S1E4 - Echo and Narcissus

这期节目里有嫉妒的神明、暧昧的举动、反光的表面，还有大量的重复。

This week's episode contains jealous gods, flirtatious behavior, reflective surfaces, and a lot of repetition.

还有重复。

Also, repetition.

明白了吗？

Get it?

古希腊神话里讲的，都是历史上最精彩的故事。

Greeking out the greatest stories in history were told in Greek mythology.

古希腊风。

Greeking Out.

神明和英雄，惊人的壮举。

Gods and heroes, amazing feats.

听下去，你就会发现这真是古希腊风。

Listen, and you'll see it's Greeking Out.

这个故事讲的是回声女神和纳西索斯。

This is the story of Echo and Narcissus.

和很多著名的希腊神话不同，这个故事其实既不是英雄传说，也不是爱情故事。

And unlike a lot of famous Greek myths, it's important to understand that this is not a hero story, and it's not a love story.

严格来说也不是，但它确实是希腊神话中最广为人知的故事之一。

Well, not really anyway, but it is one of the most well known stories in all of Greek mythology.

在英语里我们说‘narcissus’，但正确的希腊语发音其实是‘narcissus’。

In English, we say narcissus, but the proper Greek pronunciation is actually narcissus.

没错。

Right.

这倒提了个好问题。

That brings up a good point.

在开始之前，咱们先聊聊词语吧。

Before we start, let's talk about words.

词是语言中一个独立且有意义的单位，用来构成句子。

A word is a single distinct meaningful element of speech or writing used to form a sentence.

词源学就是研究词语历史的学问。

Etymology is the study of the history of words.

没错。

Exactly.

我们英语里很多词原本都来自古希腊语或拉丁语。

A lot of the words we use in the English language originally came from ancient Greek or Latin.

比如‘echo’这个词。

For example, echo.

在现代，回声是指声音因为声波反射而听起来像是重复的现象。

In modern times, an echo is a sound that seems to be repeated because the sound waves are reflected back.

声波，比如你的声音，确实会像球撞到地面一样，从光滑坚硬的表面反弹回来。

Sound waves, like your voice, can actually bounce off smooth, hard objects in the same way a ball bounces off the ground.

很多时候，声波直接反弹回源头，让人感觉好像有人在重复你刚说的话。

Many times, it bounces right back at the sender, making it sound like someone is repeating what was said.

没错。

Exactly.

而这个故事也会告诉我们，‘echo’这个词是怎么来的。

And one of the things we'll learn from this story is how the word echo came to be.

那我们就从这儿开始吧。

So let's start there.

回声是一位森林仙女。

Echo was a wood nymph.

她善良又温柔，嗓音优美，特别喜欢唱歌。

She was kind and loving, and she had a beautiful voice, and she loved to sing.

她简直就是童话里那种在森林里唱歌、和动物朋友们一起笑闹的森林仙女。

So she was basically the classic cartoon princess version of a wood nymph, singing in the forest, laughing with her animal friends.

你懂我的意思吧。

You get the picture.

古希腊人相信，仙女是生活在自然中的神秘女性生物，无论森林、山峦、河流还是草地，都有她们的踪影。

Now the Greeks believed that nymphs were mystical female beings who lived in and around nature, forests, mountains, rivers, meadows, wherever.

既然回声是森林仙女，她就和姐妹们住在森林里，喜欢和动物聊天，在树间嬉戏。

Since Echo was a wood nymph, she lived in the forest with her sisters, and she enjoyed talking with the animals and playing among the trees.

虽然很多男人都喜欢她，但她对恋爱根本没兴趣。

And even though many guys liked her, she wasn't really interested in romance.

她就是特别喜欢这片森林。

She just loved the forest.

说真的，她简直就像电影里走出来的角色。

Seriously, she was like a character straight out of a movie.

她善良的心地和对森林的热爱，让她成了狩猎与动植物女神阿尔忒弥斯的宠儿。

Her kind heart and love of the woods made her a favorite of Artemis, the goddess of the hunt and plants and animals.

但她也引起了宙斯的注意，而这就是她惹上麻烦的原因。

But she was also a favorite of Zeus, king of Olympus, and that's what got her into trouble.

尽管宙斯已经娶了赫拉，但他对别的女人总是虎视眈眈。

Even though he was married to Hera, Zeus had eyes for other women.

很多别的女人。

Lots of other women.

他这个人，怎么说呢？

He was a bit of a how do I put this?

是个情场老手。

Ladiesman?

花花公子，也叫放荡不羁的人、情圣、风流成性者、撩妹高手、爱调情的人、浪荡子

Ladiesman, also known as a libertine, Casanova, philanderer, player, flirt, rake,

咱们就选‘爱调情的人’吧。

sit Let let let's go with flirt.

对。

Yeah.

爱调情的人。

Flirt.

他喜欢偷偷溜下奥林匹斯山，到人间跟漂亮的姑娘们聊天，尤其是林中仙女。

He liked to sneak out of Olympus and come down to Earth to chat with pretty girls, especially the wood nymphs.

她们总是对他微笑，全神贯注地听他吹嘘自己如何征服女人，还故意扔出雷电来博取关注。

They would smile at him and hang on his every word as he bragged about his lady's victory, hurling thunderbolts out to impress the crowd.

毕竟他是众神之王，风度翩翩，还留着一把帅气的胡子，这都加分。

He was the king of the gods after all, and he was charming, and he had a nice beard, and that helped.

但你也能想到，宙斯的妻子赫拉可受不了这些。

But as you can imagine, Zeus' wife, Hera, wasn't about all of that.

她一发现宙斯不见了，就立刻从奥林匹斯山飞下来，到处搜寻他的踪迹。

As soon as she found out Zeus was missing, she would fly down from Olympus and begin scouring the woods for her husband.

宙斯通常在赫拉找到他之前就溜走了，但有一天，赫拉动作太快了。

Zeus usually made a quick escape before Hera found him, but on one particular day, Hera was too quick.

她差点就抓到他了。

She nearly caught him.

埃科眼见情况紧急，赶紧上前帮忙。

Thinking quickly, Echo stepped in to help.

她自己从不主动勾引宙斯，但也不想看到姐妹们遭殃，于是故意引开赫拉的注意。

She never really flirted with Zeus herself, but she didn't want anything bad to happen to her sisters, so she distracted Hera.

虽然赫拉是婚姻与女性的女神，但她最出名的却是对惹她生气的人施以残酷的惩罚。

Because although Hera was the goddess of women and marriage, she was mostly known for the horrible punishment she used on people who displeased her.

您好，我的女王。

Hello, my queen.

您今天真是美极了。

My, you look beautiful today.

这发型真好看。

Love the hair.

这是新王冠吗？

Is that a new crown?

Echo一向很讨人喜欢，你也知道，这招果然奏效了，宙斯趁机溜走了。

Echo was very charming and sweet, as you know, so it worked, and Zeus made his getaway.

但不幸的是，事情还没完。

But, unfortunately, that wasn't the end of it.

宙斯总是喜欢试探底线。

Zeus was always willing to push his luck.

他觉得一次成功，再来一次肯定也行。

He figured if it worked once, it'd work again.

于是他让Echo留意赫拉的动向，每次他去树林时都要设法引开她。

So he instructed Echo to keep an eye out for Hera and to distract her every time he visited the woods.

Echo并不乐意，但她也不敢违抗神明，只好不情愿地照做了。

Echo didn't like this, but she also didn't wanna disobey a god, so she reluctantly did as she was asked.

有时候她只是夸他一句。

Sometimes it was a compliment.

这件礼服真漂亮。

Nice gown.

有时候她讲个精彩的故事。

Sometimes it was a good story.

我听说赫尔墨斯偷了一整群牛。

I heard Hermes stole an entire herd of cattle.

有时候她会问个问题。

Sometimes it was a question.

你觉得我做的这个花环怎么样？

Do you like this flower crown I made?

说实话。

Be honest.

但每次赫拉走进树林找宙斯时，厄科总能找到办法拖住她，好让宙斯趁机溜走。

But every time Hera appeared in the woods looking for Zeus, Echo found a way to keep her busy long enough for Zeus to slip away.

你每次说话时都会用到72块不同的肌肉。

You use 72 different muscles every time you talk.

光是舌头里就有八块肌肉。

Your tongue alone contains eight muscles.

后来赫拉终于察觉了，于是对回声女神施加了一个可怕的诅咒。

Eventually, Hera caught on, and she punished Echo with a terrible curse.

从那以后，回声女神那动听的声音几乎完全消失了。

From that point forward, Echo's beautiful voice would be almost entirely silenced.

她依然能说话，但只能重复别人最后说的那几句话。

She would still be able to talk, but only to repeat the last few words anyone said to her.

这听起来挺可怜的，但回声其实很有用。

That is sad, but echoes can be helpful.

比如回声定位，也叫生物声呐，蝙蝠和海豚等许多动物都会用。

For example, echolocation, also called biosonar, is used by several species like bats and dolphins.

这些动物会发出声音，然后听从周围物体反射回来的回声。

These creatures emit calls out to the environment and listen to the echoes that return from various objects near them.

它们依靠这些回声来定位和识别物体。

They use these echoes to locate and identify objects.

科学家还利用声波来控制蠕虫的大脑。

Scientists have also used sound waves to control a worm's brain.

谢谢，先知。

Thanks, Oracle.

这真有意思。

That is neat.

‘Neat’ 是个形容词，意思是整齐有序的。

Neat is an adjective, meaning arranged in an orderly or tidy way.

你知道吗？

You know what?

你说得对，但我们跑题了。

You're right, but we're getting off topic here.

故事还远没讲完，Echo 的事也没说完。

We still have a lot more story to tell, and we're not done with Echo yet.

还没讲完Echo的故事呢。

Echo yet.

对吧。

Uh-huh.

你明白我刚才的意思吗？

See what I did there?

说得好。

Good one.

现在我们来认识一下纳西索斯。

Now let's meet Narcissus.

他是这个故事的另一半，而且，说实话，长得帅得离谱。

He's the other half of this story, and, well, he's just ridiculously good looking.

我指的是，像克里斯·海姆斯沃斯状态最好的时候那样帅。

I I'm talking Chris Hemsworth on a good day handsome.

纳西索斯是宁芙仙女利里俄珀和河神刻菲索斯的儿子。

Narcissus was the son of a nymph named Lyriopy and the river god, Kephissus.

所以他从出生起就占了这个优势，连当婴儿的时候都美得惊人。

So he had that going for him right off the bat, and he was so attractive even as a baby.

事实上，他长得实在太出众了，父母反而担心这会对他的未来造成影响。

In fact, he was so extraordinarily beautiful that his parents were actually worried about how this might affect their son.

于是利里俄佩和刻甫索斯专门去拜访了著名的先知提瑞西阿斯，想请教关于儿子未来的安排。

So Lyriope and Cephasus paid a visit to the famous seer Tiresias and asked about what to do regarding their son's future.

在希腊神话里，提瑞西阿斯是底比斯城阿波罗的盲眼先知，以预知未来著称。

In Greek mythology, Tiresias was a blind prophet of Apollo in Thebes, famous for soothsaying or being able to see the future.

他出现在好几个广为人知的传说中，一生中曾多次在男女身份间转换。

He is a character in several well known legends and was both a man and a woman at different times in his life.

提瑞西阿斯告诉他们，这孩子只有在‘不认识自己’的情况下才能长寿。

Tyreseus told them that the boy would grow old only if, quote, he didn't get to know himself.

父母一时没明白这话到底是什么意思。

His parents weren't exactly sure what that meant.

那时候的神谕大多都含糊其辞，不过——

A lot of the oracles back then were famously vague, but

‘模糊’是个形容词，意思是不确定、不明确或含糊不清。

Vague is an adjective meaning of uncertain, indefinite, or unclear character or meaning.

谢谢您，先知，帮我们解释了什么叫模糊。

Thank you, Oracle, for clarifying vague for us.

你明白我刚才的意思吗？

See what I did there?

是的。

Yeah.

再来一个，真不错。

Another good one.

你今天状态真好。

You're on a roll today.

总之，纳西索斯长大后成了个极其英俊的青年，但他始终觉得没人比自己更有魅力。

Anyway, Narcissus grew into an extremely handsome young man, but he never found anyone he thought was as attractive as he was.

所以他常常独来独往，也留下了一地心碎的追求者。

So he spent a lot of time alone, and he left a lot of broken hearts in his wake.

想起泰瑞西阿斯的提醒，莉莉奥佩和刻菲索斯把儿子送到森林里当猎人。

Remembering what Tyreseus had told them, Lyriope and Cephissus sent their son to live in the forest as a hunter.

他们觉得，只要他少接触人，也少看到反光的东西，就不会意识到自己有多英俊，也能避开麻烦。

They figured if he didn't encounter as many people or shiny surfaces, he would never really know how beautiful he was, and he could stay out of harm's way.

但他们完全想错了。

But they were very wrong.

有一天，他在森林里打猎时，被一位非常害羞安静的林中仙女看见了。

One day, while he was out hunting in the woods, Narcissus was seen by a very shy and quiet wood nymph.

你猜她是谁？

Who do you think it was?

这个故事里提到的林中仙女，其实就是回声女神厄科，前面已经提过她了。

The wood nymph referenced at this point in the story is in fact Echo, who was mentioned previously.

是的。

Yeah.

明白了。

Okay.

那其实是个设问，没真指望你回答。

That was actually a rhetorical question.

我本来没想听你说什么，不过你说对了。

I didn't really want an answer, but you're right.

就是回声女神。

It was Echo.

让她没想到的是，她只看了一眼纳西索斯，就深深爱上了他。

And much to her surprise, she took one look at Narcissus and immediately fell deeply in love.

可惜的是，回声女神没法告诉纳西索斯她爱他。

Unfortunately, Echo couldn't tell Narcissus she loved him.

她连打招呼、自我介绍，或者聊点闲天都做不到。

She couldn't say hello and introduce herself or make small talk.

因为她中了诅咒，只能重复别人说过的话。

Because of the curse, she could only repeat what others said to her.

于是她悄悄跟着纳西索斯，等着机会向他表明心意。

So she followed Narcissus and waited for a chance to reveal herself to him.

不过在那之前，先来听一段赞助商的广告。

But first, a word from our sponsor.

时间拿捏得真准。

Perfect timing as always.

好的。

Okay.

行了。

Alright.

嗨。

Hey.

嗨，各位《希腊故事》的听众朋友们。

Hey, Greeking Out listeners.

我们知道你们都在等着《希腊故事》的新一季，非常感谢你们这些年来一直陪伴我们，耐心等待。

We know you're waiting for a new season of Greeking Out, and we are so grateful to you for staying with us all these years and being patient.

更多内容马上就来。

And we've got more coming for you.

我知道。

I know.

很遗憾，今年四月不会像往常一样上线。

Unfortunately, it won't be released in April like we normally do.

确实有延迟，但我向你们保证，我们正在加紧制作新的剧集。

There is a delay, but I promise we're working on more episodes as we speak.

给正在听的家长们推荐一个值得看看的东西。

Now to the parents listening, here's something you might wanna check out.

我们的好朋友Pinna，P-I-N-N-A，是一个专为孩子打造的音频应用，里面有很多精彩节目，其中我们特别喜欢的一档叫《Grim, Grimmer, Grimmest》。

Our friends at Pinna, p I n n a, that's a kid's audio app that is home to some incredible shows, including one of our favorites, Grim, Grimmer, Grimmest.

他们为Greeking Out的听众提供独家30%折扣，适用于所有订阅方案，包括月度和年度计划。

They are offering Greeking Out listeners an exclusive 30% discount off any subscription, including both monthly and annual plans.

Pinna上有大量内容，我相信你们一定会喜欢，比如关于古代文明的互动有声书。

Pinna has a whole bunch of stuff I know you're gonna love, like interactive audiobooks about ancient civilizations.

他们还有孩子自己制作的播客。

They got podcasts made by kids.

去 pinna.fm，输入优惠码 Greeking Out 30。

So go to pinna.fm and use code Greeking Out 30.

就是 Greeking Out 三零。

That's Greeking Out three zero.

敬请关注后续更新。

And stay tuned for more updates.

欢迎来到奥林匹斯宠物中心，在这里，播客《Greeking Out》激励着仓鼠宙斯和他的小伙伴们展开神话般的冒险。

Welcome to Mount Olympus Pet Center, where the podcast Greeking Out inspires Zeus the hamster and his wild crew of critters to go on quests of mythical proportions.

跟随河豚波塞冬、蚱蜢得墨忒耳、猫咪雅典娜和斗牛犬阿瑞斯，为众神之名开启史诗般的旅程。

Join Poseidon the pufferfish, Demeter the grasshopper, Athena the cat, and Ares the pug as they pursue epic adventures in the name of the gods.

《强大的宙斯：金跳蚤的追寻》是新推出的国家地理儿童小说系列的第一本，面向中年级读者，各大书店均有销售。

Zeus the mighty, the quest for the golden fleas, is the first book in a new Nat Geo kids fiction series for middle grade readers, available wherever books are sold.

更多详情请访问 zeusthemighty.com。

Discover more at zeusthemighty.com.

过了一会儿，纳西索斯意识到有人在盯着他。

After a short while, Narcissus realized that someone was watching him.

多年在林子里打猎，让他对这些细节特别敏感，他能感觉到有人在盯着他。

Years of hunting in the woods had made him sensitive to these things, and he could feel the eyes upon him.

谁在那儿？

Who's there?

他环顾四周，问道。

He said, looking around.

回声特别想打个招呼，可她张口只能重复出：

Echo so desperately wanted to say hello, but instead all she could say was

谁在那儿？

Who's there?

又来了。

Back again.

你到底在哪？

Where are you?

纳西索斯厉声问道。

Demanded Narcissus.

你是吗？

Are you?

回声轻声回应。

Echo said back softly.

到我这儿来，纳西索斯坚持道，但他只听见一个微弱的声音重复着他的话。

Come to me, Narcissus insisted, but all he heard was a small voice repeating his words.

于是纳西索斯开始寻找声音的来源，但回声作为森林仙女，轻易就能藏身树丛中，几乎完全看不见。

So Narcissus began to search for the source of the voice, but Echo, being a wood nymph, was able to hide among the trees so easily that she was practically invisible.

经过长时间的寻找，纳西索斯来到一条溪流，溪水汇入一片清澈的水池。

After a long search, Narcissus came upon a stream that opened into a pool of clear water.

他凝视水面时，看见了这辈子见过最美丽的人正凝视着他，立刻爱上了对方。

When he looked into the water, Narcissus saw the most beautiful person he had ever seen staring back at him, and he instantly fell in love.

当然，他看到的只是自己在水中的倒影，但他从未见过自己的模样，所以根本不知道真相。

Of course, he was only seeing his own reflection in the water, but since he'd never seen it before, he didn't know that.

倒影就是物体在镜子或任何反光表面上呈现的影像。

A reflection is the image of something in a mirror or on any reflective surface.

它也可以指光、热、声音或能量从表面反弹回来的现象。

It can also refer to the return of light, heat, sound, or energy from a surface.

你在镜子里看到的是你的倒影，但其他那些反弹回来的东西——比如光波、声波，甚至你的想法——也都算作倒影。

Your reflection is what you see in the mirror, but other things that bounce back to you are also reflections, light waves, sound waves, even your own thoughts.

Narcissus 望着水中的倒影，恳求道：‘过来找我吧。’

Come to me, Narcissus begged looking into the water.

‘过来找我吧。’ Echo 热切地回应。

Come to me, Echo replied eagerly.

‘我们现在就见面吧。’ Narcissus 说，以为他听到的声音来自水中那张脸。

Let us meet now, Narcissus said, thinking that the voice he was hearing belonged to the face he saw in the water.

现在就见面。

Meet now.

Echo 同意了，她从灌木丛后走出来，让 Narcissus 看到了她。

Echo agreed, and she stepped out from behind a thicket of bushes, revealing herself to Narcissus.

Narcissus 瞥了 Echo 一眼，皱起了眉头。

Narcissus took one look at Echo and frowned.

这个林地仙女怎么会在这儿？他心想。

What is this wood nymph doing here, he thought.

走开，他对她说。

Go away, he told her.

这显然不是回声所期待的反应。

This was obviously not the reaction that Echo was hoping for.

他没认出她就是之前在林子里听到的那个声音，只对水中的倒影感兴趣。

He did not recognize her as the voice from the woods, and he seemed only interested in the face he saw in the water.

走开。

Go away.

她悲伤地重复着，退回到森林深处。

She echoed sadly and sank back into the forest.

纳西索斯的情况也没好到哪儿去。

Things did not go well for Narcissus either.

他一次次回到那片水池，凝视着自己的倒影。

He came back to that same pool of water again and again to stare at his reflection.

回声也忍不住一次次回来。

Echo couldn't keep from coming back either.

她藏起身形，悄悄重复着纳西索斯对水中倒影说的每一句话，仿佛那些话是对她说的。

She hid herself from sight and quietly repeated the things that Narcissus said to his reflection as if he were saying them to her.

还有什么爱比这更残忍呢？

What love could be crueler than this?

他哭了。

He cried.

当我的唇吻向心爱的人时，触到的却只有水。

When my lips kiss my beloved, they touch only water.

当我伸手去抱心爱的人时，握到的也只是一捧水。

When I reach for my beloved, I hold only water.

只有水，

Only water,

回声轻声应道。

Echo replied.

日复一日，纳西索斯躺在溪边，凝望着自己的倒影，却无法触碰，只能痛苦不已。

Day after day, Narcissus laid by the stream admiring his own reflection, devastated that he couldn't touch or hold it.

他不再吃饭。

He stopped eating.

他也不再喝水。

He stopped drinking.

他因悲伤日渐消瘦，直到某天早晨，他感觉到自己即将死去。

He began to waste away from grief until one morning, he felt himself dying.

再见了，我的爱人，他对着倒影轻声说。

Goodbye, my love, he said to his reflection.

再见了，我的爱人。

Goodbye, my love.

回声呼唤着纳西索斯，而他就在那一刻咽下了最后一口气。

Echo cried to Narcissus, and he took his last breath.

他死后，其他林中仙女四处寻找他的遗体，却怎么也找不到。

After he died, the other wood nymph searched for his body, but there was none to be found.

就在那里，仙女看到众神已将他化作一朵美丽的花，白色花瓣，中央是黄色的。

In its place, the nymph saw that the gods had transformed him into a magnificent flower with white petals and a yellow center.

直到今天，我们仍然称这种花为水仙。

And to this day, we still call that flower narcissus.

至于回声，她在那件事发生后极度悲伤，便躲进山中的洞穴，度过了余生。

As for Echo, she was so forlorn and sad after what had happened that she hid herself in a cave in the mountains for the remainder of her days.

她渐渐消散，最后只剩下声音还在。

She began to fade away until all that was left of her was her voice.

直到现在，回声那遥远的声音仍能在山洞里回荡，重复着每个人最后说的话。

And even now, Echo's distant voice can still be heard in the mountain caves repeating the last words that anyone says.

这真让人难过。

That was a bummer.

是啊。

Yeah.

我知道。

I know.

但咱们来点实在的。

But some real talk here.

不是所有故事都有好结局，但这并不意味着它们不重要。

Not all stories will have happy endings, but that doesn't mean that they're not important.

继续聊希腊神话。

Greeking out.

感谢收听本期的《Greeking Out》。

Thanks for listening to this week's episode of Greeking Out.

敬请期待下一期，讲一位话很多的织布女子。

Stay tuned for next week's episode about a weaver with a lot to say.

《National Geographic Kids Greeking Out》由肯尼·柯蒂斯创作并主持，托里·克尔担任网络神谕，音频制作和音效设计由斯科蒂·比姆负责。

National Geographic Kids Greeking Out is written and hosted by Kenny Curtis with Tori Kerr as the Oracle of Wi Fi, audio production, and sound design by Scottie Beam.

珍妮弗·埃梅特是国家地理儿童内容的高级副总裁，凯特·黑尔负责编辑《宙斯大帝》。

Jennifer Emmett is EVP of kids content at National Geographic, and Kate Hale edits Zeus the Mighty.

黛安·克莱因是我们的事实核查员，佩里·格里普为我们创作了主题音乐。

Diane Klein is our fact checker, and Perry Grip composed our themes.

艾米莉·埃弗哈特是我们制作团队的负责人。

Emily Everhart is our production manager.