88. 如何打鼓（描述音乐）

你正在收听卢克的英语播客。

You're listening to Luke's English podcast.

如需更多信息，请访问 teacherluke.podomatic.com。

For more information, visit teacherluke.podomatic.com.

大家好，女士们、先生们。

Hello, ladies and gentlemen.

欢迎来到卢克的英语播客。

Welcome to Luke's English podcast.

现在，人们有时说，学习英语最好的方法之一就是用英语学习其他事情。

Now people sometimes say that one of the best ways to learn English is to learn how to do something else in English.

比如，用英语学习插花，或者用英语学习某种新运动。

Like, for example, to learn flower arranging in English or to learn how to do some kind of new sport in English.

所以在这集中，我要教你们如何打鼓，还会跟大家聊聊打鼓的总体情况。

So in this episode, I'm going to teach you how to play the drums, and I'm gonna teach you about playing the drums in general.

我觉得这个播客相当有雄心，因为我以前从未做过这样的事。

Now this is quite an ambitious podcast, I think, because I've never done this before.

我从来没有真正教过别人打鼓。

I've never really taught anyone to play the drums.

我从大约13岁开始打鼓，到现在已经大约22年了。

Now I've been playing drums since I was about 13 years old, So that's about twenty two years now.

因为我小时候很幸运，有一年圣诞节，我父母给我和我哥哥买了一套鼓，那时我13岁，我哥哥15岁。

Because when I was young, I was I was very lucky because my parents decided to buy me and my brother a drum kit for Christmas one year when I was 13, and my brother was 15.

我们当时挺幸运的，因为我们的房子在乡下，有一个通常用来放车的车库。

Now we were quite lucky because we had a house kind of in the countryside, and we had a garage where you'd normally keep a car.

我们有一个独立于房子的车库，但并不用来停汽车。

We had a garage that was separate from the house, and we didn't use it to keep cars.

相反，我们把它布置得更像是花园里的一个小客厅。

Instead, we kind of made it more like a a little living room in the garden.

所以你那里有隔音良好的墙壁、地毯、一些沙发，还有一个放在角落的鼓组。

So you kind of you had, like, nice insulated walls, carpets, some sofas, and a drum kit in the corner.

对吧？

Right?

而且附近其他房子都离得很远，所以我们即使制造很大噪音也不会打扰到别人。

And like other houses in the area were quite far away, so we didn't disturb them if we made a lot of noise.

这确实是住在乡下的一个优势，你知道的。

And that's, you know, it's like one of the advantages of being in the countryside really.

所以我们圣诞节得到了这套鼓。

So we got this drum kit for Christmas.

我爸爸年轻时当学生也打过鼓。

Now my dad used to play the drums when he was a student.

所以我想，他们给我们买鼓的部分原因，就是想让我们也有机会玩鼓。

So I think, you know, part of the reason was because he wanted to give us a chance to play drums as well.

对我们来说，这简直是最棒的礼物了。

So for us, really, it was like the it was just the best present ever.

即使到现在，我也觉得这仍然是他们给过我和我弟弟最好的礼物。

And I still think actually even now that that's the still the best present that they ever gave me or my brother was this drum kit.

那是一套相当基础、比较便宜的二手黑色鼓组。

And it was kind of a fairly basic kind of quite cheap secondhand black drum kit.

我觉得它看起来特别酷。

It it looked really cool, I thought.

所以我已经开始学钢琴了。

So I I had already sort of started learning the piano.

我大约11岁的时候开始学钢琴，因为我决定要演奏乐器。

I started when I was about 11 years old to learn the piano because I decided I wanted to play.

我学得不错，钢琴弹得还挺好的。

And I did quite well, and I was quite good at piano.

人们常说我在音乐方面很有天赋之类的。

People used to say that I was kind of that I was quite good at music and stuff.

所以我本身已经很有音乐天赋了，但我的弟弟才是第一个开始打鼓的人，因为他当时15岁，正迷上朋克音乐之类的东西。

So I was already quite musical, but my brother really was the one who started to play the drums first because he was like 15 years old And and at that time, he was getting into kind of punk music and stuff like that.

所以这套鼓实际上是给了他一个机会，让他能尽情地玩朋克摇滚这类音乐。

So the drum kit was, like, really a chance for him to just really get into playing that kind of punk rock stuff.

后来，我买了一把电贝斯，也开始弹贝斯了。

Then, like, later later on, I bought an electric bass guitar and I sort of started to play bass.

我们以前偶尔会一起演奏。

And we used to play together sometimes.

我弹贝斯，他打鼓。

I'd play bass and he would play drums.

后来，我也渐渐爱上了打鼓，因为我也开始学着打鼓了。

And then finally, I kind of got into the drums because I started to play them as well.

最终，我每天都会打大约一个小时或更久的鼓。

And I I eventually, I would play drums every day for about an hour or more.

基本上，是我爸爸教了我基础技巧，但之后我就全靠自己自学了。

And basically, my dad taught me the basics, but after that, I just taught myself.

我以前常做的一件事就是模仿我最喜欢的鼓手。

And what I used to do was I tried to copy all my favorite drummers.

我会仔细听我最喜欢的音乐片段，努力模仿那些鼓手的演奏方式。

So I'd kind of listen to all my favorite bits of music and I'd try and copy the things that those drummers were doing.

特别是，我会模仿曾与吉米·亨德里克斯合作的米奇·米切尔。

In particular, I would try and copy Mitch Mitchell, who used to play with Jimi Hendrix.

我过去特别喜欢他的风格，因为他有着惊人的天赋。

And I used to love his style because he had, like, an amazing talent.

他的风格像是爵士和摇滚的结合。

It was something like jazz and rock together.

他是最早尝试融合风格的人之一，也就是将不同风格结合起来。

He was one of the first people to do fusion, which is like a combination of different styles.

他会把爵士风格和摇滚风格融合在一起，这完美地衬托了吉米·亨德里克斯那种自由不羁的吉他演奏方式。

So he would combine a kind of jazz style with a rock style, which perfectly complemented the kind of loose way that Jimi Hendrix would play the guitar.

他总能创造出令人惊叹的节奏和精彩绝伦的鼓滚，这些节奏有着极其圆润的韵律感，非常出色。

And he used to just come out with these incredible beats and amazing drum rolls that had just incredible sort of rounded rhythm to them, and they were brilliant.

我过去喜欢的另一位鼓手是斯图尔特·科普兰，他曾与警察乐队一起演奏。

The other drummer that I used to love was Stuart Copeland, who used to play with the police.

斯汀、安迪·萨默斯和斯图尔特·科普兰，他们就是警察乐队。

Sting and Andy Summers, Stuart Copeland, they were the police.

同样，他也是另一位极具天赋的鼓手，似乎天生就有着极佳的节奏感，非常清楚该在歌曲的哪个部分强调重点。

And, again, and just another incredibly sort of talented drummer, it seemed that he just had really natural timing and a real sense of which part of the song to accentuate and so on.

真是非凡的才华。

Just incredible talent.

还有其他人，比如林戈。

And other people as well, actually Ringo.

我知道很多人说他不是个好鼓手，但我认为他相当不错。

I know a lot of people said he wasn't very good drummer, but I thought he was quite good.

他有一种非常棒的节奏感，很好的摇摆感，我经常听披头士的歌。

He had a really nice sort of feel, a good swing, and I used to listen to the Beatles a lot.

所以我常常模仿林戈的鼓点，尤其是披头士后期的作品。

So I would often try and copy Ringo's drumming, particularly from the kind of later period of the Beatles.

是的。

Yeah.

人们对林戈的看法有些分歧。

People don't people are sort of a bit mixed about Ringo.

有些人认为他是世界上最好的鼓手。

People think he's the best drummer in the world.

有些人认为他是世界上最差的鼓手。

Some people think he's the worst drummer in the world.

我认为约翰·列侬曾经说过，当有人问约翰·列侬，你觉得林戈是世界上最棒的鼓手吗？

I think it was John Lennon once who said when when someone said to John Lennon, do you think Ringo is the best drummer in the world?

约翰说，他甚至不是世界上最棒的鼓手。

And John said, he's not even he's not the best drummer in the world.

他甚至不是披头士乐队里最好的鼓手，这挺有趣的，因为实际上保罗·麦卡特尼的鼓技也不错。

He's not even the best drummer in the Beatles, which was quite funny because actually Paul McCartney was also quite a good drummer.

还有些人喜欢齐柏林飞艇的鼓手约翰·博纳姆，以及和赫比·汉考克一起演奏爵士和放克音乐的鼓手，类似这样的风格。

Other people like the drummer from Led Zeppelin, John Bonham, and drummers that used to play jazz and funk with Herbie Hancock, that kind of thing.

这些年来，我参加过很多很多乐队。

And I played in lots and lots of bands over the years.

我觉得我总共参加过大约15个不同的乐队。

I think it's about 15 different bands that I've played in.

很多次都想出名，但都没成功。

Many times, tried to get famous, didn't get famous.

我以前在利物浦的一个乐队演奏。

I used to play in a band in Liverpool.

我们经常在利物浦演出，我也在日本的乐队里演奏过。

We used to perform regularly in Liverpool and another I played in bands in Japan as well.

那真是太棒了。

That was amazing.

我去日本的时候，从未想过自己会加入一个乐队。

When I went to Japan, I never realized that I would sort of join a band.

我在日本的一个乐队里，我们的专辑还在商店里出售。

And I I was in a band in Japan that had a CD in the shops.

在HMV，你可以买到这张CD。

In HMV, you could buy a CD.

是的。

So yeah.

我真的很喜欢打鼓，基本上是自学成才的。

Really love playing the drums, and I basically taught myself how to do it.

我从来没有真正尝试过教别人打鼓。

I've And never really tried to teach someone else how to play the drums either.

我觉得这可能有点困难，甚至有点雄心勃勃，因为这里我没有鼓组可以演示给你看，而你也没有鼓组可以跟着练习。

And I think this might be a little bit difficult, maybe a bit ambitious considering I don't actually have a drum kit here, which I can demonstrate to you, and you don't have a drum kit with you so you can try these things out.

你实际上看不到我，所以你看不清我在做什么。

You can't actually see me, so you can't really see what I'm doing.

但我仍然认为我可以在这一集中教你打鼓。

But I still think I can teach you how to play the drums in this episode.

所以，你知道，这有点雄心勃勃，但我相信我们能做到。

So, you know, slightly ambitious, but I think we can do it.

现在谈谈音乐，我想你可以说音乐有三个基本要素。

Now talking about music, I suppose you could say there are like three elements of music.

那就是节奏、旋律和和声。

You've got rhythm, melody, and harmony.

对吧？

Right?

可能还有其他元素，但我认为基本上这三个是主要的。

There may be other elements too, but I think basically those are the main three.

节奏、旋律和和声。

Rhythm, melody, and harmony.

节奏，当然，就像是时间感。

Now rhythm, of course, is like the time, let's say.

比如，当你演奏的时候。

For example, when you like when you play.

通常会有一些节奏模式。

And usually, sort of there's some kind of rhythmic pattern.

尤其是在流行音乐中，比如摇滚乐，音乐通常以四拍为一组。

Certainly in kind of popular music like rock music, for example, music tends to come in kind of beats of four.

每小节四拍这样的形式。

Four beats in a bar kind of thing.

但其他类型的音乐可能每小节有更多拍子。

But other forms of music might have more beats in the bar.

当你在吉他或钢琴上演奏音符时，这些音符也必须在时间序列中的特定时刻演奏。

And also the when you play notes on the guitar or the piano, they have to be played at a certain time in the time sequence.

这就是节奏。

So that's rhythm.

而且它是最首要的。

And it's really the first thing.

然后是旋律，也就是音符是向上还是向下的走向，以及它们上下进行所形成的模式。

And then after that, have melody, which is actually the sort of the notes whether they go up or down, the pattern that they make going up and down.

接着是和声，指的是多个音符同时演奏，比如和弦之类的东西。

And then harmony, that's where you have several notes playing together, for example, a chord or something along those lines.

所以节奏、旋律和和声。

So rhythm, melody, and harmony.

但真正最重要的是节奏。

But really rhythm is the first one.

它是基础。

It's like the basis.

这确实是音乐的基础。

It's the foundation really of music.

它是第一个元素。

It's the first element.

而且，如果你仔细想想，我们生活中其实处处都充满节奏，因为首先，它就是你的心跳，所以节奏早已通过我们的心跳融入了我们的身体。

And also, if you think about it, you know, we're kind of surrounded by rhythm all the time in our lives because it's first of all, it's your heartbeat, so rhythm is kind of built into us already with our heartbeat.

还有昼夜的循环、年复一年，所有这些不同的周期和日常规律，甚至像走路或其他重复性任务也是如此。

And the cycle of the days and nights, the years, you know, all those different cycles and routines, even doing things like walking or doing other tasks that are quite repetitive.

你周围事物发出的声音，也可能是一系列令人愉悦的声响序列。

The noises things might make around you, they can be quite satisfying sequences of sounds.

比如汽车门打开或关闭的声音、火车驶入轨道的声音，或者马匹奔跑的声音。

For example, the sound of a car door opening or closing or a train coming in on the tracks or maybe a horse riding.

如果你想象一下马蹄踏地的声音，马匹奔跑的声音，这本身就是一种很有节奏感的体验。

And if you can imagine the sound of the hooves on the ground, the sound of a horse riding, that's quite a rhythmic thing.

当然，非洲音乐中，最早的乐器其实就是鼓。

Also, of course, with African music, the first instrument really was a drum.

我们最早使用的乐器是鼓，大型鼓曾被用来进行远距离通信。

The first instrument that we ever had was a drum, and they were used like big drums were used to communicate over long distances.

从某种意义上说，最早的沟通性音乐其实就是节奏。

In a sense, like the first communicative sis music really was rhythm.

而且英语的句子也有自己的节奏，事实上，所有语言都有各自的节奏。

And also English, the English language has a rhythm in its sentences, and in fact, all languages have their own rhythms.

当我住在日本时，我特别喜欢听日语句子的节奏。

You know, when I lived in Japan, I used to love listening to the rhythm of a Japanese sentence.

但当然，英语也有自己的节奏，这取决于你停顿的方式以及句子中如何强调不同的词语等等。

But certainly, English has got its own rhythm too depending on the the pauses that you make, the way that the sentence kind of stresses different words in the sentence, that sort of thing.

所有这些都形成了一种悦耳的语言节奏。

All of that creates a kind of pleasing rhythm of the language.

事实上，一句话可以有点像鼓点。

And in fact, a sentence can be a bit like a drumbeat.

它会强化节奏中的不同部分，或者类似这样的效果。

It sort of kind of accentuates different parts of the the rhythm or something like that.

这就引出了我们这里的主要问题：你究竟该怎么打鼓呢？

So that kind of brings us to the main question here, which is how do you actually play the drums?

你该怎么做呢？

How do you do it?

对我来说，这就像选择一些物件，按照特定的顺序敲击，从而制造出节奏。

Now for me, it's just like a selection of objects which you hit in a certain order in order to make kind of beats.

明白吗？

Okay?

这基本上就是我的做法。

That's kind of how I approach it.

你会用滚奏来强调你的节奏。

And you punctuate your beats with drum rolls.

明白吗？

Okay?

所以我主要演奏的是摇滚或爵士风格，主要是摇滚。

So I play a kind of rock or jazz kind of style basically, mainly rock.

就像我之前说的，大多数摇滚音乐都有节拍记号，通常是4/4拍。

And like I said before, music most sort of rock music has a time signature, usually four four.

也就是说，每小节有四拍。

So that's four beats in a bar.

所以你会听到类似一、二、三、四的节奏。

So you'd get something like one two three four.

一二三四。

1234.

明白吗？

Okay?

所以这是两小节，每小节四拍。

So that was two bars with four beats in each bar.

明白吗？

Okay?

这是摇滚音乐中非常标准的节拍记号。

So that's very standard sort of time signature in rock music.

作为鼓手，演奏时你脑子里就会这样数拍子。

And that, as a drummer, is what you would count in your head when you play.

事实上，你会把鼓组的不同部件的敲击落在这些不同的拍子上，从而形成节奏。

And in fact, you place different hits of different parts of the drum kit on those different numbers to create beats.

明白吗？

Okay?

然后你不断重复这些，就形成了一种节奏。

And then you just repeat them to create a kind of rhythm.

现在，你基本上就是在数一、二、三、四。

Now that's the you're basically one two three four.

这是你最基本的节奏，但里面其实还包含着更细的子节奏。

That's your kind of basic rhythm, but they're also kind of sub rhythms in there too.

所以实际上，一小节可以有八个拍子。

So you can actually have eight beats in a bar.

于是你就变成：一与、二与、三与、四与，一与、二与、三与、四与。

So you get kind of one and two and three and four and one and two and three and four.

所以这实际上形成了八个拍子，这也非常常见。

So that actually creates eight beats, and that's very common as well.

现在我稍后会再回到这些拍子上。

Now I'm going to come back to those beats in a moment.

所以让我先跟你介绍一下鼓组。

So let me just tell you about the drum kit.

正如你可能知道的，鼓组由一系列不同的鼓和镲片组成，你坐在鼓组前的凳子上。

So as you probably know, drum kit is like a series of different drums and cymbals, and you sit on a stool in front of the drum kit.

你会坐在那里，用鼓棒敲击不同的鼓和镲片。

And you you're gonna sit there and you play different drums and cymbals with sticks.

所以你双手各持一根木制鼓棒。

So you hold these two wooden sticks in your hands.

你也可以用其他工具，但通常都是用鼓棒。

There are other things you can use, but usually it sticks.

你的双脚则踩在两个踏板上。

And your your feet go on these two pedals.

那我们开始吧。

So let's start then.

在你面前的地板上，有一个大型的鼓，放在地上，这就是低音鼓。

On the floor in front of you, you have the big drum which sits on the floor, and that's the bass drum.

它发出低沉的低音。

And it makes a deep bass sound.

就是这种声音。

So it's that kind of kind of sound.

对吧？

Right?

然后在低音鼓的顶部，会安装通通鼓。

And then attached to that, on the top of the bass drum, you would have tom toms.

这些是较小的鼓，发出一种……类似的声音。

So these are like smaller drums which make a kind of they sort of make a kind of kind of sound.

它们会被调音，使其中一个音调比另一个高。

So they'll be tuned so that one is higher than the other.

所以你会得到一种这样的声音。

So you get like a kind of sound.

然后你会有第三个鼓，它放在你右侧的地面上，这是最低音的鼓。

And then you get a third one, which actually sits on the floor on your right, and that's the deepest one.

所以就像是这样，对吧？

So it's like Right?

你在鼓滚奏时会用到这些鼓。

And you use those in drum rolls.

对吧？

Right?

现在，最重要的鼓之一就在你正前方，坐在你两膝之间，那就是军鼓。

Now one of the most important drums is right in front of you, sitting in front of you, just between your knees, and that's the snare drum.

它非常重要，因为你经常用到它。

And that's really important because you play it a lot.

它的音调很高，鼓皮下方还有一圈金属螺旋线。

And it's it's got a high pitched sound, and it has a kind of metal coiled wire which sits on the skin underneath that drum.

所以它是一系列紧密缠绕的金属线圈，位于鼓面下方，紧贴着鼓皮。

So it's like a series of tight metal coils of wire and they lie underneath the the drum pressing against the skin.

当你敲击鼓面时，这些细小的金属线会快速振动，发出一种独特而尖锐的声音。

And what happens is when you hit the drum, it causes these little wires to vibrate very quickly, and it makes this kind of distinctive sharp sound.

所以我真的没法用嘴模仿出来。

So I can't really do it with my mouth.

我可以试试。

I can try.

我不太擅长口技，但它会发出一种类似的声音。

I'm not very good at beatboxing, but it makes a kind of kind of sound.

对吧？

Right?

所以你有一个低音鼓，用脚踏板在地面操作。

So you've got your bass drum, which you play with a foot pedal on the ground.

然后你还有军鼓，就是那种类型的鼓。

And then you've got snare, you know, that kind of thing.

然后是通通鼓。

And then your toms.

好的。

Okay.

现在是镲片。

Now cymbals.

镲片当然是那些大金属片，看起来像大金属盘，敲击时会发出很大的声音。

Cymbals, of course, are those big metal they look like big metal plates and they make a very big sound when you hit them.

在你的左侧，会有一对连接在踏板上的镲片，你的左脚就踩在那个踏板上。

Now on your left, you would have a pair of cymbals which are attached to a pedal, and you've got your left foot on that pedal.

这两片镲片加上踏板，叫做踩镲。

And those two cymbals together with the pedal, that's called the hi hat.

踩镲。

Hi hat.

它由两片镲片组成。

And it's two cymbals.

一个倒着放，另一个放在它上面。

One sitting sort of upside down and the other one on top of it.

而上面的那个通过一根金属杆连接到踏板上。

And so the the one on top is attached to a metal pole which goes down to the pedal.

你把镲片固定在这根杆上，踩下踏板时，镲片就会向下撞击另一个镲片。

And you attach the cymbal to that pole, and you can press the pedal down, and the cymbal comes down onto the other cymbal.

所以两个镲片会碰撞在一起，发出一种类似的声音。

So the the two cymbals go together, and it makes a kind of like a kind of sound.

就是这样的。

Like a That's it.

当你把镲片合在一起时。

As you bring the cymbals together.

你可以用左脚踩下踏板，让两个镲片紧紧贴合，然后用鼓棒敲击，就会发出一种声音。

And what you can do then is you press your left foot down, and it holds those two cymbals together tightly and you hit it with the sticks and it makes a kind of sound.

当你抬起脚松开踏板，让镲片分开，这时再敲击踩镲，就会发出更大的声音。

And you can lift your foot off the pedal and lift the cymbals apart and when you hit hit the hi hats then it makes a bigger sound.

所以你经常在重型摇滚乐中听到这种声音。

So you often hear that hear that in sort of heavy rock sound.

明白吗？

Okay?

然后你再把这种节奏和所有的不同鼓组结合起来。

And then you combine that you combine that with all the different drums.

你用右手这样敲击踩镲。

You hit this the hi hat like that with your right hand.

你的右手会伸过去敲击踩镲，左手敲击军鼓，右脚踩低音鼓踏板，左脚踩踩镲踏板。

So your right hand goes across and it hits the hi hat, and your left hand goes on the snare, and your right foot goes on the bass drum pedal, and your left foot goes on the hi hat pedal.

当你把它们一起演奏时，就能打出节奏，你可以这样打，对吧？

And when you play them together, you can get a beat so you can kind of go Right?

我不是世界上最好的节奏口技者，但我相信你已经明白其中的意思了。

Now I'm not the greatest beatboxer in the world, but I think you get the idea there.

现在，我们的鼓组周围还有其他镲片。

Now, also, we have other cymbals around the kit.

通常会有两个碎音镲。

Usually, have two crash cymbals.

当你敲击它们时，会产生响亮的碎音，可以用来强调节奏。

And when you hit those, it makes a loud crash sound, and you can use that to emphasize beats.

所以，你知道，碎音镲。

So, you know, a crash cymbal.

然后在右边，会有一个更大、更重的叠音镲，你用右手来敲击它，而不是踩踏镲。

And then on the right, have a bigger, heavier ride cymbal, and you play that with your right hand instead of the hi hat.

这样会发出叮叮叮叮的声音。

So that makes a ting ting ting ting kind of sound.

所以你可以这样叮叮，叮叮，你知道，就是这种感觉。

So you can kind of go ting ting, ting ting, you know, kind of thing.

所以如果我们再回到计数的问题上，记得我们基本上有四个拍子，每个拍子还有四个细分节奏。

So if we go back to the counting thing again, if you remember we have basically four beats with four sub beats as well.

所以你有像一和二和三和四和一和二和三和四这样的节奏。

So you've got like one and two and three and four and one and two and three and four.

所以用踩镲，右手打踩镲，左脚踩住踩镲闭合，你敲击第一、二、三、四拍。

So with the hi hat, with your right hand, with the hi hat closed with your left foot, you you hit one and two and three and four.

所以一共八拍。

So all eight.

你明白了吗？

So you do Okay?

所以是第一和、第二和、第三和、第四和。

So that's one and two and three and four and.

明白。

Okay.

现在用低音鼓，你在第一拍和第三拍敲击。

Now with the bass drum, you hit that on one and three.

明白吗？

Okay?

好的。

So Okay.

听起来可能有点傻，但其实是二和四、二。

Sounds pretty stupid probably, but two four two.

这个播客还挺奇怪的。

It's a weird podcast, this one.

好的。

Okay.

这就是你的底鼓。

So that's your bass drum.

然后军鼓落在二和四上。

And then the snare goes on two and four.

所以你就会得到一种，呃，对吧？

So you get like a Okay?

基本上就是这样了。

So that's that's basically it.

所有这些加在一起就变成了，对吧？

And all of that together becomes Okay?

这基本上就是一种典型的摇滚节奏。

And that's a basic kind of rock rhythm, essentially.

你也可以做其他变化，比如让底鼓在第一拍和第三拍上敲击。

And you can do other things like you can put the bass make the bass drum go on one and three and.

所以你就在三和四上敲击。

So you do three and.

这可能是摇滚音乐中最常见的节奏型，也许还会配上开放的踩镲。

So And that's like probably the most common beat that you find in rock music that maybe with the hi hat open.

你在很多唱片里都能听到这种节奏。

And you find that in lots and lots of records.

事实上，我想我现在可以给你放一个例子。

In fact, I think I might play you an example of one now.

这是《佩珀军士的孤独之心俱乐部乐队》开头几小节的简短片段，你可以听到林戈在演奏那种经典的摇滚节奏。

This is a very brief snippet of the opening couple of bars of Sgt Pepper's Lonely Hearts Club band, and you can hear Ringo doing that kind of kind of classic rock beat.

所以你来听一下。

So have a listen to that.

听起来很不错，对吧？

Sounds pretty good, doesn't it?

由于版权原因，我不能再为你播放更多了。

I can't really play you anymore because of copyright reason.

我不希望，你知道的，直接播放整首歌。

I don't wanna, you know, just play the whole song.

那样不太公平。

It's not really fair.

但是，是的，只要你持续听音乐，我相信你也会注意到这些特点。

But, yeah, if you just keep listening to music, I'm sure you'll notice those sorts of things too.

当然，还有许多其他不同的鼓点演奏方式，以及各种不同的音乐风格。

Now, of course, there are lots of other different sort of ways of playing the the drums, lots of different musical styles that you can do.

比如放克音乐，像詹姆斯·布朗、史蒂维·旺德这些人演奏的那种美国放克风格。

For example, like something like funk music, kind of American funk played by people like James Brown, Stevie Wonder, that kind of thing.

那种音乐有着非常切分的节奏。

That that sort of has a really syncopated rhythm.

所以你知道那些细分节拍，比如‘和’，像一和、二和、三和、四和，这些小小的‘和’拍。

So you know the things like the sub beats like ands, you know, one and two and three and four and, the little and ones.

你不仅能听到这些八分音符。

You can get more than just those eights.

你还可以得到十六分音符，或者各种更细的细分节拍。

You can get like 16 or all sorts of little sub beats.

如果你再加上摇摆感，就能得到各种不同的节奏型。

And if you put a swing into it too, you can get lots of different types of beats.

让我看看能不能现在找一个经典节奏来演奏一下。

And let me see if I can find a classic beat to play there now.

那是詹姆斯·布朗的，我认为那是有史以来最棒的音乐之一。

That was James Brown, which is like just some of the most amazing music that's ever been made, I think.

你知道，很难再超越这种水平了。

You know, it's hard to do better than that.

我觉得詹姆斯·布朗六十年代的一些唱片，是我们这辈子能听到的最出色的音乐作品之一。

I think that some of those James Brown records from the sixties are just some of the best pieces of music that's that are we're ever gonna hear.

这简直太惊人了。

It's just incredible.

我打算再找点别的东西给你，因为我现在正享受着这段音乐。

I'm gonna try and find something else for you because I'm just enjoying this now.

好的。

Okay.

那是米奇·米切尔和吉米·亨德里克斯。

That was Mitch Mitchell and Jimi Hendrix.

米奇·米切尔，当然，是鼓手。

Mitch Mitchell, of course, the drummer.

吉米·亨德里克斯，吉他手兼主唱。

Jimi Hendrix, guitarist and the singer.

贝斯手是诺尔·里丁，当然。

Noel Reading on bass, of course.

我还没停下来呢。

And I'm I'm not stopped yet.

我还没结束呢。

I haven't finished yet.

事实上，后面还有更多内容。

In fact, there's more to come.

我们还要播放一两段音乐。

We're gonna play one or two more pieces of music.

我们还会再多聊一些其他不同的音乐风格。

We're gonna talk a little bit more about some other different musical styles.

之后，我会放一些音频片段，我相信你会非常喜欢。

And then after that, I'm gonna play you various bits of audio, which I think you're gonna enjoy very much.

你将会听到一些著名鼓手谈论打鼓，甚至亲自为你演奏并解释他们正在做什么。

And you're going to hear some famous drummers, some fantastic famous drummers talking about playing the drums and actually playing the drums to you and explaining what they're doing as they're doing it.

太棒了。

It's fantastic.

你还会看到另一位著名鼓手的简短教学视频，他曾效力于英国曼彻斯特一支出色的朋克乐队——Buzzcocks。

And you're also gonna get a little tutorial video from another famous drummer who used to play in a band called the Buzzcocks, a fantastic punk band from Manchester in England.

所以仔细听。

So listen up.

继续听下去，你会听到越来越有趣的音频片段。

Keep listening because you're gonna get more and more interesting bits of audio to listen to.

所以你可以好好享受，对吧？

So you can just sort of enjoy that, can't you?

当然可以。

Of course you can.

我们来看看。

Let's see.

我再找一首让你享受的动感音乐。

I'm gonna find you one more groovy piece of music that you can enjoy.

听听这段鼓点。

Just check out the drumming on this.

太棒了。

It's amazing.

太棒的鼓点。

Amazing drumming.

哇。

Wow.

那是迈克·克拉克，七十年代曾与赫比·汉考克等人合作，是一位出色的融合爵士鼓手。

That's Mike Clark who used to play with people like Herbie Hancock in the seventies, like an amazing fusion jazz drummer.

对。

Right.

好的。

Okay.

接下来，你将听到一位叫伯纳德·帕迪的鼓手带来的简短鼓点教学。

Next up, you're gonna get a little drum tutorial from a drummer called Bernard Purdy.

他是历史上录音最多的鼓手之一，因为在六七十年代的美国，他作为一名录音室乐手，参与了大量六七十年代的灵魂乐和放克唱片的录制。

Now he's one of the most recorded drummers of all time because he was a session musician in America in the sixties and seventies, and he played on loads and loads of old soul and funk records in the seventies.

他曾经与艾瑞莎·弗兰克林、詹姆斯·布朗以及其他许多人合作过。

He played with Aretha Franklin and James Brown and lots of other people.

所以你肯定以前听过他。

So you will have definitely heard him before.

他叫伯纳德·帕迪。

His name's Bernard Purdy.

在这个视频里，这是我最喜欢的一个YouTube视频。

And in this video, and this is one of my favorite videos on YouTube.

我特别喜欢这个视频，因为他详细讲解了他是如何创造出一种新的节奏的，这是他的标志性节奏，里面包含了很多细微的附加音符，也就是次音。

I absolutely love this video because he talks you through how he sort of came up with a new beat, which was his trademark beat, and it involved lots of little extra notes like sub notes.

记住那些音符，像‘一和二和三和四’这样的次音。

Remember those and notes like one and two and three and four, those sub notes.

很多微小的次音，他称之为幽灵音。

Lots of tiny little sub notes which he called his ghost notes.

这就是伯纳德·帕迪如何创造出他的幽灵音的故事。

And this is the story of how Bernard Purdy managed to come up with his ghost notes.

是的。

Well, yes.

幽灵音符。

Ghost notes.

我知道每个人都在猜我什么时候会谈到我的幽灵音符。

I know everybody is wondering when I was going to talk about my ghost notes.

好吧，我现在就讲。

Well, I'm going to do it right now.

首先，我想让你们知道这些音符是从哪里、怎么来的。

First of all, I'd like you to know where and how they where they came from.

明白吗？

Okay?

事情是这样的，因为我一直在家里练习，总是坐在鼓前用手做各种动作。

Well, it happened because as I was practicing all the time at home, I used to sit at the drums and do things with my hands.

我总有一种感觉，自己一直在摇摆，一直在律动。

And I just had a feeling I was always rocking, always grooving.

所以随着时间推移，我开始做一些像是在打十种芭蕾舞或邦戈鼓一样的动作。

So as time went on, I start doing things like I was playing 10 ballets or bongos.

这就是我开始的方式，我开始让声音浮现出来。

And this is how I started and I started to light the sound.

正如你所见，一切都不是精确的。

As you can see nothing is ever precise.

关键是让手指自由移动。

It's all about allowing your fingers to do the walking.

但我得用鼓棒来做这件事。

But I had to do that with sticks.

我想，那我要怎么用鼓棒做到这一点呢？

I said, oh, how do I do that with sticks?

好吧。

Okay.

让我说一下。

Let me say.

我们来看看。

Let's see.

好的。

Alright.

哦，这样可行。

Oh, that works.

好的。

Alright.

好吧。

Okay.

从那里开始，我想到等等。

And from there, I had this wait a minute.

那我能做什么呢？

Well, what can I do?

钹。

Cymbals.

哦，我明白了。

Well, I see.

踩镲。

Hi hat.

哦，是的。

Oh, yes.

嗯，声音和踩镲代替大镲时很相似。

Well, the sound was similar with the hi hat instead of the big cymbals.

而且这似乎很有效，尤其是当我用手指用交叉杆敲击反拍时。

And it seemed to work, especially with my fingers playing the backbeat on cross stick.

好的。

Alright.

哦，然后我发现我的踩镲里有些气声。

Oh, then I discovered I got some air in my hi hat.

我挺喜欢这个声音的。

I kind of like that sound.

哇哦。

Woah.

第一次发生这种情况时，纯属意外。

The first time that that happened to me, it was an accident.

十六分音符。

Sixteenth notes.

我喜欢这个效果。

I like that.

于是我开始更多地使用这种技巧。

So I started to do a lot more.

现在我开始加入后拍。

Now I started to add the backbeat.

但我仍要记住，鼓棒只需自然反弹即可。

But I still have to remember that the stick had to just do the rebound.

是的。

Yes.

哇。

Woah.