粉丝最爱：为什么屁会从屁股里排出来？

大家好。

Hey, everyone.

我是奈吉，现在在想象馆里，回顾我们一些最经典的节目。

Nige here, and I'm in the Imaginarium looking back at some of our all time favorite episodes.

好节目实在太多了。

There are so many good ones.

我真选不出来。

I just can't choose.

你能选吗？

Can you?

我最喜欢的问题是：屁是怎么从屁股里出来的。

My favorite question was how farts come out of your bum.

怎么

How

我怎么可能忘了那个问题？

can I forget that one?

缩小后进入一个散发着臭气的微型胶囊，穿越人体，这经历简直让人难忘。

Getting shrunk inside a miniature fart smelling capsule and going through a human body is pretty unforgettable.

在开始之前，我想听听你们的想法。

Before we get going, I wanna hear from you.

告诉我们你最喜欢的《想象一下》节目是哪一集，或者发个你一直好奇的问题给我们。

Tell us your favorite episode of Imagine This, or send us a question you've been wondering about.

你可以发邮件到 imaginethis@abc.net.au 和我们联系。

You can email us at imaginethis@abc.net.au.

我们来放个屁吧。

Let's toot.

你好。

Hello.

我叫米奇。

My name is Mitch.

今天在《想象一下》节目中，我们要聊的是每个人都经历过的事。

And today on Imagine This, we're talking about something that all of us do.

它们可能很大声，也可能很轻柔，有时候还很臭，哦。

They can be loud or soft, sometimes smelly Oh.

而且几乎总是特别好笑。

And almost always funny.

没错。

Yep.

我们今天聊的是放屁。

We're talking about farts.

我觉得是从舌头里、空气里出来的。

They come out of your tongue, the air, I think.

有些屁声音很小，但威力惊人。

Some farts are quiet but deadly.

是气体加上一些让味道变臭的东西组成的。

They're made with gas and something to make it stinky.

好多人都在问关于放屁的事。

Heaps of you have been asking about farts.

你好。

Hi.

我叫阿米莉亚。

My name is Amelia.

我六岁了，我想知道我们为什么会放屁。

I'm six, and I wanna know why we fart.

我叫拉维，我想知道屁是怎么产生的。

My name is Ravi, and I want to know how farts are made.

我叫菲比。

My name's Phoebe.

微打喷嚏，为什么屁会从屁股里出来？

Microsneez, why do farts come out of your bum?

你好。

Hi.

我叫塞巴斯蒂安，我想知道屁是用什么组成的？

My name is Sebastian, and I want to know what are farts made of?

你觉得我们应该找谁聊聊放屁的事？

Who do you think we should talk to about farts?

我不知道。

I don't know.

有专门研究放屁的专家吗？

Is there a fart expert?

不太确定。

Not sure.

粪便学教授？

A professor of poo tunes?

放屁课老师？

A teacher of toots?

气体大师？

A guru of gas?

放屁学家？

A fartologist?

也许吧。

Maybe.

或者护士？

Or a nurse?

有可能。

Could be.

我认识一个人可以聊聊。

I know someone who can talk to.

卡万塔尔-扎德教授。

Doctor Kourosh Kalantar-Zadeh.

他是工程学教授。

He's a professor of engineering.

工程学？

Engineering?

那不是跟汽车和机器有关吗？

That's like cars and machines.

但卡兰塔尔-扎德教授发明了一种特殊的气体检测胶囊。

But doctor Kourosh has engineered a special invention, a gas sensing capsule.

那是什么东西？

What's that?

我不太清楚。

I don't know.

咱们去问他吧。

Let's go ask him.

你好，尼克。

Hello, Nick.

嗨，孩子们。

Hi, kids.

你好。

Hello.

今天好。

Good day.

你好，Kourosh医生。

Hi, doctor Kourosh.

在火山口，有些水池会持续冒泡好几个月。

At a volcano, there's pools for months.

它一直在冒泡。

It's bubbling.

这味道真难闻。

It stinks.

这地方闻起来像

This place smells like

臭鸡蛋的味道。

Rotten egg.

这得归功于硫磺。

You can thank sulfur for that.

硫磺真是臭得不行。

Sulfur stinks.

这味道可真够冲的。

It's a pretty strong smell.

闻起来像放屁。

It smells like farts.

是啊。

Yeah.

我们今天来就是想问你这个。

And that's what we came to ask you about.

你能告诉我们屁是怎么产生的吗？

Can you tell us how are farts made?

为什么会有臭味？

Why do they stink?

为什么偏偏从屁股里出来？

And why do they come out your bum?

你发明了个造屁的机器？

You invent a fart machine?

没有。

No.

在我的实验室里，我们造了一个小装置。

In my laboratory, we made a small machine.

它能帮医生查看我们体内的气体情况。

It helps doctors look at the gas in our bodies.

这东西本质上就像一颗能吞下去的电子鼻子。

It's basically like an electronic nose that people can swallow like a pill.

哇哦。

Woah.

太神奇了。

That's incredible.

如果你想更深入了解放屁的原理，我们可以发挥想象力，跟着我的小装置一起走一趟体内的旅程。

If you want to learn more about farts, we can use our imaginations to go on the same journey my little machine goes on through the body.

是的。

Yeah.

咱们开始吧。

Let's do it.

太棒了。

Cool.

好了，各位。

Alright, everyone.

想象得小一点。

Think small.

特别小。

Really small.

对。

Yeah.

所有东西都能装进这个胶囊里。

So it all fit inside the capsule.

现在我们就在胶囊里面了。

Now we are inside a capsule.

那是什么？

What's that?

这是一个微型计算机，还有这些是小型气体传感器。

This is a small microcomputer, and these are small gas sensors.

一个用来闻气体的电子鼻子。

An electric nose for smelling gas.

胶囊首先会进入口腔。

The first place the capsule goes is in the mouth.

然后往下进入食道。

And down the throat.

开始了。

Here we go.

我们以前来过这儿。

We've been here before.

这里是胃。

This is the stomach.

胃部。

The tummy.

食物到这里后，会和胃酸、水分混合在一起。

This is where food arrives and gets mixed up with acid and water.

然后身体就用它来获取能量？

And you use it for energy?

对。

Yes.

这样我们的身体更容易消化食物，充分吸收其中的维生素和营养。

It's easier for our bodies to digest and get all the vitamins and nutrients from our food.

所以这就相当于

So it's

把我们吃的东西全都变成一杯奶昔。

like turning everything we eat into a smoothie.

那边发生什么事了？

What's going on over there?

在冒泡。

It's bubbling.

哎呀，不好了。

Oh, no.

那是放屁吗？

Is that a fart?

那不是放屁。

That's not a fart.

这是

It's

是打嗝。

It's a burp.

哦，真恶心。

Oh, gross.

你好。

Hi.

打嗝和放屁有什么区别？

What's the difference between a burp and a fart?

打嗝呢，原因有好几种。

Well, a burp can be caused by a few things.

比如吃饭的时候吞进太多空气。

One is that you might swallow too much air while you're eating.

有一部分会跑到胃里去。

Some of it can end up in your stomach.

这其实没什么大不了的。

It's not a bad thing.

要是积得太多，身体就会把它排出去。

If there is too much there, your body sends it out again.

这样你反而舒服了。

So you're better.

那另一个原因是什么？

What's the other reason?

胃里的酸性很强。

Well, the acid in your stomach is very strong.

它能帮助分解食物，杀死有害细菌。

It helps break down food and kill any bad bacteria.

但当你把胃酸和某些食物饮料，比如碳酸饮料混合时，会产生气体，从嘴里打出来，就是打嗝。

But when you mix stomach acid with certain foods and drinks, like fizzy drinks, you can create loss of gas, which comes up out of your mouth as a burp.

它

It

感觉就像空气从嘴里冒出来。

kind of feels like air comes out of your mouth.

喉咙里像是有个小鼓包，声音还挺怪的。

They feel like a bump in your throat, and they sound funny.

所以

So

放屁不是在胃里产生的吗？

farts aren't made here in the stomach?

不是。

No.

是在更下面产生的。

They're made further down.

那现在它去哪儿了？

Where does it go now?

胃之后就是小肠。

After the stomach, it's the small intestine.

就是这里。

Here we go.

是小肠。

It's the small intestine.

它是一根很细的管子，巧妙地盘在我们身体里。

It's a thin tube that's tucked into our bodies very neatly.

真的很长。

It's really long.

是的。

Yes.

七米长。

Seven meters long.

跟长颈鹿一样高。

That's as tall as a giraffe.

哇哦。

Woah.

真够长的。

That's huge.

小肠是食物中大部分营养被吸收并输送到全身的地方。

The small intestine is where most of the nutrients in food gets absorbed and sent all around the body.

有用的成分不是那些糟糕的部分。

All the good bits are not the yucky bits.

身体所需的能量会分布到各个部位。

And the bits you use for energy go into everywhere of your body.

而那些不用来提供能量的部分，就会进入你的...

And the bits that you don't use for energy, they go into it goes to your

是的。

Yes.

大部分消化过程都是在这里完成的。

Most digestion takes place here.

但像全麦面包、意大利面或者豆类这类含纤维的食物，消化起来要慢得多。

But foods like whole grain bread, pasta, or beans that have fiber take longer to break down.

为什么呢？

How come?

纤维很难被分解，

Fiber is really tough to digest,

所以还需要多一步处理。

so it needs another step.

哦，我们以前从来没深入到小肠之后过。

Oh, we've never gotten further than the small intestine before.

接下来是什么？

What's next?

排便。

The bowel movement.

还没到那一步。

Not yet.

接下来是大肠。

Next is the large intestine.

就只是大肠了。

Only large intestine.

走吧。

Let's go.

它也叫结肠或肠道。

It's also called the colon or bowel.

它比下巴还长吗？

Is it longer than a jaw?

不是。

No.

大肠比小肠短，不过也挺大的，大概有一米半长。

The large intestine is shorter than the small intestine, but it's still pretty big, about one and a half meters long.

小肠没消化完的食物残渣会到这里，让数以百万甚至万亿计的细菌来分解。

Any food that hasn't been broken down by the small intestine arrives here to be feasted on by millions or trillions of bugs.

哇。

Wow.

他们肯定饿坏了。

They sure are hungry.

你看他们吃得多香。

Look at them go.

他们到底

What are

是什么？

they?

这些小生物是细菌、真菌、酵母和古菌。

These little bugs are bacteria, fungi, yeast, archaea.

我们称它们为微生物群。

We call them microbiota.

微生物群。

Microbiota.

它们太小了，只有用显微镜才能看到。

They are so small, we can only see them with a microscope.

细菌不是有害的吗？

Isn't bacteria bad?

它们会让人生病的。

They can make you sick.

有些细菌确实会致病，但这些小生物大多数对我们很有益。

Some bacteria can make you sick, but most of these little bugs are very good for us.

我们的肠道里生活着数万亿个这样的微生物。

There are trillions of them living in our gut.

上万亿个。

Trillions.

我们身体里的微生物数量，其实比我们自身的细胞还要多。

There is actually more microbiota in our bodies than our own cells.

真的吗。

Wow.

这么多啊。

There are so many.

它们在做什么？

What are they doing?

它们在帮助消化食物。

They are digesting food.

所以我们的食物变成了它们的食物？

So our food becomes their food?

对。

Yes.

而且得好好喂养它们。

And it's important to feed them.

它们心情好的时候，会为我们身体产生很多有益的东西。

When they are happy, they make lots of good things for our body.

比如放屁？

Like farts?

对啊。

Oh, yes.

当这些微生物开始大快朵颐时，我们大肠里的食物就开始发酵和分解。

As the microbiota start feasting, the food in our large intestine starts to ferment and break down.

这就是气体产生的原因。

This is what creates gas.

天哪。

Woah.

传感器都快炸了。

The sensor is going crazy.

有甲烷、氢气和二氧化碳。

There's methane, hydrogen, carbon dioxide.

天哪。

Oh, no.

大家捂住鼻子。

Hold your noses, everyone.

要开始臭了吗？

Is this about to get stinky?

其实，这些气体我们根本闻不到。

Actually, we cannot smell any of those gases.

什么？

What?

我们放的屁里，大部分分子其实没味道。

Most of the molecules in our farts don't smell.

是的。

Yeah.

我的通常都有味儿。

Mine usually do.

对。

Yeah.

我得如实说说这些事。

I should be honest about them.

没错。

Yes.

当然。

Of course.

它们确实很臭，但只是那一点点臭味。

They can be very smelly, but the stinky tiny part of it.

超过百分之九十九的屁气都是没味道的。

Over ninety nine percent of farts is gas that doesn't have any smell.

真的吗？

Really?

那到底是什么让它们这么臭呢？

So what makes them so smelly?

硫磺。

Sulfur.

还记得火山附近那种臭鸡蛋的味道吗？

Remember that rotten egg smell smell around the volcano?

含硫的分子正是很多东西发臭的原因。

Molecules with sulfur are what makes lots of things stinky.

这是粪气里量最少、但气味最冲的部分。

It's the smallest and yet stinkiest part of the fart.

即使气体里只有极少量的硫，也能让味道变得特别难闻。

Even a tiny amount of sulfur in gas can make something really smelly.

你闻闻。

Bee you.

这味道啊，真够呛的。

It smells oh, that smells really bad.

闻起来像放屁。

It smells like farts.

你看。

Look

这么多气体。

at all this gas.

一个人能产生多少啊？

How much can one body make?

这要看个人和吃的东西。

Well, it depends on the person and what you eat.

一个健康的人每天能放多达两升的屁。

But a healthy person can fart up to two liters a day.

两升？

Two liters?

那相当于一个生日气球全装满了屁。

That's like a whole birthday balloon full of farts.

这么多屁啊。

That's a lot of farts.

电脑还在响。

The computer is still beeping.

这些气都会变成屁放出来吗？

Is all this gas gonna come out as a fart?

不会。

No.

实际上，这些气体有一半以上会被吸收到血液里。

Actually, more than half of these gases will be absorbed into the bloodstream.

你的血液里有屁。

There's fart in your blood.

血液会把气体带到肺部，然后通过呼吸呼出来。

Well, the blood carries that gas to the lungs and you breathe it out.

我们是从里面呼吸出屁的。

We breathe fart from it.

什么？

What?

我不太愿意叫它放屁，但确实有一半左右的气体是通过这种方式排出体外的。

I wouldn't call it a fart, but that is how about half of these gases leave our body.

哦，真恶心。

Oh, gross.

对啊。

Yeah.

看起来压力已经太高了。

Looks like the pressure is getting too high.

马上就要炸了。

It's gonna blow.

咱们可不想走那条路。

We don't wanna go that way.

我不想放着屁死掉。

I don't wanna go out in a fart.

咱们赶紧离开这儿吧。

Let's get out of here.

终于能呼吸点新鲜空气了。

Finally, fresh air.

不对。

Nope.

还是有一股屁味。

It still smells like farts.

这是灵魂放屁。

It's the soul fart.

我们还在火山口呢。

We're still at the volcano.

我真不敢相信，我们所有的屁都来自肚子里的小虫子。

I can't believe all our farts come from little bugs in our bellies.

它们太神奇了。

They are incredible.

细菌已经适应了地球上一些最极端的环境。

Bacteria have learned to live in some of the most extreme places in the world.

我们根本没法在肠道那样的地方生存。

We couldn't live in a place like our gut.

你这话是什么意思？

What do you mean?

比如我们的胃里全是酸，大肠里又完全没有氧气。

Our stomach, for example, is full of acid, and our large intestine has no oxygen.

天哪。

Woah.

那简直就像住在火星上一样。

It'd be like living on Mars.

我从来没想过，放个屁背后居然有这么多事在发生。

I never knew how much work went into a fart.

那不是我放的。

That wasn't me.

我发誓。

I swear.

所以

So

放屁其实是食物链的末端产物。

a fart comes at the end of a long food chain.

这个过程从我们咀嚼食物、吞下去开始，食物进入胃里，在小肠中被消化。

That begins when we chew our food and swallow it into our stomachs, where it's digested in our small intestine.

然后食物被推入大肠，那些我们自己无法分解的部分，会得到大肠里数以万亿计微生物的帮助。

Then food gets pushed into our large intestine where the parts we can't break down ourselves get a little help from the trillions of bugs that are living there.

这些微生物被称为微生物群。

These bugs are called microbiota.

它们在发酵和分解我们未消化的食物时会产生气体。

They create gas as they ferment and break down all our undigested food.

大部分气体被吸收到血液里，然后带到肺部，从嘴里呼出来。

A lot of this gas goes into our blood and travels to our lungs to be breathed out of our mouth.

刷牙吧。

Brush your teeth.

剩下的气体就在大肠里积聚，最后从屁股放出来，就是屁。

The rest builds up in our large intestine until it comes out our bums as a fart.

真恶心。

Ew.

肠道细菌产生的气体大部分其实没味道。

Most of the gas our gut bacteria make doesn't have any smell.

屁的臭味主要来自含硫的微量分子。

The stinky part of the fart is the tiny molecules with sulfur in them.

这些分子还不到排出气体总量的百分之一。

They make up less than 1% of the gas that escapes our bodies.

每个人都会放屁。

Everyone farts.

动物也是。

Animals too.

它们可能又臭又搞笑，但别忘了，每一阵屁都是由地球上最顽强、最了不起的生物制造出来的。

They might be stinky and sound funny, but remember that every fart is being made by some of the toughest, most amazing organisms on the planet.

你有没有在苹果里穿过虫子挖的隧道？

Have you ever trekked through worm tunnels inside an apple?

你有没有滑过蜗牛留下的黏液？

Have you ever slid across snail slime?

你有没有被鬼蘑菇吓到过？

Have you ever been spooked by a ghost mushroom?

都没有？

No?

那你还等什么？

Well, what are you waiting for?

来和我、科斯塔，还有我的朋友扎维尔和米莉一起，开启一场有趣的冒险，探索植物世界的奥秘吧。

Join me, Costa, and my friends, Xavier and Millie on a super fun adventure discovering the secrets of the plant world.

我们会一起变成小小探险家，在一片巨大的花园里探索。

Together, we'll become tiny explorers in a giant garden.

欢迎收听《澳大利亚园艺少儿版》播客的新一季内容。

Tune in to the new season of the Gardening Australia Junior podcast.

所有集数现在已经上线了。

All episodes are out now.

你可以在ABC听播客App上找到它们。

Find them on the ABC listen app.