19. 被动动词形式

你正在收听卢克的英语播客。

You're listening to Luke's English podcast.

如需更多信息，请访问 teacherluke.podomatic.com。

For more information, visit teacherluke.podomatic.com.

大家好，欢迎收听卢克的英语播客。

Hello, and welcome to Luke's English podcast.

我已经很久很久没有做一期了。

It's been ages and ages since I last did one.

我最近一直忙于很多事情，但主要是我的音乐。

I've been really busy with lots of things, but mainly my music.

我目前在两个乐队里。

I'm in two bands at the moment.

学校乐队将于8月14日星期五在谢泼德布什的布鲁克格林酒店举行音乐会。

The school band is playing a concert at the Brookgreen Hotel in Shepherds Bush on Friday August 14.

我表弟的乐队叫Niche，这个星期六将在Big Chill音乐节演出。

And my cousin's band, are called Niche, are playing at the Big Chill Festival this Saturday.

我在两个乐队里都打鼓。

I'm playing drums in both bands.

所以我一直在为这两个乐队练习。

So I've been busy practicing with those bands.

此外，我还在学校教暑期英语课程。

Also, I've been teaching general English summer courses at my school.

这些课程通常非常繁忙，因为学校学生很多，老师必须自己编写教材。

They're usually very busy because we have lots of students in the school and the teachers have to write their own material.

我们并不是每天都用课本。

We don't use books every day.

所以我的全部精力都放在了音乐和工作上。

So I've been using all my energy on music and work.

不过，现在我有时间来做一期播客了。

Anyway, now I have some time to do a podcast.

所以，欢迎所有给我发消息的人。

So hello to everyone who has sent me a message.

我没有时间一一提到你们的名字。

I don't have time to name you all.

这个播客正变得越来越受欢迎。

The podcast is becoming more and more popular.

我通过电子邮件、Twitter和网页的评论框收到了很多消息。

I'm getting messages via email, Twitter, and my comments box on the web page.

如果你在 iTunes 上收听，请访问我的网站，网址是 http/ 不对。

If you're listening on iTunes, go to my site which is http/ no.

稍等一下。

Hold on.

http://teacherluke.podomatic.com。

Httpcolon//teacherluke.podomatic.com.

所以，如果你访问我的网站，就可以阅读这个播客的全部文字稿。

So if you go to my site, you can read a transcript of everything in this podcast.

今天我非常慷慨，提供了完整的文字稿。

I'm being very generous today, and I'm providing a whole transcript.

别忘了，如果你是俄罗斯商人或沙特石油大亨，可以给我捐款。

Don't forget, if you are a Russian businessman or perhaps a Saudi oil shake, you can send me money as a donation.

大概两百万英镑就很好了。

About £2,000,000 would be nice.

这笔钱应该能帮我多制作几期播客，然后我就去加勒比海退休了。

That should help me make a few more podcasts before I retire to The Caribbean.

实际上，我从这个播客中一分都没赚到，目前纯粹是出于热爱在做。

Actually, I have made absolutely no money from this podcast, and at the moment, I'm doing it just for the love.

这个播客里有很多有用的内容。

Now there is useful stuff in this podcast.

在今天的播客中，你将学到被动语态的具体用法和原因，以及这些被动结构的发音。

In today's podcast, you're going to learn about exactly how and why we use passive forms, some pronunciation of these passive forms.

会有真实的例子。

There will be real examples.

语法将得到细致的讲解。

The grammar will be carefully explained.

我会提供发音练习，以及英式英语的句子供你模仿，帮助你更准确地开口说话。

I'll provide pronunciation drills, sentences in British English for you to copy and help your accurate speaking.

所以，基本上就是这样。

So that's basically it.

停。

Stop.

语法时间。

Grammar time.

没错。

That's right.

各位女士们先生们，现在是语法时间。

It's grammar time, ladies and gentlemen.

这个语法点是关于被动语态的。

And this grammar point is about passive verbs.

在高级阶段，语法学习会更加深入，因此也变得更加理论化和复杂。

Now at higher levels, the study of grammar becomes more in-depth, and as a result of this, it becomes a lot more theoretical and complicated.

因此，它变得难以理解，有时还很枯燥。

So it becomes difficult to understand and sometimes boring.

我相信你们所有人都上过那种枯燥的语法课，根本听不懂，只想让人犯困。

I'm sure you've all had those boring grammar classes in which you don't really understand anything and just make you fall asleep.

然而，为了全面理解英语的运作方式以及错误产生的原因等，语法是必须学习的。

Well, however, in order to get a full understanding of how the English language works and why mistakes are made, etcetera, grammar has to be studied.

此外，使用多种语法结构是流利高级口语的一个特征。

Also, using a range of grammatical forms is a feature of good fluent advanced speaking.

因此，能够在口语中正确使用被动语态非常重要。

So being able to use passive forms correctly in your speaking is very important.

被动语态在英语中使用频率很高，而且确实如此。

Passive forms are used a lot in English, and honestly, are.

在我看来，学生在学习被动语态时会遇到三个难点。

In my opinion, there are three difficult things for students to deal with when studying the passive.

可能第一个是复杂的结构。

Probably number one is the complicated form.

用被动语态在不同时态和情态动词后构造句子非常困难。

It's hard to manipulate sentences using the passive in different tenses and after modal verbs and so on.

这是因为涉及大量复杂的助动词和过去分词。

This is because of all the difficult little auxiliary verbs and past participles.

第二点是理解被动语态的使用方式和原因。

Number two is understanding how and why the passive is used.

许多学生说他们知道如何构造被动句，但不知道何时应该使用它们。

Many students say they know how to construct passive sentences but don't know when they should use them.

第三点是被动语态的发音。

Number three is the pronunciation of passive forms.

当母语者使用被动语态时，很难听清所有那些辅助词。

It can be very difficult to hear all those little words used when native speakers use passive forms.

如果你不是母语者，正确发音所有这些词也很困难。

Also, it's difficult to pronounce all those words correctly if you're not a native speaker.

因此，在本播客中，我将讨论被动语态、它的使用原因，以及各种不同动词形式的句子发音。

So in this podcast, I'm going to talk about the passive form, why it is used, and the pronunciation of some sentences with a variety of different verb forms.

所以在这期播客的后面，你会听到一些发音练习，你可以而且应该用它们来提升你的发音。

So later in this podcast, you will hear some pronunciation drills which you can and should use to develop your pronunciation.

那么第一个问题，被动形式是什么？

So number one then, what are passive forms?

我不会深入探讨这个领域。

Well, I'm not going to go into great depth about this area.

你可以查看课本的背面，或者查阅一本好的语法书，了解被动形式在不同时态和某些动词后的变化。

You can look at the back of your textbook or in a good grammar book to look at how the passive form changes in different tenses and after certain verbs.

不过，这里简要概述一下被动形式是什么。

Nevertheless, here is a basic overview of what passive forms are.

明白吗？

Okay?

显然，你有被动形式。

So obviously, you have passive forms.

我们也有主动形式。

We also have active forms.

主动句比被动句更常见。

Active sentences are more common than passive forms.

通常在学习一门语言时，你会先学习主动形式。

And usually when you're learning a language, you learn the active form first.

举个例子，一个主动句可能是：迈克尔·杰克逊写了这首歌。

So as an example, an active sentence might be, Michael Jackson wrote this song.

明白吗？

Okay?

在这里我们有主语、谓语、宾语。

So there we've got subject, verb, object.

主语是迈克尔·杰克逊。

Subject, Michael Jackson.

谓语是写了，宾语是这首歌。

Verb, wrote, and the object is this song.

在主动句中，主语——在这个例子中是迈克尔·杰克逊——是实际执行动作的人。

Now in an active sentence, the subject, in this case Michael Jackson, is the one who actually does the verb.

对吧？

Right?

所以在这个例子中，迈克尔·杰克逊写了这首歌。

So in this case, Michael Jackson wrote the song.

他坐在钢琴前，写下了这首歌。

He sat down in front of a piano and wrote it.

所以迈克尔·杰克逊是这个动词的执行者。

So Michael Jackson is the agent of the verb.

所以执行者就是做这个动作的人。

So the agent is the one who does the verb.

所以在主动语态句中，主语也是执行者。

So in an active sentence, the subject is also the agent.

明白吗？

Okay?

对吧？

Right?

所以，施事显然位于句子的开头。

So the agent, obviously, is at the start of the sentence.

它被包含进来是因为它很重要。

It's included because it's important.

对吧？

Right?

或者因为它才是句子的主题。

Or because it's the topic of the sentence.

例如，如果问题是：谁写了这首歌？

So for example, if the question is, who wrote this song?

那么说迈克尔·杰克逊写了它就很重要。

It's important to say Michael Jackson wrote it.

但有时候，把这句话用不同的顺序或方式表达会更好。

But sometimes, it's better to put that sentence in a different order or in a different way.

所以你可能会使用被动语态。

So you might use a passive form.

好吧？

Okay?

所以，例如，这首歌是由迈克尔·杰克逊写的。

So that would be, for example, this song was written by Michael Jackson.

好吧？

Okay?

这首歌是由迈克尔·杰克逊写的。

This song was written by Michael Jackson.

从这个意义上说，那是一个被动句。

Now in that sense that's a passive sentence there.

在被动句中，这里的施事者——即执行动作的人——并不在句首。

And in the in the passive sentence, the agent here, the agent, the one who does the verb, is not at the start.

它实际上是在动词之后。

It's it's actually after the verb.

所以它是句子的宾语。

So it's in it's object of the sentence.

所以这首歌是由迈克尔·杰克逊创作的。

So the song was written by Michael Jackson.

明白吗？

Okay?

我的意思是，这可能出于几种原因。

So, I mean, that might be done for a couple of reasons.

可能是因为这首歌才是最重要的部分。

It might be that this song is the the most important part.

所以这是句子的主题。

So that's the topic of the sentence.

我们在谈论这首歌。

We're talking about this song.

你知道吗？

You know?

所以如果你在收音机里听到这首歌，比如，你可能会说：哦，我喜欢这首歌。

So if you hear the song on the radio, for example, you could say, oh, oh, I love this song.

你的朋友会说，是的。

And your friend will say, yeah.

比如，这首歌是迈克尔·杰克逊写的。

It was written by Michael Jackson, for example.

明白吗？

Okay?

我会进一步详细说明为什么使用被动语态，但这些只是主动句和被动句的两个例子：主动句是‘迈克尔·杰克逊写了这首歌’，被动句是‘这首歌是由迈克尔·杰克逊写的’。

I'll go into more details about exactly why the passive form is used, but those are just two examples of an active sentence, Michael Jackson wrote this song, and a passive sentence, this song was written by Michael Jackson.

当然，在被动句中，你总是需要使用助动词‘be’和过去分词。

Of course, in a passive sentences, you always have to have the auxiliary verb be and a past participle.

在这种情况下，因为是过去简单时态，助动词是‘was’。

In this case, because it's a past simple sentence, the auxiliary verb is was.

所以，这首歌是由迈克尔·杰克逊写的。

So this song was written by Michael Jackson.

现在，在被动语态中，结构是不同的。

Now in passive in passive sentences, the form is different.

正如我所说，你必须使用 be 助动词。

Like I said, you have to have the the be auxiliary verb.

在许多情况下，句子中根本不会包含动作的执行者。

In many cases, the agent is not included in the sentence at all.

明白吗？

Okay?

所以，我们来看一个例子。

So if you take the example, let's see.

这封信被寄出了。

The letter was posted.

这封信被寄出了。

The letter was posted.

在这种情况下，也许谁寄出它并不重要。

In that case, perhaps it's just not important to say who posted it.

重要的是这封信被送到了邮局。

The important thing is that the letter went to the post office.

对吧？

Right?

所以信被寄出了。

So the letter was posted.

在这种情况下，执行动作的主体（施事）在句子中没有被提及。

So in that case, the agent, the one who did it, is not included in the sentence.

但如果要提及施事，通常会使用介词如‘by’。

So but if the agent is included, then you usually use a preposition like by.

例如，这首歌是由迈克尔·杰克逊创作的。

For example, this song was written by Michael Jackson.

明白吗？

Okay?

好的。

Alright.

所以本质上，它是一个‘be’助动词加上过去分词。

So essentially though, it's a be auxiliary verb and then a past participle.

明白吗？

Okay?

现在第二点，为什么使用被动语态？

Now point two, why is the passive used?

嗯，有时人们认为被动语态并不是必需的。

Well, it's sometimes thought that passives are are not necessary.

我遇到的一些学生说，他们觉得母语者根本不用被动语态，老师教它只是因为必须教。

Some students that I meet say that they don't think native speakers even use them, and the teachers teach them just because they have to.

有些学生在句子中根本不用被动形式，这正是他们无法突破中级水平的原因之一。

Some students just don't use passive forms in their sentences, which is one of the reasons why they don't go beyond an intermediate level.

我可以肯定地说，当老师教授语法结构时，是因为这些结构对提升你的英语水平至关重要。

One thing I can say for sure is that when teachers teach grammar forms, they do it because they're essential for the improvements of your English.

当然，不要忘记，高级使用者会使用多种语法结构和词汇。

Don't forget, of course, advanced speakers use a variety of grammatical forms and vocabulary.

因此，被动语态对你的英语来说非常有用、非常常见、也非常重要。

So, of course, passive forms are very, very useful, very common, and very important for your English.

被动语态使用得很多，也很有用，但为什么以及如何使用呢？

Now passive forms are used a lot and they are useful, but why and how?

我会给你们列出一些使用被动语态的原因。

Well, I'm gonna give you a list of reasons why the passive is used here.

明白吗？

Okay?

一个原因是动作的执行者未知。

So one reason is the agent is unknown.

也就是说，做这个动作的人或事物是未知的。

So the person or the thing that did the verb is not known.

我们根本不知道是谁做的。

We just don't know who did it.

例如，你可以说：披萨怎么了？

So for example, you could say, what happened to the pizza?

它被吃掉了。

It was eaten.

被谁？

By who?

我们不知道。

We don't know.

明白吗？

Okay?

那信呢？发生了什么？

Or what happened to the letter?

它被寄出了。

It was posted.

也许我们就是不知道谁寄了它，但事实是它被寄出了。

Maybe we just don't know who who posted it, but the fact is it was posted.

其次，动作的执行者可能根本不重要。

Secondly, the agent maybe is just not important.

就像信的例子一样。

Just like the letter example.

你可以说这封信已经寄出了。

You could say the letter was posted.

我不在乎是谁做的。

It I don't care who did it.

我只庆幸这封信已经寄出了。

I'm just glad that it was posted.

明白吗？

Okay?

另一个关于披萨的例子是，我不在乎是谁做的。

Another example about the pizza might be, I don't care who did it.

我只是生气我的披萨被吃掉了。

I'm just angry that my pizza was eaten.

我本来打算稍后吃的。

I'm going I was going to eat it later.

明白吗？

Okay?

所以在这种情况下，谁做的并不重要。

So in that case, it's not important who did it.

另一个原因是，执行动作的主体是显而易见的。

Another reason is that the agent or the one who does the verb is obvious.

明白吗？

Okay?

例如，如果他说银行劫匪被逮捕了。

So for example, if he said the bank robber was arrested.

银行劫匪被逮捕了。

The bank robber was arrested.

显然，是警察逮捕了他，因为他们通常就是这么做的。

Obviously, it was the police who arrested him because they usually do that.

所以在这种情况下，我们不需要说那是警察干的，因为这显而易见。

So in that case, we don't need to say that it was the police because it's obvious.

在某些情况下，动作或过程比执行者更重要。

In some cases, the process or the action of the verb is more important than the agent.

明白吗？

Okay?

所以通常，动词所表示的动作本身比谁实施了这个动作更重要。

So often it might just be the the action of the verb is more important than actually who did it.

例如，你可以说：我只是很生气，我的披萨已经被吃掉了。

So for example, you could say, I'm just annoyed that my pizza has been eaten already.

我连一口都没吃到。

I didn't even get a chance to have any.

在这里，最重要的事是披萨被吃掉了，而不是到底是谁吃的。

So there, the the most important thing is that the pizza was eaten, but not not who who actually did it.

明白吗？

Okay?

对吧。

Right.

让我给你一些真实的例子。

So let me give you some some actual real examples.

明白吗？

Okay?

现在听这段关于迈克尔·杰克逊去世的BBC新闻报道。

So now listen to this BBC news story about Michael Jackson's death.

明白吗？

Okay?

这段文字包含了10个被动语态。

Now this text contains 10 passive forms.

其中许多被动语态还使用了不同的时态。

Many of those passive forms are used in different tenses as well.

明白吗？

Okay?

但请重点关注这10个被动语态。

But focus on the 10 passive forms.

你能找到它们吗？

Can you find them?

好吗？

Okay?

现在，在你听新闻报道之前，让我先解释一些你将听到的单词。

Now before you listen just before you listen to the news report, let me explain some of the words which you will hear.

好吗？

Okay?

第一个词是急救人员。

Now the first word is paramedics.

急救人员。

Paramedics.

急救人员基本上就是驾驶救护车的医生。

Now paramedics are just basically doctors who drive ambulances.

所以如果有紧急情况，急救人员会乘救护车赶到。

So if there's an emergency, the paramedics arrive in ambulances.

所以他们基本上就是驾驶救护车的医生。

So they're like doctors who drive ambulances, basically.

下一个词是比佛利山庄，比佛利山庄。

The next word is Beverly Hills Beverly Hills.

我想每个人都知道比佛利山庄。

Now I expect everyone knows Beverly Hills.

它是加利福尼亚州的一个地区，许多名人住在那里。

It's an area in California where lots of famous people live.

下一个词汇是发生心脏骤停。

The next bit of vocabulary is to suffer a cardiac arrest.

发生心脏骤停。

To suffer a cardiac arrest.

心脏骤停就是心脏病发作。

A cardiac arrest is a heart attack.

当心脏出现问题并停止跳动时，就会发生这种情况。

It's when your heart has a problem and stops beating.

这太可怕了。

It's horrible.

动词是‘经历心脏骤停’，意思是发生心脏病发作。

And the verb is to suffer a cardiac arrest, and it means to have a heart attack.

明白了吗？

Okay?

下一个词是‘打算做某事’。

Next one is to be due to do something.

打算做某事。

To be due to do something.

如果某事即将发生，那就意味着它已经被安排好了，或者因为有计划而即将发生。

If something is due to happen, then it means it has been arranged to happen or it's going to happen because it is planned.

明白了吗？

Okay?

这就是‘打算做某事’。

That's to be due to do something.

比如，迈克尔·杰克逊原定要在伦敦举办一场演唱会。

So like Michael Jackson was due to perform a concert in London.

明白了吗？

Okay?

他本来要做的。

He was going to do it.

这是计划好的。

It was planned.

下一个词汇是抢救某人。

The next vocabulary is to resuscitate someone.

抢救某人。

To resuscitate someone.

这意味着通过电击、人工呼吸或胸外按压等方式使人恢复生命。

This means to bring someone to life using maybe electricity or, you know, breathing or pumping the chest.

当某人因濒临死亡而失去意识时，医生会尝试抢救他们，使其恢复生命。

So when someone is is unconscious because they're dying, doctors try to resuscitate them to bring them back to life.

下一个词汇是尸检。

The next bit of vocabulary is a post mortem.

尸检。

A post mortem.

这是在某人去世后对尸体进行的医学检查。

And this is a medical examination of a body after someone has died.

它也被称为尸检或死后检查。

It's also called an autopsy or a postmortem.

明白吗？

Okay?

以下是关于迈克尔·杰克逊的BBC新闻报道。

So here is the BBC news story about Michael Jackson.

我来读给你听。

I'm going to read it to you.

其中有10个被动语态。

There are 10 passive forms.

你能找出来吗？

Can you find them?

我们开始吧。

Here we go.

流行巨星迈克尔·杰克逊在洛杉矶去世，享年50岁。

Pop star Michael Jackson has died in Los Angeles aged 50.

周四中午左右，急救人员接到呼叫，前往这位歌手位于比弗利山庄的家中，当时他已停止呼吸。

Paramedics were called to the singer's Beverly Hills home at about midday on Thursday after he stopped breathing.

两小时后，他在加州大学洛杉矶分校医学中心被宣布死亡。

He was pronounced dead two hours later at the UCLA Medical Centre.

杰克逊一直有健康问题，原定于7月13日起在英国举行一系列复出演唱会。

Jackson, who had a history of health problems, had been due to perform a series of comeback concerts in The UK beginning on the July 13.

据信他当时遭遇了心脏骤停。

He is believed to have suffered a cardiac arrest.

杰克逊的兄弟杰曼代表杰克逊家族表示，医生曾尝试抢救这位巨星超过一个小时，但未能成功。

Speaking on behalf of the Jackson family, Michael's brother Germaine said doctors had tried to resuscitate the star for more than an hour without success.

杰克逊的遗体被从加州大学洛杉矶分校运往洛杉矶县法医办公室，进行了尸检。

Jackson's body was flown from UCLA to the LA County coroner's office where a post mortem was carried out.

结果尚未公布。

The results have not yet been published.

上个月，当杰克逊计划的四场复出演唱会被推迟时，人们对他的健康状况产生了担忧，但组织者坚称，日期变更是因为组织这场演出的难度。

Concerns over Michael's health were raised last month when four of Jackson's planned comeback concerts were postponed, but organizers insisted the dates had been moved due to the difficulty of organizing the show.

明白了吗？

Okay?

这就是BBC的报道。

So that is the BBC story.

里面共有十个被动语态，但它们分别是哪些呢？

There are 10 passive forms in there, but what what were they?

好吧，现在我来给你们解释一下。

Well, let me explain them to you now.

第一个例子是：急救人员被召至歌手在比弗利山庄的家。

The first example was paramedics were called to the singer's Beverly Hills home.

所以，急救人员被召来了。

So paramedics were called.

这是一个一般过去时的被动句。

That's a past simple passive sentence.

那么，为什么这里使用被动语态呢？

Now why is the passive used here?

事实上，谁叫了救护车并不重要，或者我们根本不知道是谁叫的。

Well, the fact is it's not important, or we just don't know who actually called the paramedics.

这并不重要。

That's not important.

事实上，急救人员被召到了这位歌手位于比弗利山庄的家中。

The fact is that paramedics were called to the singer's Beverly Hills home.

我们不知道是谁叫了他们，而且这也不重要。

We don't know who called them, and it's not important.

第二个例子是，他被宣布死亡。

The second example was, he was pronounced dead.

他被宣布死亡。

He was pronounced dead.

而现在这是过去简单被动语态。

And now that's past simple passive.

为什么使用它？

Why is it used?

很明显，医院的医生宣布他死亡了。

Well, it's obvious that doctors at the hospital pronounced him dead.

我们不需要说明是谁宣布他死亡的，因为显然这是医生做的。

We don't need to say who pronounced him dead because obviously it was doctors who did it.

明白吗？

Okay?

第三个例子是，杰克逊原本计划举办一系列复出演唱会。

A third example is, Jackson had been due to perform a series of comeback concerts.

现在这是过去完成被动语态。

Now that's past perfect passive.

他原本计划举办一系列复出演唱会。

He had been due to perform a series of comeback concerts.

为什么使用它？

Why is it used?

实际上，这个句子不可能转化为主动语态。

Well, actually, it's impossible it's impossible to put this sentence into an active form.

be due to do something 是一个固定的被动表达。

To be due to do something is just a fixed passive expression.

所以它在主动语态中实际上并不会出现。

So it doesn't really happen in the active form, really.

第四个例子是：他被认为遭受了心脏骤停。

The fourth example was, he is believed to have suffered a cardiac arrest.

这是现在简单被动语态。

That's present simple passive.

显然，医生、专家或记者都认为他遭受了心脏骤停。

Now obviously, again, it's obvious that doctors or experts or journalists believe that he suffered a cardiac arrest.

事实上，只是人们相信他遭受了心脏骤停。

The fact is that it's just really people believe that he suffered a cardiac arrest.

你其实不需要说‘是人们’。

You don't really need to say that it's people.

这很明显。

It's obvious.

第五个例子是：杰克逊的遗体被运送了。

Fifth example was Jackson's body was flown.

杰克逊的遗体被运送了。

Jackson's body was flown.

这是过去时。

Now that's past simple.

那么为什么用这个结构呢？

Now why is it used?

因为我们不知道，或者不重要，或者很明显是谁驾驶了飞机。

Well, we don't know or it's unimportant or it's obvious who flew the plane.

这个故事的重点不是飞行员。

The story isn't about the pilot.

这个故事讲的是杰克逊的遗体。

The story is about Jackson's body.

所以更恰当的说法是杰克逊的遗体被运到了洛杉矶。

So it's it's more appropriate to say Jackson's body was flown to Los Angeles.

明白吗？

Okay?

而不是说约翰·史密斯把杰克逊的遗体运到了洛杉矶。

Rather than saying John Smith flew Jackson's body to Los Angeles.

没人关心约翰·史密斯。

No one cares about John Smith.

对吧？

Right?

除了可能约翰·史密斯和他的家人。

Except maybe John Smith and his family.

但对我们大多数人来说，重要的是杰克逊的遗体发生了什么？

But for most of us, the important information is what happened to Jackson's body?

在这种情况下，遗体被运到了洛杉矶。

Well, in this case, it was flown to Los Angeles.

第六个例子是进行了尸检。

Example number six is a postmortem was carried out.

进行了尸检。

A postmortem was carried out.

这是过去简单时态，过去简单被动语态。

That's past simple tense, past simple passive tense.

同样，很明显是医生进行了尸检。

And again, it's obvious that doctors carried out the postmortem.

我们不会指望除了医生之外的任何人来做尸检。

We we wouldn't expect anyone else to carry out a postmortem other than doctors.

对吧？

Right?

第七个例子是结果尚未公布。

Example number seven is the results have not yet been published.

结果尚未公布。

The results have not yet been published.

这是现在完成时的被动语态。

This is present perfect passive.

为什么使用它？

And why is it used?

为什么这里使用被动语态？

Why is the passive used here?

同样，我们不知道是谁公布了这些报告，或者这不重要，或者显而易见是谁公布的。

Well, again, we don't know or it's not important or it's obvious who published the reports.

现在，你知道，可能是医生、律师之类的人。

Now it's, you know, it's probably doctors or lawyers or something.

同样，这并不是重要的信息。

Again, that's not the important information.

重要的信息是结果尚未公布。

The important information is that the results haven't been published yet.

我们其实并不关心是谁发布的。

We don't really care who publishes them.

对吧？

Right?

重要的是它们是否已经被发布了。

It's just that they have or haven't been published.

第八个例子是，上个月有人对迈克尔的健康状况表示担忧。

Number eight, example eight is concerns over Michael's health were raised last month.

对迈克尔健康的担忧是在上个月被提出的。

Concerns over Michael's health were raised last month.

这是过去时的被动语态。

That's past simple passive.

为什么使用它？

And why is it used?

嗯，我们不知道。

Well, we don't know.

我们其实不知道谁担心了。

We don't know actually who who was concerned.

我们只知道有一些人担心了。

All we know is that just some people were concerned.

对吧？

Right?

我们不知道具体是谁。

We don't know who exactly it it was.

我觉得这其实就是泛指一般人，所以很明显。

I think it's just really people in general, so it's obvious.

把‘担心’作为名词放在句首，比说‘人们担心了’更好。

Putting the concern at the beginning as a noun is better than saying people were concerned.

重要的是‘担心’这件事，而不是那些人。

The important thing is the is the concern, not the people.

所以是‘对迈克尔健康的担忧在上个月被提出来了’。

So it's concerns over Michael's health were raised last month.

好吧？

Okay?

例子九：杰克逊计划的四场复出演唱会被推迟了。

Example number nine is four of Jackson's planned comeback concerts were postponed.

杰克逊计划的四场复出演唱会被推迟了。

Four of Jackson's planned comeback concerts were postponed.

所以，'被推迟'是被动语态部分。

So it's were postponed is the the passive bit.

这是过去时的被动语态。

That's past simple passive.

为什么要用它？

Why is it used?

显然，这些演唱会是由杰克逊的经纪人和主办方推迟的。

Well, obviously, they were postponed by Jackson's managers and promoters.

对吧？

Right?