent days of this federal operation in the Chicago region.

他正在安全区里殴打他们。

He's punching them in the safe.

有三个人围着他，他还在触碰他们。

He got three guys on him, and he's touching them.

加比·冈萨雷斯目睹了这一切。

Gabe Gonzalez witnessed it.

他给我看了他拍摄的视频。

He shows me the video he took.

事发地点在埃文斯顿，芝加哥北部的一个郊区。

It was in Evanston, a suburb just north of Chicago.

那天联邦探员在该地区活动频繁，学校甚至取消了户外课间活动。

Federal agents were so active there that day, the schools canceled outdoor recess.

冈萨雷斯和其他居民开车尾随一辆载有联邦探员的车辆。

Gonzales and other residents were in cars following a vehicle that contained federal agents.

他们想提醒附近居民移民执法部门就在附近。

They wanted to let people nearby know that immigration enforcement was close by.

冈萨雷斯说探员突然急刹，导致后车追尾撞上了他们。

Gonzales said the agents stopped suddenly and the vehicle behind crashed into them.

当边境巡逻队员跳下车，把受损后车里的乘员拖出来时，人群开始聚集。

A crowd formed as border patrol agents jumped out and pulled the occupants out of the damaged car behind them.

冈萨雷斯称，这时人群中突然冲出一名年轻白人男子靠近探员，结果被他们击倒在地。

Then, Gonzalez said from amongst the crowd, a young white male ran up near the agents, and they decked him.

视频显示两名探员跪压在该男子背上给他戴手铐。

The video shows two agents kneeling down on the man's back, handcuffing him.

当他们把男子按倒在街道上时，第三名探员反复击打他的面部。

As they pinned him down onto the street, a third agent punches the man's face again and again.

天啊，老兄。

Jesus Christ, man.

国土安全部声称这些特工遭到后方车辆的激进尾随，并称那名年轻男子袭击并抓握了一名特工的生殖器。

The Department of Homeland Security claims the agents were aggressively tailgated by the vehicles behind them and that the young man had assaulted and grabbed an agent's genitals.

截至目前，尚无视频证据能清晰证明这一点。

So far, no video evidence has clearly shown that.

国土安全部表示有三人被捕，均为美国公民。

DHS said three people were arrested, all U.

S.

S.

公民，且未经指控就被释放。

Citizens, and released without charges.

冈萨雷斯和'保护RP'组织的其他成员表示，尽管许多人对联邦政府在芝加哥采取的策略感到震惊，但他们知道这对有色人种社区来说并不那么意外。

Gonzales and others in Protect RP say while many have been stunned by federal tactics in Chicago, they know that it's less surprising to communities of color.

但'中途闪电行动'在更广泛的人群中创造了共同的经历。

But Operation Midway Blitz has created a shared experience across a much broader spectrum of people.

冈萨雷斯认为后续影响将持续很长时间。

Gonzales thinks the after effects will linger for a long time.

他们通过自身行动激化了一部分人，这种影响需要一代人的时间才会消退。

They've radicalized a set of people through their own actions, and that'll be a generation before that goes away.

国土安全部未就本报道的提问作出回应。

DHS didn't respond to questions for this story.

但在福克斯新闻发言时，边境巡逻队指挥官格雷戈里·博维诺指责伊利诺伊州州长和芝加哥市长制造了不利于移民执法的环境。

But speaking on Fox, border patrol commander Gregory Bovino blamed the governor of Illinois and the mayor of Chicago for creating conditions hostile to immigration enforcement.

这显然是个非许可性环境。

It's certainly a non permissive environment.

这正是与'保护RP'组织及类似网络合作者的目标，他们希望其他城市也能实现这一目标。

That's the goal of those working with Protect RP and similar networks, one that they hope other cities will also achieve.

奥德特·优素福，NPR新闻。

Odette Youssef, NPR News.

本期节目由康纳·多诺万和梅根·林制作。

This episode was produced by Connor Donovan and Megan Lim.

本期节目由安德鲁·萨斯曼和考特妮·多宁编辑。

It was edited by Andrew Sussman and Courtney Dorning.

我们的执行制片人是萨米·耶尼根。

Our executive producer is Sammy Yenigan.

这里是NPR的《考虑一下》节目。

It's consider this from NPR.

我是胡安娜·萨默斯。

I'm Juana Summers.