卖家遍地都是，买家却在哪里？

你知道住房占美国经济的大约16%吗？

Did you know housing makes up roughly 16% of The US economy?

我们来聊聊这个话题。

We're gonna talk about it.

来自美国公共媒体，这里是《市场》节目。

From American public media, this is Marketplace.

在巴尔的摩，我是艾米·斯科特，代替凯·里斯代尔为您主持。

In Baltimore, I'm Amy Scott in for Kai Risdale.

今天是2月17日，星期一。

It's Monday, February 17.

很高兴有您与我们同在。

Good to have you with us.

在这个相对强劲的经济中，住房市场一直是较弱的一环，原因是房价高、利率高，以及可供出售的房屋供应量低。

One of the weaker pillars of this relatively strong economy has been the housing market with the combination of high prices and interest rates plus a low supply of homes for sale.

但最近，供应量这一环节已经开始回升。

But that last part, supply, has been picking up lately.

Redfin发布的一份新报告称，目前待售房屋数量比过去五年中的任何其他时候都要多。

A new report from Redfin says there are more homes for sale now than there have been at any other point in the last five years.

然而，房屋需求却达到了自那时以来的最低水平。

Demand for homes, though, is the lowest it's been since then.

《市场》的萨曼莎·菲尔兹调查了是什么让潜在买家持观望态度。

Marketplace's Samantha Fields looks into what's keeping would be buyers on the sidelines.

2025年伊始，房地产市场开局缓慢。

It has been a slow start to 2025 for the housing market.

市场上积压的需求很多，但买家在1月份的行动显然非常谨慎。

There's a lot of pent up demand out there, but buyers were certainly moving very cautiously in January.

Bright MLS的丽莎·斯图尔特万特表示，这背后有几个原因。

Lisa Sturtevant at Bright MLS says there are a couple of reasons for that.

最明显的一点是，抵押贷款利率一直远高于潜在购房者所期望的水平。

The most obvious is that mortgage rates have just remained much higher than maybe some prospective homebuyers were hoping.

许多人原本预期美联储去年降息后，抵押贷款利率会下降。

Many of them were expecting mortgage rates to come down after the Fed cut interest rates last year.

相反，它们上升了。

Instead, they ticked up.

但我认为最主要的原因是人们对整体经济感到有些不确定。

But I think the biggest is really people feeling a little bit uncertain about the overall economy.

购房过程中涉及大量的心理和情感因素。

There's a lot of psychology and emotion that goes into home buying.

我们知道，当消费者信心下降时，房地产市场也会随之疲软。

And we know that when consumer confidence falls, we also see the housing market soften.

而消费者信心确实在下降。

And consumer confidence has been falling.

目前，简单来说，我们正经历一段混乱的时期。

Right now, to put it simply, we're going through a chaotic period of time.

预算与政策优先事项中心的本加·阿吉洛里表示，想象一下，你在一家联邦机构工作，突然开始怀疑这种状况还能持续多久。

Benga Adjilori at the Center on Budget and Policy Priorities says, imagine you work for a federal agency, and you're suddenly wondering how long that'll be true.

如果你担心工作不保，不知道下一份工资从哪里来，你是不会买房的。

You're not gonna buy a house if you're worried about a job, if you don't know where your next paycheck is gonna come from.

当你短期的未来充满不确定性时，不可能着眼于长远未来来做重大购买决策。

You can't make big purchases thinking about long term future when your short term future looks very uncertain.

不过，总的来说，Redfin的达里尔·费尔韦瑟表示，这个房地产市场已经持续了很长时间。

Ultimately, though, Daryl Fairweather at Redfin says with this housing market for a long time now.

人们一直期待的是可负担性的改善，但我们还没有看到这种改善。

What people have been hoping for has been an an improvement in affordability, and we haven't seen that.

如果出现改善，尤其是利率下降哪怕半个百分点，她认为买家会走出观望状态，尽管经济不确定性依然存在。

If there are improvements, namely if interest rates come down even half a point, she thinks buyers will come off the sidelines, economic uncertainty and all.

我是Samantha Fields，为您带来Marketplace的报道。

I'm Samantha Fields for Marketplace.

住房需求可能下降了，但电力需求却在上升，无论是在美国还是全球范围内。

Demand for housing may be down, but demand for electricity is headed up both in The US and around the world.

国际能源署的一份新报告预测，到2027年，全球电力需求将每年增长约4%。

A new report from the International Energy Agency predicts global demand will grow by about 4% a year through 2027.

这相当于每年为全球电力消费增加一个相当于日本的总量，且这一趋势将持续

That's like adding more than the equivalent of Japan to global electricity consumption every year for each of

未来三年。

the next three years.

市场观察员伊丽莎白·特罗瓦尔对此进行了报道。

Marketplaces Elizabeth Troval has that one.

在一些富裕国家，过去十五年电力消耗基本保持平稳或有所下降。

In some rich countries, electricity consumption has remained relatively flat or declined in the last fifteen years.

但在2024年，情况发生了变化。

But in 2024, that changed.

在未来三年里，国际能源署预计包括美国在内的许多发达经济体的电力需求将增长，部分原因是数据中心和电动汽车的推动。

And in the next three years, the IEA expects many advanced economies, including The US, to see growth in electricity demand driven in part by data centers and EVs.

但根据该报告，在未来三年里，全球电力需求增长的85%将来自新兴经济体。

But it's emerging economies that will be responsible for 85% of the growth in global electricity demand in the next three years according to the report.

托德·莫斯是智库“能源增长中心”的成员。

Todd Moss is with the think tank energy for growth hub.

我们讨论的是发展中国家在数量级上的巨大差异。

We're talking about orders of magnitude, differences in developing countries.

因此，大部分能源投资和基础设施将集中在亚洲、非洲和中东。

And so most of the energy investment and infrastructure is going to be in Asia, Africa, Middle East.

哥伦比亚的高塔姆·贾因表示，中国、东南亚和南亚是需求增长的主要驱动力。

China, Southeast Asia, and South Asia are some of the major drivers of demand growth, says Colombia's Gautam Jain.

所有这些国家显然都在发展，中产阶级也在壮大。

All these countries are obviously growing, and the middle class is growing.

而且这些国家实际上更容易受到气候变化的影响。

And these are countries that are actually much more exposed to climate change.

他说，在赤道附近的国家，包括印度和印度尼西亚，气温超过95华氏度的天数更加频繁。

He says in countries around the Equator, including India and Indonesia, days above 95 degrees Fahrenheit are more frequent.

因此，对空调的需求增加了。

So there's a need for more air conditioning.

国际能源署的亚伦·钱姆表示，为满足额外的电力需求，各国正转向可再生能源和核能。

To meet additional demand for electricity, countries are turning to renewables and nuclear energy, says the IEA's Aaron Cham.

基本上稳定了全球排放的增长。

Basically stabilizing the global emissions growth.

他发现与电力生产相关的二氧化碳排放量将在未来三年内大致趋于平稳。

He found that c o two emissions associated with electricity generation will roughly plateau in the next three years.

我是市场报的伊丽莎白·特罗瓦尔。

I'm Elizabeth Troval for Marketplace.

美国市场因总统日而关闭。

US markets were closed for Presidents' Day.

当我们公布数据时，我们会提供详细信息。

We'll have details when we do the numbers.

这个国家上大学的人比十年前少了。

Fewer people are going to college in this country than a decade ago.

由于学生人数减少，学费收入下降，一些大学难以维持运营。

And with fewer students paying tuition, some colleges are having a hard time staying afloat.

凯伦·费舍尔是《高等教育纪事报》的资深记者，她撰写了关于大学关闭后小镇会发生什么的文章。

Karen Fisher is a senior writer at the Chronicle of Higher Education, where she wrote about what happens to a small town when its college closes.

凯伦，感谢你来到这里。

Karen, thanks for being here.

谢谢您邀请我。

Thanks for having me.

看到去年平均每周就有一所大学关闭，这个数字让我有点震惊。

I was kind of stunned by that number, average of one college closed every week last year.

是什么导致了这种情况？

What is causing this situation?

这是一系列因素共同作用的结果。

It's kind of a perfect storm of things.

这是人口减少与疫情期间的新冠援助资金共同作用的结果，而这些资金现在已经枯竭消失了。

It's the combo of the declining demographics and, you know, there was COVID relief funding, that was keeping a lot of colleges going through the pandemic, and that's all dried up and disappeared.

而且我们有太多大学了，因此学生之间的竞争非常激烈。

And we just have a lot of colleges, so the competition for for students is is pretty great.

所以，很多大学长期以来一直处于财务脆弱的状态，而如今这成了它们中许多大学的临界点，不幸的是。

And so, you know, a lot of colleges have been kind of in precarious financial states for a while, and this is just a sort of a tipping point for a number of them, unfortunately.

您曾花时间在纽约州的一个叫奥罗拉的小镇进行报道，那里的一所小型大学——韦尔斯学院——已经关闭了。

So you spent some time reporting in a town called Aurora, New York where its small college, Wells College, closed.

你能谈谈韦尔斯学院发生了什么，以及这对社区意味着什么吗？

Can you talk about what happened to Wells and what it's meant for the community?

当然可以。

Sure.

韦尔斯学院和许多其他学院一样，长期面临财务困难。

Wells, like many of these other colleges, had been having some financial troubles for a long time.

它实际上是一所文理学院，或者曾经是一所文理学院。

And it actually, it's a liberal arts college or was a liberal arts college.

它曾是一所女子学院，后来改为男女同校，试图维持运营。

And it was a women's college, and it had gone coed in part to, to try to sustain itself.

但在去年春天，也就是四月，它突然宣布关闭，这让所有人都感到意外。

But then this spring or last spring in April, it just announced that it was closing, and it took everybody by surprise.

学生们已经开始注册课程。

The students started to register for classes.

教职员工们都已经签署了合同。

The faculty members, you know, had signed their contracts.

社区成员也感到非常意外。

They took the community by real surprise as well.

我的意思是，就在几个月前，这所学院还向他们保证自己的财务状况良好。

I mean, the college had just as recently as a few months earlier assured them that their financial health was fine.

我想，社区成员们从未真正想过，如果这座学院不再位于他们小镇的中心，会是什么样子。

And they just had never really contemplated, I think, the community members, what it would be like not to have this college in the center of their town.

是的。

Yeah.

你提到的不仅是经济影响，这所学院还是镇上最大的雇主，还影响到社区的基本服务。

And you talk about the not only the economic impact, this is the the town's largest employer, but also the effect on just basic services in the community.

当然。

Sure.

我的意思是，学院和医疗中心都是社区的支柱。

I mean, you know, colleges and and medical centers, they're anchor communities.

它们确实具有巨大的经济影响。

I mean, they do have this this great economic impact.

它们创造就业机会。

They create jobs.

它们在社区中购买各种物品。

They buy things in the communities.

但很多城镇都是围绕着大学发展起来的，因此两者之间联系非常紧密。

But they also you know, many of these towns have grown up around the college, and so they're very interconnected.

在韦尔斯的情况中，大学实际上运营着水处理设施。

In Wells' case, the college actually ran the water treatment facility.

因此，突然之间，整个城镇甚至不知道该如何继续运作，如何为居民提供安全的饮用水。

And so all of a sudden, the town just didn't even know how it was going to, continue to go on, you know, and have safe drinking on it for for its residents.

是的。

Yeah.

但还有其他方面。

But there's also other ways.

我的意思是，人们认为这些地方更像是文化中心。

I mean, I think the people think of these places very much as, you know, they're cultural magnets.

它们是令人自豪的象征。

They are points of pride.

它们可以是社区聚集的地方，但突然间，这个小镇失去了这一切。

They can be community gathering places, and all of a sudden, that was lost to this town.

对。

Right.

而健康中心也岌岌可危吗？

And the the health center, is hanging in the balance as well?

是的。

Yeah.

威尔斯是一所非常小的学院，多年前，它实际上将学院医务室与镇上的社区健康中心合并了。

So Wells is a very small college, and so it years ago, in fact, had sort of merged its college infirmary with the community health center in town.

因此，他们使用了学院旧医务室的空间，这可以说是双赢。

And so they used the college's old infirmary space, and it was sort of a win win.

这不仅为学院提供了现场医疗人员，同时也成为方圆约15英里内唯一的社区健康中心，而在纽约州的冬天，这绝非小事。

It, you know, gave the college, you know, on-site medical providers, but it also served as the only the only community health center for about 15 miles, which in State New York in the winter is not insignificant.

由于学院容纳了社区医疗中心，现在随着学院校园的前景不明，情况也变得不确定。

And because the the college housed the community health center, now with the college campus, it's a future uncertain.

所以社区医疗中心的未来一直是个问题。

So it's been the future of the community health center.

你说得对，这并不仅仅局限于奥罗拉这个小镇。

And you're right that this is not, just limited to this town of Aurora.

这种现象正在全美各地的小城镇发生。

It's happening in small towns around the country.

对于这些城镇失去经济命脉——在某些情况下确实如此——你认为有哪些解决方案？

What kinds of solutions do you see to this problem of, towns losing, their economic lifeblood, really, in some cases?

我的意思是，我们是否应该提前思考能做些什么？

I mean, I think there's there are questions about what can you do ahead of time?

社区和学院有没有可能更有效地合作，以或许避免一些这样的关闭？

Are there ways that communities and colleges can work together, more effectively in ways that maybe perhaps it could stave off some of these closures?

你知道的？

You know?

城镇本身能做些什么呢？

Were there things that, you know, towns can do?

比如，调整分区政策，帮助学院出售土地或更灵活地利用土地。

For example, the zoning that could help the colleges sell property or or use it in more mixed ways.

我认为还有一种感受，这一点在奥罗拉、韦尔斯以及其他我访谈过的经历过突然关闭的学院的社区中都表现得非常明显——及时沟通会非常有帮助。

I think there's also the feeling, and it came out very clearly both in Aurora and Wells and some other, communities that I talked with that also had pretty abrupt college closures, communication would be really helpful.

很多人说，学院关闭本身已经够糟糕了，但如果是突然关闭、毫无预警，这就让我们根本来不及为未来做任何规划。

You know, a lot of people said it's one thing for the college to shut down, but for it to shut down so abruptly and take us by surprise, that didn't enable us to to do any kind of planning for what was next.

但我不认为，不幸的是，存在什么万能解方，能彻底解决学院的财务困境，从而避免其他像奥罗拉或韦尔斯这样的地方重蹈覆辙。

But I I don't think, unfortunately, there is any sort of magic bullet, some solution that's gonna make colleges finances whole and and, you know, avert other auroras and other wells from from going through the same thing.

好的。

Alright.

凯伦·费舍尔为《高等教育纪事报》撰写了这篇《当校园离开小镇》的故事。

Karen Fisher wrote the story when Gown leaves town for the chronicle of higher education.

感谢你分享你的报道。

Thanks for sharing your reporting.

谢谢，艾米。

Thanks, Amy.

回到住房主题，根据AARP的数据，大多数老年人，75%的人希望在年老时继续住在自己的家中。

Coming back to the housing theme, according to AARP, most older adults, 75% wanna stay in their homes as they age.

但与此同时，44%的人认为自己做不到。

But at the same time, 44% don't think they'll be able to.

由于无障碍设施和 affordability 的问题，居家养老可能很难，但并非不可能，这也引出了我们系列节目《住房奇遇记》的最新一期。

Between accessibility issues and affordability, aging in place can be hard, but not impossible, which brings us to the latest installment of our series, Adventures in Housing.

我叫凯瑟琳·哈里森。

My name is Kirsten Harrison.

我住在明尼苏达州戈尔德山谷的一家老年合作社。

I live in a senior cooperative in Golden Valley, Minnesota.

我父亲去世大约六个月后，我和母亲进行了一次谈话。

My mom, about six months after my dad died, we had a conversation.

她当时住在内布拉斯加州奥马哈，希望搬回双子城地区。

She was living in Omaha, Nebraska and wanted to move back to the Twin Cities area.

于是她来探望我们，我们带她看了几个公寓。

And so she came to a visit, and we took her to a couple condos.

她觉得还不错，但并不是特别喜欢。

And she liked them but didn't love that.

然后我们参观了一处合作住宅的开放日活动。

And then we saw an open house at a cooperative.

那是一个55岁以上的合作住宅。

It was a 55 housing cooperative.

它是居民拥有、居民自治的，如果有什么东西坏了，由合作社负责维修或更换。

So it's resident owned, resident run, and then if something breaks down, the cooperative is the one who comes in and either fixes it or replaces it.

参观到一半时，我丈夫悄悄对我说：‘也许我们该考虑搬到这里，不管你妈妈是否想搬过来。’

Midway through the tour, my husband whispers to me, you know, maybe we should be thinking of moving here whether your mom wants to or not.

于是她一周内就搬了进来，我们则在之后的一周完成了购房。

So she moved in one week, and then we closed the week after.

我们住的是两居室，购房价格是11.5万美元。

We are in a two bedroom unit, and we paid a 115,000 for the unit.

我们的每月支出大约不到1500美元，这包括了有线电视、互联网以及所有费用。

And our carrying costs, so monthly, we pay a little less than $1,500 a month, and that includes cable, Internet, everything.

在我们这座楼里，有一个阳光房。

In our particular building, we have a solarium.

我们有客房。

We have guest rooms.

我们有一个木工房，人们在那里做木工活，而且这里总是有各种活动。

We have a woodworking room where people are doing woodworking, and there's activities all the time.

我们这个地方唯一的缺点是没有内置的洗衣机和烘干机，但这对我们来说从来不是问题。

The one downside of our particular place is that we don't have in unit washers and dryers, but that's never been a problem for us.

现在，我丈夫的哥哥和他的妻子——也是我多年最好的朋友——也搬进了我们的合作住宅。

And now my husband's brother and his wife, who is my longtime best friend, have also moved into our co op.

所以现在我们在合作住宅里有了一个庞大的家庭聚会，我们非常喜欢。

And so now we have like this big family affair at our cooperative that we just love.

这就像我们回到了大学时的宿舍。

It's like we're back in our dorm in college.

部分

Part of

我们吸引的地方之一是，我们可以和我妈妈住在同一个地方，但又不至于贴得太近，你知道的，她因为各种手术和骨科问题，医疗状况相当复杂。

our appeal was that we could be in the same place as my mom, and to not necessarily be on top of her, you know, she's kind of a medical obstacle course as far as various surgeries and orthopedic issues.

因此，对于负担得起的人来说，可以实现就地养老。

And so for people who can afford it, you can age in place.

我们现在加入了一个我们原本不知道自己需要的社区。

And we've now gotten into a community that we didn't know we needed.

明尼苏达州戈尔德山谷的基尔斯滕·哈里森。

Kirsten Harrison in Golden Valley, Minnesota.

你知道，没有你们，我们这个系列节目就做不下去。

You know, we can't do this series without you.

所以，无论你正处于怎样的住房阶段，都来跟我们分享一下吧。

So wherever you are in your housing journey, tell us about it.

Marketplace.org/adventuresinhousing。

Marketplace.org/adventuresinhousing.

接下来。

Coming up.

我一发布3月31日关门的消息，就炸了，每天都这样，全天都是。

As soon as I posted that we're closing March 31, it went crazy, and it's been like this every single day, all day.

这倒让你有点想继续开着了。

Kinda makes you wanna stay open, though.

对吧？

Right?

但首先，我们来看一下数据。

But first, let's do the numbers.

今天市场因休市而关闭，纽约证券交易所官方称之为华盛顿诞辰日。

Markets were closed today in observance of what the New York Stock Exchange officially calls Washington's birthday.

萨曼莎·菲尔兹告诉我们，今年房地产市场开局艰难。

Samantha Fields was tell us telling us about the rough start the housing market's had so far this year.

本周是关于这个市场数据的重要一周。

This is a big week for data on that market.

我们明天将获得建筑商信心指数，周三则公布一月份的住房开工和新建筑许可数据。

We'll get the homebuilder confidence index tomorrow, and January's numbers of housing starts and new building permits on Wednesday.

市场普遍预期这些数据将下降。

Consensus is those numbers will be down.

也许你甚至能在人口普查局周五发布的1月份零售销售报告中看到房地产市场的疲软迹象。

Maybe you can even see the sluggish housing market in the retail sales report for January that the Census Bureau put out on Friday.

家具和家居用品商店的销售额较12月下降了1.7%，几乎是整体零售销售额降幅的两倍。

Sales at furniture and home furnishing stores were down one and seven tenths percent from December, nearly twice the decline in overall retail sales.

你正在收听《市场》。

You're listening to marketplace.

这是《市场》。

This is Marketplace.

我是艾米·斯科特。

I'm Amy Scott.

肯塔基州正在从本周末的暴雨和洪水灾害中恢复，而另一场冬季风暴正接踵而至。

Kentucky is recovering from heavy rain and flooding over the weekend with another winter storm on the way.

至少有十一人在洪水中丧生，另有上千人需要救援。

At least eleven people died in the floods, and more than a thousand had to be rescued.

由于气候变化，全国许多地区的洪水风险正在上升。

Flood risk is growing in many parts of the country due to climate change.

当社区在灾难后重建时，联邦紧急事务管理局有一项规定，旨在防止未来再次发生财产损失。

And when communities rebuild after disaster, the Federal Emergency Management Agency has a rule aimed at preventing repeat property damage in the future.

这被称为‘50%规则’。

It's known as the 50% rule.

播客《海的变化》的卡尔·艾尔·卡尔霍恩考察了这一规定在两个不同社区中的实施情况。

Carl isle Calhoun from the podcast sea change looks at how it's played out in two different communities.

路易斯安那州曼德维尔镇90%的区域都位于联邦紧急事务管理局的洪泛区内。

90% of the entire historic town of Mandeville, Louisiana is in the FEMA flood zone.

我正在由罗德·斯科特陪同参观，我们经过的每一栋房子都被抬高了12英尺，架在桩基上。

I'm getting a tour from Rod Scott, and all the houses we pass are lifted up on pilings 12 feet in the air.

而这栋正是目前正在建造的。

And this is the one that's going up right now.

看那。

Look at that.

斯科特是一位专门提升建筑物的承包商。

Scott's a contractor who specializes in elevating buildings.

他在全国范围内提升了1500座建筑。

He's raised 1,500 all over the country.

更好的通风，更好的景观。

Better breeze, better view.

你不必担心被淹。

You don't have to flood.

斯科特告诉我，曼德维尔在过去十八年里因风暴和飓风已经淹过17次。

Scott tells me Mandeville has flooded 17 times in the last eighteen years during storms and hurricanes.

当房屋严重受损时，房主必须抬高房屋，这是由于FEMA的50%规则。

And when houses are significantly damaged, homeowners have to elevate because of FEMA's 50% rule.

这项规则规定，如果您的房屋受损，且维修费用超过房屋市场价值的一半，您就不能简单地将房屋修复到原来的样子。

The rule says if your house is damaged and repair costs are over half of your house's market value, you can't simply repair your house to how it was before.

现在，曼德维尔历史街区的几乎所有建筑都高高地架在桩基上。

Now almost all the buildings in historic Mandeville are perched high up on pilings.

房屋、餐厅、商店，全都高高在上，与鸟为邻。

Houses, restaurants, stores, all up with the birds.

曼德维尔是目前全球最适应洪水、改造最彻底的社区。

Mandeville is the most flood adapted, retrofitted community on the planet right now.

但这很昂贵。

But it's expensive.

仅仅一座小房子抬升就要花费15万美元，而曼德维尔的大多数房子都不小。

Just a small house costs a $150,000 to elevate, and most of the houses in Mandeville are not small.

这里的一些房主为了抬高房屋，已经掏出了整整一百万美元。

Some homeowners here have shelled out a million dollars to raise their house.

房屋保险不涵盖这笔费用，因此曼德维尔几乎所有人都自掏腰包。

Homeowners insurance doesn't cover it, so almost everyone in Mandeville has paid out of pocket.

所以在这个社区里，人们有足够的财富来开张支票完成这项工程。

So in this community, there was enough wealth to write a check and do that.

但在曼德维尔以南80英里处，情况却截然不同。

But 80 miles south of Mandeville, it's a different story.

泰隆·爱德华兹牧师是点拉哈奇镇的议员，这是一个位于密西西比河岸边的以黑人为主的小镇。

Reverend Tyrone Edwards is the council member in Pointe La Hatch, a majority black town right on the banks of the Mississippi River.

因为联邦紧急事务管理局制定的法律强制要求抬高房屋，人们负担不起。

Because the law that FEMA created was forced elevation, people can't afford it.

强制抬高。

Forced elevation.

这就是很多人对50%规则的称呼。

That's how a lot of people refer to the 50% rule.

点拉哈奇面临严重的洪水风险。

And Pointillahatch is at severe risk of flooding.

我很害怕，因为我知道如果今天来一场飓风，这个社区根本无法重建。

I'm afraid because I know if a hurricane come today, this community can't rebuild.

在这个社区，大多数居民没有超过100美元来抬高他们严重受损的房屋。

In this community, most residents don't have over $100 to elevate if their homes are severely damaged.

有联邦紧急事务管理局的补助金可用于帮助支付抬升费用，但需求很高，这些补助金很难申请到。

There are FEMA grants available to help cover elevation costs, but demand is high, and these grants are hard to get.

所以我拿到了一笔用于抬升房屋的补助金，是这个地区少数获得补助的人之一。

So I had a grant to elevate the house, like one of the few in this area that that got the grant.

那是查德威克·安科拉德，他是点拉哈奇镇仅有的两位在卡特里娜飓风后获得联邦紧急事务管理局抬升补助的居民之一。

That's Chadwick Ankolade, one of two residents in Pointe La Hatch who received a FEMA elevation grant after his house was damaged in Hurricane Katrina.

现在他的房子离地23英尺高。

Now his home sits 23 feet in the air.

房子就建得这么高。

The house sits that high.

我能看见堤坝那边。

I see over the levee.

我能看见船只。

I can see the ships.

我什么都能看见。

I see everything.

美丽的景色。

Beautiful view.

安卡莱德知道下一场风暴来临时该怎么办。

Ankaleid knows when the next storm hits.

他那抬高的房子很可能能安然度过风暴。

His elevated house will probably make it through all right.

但他的母亲，维尔吉·恩克拉夫，住在隔壁，她的房子几乎就在地面上。

But his mom, Virgie Enclave, lives next door, and her house is barely off the ground.

我们在这儿，你知道的。

Here we are, you know.

如果我的家出了事，会怎么样？

What's gonna happen if something happens to my home?

我没有钱来抬高房子，你知道的。

I don't have the funds to elevate, you know.

我没有钱来抬高任何东西。

I don't have the funds to elevate anything.

很容易想象查德威克·昂克莱德的房子是少数几座在下一场风暴中幸存下来的房屋之一，而他担心的是他的母亲和邻居们。

It's easy to imagine Chadwick Onclade's house is one of the few that survived the next storm, and he's worried about his mom and his neighbors.

这是一个紧密相连的社区，他说人们并不想离开。

This is a tight knit community, and he says people don't want to leave.

这是你的一部分。

It's part of you.

这是你身份的一部分。

It's part of your being.

所以，如果你离开，这就像是失去了你自己的一部分。

So it's it's it's like losing a part of yourself if you if you leave.

联邦紧急事务管理局50%规则的目标是建立更安全的社区。

The goal of FEMA's 50% rule is to create safer communities.

但在现实中，这往往意味着要么花钱抬高房屋，要么找新的住处。

But what that often looks like on the ground is pay to go up or find a new place to live.

在路易斯安那州的波因特拉哈奇，我是市场频道的卡尔·卡卢恩。

In Pointe La Hatch, Louisiana, I'm Carlisle Calhoun from Marketplace.

你可能已经注意到，我们这个节目经常做关于零售业的报道，因为商店的经营状况能反映出经济的许多变化。

You may have noticed we do a lot of stories on this show about retail because how stores are doing tells us a lot about what's happening in the economy.

或者就这个后续故事而言，反映出经济已经发生了怎样的变化。

Or in the case of this next story, how the economy has changed.

市场频道的莎拉·莱森前往探访了一家经营了五十七年后即将关门的商店。

Marketplaces Sarah Liesen went to visit a store that's closing its doors after fifty seven years.

在马萨诸塞州阿灵顿的主要干道上，有一家小小的打字机维修与零售店，名叫剑桥打字机公司。

Along the main thoroughfare of Arlington, Massachusetts is a tiny typewriter repair and retail shop, Cambridge Typewriter.

这家店历史悠久，以至于门头上大招牌上的电话号码甚至没有区号。

The place has been around so long that the phone number on the big sign above the front door doesn't even have the area code.

周六早上，店里挤满了人。

It's packed on a Saturday morning.

在堆叠如山的打字机中间——有些经过翻新后光亮如新，有些则明显需要修理——顾客们小心翼翼地穿梭其间，查看货架上的商品。

Amidst towers of typewriters, some refurbished and shiny, others clearly in need of some love, customers edge around each other to look at what's in stock.

其中一位顾客是玛吉·考德威尔。

Among them is Maggie Caldwell.

她从缅因州的巴思开车过来，想在店铺关门前买一台打字机。

She drove down from Bath, Maine to see if she could snag a typewriter before the place closes.

我妈妈有一台打字机，听到咔嗒咔嗒的声音让我特别有怀旧感。

My mom had a typewriter and, like, it's very nostalgic for me to, like, hear the click clack sound.

现在我有个小女儿，我想把这种感觉重新带回来。

And then now I have a little daughter, and I kinda wanna, like, bring that back.

她正在与店主汤姆·富里尔一起浏览商品，汤姆在这里经营了四十五年。

She's browsing the wares with Tom Furrier, the shop's owner of forty five years.

你可能会喜欢这个。

You're probably gonna like this.

我二十分钟前刚拿到这台。

I just acquired this, like, twenty minutes ago.

天哪。

Oh my god.

这台比我在那边买的那台好多了。

This is this is way nicer than what I got over there.

好的。

Okay.

我可以

Can I

玩一下吗？

play around with it a little?

是的。

Yeah.

我得先把它放到那边给你。

I gotta put this over there for you.

当然。

Sure.

他放下一台皇家便携式打字机，让她试用。

He puts down a royal portable typewriter for her to check out.

这些天，汤姆的顾客络绎不绝。

Tom has no shortage of customers these days.

我一发布3月31日关门的消息，就彻底炸了，每天从早到晚都是这样。

As soon as I posted that we're closing March 31, it went crazy and it's been like this every single day, all day.

我连工作台上的事都没顾上做，不过这没关系，因为我真的很喜欢和人见面聊天，聊打字机。

I haven't got anything done at my bench, which is fine because I I love, you know, meeting people and talking, you know, typewriters.

但天哪，在我走之前，我得修好其中一些机器。

But, jeez, I need to fix some of these machines before I go.

汤姆今年要七十岁了。

Tom is turning 70 this year.

他说他已经准备好退休了。

He says he's ready to retire.

在过去一年里，他试图找人接手这家店，但都没成功。

Over the last year, he's tried to find a buyer for the shop, but it hasn't worked out.

我只是说，就这样吧。

I just said that's it.

我不再打算继续经营下去了。

I'm not not putting up retirement anymore.

你知道，我们只能关店了，人们不得不寻找其他方式。

You know, we're just gonna have to close the shop and people will have to, you know, find other means.

根据打字机爱好者网站Old Bob's Old Typewriters的数据，美国仍有超过50家打字机商店在运营。

There are more than 50 typewriter shops still operating across The US according to data from Old Bob's Old Typewriters, a website for typewriter enthusiasts.

是的。

Yeah.

他们有那些。

They have those.

汤姆称他的店是个盈亏平衡的生意，如今年收入大约在13万美元左右。

Tom calls his store a break even kind of business, pulling in a 130,000 a year these days, give or take.

但21世纪初，随着复古风潮回归，打字机曾一度掀起热潮。

But the early two thousands saw an explosion of interest in typewriters as vintage came back into style.

可能还有另一个原因。

And there might be another reason.

我认为泰勒可能让打字机重新焕发了生机。

I think Taylor's given a resurgence to it perhaps.

23岁的梅根·莫拉利亚正在波士顿大学攻读美术硕士学位，她当然指的是泰勒·斯威夫特。

Megan Moralia, a 23 year old studying for her MFA at Boston University, is of course referring to Taylor Swift.

这是梅根第一次来这家店，她是想看看能不能修好家里那台打字机。

This is Megan's first time in the store, and she's here to see if she can get her family's typewriter fixed up.

她特别擅长将复古美学重新带回当下，并思考如何将其应用于现代生活。

She's really one to take retro aesthetics and revisit them and consider how they can be applied to the contemporary.

汤姆估计，如今他约有三分之一的顾客是像梅根这样的年轻人。

Tom estimates about a third of his customers these days are young adults like Megan.

但并非所有第一次来的人都是这一类。

But not all first timers fit that category.

查尔斯·吉尔罗伊来自马萨诸塞州的希灵汉。

Charles Gilroy is here from Hingham, Massachusetts.

他早在2008年就被诊断出患有帕金森病。

He was diagnosed with Parkinson's back in 2008.

我的字迹太差了，有些东西寄出去后，邮局都认不出来。

My handwriting is so bad, some things come back to me where they can't read it in a post office.

我一直在找一个能帮我在电脑上填写支票的程序。

I've been trying to find a program for my computer that would be able to write write down a check.

我还没找到那种可以直接把信封放进去，对齐线条，然后写支票的程序。

I haven't been able to find one that you could just take, like, an envelope, stick it in, and just, you know, line up the lines and write the check.

所以是打字机。

So a typewriter.

汤姆拿出了一台看起来非常合适的打字机。

Tom digs one out that seems like a perfect fit.

这是一台电动的Corona Smith，他告诉查尔斯，修好后只要不到200美元就可以卖给他。

It's an electric Corona Smith, and he tells Charles he'll sell it to him for just under $200 after he's gotten it fixed up.

这会增加他的维修积压，目前积压大约有四个月长。

It's gonna add to his repair backlog, which is about four months long now.

我一天中最开心的时刻，就是能离开工作台，出来和刚认识的人一起聊打字机，你知道的。

The best part of my day is when I get to get leave my workbench, come out here, and geek out over typewriters with someone that I just met, you know.

这真是太棒了。

It's it's it's beautiful.

他还有大约一个月的时间来创造这些回忆并修好所有这些打字机。

He still has about a month to make those memories and fix all those typewriters.

在波士顿，我是莎拉·利森，为您带来《市场》节目。

In Boston, I'm Sarah Leeson for Marketplace.

今天离场前的最后一条备注。

This final note on the way out today.

凯在周五的节目中谈到，随着埃隆·马斯克和他的政府效率部门在联邦官僚体系中推进，国税局可能面临裁员。

Kai ended the show Friday talking about potential layoffs at the IRS as Elon Musk and his department of government efficiency worked their way through the federal bureaucracy.

如今，多家媒体报道称，Doge团队正试图访问国税局的一个系统，该系统包含全国每个纳税人、企业和非营利组织的详细财务信息。

Now several outlets are reporting the Doge team is trying to access an IRS system that includes detailed financial information about every taxpayer business and nonprofit in the country.

与此同时，一位联邦法官今天表示，她希望在24小时内就一项旨在阻止Doge访问其他七个联邦机构信息系统的诉讼作出裁决。

Meanwhile, a federal judge said today she hopes to rule within twenty four hours in a lawsuit aimed at blocking Doge's access to information systems seven other federal agencies.

我们的日常制作团队包括安迪·科宾、伊鲁·埃昆诺比、尼古拉斯·吉约姆、玛丽亚·霍伦霍夫、莎拉·利森、肖恩·麦克亨利和索菲亚·托伦齐奥。

Our daily production team includes Andy Corbin, Iru Ekwunobi, Nicholas Guillaume, Maria Hollenhorf, Sarah Liesen, Sean McHenry, and Sofia Torenzio.

我是艾米·斯科特。

I'm Amy Scott.

我们明天见。

We will see you tomorrow.

这是APM。

This is APM.

如果你能做的最浪漫的事是为最坏的情况做准备呢？

What if the most romantic thing you could do is plan for the worst case scenario?

我认为没有什么比真正了解并为未来做好准备更浪漫的了。

I think there's nothing more romantic than actually knowing and being prepared for the future.

你为什么想要一场混乱的离婚？

Why would you want to have a messy divorce?

那一点都不浪漫。

That's unromantic.

我是里玛·雷耶斯，本周在《这很不舒服》节目中，我们讨论婚前协议、让它们显得禁忌的误解、它们真正保护的内容，以及它们引发的关于爱与权力的更深层问题。

I'm Rima Reyes, and this week on this is uncomfortable, we're talking prenups, the myths that make them feel taboo, what they actually protect, and the bigger questions they bring up about love and power.

在你收听播客的任何平台收听《这很不舒服》。

Listen to This is Uncomfortable wherever you get your podcasts.