6. 吸血鬼！/ 词汇：描述感受与情绪

你正在收听卢克的英语播客。

You're listening to Luke's English podcast.

如需更多信息，请访问 teacherluke.podomatic.com。

For more information, visit teacherluke.podomatic.com.

向所有播客世界的听众们问好。

Hello to everyone out there in podcast land.

非常感谢你们下载本播客。

Thanks very much for downloading the podcast.

现在是星期六的午餐时间，外面天气非常美好。

It's a Saturday lunchtime right now, and it's a beautiful day outside.

阳光明媚。

The sun is shining.

天空湛蓝，而我正坐在室内，面对着电脑。

The sky is blue, and I'm sitting here indoors in front of a computer.

所以，显然我的优先级安排得没错，对吧？

So obviously, I've got my priorities right, haven't I?

我觉得我一说完这个，就会出去享受这美好的天气。

I think that as soon as I finish this, I'm gonna go outside and enjoy the good weather.

因为说实话，在伦敦，天气并不总是好的。

Because to be honest, here in in London, the weather isn't always good.

当天气好的时候，你必须尽量好好享受。

You've got to try and make the most of it when it is good.

所以我不该坐在这里对着电脑，对吧？

So I shouldn't be sitting here in front of a computer, should I?

我应该出去享受阳光。

I should be out there enjoying the sunshine.

所以我很快就会去这么做。

So I will be doing that soon.

首先，我想再次感谢你们下载这个播客。

So first of all, I'd like to say thank you again for downloading the podcast.

在我的播客页面上，我可以查看到全球各地的所有下载记录。

On my podcast page, I can see all of the downloads that I've had all over the world.

这真是太棒了，因为我能看到一张世界地图，上面有小旗帜显示我的播客在哪些地方被下载了。

And it's it's fantastic actually because, I get, like, a map of the world with little flags that show where I've been downloaded.

人们在加拿大，甚至在加拿大北部遥远的地方听我的节目。

And, people are listening to me in, in Canada, somewhere way up in the North Of Canada.

我在美国中部、多伦多、爱尔兰、整个英国、西班牙、阿尔及利亚（北非）以及荷兰都有人收听。

I'm being listened to in the middle of America, in Toronto, Ireland, all over The UK, in Spain, in Algiers in North Africa, as well as that are being downloaded in Holland.

有些人正在卢森堡听我的节目。

Some people are listening to me in Luxembourg.

让我看看。

And let's see.

还有哪里？

Where else?

意大利的米兰、希腊、土耳其的伊斯坦布尔。

Milan in Italy, Greece, Istanbul in Turkey.

我在哈萨克斯坦和中国的一些地方都有听众。

I'm being listened to in Kazakhstan and a couple of places in China.

有些人正在韩国下载我的内容。

Some people are downloading me in South Korea.

我在日本被收听，特别是在东京和札幌。

I'm being listened to in Japan, in in Tokyo, and in Sapporo as well.

能够这样与世界各地的人交流真是太棒了，我非常享受这个过程。

So it's really great to be able to communicate with people all over the world like this, and I'm enjoying it very much.

别忘了给我发消息。

Don't forget to send me a message as well.

我真的很想听到你们的声音。

I really like to hear from you.

让我们看看。

Let's see.

在今天的播客中，特别环节里，我将谈论吸血鬼。

In today's podcast, in the feature section, I'm going to be talking about vampires.

我知道我之前说过我要谈论男女话题。

Now, I know that before I said I was going to be talking about men and women.

嗯，实际上我改变主意了。

Well, actually, I've changed my mind.

在这期播客中，我不打算谈论男女了。

I'm not going to talk about men and women in this podcast.

这次我要讲吸血鬼。

It's going to be about vampires instead.

这是因为我原本计划谈论男女，但那部分内容还没准备好。

That's because I was planning to talk about men and women, but that's not ready.

那期播客还没准备好。

That podcast isn't ready yet.

我已经采访了一些人关于这个话题，但我还想再采访更多人。

I've interviewed some people about that, but I'd like to interview some more people as well.

所以现在还没准备好。

So it's not ready yet.

你们得等到下次才能听到关于男女的内容。

You'll have to wait until probably next time to hear about men and women.

所以，这一期的主题是吸血鬼。

So instead, this one is about vampires.

这是因为最近有几部电影上映了。

Now that's because there are a couple of movies which have come out recently.

第一部是《暮光之城》，这是一部美国电影，最近刚发行了DVD。

The first one being Twilight, which is an American film which recently has been released on DVD.

另一部是瑞典电影《生人勿进》。

And another film is a Swedish movie called Let the Right One In.

它们都是吸血鬼题材的电影，而且都非常受欢迎。

And they're both vampire movies, both very popular.

所以，我首先会谈谈《暮光之城》，这部非常非常受欢迎的吸血鬼电影，尤其受青少年喜爱。

And so I'm going to, first of all, talk about Twilight, which is this very, very popular vampire movie, particularly popular with teenagers.

然后我会探讨吸血鬼在流行文化中的形象，以及吸血鬼在文学和电影中的历史，并讨论为什么吸血鬼如此受欢迎？

And then I'm going to be talking about vampires in popular culture, the history of vampires in literature and movies, and talking about what why are vampires so popular?

它们究竟意味着什么？

What do they really mean?

吸血鬼身上有什么特质让我们觉得它们有趣？

What is it about vampires that makes them interesting for us?

好吗？

Okay?

所以这是特色部分。

So that's the feature section.

然后在语言部分，我会教你们一些用来描述情绪和感受的实用词汇。

Then in the language section, I'm going to teach you some useful vocabulary you can use to describe emotions and feelings.

比如描述害怕、恐惧、悲伤、震惊、非常开心、非常生气、失望的不同方式。

That's like different ways of describing being scared or being frightened, being sad, being shocked, being very happy, being very angry, being disappointed.

有很多非常实用的词汇，你可以在描述事物或讲述自己经历时使用。

Lots of really good useful language that you can use just when you're describing things or when you're describing things that happened to you.

我会把词汇和定义写在网页上，然后你可以开始使用它们，把它们融入你的日常词汇中。

I will write the vocabulary and the definitions on the web page, and then you can start using them and making them part of your normal vocabulary.

所以你可以期待在语言部分看到这些内容。

So you can look forward to that in the language section.

我知道你是什么。

I know what you are.

你快得不可思议，力量也超强。

You're impossibly fast and strong.

你的皮肤苍白如纸，冰冷刺骨。

Your skin is pale white and ice cold.

你害怕吗？

Are you afraid?

我只害怕失去你。

I'm only afraid of losing you.

这是电影《暮光之城》中的一个片段。

That's a clip from the movie Twilight.

如果你没听出来，她说的是：我知道你是什么。

And if you didn't catch that, she said, I know what you are.

你快得不可思议，力量也超强。

You're impossibly fast and strong.

你的皮肤苍白如纸，冰冷刺骨。

Your skin is pale white and ice cold.

他说，你害怕吗？

And he says, are you afraid?

她回答，我只害怕失去你。

And she said, I'm only afraid of losing you.

嗯，她确实应该害怕，因为事实证明，这个家伙是个吸血鬼，你敢信吗？

Well, she should be afraid really because it turns out that this guy is a vampire, believe it or not.

现在，《暮光之城》是一部极其受欢迎的电影。

Now, Twilight is a massively popular film.

它非常火爆。

It's huge.

它尤其受到少女们的喜爱。

It's it's particularly popular with teenage girls.

它改编自斯蒂芬妮·梅耶的一系列小说。

It is based on a series of books by Stephenie Meyer.

这些书目前是亚马逊网站上排名第一的畅销书。

The books are currently the number one bestsellers on amazon.com.

这是一整套书籍，它们在全球都非常非常受欢迎。

It's a whole series of books, and they're all very, very, very popular all over the world.

基本上，这就是新的《哈利·波特》，去年上映的第一部电影取得了巨大成功。

Basically, this is the new Harry Potter, and the first movie which was released last year is massive.

明白吗？

Okay?

尤其是青少年，特别是少女群体。

Especially with teenagers and especially with teenage girls.

《暮光之城》讲述了一个叫贝拉的女孩，她的父母离婚了。

Now, Twilight is about a girl called Bella whose parents split up.

因此，她不得不搬去和父亲一起住在一个小镇，并且要上一所新学校。

So she has to move to a small town with her dad, and she has to go to a new school.

通常，在这类好莱坞电影中，当青少年转入新学校时，都会遇到一些典型的问题。

Now normally, in these Hollywood films where a teenager has to go to a new school, you get the usual problems.

例如，他们发现很难交朋友。

For example, they find it difficult to make friends.

也许他们会遭到学校里一些恶劣学生的欺凌。

Perhaps they get bullied by sort of nasty members of the school.

但这部电影中并没有发生这种情况。

But this doesn't really happen in this film.

贝拉去了新学校，实际上其他孩子都非常友好。

Bella goes to the new school, and actually, the the other kids are very friendly.

她和他们相处得很好。

She gets on very well with them.

但发生的是，她觉得学校里的其他孩子其实有点单纯。

But what happens is that she thinks that the other kids at the school are actually a bit simple.

他们看起来相当基础，甚至有点傻。

They seem to be quite sort of basic and a bit stupid, really.

她注意到学校里另一群人显得有些奇怪和神秘，他们不和其他学生混在一起。

She notices another group of people at the school who seem a bit strange and a bit mysterious, and they don't hang around with all the other kids at the school.

而且他们看起来非常浪漫。

And they look very kind of romantic looking.

他们看起来有点哥特风，神秘而有趣。

They look a bit gothic and very mysterious and interesting.

尤其是其中一个人，名叫爱德华，她对他产生了极大的兴趣。

And one of them in particular, whose name is Edward, she becomes very fascinated with.

我们来看看。

And let's see.

她很快就被爱德华深深吸引，觉得他非常迷人。

She she quickly becomes very attracted to Edward, and she thinks that he's very fascinating.

但她不知道他为什么一直躲着她。

But she she she doesn't know why he keeps avoiding her.

就像我之前说的，结果发现，他是个吸血鬼。

Now, like I said before, it turns out that, well, he's a vampire.

我觉得我并没有剧透这部电影的任何秘密。

I don't think I'm giving away any secrets about the film there.

这是一部吸血鬼电影。

It it is a vampire movie.

所以后来发现他是个吸血鬼，但他不是一个坏吸血鬼。

So it turns out he's a vampire, but he's not a he's not a bad vampire.

不像德古拉那样的吸血鬼。

Not like someone like Dracula, for example.

因为他和他的小吸血鬼家族都不是坏吸血鬼。

Because him and his little vampire family, they're not bad vampires.

他们是好吸血鬼，因为他们不杀人。

They are good vampires because they they don't kill people.

他们不喝人的血。

They don't drink people's blood.

他们捕捉动物，喝动物的血，并且能避开人类就尽量避开。

What they do is they they catch animals and they drink animal blood, and they avoid people if they can.

明白吗？

Okay?

所以他们基本上是善良的吸血鬼。

So they're they're basically good vampires.

现在，基本上发生的是，贝拉和爱德华显然彼此非常吸引，并且相爱了。

Now, basically, what happens is that Bella and Edward, they they obviously are very attracted to each other and they fall in love.

但他们非常害怕会彼此失控，因为如果爱德华失控，变得太热情，他就无法控制自己，会咬她。

But they are very afraid that they will lose control with each other because basically if Edward loses control, if he gets too passionate, then he won't be able to stop himself and he'll bite her.

明白吗？

Okay?

所以你看到的是一种带有吸血鬼主题的青少年校园爱情片，核心是浪漫元素——这两个人深爱着对方，却无法真正在一起，因为他是个吸血鬼。

So what you've got is a kind of teenage romance high school movie with a vampire theme and the fact and a and a romantic element with the fact that these two people love each other, but they can't really be together because he's a vampire.

实际上，我是在挪威看的这部电影。

Now I actually saw this film in Norway.

几个月前我在奥斯陆，那是个周六晚上，我一个人没事可做。

I was in Oslo a couple of months ago, And it was a Saturday night, and I had nothing to do because I was there on my own.

于是我决定去看这部电影。

And I decided to go and see this film.

它在当地电影院上映。

It was showing at the local cinema.

我去了一趟电影院，电影开始前，影院里几乎没人。

And I went to the cinema, and before the film started, I was almost alone in the cinema.

所以我想，好吧。

So I thought, okay.

行吧。

Fine.

我可以安静地坐在这里看电影。

I'm just gonna be able to sit here quietly and watch the movie.

但慢慢地，越来越多的人来了，影院里挤满了年轻的挪威女孩和我。

But slowly but surely, more and more people arrived and the cinema basically filled up with lots of teenage Norwegian girls and me.

对吧？

Right?

于是我独自坐在那里，周围全是这些年轻的挪威女孩。

So I'm sitting there on my own surrounded by all these teenage Norwegian girls.

对吧？

Right?

我的意思是，我并不是在抱怨什么。

Which, I mean, I'm not complaining or anything.

那倒也不算糟，但有点奇怪。

It wasn't bad, but it was a bit strange.

电影开始了，第一次看到爱德华时，这些女孩都疯了。

And the the movie starts, and the first time you see Edward, these girls just went crazy.

我的意思是，她们都在咯咯笑、大笑，互相交谈。

I mean, they're all giggling and laughing and talking to each other.

显然，爱德华这个角色在外头的女生中非常受欢迎。

Now, obviously, Edward is is a very popular character with the with the girls out there.

而那位演员实际上叫……

And the actor actually is called look.

我想不起他的名字了。

I can't remember his name.

我想他叫罗伯特·帕丁森。

I think he's called Robert Patterson.

他出演过几部其他电影。

And he's been in a couple of other movies.

他最著名的作品是在《哈利·波特》系列中饰演塞德里克·迪戈里。

Most famously, he played said Cedric Diggory in the Harry Potter series.

在这部电影中，他被塑造成非常英俊，深受少女们的喜爱。

And in this film, he's made to look very handsome indeed, and he's very popular with the teenage girls.

就像我之前说的，《暮光之城》是一部非常非常受欢迎的吸血鬼电影。

And like I said before, Twilight is a very, very popular vampire film.

现在，我想谈一谈电影和文学中的吸血鬼。

Now what I'd like to do now is just talk about vampires in movies and in literature.

我下面要说的内容基于我听过的一场讲座，主讲人是著名学者克里斯托弗·弗雷林爵士，实际上就是克里斯托弗·弗雷林爵士。

And what I'm going to say here is based on a lecture that I heard by the great academic whose name is Christopher Frailing, actually, sir Christopher Frailing.

他还是英国艺术协会的主席，是一位杰出的学者，也是流行文化领域的专家。

He's also the head of the Society of Arts here in in The UK, and he's a great academic and an expert on popular culture.

所以这指的是文学和电影之类的东西。

So that's things like literature and and movies.

他做了一场关于流行文化中吸血鬼的讲座。

And he gave a lecture about, vampires in popular culture.

所以我会给你们简要总结一下他所说的内容。

So I'm going to give you a kind of summary of what he said.

吸血鬼的传说实际上起源于十八世纪。

So the the vampire myth really started in the eighteenth century.

当时，人们之间流传着一些关于吸血鬼和吸血生物的故事。

And in at that time, there were stories that people told each other that involved vampires and blood suckers and so on.

那时，吸血鬼是一种乡村人物，源自农业社会的民间传说。

And at that time, the vampire was a kind of, let's say, a countryside figure, a rural folklore figure from agricultural society.

明白吗？

Okay?

实际上，那时候的吸血鬼是生活在乡村的工人阶级劳动者。

So actually, in that time, vampires were working class laborers who worked in the countryside.

而吸血鬼的故事在最初出现时，涉及大量迷信和非常原始的社会。

And the vampire story, when it first started, involved lots of superstition and some very primitive societies.

明白吗？

Okay?

所以，这些故事是人们口口相传的，吸血鬼与某种民间传说有关。

So it's the kind of it it was part of stories that people told each other by word-of-mouth, and the vampire was related to a kind of folklore myth.

这些故事主要源于东欧。

These stories were based in Eastern Europe, basically.

然后在1816年，日内瓦湖畔举行了一场著名的恐怖作家聚会。

Then in 1816, on Lake Geneva, there was a very famous meeting of a number of famous horror writers.

其中包括拜伦、雪莱和玛丽·戈德温。

They included Byron, Shelley, and Mary Godwin.

他们在日内瓦湖度过暑假，但天气非常糟糕。

They had their summer holidays there at Lake Geneva, and the weather was terrible.

明白吗？

Okay?

所以他们用来娱乐的方式就是互相讲非常吓人的恐怖故事。

So what they did for entertainment was they told each other very scary horror stories.

这些恐怖故事后来成为了我们现在所熟知的一些最著名的恐怖故事。

And these horror stories became some of the most famous horror horror stories that we know now.

比如《弗兰肯斯坦》、《化身博士》，我想是这样的。

Things like Frankenstein, Doctor Jekyll, mister Hyde, I think.

除此之外，还有拜伦讲述的第一个吸血鬼故事。

And as well as that, the first vampire story, which was told by Byron.

现在，他的故事讲述了一位贵族，他四处引诱年轻男子。

Now his story was about a lord who went around corrupting young men.

这意味着他让这些年轻人变得不道德，沉迷于性与酒精，却对教会毫无兴趣。

So that means he he went around making these young men immoral, interested in sex and alcohol, but not interested in the church.

这个故事发生在希腊，这位贵族最终以一种浪漫的方式死去，就像德古拉一样，然后在月光下复活。

The story was set in Greece where this lord finally dies a romantic death, bit like Dracula, and then is brought back to life in the moonlight.

因此，这实际上是第一个展现出我们如今所熟知的吸血鬼形象的故事。

So it's really the first vampire story that that showed vampires as we know them now.

这与古老的民间传说不同，在拜伦的故事中，吸血鬼不是乡村人物，不会在乡下咬羊之类的。

And it was different to the old folklore stories because in these news in in the the Byron story, the vampire is not a a rural character, not in the countryside biting sheep and things.

现在的吸血鬼是一个上层阶级的人物，并且被性化了，是一种具有性魅力的人。

Now the vampire is a high class character and is sexualized, a kind of sexual person.

此外，这个新的吸血鬼故事也反映了十九世纪上层贵族所拥有的不良声誉。

Also, this new vampire story kind of looks at the bad reputation that upper class aristocrats had in the nineteenth century.

因此，在十九世纪后期，这个故事被许多人重复和重写。

So then later in the nineteenth century, the story gets repeated and rewritten by lots of people.

其中一些内容发生了变化。

Some of the things change.

例如，出现了女性吸血鬼，还有一些类似的情节。

For example, you get female vampires as well and and some things like that.

但有些元素保持不变。

Some of the things stay the same.

例如，故事的背景地点。

For example, the location.

这些故事几乎都基于西欧天主教地区的边缘地带。

Pretty much all of these stories are based on the edge of Western Catholic Europe.

所以在西欧边缘的某个地方，我们不太清楚那里究竟发生了什么。

So somewhere else on the on the edge where we don't quite know what happens on the edge of Western Europe.

如今，最著名的吸血鬼故事是布拉姆·斯托克的《德古拉》。

Now the most famous telling of the vampire story is Dracula by Bram Stoker.

这是每个人都知道的版本，并且被反复讲述了很多次。

This is the version that everybody knows and which has been repeated many, many times.

在布拉姆·斯托克的《德古拉》故事中，吸血鬼故事的所有基本元素都被引入了。

Now in the Bram Stoker story of Dracula, all the basic elements of a vampire story are introduced.

明白吗？

Okay?

吸血鬼是一个强大的男人，一种领主或贵族，属于上层社会、与贵族有关的人物。

So the the the vampire is a powerful man, a sort of lord or an aristocrat, someone in in upper class society related to the aristocracy.

明白吗？

Okay?

他必须咬人，然后这些人就会变成吸血鬼。

He he he has to bite people, and then they become a vampire.

明白吗？

Okay?

他咬人的脖子。

He bites someone on the neck.

他有锋利的牙齿，尖锐的犬齿。

He has sharp teeth, sharp canine teeth.

吸血鬼讨厌十字架。

Vampires hate crosses.

阳光会杀死他们。

Sunlight kills them.

你可以用木桩杀死吸血鬼，木桩就像一根尖锐的棍子，刺进吸血鬼的心脏，就能杀死他们。

You can kill a vampire with a wooden stake, which is kind of like a sharp stick, and you stab the vampire in the heart, and that can kill them.

你也可以砍掉吸血鬼的头来杀死他们。

You can also kill a vampire by chopping its head off.

在这个故事中，吸血鬼可以改变形态。

Vampires in in this story can change shape.

它们可以变成蝙蝠，或者狗，或者狼。

They can become a bat or perhaps a dog or a wolf.

此后，所有这些经典的吸血鬼元素在大量后续电影和其他故事中被反复呈现，这正是我们现在所认知的吸血鬼形象。

Now all of these classic vampire elements get repeated in lots of movies after that and lots of other stories, and this is really what we now know a vampire to be.

德古拉最著名的形象之一来自英国汉默恐怖电影《德古拉》，由演员克里斯托弗·李饰演德古拉。

One of the most famous images of Dracula comes from the British hammer horror movie called Dracula, which starred the actor Christopher Lee as Dracula.

当人们想到德古拉时，常常会联想到克里斯托弗·李的表演。

And often when people think of Dracula, they see the Christopher Lee performance.

在电影中，克里斯托弗·李饰演的德古拉高大、英俊、迷人，有着尖利的牙齿。

And Christopher Lee in the movie is a very tall, handsome, charming Dracula with the sharp teeth.

明白吗？

Okay?

后来，在电影和布拉姆·斯托克塑造了这一德古拉形象之后，吸血鬼逐渐被‘驯化’，也就是说，他变得更贴近人类生活，更像我们普通人。

Now later on, after this image of Dracula is produced by movies and by Bram Stoker, later on, the vampire becomes domesticated, which means he he he he becomes closer to home and more similar to us.

例如，史蒂芬·金的小说《撒冷镇》以及其他好莱坞电影中就采用了这种设定。

So this is done in in, for example, books like Stephen King's book, Salem's Lot, and also other Hollywood movies.

因此，吸血鬼的整体形象得到了更新，被置于当代美国的普通日常环境中。

So the whole vampire thing gets updated, and it is put into contemporary modern America, a sort of normal everyday setting.

这是一种让吸血鬼显得更加恐怖和吓人的新方式。

So this is a new way of making vampires frightening and scary.

例如，吸血鬼可能就住在你家隔壁，甚至就在你家里。

So for example, a vampire can live on your street or even in your house.

他们不再仅仅生活在遥远国家的大城堡里，或乡下的某个地方。

They don't just live in a big castle in another country somewhere or in the countryside.

他们可以住在你的小镇上。

They can live in your town.

明白吗？

Okay?

此外，吸血鬼也被美国化了。

Also, vampire becomes Americanized.

这就被融入了普通的美国社会。

So that's put into normal American society.

现在，这是恐怖故事中非常常见的模式。

Now this is a very common pattern in horror stories.

许多恐怖传说起源于欧洲民间传说，不是通过文字记载，而是通过口口相传。

Many horror myths start as a European folk myth, so not written down by but but shared by by word-of-mouth.

然后，这些故事被十九世纪的英国作家写下来，之后又被改编成美国好莱坞电影，并进行了现代化更新。

Then the stories get written by nineteenth century British writers, and then later, they are made into American Hollywood movies, and they are updated.

因此，这是恐怖题材中非常常见的模式，我们可以在吸血鬼身上看到这种现象。

So it's a very common pattern in horror and one that we can see has happened with vampires.

所以，现在的吸血鬼变成了普通人，比如高中里的青少年。

So now the vampire is an ordinary person, like a teenager in a high school, for example.

因此，你会看到像电视剧《吸血鬼猎人巴菲》或电影《暮光之城》这样的作品。

So you get things like the TV program Buffy the Vampire Slayer or movies like Twilight, for example.

明白吗？

Okay?

首先，这更吓人，因为它让故事显得更真实一些。

And first of all, this is more scary because it makes it a bit more realistic.

但此外，这些吸血鬼电影的目标受众通常是青少年。

But also teenagers, for example, who are the target market for these vampire movies usually.

青少年能够与吸血鬼和吸血鬼电影产生共鸣。

Teenagers can relate to vampires and vampire movies.

而这些电影探讨的是一些影响普通美国人的议题。

And then these movies are about issues that affect normal American people.

明白吗？

Okay?

所以吸血鬼真的发生了变化，它从古老的东欧民间故事，经过十九世纪英国恐怖作家，一直延续到了现代美国好莱坞电影。

So the vampire has has really changed, and it has survived through from old old Eastern European folk stories through to nineteenth century British horror writers into modern day American Hollywood films.

因此，吸血鬼非常灵活、适应性强，能够生存下来。

So the vampire is is very flexible, very adaptable, and the vampire can survive.

你杀不死它。

You can't kill it.

你就是杀不死吸血鬼。

You just can't kill the vampire.

它总会在流行文化中生存下来，因为出于某种原因，它对我们来说非常有意义。

It will always survive in popular culture because for some reason, it's very meaningful for us.

我们可以在吸血鬼传说中看到许多对我们重要的、有意义的问题。

And we can see lots of important issues or meaningful issues to us in the vampire myth.

明白吗？

Okay?

所以吸血鬼电影就像一个隐喻。

So the vampire movie is like a metaphor.

明白吗？

Okay?

表面上看，它是一部恐怖片。

So on the surface, it's it's a scary movie.

明白吗？

Okay?

但在表面之下，吸血鬼电影让我们能够思考许多其他问题。

But underneath that, the vampire movie allows us to think about lots of other issues.

吸血鬼电影不仅仅是让人害怕，它还涉及许多与我们社会相关的不同议题。

And a vampire movie can be about more than just being scared, but it's also about a number of different issues that relate to us in society.

对吗？

Okay?

没错。

Right.

所以我会快速看一下许多吸血鬼故事中常见的几个主题。

So I'm gonna just quickly look at some of the themes that you can find in in many vampire stories.

对吗？

Okay?

所以你在吸血鬼电影中看到的第一个主题就是疾病主题。

So one of the first themes that you see in a vampire film is the theme of disease.

对吗？

Okay?

这是一个非常古老的题材，你可以在第一部吸血鬼电影《诺斯费拉图》中看到。

Now this is a very old theme, which you can see in the the first vampire film, which is called Nosferatu.

这是一部1921年的德国电影。

That's a German film from 1921.

在这部电影中，吸血鬼被表现为像鼠疫一样的存在。

In that film, the vampire is presented as as like a plague of rats.

好吗？

Okay?

所以，吸血鬼的咬伤就像一种感染血液的疾病。

So the the vampire's bite is like the bite of a disease which infects your blood.

好吗？

Okay?

这种疾病还会通过血液在人与人之间传播。

The disease spreads as well from person to person through the blood.

此外，还存在与诱惑和体液交换相关的性联系。

Also, there is a sexual connection with seduction and the exchange of body fluids.

明白吗？

Okay?

从这个意义上说，德古拉或吸血鬼可以被视为像艾滋病病毒这样的社会重大问题的隐喻。

So in that sense, Dracula or vampires can be seen as a metaphor for even something like the AIDS virus, which is a a big issue in society at the moment.

例如，如果你看弗朗西斯·福特·科波拉的电影《吸血鬼德古拉》，片中有一些场景展示医生在显微镜下观察某人的血液，发现其中感染了吸血鬼类型的微生物。

For example, if you look at Francis Ford Coppola's movie, which is called Bram Stoker's Dracula, there are scenes in that movie which show a doctor looking at someone's blood under the microscope and seeing that it's infected by the vampires' kind of microorganisms.

明白吗？

Okay?

因此，在许多吸血鬼小说和电影中，它们都是社会疾病的隐喻。

So in certainly, in a lot of vampire books and movies, they are a metaphor for disease in society.

此外，性欲也是吸血鬼故事和电影中的一个重要主题。

Also, sexuality is a big theme in vampire stories and movies.

吸血鬼在某种程度上是我们安全地审视情欲的一种方式。

Vampires are, in a way, a safe way for us to look at eroticism.

明白吗？

Okay?

所以吸血鬼确实是一个非常性欲旺盛的生物。

So the vampire really is a very sexual creature.

他常常引诱他的受害者。

Often, he seduces his victims.

他咬女性，然后把她们变成妓女。

He bites women and then turns them into whores.

对吧？

Right?

他出现在女性的卧室里。

He appears in women's bedrooms.

他咬脖子，吸出体液。

He bites on the neck, and he sucks out body fluids.

这些都是非常性暗示的意象。

These are all very sexual images.

还有咬人的欲望。

Also, the desire to bite.

而进食的行为就像性欲一样，属于一种罪恶的行为。

And it's and and to feed are like sexual desires, which is part of a sinful act.

明白吗？

Okay?

除了这些主题之外，还有对死亡或衰老的恐惧这一主题。

Now as well as those themes, you have the theme of the fear of death or growing old.

因此，吸血鬼既可以代表对死亡的恐惧，也可以代表永生不死的幻想。

So vampires can represent both the fear of death and the fantasy of immortality that's never dying.

所以，如果你喜欢战胜死亡的话。

So if you like beating death.

因此，成为吸血鬼可以让你逃避死亡，但你必须隐藏于社会之外并杀人。

So by becoming a vampire, you can escape death, but you have to hide from society and kill people.

所以，成为吸血鬼的悲剧在于，它将永生不死的幻想与必须逃离社会的悲剧结合在了一起。

So there is the tragedy of becoming a vampire, which combines the fantasy of never dying with the tragedy of having to escape from society.

还有，眼睁睁看着亲人衰老和死去的悲剧。

Also, tragedy of seeing your loved ones grow old and die.

你可以在汤姆·克鲁斯和布拉德·皮特主演的著名电影《夜访吸血鬼》中看到这一主题，这部电影探讨了永生以及为生存和保持不朽而必须杀人的悲剧。

And you can see that theme in the famous movie with Tom Cruise and Brad Pitt called interview with a vampire, which deals with the whole theme of immortality and the the the tragedy of having to kill in order to to survive and stay immortal.

你也可以在一些吸血鬼电影中看到毒品的主题。

You could also see the theme of drugs in some of these vampire films.

成为吸血鬼意味着你必须在夜间生活。

Being a vampire means that you have to live at night.

你的皮肤会变得非常苍白。

You become very pale skinned.

你需要吸食血液才能存活。

You need to drink blood in order to stay alive.

如果你不吸血，就会生病。

And if you don't, you get sick.

从这个意义上说，这有点像海洛因成瘾。

So in in that sense, it's similar to kind of heroin addiction perhaps.

像《迷失的男孩》这样的电影，由基弗·萨瑟兰主演，是一部1980年代的好莱坞电影。

Now movies like The Lost Boys with Keefer Sutherland, which is a nineteen eighties Hollywood movie.

很棒的电影。

Great movie.

我小时候和我哥哥一起看过。

I used to watch it when I was a kid with my brother.

我们很喜欢。

We loved it.

像《夜访吸血鬼》这样的电影探讨了纯真的丧失以及同龄人压力。

Movies like The Lost Boys are about loss of innocence and the pressure to copy people of your age.

要和你同龄的人做同样的事。

So do the same as as people of your age.

它们讲述了年轻人的诱惑以及加州年轻人的夜间毒品文化。

They're about temptation and the nighttime drug culture of young Californians.

在《夜访吸血鬼》中，讲述的是两个兄弟搬到加州一个海滨小镇，其中一个被当地一群吸血鬼引诱的故事。

In The Lost Boys, it's about two brothers who move to a small seaside town in California and how one of them becomes seduced by a group of vampires who live in the area.

对我来说，这部电影的潜台词就像是他成了一个吸毒者。

And for me, it's it's it's like the subtext of the film is like that he becomes a drug addict.

如果你看这部电影时，想象他不是一个吸血鬼，而是一个吸毒者，那么这部电影就会变得非常有意义，我认为。

And if you watch the film and imagine that he's not a vampire but a drug addict, it becomes very meaningful, I think.

好的。

Okay.

所以你可以看到，吸血鬼在我们的文化中有多么重要，以及它们有多么深刻的意义。

So you can see how vampires are kind of very important in a way in our culture and how meaningful they are.

有趣的是，吸血鬼电影为何能持续生存下来。

It's interesting how the vampire film continues to survive.

它从未真正消亡。

It never it never dies.

相反，它不断被重新诠释。

Instead, it gets revised.

它在变化，同时也成为我们审视社会各种问题的一种方式。

It changes, and it also becomes a way for us to look at various issues in society.

所以如果你还没看过《暮光之城》，我推荐你看看。

So if you haven't seen Twilight, then I I can recommend it.

我觉得这是一个关于初恋的非常甜蜜的故事，讲述了青少年初次坠入爱河时，多么难以控制自己的感情。

I thought it was a very sweet story about first love and how it can be very hard to lose control of your feelings when you first fall in love as a teenager.

它也探讨了激情、情感、吸引力的危险，以及当你初次坠入爱河时，那种令人困惑和恐惧的感觉。

It's also about the danger of passion and your emotions and the power of attraction and and how it can be very confusing and frightening when you when you first fall in love.

因为这些感受可能非常强烈，而这可能会让人感到相当害怕。

Because the feelings can be very strong, and that can be quite frightening.

不过我觉得这部电影有点俗气。

Now I thought the film was quite corny.

你知道，有时候它有点让人尴尬。

You know, It was a bit embarrassing sometimes.

有些场景还挺搞笑的。

Some of the sequences are a little bit funny.

但总的来说，我觉得这是一部甜蜜而优秀的电影。

But, basically, I think it's a sweet film, and I think it's a good film.

所以如果你还没看过，我推荐你去看看。

So if you haven't seen it, then I I recommend it.

还有一部瑞典电影目前正在影院上映，叫《生人勿进》。

There's also another Swedish film, which is in the cinemas at the moment called Let the Right One In.

我还没看过，但据说这部电影非常出色。

And I haven't seen that, but apparently, it's excellent.

所有影评人都说这是一部非常非常棒的吸血鬼电影。

All the critics are saying that it's a very, very good vampire film indeed.

所以我希望能尽快去看。

So I'm hoping to see that very soon.

如果你看过《生人勿进》和《暮光之城》，请给我发消息。

If you have seen that and if you have seen Twilight, then send me a message.

告诉我你对这两部电影的看法。

Let me know what you thought of both of those films.

记住，邮箱地址是 luketeacher@hotmail.com，我期待收到你的来信。

Remember, the email address is luketeacher@hotmail.com, and I look forward to hearing from you.

好的。

Okay.

所以这是语言部分。

So this is the language section.

就像我在播客开头说的，这部分将关于表达你的情绪和描述你的感受。

And like I said at the beginning of the podcast, this is going to be about expressing your emotions, describing your feelings.

现在，本部分的所有语言都可以用于讲述某个故事或描述你曾经经历的事情。

Now all of the language in this section, you could use, for example, to when you're telling a story about something or when you're describing an experience that you had.

因此，我给出的所有例子都将使用过去时。

So all the examples I'm going to give will be in the past tense.

明白吗？

Okay?

所以，当你描述某种经历时，比如你对考试成绩的感受，或者当你第一次听到某个消息时的感受，就可以使用这些表达。

So you might use this language, example, if you're describing an experience, like, for example, how you felt about your exam results or how you felt when you when you first heard about some news.

接下来我要讨论的方面是感到害怕或恐惧。

So the the areas I'm going to talk about are being frightened or being scared.

明白吗？

Okay?

感到震惊、生气、开心、失望和悲伤。

Being shocked, feeling angry, feeling happy, feeling disappointed, and feeling sad.

明白吗？

Okay?

这些显然是非常常见的情绪，在我们的日常生活中屡见不鲜。

So obviously, very, very common emotions and very, very common in our daily experience.

当你描述自己的经历时，使用这些生动形象的语言来表达你当时的感觉非常有帮助。

And when you're describing your experiences, it's very, very good to use this colorful descriptive language to express how you felt at the time.

明白吗？

Okay?

因此，我将教给你们的所有表达方式，我都会写在我的网页上，你们可以在网页上看到这些表达及其释义。

So all of the language I'm going to teach you, I will write on my web page so you can see all of the expressions on the web page with some definitions.

别忘了网页地址是 teacherluke.podomatic.com，那里有所有内容的详细解释。

Don't forget the web page is teacherluke.podomatic.com, and you can see all of it explained for you there.

那么我们先从恐惧或害怕开始。

So we'll start with fear or being scared, being frightened.