跨性别军人被强制驱逐时发声

确实，特朗普总统已经两次禁止跨性别者入伍或在美国军队中服役。

It is true that president Trump has now twice banned transgender people from enlisting or serving in the US military.

但在特朗普的第一个任期内，有一个例外情况。

But during the first Trump administration, there was an exception.

我按照军队的要求做了。

I did what the service asked me to do.

我觉得这有点荒谬，但这就是检查清单上的内容。

It seemed kinda silly to me, but this was what the checklist was.

洛根·爱尔兰成为美国空军的总军士长，有一段时间，他受益于某种‘祖父条款’。

Logan Ireland became a master sergeant in the US Air Force, and for a while, he benefited from something of a grandfather clause.

2019年3月，国防部宣布对跨性别服役人员的限制时，规定只要在政策于次月4月生效前，由军方医生诊断出性别焦虑，士兵就可以继续服役。

When the Department of Defense announced its restrictions on trans service members in March 2019, it allowed troops to continue to serve if by the time the policy went into effect a month later in April, they had been diagnosed with gender dysphoria by a military doctor.

因此，爱尔兰急忙预约并获得了性别焦虑的诊断，尽管

So Ireland rushed to make an appointment and obtain that diagnosis of gender dysphoria even though

我从未真正对自己的身份感到焦虑。

I've never felt necessarily dysphoric about who I am.

你知道吗，我就是洛根。

You know, I'm I'm Logan.

我生来是女性，但我已经过渡为男性。

I happen to be, you know, born female, but I transitioned to male.

我只是在这里过自己的生活，做好自己的工作。

And I'm just here living my life and doing my job.

诊断记录被归档了。

The diagnosis went on file.

爱尔兰回到了他的工作岗位。

Ireland went back to his job.

拜登政府随后取消了对跨性别军人的禁令。

President Biden's administration then reversed the ban on transgender troops.

你知道吗，我们首先是军人。

You know, we're service members first.

我们都举起了右手。

We all raise our right hand.

我们穿着同样的制服。

We wear the same uniform.

我们被部署到世界各地。

We deploy over the world.

你知道，我们不仅达到，而且超越了标准。

You know, we not only meet but exceed the standards.

唯一的不同是我们恰好是跨性别者。

The only difference is we just happen to be transgender.

在他第二任期的第一天，特朗普总统再次通过一项名为‘优先考虑军事卓越与战备’的行政命令，针对跨性别服役人员。

Then on the first day of his second term, president Trump again took aim at trans service members with an executive order titled prioritizing military excellence and readiness.

大约一个月后，根据新的国防部政策，患有性别焦虑症的人被取消服役资格。

About a month later, people with gender dysphoria were disqualified from military service under a new defense department policy.

当时，国防部表示，军中患有性别焦虑症的人数超过4200人。

At the time, the DOD said there were over 4,200 people in the military with a diagnosis of gender dysphoria.

这感觉不真实。

It doesn't seem real.

这是一种被踢倒、被背叛的感觉。

It's been a feeling of being kicked down, being betrayed.

像爱尔兰这样曾经为了保住工作而寻求官方诊断的人，现在却可能因为这份诊断而失去工作。

People like Ireland who once sought an official diagnosis in order to keep their jobs are now set to lose those jobs because of it.

想想看。

Consider this.

五角大楼现在正在积极清除几乎所有剩下的公开跨性别军人。

The Pentagon is now actively removing nearly all remaining openly transgender troops.

而他们及其盟友表示，这种做法只会损害、而非提升军队的战备状态。

And the parting message is they and their allies say it is only hurting, not helping military readiness.

来自NPR，我是斯科特·德特罗。

From NPR, I'm Scott Dettrow.

这是NPR的《就此而言》。

It's Consider This from NPR.

与伊朗的紧张关系依然持续。

Tensions with Iran remain high.

美国在加勒比地区的军事力量依然强大，且与关键军事盟友的关系已经恶化。

The heavy presence of US forces in The Caribbean continues, and relations have frayed with key military allies.

但在国防部长皮特·海格塞斯反DEI政策的推动下，五角大楼仍在积极推动对跨性别服役人员的退役处理。

But under defense secretary Pete Hegseth's anti DEI push, the Pentagon is still aggressively pursuing separations with transgender service members.

我们的制作人之一、NPR的劳伦·霍奇斯一直与几位受影响的人保持联系。

One of our producers, NPR's Lauren Hodges, has been in contact with several of the people affected.

以下是她的报道。

Here's her report.

当71岁的退役四星上将斯坦利·麦克克里斯托尔走向讲台时，全场响起掌声。

The room applauds as 71 year old retired four star general Stanley McChrystal approaches the podium.

有人低声说：‘真不敢相信他来了。’

I can't believe he's here, someone whispers.

仿佛听到了这些话，麦克克里斯托尔对着麦克风说道：

Almost as if he heard them, McChrystal says this into the microphone.

首先，我们本不该在这里。

First off, we shouldn't be here.

这是一场为五名被特朗普政府第二项禁令强制驱逐出军队的跨性别军人举行的退役仪式。

Here is a retirement ceremony for five transgender service members who have been forcibly separated from the military under the Trump administration's second ban.

此次活动由人权运动组织发起，以替代本应由五角大楼举办的正式仪式。

The event has been organized by the advocacy group, the Human Rights Campaign, in lieu of a proper Pentagon ceremony.

当这些专业人士最终决定退役时，仪式应该在阅兵场、办公室、军舰甲板上举行， wherever the space force goes。

When these professionals finally decide to retire, it should happen on parade fields, in offices, on the deck of ships, wherever the space force goes.

我不知道。

I don't know.

对军方最新军种的这句玩笑话，引起了在场军人的一阵笑声。

The playful dig at the military's newest branch gets a laugh from the room full of service members.

麦克克里斯特尔在21世纪初的伊拉克和阿富汗战争期间声名鹊起。

McChrystal became a household name in the early to mid two thousands during the wars in Iraq and Afghanistan.

但今天，他穿着西装领带前来主持这场仪式。

But today, he's here in a suit and tie to preside over this ceremony.

今天我们聚集于此，表彰指挥官布莱克·德鲁蒙德，美国海军；少校亚伦·格拉塞克，美国空军；一级军士长贾达·麦圭尔，美国海岸警卫队；一级军士长凯瑟琳·施密德，美国陆军。

We gather today to recognize commander Blake Drummond, United States Navy, lieutenant colonel Aaron Graseck, United States Air Force, chief petty officer Jada McGuire, United States Coast Guard, sergeant first class Katherine Schmid, United States Army.

布莱·弗拉姆上校，美国空军。

Colonel Brie Fram, United States Air Force.

在禁令实施前，布莱·弗拉姆上校是美国武装部队中军衔最高的跨性别军人。

Before the ban, colonel Brie Fram was the highest ranking transgender member of the US Armed Forces.

作为一名航天工程师，她在伊拉克战争期间被派往伊拉克和卡塔尔，后来在美国太空军担任军官。

An astronautical engineer, she deployed to Iraq and Qatar during the Iraq war and later served as an officer in the US Space Force.

弗拉姆走上讲台。

Fram steps up to the podium.

自由并非自我维持的。

Freedom is not self sustaining.

它并非必然的。

It is not inevitable.

它需要一次又一次有人挺身而出，说：如果我不做，那谁来做？

It requires people again and again who are willing to stand up and say, if not me, then who?

然后她请在场的人们也这样做。

And then she asks people to do just that.

如果你是跨性别服役人员或退伍军人，我想请你们做一件可能让你们感到不适的事。

If you are a trans service member or veteran, I'm gonna go ask you to do something that may feel uncomfortable.

我要请你们

I'm going

暂时站起来。

to ask you to stand for a moment.

其中一位站起来的是美国陆军少校卡拉·科科伦。

One of those standing is US army major Kara Corcoran.

她十七年的服役经历包括丰富的战斗和领导经验。

Her seventeen years of service includes significant combat and leadership experience.

在岩石山旅、哈内德第一空降师、空降突击师、斯帕拉战斗前哨担任排长。

Platoon leader in the Rockassans, star brigade, Harned First Airborne, Air Assault Division, Combat Outpost Sparra.

我在第二空降师担任指挥官三年，期间担任跳伞主管。

I've been commander for three years in the second Airborne Division where I was the jump master.

她目前仍在办理退役手续。

She is still going through her separation from the service.

正如NPR此前报道的，特朗普第一任期内曾为已服役的跨性别军人提供了一个短暂的希望窗口，允许他们在几个月内获得性别焦虑的官方医学诊断以保留职位。

As NPR previously reported, the first Trump administration gave a short window of hope to any transgender person already serving who wanted to keep their job, get an official medical diagnosis for gender dysphoria within a few months.

于是我迅速赶往部队医疗诊所。

So I quickly rushed into the troop medical clinic.

他们给我开了性别焦虑的诊断证明。

They gave me a gender dysphoria diagnosis.

特朗普连任第二任期后，出台了新的指导方针，将性别焦虑列为服役的不合格标准。

After Trump was reelected to his second term, new guidance was put out that listed gender dysphoria as a disqualifying standard for service.

在按照要求获得诊断后，科科伦与其他数千人一起被列为需退役对象。

Having obtained the diagnosis as instructed, Corcoran was identified for removal along with thousands of others.

特朗普政府辩称，此举是为了确保任务准备度、控制成本以及维护部队凝聚力。

The Trump administration has argued that this is necessary for mission readiness, cost issues, and unit cohesion.

科科伦对此提出反驳。

Corcoran pushes back.

这是系统性的压迫。

It's systematic oppression.

应该和任何人接受肩部手术或膝盖手术时一样，遵循相同的标准和流程，顺便说一句，我们所有的手术恢复期都更短，之后我们就能重返岗位。

It should be the same standard of care in the same process as anybody would have with a shoulder surgery or a knee surgery, which, by the way, for all the surgeries we get, the recovery period is less, and we're back in the fight.

感觉他们只是想找借口把所有跨性别服役人员赶出去，就是这样。

It feels like they just want an excuse to kick out all the transgender service members, period.

W是一位在海军服役的跨性别女性。

W is a transgender woman who serves in the navy.

她要求只用首字母表示，因为她属于‘隐性’状态，也就是说她没有公开自己是跨性别者。

She has asked to only go by an initial because she's, quote, stealth, meaning she's not out as trans.

她以男性形象示人，尚未接受任何性别肯定手术。

She presents as a man and hasn't undergone any gender affirmation surgery.

她知道，一旦此事公开，她就会失去工作。

She knows she'll lose her job if it's made public.

W说，只有大约四位同事知道这件事，这些人会替她提问，以免引起怀疑。

W says only about four of her colleagues know, and those people are helping by asking questions on her behalf, so no one suspects anything.

我要说，在我的部队里，对跨性别水兵的支持其实有很多，只是默默的。

I will say there is a lot of quiet support for transgender sailors, at least at my command.

人们都在尽力遵守这些命令的字面意思，同时又不完全暴露他们的跨性别水兵。

Like, people are trying their best to follow the exact wording of these orders without completely outing their trans sailors.

这种经历也发生在另一位水兵A身上，他同样处于‘隐身’状态，并出于与W相同的原因只使用首字母。

That experience is shared by a fellow sailor, a, who is also stealth and using only an initial for the same reasons as w.

但A，一位跨性别男性，是以另一种方式保持隐身的。

But a, a trans man, is stealth in a different way.

这是两种非常不同的经历。

It's two very different experiences.

像我这样的人，在入伍前就已经完成了过渡，所以加入军队时我的文件没有任何更改。

You've got people like me who transitioned prior to the military, so there was no change in documents when I joined.

当A开始新兵训练时，他把一名军士拉到一旁，告诉她自己的情况，于是军士以‘宗教原因’为由为他安排了单独的淋浴设施。

When A started boot camp, he pulled a sergeant aside to let her know, and she arranged for separate showers for, quote, religious reasons.

当有机会参加飞行学校时，很明显，在药物检测过程中A的性别身份将被暴露。

And when an opportunity came up for flight school, it was obvious that A's gender identity would be revealed during the drug testing process.

因此，他和上级决定让他退出培训，以避免这种情况发生。

So he and his command decided he would opt out of the training to avoid that situation.

但在纸面上，由于他的注意力缺陷多动障碍诊断，他非常感激这种保护，但也指出这阻碍了他为海军做出更多贡献。

But on paper, due to his ADHD diagnosis, he's incredibly grateful for the protection, but also points out that it's stopping him from being more useful to the navy.

如果我们真的在为战斗或部署做准备，为什么不能只专注于做好我们的工作，并尽最大努力完成呢？

If we really are preparing for combat or deployment, why can't we just focus on doing our jobs and doing them to the best of our ability?

A提到，国防部长皮特·赫格塞斯要求所有官兵观看或阅读他在弗吉尼亚州匡提科发表的九月演讲。

A points to moments like defense secretary Pete Hegseth requiring all troops to watch or read his September speech at Quantico, Virginia.

这一届政府从第一天起就采取了大量措施，清除我们部门中感染的所谓社会正义、政治正确和有毒意识形态垃圾，彻底根除政治干扰。

This administration has done a great deal from day one to remove the social justice, politically correct, and toxic ideological garbage that had infected our department, to rip out the politics.

不再有身份认同月，不再有多元化、公平与包容办公室，不再允许穿裙子的男人。

No more identity months, DEI offices, dudes in dresses.

数百名将军和海军上将被命令从世界各地的指挥岗位飞来，亲自参加这场演讲。

Hundreds of generals and admirals were ordered from commands all around the world to fly in and attend the speech in person.

我的指挥链

My chain of command

对这种浪费时间的行为直言不讳：我们为什么要花时间做这种事？

was pretty outspoken about, why are we wasting our time with this?

其他人指出，这不仅是时间的浪费，也是金钱的浪费。

Others point to a waste of not just time, but also money.

例如，在退役审查听证会上。

For instance, on the separation board hearings.

当我面对这些担任陪审团的审查委员时，我说：我们花了22000美元，把所有人召集到这里，只是为了讨论某人的生殖器。

When I go to these board members who are the jury, I said, we have spent $22,000 to assemble us all here to discuss somebody's genitals.

这些审查委员会极其昂贵。

These boards are extremely expensive.

普里娅·拉希德是

Priya Rashid is

一位为多名跨性别服役人员提供法律援助的军方律师，包括本故事中的几位，但她不能直接谈论他们的具体案件。

a military attorney working with several transgender service members, including in this story, but says she cannot speak directly about their cases.

自特朗普第二任期开始以来，她一直亲历五角大楼推动清除这一服役群体的过程。

She's had a front row seat to the Pentagon's push to remove this service population since Trump's second term began.

在最新指令中，军方退役审查委员会被要求认定任何目前或过去有性别焦虑诊断记录的跨性别服役人员为不适宜服役，并予以退役。

In the latest directives, military separation boards have been ordered to find unfit and separate any transgender service member with a current or past documentation of gender dysphoria.

结果通常是预先决定的，政府已经为自己设定了将这些人从我们的队伍中清除的目标。

The outcome is generally predetermined, and the government has really set itself up to purge these people out of our ranks.

五角大楼回应NPR的评论请求时，引用了其网站上的性别焦虑政策指南。

The Pentagon responded to NPR's request for comment by referring to the gender dysphoria policy guidance on its website.

美国海军指挥官布莱克·德雷门，退役。

Commander Blake Dremen, United States Navy, departing.

回到仪式现场，退役人员正在领取叠好的国旗，并完成最后的离场仪式。

Back at the ceremony, the retirees are being handed their folded flags and doing their final walkouts.

美国太空军上校布里·弗兰，退役。

Colonel Brie Frann, United States Space Force, departing.

麦克克里斯托尔将军表示，这些退役决定是一个错误，并且影响了任务准备度。

General McChrystal says the separations are a mistake and that they're affecting mission readiness.

希格斯部长声称，在多个全球冲突持续升温的背景下，他所领导的战争部门优先考虑的价值之一。

One of the listed values that secretary Hegseth claims as a priority for his department of war amidst several simmering global conflicts.

天啊，如果我们结束了一场重大战争，却不得不征召所有人时，我希望我们不会突然说，我们只征召某种类型的人，因为那样我们的人手就不够了。

God forbid if we end a major war and we need to start calling everybody up, I would hope that we would not suddenly say we are only gonna draft people of a certain type because we wouldn't have enough.

劳伦·霍奇斯，NPR新闻，华盛顿。

Lauren Hodges, NPR News, Washington.

本集由劳伦·霍奇斯和米亚·文卡特制作，音频工程由尼莎·海恩斯负责。

This episode was produced by Lauren Hodges and Mia Venkat with audio engineering by Nisha Haines.

本集由安德鲁·苏斯曼和帕特里克·贾伦·瓦塔纳纳剪辑。

It was edited by Andrew Sussman and Patrick Jaren Watanana.

我们的执行制片人是萨米·耶尼根。

Our executive producer is Sammy Yenigan.

这是NPR的《就此而言》。

It's Consider This from NPR.

我是斯科特·德特罗克斯。

I'm Scott Detreaux.