我们热衷的爱好

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我真的很喜欢做手工。所以开始尝试数字油画，但后来没坚持下去。

So I really like doing crafts. So I started doing a painting by numbers, but I stopped doing it.

在我更年轻的时候，我曾上过吉他课想学弹吉他，但我不喜欢课上练习的曲目，也没能弹好那些课程要求的曲子。

When I was much younger, I had lessons to try and learn to play the guitar, but I didn't enjoy playing what we had in the lessons, and I didn't get good at playing the things we had in the lessons.

大家好，欢迎收听《学习英语语法》。我是贝丝。

Hello, and welcome to Learning English Grammar. I'm Beth.

我是尼尔。我们刚听到皮帕和菲尔谈论他们喜欢但放弃的爱好。我想我们都希望能花更多时间精力做热爱的事，而这期节目正是关于我们喜爱的事物——特别是那些我们渴望投入更多时间的事情。

And I'm Neil. We've just heard Pippa and Phil talking about hobbies they enjoy but stop doing. I think we all wish we could spend more time and effort doing things we love and that's what this episode is all about things we enjoy, but especially things we'd like to spend more time on.

语法部分，我们将学习以ing结尾动词的三种用法（比如painting），并听到一些动词后接'to'的实例。

And for the grammar, we'll learn three uses of verbs that end in ing like painting and hear some examples of verbs followed by 'to' as well.

您可以通过我们网站bbclearningenglish.com的文稿同步阅读本期播客内容。

You can read along with this podcast using the transcript on our website bbclearningenglish.com.

那么尼尔，你有什么怀念的爱好吗？

So Neil, are there any hobbies that you miss doing?

是的，我喜欢跑步。但我已经有一阵子没跑了，脚踝受伤了。

Yeah, I like running. But I haven't run for a while. I hurt my ankle.

哦，天哪。

Oh, dear.

所以现在有点困难。但我真的很喜欢跑步。

So it's a bit difficult now. But I really like running.

是啊。好吧。我其实很喜欢游泳，但游得不够勤。虽然很享受，就是去得不多。

Yeah. Okay. I really like swimming, but I don't do it as often as I should. I really enjoy it, but I just don't go very often.

嗯。贝丝，该重回泳池了。

Yeah. Get back to the pool, Beth.

你也该重新跑起来了。对了，我刚和皮帕、菲尔聊了他们的爱好。之前我们听到皮帕说她总爱动手做手工，但常常半途而废。

And you get back running. Okay. I chatted with Pippa and Phil about their hobbies. Earlier, we heard Pippa say she starts craft projects, but often doesn't finish them.

让我们继续听这段对话。在听的过程中，请回答这个问题：菲尔说他年轻时曾尝试学习做什么？

Let's listen to more of the conversation. As you listen, answer this. What does Phil say he tried to learn to do when he was young?

嗯，我有点做事虎头蛇尾的习惯。我其实很喜欢做手工，希望能有始有终完成一个项目。或许我该报个班？菲尔你也有这种情况吗？

Well, I have a bit of a habit of starting a project and not finishing it. So I really like doing crafts. I want to start a project and finish it. I think I need to join a class maybe. Do you find that, Phil?

是啊，某些方面确实如此。比如我酷爱听音乐，但从未能演奏任何乐器。年轻时我上过吉他课想学弹吉他，但我不喜欢课上教的曲目，也弹不好那些练习曲。

Yeah. With certain things. I mean, I love listening to music, but I've never been able to play anything. And when I was much younger, I had lessons to try and learn to play the guitar, but I didn't enjoy playing what we had in the lessons. And I didn't get good at playing the things we had in the lessons.

我怀念那种像孩子般奔跑嬉戏的感觉。

I miss, like, running around and playing and being like a child.

大学时社交很容易，大家都在一起。而现在抽时间难，碰面地点也难协调。

Like, at university, socializing was very easy because everyone was together. Whereas now finding time is difficult, getting to where people are is difficult.

菲尔提到他曾上吉他课学习弹奏（learn to play），但他说不喜欢课堂演奏（enjoy playing）。这里'学习弹奏'用了带to的不定式，而'喜欢演奏'用了动词play的-ing形式。

So Phil said he used to have lessons to learn to play the guitar. But he also said he didn't enjoy playing the music in his class. So learn to play, that's using the infinitive form with to, and enjoy playing, that's using the -ing form of the verb play.

没错。英语中两个主要动词连用时，何时用不定式何时用-ing形式容易混淆。不过别担心，我们的语法专家乔治准备了一份实用指南来帮你理清规则。

Yes. When we have two main verbs next to each other in English, it can be confusing to know when to use the infinitive and when to use the -ing form. But don't worry, our resident grammar guru, Georgie, can help with a handy list of dos and don'ts.

大家好。我们首先来理清这类动词之间的区别。在英语中，当两个主要动词连续出现时，第二个动词需要使用-ing形式（即动名词），例如watching、working、eating，或者带to的不定式形式，例如to watch、to work、to eat。

Hi guys. Let's start by clearing up the difference between these kinds of verbs. So when we have two main verbs next to each other in English, the second verb needs to be in the -ing form also known as a gerund. For example, watching, working, eating or in the infinitive form with to. For example, to watch, to work, to eat.

那么乔治，怎么

So Georgie, how

学习者才能知道该用哪种动词形式呢？

do learners know which verb form to use?

嗯，这个问题确实很难，因为没有严格的规则。有些动词后面必须接-ing形式，有些则要接带to的不定式，基本上只能靠记忆。比如want、need、learn、decide、offer和hope这些动词，后面必须跟带to的不定式。你不能说'I hope winning the competition'。

Well, this Beth is really difficult because there's no strict rule. Some verbs need to be followed by the -ing form and some verbs need to followed by to with the infinitive and you kind of just have to learn them. So there are some verbs that must always be followed by the infinitive with to. Examples of these are want, need, learn, decide, offer and hope. So you can't say I hope winning the competition.

那样听起来很奇怪。你必须说'I hope to win the competition'。

It sounds weird. You have to say I hope to win the competition.

明白了。那哪些动词后面可以接-ing形式呢？

Okay. And which verbs can be followed by ing?

比如我们之前听到的miss和enjoy就是两个例子。皮帕说她怀念四处奔跑玩耍的感觉，菲尔说他不太喜欢在吉他课上弹奏音乐。这些动词后面必须接-ing形式，其他例子还包括suggest、avoid和fancy。好了，我现在倒挺想教教你们其他-ing形式的用法。

Well, the verbs miss and enjoy are two examples we heard earlier. Pippa said she misses running around and playing and Phil said he didn't enjoy playing the music in his guitar lessons. They need to be followed by a verb in the ing form and other examples include suggest avoid and fancy. Right. I fancy teaching you about other ing forms now.

我有个小毛病，总是开始一个项目却没能完成它。

I have a bit of a habit of starting a project and not finishing it.

好的。我们刚听到动词starting以ing形式出现，但它跟在介词of后面。这里是什么语法现象呢？没错，当介词后面接动词时，

Okay. We just heard the verb starting in the ing form, but it came after the word of. So what's going on there? Right. If we have a preposition and then

动词必须采用-ing形式。皮帕说她有开始项目的习惯。of是介词。我们也听到菲尔这样说过。

a verb, the verb must be in the -ing form. Pippa said she has a habit of starting a project. Of is a preposition. We also heard Phil say this.

而且我没能熟练掌握课程里那些曲目的演奏。

And I didn't get good at playing the things we had in the lessons.

这里介词at后面跟着playing。他不擅长演奏课堂上的音乐。这条规则同样适用于短语动词——即由动词和介词组成的固定搭配，比如wake up（醒来）、get on（相处）、give up（放弃）。由于菲尔不喜欢他的课程，他放弃了弹吉他。

So we had the preposition at followed by playing. He wasn't good at playing the music in class. And this rule is the same for phrasal verbs. So a phrasal verb is a verb and usually a preposition together, like wake up, get on, give up. Because Phil didn't enjoy his classes, he gave up playing the guitar.

Give up是个短语动词，所以后续动词必须用-ing形式。

Give up is a phrasal verb, so the next verb has to be in the -ing form.

我们还听到菲尔说大学时社交很容易，而现在很难抽时间。为什么这里的socialising和finding要用-ing形式呢？

We also heard Phil say that at university, socialising was easy and that now finding time is difficult. Why are socialising and finding in the -ing form here?

好问题。当动词作为句子的主语时，需要使用-ing形式。通常主语是句子或从句的第一个词。比如可以说：学习动词不定式和-ing形式可能会让人困惑。或者说：完成手工艺品是皮帕想要开始做的事情。

Good question. Well, when a verb is the subject of a sentence, it needs to be in the -ing form. Often the subject is the first word in a sentence or clause. So I could say learning about ing and infinitives can be confusing. Or finishing crafts is something Pippa wants to start doing.

我们来总结一下。在want、need和learn等动词后使用to加不定式。在enjoy和miss等动词后使用-ing形式。介词后也使用-ing形式，包括短语动词。如果动词是句子的主语，同样使用-ing形式。

So let's recap. Use to and the infinitive after verbs like want, need and learn. Use the -ing form after verbs like enjoy and miss. Also use an -ing form after a preposition, including phrasal verbs and use an -ing form if the verb is the subject of the sentence.

哇，使用动词变得简单多了。谢谢你，乔治。

Wow. Using verbs just got much easier. Thanks, Georgie.

不客气。下次见，拜拜。

No problem. See you next time. Bye.

好的，我们来玩个游戏练习所学内容。尼尔，我会开始一个句子，你需要用动词的-ing形式或带to的不定式来完成它。看看你能否在尼尔之前完成句子。准备好了吗？

Okay. Let's play a game to practice what we've learnt. So Neil, I'm going to start a sentence and you need to finish it with a verb in the -ing form or the infinitive with to. See if you can finish the sentence before Neil. Are you ready?

当然准备好了。

I sure am.

我太饿了。我想要

I'm so hungry. I want

吃一大包薯片。

to eat a big bag of chips.

你说得我都饿了。好吧，下一个。早晨，我真的很享受去

You're making me hungry. Okay. Next one. In the morning, I really enjoy Going

上班。

to work.

真的吗？好吧，不错。我想念

Really? Yeah. Okay. Good. I miss

拜访我的学校朋友。他们都住得好远。

Visiting my school friends. They all live so far away.

别哭。

Don't cry.

好吗？

Okay?

你有哪些喜欢但做得不够多的爱好？请通过发送邮件至learningenglish@bbc.co.uk告诉我们。

What hobbies do you enjoy doing but you don't do enough of? Let us know by emailing us at learningenglish@bbc.co.uk.

本期节目到此结束。我了解到菲尔并不喜欢在吉他课上演奏音乐。

That's it for this episode. I've learnt that Phil didn't enjoy playing the music in his guitar lessons.

而我了解到你很想念跑步。等脚踝好些后你需要重新开始。

And I've learnt that you miss running. You need to start again when your ankle's better.

确实如此。下周我们将继续学习更多语法技巧。在此期间，你可以在我们网站上通过练习题测试本集所学内容。我们还稍微谈及了短语动词，对此我们有完整的系列讲解。

I really do. We'll be back next week to learn some more grammar tips. In the meantime, you can test what you've learned in this episode with the worksheet on our website. And we spoke a bit about phrasal verbs. We have a whole series on them.

欢迎访问bbclearningenglish.com网站，跟随我们的语法专家Georgie学习短语动词。

Look for phrasal verbs with Georgie, our grammar guru, on our website, bbclearningenglish.com.

暂时先到这里，再见。

Goodbye for now.

再见。

Bye.