3个德约科维奇赢得更多比赛的秘诀 - 网球精华播客第414期

大家好，欢迎收听《Essential Tennis》播客。这里是提供免费专业网球教学的地方，真正帮助你提升球技。欢迎来到《Essential Tennis》播客的第414期节目。今天我们将讨论德约科维奇赢得更多比赛的三项秘诀。这些都是非常实用的技巧，无论你是单打还是双打选手，都能在下一场比赛中立即应用。

Hi, and welcome to the Essential Tennis Podcast. Your place for free, expert tennis instruction that can truly help you improve your game. Welcome to episode number four fourteen of the Essential Tennis podcast. Today we're gonna talk about three Djokovic secrets to winning more matches. Really practical things that you can do in your very next match whether you are a singles player or a doubles player.

我们会将这些原则同时应用于单双打。无论你的水平如何，这些极其重要的原则都是每位网球选手应该练习的。第一点：制定简单的发球+1战术。'发球+1'是教练和分析师常用的术语，描述球员站上发球线时的进攻计划。发球在网球中至关重要，因为它启动对抗，并基本决定了作为发球方的你，是为自己创造优势，还是让接发球的对手占得先机，或者只是五五开的均势局面？

We're gonna apply these same principles to both sides of the game. Really, really important principles that every tennis player should be working on no matter what your level is. So number one, plan a simple serve plus one. Serve plus one is kind of the commonplace phrase that coaches and analysts use to describe the plan of attack that a player has stepping up to the line to hit their serve. Serve is such a critical shot in tennis because it starts the action and basically determines do you as the server, are you going to set yourself up in an advantageous way or are you going to set up your opponent who's returning serve in an advantageous way or is it just going to be a wash like fifty fifty?

从初学者到进阶选手存在一个明显的过渡阶段——在入门阶段，接发球方往往更具优势，因为发球者尚未掌握专业发球技术。球速慢、力量弱，基本只是勉强将球发进区来启动回合。接发者可以随心所欲地打正手、反手、斜线或直线，因为发球方无法通过落点、速度或旋转建立明显优势，更别说同时具备这三种要素。到了中级水平，可能趋于均势，因为发球稍具威力。而当达到高级水准时，发球者已能在第一二发中同时运用速度、旋转和精准落点，局势便彻底逆转。在美国，这种从均势转向发球优势的转变通常发生在4.0级别左右。而你现在就可以通过刻意练习，稳定地将一二发打到目标区域来建立这种优势。

And there's a a pretty smooth transition that happens between beginners where oftentimes at entry levels of the game, the returner actually has the advantage because the server doesn't have a specially developed serve. There's not a lot of pace, not a lot of power, and it's kinda just a a bare minimum ability to just kinda put the ball in the box just to check, you know, check the box, so to say, just to start the point. And so the returner gets to hit a forehand or a backhand or hit a cross court or hit a downhole and basically just do whatever the heck they want with it because there isn't any discernible advantage that the server gets because they don't have the ability to place the ball or hit it with pace or hit it with spin, much less all three at the same time. And then you get to kinda intermediate levels, and maybe it's kind of a wash, like nobody really has the advantage because the serve is a little bit stronger. Then you get up to advanced levels of play and all of a sudden the server has the ability to hit with pace and spin and placement on both first and second serves, and now all of a sudden the tables have totally turned and I would say that usually tends that transition towards neutral to advantage server usually tends to happen around the four point o level here in The United States and the way you can start giving yourself that advantage is to begin now, today, practicing putting both your first and your second serve in a location on purpose reliably and routinely.

我刚从夏威夷为期一周的执教回来，其中整天专门训练发球与接发。那天的重要环节是让学员在底线列队，练习发外角或追身（即发向发球区的正手位或反手位）。说实话，我曾将发球区三等分，让学员区分外角、追身和中间位（正对身体的发球）。但今年我决定取消中间位训练，因为多数球员发球威力不足，中间位发球无法真正干扰接发者——这不是评判或贬低，而是现实：必须达到一定球速才有意义，否则发向中间反而为对手打开进攻大门。不过今天我们讨论的不是发力机制（虽然这需要持续改进），对多数听众而言，现阶段更重要的是：能否将发球区简单分为左右两半，稳定地选择发外角或内角？遗憾的是，我认为对很大比例的球员来说答案是否定的。

I just got back from a week of coaching in Hawaii and we have a day that we just focus on serve and return and a big part of that day we have students line up on the baseline and practice hitting their serve out wide or down the tee, meaning to the forehand corner of the box, the service box, or the backhand corner of the service box. Honestly, I I used to break the boxes in the thirds and have students differentiate between going out wide, going down the t, and going to the body, right right in the middle of the box, so breaking the service box in the thirds. And I decided just this year to just let's just remove the body part of it because a, most players don't hit their serve big enough to where a body serve really means anything because it's not moving fast enough to actually jam the returner. That's not a statement of, like, judgment or or condescension, just the reality of it. You have to hit the serve at a certain pace.

否则，把球发到发球区正中只会给接发者大开方便之门。所以第一，继续完善你的发力机制（虽然这不是今天的重点），持续优化动力链、放松度和发球速度，直到中间位发球成为可行选项。但对此刻大多数听众而言，更重要的是：我们能否先把发球区简单分为两半，稳定地选择击向外角或内角（正手位或反手位）？遗憾的是，我认为对相当大比例的网球选手来说，答案是否定的。

Otherwise, hitting it right in the middle of the box actually just opens the door for the returner. So a, keep working on your mechanics, but that's not what we're talking about today. Keep working on your kinetic chain and your looseness and your ability to generate pace on your serve so that a body serve is actually on the table and it's actually possible. But what's more important for most of you listening right now is can we just can we split the box into halves and reliably just decide on purpose to hit either out wide or down the tee, so to the forehand corner or to the backhand corner? And the answer unfortunately for, I think, a very large percentage of tennis players is just no.

他们就是做不到。那么我们怎么可能指望实施‘发球加一’策略呢？意思是，我要把发球瞄准这里，然后对第二拍制定计划，要么拉开对手，要么打他们身后，或者以某种方式让他们不舒服。如果我们连发球都控制不了位置，这根本不可能。说实话，虽然听起来有点刻薄，但和我合作的一批又一批球员，当我开始解释重要性并讨论为何精准发球如此关键时，越来越多地感觉就像在对牛弹琴。你懂吗？

They just can't do that. And so how can we ever hope to have a serve plus one strategy, meaning I'm gonna aim my serve here and then I'm gonna have a plan for shot number two to either stretch my opponent or hit behind them or in some form or fashion make them uncomfortable, that's not possible if we can't even just place the serve in the first place. And it it feels this is gonna sound a little mean, but it just feels to me honestly like group after group of players that I work with, when I start unpacking why it's important and we start discussing, here's why it's so critical to place your serve and let let's, like, practice this. More and more, I feel like it's just I'm kind of speaking Greek. You know?

感觉就像...就像在拔牙一样费劲，而这明明是最基础的根本技能。所以我现在要你诚实地问自己——如果你正在听我说话——你有这个能力吗？不管你是单打选手、双打选手还是什么水平。如果我押上一千美元赌注，你必须带着信心、决心和加速动作发球，只有一次机会，而我指定必须发到发球区的反手角或正手角，你能在超过一半的情况下做到吗？

It's it's it's like people are just kind of like it it it feels like I'm kinda pulling teeth a little bit, and this this is such of incredibly basic fundamental skill. So I I want please, I want you to be real honest with yourself right now. If you're listening to my voice, do you have the ability? I don't it doesn't matter if you're a singles player or doubles player or what level player you are. Do you feel confident that if I put, let's say, a thousand dollars on the line and you have to hit a serve with confidence and conviction and acceleration and you get one try, and if I were to just pick, this has to go to the backhand corner or the forehand corner of the service box, can you do it more than half the time?

你能在十次里成功七八次吗？十次里失误几次没关系，这里不要求完美，但带着自信挥拍时成功率绝对应该超过50%。如果你没有这个能力，天哪，网球对你来说会困难得多。我们谈论的是非常基础的东西，但德约科维奇和电视上你看到的所有选手——稍微剧透一下——在同名视频《德约科维奇赢得比赛的三个秘诀》里，我全部用德约的实际案例来说明这些技巧。

You know, can you convert on that seven times or eight times out of 10? If you miss a couple out of 10, that's fine. There's there's no expectation here of being perfect, but it should definitely be over 50% with a confident swing, and if you don't have that capability, man, is tennis gonna be so much harder for you. And so we're we're talking about a very fundamental thing here, but Djokovic and everybody else you watch on TV, I I guess a bit of bit of spoiler here. In in the video by the same title, three Djokovic secrets to winning more matches, I I use Djokovic examples for for all of these.

顺便说，你可以在YouTube找到那个视频《德约科维奇赢得比赛的三个秘诀》。我用德约的真实案例来展示所有这些技巧，但所有4.0级别以上的网球选手都在不同程度地执行这些——无论是精确度、完成度、强度、击球速度等等。如果连发球都控制不了位置，‘发球加一’根本无从谈起。所以请务必练习这个，我恳求你们。

And by the way, you can find that video on YouTube, three Djokovic secrets for winning more matches. So I I use Djokovic real life examples for all of these different skills, but every tennis player over a four point o level is doing all of these things to varying degrees of precision and execution and intensity and speed of shot and so on and so forth. Serve plus one is impossible without first placing your serve. So please, please practice this. I'm begging you.

如果你想成为优秀网球选手，无论你什么水平或对手是谁，这真的是个关键...说真的，这算是入门技能。如果你现在还做不到稳定发挥，就开始练习吧。我有训练方法教你，如果不知道怎么做，去YouTube搜索‘精准发球的两个秘诀’，会跳出一个Essential Tennis的老视频。还有另一个视频叫《如何瞄准发球》。

If you wanna be a great tennis player, no matter what your level is or who you play against, this is a critical I mean, just honestly, like, beginner skill. And if you can't do it yet reliably, start practicing it. And I've got some training for you. If you don't know how, just go to YouTube and do a search for two secrets for laser accurate serves And you'll see a old essential tennis video pop up. There's another one too, how to aim your serve.

因此你可以搜索这两者。原理相同，但这些都只是YouTube上的免费视频。它会讲解瞄准的原理，展示训练方法，这是实现‘发球加一’的第一步。所谓‘发球加一’，简单来说就是我有意识、有目的地通过发球将对手拉向一侧，或针对我认定的弱点进行打击，迫使对手使用较弱的回球。但这两点都建立在我能先选定落点并稳定将球送到那里的基础上。

So you could search for both of those. The principles are the same, but those are both just free videos on YouTube. And it talks about the principles of how to aim, it shows drills for how to train and this is the first step to being able to have a serve plus one. So serve plus one just simply means I'm consciously, deliberately either placing my serve to pull my opponent in one direction or the other or I'm deliberately targeting what I have determined to be a weakness and I am forcing my opponent to have to hit their lesser shot. Neither of those things are possible until I can first pick a spot and then reliably make the ball go there.

若你想学习具体操作，去YouTube搜索那些免费视频，我会逐步演示。顺便明确一下——如果你观看德约科维奇主题视频，会发现我展示的典型案例是过去十到十五年间职业选手常用的战术：尤其在占先区对右手球员时，发外角拉开对手，随后要么打空当（即‘加一’），要么在对手预判你打空当时回击身后球（即回到原侧）。这些虽是单打专用战术，但双打中同样适用，尤其网前有队友时。双打中可针对对手弱侧持续施压，为队友创造机会迫使双方都使用弱势击球。此外，‘发球加一’也可提前规划截击战术——比如告诉队友‘我发向对方反手，你负责斜线球’，这意味着你们预判换位。

So if you wanna know how to do that, look up those those free videos on YouTube and I'll show you step by step how to do it. By the way, so the so just to like spell it out specifically, and if you watch the Djokovic focused video, you'll see that the specific example I show a lot of there is what a lot of professional players have been doing frequently over the last ten, fifteen years, and that is especially on the deuce side for righty, hitting out wide, pulling the opponent off the court, and then either hitting to the open court on the next shot, that's the plus one, or when your opponent thinks you're gonna hit to the open court, hit behind them, meaning go back to that same side because they're anticipating and they're already running across the court. Hitting behind them means go back in the other direction that they think you're going. Now, those are both singles specific, but it doesn't take a lot of imagination in doubles to picture the same type of setups, especially since in doubles you've got your partner up at the net. So I think in doubles, the tactic of just picking on the weaker side and just hammering it over and over and just to set up your partner to force both both doubles opponents to hit their weaker shot and try to avoid your partner, and then in addition to that, serve plus one could simply mean planning ahead of time a poach, meaning you tell your partner, hey, I'm gonna hit to their backhand, you cover the cross court shot, meaning you're planning ahead of time, your partner is going to cut across and cover the cross court shot and you are planning ahead of time, you are gonna cover down the line, so you're just you're just calling a switch.

这就能构成你的‘发球加一’。发向弱点后换位干扰，让接发者找不到节奏，无法舒服地打出斜线自由球——要知道全球绝大多数双打得分都依赖这种斜线球。这是三大策略之首：规划简单的‘发球加一’，而一切始于能将发球精准送到某个角落。在发球速度不足时，先别考虑追身发球。现阶段能有意识地控制落点（正手侧或反手侧）其实更具威力。

That could put be your serve plus one. Serve to the weakness, switch sides, mix it up so that the returners don't get into a rhythm, they don't get comfortable, and they don't have just a free shot cross court, which is true for the vast majority of doubles points that get played every day all across the world. So this is number one out of the three strategies is plan a simple serve plus one and that all starts with being able to just hit your serve to one corner or the other corner. Don't worry about the body serve until your serve is pretty hard and you can actually kind of handcuff or jam up the return of serve player. If and and by the way, if you can't hit your serve that hard yet, it's totally fine being able to place it purposefully and precisely, forehand side, backhand side, honestly, is way more powerful.

这效果要好得多。能掌握追身发球当然更好吗？当然。但现阶段发球速度不够完全没问题。

It's much more effective. Would it be nice to have the body serve too? Of course. Yes. But if you can't hit your serve that hard yet, it's okay.

首先至少要学会将发球定向到某一侧。我提到的视频会详细教学。现在讲第二策略：接发时瞄准大目标区域。

First, at least learn how to place your serves to one side or the other. In those videos that I mentioned, we'll tell you exactly how to do that. Okay. Let's move on to number two. The number two strategy you can use to win more matches immediately is to hit big targets on the return of serve.

尤其面对强力发球时——不过说实话，多数听众无需担心这点。你们很少遭遇炮弹式发球压制，也不会被ACE球轰炸或被迫处理超高弹跳发球。统计上看，只有5%或更少的观众需要应对这类发球。

And against somebody with a big serve especially, but, you know, in just full honesty, most of you listening to me don't have to worry about that. Some of you do, but most players at most levels, you're not getting bombed, you know, off the court. You're not getting aced over and over again. You're not having to deal with kick serves way up outside your strike zone or a 100 mile an hour, you know, body serves that are that are handcuffing you. Some of you listening, but just statistically, it's it's less.

对绝大多数球员而言，关键是要预先设定目标。双打选手通常以斜线为主，尤其当网前球员不活跃时。单打选手——我在德约主题视频中强调过——他频繁选择中路回发。

It's 5% or or less less than that of those of you watching that have to deal with those types of shots. For everybody else, the vast majority of players, it's critical that you have a target ahead of time, first of all. And for doubles players, obviously, that's normally and mostly gonna be cross court. There's nothing wrong with that, especially if the net player is not super active. And for singles players, and what I really highlight in the Djokovic themed video, if you go check it out, is how frequently he targets just right down the middle.

这策略同样适用于双打。若对手网前不积极，瞄准网带上方三英尺处极其安全：既过网最低点，又确保斜线深度（无论占先区或平分区回发），且以中心带为参照时实际是打向对角最远端，容错空间极大。

And honestly, I mean, that that carries over pretty well in the doubles too. If you're playing against a team that isn't very active at the net, honestly, just aiming right for the the net strap and, like, three feet over the top of it is super safe. You're hitting right over the low part of the net. You're hitting cross court whether you're returning from the do side or the add side, and you're giving yourself maximum distance and depth because you're literally just aiming for the far corner cross court from you if you take that center strap target. And so you're giving yourself a big margin for error.

这就是我说的‘大目标’：高过网+深落点。毕竟多数分数终结于失误——尤其业余级别。最聪明的打法就是预留充足空间。双打选手可能觉得冒险，但单打选手完全无需顾虑。

That's what I mean by big target. Lots of height over the net and lots of distance inside the lines because most points end with an error at all levels of play, but especially those of us who are playing normal everyday levels of tennis just like me, most points end with somebody just messing up. So it's most intelligent, you're gonna be playing highest IQ tennis to pick plenty of space, plenty of margin, and I know that sounds scary especially to you doubles players. Let's start with singles players. Singles players, you got nothing to worry about.

单打没有网前压迫，发上网战术也罕见。所以尽管提高过网高度——四五六英尺都可以，尤其对阵重炮手。视频中德约频繁示范的中路深区回发就是范例：若能实现这点，你已成功将局势拉回均势。接发的首要目标就是消除发球方优势，做到这点就等于赢了开局。

There's no net player. Very rarely are you gonna play somebody who's serving in volleying, so frankly, aim high over the net. Give yourself four or five, six feet over the top of the net, and especially against a a big hard server, and I show lots of examples of this in the video where Djokovic is just hitting the ball literally just down the middle, and if you can hit down the middle with decent depth, not only can you just totally neutralize which is your number one priority is like let's just start this point off on even ground. If you can do that, you've you've already won. If if you can take away the advantage the server is trying to gain, then you've already won.

当然，关键在于争取赢得这一分。但若能削弱发球方的优势，让多数回合始于平等对抗，这便是在通往大获成功、赢得无数比赛的正确道路上迈出了巨大一步。对于高水平双打选手而言，面对活跃的网前选手时，你既无法奢侈地将球瞄准贴近中线区域，也不能随心所欲地高弧度过网——因为优秀的网前选手会直接截击这些回球，狠狠砸向你的搭档。若反复打出这类回球，你的搭档很快就会对你颇有微词。但若彻底改变策略，追求低平、强力且大角度的回球，这只会叠加挑战，压缩容错空间，大幅增加你开场失误白送分数的概率。

And of of course, the the point then is to try to win the point. But if you can take away the advantage of the server and start most points on even ground, that's a gigantic step in the right direction of being able to be super successful and win lots and lots of matches. So doubles players, of course, at higher levels, when you're playing against very active net players, you don't have the luxury of being able to aim so close to the actual middle, and you don't have the luxury of being able to aim so high over the top of the net because a very good, very active net player is going to take those shots away and crush them right at your partner. You're not gonna be very popular for very long if you hit those types of returns over and over again. But rather than pivot completely and think how do I hit this low and hard and with a lot of angle, now we're just stacking and layering challenge and removing actively margin for error and increasing dramatically the odds of you just making a mistake right off the bat and giving away free points.

这正是网球制胜法则的根基——绝大多数回合仅持续2-3拍。虽然赛后你总会回味那些20拍、30拍的精彩拉锯战，记得那些偶尔出现的漫长回合，难忘那些包含极限救球、激烈攻防的集锦时刻，但这些只占极小比例。无论你是什么级别选手，若统计一小时比赛中的回合长度，会发现发球与接发后就结束的回合占比之高绝对令你震惊。

And that is like the foundation of all winning tennis is because here's the thing, the vast majority of points only last two to three shots. And I know you walk back to your car in the parking lot afterwards reflecting on all the crazy points that lasted, you know, 20 hits, 30 hits. You remember the the the long kinda boring rallies that that, of course, happen from time to time. You remember the highlight reel points where there's incredible gets and incredible, like, dynamic athletic hits of the ball, and people are trying to hit winners and playing defense, and there's the back and forth, you know, struggle, somebody finally puts the ball away. Those points are a tiny minority of all the points, and if you were to take an hour of play no matter who you are, what level you are, and chart out how many points last one shot, how many points last two shots, how many points last three shots, you would be shocked to learn how high the percentage is of points that just last the serve and the return.

确切地说，任何级别比赛中超过50%的回合仅包含发球、接发再加一拍。正因如此，我们才首先探讨精准可靠的发球，现在又聚焦接发技术——这绝非偶然。若能优化前两拍，哪怕在平淡的发接发回合中多赢5%-10%的分数，你就从统计上最大的得分区间中啃下了可观份额。这种无需华丽击球就能显著提升胜率的方式，正是赢取大量比赛的秘诀。

Or certainly, like it's definitely over 50% no matter what level you are listening, serve, return and just one more shot. Over half of the points are just those first couple of shots which is why by the way, we started out by talking about the serve and being precise and accurate and reliable and now we're talking about the return. It's not an accident. If you can optimize those first two shots and then win 5% or 10% more of the boring mundane points that just include the serve or the serve and the return and that's it, you just bid off a big chunk of the pie that is the largest percentage statistically of all the points you're gonna play, and so you're moving the needle as big as possible without having to come away with any noteworthy shots. That's how you win a lot of matches.

胜利不来自追求那种擦网压线的炫目直线抽击（双打选手的巷道球确实令人兴奋），虽然这些击球充满乐趣，但必须承认它们只占极小比例。若将所有精力都投入掌握这些非常规击球，即便赢得精彩回合，却忽视发球局保护和接发稳定性的基本功，你仍会输掉大量比赛。

It's not by trying to master, you know, the one inch over the net, one inch inside the line, slap, you know, forehand down the line or down the alley if you're a if you're a doubles player. Those are fun. You know? I I love hitting that that shot just as much as anybody else, but we have to acknowledge that it's a tiny percentage of the overall points. And so if we can if we if we focus all of our time and our attention on mastering that little outlier shot as noteworthy as it is, great and it's satisfying, you know, to win those points, but you're still gonna lose a lot of matches if you don't take care of business on the other end of the spectrum and you protect your serve and you protect your turn consistency and precision and reliability.

因此接发时要瞄准大目标区域——但这不意味着软弱击球。特别是4.0及以上级别的双打选手，绝不能打出绵软无力的回球（单打或许还有周旋余地）。

So that's why on returns we're aiming for big targets. Now that doesn't mean we're hitting the ball softly, doesn't mean we're being tentative, it doesn't mean we're being careful especially at higher levels. If if you're a four o player listening or four five player or above, you don't have the luxury of hitting a a weak shot, especially in doubles. Singles, maybe. You know?

单打中若回球较浅但足够深，尚可进入相持。但3.5级别以上的双打完全不同，必须保证回球具备足够质量、速度和落点。即便如此，仍不该追求英雄球。

Like, if it floats, but at least you keep it real deep, you can still get into the point. No problem. But in doubles, you you don't have that luxury especially when you get above the three five level. There has to be a certain level of quality, pace, and placement, and so so so I get that. But you should still shouldn't be aiming for hero shots.

那是赌徒行为，长期来看会降低胜率。应该运用智能战术，最大限度攻击对手弱点。简言之，这关乎'开启回合'的思维模式：耐心构建分数，而非畏手畏脚——你可以自信击球，但目标区域要足够安全。

That's a sucker play, and in the long run you're gonna win many fewer matches by focusing on those types of shots. So use intelligent patterns, try to exploit weaknesses as much as possible. Long story short, this is all about a start the point mindset. It's about building points. It's about being patient, and again, that doesn't mean hitting the ball weak, it doesn't mean being tentative.

若需要具体训练方法，可在YouTube搜索'Essential Tennis Return of Serve'。我推荐观看十年前发布的《三种接发技巧》，以及其升级版《主宰接发球》。这些视频将展示针对强力发球、中性发球和软弱发球的不同应对策略。

You can hit the ball confidently but to a big safe target and that's what your mentality should be on the return of serve as frequently as possible. If you want some really specific step by step drills and kinda actionable technical things, how you can develop that specifically, then you can go to YouTube and do a search for Essential Tennis Return of Serve And the main video I recommend you check out is called three return of serve techniques by essential tennis. That came out ten years ago. There's another one kind of a updated version of that. It's called dominate the return of serve.

搜索'essential tennis接发球'即可找到这两个视频，它们详细解析了如何提升接发技术，特别是应对不同类型发球：强力发球、中性发球和停滞型软发球。我将演示如何有效处理每种发球。这是第二要点。

You'll find both of them if you do just a simple search for essential tennis return of serve on YouTube if if you wanna see some some technical, you know, practical things to improve your return to serve. And specifically against different qualities of serve, a bigger serve, a kinda neutral serve, and a weaker serve that kinda sits there. I'll show you how to be successful against each of those types of delivery. Alright. So that's number two.

接发时瞄准大目标区域，并建立'构建分数'而非'一拍制胜'的思维模式。接下来是第三要点——我们在播客《13种压制对手的方法》中提过，现在要深入探讨这个极其重要的概念：改变击球深度。

Big targets on return of serve and those and also kind of a setup or like building the point minds mentality or mindset instead of just trying to win the point outright right out of the gates. Alright. Number three. This is big, and we talked about this in previous episode of the podcast, 13 ways to dominate your opponent. I'm gonna unpack this one a little bit more now because it's super super important idea or concept and that is change depths of shot.

这不仅关乎发球与回球。我们现在正切入重点——试图获取优势，让对手感到不适并打乱他们的节奏。单双打中大多数网球选手，笼统来说...

And this isn't just about the serve and return. This is kinda now now we're getting into the point. We're trying to gain some advantage. We're trying to cause our opponents to be uncomfortable and knock them off balance. And most opponents in singles and doubles, most tennis let's just keep it general.

多数网球选手主要练习横向移动，即左右移动。横向指平行于底线的移动。观察球员训练时，他们通常反复练习左右移动、正反手击球，比如雨刷式训练或沿底线三次正手三次反手交替。这些步法模式和回位训练都极度侧重左右移动。知道吗？

Most tennis players predominantly practice moving laterally, meaning right and left. By lateral, I mean parallel to the baseline. So you watch players practice, you watch players drill, you watch players take lessons, and generally they're practicing moving back and forth, right and left, forehand and backhand, windshield wiper drills, or like three forehands across the baseline, three backhands across the baseline, and back and forth, and back and forth. And generally the footwork patterns and the recovery that players are practicing is very right and left dominance. Guess what?

特别是单打选手面对防守型对手时——那些人人讨厌的超稳定球员——改变球的高度和深度能打破他们惯常的节奏和能量分配模式，让大多数球员陷入不适。若你被满场飞奔的对手逼疯，别再执着左右调动。别总试图正反手两侧抽制胜分。因为...这些防守型球员就爱左右奔跑，我以亲身经历告诉你。

Especially you singles players playing against defensive minded opponents which everybody loves to hate, those like super steady consistent players, changing height and depth pulls people out of that normal routine, that normal pattern, that normal shift of momentum and energy that they're used to and into something much less comfortable for the vast majority of players. So if you're just driven crazy by players that get to everything, stop trying to hit around them right and left. Stop aiming and trying to, like, slap winners to their forehand side and then to their backhand side. And because guess what? A lot of those defensive players love running back and forth, and they love like, I'm speaking from experience here.

我就爱追球。你遇到的那些成功防守型选手（双打也是），你越让他们左右跑动，他们反而越开心越适应。但有多少选手喜欢前冲救小球？单打选手尤其少，现在热衷上网的球员都快绝迹了。

I love chasing down balls, and most of the really successful defensive style players that you play against, doubles included, the more you make them run right and left, it's kind of the like, the more happy they are and the more comfortable they are. But how many players enjoy sprinting forwards to recover a drop shot? Especially singles players. There's not a lot of singles players out there that love approaching the net. It's kind of a kind of a dying breed.

对吧？主动寻找上网机会的人在双打中更常见，毕竟双打选手普遍更适应网前。但即便双打，有多少分是纯粹一前一后站位，发球/接发后双方就固守底线对抽？这本身没错...

Right? Somebody who is looking for opportunities to come to the net. In doubles, it's gonna be more common because you've just got more people who are generally comfortable around the net in doubles. But even in doubles, how many points are played exclusively one up, one back where the server and the returner hit their first shot and then they just they just camp out and just hit ground strokes? And there's nothing wrong with that.

靠一前一后站位能赢很多比赛。但如果你发现双打对手总喜欢固守，那持续打强力斜线球未必能扰乱他们。关键是要主动迫使对手改变站位深度：用强烈上旋打又高又深的球逼其后退——没人喜欢后退。没有球员享受退到底线后墙接弹跳极高的强烈旋转球。

You can win a lot of matches just staying in one up, one back, but if if you notice that your opponent in doubles, your opponents in doubles generally like to just hang out, then hitting more hard shots cross court is probably not gonna rattle them. It's probably not gonna concern them or take them out of their comfort zone. So key here is on your terms, if you can force them into changing depths by either hitting the ball high and deep with a lot of topspin to force them backwards, nobody likes moving backward. No. There's not a tennis player alive that enjoys having to go back to the back fence to retrieve a high bouncing super spinny shot that lands close to the baseline.

从后场围栏处很难打出有效回球。若再接个短球——不必是完美小球，只需刻意用下旋而非上旋打低平过网球——通过这种高低深浅的组合拳，你就掌握了绝招。知道吗？当你先用高深球逼退对手，再用短球调动上前，接下来最该打什么？当然是又一个又高又深的挑高球。

It's it's not fun for any it's it's difficult to hit an effective shot from way back by the back fence or the back curtain. And also, if you can follow that up with a effective short shot, it doesn't even have to be a great, you know, drop shot per se, but if you can purposefully hit a ball next, lower over the net with backspin instead of topspin, and you can effectively one two punch with those different heights and depths, now you've got something really special. And guess what? After you hit the high deep one, you push them back, and then after you hit the low short one and you pull them forwards, what's the next most obvious shot? Another really high, really deep aka lob.

对吧？多少球员专门练高压球？多少人真正喜欢高压？可悲的是，我发现即便双打选手也大多讨厌高压，这很荒谬。所以——逼他们打高压。

Right? How many tennis players practice their overhead? How many tennis players love their overhead? Sadly, over the years, I've I've discovered that even most doubles players don't especially like their overhead, which is crazy. And so make them hit overheads.

特别是当你练就精准的高深球，能稳定打过被迫上网对手的反手位深区时，这就迫使对方解决全新难题。人人都在练左右移动的正反手，却极少练习前后移动的衔接。

Right? Especially if you practice placing those high deep shots, you can reliably, let's say, get it over the backhand side of your opponent with good depth when they're up at the net after you force them to come into the net. Now we're we're forcing our opponent to solve a completely different problem. Everybody practices moving right and left, forehand and backhand. Hardly any tennis players practice moving back and then forward, and then from forward to moving back again.

归根结底，人类本就不擅长前后移动——前进可以，但前进后立刻后退对多数人极其别扭。普通球员极少能对前冲救球（比如在二跳前勉强够到球）后立即快速流畅地后撤接高深球做出运动反应，能轻松做到的同级别选手凤毛麟角。所以请善用这个战术模式。

And and, you know, I think ultimately the reason why is humans just aren't designed to comfortably move forward and back of course, from designed to move forward, but forward and then backward is very uncomfortable and very unnatural for most humans. And it's very unusual for everyday tennis players to have a very athletic response to having to run forwards and like barely scrape the ball out after it bounces the first time, like right before the second bounce, get it back. There's very few humans that can then dynamically and athletically move back quickly, smoothly, efficiently for a really high deep shot. There's just very few of your peers that can do that comfortably. So please use this pattern.

这意味着你需要练习挑高球，练习在底线深处打上旋球，还要练习你的手感及下旋球——再次强调，下旋球不一定要像带引号的‘放小球’那样刻意，而是任何能在到达底线前弹跳两次的球，迫使底线对手必须向前移动。要知道，球员通常喜欢击打舒适区的球。而你的多数对手除了不常练习前后移动转换外，也不擅长预判球路深浅变化。这就是为什么许多球员常把球打到舒适区上方或下方——这些失误往往是无意间发生的。

So that means practicing your lob, it means practicing a high, a topspin shot deep in the court, and it means practicing your touch and practicing your backspin shots that again doesn't necessarily have to be like, I'm doing like air quotes, a drop shot per se, But just any ball that's gonna bounce twice before getting to the baseline, that's gonna force your opponent on the baseline to have to come forwards. I like news flash, players like the ball in their strike zone. And most of your peers, in addition to not really practicing transitioning forward and back, forward and back, they also aren't fantastic at reading and anticipating when there's changes in-depth. And that's why a lot of players hit a lot of balls up outside their strike zone, and a lot of players hit a lot of balls down below their strike zone, and those are just the ones frequently and, like, on average that just kinda happen on accident. Like, you kinda miss it a little bit.

比如球比你预期的短，你知道我说的那种球。当对手没预判到球不会飞远，勉强够到时就会出现那种尴尬击球。如果能主动打出这种球呢？为此我在YouTube准备了两节放小球课程，搜索‘essential tennis drop shot’就能找到。

It's, like, shorter than you wanted, and you know the ball I'm talking about. And your opponent like doesn't read that it's not gonna travel and they just kind of like barely get to it. Like, that kind of awkward shot, what if you could just do that on purpose? So to develop that skill, I've got two drop shot lessons for you on YouTube. If you just do a YouTube search for essential tennis drop shot, there's two lessons.

其中一节是几个月前发布的，特邀了放小球高手Al Kraz，我逐帧解析了他的技巧；另一节是早期课程《Essential Tennis顶级放小球秘诀》。两节连看你能掌握手感要领、拍面角度、下旋技巧及控球力度，让球过网却不飞远。这些技术教学资源很丰富。

One, I just published a couple months ago that features Al Kraz because his drop shot's incredible. I go through frame by frame analysis of of how he does it. But then there's an old one too, top drop shot tip from Essential Tennis. Watch both of those and you'll learn about the principles of touch, the angle of the racket face, how to create the backspin, how to get the right touch so that the ball travels over the net but not too far, and you can learn how to develop those those technical skills. You you can find a lot of lessons too.

搜索‘essential tennis lob’还能找到《完美挑高球》课程。将挑高球与放小球结合使用，绝对让对手无所适从。当然，我不是说只改变球路深度——左右调动依然重要。但若你工具箱里只有这一种工具，而对手又专门练过这种移动模式，那你很难最大化地制造对手的 discomfort——而这恰恰是赢分赢比赛的关键。

If you do search for essential tennis lob, I think the lesson is called the perfect lob or something like that on YouTube, then you can learn how to hit the high deep one as well. And you pair those together and man, you can make your opponent super uncomfortable. And by the way, I'm not saying that you only change up depths. Like, I'm not saying throw out pulling them from side to side. It's just that if that's the only tool you have in your toolbox and that's the the movement pattern that your opponents primarily practice, well, you're just you're not giving yourself the best chance to make your opponents uncomfortable which ultimately is the main way that you're gonna win points and win matches.

第一步：设计简单的发球+1拍战术，这要求你能精准控制发球落点。第二步：接发球瞄准大区域保持高容错。第三步：变换球路深度。无论单双打或任何水平，做好这三点必能赢得更多比赛。

So step one, plan a simple serve plus one and that means you have to be able to aim your serve on purpose. Step two, hit big targets on the return of serve. Keep it high margin. And then step three, change depths. If you do all three of these things, singles player, doubles player, no matter what level you are, you're going to win more matches.

我敢保证。若想学习如何智能站位及落点选择来简化比赛，请访问tennissecret.com。在那里我将揭示秘诀：通过简单调整站位和落点，让你下场比赛跑动和失误直接减半，同时让对手陷入困境。立即登录tennissecret.com查看。感谢收听。

I guarantee it. And if you'd like some additional guidance on how to intelligently position yourself on the courts and aim to make the game as easy as possible, make sure to go to tennissecret.com. That's tennissecret.com where I'll show you the secret to running half as much and making half as many errors as you normally do in your very next match just by making some really simple adjustments to where you stand on the court and where you aim on the court to open up the game and make it easier for you and and harder for your opponents. Go go check that out at tennissecret.com. Thanks for listening today.

非常感谢您的聆听，我们下期再见。更多免费提升教程请访问essentialtennis.com，那里有数百个视频、音频及图文课程。同时别忘了在iTunes和YouTube订阅Essential Tennis——我们是为狂热网球爱好者提供教学的世界头号资源平台。再次感谢今日收听。

I really appreciate having you as a listener. I'll talk to you in the next one. For more free game improving instruction, be sure to check out essentialtennis.com where you'll find hundreds of video, audio, and written lessons. Also, be sure to subscribe to Essential Tennis on iTunes and YouTube where we are the number one resource in the world providing passionate instruction for passionate tennis players. Thank you so much for listening today.

祝网球愉快，再见。

Take care, and good luck with your tennis.tennis.