每日英语五词 #49.4

大家好，欢迎收听《像母语者一样学英语》播客。我是安娜，您现在收听的是‘每日五词英语’第49周第四天的内容。在这里，您将获得每日英语词汇和短语的健康剂量，帮助您扩展词汇量并提升听力技能。那么，让我们从短语动词‘make up’开始吧。这次，‘make up’指的是编造、发明某件事物。

Hello, and welcome to the English Like a Native podcast. My name is Anna, and you're listening to week 49, day four of your English five a day. This is where you'll get your healthy daily dose of English words and phrases that will help you to expand your vocabulary and improve your listening skills. So, let's get started with the phrasal verb make up. Now, this time, make up is referring to invent, to invent something.

‘make up’由两个单词组成：make（m a k e）和up（u p）。‘make up’意为编造。如果你‘make something up’，就是在创造它。

So make up, two words. Make, m a k e. Up u p. To make up, make up. If you make something up, then you create it.

你在发明它，捏造它。这通常用于故事、解释或借口。假设你上班迟到，只是因为起不来床——唉，就是那种特别疲惫的早晨。

You invent it. You fabricate it. And this is usually in regards to a story or an explanation, an excuse, perhaps. So let's imagine you arrive late at work because you simply could not get out of bed. Oh, it's just one of those mornings you were so tired.

你不停地按掉闹钟的贪睡按钮，结果上班迟到了。但你不打算告诉老板实情，而是准备编个借口：‘太抱歉了，您绝对想不到今早发生了什么——’

And you kept hitting the snooze button on your alarm. And you ended up being quite late for work. But instead of telling your boss that, you're going to make up an excuse. You're going to tell them, oh, I'm so sorry. You'll never believe what happened this morning.

我去赶公交车，但车到站后因为一匹脱缰的马而延误。我们住在田野附近，有匹马从田里逃出来，正在我们前面的街上狂奔。大家花了约二十分钟才把马追回田里。结果公交车刚启动又突然起火，因为停在路边太久导致引擎过热。

I went to get my bus. But my bus, when it arrived, was then delayed because there was a horse loose. We lived near a field, and there was a horse had escaped from the field and was galloping around the street just ahead of us. And so we were delayed for about twenty minutes while the horse was being chased down and finally was captured and returned to the field. And then as the bus started to drive off, it suddenly burst into flames because it was overheating from sitting idly at the side of the road for so long.

我们不得不紧急疏散，还得等消防员检查是否吸入浓烟。消防员坚持要我们去医院做最终检查。天啊，真是场闹剧。实在抱歉。

And so we all had to be evacuated off the bus. And then we had to wait to be checked by the firefighters to make sure that we hadn't inhaled any smoke. And then the firefighters insisted that we headed to the hospital just to have a final check. And so, goodness me, it was such a palaver. So sorry about that.

这个故事完全是你编造的借口。太糟糕了。再举个‘make up’的例子：当被问及缺课原因时，莉莉编造了一个家庭紧急情况的故事。

You just made up that story. You just made up that excuse. Terrible. Here's another example of make up. When asked about her absence from school, Lily decided to make up a story about a family emergency.

你上次编故事是什么时候？好的。清单上的下一个习语是'掩盖行踪'。掩盖行踪。三个词：掩盖，c o v e r，你的，y o u r，行踪，t r a c k s。

When was the last time you made up a story? Okay. Next on the list is the idiom to cover your tracks. To cover your tracks. Three words, cover, c o v e r, your, y o u r, tracks, t r a c k s.

掩盖行踪。这个习语的意思是试图隐藏你所做的事，因为你不希望别人发现。你可以从字面上理解这个说法。假设你正在逃避追捕，也许你是个小偷，刚偷了些珠宝正在逃跑。但当你入室行窃时，外面下了一场雪。

To cover your tracks. This idiom means to try and hide what you've done because you don't want people, other people to find out about it. Now, you could think about this quite literally. If you are escaping someone, maybe you are a criminal and you've just stolen some jewelry and now you are running away. But while you were in the house stealing jewelry, a blanket of snow fell.

现在到处都覆盖着皑皑白雪。当你从房子里逃跑时，会留下一串脚印，清楚显示你的逃跑路线。任何人都能顺着痕迹找到你。所以你会竭力掩盖行踪，比如用树叶遮盖，或者在雪地里... 话说在雪地里要怎么掩盖足迹呢？这挺难的，对吧？

And so now everywhere is covered in pristine snow. And so as you run away from the house, you're leaving all these footprints, a trail showing exactly the route you're taking. So anyone could follow the trail and find you. So you will then make a great effort to cover your tracks, to hide them, maybe with leaves or by, I don't know, how would you cover your tracks in the snow? That would be quite hard, wouldn't it?

确实非常困难。所以'掩盖行踪'就是试图隐藏你的所作所为。举个例子：犯错后，马可迅速试图掩盖痕迹以避免后果。如果你在数字世界做了某件事，比如在网上发表了不当言论，之后可能会开始删除文件、公开评论或电脑历史记录，以防被人发现。

That would be very hard indeed. So to cover your tracks, to try and hide what you've done. Here's an example sentence. After making the mistake, Marco quickly tried to cover his tracks to avoid any consequences. If you do something digitally, if you do something online that you later realise was a mistake, then you may start deleting files, deleting comments that you've made publicly, deleting the logs, the history of your computer so that no one can find out it was you.

好的。清单上的下一个形容词是'生硬的'。生硬的。拼写为s t i l t e d。Still tid。

Okay. Next on the list is the adjective stilted. Stilted. We spell this s t I l t e d. Still tid.

生硬的。这个词形容事物缺乏自然感或流畅性，可能显得做作或过分正式。你遇到过过分正式的人吗？那种感觉很不自然，对吧？

Stilted. Stilted means that something is characterised by a lack of naturalness or a lack of flow. It might be quite artificial or maybe overly formal. Have you ever met someone who's being overly formal? It feels a bit unnatural, doesn't it?

假设你参加一个公司社交活动。这是下班后的聚会，大家都在庆祝节日之类的场合。没人穿正装，都穿着T恤牛仔裤，吃喝玩乐。背景音乐响着，有人正在唱卡拉OK。

Maybe you arrive at a work social event. So it's out of office hours, it's a party, everyone's there to celebrate the holidays, whatever it is. And no one's wearing their office clothes. They're all wearing like t shirts and jeans and having food and drinks. And there's music playing and people singing on karaoke.

大家都非常放松。但你正在和一位同事交谈，对方却一直用非常正式的方式说话。可能他们称呼你为先生、女士或克拉克先生之类的职场常用称谓。于是你说，嘿，放松点，我们直接叫名字吧。

And everyone's really relaxed. Yet you're talking to a colleague who continues to speak in a very formal way. Maybe they're addressing you as Sir or Ma'am or Mr. Clark or whatever it is that they would normally use to address you at work. And you say, hey, come on, let's be on first name basis.

你知道的，这是个派对，放轻松些。然后对方回答：好的好的，克拉克女士，随您怎么说。然后继续保持着非常正式的姿态。这样让人很不自在，对吧？

You know, it's a party, just relax. And then, okay, okay, Mrs. Clark, whatever you say. And just continue to be really formal. It doesn't feel comfortable, does it?

当有人过分拘礼时。这种情况会显得很生硬。你可以说：派对上乔治和我的对话非常生硬。他就是无法放松下来像普通人那样和我交谈，始终摆脱不了工作状态。

When someone is overly formal. So this would be quite stilted. You'd say the conversation between George and I at the party was quite stilted. He just couldn't relax and talk to me like a normal human being. He just couldn't get out of work mode.

举个例子：那位演员生硬的表演让本应感人的场景显得尴尬做作，无法引起观众共鸣。下一个词是名词'余波'（fallout），注意这是一个单词。

Here's an example sentence. The actor's stilted delivery made the heartfelt scene feel awkward and forced, failing to resonate with the audience. Next on the list is the noun fallout. Fallout. All one word.

我们拼写为f-a-l-l-o-u-t。余波指的是重大事件发生后产生的后续影响，尤其指负面后果。当重大事件发生后，其产生的影响就是余波。例如，当权人物发表大胆声明后，很可能会产生某些影响。

We spell it f a l l o u t. Fallout fallout. The fallout is the residual effects that follow a significant event, particularly those with negative consequences. So when something big happens, a significant event, the effects of that event, that is the fallout. So for example, if an important person, a person in power makes a bold statement, then that will likely have some impact.

这就会产生余波。比如英格兰银行宣布预计未来几天将降息，这就会对市场造成冲击。金融市场会立即对该声明作出反应，这就是余波。当我们那位任期极短的首相莉兹·特拉斯提出预算方案时，她的财政声明让市场恐慌不已。

It will create fallout. For example, if the Bank of England says that they believe they are going to cut interest rates in the next few days, then that will have an impact on the markets. The financial markets will suddenly react to that statement. There will be fallout. When we had our very, very short term Prime Minister, Liz Truss, she put in place a budget or made a statement about her budget that scared the markets so much.

这造成了极其巨大的负面影响。她的预算案引发了相当严重的余波。由于引发了各种混乱，她的首相之位也没能坐多久。这些余波影响相当深远。再来看个例子。

It had a huge, huge impact that was very negative. So there was quite a lot of fallout from her budget. And she didn't stay in that position for very long because she caused all kinds of chaos. The fallout was quite significant. Here's another example.

关闭当地图书馆这一争议决定带来的影响重大，引发了珍视这一教育与文化资源的社区居民抗议。今天清单的最后，我们要学习习语'长话短说'。长话短说。长话短说就是当我们准备用较少细节解释某事时的说法。

The fallout from the controversial decision to close the local library was significant, sparking protests from community members who valued the resource for education and culture. Last on today's list, we have the idiom to cut a long story short. To cut a long story short. To cut c u t, cut a long l o n g, story s t o r y, short s h o r t. To cut a long story short is something that we say when we are about to explain something with fewer details.

基本上我们想给你一个概述，或者说一个更长故事的重点。例如，如果我经历了从伦敦到伯明翰的漫长旅程——本应只需两三个小时的行程，却花了八小时。你会问：安娜，到底发生了什么？为什么从伦敦到伯明翰要这么久？怎么可能花了八小时？

So we want to give you the overview, basically, or the important points of a much longer story. For example, if I have a very, very, very long journey from where I live in London to Birmingham, a trip that should only take a couple of hours, maybe three at the most, maybe it's taken me eight hours to get from London to Birmingham. You say, Anna, what on earth happened? Why did it take you so long to get from London to Birmingham? How on earth did it take you eight hours?

我会气喘吁吁地觉得这是个很长的故事。发生了很多事。所以我可能会说：呃，长话短说，我的火车取消了。实际情况比这复杂得多，但我们没时间详述所有细节。

And I, I huff and I puff and I think this is a very long story. Many things happened. And so I might say, oh, well, to cut a long story short, my train was cancelled. There's a lot more to it than that. But we don't have time to go into all the details.

所以我的火车取消了，我不得不寻找替代交通工具。我把故事压缩到很少的词语。有时我们会把这个习语简化为'长话短说'。比如我可能对你说：嘿，我没为今天做准备，因为本该在昨天去伯明翰后准备的。但长话短说，去伯明翰花了我八小时。

So my train was cancelled and I had to find an alternative mode of transport. So I am reducing the story to very few words. Sometimes we shorten this idiom to long story short, long story short. So I might be saying to you, hey, I didn't prepare for today because I was supposed to have yesterday to prepare after travelling to Birmingham. But long story short, it took me eight hours to get to Birmingham.

所以我浪费了大半天时间赶路，导致今天演讲准备不足。所以'长话短说'或'简而言之'。再举个例子：长话短说，我们最终误了航班，但找到了更晚的更好航班。

So I lost most of my day just trying to get here. So now I'm ill prepared for today's presentation. So cut a long story short or long story short. Here's another example. To cut a long story short, we ended up missing our flight, but found a later one that was even better.

好的，五个知识点完毕。快速回顾一下：我们从短语动词'make up'开始，意思是编造故事或解释；然后是习语'cover your tracks'，指试图掩盖所做之事；

Okay. So that's our five. Let's do a quick recap. We started with the phrasal verb make up, meaning to invent or fabricate a story or an explanation. Then we had the idiom cover your tracks, which is to try and hide what you've done because you don't want other people to know about it.

接着是形容词'stilted'，指缺乏自然流畅感，显得做作；然后是名词'fallout'，指重大事件后的残余影响，通常负面；最后是习语'长话短说'，意为用简短话语解释某事。现在让我们为发音练习一遍。

Then we had the adjective stilted, stilted, which means that something is lacking a naturalness or lacking flow. It's kind of artificial. Then we had the noun fallout, which is the residual effects following a significant event, and it's usually negative. And we had the idiom to cut a long story short, meaning to explain something, something that happened in few words. So let's now do this for pronunciation purposes.

请跟我重复。编造。编造。掩盖痕迹。掩盖痕迹。

Please repeat after me. Make up. Make up. Cover your tracks. Cover your tracks.

生硬的。生硬的。后果。后果。长话短说。

Stilted. Stilted. Fallout. Fallout. To cut a long story short.

长话短说。很好。好的。现在让我测试你的记忆力。如果我做了不光彩的事又不想让人知道，于是试图隐瞒我的所作所为，可以用什么成语来形容我的行为？

To cut a long story short. Very good. Okay. Let me test your memory now. If I have done something I'm not proud of and I don't want anyone to know about it, and then I try to hide what I've done, What idiom could you use to describe what I'm doing?

我在试图掩盖痕迹。很好。如果我们交谈时我表现得很不自然，对话显得非常奇怪，缺乏流畅性。

I'm trying to cover my tracks. Very good. And if we have a conversation, but I am very awkward, I'm not very natural in my conversation with you. It's a very strange conversation. There's no flow.

我相当做作。可以用什么形容词来描述我和我们的对话？生硬的，生硬的。如果你想告诉我昨天发生在你身上的事，因为这能解释你今天为何如此，但你没时间详述所有细节。

I'm quite artificial. What adjective could you use to describe me and our conversation? Stilted, stilted. And then if you want to tell me what happened to you yesterday, because that will really help to explain why you are the way you are today. But you don't have time to tell me everything that happened.

你只打算告诉我重点。可以用什么成语表示你只讲重点？长话短说，是的，很好。如果我当场编造了一个从未存在过的故事，可以用什么短语动词来描述这个行为？我编了个故事。

You're just going to give me the important points. What idiom could you use to show that you're going to give me just the important points? To cut a long story short yes, very good. And if I tell you a story that has never previously existed, I've just invented this story on the spot, what phrasal verb could you use to describe this invention? I made up a story.

是的，我编了个故事。太棒了。最后，如果发生了重大事件，比如我锯倒了邻居的树——我因为邻居不修剪这棵树而愤怒，拿起电锯隔着篱笆把它砍倒了。

Yes, I made up a story. Fantastic. And finally, if something significant happens, maybe I cut down my neighbour's tree. I'm so cross with my neighbour for not pruning this tree that I get my chainsaw. I lean over the fence and I chop down the tree.

我现实生活中绝不会这么做。但若真做了，肯定会引发负面反应，不是吗？砍伐不属于我的树会带来负面影响。我们该用什么名词来描述砍树事件引发的这些后续影响？后果。

I'd never do this in real life. But if I did, then there's going to be a negative response, isn't there? There's going to be negative effects from me cutting down this tree that doesn't belong to me. What noun can we use to describe these effects that follow this event of me cutting down the tree? Fallout.

是的，我将不得不面对这些后果。绝对如此。好了，让我们在今天的故事时间里再次留意这些元素。侦探索尼娅·摩尔站在白板前，审视着她最新案件中的零星线索。

Yes, I'm going to have to deal with the fallout. Absolutely. Okay. So let's listen out for these items once again in today's story time. Detective Sonia Moore stood in front of the whiteboard eyeing the scarce details of her latest case.

受害者是位名叫詹姆斯·霍桑的隐居作家，被发现死于书房中。看似自杀，但侦探心存疑虑。当她询问霍桑的邻居时，他们的回答显得生硬刻板，甚至像排练过。仿佛有人教他们该说什么。索尼娅的直觉告诉她事情另有隐情。

The victim, a reclusive author named James Hawthorne, had been found dead in his study. It looked like suicide, but the detective was unconvinced. As she interviewed Hawthorne's neighbors, their responses seemed stilted, rehearsed even. It was as if someone had coached them on what to say. Sonya's instincts told her that there was something else going on.

她发现霍桑正在撰写一本揭露当地政客腐败丑闻的书。索尼娅找不到原稿，却在书房抽屉里发现一张神秘字条：'他们要来了。我不得不编造故事争取时间。如果你看到这个，说明我失败了。'

She discovered Hawthorne had been working on a book revealing the corruption scandals a local politician was part of. Sonya couldn't find the original manuscript, but she did find a cryptic note in a drawer in his study. They're coming. I had to make up a story to buy time. If you're reading this, I failed.

案情转折发生在索尼娅注意到有人试图掩盖某些细节时。监控录像被篡改，霍桑电脑里的文件全被删除。凶手正竭力掩盖踪迹。随着线索拼凑，索尼娅意识到这远非简单谋杀——霍桑未曝光的揭露可能动摇整个城市的政治根基。

The case took a turn when Sonia noticed subtle attempts to hide certain things. Security footage had been tampered with, and all the files on Hawthorne's computer had been deleted. Whoever did this was trying to cover their tracks. As she pieced together for clues, Sonya realized the implications reached far beyond a simple murder. The potential fallout from Hawthorne's unpublished revelations could shake the city's political landscape to its core.

长话短说，索尼娅的坚持得到回报。她揭露了涉及该政客和数名高官的阴谋。他们为保守秘密让霍桑永远沉默。最终正义得到伸张，但索尼娅感觉这只是冰山一角。合上案卷时，她思索着这座城市表面之下还隐藏着什么秘密，等待有决心的侦探去发现。

To cut a long story short, Sonya's persistence paid off. She uncovered a conspiracy involving the politician and several high ranking officials. They had silenced Hawthorne to prevent their secrets from coming to light. In the end, justice was served, but Sonya still felt that this was just the tip of the iceberg. As she closed the case file, she wondered what other secrets lurked beneath the city's surface, waiting to be uncovered by a determined detective willing to look beyond the obvious.

今天的节目就到这里。离开前，请在YouTube上点赞，或在其他平台留下评分评论。非常感谢收听，期待明天再次为您带来精彩内容。在此之前，请多保重，再见。我已将今日词汇及其定义例句加入'每日五词'数据库，包含该系列所有词汇。如需访问，请点击节目说明中的链接。

And that brings us to the end of today's episode. Before you go, please do just take a second to leave a like if you're watching on YouTube or a rating or review if you're streaming on another service. Thank you so much for listening and I look forward to tickling your eardrums again tomorrow. Until then, take very good care and goodbye I have added the vocabulary from today's episode along with the definition and the example sentences to the five a day database which includes all the vocabulary from the whole five a day series. If you would like to access this database then click on the link in the show notes.