LEP高级系列71免费试听 🏆 词汇与发音 [958]

您正在收听卢克的英语播客。更多信息请访问teacherluke.co.uk。听众朋友们大家好，欢迎回到卢克的英语播客。今天过得怎么样？

You're listening to Luke's English podcast. For more information, visit teacherluke.co.uk. Hello, listeners. Welcome back to Luke's English podcast. How are you doing today?

希望你们一切安好。在本期节目中，我将为大家免费试听最新一季的卢克英语播客会员专享内容。我会播放第71期会员系列中的片段，这是我录制时最新的会员系列。如您所知，我每周都会录制免费播客节目，每周发布新内容。但同时，我也会定期发布会员专享节目，您可以订阅我的会员服务。

I hope you're doing fine. So in this episode, I'm going to give you a free sample of the latest series of Luke's English podcast premium. I'm going to play some clips from some episodes in premium series 71, which is the most recent premium series that I've done as I record this. Now as you may know, I record free podcast episodes on a weekly basis, you know, publish new free episodes every week. But, also, I publish regular premium episodes, and I have this premium subscription that you can sign up for.

订阅后，您就能获取我发布的所有其他会员专享节目，内容包括词汇、语法和发音教学。如果您曾好奇卢克英语播客会员内容是什么样子，本期节目将让您一窥究竟。您将学到适用于多种英语话题和场景的实用词汇，这些短语若运用得当，能显著提升您的英语水平。

And if you do subscribe to that, then you get access to all of the other premium episodes that I publish in which I teach vocabulary and grammar and pronunciation. And so if you've ever wondered what kind of thing happens in Luke's English podcast premium, this episode is gonna give you a taste of what it's like. Okay? You'll learn some useful bits of vocabulary that can be applied to talking about a range of different topics and situations in English. These are all phrases which, if you use them right, can really make a difference to your English.

它们能让您的表达更自然、精准和清晰。如果您喜欢这些内容并想获取更多——事实上，如果您想要全部会员专享节目（目前已超过250期），包括配套PDF练习册、视频版本以及未来更新的所有新节目，您可以订阅卢克英语播客会员服务。操作非常简单，只需点击描述中的链接teacherluke.co.uk/premium即可查看详情。

It can make it more natural, precise, and clear. And if you like this and you want more, if you want the whole series, in fact, if you want all of the premium episodes I've ever done, and there's over 250 of them now, if you want access to all of them with all their PDF worksheets and video versions, plus all the new episodes that will come out in the future, then you can sign up to Luke's English podcast premium. It's very simple. Just click the link in the description, teacherluke.co.uk/premium. You can check it out for yourself.

我将为您播放的会员系列片段来自我近期关于挪威度假经历的节目回顾（第952期）。我仔细分析了那期挪威之旅的节目——您可能已经听过——从中挑选出约50个不同短语，在会员系列中系统性地讲解这些短语：解释含义、示范用法、提供更多例句，并展示这些词汇在实际使用中的关键细节。我还设计了记忆测试、控制性练习、个性化讨论题的自由练习，以及跟我一起进行的听读发音训练，尽可能全面地覆盖真正掌握新英语知识的全过程。

The premium series that I'm gonna play you some clips from was a vocabulary review from my recent episode about my holiday in Norway this year, episode 952. What I did was I went through that episode, which you might have heard, you know, the one about my trip to Norway. You might have heard that episode. I picked out about 50 different phrases that I used in the episode, picked them out, and then in a very methodical way went through those phrases in this premium series and explained them, demonstrated them, gave you more examples, showed you very important details about how that vocabulary is actually normally used. And I also applied a process of memory quizzes and controlled practice, free practice with personalized discussion questions, and also listen and repeat pronunciation practice with me, kind of trying to cover as much as possible in what is involved in really learning new English and expanding your English properly.

明白吗？这包括记忆唤醒和语言个性化过程。因为仅能理解遇到的词汇短语固然不错，但您需要通过系统化、有意识的方式更进一步。例如必须练习记忆提取——要能主动说出或写出这些词汇短语，而非仅在被动态识别时理解。

Okay? And that involves memory recall, personalization of language. Because if you just understand words and phrases when you encounter them, this is obviously good, but you've really got to push it further in certain methodical and intentional ways. For example, you've got to practice memory recall. This is being able to come up with words and phrases yourself, actually say them yourself or write them down yourself rather than just recognising them when you see them.

还要能用新学语言谈论自身、表达观点。明白吗？这才是真正学习英语的过程。而这正是我在卢克英语播客会员节目中试图带您体验的——本期内容就将展现这一点。

And then also being able to use new language to talk about yourself, to express yourself. Okay? This is actually how you learn English by going through this process. And that is exactly what I try to do with you in episodes of Luke's English podcast premium. So that's what you're gonna see in this episode.

这就是我想向大家展示的内容。接下来我会播放一系列片段。首先播放的是第952集中的一些摘录，你们会听到我谈论假期开始时的感受、几周没有做播客的心情，以及在奥斯陆美术馆看到的《呐喊》这幅名画等话题。你们将听到原版节目中的几个片段。然后会有几个记忆测试环节，我会解释一些词汇，你们需要试着猜出我在找哪些单词或短语。

That's what I'd like to demonstrate for you. So I'm gonna play a series of clips. The first clips I will play you will be little extracts from episode nine five two, where you'll just hear me talking about, the beginning of my holiday, being away from my podcast for a few weeks and how that felt, and, the one of the paintings that I saw in an art gallery in Oslo, the Scream painting, the famous Scream painting, and a few other things. So you'll you'll get a few extracts from the original episode. Then there's a couple of memory quizzes where I'm actually explaining bits of vocabulary, and you've got to try and tell me which words or phrases I'm looking for.

这部分会测试你们现有的知识储备，以及捕捉我之前提到的内容的能力。之后我会更详细地解释这些词汇短语，比如指出不同的搭配方式和定义的其他方面，还会提供更多例句帮助你们全面理解词汇含义。接着是发音练习环节，你们可以跟读一些句子，重点练习正确的句子重音、节奏、语调和连读等技巧。此外，我还会提供一些讨论问题，供你们实际运用这些词汇。明白了吗？这就是我们要进行的完整流程。

So that tests your current knowledge, also your ability to notice things that I had said previously, then I actually go into some more detail and explain the words and phrases and, for example, point out different collocations and other aspects of the definitions, but also more examples to help you get a proper rounded sense of what the vocabulary means. And then after that, there's the pronunciation practice where you can just repeat some lines after me, focusing on the correct sentence stress, rhythm, intonation, connected speech, and so on. And, also, I'll show you some discussion questions which you can use to practice actually using the vocabulary yourself. Okay? So that's the process we're gonna go through.

首先播放第952集的两个片段。让我们回到几周前，当时我正在讲述挪威度假的经历。这段内容大约三分钟，请仔细聆听：你们觉得我后续会重点讲解哪些词汇呢？准备好了吗？

So first of all, a couple of clips from episode 952. So let's go back a few weeks to when I talked about my holiday in Norway, and this is just gonna be about three minutes worth. Listen carefully. Which bits of vocabulary do you think I'm going to point out in the rest of this episode? Okay?

那我们开始吧。我刚度过了五周没有播客的生活——说实话这种情况很少见，因为我是个重度播客成瘾者，多年来一直如此。我总在做播客，很少连续几天不录制内容。听起来像是某种强迫症，不过我觉得还好。

So let's get started. Here we go. So I just lived five weeks of non podcast life, which, to be fair, doesn't happen to me all that often because I am a serial compulsive podcaster, and I've been and I have been, for years. I'm always podcasting and rarely go more than a few days without recording and podcasting something. It sounds like I I've got some sort of compulsive obsession, but I think it's okay.

我觉得自己还能控制。我知道你们在想什么：'卢克，你是怎么熬过五周不做播客的？你的世界崩塌了吗？大脑爆炸了吗？'

I think I've got it in check. Now I know what you're thinking. You're thinking, Luke, how did you cope with no podcasting for five weeks? Did your entire world fall apart? Did your brain explode?

'难道你的脑子从脑袋里掉出来了？'其实并没有，我很好。事实上这段空白期对我来说很珍贵。每当不由自主想到播客，在脑海里构思回归后的首期内容（也就是本期）时，我就告诉自己：'卢克，你在度假，清空大脑。'

Did your brain fall out of your head or something? Well, actually, no. It was fine, and it was a welcome bit of headspace for me, in fact. Every time I found myself thinking about the podcast or doing some podcasting in my head and thinking about what I would say when I when I came back and did my first episode, which is actually this one, I just told myself, Luke, you're on holiday. Empty your brain.

要像水一样放空。接下来这段是关于我两岁儿子的，他精力过于旺盛，我必须定期带他去公园。他开始'爬墙'（不是字面意思）并把家里弄得一团糟，所以外出逛公园是唯一的解决办法。

Just be like water. Just be. This next clip is when I talked about my son who is two years old, and he's got so much energy that I have to take him to the park on a regular basis. He starts climbing the walls, not literally, and sort of tearing the place apart. So going outside and visiting parks is really the only way.

他从不在一个地方久留，所以我总得追着他跑。不过没关系，这是让他发泄精力的好方法。公平地说，和他在一起很愉快，他也很可爱。他现在开始学说话了，这真是太棒了。

He never stays in one place for long, so I'm constantly chasing after him. But it's okay. It's it's a good way to let him blow off steam. To be fair, it is lovely being with him, and he's adorable. He's starting to speak now, and it's just amazing.

但有时在巴黎市中心那些可能有老鼠——或者说肯定有老鼠栖息的破旧公园里，确实会让人有点紧张。偶尔你会看到它们窜过小路或在灌木丛中出没，这可不怎么令人愉快。更不用说地上的鸟粪和偶尔出现的流浪汉了，不过没关系，这些都是和我的小男孩共度的美好时光。

But sometimes it is a bit stressful when you're in a dodgy park in Central Paris, which probably or, let's say, definitely has rats living in it. And sometimes you see them. You might see one running across, the path or you see them in the bushes, which is not very nice. Not to mention bird poo on the floor and the occasional homeless person, but it's okay. It was good quality time with my little boy.

好的。接下来这段录音是我谈到去奥斯陆的蒙克博物馆参观著名画作《呐喊》时的感受。就这幅画的象征意义和视觉语言而言，其力量在于大师级地运用视觉元素传递情感。首先是那个扭曲的人物形象，这个被简化的人形。

Okay. So this next clip is when I talked about going to the monk museum, the Edward Monk museum in Oslo, and seeing the famous scream painting. So in terms of the symbolism and visual language of the painting its power lies in its masterful use of visual elements to convey emotion. So first of all there is the distorted figure. This figure, this person simplified.

人物的面部特征被简化了，头部几乎像个骷髅，张着大嘴，瞪圆双眼。这不禁让人联想到电影《惊声尖叫》里那个著名的白色面具——同样咧着大嘴、瞪大双眼的面具。毫无疑问，这个设计部分受到了这幅画的启发。这种扭曲消除了主角的具体身份，使其成为人类痛苦的普遍象征。

The person's features are simplified. His head is almost like a skull with a gaping mouth and wide eyes. And it does make you think of the the that mask from the movie Scream, you know, that famous white mask with the gaping mouth, the wide eyes. Surely, it was partly influenced by this painting. This distortion removes the specific identity of the main figure, making it a universal symbol of human anguish.

人物的身体如同周围风景般波动溶解，暗示着主角正被来自自然的强烈情绪所吞噬。还有那动荡的背景，漩涡般的炽热色彩直接视觉化呈现了蒙克描述的'贯穿自然的尖叫'——当太阳西沉时，血红的天空与蓝黑的峡湾不仅是对日落的描绘，

Its body seems to ripple and dissolve in the same way that the landscape does, suggesting that the figure is being consumed by the overwhelming feeling which is coming to him through nature. There's also the turbulent landscape. The background of swirling fiery colors is a direct visual representation of the sound that Munch described. This scream through nature as the sun went down. The blood red sky and the blue black fjord are not just a description of a sunset.

更是一片情感风景。那些盘旋弯曲的线条营造出混乱与不安，与人物行走的笔直桥面形成鲜明对比——那座桥代表着他已抛诸脑后的理性世界。好了，以上就是我谈论假期见闻的几个片段，包括先前提到的那幅《呐喊》画作。现在你将听到进阶系列71中的几个片段，这是记忆测试环节。

They're an emotional landscape. The swirling curving lines creating a sense of chaos and instability, a direct contrast to the rigid linear bridge which he is walking along, which represents the rational world that the figure has left behind. Okay. So just a couple of clips from the episode where I talked about a couple of different aspects of the holiday, including that that painting, the scream, that I mentioned earlier. So now you're gonna get a couple of clips from, premium series 71, and this is the memory quiz section.

简单来说，我会解释几个之前实际用过的单词和短语，看看你们能否辨认出来。告诉我这些短语是什么？你们能用它们造句吗？好的，让我们看看你们注意到了什么，掌握了多少，能做到什么程度，之后我们再继续接下来的流程。

Essentially, let me explain some words and phrases for you that I actually used previously and see if you can identify. Tell me what the phrases are. Can you put them into sentences? Okay. Let's just see what you noticed, what you know, what you're able to do here, and we'll go into the rest of the process afterwards.

但首先，是记忆测试题。开始吧。第一题，你会怎么称呼那些无法停止制作播客节目的人？我知道你可能会说卢克，但你会如何形容一个无法停止制作播客节目的人？

But first, memory quiz questions. Here we go. Right. So number one, what would you call someone who can't stop making podcast episodes? I know you probably call them Luke, but what would you call someone how would you describe someone who can't stop making podcast episodes?

几乎像上瘾一样。所以你可以说，卢克，你是个嗯嗯播客狂，一个嗯嗯播客狂，就是无法停止做这件事的人。记得我说过，我是个连续嗯嗯播客狂，所以这里的关键词是'强迫性'。明白了吗？所以答案是强迫性。

Almost like it's an addiction. So you could say that, Luke, you are a mm-mm podcaster, a mm-mm podcaster, someone who just can't do can't stop doing it. So if you remember, I said, I'm a serial mm-mm podcaster, so compulsive is the word there. Alright? So that was compulsive.

第二题，如果你成功控制住自己的情绪或习惯，你会怎么做？我说过，我是个强迫性播客狂，但没关系。我想我已经控制住了。你可以说，我认为我已经控制住了。我意识到了这点，并且已经控制住了。

Number two, if you manage to keep your emotions or habits under control, what do you do? So the phrase, I said, I am a compulsive podcaster, but it's okay. I think I've got it. You could say, I think I've got it under control. I think I'm aware of it, and I've got it under control.

我用某种方式控制住了。我用捷克语说就是控制住了。比如，老师成功用捷克语管住了吵闹的班级。对我来说，我用捷克语控制住了我的播客习惯。

I've got it in something. I've got it in Czech. Right? So for example, the teacher managed to keep the noisy class in Czech. For me, I've got my got my podcasting habits in Czech.

我是说，我的播客是英语的。不是捷克语的。不是用捷克语做的。那样就太奇怪了，对吧？就像，你听说卢克的播客变成捷克语了吗？

I mean, I've got my podcast in English. It's not in Czech. It's not in the Czech language. That would be weird, wouldn't it? It's like, have you heard Luke's got his podcast in Czech?

什么？他开始用捷克语做播客了？不。是英语的，但是是'控制住了'的状态。哦，我明白了。

What? He started doing it in Czech? No. It's in English, but it's in Czech. Oh, I see.

他控制住了。他并没有太沉迷于此。不。他把他的英语播客'控制住了'。是的。

He he has it under control. It's he's not too obsessive about it. No. He's got his English podcast in Czech. Yeah.

好的。没错。第三题。当生活艰难时，哪个动词短语表示应对或处理它？我们可能之前做过这道题，但这是个相当高频的短语。

Okay. Right. Number three. When life is hard, what verb phrase means to manage it or to deal with it? We've probably done this one before but this is a pretty high frequency phrase.

遇到困难但你正在应对。明白吗？特别是生活中的事情，可能是情感方面的。她发现很难应对搬到新国家的压力。发现很难处理它。

Something difficult but you're dealing with it. Okay? Particularly things in your life, maybe emotional things. She found it hard to the stress of moving to a new country. Found it hard to deal with it.

发现很难记住？应对。对吧？所以应对某事。是的。

Found it hard to remember? Cope with. Right? So to cope with something. Yeah.

我记得在节目里说过，是的，我离开了播客五周。所以你们可能在想，卢克，你是怎么熬过来的，五周不能做播客？好了，继续。第四题，如果你去跑步或大喊来释放压力或挫败感，你这是在做什么？

I think in the episode, I was saying that, yeah, I was away from from the podcast for five weeks. So you might be thinking, Luke, how did you cope with that, with not being able to podcast for five weeks? Okay. Moving on. Number four, if you go for a run or shout to release stress or frustration, what are you doing?

你积累了压力或挫败感。也许你会去在周三晚上踢场足球之类的，这能帮你释放所有压力。这很宣泄。也许你去跑步。也许你只是大喊。

So you build up stress or frustration. Maybe you go and like play a game of football on a Wednesday evening or something, and it helps you to relieve all your stress. It's cathartic. Maybe you go for a run. Maybe you just shout.

我不知道。比如走进森林然后大喊，之后回来感觉好多了。以我孩子为例，尤其是我儿子，他精力旺盛。他需要释放那些能量。总之这个短语或习语是发泄。发泄什么？

I don't know. Like, go into the forest and just, and then you come back and you feel much better. In the case of my kids, especially my son, he's got a lot of energy. He needs to release that energy. So anyway, the phrase or the idiom is to blow To blow what?

发泄蒸汽。对吧？发泄蒸汽。你可以想象一个锅，一个炖锅煮水时盖着盖子，水开后充满蒸汽。如果顶部有个孔，蒸汽就会喷出来。

To blow off blow off steam. Right? To blow off steam. You can imagine a cooker, you know, a a pan, a saucepan boiling water with the lid on, and as the water boils, it fills up with steam. And, if there's a hole in the top, then the steam comes flying out.

所以开孔能让它释放压力。同理，人们也需要这样做，当压力和紧张积累时，我们需要采取措施帮助释放所有这些压力。需要发泄一下。第31题：哪个形容词表示僵硬、不灵活或不愿改变？僵硬、不灵活、不愿改变。

So the opening the hole allows it to blow off steam. Similarly people we need to do the same thing where pressure stress builds up and we need to do things to help get all of that pressure out. Need to blow off steam. Number 31 what adjective means stiff, inflexible or unwilling to change? Stiff, inflexible, unwilling to change.

这就是制度，我们总是坚持制度，不会改变。制度是不可更改的。就像我发现那个制度非常不灵活。以r开头，非常不...限制性？受限？Rigid（僵化的）。

This is the system and we always stick to the system, we don't change. The system cannot be changed. It's like oh I found that system very inflexible. Begins with an r, very not restrictive, restricted maybe? Rigid.

Rigid（僵化的）。Rigidity（僵化）。对。这就像是灵活性的反面，就是僵化。

Rigid. Rigidity. Yes. Okay, this is like the opposite of flexibility. It's rigidity.

如果某物是灵活的，它的反面就是僵化的。对。比如一个僵化的制度。我是怎么用这个词的？谈到我在挪威的假期时我们会看到。

And if something's flexible, the opposite of that is it's rigid. Yes. Like a rigid system. How did I use that? Talking about my holiday in Norway we will see.

第32题：哪个形容词描述事物沿直线发展或逻辑递进？啊，这是一个接一个直线发展的，比如电影中的故事情节。大多数电影和书籍都讲述一个故事。它们从开头开始，随着时间推移，故事按时间顺序发展，所以都是直线式的。但有些故事会打乱顺序，出现闪回片段，甚至像昆汀·塔伦蒂诺的电影《低俗小说》那样，影片第一部分实际上是故事结尾按时间顺序发生的内容。

Number 32: What adjective describes things that go in straight lines or progress logically? Ah this is one after the other in a straight line like for example a storyline in a movie. Most movies, most books tell a story. They start with the beginning then as time progresses the story follows the chronological order so it's all in one line. But then some stories they mix it up where you get flashback sequences or even something like Pulp Fiction, Quentin Tarantino's film where the first section of the film is actually what chronologically happens at the end of the story.

但你最先看到这部分。所以它不是连贯的。不是线性的。不是线性的。所以线性就是指一切沿直线发展或逻辑递进，一个接一个。

But you see it first. So it's not it's all cut up. It's not linear. It's not linear. So linear is everything going in straight lines or progressing logically one thing after the other.

对吧？这就是线性的。好了，这些是一些记忆测试题。你都答对了吗？

Right? That's linear. Okay. So those were some memory quiz questions. Did you get them all right?

我很好奇你们答对了多少。现在让我们再看几个片段，同样来自第一部分和第三部分。这里我会解释那些短语，澄清它们，给出明确的定义，并提供更多例子，让你们全面理解这些词汇短语的含义及用法。现在来看这些片段吧。好的。

I wonder how many you got right. Let's now have a look at a couple of other clips, again, from part one and from part three. This is where I'm explaining those phrases, clarifying them, giving you clear definitions, and providing you with more examples to give you a proper rounded sense of what these words and phrases mean and how they're used. So let's see those clips now. Right.

让我逐一讲解，再补充些教学内容。第一个词是compulsive（强迫性的）。对吧？一个serial compulsive podcaster（系列强迫症播客主）。最初我说我是个多年如此的习惯性强迫症播客主。

So let me go through those and just give you some more bits of teaching. So the first one was compulsive. Right? A serial compulsive podcaster. Originally, I said I am a serial compulsive podcaster and have been for years.

这个词的定义是指某人非常频繁且近乎痴迷地录制和发布播客。Serial部分，s-e-r-i-a-l，意为反复不断地，就像连环杀手（serial killer）那样。这里指的是系列播客主。

So I'm talking about the definition of this is someone who records and publishes podcasts very frequently and almost obsessively. The serial part, s e r I a l. S e r I a l. Serial meaning again and again and again, like a serial killer. In this case, a serial podcaster.

我觉得当系列播客主总比当连环杀手稍微好那么一点点吧。当然，肯定是这样。

I think the the serial podcaster is slightly slightly better than being being a serial killer, I think. Yeah. I mean, yeah. Of course. Of course, it is.

这有什么好怀疑的？虽然说起来，电视上连环杀手题材倒是很受欢迎对吧？那么多关于连环杀手的剧集和电影，这让我不禁思考人类群体——为什么我们都对此如此着迷？

Why would there be any doubt? I mean, you know, although saying that, the TV I mean, serial killers are very popular and successful in media though, aren't they? I mean, there's so many shows and films about serial killers. It does make me wonder about the human population. What why are we all so fascinated by that?

搞不懂。总之我是个系列播客主，一个接一个不停地做。但同时我也是强迫症播客主，意味着我几乎停不下来。只要有个点子，就非得立刻实现；下午有空闲时，明明可以放松休息，

I don't know. Anyway, I'm a serial podcaster just one after the other again and again and again. But I'm a compulsive podcaster as well, which means that I just kind of, like, almost can't stop doing it. So if I just have an idea, suddenly I have to do it. If I'm just if I've got an afternoon free, I just think, well, I could just relax and enjoy, doing nothing.

但偏不——我觉得还是录个播客吧。这就是强迫行为。刚才提到的serial（系列），就像cereal killer（谷物杀手）那样反复出现——不过不是指吃的那个cereal（麦片）。

But oh, no. I think I'll do a podcast. It's just it's a compulsion. So cereal, I've I've just mentioned this again and again, like a cereal killer. But not cereal the thing you eat.

那就像玉米片。那是c开头的谷物食品，c-e-r-e-a-l。这就是你早餐吃的东西。好吧。

That's like cornflakes. That's cereal with a c. That's c e r e a l. And that's what you eat for breakfast. All right.

是的。强迫症，指因突然产生强烈冲动或动机而做出某事。这种冲动可能难以控制。比如，一个病态说谎者。

Yeah. Okay. Compulsive, something happens because you get an urge, a strong sudden urge or motivation to do it. This is an urge that you might not be able to control. A compulsive liar, for example.

对吧？你会这么说吗？病态说谎者就是无法停止说谎的人。病态赌徒是对播客上瘾的人。而病态播客主则是突然有持续制作播客节目的冲动。

Right? Would you say that? A compulsive liar is someone who can't stop lying. A compulsive gambler is someone who is addicted to podcasting. A compulsive podcaster is someone who feels sudden motivations to keep making podcast episodes.

从词性看，这是个名词短语。写一个'病态播客主'。这是名词短语。'病态'是形容词。再比如，她是个连续病态播客主，每周固定发布两到三期节目。

The part of speech, it's a noun phrase. Write a compulsive podcaster. It's a noun phrase. Compulsive is an adjective. Another example, she is a serial compulsive podcaster releasing two or three episodes a week without fail.

好的。自称'连续病态播客主'本意是幽默且略带自嘲。将'难以停止'的强迫性，与'反复'的连续性结合。第二点，控制某事或保持某事受控，c-h-e-c-k。

Okay. By calling myself a serial compulsive podcaster, it was supposed to be humorous and slightly self deprecating. Combining the idea of being compulsive, it's hard to stop with be with serial, meaning repeatedly. Yeah. Number two, to have something in check or to keep something in check, c h e c k.

控制住某事。或者别担心，我已经控制住了。别担心，我正在努力控制它。

Keep something in check. Or don't worry. I've got it in check. Don't worry. I'm trying to keep it in check.

所以我虽然是个病态播客主，但我觉得自己控制住了，意思是它在掌控之中。这是个动词短语'控制某事'。老师成功管住了吵闹的班级。就是说老师让吵闹的班级保持受控状态。

So I'm a compulsive podcaster, but I think I've got it in check, meaning I've got it under control. Right. It's a verb phrase to keep something in check. The teacher managed to keep the noisy class in check. So the teacher kept the noisy class under control.

她把它们控制住了。这个词常用于情绪，比如我非常兴奋但没关系，我能控制住。习惯也是，比如我是个强迫症收藏复古任天堂游戏机的人，但没关系，我能控制。我公寓里只收藏了364台而已。

She kept them in check. It's often used for emotions, you know, I'm very excited but it's okay, I've got it in check. Habits, you know, I'm a compulsive collector of vintage Nintendos, but it's okay. I've got it in check. I've only got 300 60 fours in my apartment.

所以没关系，我能控制住。或者破坏性行为，虽然我不清楚具体指什么。任何破坏性行为就像，你知道，他有妥瑞氏症会不停喊叫，但没关系。

So it's alright. I've got it in check. Or disruptive behavior. I don't know what that would be. Any disruptive behaviour just like, you know, he's got Tourette's, he can't stop shouting, but it's okay.

他正在控制住。正在掌控局面。好。第三点，应对某事。对吧？

He's getting it in check. Getting it under control. Okay. Number three, to cope with something. Right?

比如卢克，你是怎么应对五周没有播客的？意思就是有效处理某事。例如她发现很难应对搬到新国家的压力。这是日常和学术英语中非常常见的短语，用于各种情境，常与压力、变化或困境相关。

For example, Luke, how did you cope with no podcasting for five weeks? So it means to deal effectively with something to manage it. She found it hard to cope with the stress of moving to a new country, for example. It's a very common phrase in everyday and academic English. It's used in all sorts of contexts, often linked with stress or change or hardship.

明白吗？你会怎么应对？我不知道。我是说，你是不是和我沉迷制作播客一样沉迷听我的播客？如果我像之前那样休息五周，但没能提前准备好五期节目在我离开期间发布。

Okay? How would you cope? I don't know. If you I mean, are you are you as addicted to listening to my podcast as I am to making it? And if I if I, for example, had taken five weeks off as I did, but just not managed to, produce five episodes to be released while I was away.

如果我没那么做，你要怎么熬过五周没有卢克英语播客的日子？我想你能活下来的。播客档案里肯定还有你没听过的节目，你可以翻翻旧档找些没听过的老节目。可能有些是几年前的了，但内容应该还不过时。

If I hadn't done that, how would you have coped without Luke's English podcast for five weeks? I think you would have survived. There's I'm sure there are episodes in the archive that you haven't heard. You could just go back into the archive and find some old episodes that you haven't heard yet. They might be a few years old, but they're still still fresh, I hope.

你看，我们用这些词汇谈论艺术，也能用来讨论政治、经济、情感或社会。这就是为什么有时我觉得按主题分类语言教学——比如这是谈论艺术的语言，那是谈论政治的语言——但实际上这些用法经常是交叉的。

You know, we use these words to talk about art. You can also use them to talk about politics or economics or emotions, society. You know? That's why sometimes I think using a topic based approach where it's like here's the language we use to talk about art, here's the language we use to talk about politics. But you often find that actually mix.

最终你会发现，我们在谈论经济时，会使用描述自然世界（如水或天气）的表达方式。因此，认识到这一点很有用——你可能会想‘卢克，我对艺术并不真正感兴趣’，好吧，但你可能对经济学感兴趣。有趣的是，所有这些词汇经常可以跨不同主题领域通用。第31个词是‘rigid（僵硬的）’，再次回到画作讨论。

You end up with we use expressions for talking about, for example, the natural world like water or weather when you're talking about the economy. So it's quite useful to see that, to know that, that you might be thinking but Luke I'm not really interested in art, Okay, but you might be interested in economics. And so it's interesting to note that all these words are often transferrable across different topic areas. Number 31 is rigid. Again talking about the painting.

那座僵硬的桥。所有这些旋转的线条、扭曲的形状、混乱的水流、不稳定的天空以及前景中惊恐发作的人物，都与那座线条清晰笔直的僵硬桥梁形成鲜明对比——这座线性桥梁笔直延伸至远方，代表着人物已逃离的理性世界。‘rigid’意味着坚硬、不易弯曲、难以改变。我们常说‘规则太过僵化，扼杀了创造力’。比如我上学时，那是个极度僵化的体系，既没有创造空间，也不允许独立思考，智力层面毫无即兴发挥余地。这个词既可形容‘rigid metal（刚性金属）’这类物理特性，也可描述‘rigid thinking（僵化思维）’的态度。

The rigid bridge. So all these swirling lines, the swirling shapes, the chaos, the instability of the water, the sky and the figure in the front having a panic attack is a contrast to the rigid bridge with its clear straight lines, its linear this linear bridge that stretches off into the distance straight line this represents the rational world that the figure has left behind so rigid stiff inflexible not easily changed the rules we often say the rules were too rigid to allow any creativity. You know, like at my school, there was no room for creativity or for individual, much individual thought. It was very a very rigid system, and there was no room for improvisation intellectually. So this can describe objects like rigid metal, which doesn't flex or bend, or rigid thinking, to describe attitudes.

好的。第32个词：‘Linear（线性的）’。又是这个词。线性即呈直线排列。

Yeah. Number 32: Linear. Linear. There's that word again. Linear in a straight line.

在这幅画背景中的线性桥梁。‘linear’意味着由直线构成，或以直线逻辑顺序发展。比如线性透视法——这在数学、艺术和写作风格中都很常见。正如我之前提到的《低俗小说》就是线性叙事：开头是约翰·特拉沃尔塔和塞缪尔·杰克逊在餐厅的场景，随后另两个角色‘小南瓜’和‘小兔子’决定抢劫这家餐厅。

So the linear bridge in this case in the background of the painting. Linear means consisting of straight lines progressing in a straight or logical sequence. So a linear perspective. This is common in maths, it's common in art, it's common in writing styles, a linear narrative as I said before, pulp fiction. It begins with John Travolta and Samuel L Jackson in the diner situation And then there are the two other characters, Pumpkin and Honey Bunny, who decide that they're gonna rob the diner.

他们持枪试图抢劫时，恰好撞上约翰·特拉沃尔塔和塞缪尔·杰克逊扮演的两个狠角色杀手。接着电影倒叙，切换到完全不同的故事线。这种叙事并非线性——它从这里开始，跳回另一处，又再次折返。这正是《低俗小说》的精妙之处。

And they with their guns, they they try to rob the diner, and then they come across these two badass assassins played by John Travolta and Samuel L Jackson. And then the film rewinds and goes back to another a whole other part of the narrative. So the narrative is not linear. It starts here, goes back here, then moves back there again. That's one of the brilliant things about pulp fiction.

你看过这部昆汀·塔伦蒂诺的电影吗？非线性叙事的电影往往很有趣，因为它们能呈现不同的故事视角。而大多数小说、书籍和电影采用线性叙事，按时间顺序推进事件，这是最经典的叙事方式。总之，‘linear’就是直线排列、前后相继。

Have you seen it? That Quentin Tarantino film? Films with with nonlinear narratives are often very interesting because they allow you to tell a different story, you know, or see a different story. Whereas most stories, most novels, most books, most films do tell a linear narrative where everything happens in chronological order one thing after another which is the classic way to tell a story. So anyway linear in a straight line one thing after another.

这里的线性叙事对应画中的线性桥梁。现在我要播放高级系列第71期第五部分的片段——该部分专门训练发音。你们可以跟我跟读，这些句子出自我编写的文章，包含了本系列其他课程教授的所有词汇。

A linear narrative in this case a linear bridge. Okay so now I'd like to play you a clip from part five in premium series 71. And in part five, it was all about pronunciation practice. And so you're gonna be able to repeat after me. So there are some lines from an article which I created, which included all of the vocabulary that I taught in the other parts of this series.

这里的重点是跟着我重复，模仿节奏、重音和语调。明白吗？所以和我一起听，然后有机会时，大声重复我说的话。这样你就能了解我的付费订阅中发音课程的内容。我们开始吧。

And so the focus here is on repeating after me and copying the rhythm, the stress, and the intonation as well. Okay? So listen with me, and then when you get the chance, actually repeat what I'm saying out loud. So this will give you an idea of what happens in pronunciation episodes in my premium subscription. So here we go.

看文本并标记这些内容。首先，标记停顿。每次有停顿，无论是小停顿还是大停顿，用某种方式标记出来。你可以用笔标记，或在屏幕上画线，用一两道线在文本中标出停顿的位置。

Look at the text and mark these things. So first of all, mark the pauses. So each time there is a pause, either a small pause or a big pause, mark it in some way. Now you can mark those pauses with a pen or by drawing on the screen. Just mark sort of two two lines a a line or two lines to to mark in the text where there should be a pause.

你可以用笔或屏幕标注来做，但最好的方法是复制文本粘贴到可编辑的文档中。然后为每个停顿创建新行——每次遇到停顿就按回车键，使其另起一行。这样每行就是一个语块，最终将文章转化为由停顿分隔的多个语块。

You could do that with a pen or by annotating the screen, but the best way is to actually copy the text and paste it into a document that you can manipulate. Then you can create a new line for each pause. So every time there's a pause, you've hit enter, and it puts that onto a new line. So you're doing each chunk on a line. The result will be that you will convert the article into a series of chunks or lines with pauses that separate each one.

明白吗？接着考虑句子重音。为每个语块确定哪些词需要重读，通常每个语块至少有一个主要重读音节，但其他词也可能需要重音。基本上，判断哪些词应该重读、需要强调，并在每个语块中至少给一个重读音节加下划线。懂了吗？

Okay? Then you can think about sentence stress. For each chunk, decide which words are stressed, And there's usually at least one main stressed syllable in each chunk, but often other words are stressed a bit too. So, basically, decide which words you think should be stressed, which words should be given emphasis, and underline at least one stressed syllable in each chunk. Okay?

然后是语调。注意是否有需要升调或降调的地方。特别是在每个语块结束时尤其重要。对吧？

And then intonation. Consider if there are moments when your voice should go up or down. Okay? And especially this is especially true at the end of each chunk. Okay?

那么你的声音应该上扬还是下降？可以用箭头标记这些地方，上箭头或下箭头。当然语调比这复杂得多，但这只是给你一个基本指导。保持简单反而更有帮助。

And so should your voice go up or should it go down? And you can mark those things with an arrow, either an arrow pointing upwards or an arrow pointing downwards. Okay? Now intonation is more complex than that, but this is just to give you a a hand, basically. Just just keeping it simple can can can be helpful.

对吧？基本上就是判断用升调还是降调，可以用小箭头标记。现在我给你举个例子。好吗？

Right? So, basically, is it are you going up or are you going down? And you can mark those things with a little arrow. Now let me give you an example. Okay?

这是文本的第一段，下面是我的有声脚本版本。所以文本的第一段，我的意思是，我现在可以像机器人一样读一下第一段。所以我要不加修饰地读出来。听起来会是这样的。这是无聊、糟糕的版本，机器人版本。

Here's the first paragraph of the text with my sound scripted version underneath it. So the first paragraph of the text I mean, I could say the first paragraph now a bit like a robot. So I'm gonna do it without sound scripting it. So it sounds like this. This is the boring, bad version, the robot version.

在一个充斥着持续通知和强迫性查看手机冲动的世界里，我们许多人都感到精神超负荷。现代生活常常像一条僵化的线性时间线：工作、屏幕、截止日期。为了保持理智，我们试图控制一切，管理压力水平、人际关系和承诺。但即使是最自律的头脑也可能难以应对所有这些噪音。好了。

In a world of constant notifications and a compulsive urge to check our phones, many of us feel mentally overloaded. Modern life often seems like a rigid linear timeline, work, screens, deadlines. To stay sane, we try to keep things in check to manage stress levels, relationships, and commitments. But even the most disciplined mind can struggle to cope with all the noise. Alright.

刚才读得不太好。我的意思是，每个词都发音正确，但表现力不够。所以这是我的有声脚本版本。这是我希望你对剩余文本所做的示范。如果你看PDF文件，实际上会看到我已经将其分块并标注好的脚本版本。

Now that wasn't very good. I mean, I pronounced each word correctly, but it wasn't really well presented. So here is my sound scripted version. This is an example of what I want you to do with the rest of the text. And if you look at the PDF, you will actually see the scripted version where I've broken it into chunks, and I've annotated it in that way.

所以听起来是这样的：在一个充斥着持续通知和强迫性查看手机冲动的世界里，我们许多人都感到精神超负荷。现代生活常常像一条僵化的线性时间线。工作、屏幕、截止日期。为了保持理智，我们试图控制一切，管理压力水平、人际关系和承诺。

So it sounds like this. In a world of constant notifications and a compulsive urge to check our phones, many of us feel mentally overloaded. Modern life often seems like a rigid linear timeline. Work, screens, deadlines. To stay sane, we try to keep things in check, to manage stress levels, relationships, and commitments.

但即使是最自律的头脑也可能难以应对所有这些噪音。明白吗？这就是有声脚本版本。你现在可以跟着我重复这些句子。好吗？

But even the most disciplined mind can struggle to cope with all the noise. Okay? So that's the sound scripted version. What you can do now is repeat those lines after me. Okay?

在我们看剩余文本并为其他六个段落制作有声脚本之前，我们先针对第一段做些听读练习。跟着我重复。好吗？在一个充斥着持续通知的世界里...在一个充斥着持续通知的世界里，你懂吧？在一个充斥着持续通知和强迫性查看手机冲动的世界里...和强迫性查看手机冲动的世界里，你...

So let's just work on a bit of listen and repeat with that first paragraph before you look at the rest of the text and sound script the other six paragraphs that you will find. So just repeat after me. Okay? In a world of constant notifications in a world of constant notifications, you you know? In a world of constant notifications and a compulsive urge to check our phones and a compulsive urge to check our phones, you.

在一个充斥着持续...和强迫性查看手机冲动的世界里，我们许多人都感到精神超负荷。我们许多人都感到精神超负荷。我们许多人都感到精神超负荷。我会尽量少打断，因为我知道你只想跟读，但我必须说，有时我在脚本上用箭头标注的语调变化——就是你可能会看到的那个——其实取决于你的理解。对吧？

In a world of constant and a compulsive urge to check our phones, Many of us feel mentally overloaded. Many of us feel mentally overloaded. Many of us feel mentally overloaded. I'll try not to interrupt too much because I know you just want to repeat but I have to say sometimes the way that I've added intonation with arrows on the script that you might be looking at, I mean, it's kind of it depends on your interpretation. Right?

但这就是我的做法。为了避免歧义，我们就说我的方式是正确的。实际上，可能还有其他可能性。比如，在结尾处选择何时降调。通常，我们倾向于在做结论或讲完一个要点时降调。

But this is the way I'm doing it. And so just to avoid ambiguity, let's just say that my way is the correct way. In actual fact, there might be other possibilities. You know, for example, choosing when you when you go down at the end. Normally, we tend to go down when you make a conclusion or when you come to the end of a point.

在铺垫情境时，我们往往会像这样逐步升调。在得出你所要表达的结论之前，我们会这样逐步升高音调。而当我们真正完成那个特定要点时，最后会降调。明白了吗？好的。

You tend to go up, up, up like that when you are kind of setting up the situation. And before you have reached your conclusion in whatever point you're making, we tend to go up, up, up like that. And then when we actually finally finish that particular point, we go down at the end. Right? Okay.

现代生活常常像一条僵化的线性时间轴。现代生活常常像一条僵化的线性时间轴。现代生活常常像一条僵化的线性时间轴。工作、屏幕、截止日期。工作、屏幕、截止日期。

Modern life often seems like a rigid linear timeline. Modern life often seems like a rigid linear timeline. Modern life often seems like a rigid linear timeline. Work, screens, deadlines. Work, screens, deadlines.

现代生活常常像一条僵化的线性时间轴。工作、屏幕、截止日期。为了保持理智，我们试图控制一切。为了保持理智，我们试图控制一切。为了保持理智，我们试图控制一切。

Modern life often seems like a rigid linear timeline. Work, screens, deadlines. To stay sane, we try to keep things in check. To stay sane, we try to keep things in check. To stay sane, we try to keep things in check.

听起来我正在升调以维持控制。为了保持理智，我们试图控制一切。好，我们这样说：为了保持理智，我们试图控制一切。管理压力水平、人际关系和各种责任。管理压力水平、人际关系和各种责任。

It sounds like I'm going up to to keep things in check. To stay sane, we try to keep things in check. Okay let's say it like that to stay sane we try to keep things in check. To manage stress levels, relationships, and commitments. To manage stress levels, relationships, and commitments.

但即使是最自律的头脑也可能难以应对所有噪音。但即使...但即使是最自律的头脑也可能难以应对所有噪音。但即使是最自律的头脑也可能难以应对所有噪音。好的。以上就是发音部分的一个小片段。

But even the most disciplined mind can struggle to cope with all the noise. But even the moon but even the most disciplined mind can struggle to cope with all the noise. But even the most disciplined mind can struggle to cope with all the noise. Okay. So that was a little clip of the pronunciation part.

在实际剧集中，还有更多部分。大约有五六个段落你可以跟着我练习重复，我认为这是非常好的影子跟读练习，或者说控制性发音训练。最后我想分享为这些词汇设计的讨论问题。对吧？这就算是整个流程的收尾了。

In the actual episode, there are more sections. There are about five or six paragraphs that you can practice repeating after me, which is, I think, a very good exercise in just shadowing basically or controlled pronunciation practice. And then finally, I just want to share discussion questions, which I've created for this vocabulary. Right? So this would be the sort of end of the process.

完成所有这些练习后，你可以尝试通过用这些词汇谈论自己或表达个人想法来个性化掌握它们。比如'强迫性'这个词，问题可以是：你认识有点强迫症倾向的人吗？他们有哪些表现？你自己是否在某些方面有强迫倾向？

After you've done all of that practice, you can actually try to personalize the vocabulary by using it to talk about yourself or express your own ideas. So for for the word compulsive, questions are this. Do you know anyone who is a bit compulsive? What do they do? Are you compulsive in any way?

你在哪些事情上会表现出强迫倾向？我自己就有点这方面特质。比如我之前提到过自己是个'强迫症播客主'，这确实是我的一个强迫行为。有时我会强烈感觉必须录制一期节目，哪怕本该下午休息放松，却总觉得有股冲动要录新内容。

What are you compulsive about? I can be a bit compulsive. I mean, I talked about being a compulsive podcaster. Think that is a compulsion that I have. Sometimes I just feel like I really want to I just really have to do a podcast episode and instead of maybe taking an afternoon off and just resting, I just feel that I have this need to record a new podcast episode.

这已经成了我表达想法或记录思考的一种习惯模式。所以我常会不由自主地想录新节目，不过我觉得自己还算能控制住。接下来是'控制某事/保持克制'这个表达。日常生活中你有哪些习惯或情绪需要加以控制？

It's become a sort of habit to express myself or record my thoughts in an episode. And so I often feel compelled to do new episodes, but I think I've got it in check. Yeah. So the next one is to keep something in check or to have something in check. What habits or emotions do you need to keep in check-in your daily life?

顺便说，听到这些问题时你可以暂停播客，立即大声回答或留待后续练习。记得查看本期配套PDF文件——找到这些问题清单并花时间用英语大声作答，这对后续正确使用词汇并牢固记忆有显著效果。

So as you hear these questions, by the way, you could pause the podcast and actually say them out loud or just use them later. Like, go and check. There's a PDF for this episode, by the way. Check the PDF and look at the questions and actually take the time to give your answers out loud in English. It makes a big difference to being able to not only use the vocabulary again properly later, but actually remember it.

那么日常生活中你有哪些需要克制的习惯或情绪？我想这种情况很普遍。很多人都在努力戒除某些习惯，比如我虽然偶尔会特别想吃巧克力（尤其是午晚餐后），但总体上还是坚持健康饮食。吃完正餐后总忍不住想来点甜食或巧克力。

So what habits or emotions do you need to keep in check-in your daily life? I mean I think I'm not the only one. I think there's a lot of people who have to make sure that we don't do certain habits. Like I try to eat well even though sometimes I feel a compulsion to eat chocolate, especially after I've eaten lunch or dinner. I've had my lunch and dinner and afterwards I just feel like I really want to have something sweet or chocolatey.

但显然不能过量摄入巧克力，我得注意健康管理。同样要控制饮酒量——有时晚上会觉得'就喝杯红酒或罐啤酒放松下'，但这种日常饮酒习惯并不健康。

But I obviously can't eat too much chocolate, I've got to look after my health so that's something I need to keep in check. And obviously you try not to drink too much alcohol. Sometimes at the end of the day, in the evening you feel like, oh, just a glass of wine or a can of beer. Feel that you need that just to kind of relax at the end of the day. But that's not the most healthy habit.

不该养成每天喝酒的习惯。这是我必须约束自己的方面，目前基本能做到有效控制。我妻子不喝酒，这确实有助于我保持节制。

You shouldn't drink on a daily basis. So that's something I have to keep in check. And I think I've basically managed to do that. It is something I managed to keep in check. My wife doesn't drink so that definitely helps me to keep my drinking in check.

要知道，我们家里其实不太常做这件事。我们不怎么喝酒。所以我觉得最近我确实控制住了饮酒。为了应对某些情况，你在国外旅行或生活时遇到过最难应对的情况是什么？困难嘛，当然，在日本生活时，那里的夏天非常非常炎热潮湿，这对我来说非常难以适应。

Know, just we're not really a it's not really a thing that we do at home. We don't drink a lot. So I think I've definitely got my drinking in check these days. To cope with something, what was the hardest situation you've ever had to cope with when travelling or living abroad? The hard well, I mean, of course, having lived in Japan their summers can be very very hot and humid and that was very difficult to cope with for me.

我发现很难应付东京地区八月闷热的天气。实在太潮湿、太热了，几乎无处可逃。虽然家里可以开空调，我的公寓也有空调，但说实话，连空调我也觉得难以适应。

I found it difficult to cope with the hot humid August weather in the Tokyo area. It was just so humid, so hot. It was hard to escape the heat. Obviously there's air conditioning which you could switch on at home. I had air conditioning in my apartment But I found it difficult to cope with the air conditioning as well to be honest.

我觉得空调让人脱水还是怎么的。我不习惯生活在空调环境中。所以要么是难以置信的闷热潮湿，要么因为空调变得又冷又干。我很难找到平衡点，觉得难以应对。这可能最终导致我极度疲惫，生病住院了两周。

I found it very dehydrating or something. I'm not used to living in air conditioned environments. So either it was unbelievably hot and humid or it was all kind of cold and dry because of the air conditioning. I found it very difficult to get the balance right, found it difficult to cope with that. That might have contributed to me getting very exhausted and ultimately getting sick and ending up in hospital for a couple of weeks.

我觉得无法适应气候可能确实是个问题。你听过这个故事吗？你肯定听过我的《在日本生病》的故事。如果想听可以回放往期节目，《在日本生病》。

I think that probably didn't help not being able to cope with the climate. Have you heard the story? You must have done my Sick in Japan story. You can go back into the episode archive and listen to that if you want to. Sick in Japan.

记不清具体哪一集了。但日本夏季的天气确实很难适应。下一个短语是'发泄情绪'。在压力山大的一天后，你通常怎么发泄情绪？你最喜欢的减压活动是什么？

Can't remember the the episode number. But it was difficult to cope with the weather in the summer weather in Japan. The next phrase is to blow off steam. So after a stressful day, how do you actually blow off steam? What's your favorite stress relief activity?

我喜欢通过演奏音乐来发泄情绪。其实我在乐队打鼓，这能帮我释放压力。和乐队成员一起打鼓一两个小时，演奏歌曲，这是相当消耗体力的活动，需要很多能量，能让我彻底发泄。之后我会感觉放松很多。

Well, I like to blow off steam by playing music. Actually, I play the drums in a band, and that helps me to blow off steam. Playing the drums for an hour or two with my bandmates, playing songs, it's it's quite physical. It requires a lot of energy, and it allows me to blow off steam. I feel much more relaxed afterwards.

这是消除紧张和压力的好方法。所以最近我通过打几小时鼓来发泄情绪。这对我大有裨益。下一个词是'刻板'。你有遇到过过于刻板的老师、老板或规则吗？

It's a good way to get rid of tension and stress. So I blow off steam these days by playing the drums for a couple of hours. That does me the world of good, I think. The next word is rigid. So have you ever had a teacher or boss or a rule that was too rigid?

你是怎么应对的？所以我不清楚，你们学校是什么情况？有很多规矩吗？是个非常僵化的体系吗？你有没有遇到过对员工管理方式非常刻板的老板？

How did you cope? So I don't know, what was it like at your school? Were there a lot of rules? Was it a very rigid system? Have you ever had a boss that had a very rigid approach to managing his staff or her staff.

那是什么感觉？什么时候该严格？什么时候该灵活？我想这是我作为英语老师需要考虑的问题。我该如何管理我的课堂？

How was that? And when is it good to be rigid? When is it better to be flexible? I guess this is something I have to think about as an English teacher. How do I manage my classroom?

我应该对我们进行的活动、做的事情非常严格吗？还是可以在方法上更灵活一些，更能根据学生的需求、要求或偏好调整教学内容？我能让学生对我们做的事情有更多掌控权吗？还是要对我的英语课实施更严格的体系，就像我是老师，我知道你学习的最佳方式，所以我们要按我的方式来。事情就得这么办。

Should I be very rigid about the activities we do, the things we do? Or can I be a bit more flexible in my approach, a bit more able to change what I'm doing to meet the needs or requirements or preferences of my students? Am I able to give the learners a lot more control over what we do? Or do I impose a much more rigid system on my English lessons where it's like I'm the teacher, I know the best way for you to learn, so we're gonna do it my way. That's the way it's gonna be done.

确实，有些课堂需要严格的方式，有些则需要更流畅灵活的方式。我发现需要更严格管理的班级往往是那些动力不足的，你需要管住他们，可以这么说。而那些可以更灵活的班级，通常适用于更独立或更有动力的学生，他们知道自己想要什么，有很强的学习动力，他们用学习英语的热情推动课程前进。你在那里支持他们，可以这样或那样跟随他们。不需要对他们想要的东西强加严格的结构，因为他们已经用自己的动力和问题在推动。

So yes, actually some classes require the rigid approach and some classes require a more fluid, flexible approach. I find that the classes that need the more rigid approach often are ones that perhaps are less motivated and you need to kind of keep them in line, keep them in check, let's say. And the ones where you could be more flexible often this works with students who are much more independent or much more motivated, meaning that they know what they want, they have a lot of motivation, they drive the lesson forward just in their enthusiasm for learning English. You're there to kind of support them and you're able to follow them this way and that way. You don't need to impose a rigid structure on what they want because they're already driving it with their own motivation and their own questions things like that.

是的，你既需要严格也需要灵活。还要有线性思维。那么你更喜欢情节线性的电影或书籍，还是时间线跳跃的那种？我举过《低俗小说》的例子，你看过这部电影吗？

Yeah, you need to be both rigid and flexible. And then linear as well. So do you prefer films or books with a linear storyline or ones that jump around in time? So I gave the example, I think, of the film Pulp Fiction. Have you actually seen it?

昆汀·塔伦蒂诺的《低俗小说》。可能还有其他采用非线性叙事方式的电影和故事。你更喜欢哪种？是喜欢事件按顺序发生的线性叙事电影，还是更喜欢非线性方式，电影中看到的事情以不同顺序发生？

Quentin Tarantino's Pulp Fiction. And there are probably other films and stories with a a nonlinear narrative. So what do you prefer? Do you prefer films where the events happen one after the other, just a linear narrative? Or do you prefer a more nonlinear approach where the things you see in the film happen in a different order?

我在想其他非线性电影的例子。你能想到其他叙事非线性的电影吗？比如可能从故事中间开始，然后闪回展示之前的时刻，时间线跳来跳去。是的，这类电影可能更有趣、更原创，而标准线性叙事的电影更常见，但可能显得有点无聊和平庸，对吧？是的。

I'm trying to think of other examples of nonlinear films. Can you think of any other examples of films that don't have a linear narrative where maybe you start in the middle of the narrative and then it flashes back to show you previous moments and you jump around. Yeah. Those those films can be kind of fun and interesting and a bit more original whereas films with a standard linear narrative is much more common but they can seem a little bit boring and ordinary, can't they? Yeah.

好的，这一集就到这里。以上只是LEP会员内容的示例，仅仅是示例。正如我所说，在会员系列71中，有超过50个短语和词汇。如果你想获取全部内容，只需订阅Luke's English播客会员。

Okay. So that's the end of this episode And that has been a sample, just a sample of what you get from LEP Premium. Just a sample. So there were, like I said, over 50 phrases, 50 bits of vocabulary in Premium Series 71. So if you wanna get the whole lot, just sign up for Luke's English podcast premium.

你可以在描述中找到链接，或者访问teacherluke.co.uk/premium。你将获得所有会员专集的访问权限，这些内容都在会员网站上。你可以轻松将LEP会员添加到手机上的播客应用，包括Apple播客和Spotify。在那里收听节目时，你还能找到每集的PDF文档链接和视频版本。每集都包含指导你学习所需的一切内容。

You'll find the link in the description or go to teacherluke.co.uk/premium. You'll get access to all of the premium episodes. They're all available on the premium website, and you can easily add LEP Premium to a podcast app on your phone, including Apple Podcasts and Spotify. And you can listen to the episodes there, and you'll find links for PDFs for every episode and also video versions of every episode too. And they're full of everything you need to guide you in your learning with each episode.

访问teacherluke.co.uk/premium，或直接点击描述中的链接。好的。很好。不错。很好。

Teacherluke.co.uk/premium or just click the link in the description. Okay. Alright. Nice one. Good.

好。好。好。好好好好。五个'好'字了。

Good. Good. Good. Good good good good. Five that's five goods.

实际上有十个，因为我说了两遍对吧？甚至更多。我的意思是这期内容真的很棒。充满了精彩内容，希望你也这么认为。

In fact 10 because I said it twice didn't I? Even more than that. I mean it's just very good. Lots of goodness in this episode. I hope you agree.

感谢收听。感谢观看。我们下次再见。但现在，是时候说再见了。再见。

Thank you for listening. Thank you for watching. I will speak to you again next time. But for now, it's time to say goodbye. Bye.

再见。再见。再见。感谢收听Luke's English播客。更多信息请访问teacherluke.co.uk。

Bye. Bye. Bye. Thanks for listening to Luke's English podcast. For more information, visit teacherluke.co.uk.

如果你喜欢本期英语播客节目，不妨考虑订阅Luke's English播客高级版。你将定期收到包含故事、词汇、语法和发音教学的高级节目，还有我一贯的幽默风趣时刻。此外，你的订阅将直接支持我的工作，使整个播客项目得以持续。欲了解更多关于Luke's English播客高级版的信息，请访问teacherluke.co.uk/premiuminfo。

If you enjoyed this episode of English podcast, consider signing up for Luke's English podcast premium. You'll get regular premium episodes with stories, vocabulary, grammar, and pronunciation teaching from me, and the usual moments of humor and fun. Plus, with your subscription, you will be directly supporting my work and making this whole podcast project possible. For more information about Luke's English podcast premium, go to teacherluke.co.uk/premiuminfo.