欢乐星期五31：日本的熊袭击事件

你等等，老兄，你的日语比我好太多了。

You're oh, dude, your your Japanese is way better than mine.

不。

No.

不。

No.

不。

No.

那是什么？

What what is it?

那是什么？

What is it?

我认为，任何正在学习日语的人都会意识到，不可能学会日语里的每一个单词。

I I think anyone learning Japanese out there, you realize it's impossible to learn every single word in the Japanese language.

当然。

Sure.

所以你会发现，你的日语会根据自己的兴趣而提高。

So you'll find that your Japanese will improve based on your own interests.

当然。

Of course.

我的兴趣是山。

And so my my interests are mountains.

是的。

Yeah.

所以我懂很多关于山的日语表达。

So I know a lot of mountain Japanese.

哦，酷。

Oh, cool.

对。

Yeah.

对。

Yeah.

但如果你让我用日语解释经济政策，我会像被车灯照到的鹿一样呆住。

But if you asked me to explain economic policy in Japanese, it would be like staring a deer in headlights.

所以我的商务日语水平不如我的登山日语水平。

So my business Japanese knowledge is not as good as my mountain Japanese knowledge.

我很高兴你有登山日语，因为我觉得如果用日语讲经济预测，为了娱乐目的，我可能会睡着。

I'm happy you have hiking Japanese because I think for entertainment sake, I'd probably be falling asleep if you were giving an economic forecast in Japanese.

读者也会这样。

As would the readers.

读者也会，所以

As would the re so

所以，这个，这个

So The the

所以我们知道熊是‘くま’，而日本的黑熊是亚洲熊或者叫亚洲黑熊。

So we know bear is kuma, and the the the black bear in Japan is the or the Asiatic or Asian bear.

这个用日语怎么说？

It's what what's that in Japanese?

那是月の輪グマ。

That's the Tsuki no wa gumma.

月，再说一遍。

Tsuki say that again.

月の輪？

Tsuki no wa?

月の輪グマ。

Tsuki no wa gumma.

所以“月”是月亮，“輪”是环吗？

So Tsuki is moon, and wa is ring?

是的。

Yeah.

所以是月环熊。

So tsuki noa, so the moon ring bear.

但由于这是一个复合词，我们不说“クマ”，而说“グマ”。

But because it's a compound, we don't say kuma, we say guma.

グマ。

Guma.

是的。

Yeah.

它会修改辅音，没错，你在k上加浊音符号，变成gu。

It it modifies the, yeah, you put the dakuten on the k and change to gu.

所以是Tsuki no wa guma。

So it's Tsuki no wa guma.

Tsuki no wa guma。

Tsuki no wa guma.

是的。

Yeah.

因为我以前听说它们被称为月熊，而且那些……

Because I I had heard that they were called moon bears, and those those

所以亚洲黑熊的腹部或胸部确实有一圈白色毛环。

those And so the Asiatic black bears do have a white ring on their belly or their chest.

而且它们在日本分布得更广，不是吗？

And they're they're more spread out in Japan, aren't they?

所以，我想我们可以聊聊熊的数量统计，但基本上，日本有两种熊，我觉得你对这个更了解，我不是很清楚。

So the, I I guess we can get into bear statistics, but, basically, the Japan has again, I think you know more about this than I do, but there's two kinds of bears.

一种是棕熊，另一种是黑熊。

There's the brown bear, and then there's the black bear.

我们先聊聊黑熊吧，因为最近新闻里更多提到它，当然。

Let's talk about the black bear first because that's been in the news more Sure.

比棕熊多。

Than the brown bear.

但是

But

所以黑熊在日本分布得更广。

So so so the black bear is more, spread out across Japan.

据我了解，棕熊主要分布在北海道。

Like, so my understanding is the brown bear is more in Hokkaido.

然后那个

And then the

没错。

That's correct.

黑熊分布广泛，在日本大多数县都曾有目击记录。

The the black bear is spread out, and it's been sighted in, like, most prefectures in Japan.

嗯，也不完全是。

Well, yes and no.

人们认为九州岛上的黑熊已经灭绝了。

It's thought to be extinct on the island of Kyushu.

对。

Right.

据我所知，过去十年里没有报告过任何确凿的熊类目击事件。

There's been no reported, no confirmed bear sightings in the last decade, I believe.

而在四国，它们被视为濒危物种。

And on Chikoku they're considered endangered.

我记得最后一次听说四国岛上大约有20只黑熊。

I think the last I heard there was about 20 black bears on the island of Shikoku.

真的吗？

Oh, really?

哇。

Wow.

哇。

Wow.

绝大多数黑熊种群分布在东北地区。

So overwhelming majority of the population is in Tohoku.

对。

Right.

好的。

Okay.

其次是关东、山信越和中部地区，再然后是关西和中国地区，但数量要少得多。

Followed by, you know, Kanto, Yoshinetsu, and Chubu, and then to a smaller extent, Kansai and Chugoku regions.

对。

Right.

而且据我了解，黑熊要危险和更具攻击性得多。

And then the my understanding too is that the black bears are far more dangerous and aggressive.

哦，天哪。

Oh, no.

不。

No.

棕熊才更具有攻击性。

The the brown bears are more aggressive.

对吧？

Right?

没错。

That is correct.

而黑熊通常更胆小，听到或闻到人类气味时往往会逃跑，不过我相信它们也并非完全安全，对吧？

And then the black bears tend to be more timid and kind of run away when they hear or smell humans, although you I'm sure they're not entirely safe, though, are they?

不。

No.

我的意思是，我认为今年黑熊之所以声名鹊起，是因为最近新闻里报道了那么多熊袭击事件。

Well, I mean, I think this year, the black bears have gotten all the notoriety because of all the bear attacks that we've

听到了。

heard

最近的新闻里。

of in the news recently.

关于为什么会发生这种情况，有很多理论。

There's lots of theories as to why this happens.

其实我归咎于Labubu。

I blame it on Labubu, actually.

就像熊们不想被人们带着可爱的小Labubu抢了风头。

It's like the bears didn't wanna be outdone by everyone carrying their cute little Labubus.

所以，Wes，我有个问题，你可以用是或否来回答。

So so, Wes, I've got a question, And you can answer true or false.

熊只是可爱的毛绒玩具。

Bears are just cuddly little fluffy toys.

它们只是被误解了，它们只是想抱抱。

They just they misunderstood, and they wanna they wanna hug.

对吧？

Right?

如果你说的是熊本熊，那没错。

If you're referring to Kumamon, that is correct.

没错。

Correct.

对。

Right.

但真正的熊呢，是的。

But the real the real bears yeah.

不对。

No.

所以黑熊遍布日本，主要在本州。

So so the so the black bears, they're all over Japan, mostly Honshu.

对吧？

Right?

是的。

Yes.

至于棕熊，我知道这一点。

And then the brown bears, I do know this.

它们叫乌苏里熊。

They're called Usuri.

对。

Yeah.

它们确实叫乌苏里熊。

They are called usuri.

不过更常见的叫法是棕熊。

However, more common terminology would be higuma.

哦，ヒグマ。

Oh, higuma.

那是另一个「グマ」。

Which is another guma.

グマ。

Guma.

热的汉字是什么？

What does what's the kanji for heat?

火。

Fire.

不是。

No.

其实我不知道。

Actually, I don't know.

抱歉。

Sorry.

我们来，我们来，我们来

Let's let's let's have

在不确定的时候，如果你不知道某个汉字或什么

a in when in doubt, if you don't know the kanji or something

用谷歌搜索。

Google.

嗯，不是的。

Well, no.

是的。

Yeah.

但你也会用你大脑熟悉的东西，所以第一个冒出来的词就是它，从我脑子里蹦出来的。

But you also just use what your brain is familiar with, so that's the first word that came up He Out of my brain.

大熊。

Higuma.

哦，看起来它是用片假名写的。

Oh, it looks like it's in, Katakana.

是的。

Yeah.

可能有个汉字。

There might be a kanji.

在日本，很多动物的名字都是用片假名书写的，这很有趣。

It's interesting in Japan, a lot of animal names are written in Katakana.

我听说棕熊更加具有攻击性和危险性。

So I heard that the brown bears are far more aggressive and dangerous.

是的。

Yes.

它们确实如此。

They are.

而且它们也更大吗？

And they're bigger as well?

我上网查过，说日本的棕熊——Higuma，比美国的灰熊还要大。

I read up online that it said, the Japanese brown bears, the Higuma, are bigger than American grizzlies.

我觉得这么说不太对劲。

And I that just didn't sound right to me.

于是我做了一些搜索，发现日本的棕熊比北美灰熊在大陆地区要大得多。

So I did a bit of searching, and apparently, Japanese brown bears are bigger than North American grizzlies in, like, in the main continent.

但阿拉斯加的棕熊要大得多。

But apparently, Alaskan brown bears are much, much bigger.

所以我认为它们被称为阿拉斯加科迪亚克熊。

So I think they're called the Alaskan Kodiak bears.

哦，是的。

Oh, yes.

千万别靠近它们。

Just don't go near them.

它们会把你抓走的。

They will miss you up.

是的。

Yeah.

是的

Yeah.

你的某些听众可能熟悉星野道夫。

Some of your listeners may be familiar with Hoshino.

星野道夫。

Michio Hoshino.

对。

Yes.

对。

Yes.

对。

Yes.

星野道夫是一位著名的日本摄影师、自然摄影师，他于1996年在俄罗斯被一头棕熊袭击身亡。

Michio Hoshino is a famous Japanese photographer, nature photographer, and he was killed by a brown bear up in Russia in 1996.

天哪。

Yikes.

如果你看一张俄罗斯地图，会发现一个小小的半岛向下延伸，那就是堪察加。

If you look at a map of Russia, there's a little tiny peninsula that jarts down, and that's called Kamchukka.

我认为他的遇袭地点就在那个半岛上，被一只堪察加棕熊袭击了。

I believe that's the name of the and he was mauled on that peninsula by the Kamat Kamchukta brown bear.

堪察加棕熊。

Kamchukta brown bear.

别

Don't

我不知道那个't'是不是要发音。

know if that t is pronounced or not.

我觉得应该读作堪察加。

Kamchukka, I would say.

我想堪察加棕熊与北海道的虎熊或乌苏里棕熊是近亲，因为它们的分布区域非常接近。

I guess the Kamchaka brown bear is a relative of the Higuma or the Usuri brown bear on Hokkaido because they're really close to each other.

所以我认为他可能是第一位在国外因熊袭击而知名的日本人。

So I think he was probably the first famous bear victim, abroad at least for a Japanese

等等。

Wait.

那是什么？

What was that?

那是什么？

What was that

是在大正时期吗？那时候有一只熊杀了大约十个人？

story in, like, was it Taisho period where there was this bear that killed, like, 10 people?

他们还拍了一部电影，只是

They made a movie out of it, and it was just

确实有这回事。

There was.

是的。

Yeah.

所以我想，棕熊或者Higuma这些年来一直有着更糟糕的名声

So I I guess brown bears or Higuma have had more of a reputation over the years

对。

Right.

因为嗜血。

For being bloodthirsty.

是的。

Yeah.

今年夏天，在去罗臼的山道上，Shireitoko发生了一起非常著名的事件。

This summer, there was a very famous incident in Shireitoko on the trail to Rausu that game.

是的。

Yeah.

我不太确定。

And the I'm not exactly sure.

我没有读完所有的细节。

I didn't read all of the details.

当你看到这些事件报告时，经常如此。

A lot of times when you see these incident reports Yeah.

或者这些用日语撰写的关于日本山区事故的故事，往往缺乏大量细节，

Or these stories written in Japanese about accidents in Japan's mountains, they are lacking a lot of details,

这很遗憾，因为我们

which is a shame because we

完全不知道发生了什么。

have no idea.

我听说当时有两个人正在下山。

I heard that so there were two people descending.

我认为他们正在下山时，其中一人遭到袭击并被拖离了小径。

I believe they were descending the mountain and one got attacked and dragged off of the trail.

对。

Right.

对。

Right.

我认为是一只母熊。

I believe it was a mother bear.

我觉得小熊就在附近。

I think the cub was nearby.

然后他们回去找到了尸体，我猜那只熊已经吃了那名受害者。

And then they went back and they found the body, and I guess the bear had eaten that victim.

但我听说他们当时在进行越野跑，这可能是你在日本遭遇熊袭击时最糟糕的行为。

But I I heard that it was they were trail running, which is probably the worst thing that you can do in Japan in terms of being, attacked by a bear.

有一位来自新西兰的男子在越野跑时被熊袭击，熊立刻咬断了他的手臂。

There was a new there was a guy from New Zealand who was trail running, and he got he got attacked by a bear, and the bear bit his arm immediately breaking it.

他设法逃了出来，随后被送往医院。

He managed to somehow escape, and then he ended up in hospital.

他活了下来。

He survived.

但是

But

但这个故事并没有登上日本的新闻。

Now that store that story did not make the Japanese news.

你知道为什么吗？

Do you know why?

为什么？

Why?

因为这不是一起山地事故，他离开了小径并叫了救护车。

Well, it wasn't a mountain accident because he got off the trail and called the ambulance.

所以他不需要山地救援。

So he didn't require mountain rescue.

我想这就是日本媒体没有关注这个故事的原因。

I think that's why the Japanese media didn't really pick up on that story.

对，对。

Right, right.

因为近年来日本熊袭击事件的关键点在于，它们以前发生在非常偏远的地区，但现在却越来越多地发生在城市地区和人类居住区。

Because the the I mean, the whole point about the recent bear attacks in Japan is that they they used to happen in very remote areas, but now they're, you know, increasingly happening in more urban areas in human settlements.

顺便说一下，我这里有一些数据给你。

By the way, I've got some I've got some stats for you here.

你准备好了吗？

Are you ready?

好的。

Okay.

我准备好了。

I am ready.

我简直不敢相信这些数据。

And I couldn't believe these.

我脑袋都炸了。

I my head exploded.

所以，好吧，据报道，在美国发生了11起熊袭击事件。

So, okay, apparently, in The US, there were 11 reported bear attacks.

对吧？

Right?

那里有数十万只熊。

And they've got hundreds of thousands of bears there.

对吧？

Right?

我当时在看，数据显示很难获取，因为很多事件都没有被报告，数据很难收集。

And I was looking, and and it said, you know, data's hard to come by because a lot of incidents aren't reported, and it's hard to collect the data.

但据说有11起。

But there's call it 11.

这个数字要打个折扣来看。

Take that with a pinch of salt.

对吧？

Right?

在欧洲，发生了18起熊袭击事件。

In Europe, there were 18 bear attacks.

在欧亚大陆，比如伊朗和俄罗斯，发生了19起熊袭击事件。

In Eurasia, which is like Iran and Russia, there were 19 bear attacks.

好的。

Okay.

系好安全带，韦斯。

Buckle up, Wes.

在日本，有200多起袭击事件，记录显示，有人被熊咬伤和拖走。

In Japan, over 200 attacks, checks notes, mold, bitten, and dragged by bears.

当时我就想，这太疯狂了。

It was like, that's insane.

去年有十三人丧生，是的，还有两百多人受伤，这太不可思议了。

And then thirteen people were killed in the last year and, yeah, over two hundred injured, which is insane.

所以，熊袭击事件数量最多的国家是日本，这比全球其他所有熊袭击事件加起来还多。

So the, like, the single highest number of bear attacks is in Japan, and that's more than all bear attacks globally combined.

所以。

So

我不知道水里有什么。

I don't I don't know what's in the water.

水里肯定有什么问题。

It's something in the water.

而且我一直在研究一些熊袭击事件，基本上，这位来自新西兰的人并不是在荒无人烟的地方。

And and I was looking into some of the bear attacks, and, basically so this guy from New Zealand, he wasn't in the middle of nowhere.

对吧？

Right?

我的意思是，他大概是在一个稍微偏僻的地区，但离城镇足够近，救护车能赶去接他。

I mean, he's I guess he was in a somewhat rural area, but he was close enough to the town to get an ambulance to come and pick him up.

对吧？

Right?

所以他们说，熊越来越多地出现在学校、超市和火车站。

So what they're saying is bears have been increasingly, been spotted in schools, supermarkets, railway stations.

我的天，这有点吓人。

I mean, that's kinda scary.

而且，据说有一只熊闯进了山形机场的跑道，导致所有航班被迫停飞。

And, apparently, like, a bear wandered onto the runway in Yamagata Airport, and they had to ground all the planes.

是的。

Yeah.

我觉得是山形县或宫城县。

I think that was Yamagata or Miyagi.

某个地方。

Somewhere

在那边。

up there.

我觉得那边是山形县。

I think was Yamagata up there.

也许吧。

Maybe.

是的。

Yeah.

哇。

Wow.

我想说这简直就像

This is I just wanna say this is like

这一切都是相对的。

It's all it's all relative.

对吧？

Right?

嗯，我认为今年是偏离常态的特例。

Well, I would say this year is kind of the exception to the norm.

这种事情在日本以前从未发生过。

This has never really happened in Japan before.

没错。

Right.

所以这就是为什么我认为它引起了大量关注。

And so that's why I think it's it has garnered a lot of attention.

没错。

Right.

当然。

Sure.

但我也认为，由于这些袭击事件，人们现在有点害怕了。

But, also, I think because of all these attacks, people are kind of scared now.

从媒体的报道方式来看，你会以为这类事件正在增加。

The way it's presented in the media, you would think that it's in it's on the increase.

嗯，你会觉得在日本的任何地方，你都有可能遭遇熊的袭击或攻击，不过……

Well, you would think, yeah, that everywhere in Japan, you're in danger of getting attacked or mauled by a bear no

不管你去什么地方。

matter where you go.

事实并非如此，但我觉得是的。

That's not the case, but, I would yeah.

是的。

Yeah.

对。

Yeah.

没关系。

It's fine.

日本是安全的。

Japan's safe.

你不会被熊袭击的。

You're you're not gonna get attacked by a bear.

然而，与以前相比，熊袭击事件有所增加。

However, compared to before, the bear attacks have been increasing.

我认为一直以来都有一种文化观念，认为熊是危险的动物。

Well, I think there's always been this cultural idea that bear equals dangerous animal

当然。

Sure.

对人类而言。

For humans.

所以，尽管最近袭击事件很多，但这些袭击并没有发生在山里。

And so while there have been a lot of attacks recently, those attacks are not occurring in the mountains.

它们发生在里山或

They're occurring in the Satoyama or

是的。

Yeah.

在山脚地带，因为熊正在下山进入人类居住区。

On the foothills of the mountains because the bears are coming down into the human habitat.

对。

Yeah.

所以每当有熊进入村庄并攻击人或被人目击时，人们就会产生一种想法：去猎杀它。

And so basically what happens is every time a bear comes into the village and it attacks someone or is being seen, there's this mentality of let's hunt it and kill it.

因此，最近在猎杀熊方面出现了一些问题。

And so it's there's been some issues recently with culling bears.

是的。

Yeah.

我想我所看到的问题是，他们并不确切知道黑熊的数量有多少。

I guess the issue that I kind of see is they don't really know exactly how many black bears there are.

对。

Right.

他们有估算数据吗？

Have they have estimates.

现在有一些估算表明，本州岛上的黑熊数量大约在40,050只左右。

Now there's been estimates that said there's been about anywhere between 40,050 black bears on the island of Honshu.

但我好奇的是，他们为什么无法准确统计黑熊的具体数量？

But I'm wondering how they they can't exactly count the specific number of bears.

对吧？

Right?

我猜这些都只是估算值。

I'm guessing these are estimates.

所以他们说北海道大约有17,000只黑熊。

So they say it's around 17,000 black bears in Hokkaido.

本州岛则是四万多只，对吧？

It's a 40 something thousand in Honshu Right.

指的是黑熊。

For for black bears.

对吧？

Right?

所以，大概日本有五万到六万只熊。

So Well it's roughly roughly 50 to 60 bears in Japan.

是的。

Yeah.

所以我的意思是，你知道，你提到今年，以及过去几年，夏天都非常炎热。

So my I mean, you know, obviously, you're saying this year, it's it was a really hot summer as it's been the last few years.

橡果、山毛榉坚果和其他食物的数量都变得稀缺。

The number of, you know, acorns and and beech nuts and other food is has been scarce.

是的。

Yeah.

因此他们认为，而且也认为熊的数量出现了大幅增长。

And so they're thinking that and also they're thinking that there's been a big explosion of the bear population.

这就是为什么有这么多熊下山到……是的。

That's why a lot of a lot of bears are coming down into the Yeah.

进入山谷。

Into the valley.

人们可能没有意识到，我认为黑熊最近的困境与日本狼的困境有一些相似之处。

What people may not realize is I think the the recent plight of the black bear has some possible similarities to the the plight of the Japanese wolf.

哦，有意思。

Oh, interesting.

那么，在明治时代和大正时代，日本狼发生了什么？

And so what happened in the with the Japanese wolf during the Meiji era and and the Taisho era?

我想，在明治时代，许多狼从山里下到村庄里。

Well, I guess what happened with the Japanese wolf in the Meiji era is a lot of wolves were coming down out of the mountains into the villages.

每次狼进入村庄，它们都会被杀死。

And every time the wolf came into the village, they were killed.

于是人们不断猎杀狼，杀了一只又一只，突然间，狼不再出现在村庄里，人们这才发现它们已经灭绝了。

And so they kept killing the wolves and killing wolves and killing wolves, and all of a sudden, the wolves no longer showed up in the villages, and they found out that they were extinct.

事实上，最后有记录的、经确认的日本狼目击事件发生在1909年。

So actually, the very last reported the confirmed reported sighting of a a Japanese wolf was 19 o nine.

不。

No.

实际上，抱歉。

Actually, sorry.

最后一只被报告的日本狼是在1905年，位于奈良县东吉野村。

The the last reported Japanese wolf was 19 o five, and that was in Nara Prefecture in Higashi Yoshino Village.

它们是野生狼，已经完全灭绝了吗？

And are they just wild wolves are completely extinct?

它们已经完全灭绝了。

They're completely extinct.

所以，我能理解也许人们想给这些动物命名，但我担心的是，如果今年标志着一个新的趋势的开始，而熊实际上正处于生存的最后挣扎呢？

So my I can I I understand the the the need to maybe call the animals, but my fear is what if this year is the start of a new trend and the bears are actually on their last fight for survival?

因此，随着越来越多的熊离开山区进入村庄，如果这些熊都被猎杀，那么未来可能会出现这样一个时刻：熊不再进入村庄，因为我们发现它们已经灭绝了。

And so as more and more bears exit the mountains and come into the villages, if all these bears are culled, then there might be a time in the future where bears are no longer coming into the village because we find out that they're extinct.

对吧？

Right?

我的意思是，你永远不知道这种情况会不会发生。

I mean, you never know if that's gonna happen.

但你知道的。

But you know?

我不觉得现在会发生这种事，但如果这种捕杀持续二三十年呢？

And I don't think it's gonna happen something like now, but what if they what if this culling issues continues for twenty or thirty years?

我认为关于该怎么做，这场辩论有两方面。

I think there's two sides to the debate in terms of what to do.

一方面，我们可以捕杀它们，并使用人工智能监控系统来追踪熊。

One is let's cull them and use, you know, AI surveillance systems to track the bears.

另一方面，我认为你所表达的观点是：你可以捕杀它们，但如果捕杀太多，那就完了。

And then the other on the other side, I think this kind of the point you're making is, like, well, you can cull them, but if you if you cull too many, it's it that's over.

你知道，它们有灭绝的危险。

You you you know, that There's a danger they could be become extinct.

所以另一方主张在人类居住区和熊的繁殖区域之间建立缓冲区。

And so so the other side is they what they wanna do is create, like, buffer zones between human settlements and the areas where they breed.

是的

Yeah.

这真的很有趣。

And, it's it's really interesting.

我读了一些博客，探讨为什么这些袭击会发生。

So I was reading, like, a bunch of blogs on why they think these attacks are happening.

正如你所说，它们越来越多地进入人类居住区。

And like you said, they're coming into human settlements more and more.

特别有趣的是，我发现了些以前没想到的东西——有些人认为，某些野生动物保护政策实际上帮助增加了熊的数量。

And what was, like, really interesting was, I I found some stuff I hadn't thought about, and, apparently, some people think that big they had had some wildlife conservation policies, and that had actually helped to increase the number of bears.

还有一个特别有趣的情况是，你知道，福岛有一个隔离区。

And the really interesting one was there was an so called so you know Fukushima has an exclusion zone.

当那座核电站爆炸后，他们设立了这个隔离区，结果意外地成了一个野生动物保护区。

So when that nuclear power station exploded, they created this exclusion zone, and that actually became an accidental wildlife preserve.

因此，不仅熊的数量激增，整个野生动物种群都爆炸性增长，因为没有人去惊扰它们。

And so you had this explode not just bears, but just an explosion in wildlife because there weren't any humans to scare the animals away or whatever.

或者开车撞死它们。

Or to run them over with their car.

或者开车撞死它们，你知道的？

Or run them over with their cars know?

还有所有这类事情。

And and and all that kind of stuff.

显然，你提到的气候变化，导致食物越来越稀缺。

Obviously, there's climate change you were talking about, so food is becoming more scarce.

浆果、坚果、橡果都变少了，因此它们被迫到离人类聚居区更近的地方觅食。

There there are less berries, less nuts, less acorns, and so they're forced to, you know, forage for food nearer human settlements.

对吧？

Right?

我认为，随着农村地区的人口减少，过去在山区的小村庄里住着很多人。

So I think also with the depopulation of the rural areas, whereas in the smaller villages aligning the mountains, there used to be a lot more people living there.

现在空房子多了很多。

Now there's a lot more empty houses.

是的

Yep.

所以我认为在过去的几年，也许几十年前，如果一头熊进入村庄，会被那里的人吓跑。

And so I think in previous years, maybe, you know, a few decades ago, if a bear came into the village, they would be scared off by the humans there.

但现在熊下来时，那里没有人，它们就会想，哦，这里有好多没摘的柿子，还有好多没摘的栗子。

But now the bear is coming down and there's no humans there, and they're like, oh, here's a bunch of persimmons that are unpicked and there's a bunch of chestnuts that are unpicked.

让我好好享用这些吧。

Let me just feast on these things.

然后它们看到了人类。

And then they see the humans.

我认为熊并不是因为想攻击人类才发动攻击的。

And then I think the bears are not really attacking because they're like, I wanna attack humans.

它们攻击是因为它们吓坏了。

They're attacking because they're freaked out.

它们不知道该怎么办，突然看到这些人，而且如果你看网上很多视频，熊都是从意想不到的地方突然袭击这些人。

They don't know what to do, and they see these people and they because if you see a lot of the the footage online, the bears are ambushing these people just out of nowhere.

是的

Yeah.

对

Right.

我认为这更像是一种本能反应。

And I think it's more of a reflex.

是的

Yeah.

有个很吓人的故事，一位老人在温泉旅馆工作，他在建筑后方清理树叶之类的杂物。

There there was a really scary story of this, old guy who was working at an onsen, like a hot bath, and he was outside the back of the building, clearing leaves or something.

熊突然出现，一爪子拍了他，他就没命了。

And the bear just came up and swiped him, and that was the end of him.

他只是在好好做自己的事，但因为这些熊正在侵入人类居住区，这类遭遇是不可避免的。

And he he was just kinda minding his own business, but but because these bears were in you know, encroaching on human settlements, you know, these encounters are, like, bound to happen.

是的

Yeah.

我以前没想过这一点，但确实说得通，另一个气候变化的问题是，由于冬季变短、夏季变长且更热，熊的冬眠模式正在改变。

I I didn't think about this before, but it it kinda makes sense that, the other climate change issue is because the winters are getting shorter and the summers are getting longer and hotter, the bears' hibernation patterns are changing.

因此，它们一年中醒着并四处游荡的时间更长了。

So they're actually awake and wandering around for a longer time during the year.

是的。

Yeah.

我听说它们只在特别寒冷、积雪很多的地区，比如德岛，才会真正冬眠。

I heard that they only really hibernated in the really cold and areas with a lot of snow like Tokugu.

好吧。

Okay.

因为比如，我曾经在十一月去奥内志保的山区徒步，当时我看到雪地上有熊留下的冻硬的脚印。

Because for example, I've been hiking in, well, it was November, I was hiking in the mountains of like Okuchiibo and I was following frozen bear tracks in the snow.

真的吗？

Oh, really?

真的吗？

Really?

就在山脊上。

Like on the ridge.

我当时想，好吧。

And I was like, okay.

所以也许它们冬眠的时间晚了很多。

So maybe that's maybe or maybe they're hibernating a lot later.

也许只在十二月、一月才冬眠。

Maybe it's more like December, January only.

是的。

Yeah.

当然，这取决于地区。

It depends on the the region, of course.

但我冬天在关西地区徒步时，也见过熊的足迹。

But I've hiked in the winter and I've seen bear tracks here in Kansai.

所以

So

哦，你说到点子上了。

Oh, there you go.

所以是这样。

So yeah.

那么它们并不一定都会冬眠。

They they don't necessarily all hibernate then.

这很有趣。

That's interesting.

是的。

Yeah.

关于徒步时遇到熊的问题，正如我所说，尽管我爬过500座山，却只遇到过一次熊。

In terms of encountering bears when you hike, like I said, I've only encountered one despite climbing 500 mountains.

所以如果你碰巧遇到熊，那真是运气差极了，除非你真的、真的想看到熊。

So you're if you run into a bear, consider yourself very unlucky unless you really, really wanna see a bear.

是的。

Yeah.

今年夏天，我还在福岛县的安达摩山一个非常偏僻的地方徒步。

Even this summer I was hiking in Fukushima Prefecture, a really remote area of the Azuma Mountains.

那绝对是熊出没的地区，我随身携带了防熊喷雾作为预防措施，但根本没看到任何熊。

Definitely in bear country, I had bear spray with me as a precaution, but didn't see any bear at all.

对。

Right.

对。

Right.

所以我觉得人们有一种印象，认为只要进山，就一定会遇到熊，而且熊还会攻击你。

So I think there's this image of, oh, if you go into the mountains, you're gonna see bears, and they're gonna attack you.

但我认为这并不完全正确。

And I think that's just not entirely true.

这当中确实存在一些夸大成分，因为你知道，这虽然不算耸人听闻，但确实是一条引人注目的新闻。

There's definitely an element of hype because this is you know, it's not sensational, but it's a striking piece of news.

它非常富有情感冲击力。

It's very emotional.

对吧？

Right?

所以每个人都报道这些报道。

And so everyone reports on the reports.

因此感觉除了熊之外，就是海啸、地震和熊袭击。

And so it feels like there's nothing but bear it's tsunamis, earthquakes, and bear attacks.

没错。

Exactly.

没错。

Exactly.

是的。

Yeah.

我的意思是，相比前两年，或者去年经历了有史以来最多的熊袭击事件，这确实是一个上升趋势。

I I mean, I I would say there's definitely a trend upwards compared to last like like, the last two years or last year has seen the biggest number of bear attacks ever.

但但但，就像你说的，如果你遇到熊，那真是极其倒霉，我觉得。

But but but but, like you said, if you meet a bear, you're incredibly unlucky, I would have thought.

是的。

Yeah.

当然。

Definitely.

日本政府也在尝试采取一些应对措施，比如调动自卫队，进行更多的捕杀，以及开展熊类演练和培训项目，我认为这些是必要的，正如你提到的，还有人工智能的应用。

And the Japanese government is trying to to they have some countermeasures that they're trying to do as well, bringing in the self defense force and the, you know, getting doing more culling and, you know, bear drills and training programs, which I think are necessary, and the AI as you mentioned as well.

你之前提到日本的狼，说他们过度捕杀，导致狼群被彻底消灭。

The point you made before that with the wolf in Japan, that they overdid it with the culling, and they just wiped them out.

我以前从未想过这一点，但人类确实有可能从一个极端走向另一个极端。

And I'd I'd never thought of that, but it's it's definitely possible that humans can go to go from one extreme to the other.

是的。

Yeah.

但愿如此。

Let's hope.

但愿不会如此。

Let's let's hope not.

他们不会这么做。

They don't do it.

我喜欢新的AI监控系统和追踪熊的无人机这个想法。

I like I like the idea of, new AI surveillance systems and drones that track bears.

听起来挺酷的。

That sounds kinda cool.

因为如果你能在人类聚居区附近给足够多的熊做标记，或许就能建立一个预警系统。

Because if you if you can tag enough bears near human settlements, I guess you could have, like, an early warning system.

对吧？

Right?

是的。

Yeah.

当然。

Definitely.

而且如果你不是彻底猎杀所有熊，这种方式对熊群和自然的破坏性会小得多。

And it's less it's less destructive to, well, definitely the bear population and nature if you're not culling absolutely all of them.

是的。

Yeah.

我知道，说到熊的遭遇和活动，我记得去年或者前年有一只熊在上高地附近出没。

I know that, speaking of bear encounters and bear activity, I believe it was either last year or the year before there was a bear roaming around Kamikochi.

哦，真的吗？

Oh, really?

他们因此关闭了小坂平的露营地，因为有一只熊过来试图翻找垃圾桶。

And they to close the campsite there at Konashidaira because a bear was coming in and trying to get into the trash cans.

后来，我认为它确实攻击了一个人，导致对方受了轻伤，但这种事情时有发生。

Then it was, and I think it actually did attack someone who received minor injuries, but that happens.

等等。

Wait.

韦斯，我刚想到一个我们下一个科技创业点子。

Wes, I've just had an idea for our next IT startup.

我们可以制造带熊喷雾的AI监控无人机，你把它放在背包里随身携带。

We'll make AI surveillance drones with bear spray, and you carry them in your backpack.

对吧？

Right?

当你看到熊时，你按下手机上的一个按钮，它就会从你的背包里弹出来。

And then when you see a bear, you you press a button on your phone, and it it shoots out from your backpack.

它会朝熊飞去，并向它喷洒驱熊喷雾。

It goes towards the bear, and it sprays it with bear spray.

同时还会播放重金属音乐来吓跑它。

And it plays heavy metal music as well to scare it.

这是一种非致命性的安全防范措施。

And so it's a nonlethal it's a nonlethal safety precaution you can take.

这太疯狂了。

Where's It's insane.

看看这个。

Take a look.

我们来为这个新创业项目争取资金吧。

Let's let's get funding for a new start up.

熊类用品公司。

Bears R Us.

我不知道。

I don't know.

我不知道这家公司该叫什么名字。

I don't know what we call the company.

但这太疯狂了。

But it's insane.

再说一遍，看看那些数据，日本发生了大约200起袭击事件。

It's like, again, just looking at those figures that there were, like, 200 attacks in Japan.

我的意思是，200起袭击事件，而人口才150万左右，等等，不对。

I mean, 200 attacks in a population of a 150 well, actually, no.

日本的人口是多少？

What's the population of Japan?

1.2亿？

120,000,000?

那是什么？

What is that?

是的。

Yeah.

差不多是那样。

Something like that.

200起袭击，发生在两亿人口中，就像是……

200 attack 200 attacks in a population of 200,000,000 is like yeah.

我的意思是，这不算太吓人，但比以前多了。

I mean, that's that's not too scary, but it's more than before.

是的。

Yeah.

而且我说过，大多数袭击都发生在东北地区。

And like I said, the majority of attacks have been in Tohoku.

东北地区。

Tohoku.

对。

Right.

而且在长野、新潟一带也有几起。

And a and a few in Nagano, Niigata kind of area.

但是

But

我听说在青梅和高尾山附近有熊出没的报告。

I did hear there were some bear sightings in Ome and, like, near Takausan.

我听说在岚山有熊出没的目击记录。

I heard there was a bear sighting in Arashiyama.

真的吗？

Really?

在京都？

In Kyoto?

是的。

Yeah.

哇。

And Wow.

虽然这可能是真的，但那可能只是游客被误认为是熊。

While that might be true, it could have been a tourist in a bear sighting.

游客？

A tourist.

对吧？

Right?

是的。

Yeah.

我的意思是，有可能。

I mean, it could.

不。

No.

京都确实有熊。

There there are bears in Kyoto.

所以，如果你在北京都的山区徒步，你会看到警告熊出没的标志之类的。

So if you hike in the mountains of Northern Kyoto, you you will see beware of bear signs and so forth.

但是，

But,

说实话，你不觉得野猪更吓人吗？

Honestly speaking, don't you find wild boars are more scary?

嗯，那些是夜行性的，所以你通常看不到它们

Well, those are nocturnal, so you don't really see them

哦，原来如此。

Oh, okay.

除非你晚上徒步。

Unless you hike at night.

然而，在神户后面的罗科山，

Unle however, in the Roko Mountains, just behind Kobe

是的。

Yeah.

是的。

Yeah.

对。

Yeah.

它们白天变得活跃起来，因为知道可以得到免费的食物。

They've kinda become active in the daytime because they know they can get free handouts.

是的。

Yeah.

我曾在罗科山见过野猪。

I saw an Inoshishi in I think it was Rocco.

我当时正在那里徒步，看到它从我面前走过。

I was actually hiking there, and I saw it, and they, like, walked in front of me.

我吓坏了，因为我知道它们会冲过来。

And I was absolutely terrified because I know they'll charge.

对吧？

Right?

是的。

Yeah.

他们会的。

They will.

它们个子不高，但身体结实。

And they're they're not tall, but they're solid.

我确定它们真能把你打得很惨。

And I'm sure they could really mess you up.

所以。

So

哦，是啊。

Oh, yeah.

当然了。

For sure.

我

I

我的意思是，是的。

mean Yeah.

是的。

Yeah.

是的。

Yeah.

但我觉得是的。

But I think yeah.

我的意思是，去山区确实有危险，但被熊攻击的可能性很低。

I mean, there's there there are dangers when you can go to the mountains, but I would say being attacked by a bear is pretty low on that

是的。

Yeah.

对。

Right.

对。

Right.

对。

Right.

对于徒步旅行的人来说，最常见的事故原因是迷路。

So for people hiking, the most common cause of accidents is getting lost.

是的。

Yep.

这绝对是第一位的，毫无疑问。

That's the number one, without a doubt.

然后其次是健康问题，比如摔倒、受伤。

And then after that, health issues are a big one, falls, falling down, injuring yourself.

但我觉得，你被黄蜂蜇到的可能性远大于被熊袭击。

But I would say you're more likely to get stung by a hornet than you are to get attacked by a bear.

是的。

Yeah.

对。

Right.

对。

Right.

然而，我认为我们的听众更想知道，如果我们遇到熊该怎么办。

However, I think our listeners probably want to realize what we should do if we encounter a bear.

没错。

Exactly.

所以

So

你可能问错人了，因为我只遇到过一次熊。

And you're probably asking the wrong person because I've only had one bear encounter.

随身携带防熊喷雾。

Do carry bear spray.

我要说，除非熊在攻击前给你一些警告，否则防熊喷雾可能无法保护你免受熊的攻击。

I will say bear spray is probably not gonna protect you from a bear attack unless the bear gives you some kind of warning before it attacks.

如果你被偷袭了啊。

If you get ambushed Ah.