用专业知识武装自己

你想稍微谈一谈你需要的技能吗？特别是具体知识、责任感、杠杆作用和判断力？

Do you wanna talk a little bit about the skills that you need, in particular, specific knowledge, accountability, leverage, and judgment?

因此，这个领域里的第一条推文是：用具体知识、责任感和杠杆作用武装自己。

So the first tweet in this area is arm yourself with specific knowledge, accountability, and leverage.

我还要加上判断力。

And I'll throw in judgment as well.

我觉得你在那条推文中没有提到这一点。

I don't think you covered that in that particular tweet.

如果你想赚钱，你就必须以规模化的方式获得报酬。

If you wanna make money, you have to get paid at scale.

而‘你’之所以能获得报酬，这就是责任感；规模化地获得报酬，这就是杠杆作用；而你获得报酬而不是别人获得报酬，这就是具体知识。

And why you, that's accountability, at scale, that's leverage and just you getting paid as opposed to somebody else getting paid, that's specific knowledge.

所以，具体知识可能是整个推文风暴中最难传达的概念，也是人们最容易感到困惑的地方。

So specific knowledge is probably the hardest thing to get across in this whole tweet storm and it's probably the thing that people get the most confused about.

问题是，我们有一种观念，认为所有东西都可以被教授，所有东西都可以在学校里学到，但事实并非如此，并非所有东西都能被教授。

The thing is that we have this idea that everything can be taught, everything can be taught in school and it's not true that everything can be taught.

事实上，最有趣的东西是无法被教授的，但一切都可以被学会，而这种学习往往源于你DNA中的某些先天特质，或是童年时期学到的难以在成年后再传授的软技能，又或是某种全新的技能，以至于别人都不知道该如何去做，又或是通过实际工作中的经验积累，因为你正在复杂环境中进行模式识别，本质上是在特定领域中培养判断力。

In fact the most interesting things cannot be taught but everything can be learned and very often that learning either comes from some innate characteristics in your DNA or it could be through your childhood where you learn soft skills which are very, very hard to teach later on in life or it's something that is brand new so nobody else knows how to do it either or it's true on the job training because you're pattern matching into highly complex environments, basically building judgment in a specific domain.

经典的例子是投资，但也可以是任何其他领域。

Classic example is investing but it could be in anything.

它可能是管理卡车车队时的判断力。

It could be in judgment in running a fleet of trucks.

它可能是天气预报中的判断力。

It could be judgment in weather forecasting.

因此，特定知识是你所关心的知识，尤其是如果你已经步入人生后期，比如过了2021或2022年，那时你几乎已经无法选择自己拥有哪些特定知识。

So specific knowledge is the knowledge that you care about especially if you're later in life, let's say you're post twenty twenty one-twenty two, you almost don't get to choose which specific knowledge you have.

相反，你只能审视自己到那时为止已经积累的东西，然后在此基础上继续发展。

Rather you get to look at what you have already built by that point in time and then you can build on top of it.

关于特定知识，首先要明白的是，你无法通过培训获得它。

The first thing to notice about specific knowledge is that you can't be trained for it.

如果你能通过培训获得它，如果你能上一门课学会特定知识，那么别人也能通过培训学会，这样我们就能大规模培养和训练人了。

If you can be trained for it, if you can go to a class and learn specific knowledge then somebody else can be trained for it too and then we can mass produce and mass train people.

我们甚至可以编程让计算机来做这件事，最终我们还能编程让机器人走动着去完成它。

Heck we can even program computers to do it and eventually we can program robots to walk around doing it.

如果是这样，那你就会变得极易被替代，我们只需支付你最低工资，就能让你去做这件事，因为还有很多其他愿意接受培训来完成它的人。

So if that's the case then you're extremely replaceable and all we have to pay you is the minimum wage that we have to pay you to get you to do it when there are lots of other takers who can be trained to do it.

所以你的回报实际上只取决于你的培训成本加上对该培训的投资回报。

So really your returns just devolve into your cost of training plus the return on investment on that training.

因此，你真的应该获取特定知识，你的教育和培训需要能够让你充分利用最好的特定知识，但你获得报酬的部分是那些特定知识。

So you really want to pick up specific knowledge, you need your schooling, you need your training to be able to capitalize on the best specific knowledge, but the part of it that you'll get paid for is the specific knowledge.

例如，有人去攻读心理学学位，然后成为销售人员。

For example, someone who goes and gets a degree in psychology and then becomes a salesperson.

如果他们本来就是一位出色的销售员，具备很强的销售能力，那么心理学学位就会成为杠杆，赋予他们优势，让他们在销售上表现得更好。

Well if they were already a formidable salesperson who had great salesmanship to begin with, then the psychology degree is leveraged, it arms them and they do much better at sales.

但如果他们一直是个内向的人，本来就不擅长销售，却想靠心理学来学习销售，他们根本不可能变得很出色。

But if they were always an introvert, never very good at sales and they're trying to use psychology to learn sales, they're just not going to get that great at it.

特定知识更多是通过追求你与生俱来的天赋、真正的好奇心和热情而获得的。

Specific knowledge is found much more by pursuing your innate talents, your genuine curiosity and your passion.

并不是去学校学习当下最热门的工作，也不是投身投资者认为最热门的领域。

It's not by going to school for whatever is the hottest job, it's not for going into whatever field investors say is the hottest.

通常，特定知识处于知识的边缘，是那些刚刚被发现或极难破解的内容。

Very often specific knowledge is at the edge of knowledge, it's also stuff that's just being figured out or is really hard to figure out.

所以如果你不是全身心投入，而别人全身心投入，他们就会远远超越你，不只是稍微领先，而是大幅领先，因为我们现在处于思想领域，复利真正起作用，杠杆也真正起作用。

So if you're not a 100% into it, somebody else who is a 100% into it will outperform you and they won't just outperform you by a little bit, they'll outperform you by a lot because now we're operating the domain of ideas, compound interest really applies and leverage really applies.

所以当你拥有千倍杠杆时，如果一个人80%的时间是对的，另一个人90%的时间是对的，那么90%正确率的人将因为杠杆、复利效应和正确性而被市场支付数百倍的报酬。

So if you're operating with a thousand times leverage and somebody is right 80% of the time and somebody else is right 90% of the time, the person who's right 90% of the time will literally get paid hundreds of times more by the market because of the leverage and because of the compounding factors and being correct.

所以你必须确保自己擅长它，因此你真正的兴趣非常重要。

So you really want to make sure you're good at it so your genuine curiosity is very important.

因此，这通常不是你坐下来理性分析出来的，而是通过观察发现的。

So very often it's not something you sit down and you reason about, it's more found by observation.

你几乎需要回顾自己的人生，看看自己真正擅长什么。

You almost have to look back on your own life and see what you're actually good at.

例如，我曾想成为一名科学家，这正是我道德观体系的来源。

For example, I wanted to be a scientist and that is where a lot of my moral hierarchy comes from.

我认为科学家处于人类生产链的顶端，那些取得真正突破和贡献的科学家，可能为人类社会带来的贡献比任何其他群体都要多。

I view scientists sort of at the top of the production chain for humanity and the group of scientists who have made real breakthroughs and contributions have probably added more to human society I think than any single other class of human beings.

这并不是要贬低艺术、政治、工程或商业的价值，但如果没有科学，我们可能还在泥地里挣扎，用棍棒争斗，努力生火。

Not to take away anything from art or politics or engineering or business, but without the science you know we'd still be scrabbling in the dirt fighting with sticks and trying to start fires.

我的整个价值观体系都是围绕科学家建立的，我渴望成为一名伟大的科学家。

My whole value system was built around scientists and I wanted to be a great scientist.

但当我真正回顾自己擅长什么、最终花时间做什么时，我发现我更擅长赚钱、摆弄科技、说服他人、解释事物和与人交流。

But when I actually look back at what I was uniquely good at and what I ended up spending my time doing, it was more around making money, tinkering with technology and selling people on things, explaining things, talking to people.

所以我具备一些销售技能，这是一种我独有的特定知识。

So I have some sales skills which is a form of specific knowledge that I have.

我有一些关于如何赚钱的分析能力，还有吸收数据、沉迷其中并将其拆解的能力，这是一种我独有的特定技能。

I have some analytical skills around how to make money and I have this ability to absorb data, obsess about it and break it down and that is a specific skill that I have.

我也非常喜欢摆弄科技，所有这些事情对我来说都像游戏，但对别人来说却像是工作。

I also just love tinkering with technology and all of this stuff feels like play to me but it looks like work to others.

对其他人来说，这些事情可能会很难。

So there are other people to whom these things would be hard.

他们说，那我该怎么才能学会简洁地推销想法呢？

They say like, well how do I get good at being pithy and selling ideas?

如果你本来就不太擅长，或者根本不感兴趣，也许这并不是你的方向，不如专注于你真正热爱的事情。

Well if you're not already good at it or if you're not really into it, maybe it's not your thing, focus on the thing that you are really into.

这很讽刺，但第一个指出我真正专长的人是我妈妈，她当时在厨房里随口说的，那时我大概十五六岁。

This is ironic but the first person to actually point out my real specific knowledge was my mother and she did it as an aside talking from the kitchen and she said it when I was like 15 or 16 years old.

我正跟一个朋友说我想当天体物理学家，她却说：‘不，你会去从商。’

I was telling a friend of mine that I wanted to be an astrophysicist and she said, No, you're going to go into business.

我当时说：‘什么？’

And I was like, What?

我妈妈说我将来会从商，可我明明想当天体物理学家啊。

My mom is telling me I'm going to be in business, I'm going be an astrophysicist.

妈妈根本不懂她在说什么。

Mom doesn't know what she's talking about.

但妈妈其实完全明白她在说什么。

But mom knew exactly what she was talking about.

她早就注意到，每次我们走在街上时，我都会批评当地披萨店为什么以某种方式销售披萨片、使用特定的配料，以及他们的点餐流程为何是这样而不是那样。

She had already observed that every time we walked down the street I would critique the local pizza parlor on why they were selling their slices a certain way with certain toppings and why their process of ordering was this way when it should have been that way.

所以她知道我天生对商业充满好奇，而我对科学的痴迷则与之结合，最终让我投身于科技和科技商业领域。

So she knew that I was just had more of a business curious mind but then my obsession with science combined to create technology and technology business is where I found myself.

因此，你的独特知识往往是由了解你的人观察到的，通常在具体情境中显现，而不是你自己主动想出来的。

So very often your specific knowledge is observed and often observed by other people who know you well and revealed in situations rather than something that you come up with.