Why do we have to brush our teeth?

ABC，听好了。

ABC listen.

你好。

Hello.

我叫Nidge。

My name is Nidge.

今天在《想象一下》这个节目里，我要做一份三重巧克力焦糖布朗尼圣代，上面撒满五彩糖粒。

And today on Imagine This, I'm making a triple chocolate caramel fudge super sundae with extra sprinkles.

我们还能加点什么？

What else can we put on?

冰淇淋、巧克力，还有我超爱的粉色糖霜。

Ice cream, chocolate, long I love jazzy pink.

甜甜圈？

Doughnuts?

对，没错。

Oh, yeah.

这个不错。

That's a good one.

甜甜圈？

Doughnuts?

真的吗？

Is it really?

对。

Yeah.

咱们试试吧。

Let's give it a go.

直接放上去。

Chuck it on there.

棒棒糖。

Lollipops.

等等。

Oh, hang on.

先把棍子拿掉。

Get the sticks off first.

接下来是鲜奶油。

And here comes the whipped cream.

再放上一颗樱桃做点缀。

And the cherry on top.

祝您用餐愉快。

Bon appetit.

哎哟。

Ouch.

我的牙。

My tooth.

这是怎么回事？

What's happening?

糖。

Sugar.

糖对牙齿不好。

Sugar is bad for our teeth.

如果你吃太多糖果，牙齿可能会慢慢蛀掉，出现小洞。

If you eat too many lolly, it makes them maybe rot a little bit and you'll get holes in them.

你会疼得不得了。

You'll get a toothache that really, really, really hurts.

你有刷牙吗？

Have you been brushing your teeth?

有的。

Yeah.

我有刷。

I do.

有时候会忘记。

Sometimes I forget.

我从来都不喜欢刷牙，但还是得刷。

I always don't like doing my teeth, but I do it anyway.

你得刷牙。

You have to brush them.

为什么？

Why?

因为这样牙才能刷干净。

Because that will help it get clean.

这也不光是我一个人这么想。

Well, it's it's not just me.

玛蒂尔达、伊丽莎白和艾拉也都在问同样的问题。

Matilda, Elizabeth, and Ella have been wondering the same thing.

你好，尼什。

Hi, Niche.

我是玛蒂尔达，五岁了。

I'm Matilda, and I'm five years old.

我叫艾拉，四岁三个月。

My name's Ella, and I'm four and three quarters.

我是伊丽莎白，我八岁了。

I'm Elizabeth, and I'm eight years old.

我想知道，我们为什么得好好护理牙齿呢？

And I wanna know Why do we have to take care of our teeth?

我们为什么非得刷牙不可？

Why do we have to brush our teeth?

如果你不刷牙，最好去问问牙医。

We should ask the dentist if you don't brush your teeth.

这个主意不错。

Good idea.

我偶尔去过牙医那里。

I've been to my dentist sometimes.

要是牙齿不干净，牙医会帮你清洁，还能帮你把牙齿变好。

When your teeth is not too clear, a dentist helps you brush it and also help to get your teeth better.

咱们去问问米希里·西尔瓦医生吧，也许她能看看我的牙齿。

Let's talk to doctor Mihiri Silva, and maybe she can check out my tooth.

您好，西尔瓦医生。

Hi, doctor Silva.

你好。

Hello.

嗨，米希里。

Hi, Mihiri.

嗨，米希里。

Hi, Mihiri.

你好。

Hello.

很高兴见到你。

Nice to see you.

今天有什么我可以帮你的吗？

What can I do for you today?

我的牙疼。

My tooth hurts.

他不愿意刷牙。

He doesn't want to brush his teeth.

我其实还挺想刷的。

I do kind of want to.

就是有时候会忘。

I just sometimes forget.

我们所有人都应该用含氟牙膏刷牙。

We should all definitely be brushing our teeth with a fluoridated toothpaste.

我刷了两次。

I did two times.

早上一次，晚上一次。

One in the morning, one at night.

就这些。

That's it.

刷牙能让牙齿保持干净和健康。

Brushing our teeth keeps them clean and healthy.

为什么？

Why?

它能帮助防止牙齿出现蛀洞。

It helps protect them from getting holes.

怎么做到的？

But how?

我可以告诉你，但还是亲自演示给你看更有趣。

Well, I could tell you, but it's so much more fun if I show you.

当然。

Definitely.

没错。

For sure.

太好了。

Excellent.

我想让你想象自己变得非常小。

I want you to imagine yourself very small.

我们来仔细看看牙齿。

We're going to take a close look at some teeth.

张开嘴说‘啊’。

Say ah.

啊。

Ah.

我们现在在嘴巴里面。

We're inside a mouth.

你好。

Hello.

回声。

Echo.

好黑啊。

It's dark.

到处都是湿的。

It's all wet.

你能把口水吐出来吗？

Could you spit?

舌头摸起来像蹦床一样有弹性。

The tongue feels fancy like a trampoline.

弹弹弹。

Boing boing boing.

牙齿是用什么做的？

What are teeth made of?

牙齿有好几层结构。

Teeth have a few layers to them.

牙齿中间是软的。

The center of them is soft.

我们管它叫牙髓。

We call it the pulp.

牙髓外面有一层坚硬的保护层。

The pulp is protected by a strong outer layer.

主要成分是钙。

It's made up of mostly calcium.

钙？

Calcium?

奶制品里有钙。

That's in dairy.

像酸奶和牛奶这样的食物里都有。

It's in foods like yogurt and milk.

对。

Yes.

那我只要多喝牛奶，就不必刷牙了？

So if I drink lots of milk, I don't have to brush my teeth.

不行，米奇。

No, Mitch.

不行。

No.

吃奶酪、喝牛奶其实对牙齿帮助不大。

Eating cheese and drinking milk doesn't really help your teeth.

但你知道什么才有用吗？

But you know what does?

唾液。

Saliva.

什么？

What?

这太恶心了。

That's disgusting.

哎呀。

Ew.

唾液其实特别好。

Saliva is great.

它富含钙，而且一直在冲刷我们的牙齿。

It's full of calcium, and it's always washing over our teeth.

哎哟。

Ouch.

我脚趾撞到这颗牙上了。

I stubbed my toe on this tooth.

硬得不得了。

It's so hard.

这硬东西是什么？

What's this hard stuff?

牙齿外层是牙釉质。

The outside of a tooth is made of enamel.

这是你全身最坚硬的部分。

It's the strongest stuff in your whole body.

真的吗。

Wow.

比鼻涕还硬？

Stronger than a booger?

还要更强。

Even stronger.

鼻涕可软弱了。

Boogers are really weak.

比一整车的驴还要结实。

Stronger than a whole wagon full of donkeys.

好吧。

Okay.

也许没那么强。

Maybe not that strong.

如果牙釉质这么硬，那我们牙齿上怎么还会出现洞呢？

If enamel is so strong, then how can we get holes in our teeth?

其实，你嘴里不止牙齿这一种东西在安家。

Well, your teeth aren't the only things that call your mouth home.

这里面还有别的东西？

There's something else in here?

在哪？

Where?

它们太小了，肉眼看不见。

They're too small to see with our eyes.

我们换到显微镜视角吧。

Let's switch to microscopic view.

嘿。

Hey.

你最近怎么样？

How are you?

你好。

Hello.

还不错。

Fine.

有什么事？

What's up?

最近怎么样，多尔斯？

How's it going, Doors?

那是什么东西？

What are they?

是细菌。

Bacteria.

细菌会让人生病。

Bacteria makes you sick.

它们就是病菌。

They're germs.

有些细菌确实会让人生病，但大多数对我们是有益的。

Some bacteria can make you sick, but most are good for us.

它们生活在我们的皮肤上、肠道里，还有很多生活在你的口腔里。

They live on our skin and in our gut, and there are lots that live in your mouth.

有多少？

How many?

你嘴里的微生物数量比地球上所有人口加起来还多。

There are more microscopic bugs in your mouth than there are people on the whole planet.

天哪。

Woah.

你见过这个吗，老兄？

Have you seen this, mate?

哦，这东西真够粗糙的。

Oh, this is clanky.

好暗。

Dark.

好黏糊。

Slimy.

我们还挺喜欢的，痒痒的。

We love it, itch.

哦，它总是得吃点东西。

Oh, it's always subject to eat.

总是得说声抱歉。

Always subject to excuse me.

别在意。

Don't mind.

根本不在这边。

It's not even over here.

什么？

What

它们在吃啥？

are they eating?

你吃进去的食物。

The food you eat.

就算你刷牙刷得再干净，还是会有

Even if you brush your teeth perfectly, there are

一直都有

always

嘴里还残留着一些微小的食物碎屑，这些小东西就会吃掉它们。

tiny microscopic bits of food left in your mouth, and these bugs will eat it.

芹菜，那是超级食物。

Celery, That's a super food.

你看到它们后面有什么了吗，Roar？

What do you see behind them, Roar?

后面可有不少好东西呢。

There's heaps of good stuff back here.

那是什么？

What was that?

一点米饭都没留下吗？

No bit of rice?

我特别喜欢这些小生物。

I love these bugs.

它们就像在帮我们刷牙一样。

It's like they're cleaning our teeth for us.

它还是像牙刷一样。

It still like a brush.

对牙齿来说有多糟糕呢？

It's how bad about the teeth.

天哪。

Oh, boy.

健康的口腔里一直都有这些小生物活着。

A healthy mouth will always have these little bugs living in them.

它们在你牙齿上的黏黏东西里繁殖和生活。

They make and live in the sticky stuff on your teeth.

我们叫它牙菌斑。

We call it plaque.

我以为牙菌斑是坏东西。

I thought plaque was bad.

有牙菌斑是正常的，但你并不希望它

It's normal to have plaque, but you don't want to have

太多可不行。

too much.

你这么一说，

Now that you

我牙齿确实有点毛毛的。

mention it, my teeth do feel a bit fuzzy.

所以每天早上我们都要刷牙。

So every morning, we brush.

把那些小细菌和黏黏的牙菌斑都清理干净。

We clean up the bugs and get all that sticky plaque off our teeth.

哇哦。

Woah.

牙刷现在来了。

Here comes the toothbrush now.

这是手机。

It's phone.

手机派对。

Phone party.

哦，泡泡派对。

Oh, bubble party.

哇。

Wee.

我们现在在手机区了。

We're in the phone zone.

这儿简直像迪斯科舞厅一样。

It's like a disco in here.

它真是

It's

特别清新。

so minty.

然后一整天下来，吃早餐、午餐和晚餐的时候，哦。

And then over the course of the day, as we eat breakfast, lunch, and dinner Oh.

虫子会吃你正在吃的东西。

Bugs eat the food you're eating.

它们越来越多，你可能会再次感觉到那种毛茸茸的不适。

More of them grow, and you might start getting that furry feeling back again.

然后你睡前要刷牙。

And then you brush your teeth before bed.

没错。

Exactly.

睡前刷牙就完事了。

Off the nighttime brush.

又来了。

Here we go again.

她留了一颗薄荷糖。

She kept a mint ball.

明白了吗？

Get it?

这就像月亮和牙齿在变形一样。

It's like moon morphing with teeth.

天哪。

Oy.

干得漂亮，老兄。

Nice move, mate.

把茶地板切开。

Cutting up that tea floor.

更准确说是茶地板？

More like the tea floor?

因为我们碰巧在这儿。

Because we're on the chance.

什么？

What?

我想每天晚上和早上都开一场迪斯科舞会。

I wanna have this disco dance party every night and every morning.

是的。

Yeah.

这些钱真不错。

These bucks are great.

它们没让我牙疼吧？

They're not giving me a toothache, are they?

没有。

No.

虫子长出来又刷掉，这种来回反复很正常，也很健康。

This back and forth of bugs growing and then brushing them off is totally normal and healthy.

牙疼是因为这种平衡被打破了，开始出现蛀牙。

Toothaches happen when this balance is thrown off and we start to see tooth decay.

蛀牙？

Tooth decay?

我觉得意思就是，你的牙齿生病了。

I think it means, your teeth are sick.

意思就是你的牙齿上出现了洞。

It also means your teeth have holes in them.

对。

Yes.

虽然牙齿外层的牙釉质非常坚硬，但有一样东西能穿透它——酸。

Even though the enamel, the outside layer of your teeth, is super duper strong, there is one thing that can get through acid.

酸？

Acid?

酸是怎么进入我们嘴里的？

How does acid get in our mouths?

糖。

Sugar.

当我们喝含糖饮料，比如果汁或碳酸饮料，或者吃很多糖果、蛋糕、饼干的时候

When we have sugary drinks like juice or soft drink, or if we eat lots of lollies, cakes, cookies

三重巧克力熔岩布朗尼超级巧克力圣代，上面还撒满糖粒。

Triple choc fudge brownie mudslide super choc sundae with extra sprinkles.

对

Mhmm.

如果糖分不多，一般没什么问题。

If we have just a little bit of sugar, it's usually okay.

我们的唾液能冲走酸性物质，还能让牙齿保持钙质覆盖。

Our lovely saliva can wash away the acid and keep our teeth coated in calcium.

但如果酸太多，好细菌就走了，坏细菌就趁机进来。

But if there's too much acid, the good bugs move out and the bad ones move in.

你好。

Hello.

你好。

Hello.

你好。

Hello.

哇哦。

Woah.

这些细菌不一样。

These bugs are different.

它们开始产生酸性物质。

And they start to make acid.

对。

Yes.

我们喜欢糖，也喜欢破坏东西。

We love sugar and breaking stuff.

这听起来可不怎么样。

That doesn't sound good.

酸性物质会侵蚀坚硬的牙釉质，导致牙齿逐渐破损、崩解。

The acid can get through the tough enamel so much that our teeth start to break and crumble.

早上闻到蛀牙的味道，我特别享受。

I love the smell of cavities in the morning.

喂。

Hey.

它们会让你疼得打滚。

They make you roll.

它们会在牙齿上钻出洞来。

They make some holes in the teeth.

咱们一起把它们干掉，怎么样？

Smash them, fellas?

这可不好治了。

That's gonna be hard to fix.

踩烂牙龈。

Stomp on the gums.

我想让它们变得特别敏感。

I wanna make them real sensitive.

这就是让你牙疼的原因。

This is what gives you a toothache.

对。

Yes.

如果我牙齿上有个洞会怎么样？

What happens if I get my a hole in my tooth?

要是牙齿上有个洞会怎样？

What happens if I get a hole?

是的。

Yeah.

我们皮肤被割伤了会自己愈合，骨头断了也能长好。

Our skin always heals when we get a cut, and bones can heal if you break them.

那牙齿也能自己修复吗？

Can teeth heal themselves too?

可惜的是，牙齿虽然尽力了，但一旦出现大洞，就没办法自己修复了。

Unfortunately, teeth try their best, but they can't really fix themselves if they get big holes.

不过像我这样的牙医可以帮你修好。

But a dentist like me can fix it.

米希里，刷牙最好的方法是什么？

Mihiri, what's the best way to brush my teeth?

我不希望那些酸性细菌再回来。

I don't want those acid bugs coming back.

我觉得关键是得留心。

I'd say it's important to pay attention.

刷牙的时候对着镜子看，确保牙刷确实刷到牙齿上。

Look in the mirror while you brush, and make sure your toothbrush is on your teeth.

好的。

Okay.

第一步，对着镜子看。

Step one, look in the mirror.

有需要的话，也让大人帮忙比较好。

It's always good to ask a grown up to help you too.

第二步，

Step two,

需要的时候就找人帮忙。

ask for help if I need it.

慢慢来。

Take your time.

大概需要两分钟。

It should take about two minutes.

第三步。

Step three.

好。

Okay.

两分钟。

Two minutes.

我要不要数数？

Should I count?

听一首歌。

Listen to a song.

哦，明白了。

Oh, yeah.

如果是一首两分钟的歌，我就知道刷牙时间刚好。

If it's a two minute song, I'll know that I've brushed for the right amount of time.

我建议从一边开始，慢慢刷到另一边，最后再刷牙齿的咬合面。

I recommend starting at one side and working your way all around, and then brush the tops of the teeth at the end.

别忘了也刷一刷牙龈周围。

Make sure you brush around your gums too.

细菌最喜欢藏在那儿了。

That's where the bugs are really good at hiding.

左右刷，上下刷，牙龈周围可别漏了。

Side to side, up and down, don't forget around the gum.

这简直像在听歌一样。

It's like a song already.

如果你多吃蔬果、多喝水，嘴巴也会更健康。

If you eat fruits and veggies and drink lots of water, your mouth will stay healthy too.

我家里常吃西兰花。

I eat broccoli at my home.

最重要的是，每天早晚都要用含氟牙膏刷牙。

And the best, best, best thing to do is brush your teeth morning and night with fluoridated toothpaste.

还有，别吃太多糖果。

And don't eat lots of lollies.

就这样。

That's it.

谢谢，米希里。

Thanks, Mihiri.

我现在就回家刷牙去。

I'm gonna go home and brush right now.

谢谢。

Thank you.

再见。

Bye.

谢谢。

Thank you.

随时都行。

Anytime.

所以，玛蒂尔达、伊丽莎白和艾拉，我们所有人都需要早晚刷牙。

So, Matilda, Elizabeth and Ella, we all need to brush our teeth

每天早上和晚上都要刷。

Every morning and every night.

保持口腔清洁，帮助预防蛀牙。

To keep our mouths clean and help protect our teeth from decay.

那就是牙齿上会蛀出洞的时候。

That's when you get holes in them.

我们的口腔里住着数以百万甚至十亿计的微小细菌。

Our mouths are home to millions and billions of tiny bugs

细菌。

Bacteria.

它们会吃掉我们牙齿缝隙里残留的食物。

That eat the leftover food between our teeth

制造小老鼠。

Make mice.

制造小老鼠。

Make mice.

还会形成黏黏的牙菌斑。

And make sticky plaque.

如果我们每天不把细菌和牙菌斑彻底清理掉，又吃太多糖，越来越多的细菌就会聚集，开始在我们嘴里产生酸性物质。

If we don't clean the bacteria and plaque off our teeth every day, and if we eat too much sugar, more and more bugs can arrive, and they can start to make acid in our mouths.

这些酸会附着在牙齿上，慢慢腐蚀牙齿表面坚硬的牙釉质，最终在牙齿内部形成蛀洞。

This acid can stay on our teeth, and that can wear away the tough enamel on the side and make a hole on the inside of our teeth.

哎哟，好疼。

Oh, ouch.

有时候，即使我们很认真地刷牙、尽量不吃糖，还是可能长蛀牙。

Sometimes, even if we do our best to brush and not eat sugar, we can still end up with holes in our teeth.

不过没关系，我们可以去看牙医。

But that's okay because we can go to the dentist

就像米希里医生那样。

Like Mihiri.

他们会查看你的嘴巴。

Where they'll look in your mouth

张嘴说‘啊’。

Say ah.

啊。

Ah.

清理掉细菌，补好蛀洞，保持牙齿和口腔干净健康。

Clean off the bugs and patch up the holes and keep our teeth and mouths clean and healthy.

想象一下，这是由我，尼里·查尔医生主持的ABC儿童收听播客。

Imagine this is an ABC Kids Listen podcast hosted by me, doctor Niri Chlal.

衷心感谢我们的嘉宾米希里·西尔瓦医生，以及所有帮助制作这期节目的孩子们。

A big thanks to our guest, doctor Mihiri Silva, and to all the kids who helped make the show.

本期节目由萨米娅·贝拉撰写并制作，音效设计由吴元负责，制作地点位于乌伦杰里-沃伊武隆、泰里布、帕拉瓦、比迪加尔、达鲁格和加迪加尔土地上。

Today's episode was written and produced by Samia Bella with sound design by Way Nguyen and was made on Wurundjeri Woiwurrung, Terbil, Palawa, Bidjigal, Darug, and Gadigal Lands.

我们的执行制片人是艾玛·吉布斯。

Our executive producer is Emma Gibbs.

想听更多播客、跟着音乐动起来，或者找些睡前故事和舒缓音轨？快来免费下载ABC Kids Listen应用，或者在ABC Listen应用里搜索ABC Kids Listen。

For more podcasts to play, music to move, and stories and soundtracks for sleep, download the ABC Kids Listen app free from your App Store, or look for ABC Kids Listen on the ABC Listen app.