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嘿。
Hey.
好的。
Okay.
先说一下，这期节目会有点神秘色彩，真的有点儿玄乎。
Just a quick note up top that this episode gets, like, a little, like, like, little mystical.
我们在这期里确实谈到了水晶的能量。
We don't not talk about the power of crystals in this.
作为宝石学家，我想知道这位‘学家’是否真的相信石头有灵性。
I wanted to know as a gemologist what this ologist's belief was in the mystical nature of rocks if she believed in it.
所以我认真听了她的说法。
So I hear her out.
我还聊了聊安慰剂效应的神经科学原理，以及我们的想法如何影响行为。
I also discuss the neuroscience of the placebo effect and how our thoughts can change our behaviors.
这些都是有神经科学依据的。
It's based in neuroscience.
别跟我较真这事儿，我真的懂。
Try not to at me about it because, like, I get it.
明白吧？
Okay?
挺好。
Cool.
第四集。
Episode four.
《Ologies》来了，火力全开。
Ologies coming in hot.
好了。
Alright.
首先，感谢所有收听并给iTunes留下评价和评分的听众。
First off, thanks to everyone who's been listening and leaving reviews on iTunes and rating.
你们都在订阅。
You're subscribing.
你越这么做，这个节目在排行榜上的位置就越高。
The more you do that, the higher this thing gets in the charts.
然后更多人看到，大家越爱分享那些搞笑的科学段子，效果就越好。
And then the people see it, and the more people share dumb science jokes, I guess the better.
我也说不准。
I don't know.
另外，感谢所有在Patreon上支持我的人。
And also, thank you to everyone who's supporting on Patreon.
我看在眼里，真的很感激你们。
I see you, and I love you.
如果有朋友想买周边，记得去 ologiesmerch.com 看看，T恤、马克杯、帆布包都很棒。
And for anyone who had a hankering for merch and who's been to ologiesmerch.com, Cool shirt or mug or tote.
好吧。
Okay.
精彩内容。
Gems.
这一期讲的是宝石。
This episode about gems.
真是让人惊讶。
It's truly outrageous.
不过还挺有意思的。
Well, it's pretty good.
我们平时很少聊私密部位。
We don't talk about crotches very much.
但这一期确实不错。
But it's a pretty good episode.
那我们先从‘宝石学’这个词的词源说起吧。
So let's start with the etymology of gemology.
它来自‘-ology’，意思是研究，再加上‘gems’，就是宝石。
Comes from ologies, the study of, and gems, meaning gems.
而‘gems’这个词源自一个古老的拉丁词，原意是花苞。
But gems comes from an old, dusty Latin word for gems, which comes from the word for bud.
就像一朵可爱的小玫瑰，只不过它是从地里挖出来的，价值比你的房子还高。
Like a cute little rose, only it's dug from the ground, and it's worth more than your house.
我早就想做一期关于这个话题的节目了，于是开始在Facebook上找宝石学家。
Now I knew I wanted to cover this topic for months, and so I started hunting down on Facebook for a gemologist.
我联系上了今天的嘉宾，他的号码在我手机里存着，旁边还加了水晶球、钻石和戒指三个表情符号。
And I got in touch with today's guest whose number I saved in my phone with the crystal ball emoji, the diamond emoji, and the ring emoji.
现在我要跟你们说个秘密。
Now I'm gonna tell you a secret.
如果你的名字旁边有表情符号，那说明我喜欢你。
If you have an emoji next to your name in my phone, I like you.
我特别特别喜欢你。
I like you extra more a lot.
这个人热情又温暖，简直无可挑剔。
And this person is just as wonderfully warm and passionate as they come.
她完全配得上这些表情符号。
She's worthy of the emojis.
我们聊了宝石和矿物的区别，去爆破现场是什么感觉，从不同角度探讨了宝石的神秘疗愈说法，还有那些隐藏的水晶洞穴，以及宝石学里一些令人震惊的悲惨历史。
We talked about the difference between gems and minerals, what it's like to be at a blast site, what's the actual deal with mystical healing from a few different angles, hidden crystal caves, some super weird tragic history of the figures in gemology.
因为宝石的魅力，不仅在于它的闪耀，更在于那些珍贵稀有之物所自带的神秘甚至阴暗气质。
And because the beauty of gems lies as much in their shimmer as it does the weird, dark, mystique of valuable coveted things.
我觉得宝石学最吸引人的地方，就在于它背后总有些阴森诡异的故事。
I think part of what's so great about gemology is that there's creepy stuff about it.
这位嘉宾是邦瀚斯与巴特菲尔德拍卖行的宝石学家兼珠宝目录编撰员。
So this guest is a gemologist and a jewelry cataloger at Bonhams and Butterfields, which is an auction house.
她人真的特别好。
And she's just lovely.
她简直太棒了。
She's just goddamn lovely.
请欣赏凯莉·赛特克。
Please enjoy Kelly Sitek.
好的。
Okay.
凯莉，宝石学家。
Kelly, gemologist.
是的。
Yes.
这太让人兴奋了。
This is so exciting.
我以前从来没遇见过宝石学家。
I I've never met a gemologist before.
我觉得这行属于特别小众的领域。
I think it's a very small niche of a field.
我以前也没见过几个，直到现在真正进入了这个行业。
So I I don't I haven't met many either, except now that I'm actually in the world.
在认识钻石商人之前，我对宝石学、珠宝行业以及矿物和水晶这些其实一无所知。
But beforehand, before I actually met a diamond dealer, I didn't really know what gemology was or what the industry was like as far as jewelry and minerals and crystals go.
但只要你认识了一个，整个新世界就向你打开了。
So it was I mean, once you meet one, then you a whole world opens.
一打开书架，后面就藏着一个钻石商的世界。
There's a bookshelf spin open, and then there's a world of Diamond dealers.
都是从矿里挖出来的。
Mined it.
钻石商、宝石商。
Diamond dealers, gem dealers.
这跟非洲、亚洲这些地方的采矿业都连着呢。
It connects to mining in, like, Africa and Asia and all these different places.
你才会明白，从地里挖出一颗石头，到最终变成首饰或商店里陈列的水晶，中间牵扯了多少人。
And you learn that, you know, so many people are involved in the process of getting a stone from the earth, taking it from the earth to, you know, a piece of jewelry or to a crystal in a in a shop for sale.
整个行业背后，有多少人付出这么多努力，真的让人惊叹。
So it's it's really kind of amazing, all the work and all the people that go into the whole industry.
太了不起了。
It's incredible.
你当宝石学家多久了？
How long have you been a gemologist?
我其实是个很新的宝石学家。
I'm actually a very new gemologist.
我是一年多前刚从美国宝石学院毕业的。
I graduated just a little over a year ago from the Gemological Institute of America.
学院在卡尔斯巴德。
It's down in Carlsbad.
以前它总部就在这儿。
It used to be based out of here.
现在它在全球各地都有分校了。
It's also all over the world now.
原来如此。
Alright.
我以前对美国宝石学院一无所知，就去查了查。
I knew nothing about the Gemological Institute of America, so I did a little digging.
这算个双关语吗？
Oh, that's a pun?
对不起。
I'm sorry.
说实话，我不是故意的。
Honestly, I didn't mean it.
所以美国宝石学院确实是正规的。
So the Gemological Institute of America is legit.
如果你想成为宝石学家，这条路是最正统的。
If you're going to become a gemologist, this is the way to do it.
它是由一个叫罗伯特·希普利的人创立的。
It was founded by a guy named Robert Shipley.
美国宝石学院的官网开头就是他的个人简介，那句话听起来像是从1940年代的电影预告片里直接搬出来的。
The website for the Gemological Institute of America starts off with his bio, and the sentence sounds like it's straight out of a 1940s movie trailer.
大概是这样的。
It sounds like this.
在大萧条最艰难的时期，一位中年男子仅凭抱负与魅力，彻底改变了德国的珠宝行业。
During the depths of the depression, a middle aged man with little more than ambition and charisma revolutionized the German jewelry industry.
这就是他的简历。
That's his bio.
他听起来真厉害。
He sounds dope.
希利当初是个运气不好的珠宝商，因为分不清宝石种类，犯过几次错。
So Shipley was kind of a down on his luck jeweler who screwed up a few times because he didn't know which gems were which.
结果他的生意垮了。
So his business failed.
后来他还离了婚，我觉得那时候这事儿挺严重的。
Then he went through a divorce, which I think was a big deal back then.
于是他离开了。
So he split.
他去了巴黎。
He went to Paris.
他说：算了吧。
He said, forget this.
我要当个艺术家。
I'm going be an artist.
他又娶了一位妻子。
He got another wife.
她叫比阿特丽斯。
Her name was Beatrice.
总的来说，希普利很烦，因为很多珠宝商根本分不清自己手里的宝石是什么。
And in general, Shipley was bummed that jewelers often had no idea what stones they were working with.
这事儿以前坑过他。
It had boned him in the past.
他对此特别不爽。
He was upset about it.
所以大家叫她比娅，她鼓励他去上几门该死的宝石学课程。
So Bea, as she was known, encouraged him to take some goddamn gemology classes.
我试着想象他们当时的对话，大概就是坐在客厅里抽烟，边抽边聊这事。
And I'm picturing their conversations, and I imagine them talking about this smoking in the living room.
总之，Shipley就这么做了。
Anyway, so Shipley did.
他去了英国，对那里的宝石学课程印象深刻。
He went to England, and he was so impressed with the gemology courses.
他回到美国后，
He came back to America.
就在美国创办了这个机构。
He started up this institute in The US.
他们住在公寓里，卖显微镜、放大镜和宝石知识小册子。
He sold microscopes and loops and gem info booklets out of their apartment.
他和B先生，真是绝配。
He and b man, what a team.
现在想成为认证宝石学家，可以在卡尔斯巴德的校园里花大约20美元搞定，要是在家自学，还能再便宜点。
Nowadays, to become a certified gemologist, you can do it for about $20 on campus in Carlsbad or a little bit less if you study up at home.
不管哪种方式，你肯定能拿到那个酷酷的放大镜设备。
Either way, you definitely get one of those cool squinty loop situations.
他们会把所有课程材料和一堆宝石寄给你，让你辨识，然后你得去参加一场史上最吓人的考试，才能拿到证书。
So they send you all the the schoolwork and all the stones to identify, and then you go down there to take the scariest test of all time to get your degree.
整个过程特别紧张。
It's very intense.
它叫‘二十石’考试。
It's called the 20 stone.
那气氛真的挺吓人的。
It's very, like, menacing.
你
You
必须
have to
你得挑出二十颗宝石，不管他们给你什么。
you have to take 20 stones, whatever they give you.
明白了。
Okay.
考试中给你的任何石头，都可能是其中一种。
And it it's really whatever they've given you in your test, they'll give you one of those.
但也可能是人造的。
But it it could be synthetic.
也可能是仿制品。
It could be an imitation of something.
它可能是天然宝石，但你得用宝石学设备做检测，比如折射仪、偏光镜之类的。
It could be the natural form of the stone, but you have to identify it, do tests with the gemological equipment, like a refractometer and a polariscope and things like that.
然后你得准确说出它是什么，一点都不能错。
And then you have to identify what it is, but you can't get anything wrong.
只要有一个小地方答错，你就直接挂了。
So if you get one little tiny thing wrong, then you fail.
我第一次考就因为一个答案没过。
And I actually failed my first one from one answer.
是合成祖母绿和天然祖母绿的区别。
It was a synthetic emerald versus a natural emerald.
我只好重考了一次，不过没事了。
And and I had to take it again, it was fine.
但是
But
不会吧。
No.
你现在讨厌祖母绿了吗？
Do you hate emeralds now?
你气得想跟它们过不去吗？
Are you so pissed at them?
说实话，那次经历反而让我更想多看些宝石，因为在宝石学里，最好的办法就是尽可能多接触各种石头，因为现在有人造假的技术越来越高明，能把假的做得跟真的一模一样，其实根本不是真的。
It it honestly made me just wanna see so many more because, you know, the best thing you can do for yourself in gemology is just get your hands on as many stones as possible because people are getting really good at imitating stones and recreating stones to make them look natural, but they're not.
对。
Mhmm.
所以，买宝石或者珠宝的时候，这才真正让人担心。
So that's where it gets scary with, like, actually buying gemstones or jewelry.
你根本无从分辨，现在假货太逼真了，你总得知道自己买的是什么吧。
You just, like, don't know because there's so many good fakes now, and you wanna actually know what you're purchasing or you you have.
所以现在我真是服了，祖母绿。
So now I'm like, damn it, emeralds.
你怎么会这么深入的？
How did you get so in?
你怎么会这么投入这件事？
How did you get so involved in this?
你虽然才做了一年，但你一直对水晶这么着迷吗？
Like, you've been doing it for a year, but were you always super into crystals?
从小就是这样。
From a young age, yes.
我爸总跟我讲，小时候我在车库里玩的事。
My dad tells me stories of hanging out in the driveway.
他把我放在外面，等他回来，地上已经堆满了树枝和石头。
He would like put me outside, and then he'd come back, and there would be these piles of sticks and stones.
他说，我不知道你当时在搞什么，是不是在做什么仪式之类的。
He was like, I don't know what you were doing if it was, like, some ceremony or something.
你小时候就是个小女巫。
You're a baby witch.
一个小女巫在摆弄大地的法术。
Baby witch doing some sort of spells with the earth.
我也说不准。
I'm not sure.
但我从小就特别着迷于昆虫、石头、土地、泥土这类东西。
But I've always had a fascination with bugs and rocks and the earth and dirt and things like that.
所以我先去拿了艺术学士学位。
So I actually went to get a BA in the arts first.
我辅修了艺术史，主修的是版画艺术。
I have a art history minor and then a fine art degree that's in printmaking.
对。
Mhmm.
从那以后，我其实不太清楚接下来该做什么，但我一直特别喜欢古董之类的东西。
And I kinda didn't really know what to do from there, what I wanted to do, but I always loved antiques and things like that.
于是我就进入了古董行业，在几家古董店工作过。
So then I went into the antique world, the antique business, and worked in some antique shops.
就是在那儿，我认识了那位钻石商人，才明白自己有多爱古董珠宝，还有那种保存历史的感觉，特别有感情。
And that is where I met the diamond dealer and understood, like, I love antique jewelry and the idea of the preservation of history, and it's very sentimental.
对。
Right.
等等。
Wait.
你认识了那位钻石商人？
You met the diamond dealer.
他该不会穿着斗篷，留着胡子，还戴单片眼镜吧？
Like, was he wearing a cloak, and did he have a mustache and a monocle?
这人到底是谁啊？
Like, who is this guy?
不是。
No.
他其实特别有风度。
He's actually, like, very suave.
他就是个正经的钻石商人。
Don't he's, like, very much a diamond dealer.
他们都很有魅力。
Like, they're very they're very, like, charming.
他们特别会谈生意，这挺好的。
They know how to, like, talk a deal and things like that, which was good.
他非常支持我，也很帮忙，还说：你这么喜欢珠宝。
He was very, very supportive and helpful and just like, you know, you love jewelry so much.
你有没有考虑过这个？
Have you thought of this?
你应该去了解一下GIA的课程，我就去看了。
You should really look into the program at the GIA, and then I did.
从那以后，事情变得特别有意思。
And and then from there, it's actually really interesting.
我真正热爱的是矿物，那些从地里直接挖出来的原石。
My love is actually with minerals and how they come straight from the earth, the raw specimens.
对。
Mhmm.
所以这最终把自然、艺术和历史全都融合在了一起。
So this ended up kind of combining nature and art and history all in one.
全都融在一起了。
All in one.
全是我最喜欢的东西。
All my favorite things.
是的。
Yeah.
所以我现在就在这条路上。
And so that's where I am now.
你通过第二次考试的时候是怎么庆祝的？
How did you celebrate when you passed your second test?
我哭了，然后给妈妈打了电话
I cried and called my
你妈妈？
mom.
真的吗？
You did?
我也是。
I did.
我当时真的觉得自己特别了不起。
I literally was like, I'm so proud of myself.
因为这个在线课程里，有来自各行各业、背景各异的很多人在学。
Because there was with the online program, there's so many different people from so many different walks of life taking it.
比如一些在行业里干了一辈子的老人，现在就想拿个正式学位。
So there's, like, older people that have been in the business forever, but they want their actual degree now.
对。
Mhmm.
里面也有很多年纪较大的女士，但她们很多人考试都挺难过的。
It was mostly some older ladies as well, but a lot of them had a hard time passing it.
所以我当时真的特别紧张，老是怀疑自己。
So I was really, like, psyching myself out.
我心想，天哪。
I was like, oh my gosh.
她们也上的是网课，我也上的是网课。
Like, they did the online program, and I did the online program.
我怎么可能过得去呢？
How am I gonna do this?
但我觉着，这主要还是心理作用。
But I think it's just so mental.
进去之后就是告诉自己：我懂这些知识点。
It's just going in there just saying, I understand the stones.
我见过那些东西。
I've seen them.
我知道该看什么。
I know what to look for.
你可以用显微镜往里看，整个石头的内部世界就全展现在眼前了。
And you get to, like, use a microscope to look inside there and just, like, see the entire world of the stone.
没有参考资料？
No cheat sheet?
没有参考资料。
No cheat sheet.
你能戴戒指之类的进去吗？
Can you wear any rings or anything with you?
你心里想，行吧。
You're like, alright.
我知道这个是石榴石。
I know this is the garnish.
有一本超厚的书可以拿来参考。
There is, like, this giant book you get to use.
首先你要大致判断一下石头的颜色。
So what you first do is you kind of identify a body color.
然后看它是透明的还是不透明的，还有一些其他特征，光靠肉眼观察就行。
And if it's translucent or opaque, things like that, like characteristics, just looking at it with your eye.
对。
Mhmm.
接着你会用折射仪，把石头放在专用液体里，测出它的折射率。
And then you go into using a refractometer, which is where you put the stone with our eye liquid, and you figure out what its refractive index is.
这其实就是石头怎么分解光线的特性。
That's kind of like how it splits light.
这个指标能非常清楚地告诉你石头是什么。
That's a very big sign of what the stone's gonna be.
如果折射率是1.77，那基本就能确定是蓝宝石了。
So if it's 1.77, you know it's gonna be like a sapphire, generally.
每颗宝石都有自己的数值，这能帮你识别它。
So each stone kind of has their own number, which helps you identify.
有些看起来很像，所以你需要更多线索，比如用偏光镜看它的光学特性，再进一步判断。
Some are very similar, so you need a a bit more information, like use a polariscope to see its polarity of things, and then you go from there.
你会做几项测试来确认。
But you do a couple tests to figure out.
然后还得用显微镜仔细看，有没有人工合成的痕迹。
And then you have to go into looking at through the microscope to see, does it have signs of being, you know, man made?
它是不是人造的？
Is it a bull?
它是不是，你知道的，
Is it, you know,
你怎么判断它是人造的？
from How do you tell if it's man made?
是不是太完美了？
Is it too perfect?
有时候，
Sometimes,
比如，它看起来特别干净。
like, it's very eye clean.
如果你什么也看不到，就会觉得有点可疑。
So if you don't see anything, you're like, well, this looks a little suspicious.
明白了。
Okay.
所以你得想，这要么是天然宝石经过加热或扩散处理来改善颜色，要么就是通过四种合成工艺——用高温和化学物质——人工制造出来的合成宝石。
So you're like, it's either a natural stone that's been heated or diffused to make the color better, or it's now a synthetic stone that is created through one of four processes with, like, heat and chemicals and things like that.
这真的挺有意思的。
So it's really interesting.
合成宝石通常呈长圆柱形，这种形状叫作‘泡生法晶锭’，然后从上面切割下来。
It looks like this long cylinder shape, the the synthetic ones called a boule, and then they cut it from there.
当你在显微镜下观察，把宝石转到某个特定角度时，就能看到那些漂亮的弧形条纹，就像一圈圈的纹路，这正是判断它来自圆柱形晶锭的关键特征。
So when you're looking in the microscope and you turn it on a certain axis, you can see these beautiful curved striae, which is like rings, and that's how you tell it was in this cylinder shaped boule.
那他们是怎么做出来的呢？
And how do they make them?
就是把碳放在工厂里，用超高压压出来的吗？
Do they just put some carbon under insane pressure in a factory?
是的，放在铂金坩埚里，再加一些矿物。
Yeah, it's in this platinum crucible, and then minerals.
有好几种方法，有的是慢慢滴入矿物，有的是把所有材料混在一起，然后加热。
There's a few different processes where they either slowly drip minerals in there, or they just have it all in this kind of mixture, and then they heat it up.
这过程特别复杂，我也不太说得清。
It's very complic I don't even know.
我真想亲眼看看是怎么做的。
I'd love to see how it's done.
或者有人选合成宝石，是因为觉得更环保、更人道，对吧？
Or would they well, are there any people that go synthetic because they think it's more cruelty free or better like, from an environmental or yeah.
就像血钻那种问题一样。
Like, there's the whole blood diamond sitch.
对，没错。
Like Right.
人们会选人造的吗？就像感恩节吃豆腐火鸡那样？
Do people gravitate towards synthetic kind of like a tofurky on Thanksgiving?
你明白我的意思吧？
Do you know what mean?
我觉得人造的主要是为了省钱。
Think synthetic is more for cost.
很多人想要那种漂亮的蓝宝石外观，但可能买不起真的。
I think a lot of people want the look of a beautiful sapphire, but maybe they can't afford it.
所以他们就选人造的，照样能有漂亮的外观。
So then they go synthetic, and you still get that great look.
而且它的化学成分确实和天然蓝宝石一模一样。
And it is the actual chemical makeup of the sapphire
对。
Mhmm.
但毕竟是人造的，完全是人工合成的。
But it's just synthetic, and it's been man made.
我觉得采矿这事儿很难真正理解，因为政府对矿工和公司都有些保护措施。
I think mining is hard to really wrap your mind around because there are certain governmental protection, like, for the miners and the companies that are put in place.
所以不会像那样持续发生权力斗争或者暴力事件之类的。
So there isn't, you know, constant power struggle for these or violence, things like that.
但有些事情你是控制不了的。
But you can't control everything.
所以很遗憾，你根本不知道这些宝石到底来自哪里。
So, unfortunately, you just don't know where all these pieces are coming from.
但我觉得正因如此，我特别喜欢古董珠宝，因为它们早就存在了。
But I think that's why for me, I really like a lot of the antique jewelry because it's been around.
它们不是新开采出来的。
It's not new.
现在没人再挖它们了。
It's not being mined now.
现在大家当然对血钻有了更多认识。
These days, people, of course, are much more aware of blood diamonds.
谢谢莱昂纳多·迪卡普里奥，多亏了你的电影《血色将至》，才让更多人关注到这个问题。
So thanks, Leonardo DiCaprio, for bringing that into awareness with your film Blood Diamond.
它们也叫冲突钻石，我总觉得是哪个公关人员在想：咱们能不能别叫血钻？
They're also called conflict diamonds, which I feel like there was someone in PR that's like, can we not call them blood diamonds?
能不能改叫冲突钻石？
Can we call them conflict diamonds?
‘冲突’听着没‘血钻’那么吓人，但这些钻石的收入确实被用来资助持续的冲突、叛乱和战争。
Conflict sounds less awful than blood diamonds, but these stones, the money was used to fund ongoing conflict, insurgency, and wars.
现在据说大约每四颗钻石里就有一颗是冲突钻石。
Now, it's said that one in four diamonds, roughly, is a conflict diamond.
不过后来有了相关规定。
But there were regulations.
有个叫金伯利进程的制度。
There's one called the Kimberly process.
有些事情还是难免会溜过去。
And some things pass through.
这倒是真的。
That's for sure.
我问了凯莉对这事的看法，她是这么说的。
I asked Kelly how she felt about it, and she said this.
我特别支持伦理开采的钻石，不过我觉得，就算有这么多法规和制度，要真正弄清楚钻石是怎么变成珠宝的，还是挺难的。
I'm very into ethically sourced diamonds, although I think even with all the laws and systems in place, it can be hard to truly know how diamonds come to find themselves in jewelry.
所以我特别喜欢老钻石，或者用家族传下来的钻石。
That is why I'm also a huge fan of older diamonds or reusing family diamonds.
所以这就是我的想法。
So there you go.
旧的才更有味道。
Old is cool.
那出生石又是怎么回事呢？
Now what's up with birthstones?
那凯莉自己喜欢她的吗？
And does Kelly even like hers?
天啊，希望别是祖母绿。
God, I hope it's not an emerald.
不是。
It's not.
谢天谢地。
Thank the lord.
你能
Can you
想象自己是海蓝宝，然后一辈子跟自己的生辰石过不去吗？
imagine I'm an aquamarine and just be spiteful towards my birthstone for the rest of my life, though?
是海蓝宝。
It's an aquamarine.
是她自己选的吗？
Do they choose that?
他们是怎么定下每个月对应哪种宝石的？
How do they decide that that's what what month is that?
是三月。
It's March.
三月。
March.
明白了。
Okay.
说实话，我根本不知道出生石的来历。
Honestly, have no idea what the history is of birthstones.
行吧。
Alright.
出生石的历史。
History of birthstones.
这可以追溯到《圣经》时代。
This goes back to the Bible.
这跟我原本以为会学到的内容完全不一样。
It was not what I was expecting to learn.
以色列人曾经佩戴一种仪式用的胸牌。
Israelites wore a ceremonial breastplate.
胸牌上镶着四排共十二颗宝石，据说代表以色列的十二个支派。
It was adorned with four rows of three precious stones said to represent the 12 tribes of Israel.
《启示录》第21章里也提到了十二种不同的宝石。
There's also something in the book of Revelation, chapter 21, about 12 different stones.
这事儿可追溯到非常非常久远的年代。
So this goes way, way, way back.
但到了1916年，一群珠宝商在堪萨斯聚在一起，推出了一份官方清单。
But in 1916, a bunch of jewelers got together in Kansas and put out an official list.
你出生的月份，对应的就应该是这个。
This is your month you were born.
这就是属于你的宝石。
This is your stone.
突然间，大家都开始关心起自己的生日石来了。
Suddenly, everyone cared about their stone.
这招真是高明。
It was genius.
除了那些出生在十一月的人，大家都挺满意的。
Everyone except people who got topaz.
你的呢？
What's yours?
你知道吗？
Do you know?
我的可真不怎么样。
Mine sucks.
是什么？
What is it?
是托帕石。
It's a topaz.
我本来想说珍珠，但天啊，拓帕石也太棒了。
I was gonna say pearl, but oh my gosh, topaz.
有些拓帕石真的特别美。
There's some beautiful topaz.
尤其是帝王拓帕，是我最喜欢的。
Like, imperial topaz is my favorite.
那种发着光的橙红色拓帕，美得不得了，简直太惊艳了。
It's, like, beautiful, like, glowing kind of orangey red topaz, and it's just spectacular.
嗯，这么说倒也说得通。
Well, that actually okay.
因为每次去商场，人家都会问你出生月份对应的宝石是什么。
Because every time you'd go to, like, the mall, and they'd be like, what's your what's your month?
大家都会说祖母绿、钻石、红宝石这些。
And everyone would be like, emeralds and diamonds and rubies.
然后拓帕石。
And then Topaz.
到了十一月，那颜色简直跟下水道的水一模一样。
You'd get to November, and it was literally the color of, like, sewer water.
你想想看。
And you're
对啊。
like Yes.
这到底是怎么回事？
What happened?
怎么会这样？他们是不是把宝石都用光了？
Why How did this Did they run out of gemstones in
他们干脆选了最差劲的那一种茶色托帕石。
They just decided to make the probably the worst color topaz.
可为什么有些托帕石颜色还挺好的？
But why are there some why are topazes like okay.
我们知道钻石本来就有各种颜色啊。
We know diamonds can be different colors.
黄玉其实可以有好多不同的颜色。
Topazes can be many different colors.
祖母绿和红宝石也是一样。
Same with emeralds and rubies.
是什么让宝石呈现出不同的颜色呢？
What makes a gem different colors?
我知道这问题听起来特别傻。
I know this is such a dumb question.
取决于宝石的化学成分。
The chemical makeup of the gem.
地底下有什么矿物质，加上温度和压力，这些因素共同作用形成了宝石的化学组成，也就决定了它的颜色。
So whatever minerals were in the area, the heat and the pressure in the minerals in the ground that combined create the chemical makeup of a stone, and that creates the color.
比如钒之类的元素，就能让不同的宝石呈现出不一样的颜色。
So, like, vanadium and things like that can create a different color in different gemstones.
关键就在于有哪些物质混合在一起，当时那锅‘矿物汤’里都有啥，才让宝石成了这个颜色。
It's all about what is combined and what was kind of, like, in the stew of this this mineral that made it that color.
碧玺是我最爱的宝石之一，因为它颜色特别多，粉红、漂亮的青绿色、绿色、蓝色、红色，几乎什么颜色都有。
So with like, tourmaline is one of my favorite stones because it comes in, I think, the largest array of colors, you know, beauty like, hot pink and gorgeous teals and green and blue and reds, every color, really.
其实很多宝石都有这种特性，但很多人不知道。
So I think a lot of gemstones people don't realize do that as well.
有意思的是，红宝石和蓝宝石其实是同一种矿物。
Like, it's interesting because a ruby and a sapphire are actually the same stone.
它们都属于刚玉家族。
They're both in the family of corundum.
真的吗？
Really?
但它们的颜色不同，名字也就不同了。
But then their color gives them a specific name.
红宝石就是刚玉里的红色品种。
So a ruby is the red form of corundum.
别说了。
Stop it.
展开剩余字幕（还有 480 条）
而蓝宝石就是蓝色的那一种。
And then sapphire is the blue form.
然后还有粉红色蓝宝石这种说法，
And then you can also get into, like, the definition of a pink sapphire
对的。
Mhmm.
其实区分的关键就在于颜色。
Versus a ruby is just the color.
所以粉红色蓝宝石和红宝石本质上是一样的东西，只是当颜色达到红色时，就叫红宝石，而不是粉红色蓝宝石了。
So pink sapphire and ruby are the same thing, except when you have a red body color, it's then a ruby instead of a pink sapphire.
那托帕石和祖母绿、红宝石之间的区别又是什么呢？
Well, what What makes a topaz different from an emerald or from a ruby?
是晶体结构不同吗？
Is it the structure of the crystals
是晶体的结构，还有就是化学成分。
in of the crystal and just literally the chemical compound.
宝石有七种不同的结晶形态。
So there's seven different growth characteristic types for gemstones.
其实就只有这七种生长方式，比如单晶、三晶这些。
So there's only seven ways that they'll really grow, monolithic, trilithic.
这些结构一共就七种。
There's seven of these in these structures.
你看到尖晶石或者黄铁矿，它们都会长成完美的立方体。
So you'll see a spinel or pyrite, and they grow into a perfect cube.
这太神奇了。
It's so cool.
没错。
Right.
我明白了。
I see true.
就是一个立方体。
Just a cube.
有些宝石会长成六边形的样子。
And some grow, like, with a, like, hexagonal shape.
对。
Mhmm.
桶状晶体也是六边形的。
A barrel grows with a hexagon.
它们天然的生长结构，也是区分彼此的关键之一。
So that also contributes to what makes them different is their natural growth structure.
原来如此。
Oh.
但托帕石在夏天看起来特别美。
But topaz is beautiful in summer.
我见过一种带点蓝绿色的。
I've seen, like, a kind of bluey green one.
那颗是
It was
太美了。
so gorgeous.
那是海水。
It was sea water.
是的。
Yeah.
就像看到一个长相普通的小婴儿，你会觉得他长大后一定好看。
That's a that's like a very, like you know, when you see, like, an ugly baby and you're like, it's gonna grow up and be fine.
托帕石一开始看起来普普通通。
Like, the topaz is like alright.
但其实特别漂亮。
It's like but it's beautiful.
它们都很好看。
They're all beautiful.
它们都很好看。
They're all beautiful.
你得找到那些真正打动你的。
You just have to find the ones that really speak to you.
这才是关键。
That's what it's about.
你对珍珠很反感吗？
Are you pissed about pearl?
因为珍珠根本算不上宝石。
Because pearl's not a goddamn gemstone.
那不过是蛤蜊吐出来的一团东西。
That's just a dingleberry from a clam.
嗯，从一团东西来的。
Well, from a dingleberry.
但你明白我的意思吧？
But do you know what I mean?
不明白。
No.
是的。
Yeah.
这是一种有机产物。
It's an organic product.
所以对我来说，我不太喜欢珍珠，主要是因为它们是从动物身上长出来的。
So it's I mean, for me, I like I'm not super into pearls just because that they're actually cut from an animal.
我是素食者，所以这让我有点难过。
I'm vegan, but so it makes me sad.
但另一方面，动物竟能创造出这么美的东西，真的很奇妙。
But it's also just beautiful that, like, an animal can create such an incredible product.
这完全是大自然的杰作。
It's just this natural
但这不是宝石。
But it's not a gem.
或者它算宝石吗？
Or is it a gem?
宝石到底是什么意思？
What's a gem exactly?
就是它和矿物有什么区别？
Like, it versus a mineral?
天哪。
Oh gosh.
真希望我能记得清楚那个定义。
I wish I could
现在一时想不起来了。
have remembered the exact definition of that right now.
不过挺好的。
I mean, it's good.
这说明你在工作中很少碰到这个话题。
It it means it doesn't come up in your work very much.
确实不常碰到。
It does not.
我工作中很少会碰到宝石的定义。
The definition of a gemstone does not come up in my work very often.
没关系。
That's okay.
我查了一下。
I looked it up.
宝石就是那种因为美观和耐用而被选中的贵重或半贵重石头或矿物。
So a gemstone is a precious or a semi precious stone or a mineral chosen for its beauty, chosen for its durability.
然后经过切割和抛光。
It's cut and then polished.
你听好了。
Now check this out.
岩石和矿物是有区别的。
There's a difference between a rock and a mineral.
我以前从来没想过这一点。
I never ever thought about this.
矿物有着非常独特的化学结构和特性。
A mineral has a very unique chemical structure and properties.
但岩石只是不同矿物的组合。
But a rock is just a combination of different minerals.
这个知识点太精准了，要不是我决定去查一下，根本不可能知道。
This fact is so precise, and I would never have learned it if I hadn't decided to look it up.
这让我特别想吹个派对DJ用的那种气喇叭。
And it makes me wanna sound an air horn like the ones that party DJs use.
好吧。
Okay.
我会弄一下，但就在背景里轻轻放一声音。
I'm going to, but just super tiny in the background.
不过我觉得珍珠其实是有机物，因为它们来自珊瑚之类的生物。
But I think pearls are technically an organic matter or material because they come from just, like, coral.
所以珍珠属于有机类，而岩石和宝石则属于无机类。
So those are in the organic field, and then rocks and gemstones are inorganic.
真奇怪，居然有一种宝石是从双壳类动物里直接取出来的。
It is weird that there is one gemstone that's just like, we pluck this thing out of a out of a bivalve.
你懂我的意思吧？
You know what I mean?
你说这东西居然来自那种东西，是不是挺诡异的？
Isn't it weird that, like, it came from, like, a that's weird.
我以前还真没想过这一点。
I never really thought about that.
我不确定是谁最先发现的，居然觉得这东西这么漂亮，能做成珠宝，还值得人们追捧。
It's I'm not sure who discovered that and was like, this is gonna be beautiful, and this is gonna be jewelry, and it's gonna be a precious thing that's desired.
是谁创造了人们对某些东西的渴望呢？
Who creates the, like, demand for certain things?
我不太清楚，但确实很有趣。
I'm not sure, but it is fascinating.
明白了。
Okay.
有证据表明，史前人类就已经在采集珍珠了。
So there's evidence of prehistoric pearl hunting.
几千年来，人们一直钟爱这种东西。
People love these for millennia.
但几千年来，找珍珠基本靠运气。
But for thousands of years, was pretty much a crapshoot.
几吨牡蛎里，才可能找到几颗天然形成的珍珠。
In a few tons of oysters, only a few would have a naturally occurring pearl.
所以珍珠特别昂贵，因为你只能指望那只小生物不小心吞进了什么异物。
So pearls were incredibly expensive because you'd just hope that this little critter got a chunk of something stuck in its craw.
但到了20世纪初，这一切彻底改变了。
But then, in the early 1900s, that all changed.
有个人叫威廉·萨瓦尔·肯特。
There was a guy named William Savall Kent.
他是位英国生物学家，特别关注渔业的可持续发展。
He was a British biologist who was really, really into sustainable fisheries.
总得有人对这个感兴趣吧。
Someone's got to be into that.
到了19世纪90年代，他在澳大利亚。
Now in the 1890s, he was in Australia.
他当时在试验人工养珠，方法是把一小颗圆珠——用贝类外壳做的，再配上一小块其他贝类的组织，手术植入贝类的性腺里。
He was experimenting with pearl cultivation, and it involved a little round bead made of mollusk shell plus a little piece of donor mollusk material being surgically implanted into the gonads of a mollusk.
然后把这些贝类放回海里，用网笼养上几年。
And then they returned to the ocean in a net for a few years.
它们就在那儿慢慢长珍珠了。
They're like, Work on that pearl.
它们大概在想：我真讨厌你。
And they're like, I hate you.
他当时在一座叫星期四岛的地方做这项研究。
So he was working on this in a place called the Thursday Islands.
同时，有两位叫西条和西川的人，也恰好在星期四岛。
And some guys named Nisei and Nishikawa also happened to be in the Thursday Islands.
他们在1907年申请了这项专利。
And they patented this in 1907.
搞全这些专利，花了不少时间。
It took a while to get all the patents, all that stuff.
到了1921年，圆形养殖珍珠终于上市了。
Anyway, in 1921, round cultured pearls hit the market.
据说威廉·萨瓦尔·肯特可能借鉴了这个方法，然后这些人跑到锡达群岛，一看，这玩意儿不错，就带回日本申请了专利。
So it's said that this guy, William Saval Kent, maybe adopted it, and maybe these guys came to the Thursday Islands and were like, hey, that's pretty good, and then took it back to Japan and patented it.
管他呢。
Whatever.
威廉·萨瓦尔·肯特说，把珍珠拿去吧。
William Saval Kent was like, take the pearls.
我这日子过得真糟心。
My life sucks.
我还有更头疼的事呢。
I've got bigger problems.
比如，他妈妈很早就去世了。
For example, his mom died early.
他的同父异母兄弟被他妹妹杀了，据说她因此被判刑，不过他也可能是帮凶，但从来没被起诉。
His half brother was killed by his sister perhaps who was convicted of it, although he maybe was an accomplice, but he was never charged.
总之，这一切都挺让人难过的。
Anyway, it's all sad.
全都是特别黑暗的事。
It's all super dark.
让我想抱抱世界上每一个人，然后躲进山洞里。
Makes me wanna hug everyone in the world and then go hide in a cave.
说到山洞……
Speaking of caves?
那你有没有参加过考古发掘？
And then have you been on a dig at all?
我参加过一次发掘，那绝对是全天下最棒的经历。
I went on one dig, and it's pretty much the coolest thing on the entire planet.
真的吗？
Really?
然后呢？
What happens?
我真希望这辈子能多去几次采矿。
Want to go mining so much more in my life.
我朋友带我去了一次私人采矿之旅，就在加州的奥赛德那边。
I was taken by a friend on this kind of, like, private mining tour down in, like, Ocean View or Oceanside.
对。
Mhmm.
奥赛德在加州，那里有很多碧玺矿。
Oceanside in California, which is where a lot of tourmaline mines are.
他们挖到很多烟晶之类的矿石。
And they get, like, smoky quartz and things like that.
所以加州这儿的采矿资源真的很丰富。
So there's a lot of great mining here in California.
你还可以付费去矿场挖一整天，特别有意思。
And you can actually pay to go and mine for the day, which is really fun too.
在南加州，有个叫‘挖宝石’的网站，花75美元就能去捡一天石头。
In Southern California, if you check out this site called Dig For Gems, for $75, you can go haul some rocks for the day.
不过提醒你，记得带水。
But warning, bring water.
据说那里的老板特别像尤塞米蒂·萨姆，是个脾气古怪的老派拓荒者。
And apparently, the owner is a lot like Yosemite Sam and that he is a cantankerous pioneer type.
你挖到的东西能带走吗？
Do you get to keep what you get?
当然能。
Yeah.
你能留下一些特定的矿石，这真的很棒。
You get to, like, keep certain things, which is really cool.
我还没去过，但真得去一次。
I haven't done that yet, but I need to.
我们参加过一次游览，深入了矿洞里面。
We went on this one tour where we went and saw, like, deep in the mines.
你真的会走进山体里，当时有一群工人正在墙上打孔，准备当天爆破。
So you actually go in the mountainside, and there were a whole bunch of guys that were drilling the wall to blast that day.
哦。
Oh.
我亲眼看着他们钻孔，声音大得吓人。
So I'm literally, like, watching them drill these holes, and it's really loud.
他们还不断往孔里注水，防止钻头过热什么的。
And they're, like, you know, pumping it full of water so it doesn't, you know, create a lot of heat and whatever.
墙上密密麻麻全是孔，接着他们就把炸药棒送进来，那场面真吓人。
So there's a bunch of holes in the wall, and then they bring in the dynamite sticks, which is terrifying.
天哪。
Dang.
待在炸药旁边实在太吓人了。
To be around dynamite is so scary.
所以他们会先打一些洞，像是洞穴一样，然后把炸药放进这些洞里。
So they make, like, holes, like burrows, and then they show the dynamite in the burrows.
他们在墙上找的时候，会留意一些小的晶体迹象，或者可能藏有矿石的缝隙。
So what they do is, like, when they're looking in a wall, you wanna look for little signs of crystals or, like, a pocket that will have stones in it.
然后就试着用爆破的方式把那些缝隙打开。
And then from there, you're gonna try to blast to open up a pocket.
希望后面能发现一些岩石、晶体之类的东西。
And, hopefully, behind there, there is some some form of, like, rocks or crystals or things like that.
有时候能一下子挖到大宝藏，满是宝石；但很多时候，人们为了炸开岩壁反而把石头给毁了，这种事情我听说不少。
And sometimes you hit it really big and you hit this great pocket and it's, like, full of gems or you end up like, I think a lot of times people maybe end up destroying stones because they're trying to blast the wall or, you know, things like I know.
真是可惜啊。
Such a harsh fail.
但你还是得试，我觉得不试怎么知道呢。
But you gotta you know, I think you just have to try.
你根本说不准。
You know, you don't know.
你要么用手进去挖，要么就炸开墙找那个矿脉。
You can either go in there with your hands or you're gonna blast the wall open if there's a pocket.
没错。
So Yeah.
那你还能怎么办呢？
Like, what else are you gonna do?
总不能光用指甲一点点抠吧，
Just pick at it with your fingernails till
直到抠穿为止。
you get through
这山你抠得动吗？
the mountain?
对啊。
Yeah.
那根本做不到。
You can't do that.
不行。
No.
那得花上好长时间。
It's it would take forever.
对啊。
Right.
所以没错。
So yeah.
因为我们当时在山里头很深的地方。
Because we were very far in the mountain.
你有幽闭恐惧症吗？
Were you claustrophobic?
没有。
No.
没事的。
It's Okay.
简直大得离谱。
It's, like, huge.
明白了。
Okay.
那些洞穴大得惊人，里面还有各种各样的通道和多层结构可以逛。
The the caverns they make are, like, just ginormous for and there's all these, like, different kind of walkways to go through and different levels that you can go up.
太不可思议了。
It's wild.
你简直就像只鼹鼠，在里面瞎转悠。
You feel literally, like, kind of like a mole or something, like, wandering around.
我当时就想，天啊。
I was like, oh, wow.
动物的踪迹。
Animal life.
我们把所有地方都塞满了炸药，然后一起点着了。
So we packed everything full of dynamite, and then they light everything.
我当时就想，我们不是应该赶紧从山里跑出去吗？
And I'm like, are we not supposed to be running right now out of the mountain?
他们却慢悠悠的，一点都不着急。
And they're just taking their time.
他们说：‘别急，我们还有四分钟。’
They're like, oh, we have four minutes.
我当时就想，我得赶紧冲出山洞。
I was like, I'm gonna run out the mountain.
你们在山里面？
You're in the mountain?
我们在山里，然后他们点火了。
We're in the mountain, and they light it.
那然后呢？
And so What?
是啊。
Yeah.
太吓人了。
So so scary.
然后我们刚跑到外面，就感受到一阵前所未有的巨大轰鸣。
So then we, like, get outside, and then the deepest, biggest boom you've ever felt.
天哪。
Woah.
就是砰的一声。
And it was just like, boom.
我当时心想，天啊。
And I was like, oh my god.
这太吓人了。
This is scary.
接着你看到全是尘土冒出来，然后得等一个小时才能让尘埃落定。
And then you see all of the dust come out, and then you have to wait an hour to let it settle.
明白了。
Okay.
然后他们进去，轻轻敲一下天花板，确认有没有石头会掉下来，毕竟还有些石头松动着。
And then they go in there, and they kind of, like, hit the top of the ceiling to make sure nothing comes down because there are still rock that's loose.
谁干这份工作？
Who has that job?
一个戴着安全帽的男人。
A man with a hard hat.
这活儿真够呛。
That job sucks.
我知道。
I know.
我当时就说，天哪。
I was like, oh my gosh.
太吓人了。
It's so scary.
然后我们进去，得仔细翻找，看看口袋里有没有东西。
And then you go in there, and we got to kinda dig around to see if there was anything that was in the pocket.
可惜那天没找到，但他们带我们看了另一个地方，那里确实有一点小矿脉。
And unfortunately, that day there wasn't, but they showed us another kind of area that did have a little bit of a pocket.
所以我们带了一些石英回家，还有别的东西，特别棒。
So we we got to take some quartz home and things like that, which was really cool.
你留着了吗？
Did you keep it?
留着呢。
Yeah.
我手里有几块。
I have a couple.
有一块石头上长着一个特别漂亮的石英晶簇，形状完美极了。
Like, there's a rock that has, like, this beautiful, like, perfect quartz point coming out of it.
那里还出过不少锂辉石，是一种晶体。
And they've gotten a lot of spodumene out of there, which is a type of crystal.
最神奇的是，不同角度下它会呈现出粉红或者漂亮的紫罗兰色，太惊艳了。
And it's so cool because on different axes, it, like, shows either, like, a pink or, like, this beautiful violet color, which is so cool.
所以你转一转，就能看到不同的颜色。
So you turn it, you see different colors.
那儿还有一块叫‘大卡胡纳’的，他们是从那儿挖出来的。
And there was this one in there called Big Kahuna that they took out of there.
叫‘大卡胡纳’？
It's Big Kahuna?
他们还给它起了名字？
They named it?
那块可大了。
And it's huge.
我的意思是，这可能是他们见过最大的了。
I mean, this thing is the biggest that I think they've ever seen.
所以……
So
给晶体起名字是常态吗？
Is it typical to name crystals?
是的。
Yeah.
还有一个特别酷的。
There's also one that's really cool.
那是一种漂亮的碧玺，像派对颜色的碧玺长在石英上，看起来像艘蒸汽船。
It's like this beautiful tourmaline, like, think party colored tourmaline on a quartz, and it looks like a steamboat.
所以我觉得它叫什么‘蒸汽船’什么的。
So I think it's called, like, a steamboat something.
我不太确定具体叫什么。
I'm not sure what it is.
我根本没想到它们还有外号。
But I have no idea they got nicknames.
这世上不会再有第二个这样的了。
There's not gonna be another one of these in the world.
它们之所以被起了名字，是因为实在太惊人了。
And then they named them because they're just so amazing.
是的。
Yeah.
咱们现在回到你的水晶上吧。
Now let's get back to your crystals.
你明显收藏了不少水晶。
You have a collection of crystals clearly.
对吧？
Right?
你会给它们起名字吗？
Do you name those or no?
我不给它们起名字，但它们确实有种独特的能量，走到哪儿都能感觉到。
I don't name them, but they definitely I think, like, if you go anywhere, you they definitely have a certain energy.
有些特别能打动你，有些则不然。
Like, some really speak to you or not.
你懂的。
You know?
对
Mhmm.
这就跟任何物件差不多。
It's almost like any object.
它要么吸引你，要么不吸引你。
It either calls to you or it doesn't.
对我来说，水晶的美和独特性真的很有吸引力。
And with crystals for me, their beauty and their individuality really talks.
你知道吗，如果你在一家水晶店，总会有一个让你觉得：带我回家吧。
It's, you know, if you're in a store of crystals, there's gonna be one that's like, take me home.
就像我最近就干过这事。
Like, I
得跟你走。
need to come with you.
我最近就干过这事。
I did that recently.
我当时在亚利桑那。
Was in Arizona.
对。
Yes.
我去了一家小宝石店。
And I was and I went into a little gem shop.
我看了一圈，心想，真漂亮啊。
And I was like, oh, this is lovely.
我一边看一边问，你们有没有那种能让人平静下来的石头？
And I was looking at things, and I was like, what do you have that's like a good calming Yeah.
就是那种适合放松的。
Situation?
是的。
Mhmm.
我这个人啊，特别容易焦虑。
Because I'm like a chihuahua.
我就想着，找个蓝色的地方。
I'm just like, like, blue place.
对。
Mhmm.
我在想，有什么东西能让人平静下来的？
I'm like, what's like something calming?
他就拿出了一个蓝色的东西。
And he's like this blue thing.
哎，我钱包里正好有。
Oh, I have it my wallet.
是的。
Yes.
你倒是跟我说说，这到底是什么？
I'm really tell me what it is?
是的。
Yes.
好的。
Okay.
这可不是突然测验。
This is not meant to be a pop quiz.
那我们就来吧。
But let's do it.
好的。
Okay.
我第一反应是他可能会推荐蓝玉髓，不过我还是看看实际是什么吧。
I'm like, I'm gonna suggest blue lace agate first in my mind of what he would suggest, but let's see what it is.
好的。
Okay.
咱们看看有什么惊喜。
Let's see excited.
我钱包里还有耳塞和发夹。
There's in my wallet, there's also earplugs and bobby pins.
还没完呢。
That's not all.
是的。
Yeah.
都是必需品。
The essentials.
所以嘛。
So okay.
好吧。
Okay.
我买这个蓝色的东西，是因为他说能让人平静，而且他本人也特别友善。
So I got this blue thing because he said it was calming and also because he seemed so nice.
我不想空着手从他店里出来。
I didn't wanna just walk out of his shop without buying anything.
对。
No.
这其实是一种石英。
This is this is actually a quartz.
原来如此。
Okay.
它叫 Aqua Aura 石英，是经过人工处理的。
It's called Aqua Aura quartz, and it's actually treated.
他们把它放进某种容器或者坩埚里，然后用钛高温处理。
So what they do is they put this in some sort of container or crucible or something, and they heat it with titanium.
什么？
What?
就是一些微小的颗粒。
Like particles.
这样就在表面形成了一层蓝色的彩虹光泽。
And that actually puts this blue kind of rainbow essence on the surface.
这是个石英尖晶，据说有很强的疗愈效果。
So it's a quartz point, so that has a lot of incredible healing powers.
好的。
Okay.
这地方啊，科学和玄学可就碰一块儿了。
This is where science and the woo woo kind of collide.
你先听我说完。
Just stick with me.
咱们来看看这事儿。
Let's look into this.
过去五年里，谷歌上搜索‘水晶疗愈’的人增加了百分之四十。
So in the last five years, apparently, there's been a 40% increase in Google searches for the term crystal healing.
那水晶真有用吗？
Now, do crystals work?
这得看你怎么定义‘有用’了。
It really, really depends on your definition of work.
2001年，有位医生做过一项研究。
One study in 2001 by Doctor.
克里斯托弗·弗伦奇让参与者握着水晶冥想五分钟。
Christopher French asked participants to meditate for five minutes holding a crystal.
有些人拿到的是真正的优质水晶。
Some were given a real, awesome crystal.
有些人拿到的是假水晶。
Some were given a fake crystal.
但报告手心发热、幸福感增强的人数差不多。
But people who reported warmth in their hands and increased feelings of well-being were about equal.
所以说，这种健康感受其实取决于个人的体验。
So wellness is kind of in the hand of the beholder here.
我有个问题想问一下。
Well, I have a question about this.
碰别人的水晶真的不合适吗？
Is it not kosher to touch someone's crystal?
因为我总觉得，不该去碰别人的水晶。
Because I always feel like you're not supposed to touch their crystal.
这是个好问题，因为我觉得有些人一听说就吓一跳。
A great question because I think some people are like, oh my gosh.
对啊。
Right.
但有很多人会非常认真地使用水晶，他们会用意念去设定水晶，让它帮助自己实现愿望。
But there are a lot of people that work really intensely with crystals, and they work with programming them with their intentions, with what they wanna manifest.
所以问问确实没什么不好。
So it can be good to ask.
但对我来说，如果是普通的饰品，我就当它是带来正能量和好心情的。
But for me, like, if it's generally jewelry, I'm just like, I wear it for the good energy and the good vibes.
别人想怎么用，我也不在意。
And if people want to, it's like, that's whatever.
你懂的。
You know?
反正能量和好运气是会共享的。
You're gonna share the energy and the good juju.
你考试的时候带了特定的水晶吗？
Did you take a specific crystal down with you to take the test?
那天我带了几块。
I think I had a few that day.
我肯定带了石英和黑碧玺，因为黑碧玺特别能稳住心神，对家里也很有帮助。
I definitely had some quartz and some black tourmaline because black tourmaline is really grounding, and it's really good for your home, especially.
它能帮人驱散负面能量、消极想法之类的东西。
But it helps take away negative energy and negative thoughts and things like that.
所以我心想，我得保持平静和安定。
So I was like, I need to be calm and grounded.
我还带了拉长石。
And I did have some labradorite.
这石头有魔力，我当时就想，今天得靠它帮我顺利通过考试。
It's a stone of magic, and I was like, I need some extra help today to pass this test.
这招真管用。
That's it worked.
我桌上一直放着一小簇水晶。
I've had, like, the little cluster on my desk.
从科学角度来说，水晶的心理作用真的很有趣。
The psychology of crystals is super interesting scientifically.
首先，水晶确实存在。
Number one, crystals are here.
很多人对它们深信不疑。
Some people swear by them.
阿黛尔、凯蒂·佩里、所有卡戴珊家族的人，还有麦当娜。
Adele, Katy Perry, all of the Kardashians, a Madonna.
既然你总能听到关于水晶的事，不如我们来聊聊它们背后的心理和生理机制。
So as long as you're going to hear about crystals, let's consider the psychology and the physiology behind them.
物理原理我们待会儿再说。
We'll get to the physics in a minute.
好的。
Okay.
首先，你的大脑就像一团晃来晃去的乱麻。
First, your brain is a jiggly mess.
里面有神经、线路、脂肪组织、记忆，还有好多我们搞不懂的东西。
It's got nerves, and wires, and fatty stuff, and memories, and shit we don't understand.
但有一件事，我们多少还是有点理解的，那就是安慰剂效应。
But one of those things we kind of understand is the placebo effect.
根据我的医生引用的网页md.com的说法，最普遍的一种理论认为，安慰剂效应源于人的预期。
Now, according to my doctor, w w w dot webmd dot com, one of the most common theories is that the placebo effect is due to a person's expectations.
如果一个人相信某种药丸能起作用，那么身体自身的化学反应就可能产生类似真正药物的效果。
So if a person expects a pill to do something, then it's possible that the body's own chemistry can cause effects similar to what a medication might have caused.
这有个专门的术语。
There's a word for this.
叫作神经对生理的自上而下调控。
It's called neural top down control of physiology.
意思是大脑直接调节身体的各种生理功能。
That is the direct regulation by the brain of physiological features.
比如免疫系统、新陈代谢和压力反应。
Features like the immune system and metabolism and stress.
我一开始没完全明白，就去找了那篇叫《心理生理研究整合框架中的自上而下与自下而上机制》的论文。
I didn't totally get this, so I looked up the scientific paper called Top Down and Bottom Up Mechanics in Development of an Integrative Framework for Psychophysiological Research.
当然。
Sure.
好的。
Okay.
论文里是这么说的。
This is what it said.
这可是正式发表的科学论文。
And this was a published scientific paper.
像催眠、生物反馈、瑜伽、冥想、太极这些身心疗法，已经被证实能有效缓解抑郁、失眠、焦虑、创伤后应激、肠易激综合征、恶心，以及急性和慢性疼痛，还能帮助改善血液循环、控制糖尿病之类的状况。
So mind body therapies, including things like hypnosis, biofeedback, yoga, meditation, tai chi, have been found effective for reducing depression, insomnia, anxiety, post traumatic stress, irritable bowel syndrome, nausea, acute and chronic pain, and for managing impaired circulation, diabetes, stuff like that.
要实现这些效果，背后有好几种自上而下调控生理的机制。
And there's a number of mechanisms of top down control of physiology that you can use to achieve that.
可能是冥想。
One might be meditation.
也可能是握着一块石头。
One might be holding a rock.
对于那些下定决心要开始的人，有什么入门建议吗？
What's a good starter kit for people with who are like, I'm gonna do it.
今年就是时候了。
This is the year.
今年我要试试玩玩水晶。
This is my year to dabble in crystals.
我要变成那种爱研究矿物的人，专门挑些漂亮的石头来玩。
I'm gonna become one of those witchy people, I'm and just gonna dabble in awesome minerals and stuff.
就随便买几块水晶就行？
Just like a little a few crystals?
对。
Yeah.
他们走进宝石店的时候，一般会买些什么入门单品？
What's like their like, they walk into a gem store, like, what's their starter kit?
就是想看起来很酷那种。
Like, they wanna be like, hot
这问题问得真好。
This is a great,
确实是个好问题。
great question also.
他们想找个好工作。
They wanna make get have a good job.
就是入门必备的几样东西。
Like, starter kit.
这太棒了。
This is great.
好吧。
Okay.
第一，肯定是透明石英，因为它被称为万能疗愈石。
Number one, definitely clear quartz because it is a master healer.
明白了。
Okay.
另外要注意，如果你买了水晶，得定期给它们净化。
And please note, if you get crystals, you need to cleanse them as well.
最好能放在月光下。
You want to put them in the moonlight if you can.
让月光帮它们净化，或者放在阳光下、盐水里，还有大米里，我觉得也可以。
Just let that cleanse them, or you can put them in the sunshine or put them in salt water or rice, I think, does it too.
大米？
Rice?
用大米？
Rice.
你直接把它们放进
You can just put them
放在米里。
in rice.
你就像说，我
You're like, I
帮你把水晶清理了。
got your crystals.
放在厕所里，然后得把它晾干。
In the toilet, and I need to dry it out.
装进一袋米里就行。
Like, put in a bag of rice.
是那种能夜光的东西在充电吗？
Is it, like, charging something that's glow in the dark?
拿起来对着光，感觉就像
Like, holding it up to a light kind of feel like
你得这么做，尤其是水晶，因为它吸收的能量特别多，得把能量释放出来。
you need to, like especially with quartz because it takes in so much energy, you wanna release it.
有一种现象叫压电效应，就是像石英这样的晶体在受压时会产生电。
There is something called piezoelectricity, and it's the principle that crystalline forms like quartz can generate electricity when under stress.
你要是戴过石英手表，就应该见过这现象。
I mean, you see this if you have a quartz watch.
有些人说，矿物中的晶体结构和人体的能量场是能对上的。
Some folks argue that the crystalline structure in minerals aligns with the energy field of our bodies.
也有人直接说：管他呢，这玩意儿挺酷的，让我开心就行。
Others say, Well, shit dog, That's pretty rock, and it makes me happy.
我的态度？就是萝卜青菜，各有所爱。
My stance, tomato, tomato.
这东西能让你开心吗？
Does the thing make you happy?
那就去做吧。
Do the thing.
石英肯定要选。
Quartz for sure.
如果你想吸引财富、金钱，或者更多物质上的富足，那就选黄水晶吧，那种漂亮的金色。
If you want to bring abundance, money, more monetary, like, stuff into your life, you wanna get citrine, which is this beautiful kind of golden color.
它也是石英的一种。
It is also quartz.
但它可是招财石，对各方面都有好处。
But that is, like, the abundance stone, and it's just it's good for everything.
如果你想疗愈心灵，培养自爱和自我关怀，那就选粉水晶，那种漂亮的粉红色。
And then if you want something to heal your heart, to promote self love and self care, you wanna get rose quartz, which is a beautiful pink color.
对，没错。
Mhmm.
这是我最喜欢的石头之一。
It's one of my favorite stones.
特别让人平静。
It's very soothing.
是一种柔和的灰粉色，堪称第一疗愈心石。
It's this gorgeous, like, soft, dusty pink, and that is number one heart stone.
还有黑电气石，你家里一定要放一块，自己带着也行，能起到保护作用，毕竟外面世界太复杂了。
And then also black tourmaline, you definitely wanna have just for your home, for yourself as protection because as we go into the world, you know, there's so much going on.
我觉得电气石特别适合挡掉那些让你不舒服的负面能量。
And and I think that tourmaline's a really good protector against, you know, whatever might arise that you're not really comfortable with.
比如世界大战之类的。
Like world wars and stuff.
对。
Yeah.
你懂的。
You know?
比如末日那种。
Like the apocalypse.
有点吧。
Kinda.
还是得靠水晶来做好准备。
You wanna be prepared with your crystals.
如果非要说的话，你可以把
If anything, you can throw
它们放在身边，人们。
them, people.
我有一个带尖刺的。
Like, I got a spiky one.
来啊，放马过来。
Come at me, bitches.
对吧。
Right.
这个特别沉。
This one's really heavy.
没错。
Right.
最后，我想说，我特别喜欢拉长石。
And then I think probably, finally, from me, I love Labradorite.
这是我最喜欢的石头之一。
It's one of my favorite stones.
我收藏了这么多，就是因为它真的美得惊人。
I have so much of it just because it is incredibly beautiful.
每一块都不一样，它可是魔法之石。
And it like, every single one is different, and it is the stone of magic.
对。
Mhmm.
我完全相信这一点。
And I totally believe that.
其他宝石学家或者钻石商是怎么看的？
What are the camps of other gemologists or diamond dealers?
他们觉得宝石真有什么灵性吗？
How do they feel about, like, is anything spiritual with with gems?
宝石学家们普遍是怎么想的？
Like, where do you where does where do gemologists fall?
这真是各说各话，我觉得吧，对我来说，水晶就是地球孕育出的美丽造物。
This is it's such a mixed bag, I think, because crystals for me, they're they're just like this beautiful creation of the earth.
它们让我深深扎根于大地，提醒我放慢脚步，静下心来。
So they really ground me to the earth, and they remind me to kind of calm down and center.
但有些人就是没法进入那种状态。
And some people are just not in that mind frame.
他们根本不认同这些灵性层面的东西。
They're not on that spiritual side of things.
在他们眼里，水晶就是从地里挖出来的石头，仅此而已。
So they're just come from the earth, that is it.
他们只想着卖钱，把它纯粹当成一门生意。
And they wanna sell it for money, and they look at it as it at it as, like, a business.
对。
Mhmm.
所以归根结底，还是看你对生活怎么看，信不信这些灵性的东西。
So it really depends on your views on life and if you're a spiritual or not.
有些人只是稍微碰一碰，因为他们觉得水晶太美了，纯粹就是收藏爱好者。
And some people dabble a little bit because they just think they're so beautiful, and they're actual just crystal collectors.
他们在意的不是灵性层面，而是物品本身的美感和稀有性。
It's not so much for the spiritual side, but just the beauty and the rarity of the items.
所以整个领域真是五花八门，什么人都有。
So it's really a mixed bag all over the spectrum.
关键不在于你拿的是什么造型，或者什么东西。
It's not so much about the figure or whatever you're holding.
重要的是你能实实在在地触摸到一件东西。
It's just that you get to put your energy into something physical.
你不用总得靠想象或者相信什么看不见的东西。
You're not just always having to think or believe in something.
你可以。
You can
真的能握在手里。
actually hold something.
一旦你了解了某种石头代表什么，确实如此。
Well, it seems like once you kind of know what a stone stands for Mhmm.
以后每次看到闪亮的金石或者玫瑰石英，你就会恍然大悟。
Then, like, anytime you look at a a glimmering gold stone or, like, a rose quartz, you're gonna be like, oh, yeah.
没错。
That's right.
我的心需要疗愈。
My heart has to heal.
这是关于母性的，你知道我说的是什么吧？
It's mother's you know what mean?
至少你会一直惦记着这件事吧？
You think it'll be on your mind, at least?
我收到很多人问的问题，他们确实。
I have a bunch of questions from people who yeah.
想一口气向你提一堆问题。
Wanted to just pepper you with questions.
那我们来个快速问答环节。
So we'll do a rapid fire round.
好的。
Okay.
你不用深入回答每个问题，
You don't have to answer them in-depth,
就直接说重点吧。
but just tell me fire.
对。
Yeah.
我们这就开始快速问答。
We'll rapid fire these.
但在回答听众朋友们的问题之前，我们先插个简短的广告。
But before we take questions from you, our beloved listeners, we're gonna take a quick break for sponsors of the show.
广告？
Sponsors?
为什么要有赞助商呢？
Why sponsors?
你知道他们是怎么帮我们的吗？
You know what they do?
他们帮我们每周都给不同的慈善机构捐钱。
They help us give money to different charities every week.
如果你想了解Ologies把钱捐给了哪些机构，可以去alieward.com，找到‘Ologies回馈’那个页面。
So if you wanna know where Ologies gives our money, you can go to alieward.com and look for the tab Ologies gives back.
我们已经支持了大约一百五十个慈善机构，而且每周还在不断增加。
There's, like, a 150 different charities that we've given to already with more every single week.
如果你不知道该把钱捐到哪儿，这些机构都是由Ologies团队里相关领域的专家精心挑选的，而这个广告时段让我们能向他们提供大量资金支持。
So if you need a place to go donate a little bit of money, you're not sure where to go, those are all picked by Ologies who work in those fields, and this ad break allows us to give a ton of money to them.
谢谢大家收听，也谢谢我们的赞助商。
So thanks for listening, and thanks sponsors.
好的。
Okay.
你们的问题。
Your questions.
这些问题真不错，我压根儿没想到过。
These are some good questions that I never would have thought of.
好的。
Okay.
珍想知道，除了钻石之外，还有哪些宝石被高估了，又有哪些被低估了？
Jen wants to know I wanna know what stone other than diamonds is overrated, and what stone is underappreciated?
天哪。
Oh my gosh.
这是个好问题。
It's good question.
对吧？
Right?
说得真好。
That was great.
干得漂亮，Jen。
Good job, Jen.
被高估了。
Overrated.
我简单说一下，不是故意挑刺，就是祖母绿，因为祖母绿
I'm just gonna quickly go, not to be spiteful, with emeralds because Emeralds
在你眼里不太行。
are on your shit list.
事实上，有85%的祖母绿都经过油或树脂处理，来改善它们的透明度。
Because it is actually a fact that 85% of them are actually treated with an oil or a resin to make their clarity better.
我不是想贬低祖母绿的能量，但有时候这种处理确实有点误导人。
And not to take away from the amazing energy of an emerald, but I think it is deceptive sometimes.
很多人根本不知道这一点。
People don't truly know that.
所以如果你在听，记住一点：大部分祖母绿都是经过处理的。
So if you're listening, know that 85% of emeralds are generally treated.
它们不是人造的，但内部通常会注油或处理，让颜色更透亮。
They're not synthetic, but they are treated with oil or something within them to make them more clear.
哦，绿宝石真是被高估了。
Oh, overrated emeralds.
其实被低估了。
It's underrated.
被低估？
Underrated?
这真不容易啊。
That's really hard.
拉碧石？
Labradite?
光谱石？
Spectralite?
肯定是光谱石。
Spectralite for sure.
我觉得它被低估了，应该更广为人知才对。
I think underrated and should be more out there.
它是我最爱的石头之一，叫洛托莱石英或者花园石英，因为里面真的像藏着一片泡沫般的紫绿色花园。
It's just one of my favorite stones of all time called lotolite quartz or garden quartz because it literally looks like a foamy purple green garden inside of quartz.
这绝对是我在见过的石头里最惊艳的一种。
It's, like, one of the most amazing stones I've ever seen.
而且它们的形状各式各样，千奇百怪。
And they come in just, like, all these different shapes.
真希望我带了一块过来。
I wish I would have brought one.
其实我手链里就有一颗。
Actually, my bracelet has it in it.
但它看起来有点像青苔。
But it looks like kind of like moss.
天哪。
Oh my god.
太酷了。
That's so cool.
就像一块天然的大理石。
It's like a cool natural marble.
对。
Yeah.
简直不可思议。
It's crazy.
里面全是条纹，还能看到生长的纹路。
And it's just like this whole world of stripes, and you can see the growth patterns.
纹理跟插花用的那那种绿色泡沫一模一样。
And the texture looks like that green foam you stick flowers into.
没错。
Uh-huh.
你真想摸一摸，可它硬得很，还裹在石头里。
And you just wanna touch it, but it is hard, and it is encased in stone.
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