财务自由心理学

嘿，我是杰。

Hey, it's Jay.

我不知道你今天过得怎么样，但我刚才想了一会儿你。

I don't know what your day's been like, but I was just thinking about you for a minute.

我希望你能对自己多一点耐心，因为你值得。

And I hope you're being a little patient with yourself because you deserve it.

对，我很快会再跟你聊。

And, yeah, I'll talk to you soon.

嘿，大家好。

Hey, everyone.

欢迎回到《On Purpose》。

Welcome back to On Purpose.

我想用两个小小的词来开始这一集。

I wanna start this episode by saying just two small little words.

当我说出来的时候，我希望你们在脑海里和身体里感受一下，会有什么情绪浮现。

And when I do, I want you to notice in your mind and in your body what feelings come up for you.

我们开始吧。

Here we go.

这两个词就是“金融素养”。

The words are financial literacy.

我知道，对我们很多人来说，光是听到“财务”这个词就可能让人很焦虑。

Look, I know for many of us, even just hearing the word finances can cause a lot of anxiety.

也许你感到不知所措，也许你觉得自己落后了，也许你想再拖一拖，晚点再学金融素养。

Maybe you feel overwhelmed, maybe you feel behind, maybe you wanna keep pushing off learning about financial literacy for a little while longer.

不管你处于什么状态，我都能理解。

Wherever you are, I get it.

但我的看法是这样的。

But here's my take.

金融素养不是关于学习钱是怎么运作的。

Financial literacy isn't about learning how money works.

而是关于学习你在钱面前是怎么运作的。

It's about learning how you work around money.

想想看。

Think about this.

如果我问你，你和金钱的关系是什么样的，你会怎么诚实地回答？

If I asked you what your relationship with money is like, how would you honestly answer?

我们大多数人甚至从来没想过这个问题。

Most of us have never even thought about that question before.

我们会谈论和伴侣、家人、朋友，甚至和自己的关系。

We talk about relationships with our partners, our family, our friends, and even ourselves.

但很少有人会停下来想一想，我们和金钱之间也有一种关系。

But very few of us stop to consider that we also have a relationship with money.

而这种关系是健康的、焦虑的、回避的还是安全的，往往比银行账户里的实际数字更能影响我们的生活。

And whether that relationship feels healthy, anxious, avoidant, or secure often shapes our lives far more than the actual number sitting in our bank account.

当大多数人想到金融素养时，他们以为那只是学习金钱如何运作。

When most people think about financial literacy, they think it's just about learning how money works.

他们以为那只是关于预算、投资、债务、税收、退休账户或复利。

They think it's only about budgets, investing, debt, taxes, retirement accounts, or compound interest.

但常常被忽略的，是财务素养中更人性化、更情感化的一面。

But what often gets ignored is the more human emotional side of financial literacy.

因为说到底，你不仅仅是一个数字，你可以了解世界上所有的投资策略。

Because at the end of the day, you're not just a number and you can understand every investing strategy in the world.

但如果你不了解自己财务决策背后的心理，你就没有真正看清完整的财务图景。

But if you don't understand the psychology behind your financial decisions, you're not truly seeing the full financial picture.

有趣的是，我们大多数人都没有被教导过如何与金钱建立健康的关系。

The interesting thing is that most of us were never taught how to build a healthy relationship with money.

也许我们被教导如何赚钱，但没有被教导如何增值；或者被教导如何花钱，但没有被教导如何管理。

Maybe we were taught how to earn it, but not how to grow it or taught how to spend it but not how to manage it.

而且早在拿到第一份工资、开第一个银行账户或付第一笔账单之前，我们就已经在学习关于金钱的课程了，而没有人坐下来正式教过我们。

And long before we ever received our first paycheck, opened our first bank account or paid our first bill, we were already learning lessons about money without anyone ever sitting us down to teach us.

你与金钱的关系，背后有太多背景因素。

So much context goes into your relationship with money.

也许你的父母曾关起门来为钱争吵。

Maybe your parents argued about money behind closed doors.

也许他们根本就没提过钱。

Maybe they never talked about it at all.

也许每次买东西之后都会感到内疚。

Maybe every purchase was followed by guilt.

也许你经常听到“我们买不起那个”。

Maybe you constantly heard, we can't afford that.

或者钱被用来庆祝、道歉，或者表达爱。

Or maybe money was used to celebrate, to apologize, or to show love.

不管我们有没有意识到，那些时刻成了我们最初的理财教育。

Whether we realize it or not, those moments became our first financial education.

早在学会钱怎么运作之前，我们就已经知道钱是什么感觉了。

Long before we learned how money works, we learned what money feels like.

心理学家称之为“金钱脚本”。

Psychologists call these money scripts.

这是我们在童年时期形成的无意识信念，它们悄悄地影响着我们一生中如何存钱、花钱、投资、回避和担忧金钱。

The unconscious beliefs we develop in childhood that quietly shape the way we save, spend, invest, avoid, and worry about money for the rest of our lives.

有趣的是，我们很多人仍然在按照自己从未主动选择的财务规则生活。

What's fascinating is that many of us are still living by financial rules we never consciously chose.

我们只是继承了这些规则。

We simply inherited them.

而直到我们意识到它们的存在，它们会继续替我们做决定。

And until we become aware of them, they'll continue making decisions on our behalf.

所以今天，我不只是想谈谈钱。

So today, I don't just want to talk about money.

我想谈谈钱背后的心理。

I want to talk about the psychology behind it.

我会带你了解我学到的五件事，它们彻底改变了我对赚钱、存钱、花钱和积累财富的看法。

I'm going to walk you through the five things I've learned that have completely changed the way I think about earning, saving, spending, and building wealth.

因为我不认为财务自由始于你赚更多的钱。

Because I don't believe financial freedom begins when you make more money.

我认为它始于你理解自己与金钱之间的情感联系。

I think it begins when you understand your emotional attachments connected to money.

一旦你理解了这种关系，几乎每一个财务决定都会开始变得清晰一些。

And once you understand that relationship, almost every financial decision starts becoming a little bit clearer.

本期《On Purpose》由Ultra Running赞助播出。

This episode of On Purpose is presented by Ultra Running.

我们都受益于多一点空间，我们的脚也一样。

We all benefit from having a little more space, so do our feet.

这就是为什么Ultra Running跑鞋采用超贴合设计，给脚趾更多空间，带来舒适、平衡和力量。

That's why ultra running shoes feature ultra fit design, giving toes more room for comfort, balance, and strength.

它们非常适合跑步、散步或徒步，无论什么速度，什么水平。

They're perfect for running, walking, or hiking, any pace, any level.

从第一步起就感觉舒适。

They feel right from the first step.

访问ultrarunning.com/onpurpose，使用优惠码PURPOSE10享受10%折扣。

Go to ultrarunning.com/onpurpose and use code PURPOSE10 for 10% off.

网址是altrarunning.com/onpurpose。

That's altrarunning.com/onpurpose.

继续加油。

Stay out there.

首先，我想解释第一件事。

Here's the first thing I wanna explain.

你人生中的第一位财务顾问，其实就是你的童年。

Your very first financial advisor ever was simply your childhood.

我希望你回想一下你的童年。

I want you to think back to your childhood for a moment.

不是想到第一份工资或第一张信用卡，而是更早的时候。

Not to your first paycheck or your first credit card, but much earlier than that.

想想你长大的那所房子。

Think about the house you grew up in.

钱听起来是什么样的？

What did money sound like?

钱摸起来是什么样的？

What did it feel like?

钱是大家会公开谈论的事情吗？

Was it something people talked about openly?

还是只有在钱不够的时候才会被提起？

Or was it only mentioned when there wasn't enough of it?

钱是跟可能性联系在一起，还是跟压力联系在一起？

Was money associated with possibility or was it associated with stress?

你最早关于金钱的教育，其实跟数字关系不大。

Your earliest financial education probably had very little to do with numbers.

不是有人给你解释复利，或者教你如何投资。

It wasn't someone explaining compound interest or teaching you how to invest.

而是看到账单寄来时你父母的反应。

It was watching your parents react when the bills arrived.

是听到餐桌旁的那些对话。

It was hearing the conversations that happened around the dinner table.

是注意到花钱带来的是兴奋、内疚、恐惧，还是争吵。

It was noticing whether spending money created excitement, guilt, fear, or arguments.

那些时刻教给你的，远比你自己意识到的要多得多。

Those moments taught you far more than you probably realize.

心理学家布拉德·克朗茨花了多年时间研究这些金钱脚本。

Psychologist Brad Klontz has spent years researching these money scripts.

他发现，我们的金钱脚本建立在早期生活中形成的无意识信念之上，这些信念会持续影响我们成年后的行为。

He's found that our money scripts are built on unconscious beliefs that develop early in life and continue influencing our behavior as adults.

它们变成了在我们脑海中悄悄运行的故事。

They become the stories running quietly in the background of our minds.

比如，钱很难赚，有钱人很贪婪，如果我有钱就会失去它，或者谈论钱是不礼貌的。

Stories like money is hard to make, rich people are greedy, if I have money I'll lose it, or talking about money is rude.

这些信念的难点在于，一旦我们认定它们是真的，就不再质疑了。

The hard thing about these beliefs is that once we accept them as true, we stop questioning them.

我们不会每天早上醒来就刻意想“钱让人压力大”。

We don't wake up every morning and consciously think money is stressful.

相反，每次打开银行应用时，我们只是感到焦虑。

Instead, we simply feel anxious every time we open our banking app.

我们并不是有意识地决定不去投资。

We don't consciously decide to avoid investing.

我们只是一直告诉自己，现在风险太大了。

We just keep telling ourselves it's too risky right now.

这种观念慢慢就变成了行为。

The script slowly becomes the behavior.

这是因为我们的大脑喜欢熟悉的东西。

This happens because our brains love familiarity.

熟悉的模式往往比不熟悉的模式感觉更安全，即使这些模式对我们没有好处。

Familiar patterns often feel safer than unfamiliar ones, even when those patterns aren't serving us.

这就是为什么人们会不断重复那些明知没用的理财习惯的原因之一。

That's one of the reasons people can continue repeating financial habits they know aren't working.

这并不是因为他们懒惰或不负责任，而是因为大脑往往更喜欢熟悉的，而不是有益的。

It isn't because they're lazy or irresponsible, It's because the brain often prefers what's familiar over what's beneficial.

我自己也亲身经历过这个过程。

I personally had to work through that myself.

我从小就觉得有钱人都是自私的，或者天生就是坏人。

I grew up believing that people with money were selfish or somehow inherently bad.

随着我的事业发展和财务自由度的提升，我开始感到不安，因为我给自己设定的身份和那些成功人士的身份产生了冲突。

As my career grew and I started to have more financial freedom, I felt uncomfortable with it because the identity I had for myself began to conflict with the identity I'd attributed to successful people.

每个人都有自己的这种经历。

Everyone has their own version of this.

我有一个朋友，他亲眼看着父母一有钱就花光。

I had a friend who watched his parents spend every dollar as soon as it came in.

当他开始赚更多钱的时候，他很难存下钱来。

As my friend started to make more money, he had an incredibly hard time saving it.

不管工资多少，他总觉得不够，因为他总是让自己处于一种必须不断赚更多钱的状态。

No paycheck ever felt like enough because he was always keeping himself in a position where he perpetually had to be earning more.

存钱对他来说很不自然，因为他从来没有见过这种行为模式。

Saving felt unnatural because he never saw that behavior modeled.

另一方面，也许你从小看着父母坚持存钱、公开谈论财务、做出深思熟虑的决定。

On the other hand, maybe you grew up watching your parents save consistently, talk openly about finances, and make thoughtful decisions.

这并不意味着你自然而然就懂理财了，但它可能给了你一些非常宝贵的东西。

That doesn't mean you automatically became financially literate, but it probably gave you something incredibly valuable.

那就是一种感觉，觉得钱是你能够理解的，而不是需要害怕的。

A sense that money was something you could understand instead of something you had to fear.

不管你的经历是怎样的，我们反复看到的行为，最终会在不知不觉中变成我们习以为常的行为。

No matter what your story was, the behaviours we witnessed repeatedly become the behaviors we unconsciously normalize.

我们犯的最大错误之一，就是以为自己的理财习惯是固定不变的。

One of the biggest mistakes we make is assuming our financial habits are fixed traits.

我们告诉自己，我就是不擅长管钱，或者我从来就不擅长存钱。

We tell ourselves I'm just bad with money or I've never been good at saving.

你们有多少人说过这样的话？

How many of you have said that?

但如果那根本不是你呢？

But what if that's not you at all?

如果那只是你如今可以重新编写的程序呢？

What if it's simply programming you can now rewrite?

所以我觉得最有效的理财练习之一，其实跟表格或者投资账户没什么关系。

That's why I think one of the most powerful financial exercises has nothing to do with spreadsheets or investment accounts.

它简单得多。

It's much simpler.

拿一张纸，写下你从小到大听到的关于钱的三句话。

Take a piece of paper and write down three messages you heard about money growing up.

这些可能来自你的父母、祖父母，也可能来自你成长的文化、传统、社区，甚至是你自己的经历。

They might have come from your parents, your grandparents, maybe it came from the culture you grew up in, the tradition, your community, or even your own experiences.

然后问自己一个问题：我真的还相信这些吗？

Then ask yourself one question: Do I still actually believe this?

还是说，我只是从来没有质疑过？

Or have I simply never challenged it?

你可能会发现，你花了好多年努力积累财富，但心里却一直抱着那些最终会把财富推开的信念。

You might discover that you've spent years trying to build wealth while carrying beliefs that ultimately push wealth away.

你可能会意识到，你一直回避看银行账户，是因为你周围的人都这么做。

You might realize you've been avoiding your bank account because that's what everyone around you did.

或者你可能一直在拼命追钱，因为不知从什么时候起，你学到了你的价值取决于你赚了多少。

Or maybe you've been chasing money so relentlessly because somewhere along the way you learned that your value depended on how much you earned.

意识到问题不会一夜之间解决所有财务问题，但它是所有持久改变的起点。

Awareness doesn't solve every financial problem overnight, but it's where every lasting change begins.

在你学会如何做预算、投资、谈薪资或积累财富之前，你必须先了解那个做这些决定的人。

Before you learn how to budget, invest, negotiate your salary or build wealth, you have to understand the person making those decisions.

因为你做的每一个财务决定，都会经过你已有的信念。

Because every financial decision you make passes through the beliefs you already have.

如果你从不审视这些信念，无论你的收入怎么变，你都会不断得到同样的财务结果。

And if you never examine those beliefs, you'll keep creating the same financial results no matter how much your income changes.

这就引出了我想讲的第二点。

That takes us to the second thing that I want to hit on.

我想探讨一个想法：每一次购买，其实你都在买两样东西。

I want to explore the idea that every purchase is actually buying you two things.

听着，为什么聪明能干的人还是会做出后来让自己后悔的财务决定？

Listen, why do smart capable people still make financial decisions they later regret?

为什么我们会买不需要的东西，忽视储蓄账户，拖延投资，或者一遍又一遍地告诉自己下个月再开始？

Why do we buy things we don't need, ignore our savings accounts, put off investing, or tell ourselves I'll start next month over and over again?

想想你做过多少次这样的事。

Think about how many times you've done that.

答案通常不是我们缺乏信息。

The answer usually isn't we lack information.

更多时候，是因为我们的大脑天生就倾向于优先考虑今天感觉好的事情，而不是明天对我们有利的事情。

More often than not, is that our brains are wired to prioritize what feels good today over what benefits us tomorrow.

行为经济学家花了几十年研究这个问题。

Behavioral economists have spent decades studying this.

其中一个最有力的概念叫做“现时偏见”，也就是我们倾向于更看重眼前的回报，而不是未来的回报。

One of the most powerful concepts is something called present bias, which is our tendency to value immediate rewards more highly than future ones.

未来的你想为退休储蓄，建立应急基金，并持续投资。

Your future self wants to save for retirement, build an emergency fund, and invest consistently.

现在的你看到假期、打折或新东西，就会想，这现在能让我开心。

Your present self sees a vacation, a sale, or a new item and thinks, this will make me happy now.

这两种你都不是不理性，只是各自在优化不同的时间线。

Neither version of you is irrational to simply optimizing for different timelines.

想想这在金钱之外有多常见。

Think about how often this shows up outside of money.

我们知道今天锻炼对几个月后的自己有好处，但当下沙发看起来更有吸引力。

We know exercising today benefits us months from now, but the couch feels more appealing in the moment.

我们知道早点上床睡觉会让明天更好，但今晚再看一集听起来更享受。

We know getting to bed earlier will make tomorrow better, but another episode sounds more enjoyable tonight.

金钱也是一样的道理。

Money works exactly the same way.

挑战不在于智力。

The challenge isn't intelligence.

而是我们的大脑天生就会为了眼前的满足而低估未来的回报。

It's that our brains naturally discount future rewards in favor of immediate gratification.

所以我觉得关于财务成功最大的误解之一，就是认为它是靠意志力建立起来的。

That's why I think one of the biggest myths about financial success is that it's built through willpower.

我们想象中那些理财有方的人，每天醒来都充满自律，轻松抵御一切诱惑。

We picture financially responsible people waking up every day full of discipline, effortlessly resisting every temptation.

但研究结果却并非如此。

But the research tells a different story.

那些总能做出明智财务决策的人，通常并不是靠更强的意志力。

The people who consistently make good financial decisions usually aren't relying on stronger willpower.

他们只是建立了更好的体系，让正确的选择比错误的选择更容易。

They've just built better systems that actually make the right decision easier than the wrong one.

不过，在深入这个话题之前，我想先展开一个观点：每次购买其实都是在买两样东西。

Before we get there though, I wanna expand on the idea that every purchase is actually buying two things.

你买的是物品本身，但同时也买了随之而来的生活或感觉。

You're buying the object itself, but you're also buying the life or the feeling that comes with it.

比如，当你买一个名牌包时，你买的不仅仅是那个包。

For example, when you buy a designer bag, you're not just buying the bag.

你买的是社交资本，以及背着这个包被人看待时所带来的那种预设生活方式。

You're buying the social capital and the assumed lifestyle that comes along with being perceived with the bag.

我觉得很多人都明白，买东西可能会带来一些社会上的好处。

I think a lot of us understand that our purchases come with potential societal benefits.

但这里有个我们容易忽略的点。

But here's the part we forget.

当你买房子的时候，你买的不是房子本身。

When you buy a house, you're not spying a house.

你买的是房产税、维护费、维修费、保险、家具、周末修东西的时间，还有多年持续的责任。

You're buying property taxes, maintenance, repairs, insurance, furniture, weekends spent fixing things, and years of ongoing responsibility.

当你买豪车的时候，你买的不仅仅是车，还有更高的保险费、更贵的维修、更贵的轮胎，以及继续维持那种生活方式的期望。

When you buy a luxury car, you're not just buying the car, you're buying higher insurance premiums, more expensive repairs, more expensive tires, and the expectation that you'll continue maintaining that lifestyle.

这叫做规划谬误。

This is called the planning fallacy.

我们很擅长想象购物带来的兴奋感，但在估算随之而来的持续成本方面却出奇地差。

We're remarkably good at imagining the excitement of a purchase, but surprisingly poor at estimating the ongoing costs that come with it.

我们想到的是度假，而不是信用卡账单。

We picture the vacation, not the credit card bill.

我们想象的是梦想中的厨房，而不是五年后要更换的电器。

We picture the dream kitchen, not replacing the appliances five years later.

这并不意味着你不应该买好东西。

This doesn't mean you should never buy nice things.

这不是重点。

That's not the point.

钱既要管理，也要享受。

Money is meant to be enjoyed as well as managed.

关键是要意识到你实际上在答应什么。

The point is to become conscious of what you're actually saying yes to.

每一次购买都会创造你未来生活的一个版本。

Every purchase creates a future version of your life.

有时候那个未来带来自由，有时候带来义务。

Sometimes that future brings freedom and sometimes it brings obligations.

你对这些义务越有意识，你的财务决策就越好。

The more aware you become of those obligations, the better your financial decisions become.

我觉得在买大件东西之前，你可以问自己一个最简单的问题。

I think one of the simplest questions you can ask before making a major purchase is this.

我是因为拥有这个东西而兴奋吗？

Am I excited about owning this?

还是因为拥有它的这个想法而兴奋？

Or am I excited about the idea of owning this?

这两者不总是一回事。

Those aren't always the same thing.

有时候我们追逐的是一种地位感、归属感或者成就感，而这些跟物品本身关系不大。

Sometimes we're chasing a feeling of status, belonging, or accomplishment that has very little to do with the object itself.

我们以为买了它就能改变对自己的感觉，但实际上往往只是改变了信用卡账单上的数字。

We imagine the purchase will change how we feel about ourselves when in reality it often just changes what's on our credit card statement.

说实话，大多数财务上的错误并不是因为人们不会算账。

The truth is most financial mistakes aren't made because people can't do math.

而是因为我们是人。

They're made because we're human.

我们花钱是出于情感，但解释时却说是理性的。

We spend emotionally and explain it logically.

我们告诉自己，因为我们努力工作，所以值得拥有。

We tell ourselves we deserved it because we worked hard.

我们说服自己这是投资，因为这样说听起来更负责任。

We convince ourselves it's an investment because it sounds more responsible.

我们提醒自己这是打折商品，即使一开始根本不需要。

We remind ourselves it's on sale even if we never needed it in the first place.

购买行为感觉理性，因为我们的情绪先写了剧本，然后逻辑才介入来为它辩护。

The purchase feels rational because our emotions wrote the script before our logic stepped in to justify it.

这就是为什么理财素养不仅仅是学会做预算。

That's why financial literacy isn't just learning how to budget.

它更是学会暂停。

It's learning how to pause.

它是在冲动和决定之间留出足够的空间，让你能问自己：我到底在买什么？

It's creating enough space between the impulse and the decision that you can ask yourself, what am I really buying here?

因为有时候你买的是体验。

Because sometimes you're buying a tour.

有时候你买的是经历。

Sometimes you're buying an experience.

但有时候你买的是认可、身份，或者希望再多买一次就能让你觉得自己终于成功了。

But sometimes you're buying approval, identity, or the hope that one more purchase will finally make you feel like you've made it.

而这些需求，任何物品都无法真正满足。

And those are needs no object can ever fully satisfy.

这就引出了我今天想讲的第三点。

That takes me to the third thing I want to make sure we hit on today.

金钱买不来内心的平静。

Money cannot buy you peace.

但有意思的是，

But here's the twist.

它能买来选择权。

It can buy you options.

听着，你常听到的一句话就是金钱买不到幸福。

Listen, one of the most common phrases you'll hear is money can't buy happiness.

虽然这话有道理，但我认为这不是看待金钱最有用的方式。

And while there's truth in that, I don't actually think it's the most helpful way to think about money.

因为事实上，金钱确实能解决实际问题。

Because the truth is money absolutely can solve real problems.

如果我们忽视这个现实，那就太不明智了。

And we'd be ignorant to avoid that reality.

它能提供安全、稳定、医疗、教育、住房，以及真正提升生活质量的机会。

It can provide safety, stability, healthcare, education, housing, and opportunities that genuinely improve our quality of life.

假装不是这样，那是不现实的。

Pretending otherwise isn't realistic.

但我也觉得，很多人期望金钱去解决那些它本来就不是用来解决的问题。

But I also think many of us expect money to solve problems it was never designed to solve.

本期节目由Wayfair赞助播出。

This episode is brought to you by Wayfair.

家应该是一个让你感到安心的地方，一个真正反映你个性的空间。

Home should be a place that feels like a sanctuary, a space that truly reflects who you are.

但要在风格、预算和无数选择之间找到平衡，确实不容易。

But it can be challenging to balance style, budget, and endless options.

我一直在想办法让家里的空间更和谐，但这并不简单。

I'm always looking for ways to improve the harmony of space at home, but it isn't easy.

我想要那些能让我感到踏实，又能经得起时间考验的家具。

I want pieces that can ground me and still hold up to the test of time.

我去Wayfair逛了逛，找到了一款漂亮的实木床头柜和边柜，我非常喜欢。

I went on Wayfair and found a stunning solid wood nightstand and credenza I love.

现在我的卧室成了完美的放松之地。

Now my bedroom is the perfect place to wind down.

这两件家具都非常结实，让人安心，完全改变了整个空间的氛围。

Both pieces are incredibly sturdy, grounding, and completely transformed the energy of my space.

而且，你可以通过Wayfair Verified购物，那里的产品专家会仔细审查每件商品的质量和功能，让你购物更放心。

Plus, you can shop with Wayfair Verified, where product specialists carefully vet items for quality and functionality, so you can shop with more confidence.

如果你觉得把这些都搞定很麻烦，Wayfair可以帮你处理送货、安装和组装。

And if putting it all together sounds like a headache, Wayfair can handle delivery, installation, and assembly.

今天就加入Wayfair Rewards，每次购物都能获得5%的返现，为你的下一次家居升级省点钱。

Join Wayfair Rewards today to get 5% back on every purchase and start saving on your next home upgrade.

去wayfair.com逛逛，所有家居用品应有尽有。

Head to wayfair.com to shop all things home.

网址是wayfair.com。

That's wayfair.com.

Wayfair。

Wayfair.

各种风格。

Every style.

各种家居。

Every home.

我见过一些没什么钱的人，晚上却睡得很安稳。

I've met people with very little money who sleep peacefully at night.

而我也见过一些人，他们的钱多到几辈子都花不完，却总是焦虑不安。

And I've met people with more money than they could ever spend in several lifetimes who are constantly anxious.

他们担心失去这些钱。

They worry about losing it.

他们担心投资失误。

They worry about making the wrong investment.

他们担心钱不够用，即使所有客观指标都表明他们其实已经足够了。

They worry about whether they have enough even when every objective measure says they do.

钱的数目变了，但他们和钱的关系却从未改变。

The amount of money changed, but the relationship with money never did.

心理学家称之为“享乐适应”。

Psychologists call this hedonic adaptation.

人类非常擅长适应生活的改善。

Human beings are incredibly good at adapting to improvement.

曾经让你觉得改变人生的加薪，最终也会变得习以为常。

The raise that once felt life changing becomes normal.

新公寓最终也就变成了家。

The new apartment eventually just becomes home.

梦想中的薪水变成了你的基准线。

The dream salary becomes your baseline.

我们自然会适应环境，这意味着如果我们只靠钱来获得持久的平静，往往会发现自己在追逐一个不断移动的终点线。

We naturally adjust to our circumstances, which means that if we're relying on money alone to create lasting peace, we'll often find ourselves chasing a finish line that keeps moving.

这就是为什么我觉得人们常常在追逐错误的东西。

That's why I think people are often chasing the wrong thing.

我们告诉自己我们在追钱，但实际上我们追的是我们认为钱能带来的东西。

We tell ourselves we're chasing money, but what we're really chasing is what we believe money will give us.

我们以为自己在追求更高的薪水，但实际上我们想要的是安全感。

We think we're pursuing a bigger paycheck when what we actually want is to feel secure.

我们以为想要更多的东西，但实际上我们想要的是自由。

We think we want more possessions when what we really want is freedom.

我们以为想要奢侈品，但实际上我们常常在寻找的是自我价值。

We think we want luxury when what we often are searching for is self worth.

钱真正能给你的是选择。

What money does give you is options.

它能让你离开一份损害心理健康的工作。

It gives you the option to leave a job that's hurting your mental health.

它能让你在爱的人需要你的时候请假。

It gives you the option to take time off when someone you love needs you.

它能让你搬得离家人更近，创业，照顾父母，或者应对突发紧急情况而不至于生活崩溃。

It gives you the option to move closer to family, start a business, care for your parents, or weather an unexpected emergency without your entire life falling apart.

这些选择极其宝贵，因为它们能创造出钱本身无法创造的东西。

Those options are incredibly valuable because they create something that money itself can't create.

那就是拥有选择的能力。

The ability to have a choice.

我觉得这是收入和财富之间最大的区别之一。

I think that's one of the biggest differences between income and wealth.

想象两个人。

Imagine two people.

一个人年收入三十万美元，但他的生活方式太昂贵，以至于错过两张工资单就会引发危机。

One earns $300,000 a year, but has built a lifestyle so expensive that missing two paychecks would create a crisis.

另一个人年收入八万美元，生活开支低于收入，有应急基金，并且长期坚持投资。

Another earns $80,000 a year, lives below their means, has an emergency fund, and has consistently invested over time.

从账面上看，第一个人赚得更多，但谁实际上拥有更多的自由呢？

On paper, the first person earns more, but which person actually has more freedom?

我最喜欢思考财富的方式之一，就是问一个完全不同的问题。

One of my favorite ways to think about wealth is to ask a different question altogether.

不要问“我有多少钱？”

Instead of asking how much money do I have?

而是问自己：“我的财务决策为我买来了多少时间？”

Ask yourself, how much time have my financial decisions bought me?

如果你的收入明天停止，你的储蓄能提供多少个月的自由？

If your income stopped tomorrow, how many months of freedom would your savings provide?

一个星期？

One week?

六个月，两年？

Six months, two years?

突然间，财富不再关乎比较，而是关乎逻辑。

Suddenly wealth stops being about comparison and starts becoming about logic.

这就是为什么生活方式通胀可能具有欺骗性。

This is why lifestyle inflation can be deceptive.

随着收入增长，支出也随之增长是很自然的。

As our income grows, it's natural for our spending to grow with it.

我们搬进更大的房子，升级汽车，去更贵的度假，慢慢适应更高的生活水准。

We move into a bigger home, upgrade the car, take more expensive vacations, and slowly adjust to a higher standard of living.

这些事情本身并没有错。

None of those things are inherently wrong.

但如果每一次加薪都被更昂贵的生活方式立刻消耗掉，我们的自由感实际上从未增长。

But if every raise is immediately absorbed by a more expensive lifestyle, our sense of freedom never actually grows.

薪水变多了，但随之而来的义务也变多了。

Our paycheck gets bigger, but so do the obligations attached to it.

我觉得理财知识的目标不只是帮你攒更多的钱。

I don't think the goal of financial literacy is simply to help you accumulate more money.

我觉得是帮你创造更多的选择，因为房间里最富有的人不一定收入最高。

I think it's to help you create more options, because the wealthiest person in the room isn't always the one with the highest income.

有时候，是那个最有选择能力的人。

Sometimes it's the person with the greatest ability to choose.

当有意义的事情出现时，有能力说“是”。

The ability to say yes when something meaningful comes along.

当事情不符合自己的价值观时，有能力说“不”。

The ability to say no when something doesn't align with their values.

能够基于目标做决定，而不是出于恐慌。

The ability to make decisions from purpose instead of panic.

归根结底，钱只是一个工具。

At the end of the day, money is a tool.

就像任何工具一样，它的价值在于你怎么用它。

Like any tool, its value comes from how you use it.

锤子能建房子，也能砸窗户。

A hammer can build a home or break a window.

钱能带来自由，也能带来压力。

Money can create freedom or create pressure.

它可以成为你不断追逐的东西，也可以成为支撑你努力构建的生活的力量。

It can become something you constantly chase or something that supports the life you're trying to build.

问题不在于钱是好是坏。

The question isn't whether money is good or bad.

问题在于，你是否让它承担了它本不该承担的角色。

The question is whether you're asking it to do a job it was never meant to do.

现在，我想讲第四点。

Now for the fourth point I want to hit on.

我需要我们回到我之前提到的一个话题。

I need us to circle back to something I mentioned earlier.

最富有的人不靠意志力，他们靠的是系统。

The wealthiest person doesn't rely on willpower, they rely on systems.

如果你曾经对自己说，我就是不擅长理财。

If you've ever told yourself, I'm just bad with money.

我想挑战这个想法，因为我觉得大多数人财务上挣扎不是因为缺乏智慧。

I want to challenge that belief because I don't think most people struggle financially because they lack intelligence.

我觉得他们挣扎是因为他们依赖动力去做本该由系统完成的事情。

I think they struggle because they're relying on motivation to do a job that belongs to systems.

动力在的时候很好，但它也捉摸不定。

Motivation is wonderful when it's there, but it's also unpredictable.

有些月份你兴奋地想要存钱。

Some months you feel excited to save.

其他月份生活变得忙碌，意外开支出现，你最好的打算就悄悄消失了。

Other months life gets busy, unexpected expenses show up, and your best intentions quietly disappear.

行为科学家发现了关于人类行为的一些有趣现象。

Behavioral scientists have found something interesting about human behavior.

我们喜欢想象自己整天都在做深思熟虑、理性的决定。

We like to imagine we're making deliberate, rational decisions all day long.

但现实是，我们的大部分行为都是自动运行的。

But the reality is that much of our behavior runs on autopilot.

我们养成了习惯、常规和默认做法，这些几乎不需要有意识的思考。

We develop routines, habits and defaults that require very little conscious thought.

当这些习惯对我们有帮助时，它们非常有用；但当它们没有帮助时，代价就非常高昂。

That's incredibly useful when those habits are helping us, but incredibly expensive when they aren't.

财务上成功的人并不是每个月都做出成百上千个完美决定。

Financially successful people aren't making hundreds of perfect decisions every month.

更多时候，他们只是建立了一种生活方式，让正确的决定自动发生。

More often they've simply built lives where the right decision happens automatically.

想想刷牙这件事。

Think about brushing your teeth.

你可能不会每天早上醒来，内心纠结要不要刷牙。

You probably don't wake up every morning and have an internal debate about whether it's worth doing.

你已经重复了太多次，以至于几乎不需要消耗任何脑力。

You've repeated it so many times that it requires almost no mental energy.

想象一下，如果存钱也能这样自动发生。

Imagine if saving money worked the same way.

与其每个月都要纠结要不要把钱转到储蓄账户，不如在发工资那天自动转过去，怎么样？

Instead of deciding every month whether you will transfer money into savings, what if it happened automatically the day you got paid?

这样一来，你就不用每天跟自己讨价还价了，因为决定已经做好了。

Suddenly you remove the daily negotiation with yourself because the decision has already been made.

这就是为什么自动储蓄这么有效的原因之一。

This is one of the reasons automatic savings are so powerful.

它是顺着你的心理来，而不是跟它对着干。

They work with your psychology instead of against it.

我们做的每一个决定都会带来一点决策疲劳。

Every decision we make creates a little bit of decision fatigue.

到了晚上，我们做出明智选择的能力比早上要低。

By the end of the day, our ability to make thoughtful choices is lower than it was in the morning.

如果你的财务未来取决于每个月做几十个自律的决定，那你就是在跟自己的大脑打一场持久战。

If your financial future depends on making dozens of disciplined decisions every month, you're putting yourself in a constant battle against your brain.

系统能消除这种对抗。

Systems remove that battle.

行为经济学里我最喜欢的一个概念叫做选择架构。

One of my favorite ideas in behavioral economics is something called choice architecture.

它的意思是，我们选择的设计方式会影响我们做出的决定。

It's the idea that the way our choices are designed influences the decision we make.

杂货店不会无意中把糖果放在收银台旁边。

Grocery stores don't accidentally put candy by the checkout.

流媒体服务不会无意中自动播放下一集。

Streaming services don't accidentally auto play the next episode.

我们的环境一直在潜移默化地影响我们的行为。

Our environments are constantly nudging our behavior.

问题在于，你是否刻意设计了自己的财务环境，来引导自己走向真正想要的生活。

The question is whether you've intentionally designed your financial environment to nudge yourself toward the life you actually want.

也许这意味着创建一个更难访问的独立储蓄账户，这样你就不太容易冲动消费。

Maybe that means creating a separate savings account that's harder to access so you're less tempted to spend it impulsively.

也许这意味着，如果你知道深夜刷手机通常会导致不必要的购物，那就把购物应用从手机上删掉。

Maybe it means deleting shopping apps from your phone if you know late night scrolling usually ends with unnecessary purchases.

也许这意味着设定一个规则：任何超过一定金额的购买，都要等上二十四小时再买。

Maybe it means setting a rule that any purchase over a certain amount waits twenty four hours before you buy it.

这个暂停让你的情绪大脑有时间冷静下来，也让你的理性大脑有机会跟上。

That pause gives your emotional brain time to settle and allows your rational brain to catch up.

系统之所以如此重要，还有另一个原因。

There's another reason systems matter so much.

每当你成功坚持其中一个系统，你就在强化一个新的身份。

Every time you successfully follow through on one of them, you're reinforcing a new identity.

你不再是一个试图在金钱上做得更好的人。

You're no longer someone who's trying to get better with money.

你正在变成一个持续做出明智财务决策的人。

You're becoming someone who consistently makes thoughtful financial decisions.

身份认同的力量非常强大，因为一旦你开始以不同的方式看待自己，你的行为自然会开始与那个新故事保持一致。

Identity is incredibly powerful because once you begin seeing yourself differently, your behavior naturally starts aligning with that new story.

我还觉得，好的财务系统不一定要很复杂。

I also think it's important to remember that good financial systems don't have to be complicated.

有时候我们会以为，有钱人靠的是复杂的投资策略或者繁琐的电子表格。

Sometimes we assume wealth requires sophisticated investing strategies or complicated spreadsheets.

但实际上，一些最有效的习惯往往简单得让人意外。

But in reality, some of the most impactful habits are surprisingly ordinary.

就是那些我们常常忽略的常识性理财习惯。

Common sense money habits that we often ignore.

花的比赚的少。

Spending less than you earn.

坚持储蓄。

Saving consistently.

定期投资。

Investing regularly.

先付给自己。

Paying yourself first.

每个月都检查一下自己的财务状况，而不是逃避它们。

Reviewing your finances every month instead of avoiding them.

这些习惯听起来都不怎么激动人心，但正因为如此，它们才有效。

None of those habits are exciting, but that's exactly why they work.

所以，这周别问自己“我怎么才能更有动力？”

So instead of asking yourself this week, how can I be more motivated?

而是问自己：“什么样的系统能让我的未来更轻松？”

Ask yourself this, what system could make my future easier?

因为动力会消退，而系统会一直存在。

Because motivation fades, systems remain.

随着时间的推移，这些小小的系统会逐渐成为你现在的财务生活和未来想要的财务生活之间的桥梁。

And over time, those small systems start to become the bridge between the financial life you have today and the financial life you want tomorrow.

今天的七天挑战由亚马逊健康赞助。

Today's seven day challenge is brought to you by Amazon Health.

别再每次需要医疗服务时都要填37张表格了。

Forget filling out 37 forms every time you need healthcare.