城市交通的双刃剑

讨论让世界持续运转。

Discussion keeps the world turning.

这是圆桌论坛。

This is Roundtable.

在中国的乡间小路上，一种廉价电动汽车的热潮正在兴起，填补了农村交通的关键空白。

On China's back roads, a cheap electric vehicle craze is booming, filling a critical gap in rural transportation.

但这些所谓的老年人的欢乐，究竟是解决出行问题的简单方案，还是正因缺乏监管和日益增长的安全担忧而失控的危险隐患？

But are these so called old man's joys a simple solution for mobility or a dangerous dilemma racing out of control as they flood streets with little regulation and mounting safety fears.

我们正在北京现场直播。

We're live from Beijing.

这是圆桌论坛。

This is Roundtable.

我是史蒂夫。

I'm Steve.

感谢您今天与我们同在。

Thanks for being with us today.

在节目中，我与玉顺和玉山一起。

And for the show, I'm with Yushun and Yushan.

首先，想象一条中国乡村道路，一辆迷你玛莎拉蒂以大约每小时70公里的速度缓缓行驶。

First up, picture a rural Chinese road where a mini Maserati putters along at about 70 kilometers per hour.

不。

No.

这并不是一辆豪华车，而是一种叫做‘老头乐’的低速车辆，直译为‘老人的快乐’，价格低廉。

It's not a luxury car, but a Laotou le, directly translated as old man's joy, a low speed vehicle that doesn't cost much.

最初是为老年人提供的代步工具，如今却成为一种灰色市场现象，引发广泛争议。

Originally, a mobility aid for the elderly, it's now a gray market phenomenon sparking debates.

对经济型交通工具的需求与日益加剧的安全危机之间的冲突。

Demand for affordable transport versus a growing safety crisis.

这是一个关于控制快速增长的车辆类别所面临挑战的故事。

This is a story of the challenges of controlling a rapidly growing vehicle category.

那么，这些车辆如何在满足农村出行需求与公共安全风险之间取得平衡？在将非正式交通正规化的过程中，又会遇到哪些监管难题？

So how can these vehicles balance rural mobility with public safety risks, and what regulatory hurdles arise in formalizing informal transport?

这是一个非常有趣的故事，因为这些车辆最初——从名字来看——是为老年人设计的，叫‘老头乐’。

It's a really interesting story because these vehicles are for originally, I guess, the name suggests, old man's joy for the elderly.

但我想我们会发现，现在年轻人也开始购买这些车辆，这听起来像是一个非常可爱的故事，确实如此，直到它不再可爱，我们会谈到这一切。

But I think we're going to learn that now young people are getting involved with the purchases of these vehicles, which makes it sound like a very, very cute story, and it is until it isn't, and we'll get to all of that.

但让我们先从定义开始，什么是‘老头乐’。

But let's start with the definition, Lao Tou Le.

是的。

Yeah.

想象一下，这是一种袖珍型的低速电动车，通常是三轮或四轮的电动车型，带有封闭式车厢。

Think of it as a pin sized, low speed electric vehicle, and they're typically electric three or four wheeled vehicles with a cabin.

它们最早出现在上世纪九十年代，当时农民开始改装一些三轮摩托，加装顶棚和额外座位，用于短途出行。

And they first appeared back in the nineteen nineties when farmers started modifying some of these tuk tuks, three wheel tuk tuks with canopies and extra seats for short distance trips.

这意味着它们最初只在封闭道路或封闭环境中使用。

And this means they were originally used on these closed roads or in enclosed environments.

嗯。

Mhmm.

而今天，它们已经演变成了一些五门车型，最多可容纳六人，包括儿童。

And today, they've evolved into some of these five door vehicles that can squeeze in up to six people, including children.

是的。

Yeah.

所以我在想，如果你去过泰国，嗯。

So I'm thinking if you've been to Thailand before Mhmm.

玉欣，我知道你去过。

Yushin, I know you have.

他们在那儿有三轮车。

They have their tuk tuks there.

通常是三个轮子，司机在前面，后面是长凳式座位。

Three wheels typically with the driver in the front and then bench seating in the back.

那里可以挤下两到三个人。

You can squeeze maybe two or three people in there.

在天津

In Tianjin

还有老头车的基本形式。

also the basic form of Laotou.

哦，这个也是。

Oh, this one too.

是的。

Yeah.

在天津，北京的邻近城市，我不知道是不是市中心，但那个旅游区沿着河延伸大约八到十公里，位于城市中部。

In Tianjin, a neighboring city to Beijing for the, I don't know if it's the downtown area, but kind of the touristy area which spans about, I don't know, eight kilometers, 10 kilometers along the river in the middle of the city.

这些被广泛使用，有点像出租车。

These are used quite commonly, kind of like taxis.

对。

Yes.

而且这是游览城市的一种绝佳方式，因为你可以在车流中灵活穿行，避开拥堵，还能更好地欣赏城市风光。

And it's a really great way to actually get around because you can kinda scoot in and out of traffic and avoid that, and you get a better view of the city as well.

所以，这些可以说是当地一种更便捷出行方式的文化组成部分吧。

So these are kind of, can we agree, kind of a part of the culture of getting around in a more convenient way.

是的。

Yeah.

有点像交通或道路文化。

Kind of the traffic or on the road culture.

因为对于许多老年人，尤其是在农村地区，但现在在大城市也是如此，这种车辆是一种主要的交通工具。

Because for many elder residents in especially in rural areas, but nowadays in major cities too, this type of vehicle, it serves as a primary mode of transport.

特别是老年人用它来接孙子孙女放学，例如。

It's especially for these elders to pick up their grandchildren after school, for example.

这也正是这种车辆被称为‘老老乐’的原因，因为最初主要是老年人更常使用它。

And this is also why these vehicles are called laotolu, the old old man's joy in the first place because primarily speaking, the elders use it more often.

但近年来，年轻人也越来越多地使用，包括农村的母亲们，她们看重这种封闭空间，让孩子在上学途中、放学回家路上，或只是在雨天等恶劣天气下，能有个地方吃点东西、休息一下。

And but in recent years, they have grown popular among younger users too, including rural mothers who value the enclosed space for children to maybe just eat and rest a bit inside on their way to school or after they get out get out of school on their way home or for just protection from weather like rainy days.

所以传统上，我们迄今为止描述的这些是三轮车，前面有点像摩托车，后面有长椅座位。

So traditionally, and the ones that we've described so far are like these three wheeled vehicles sometimes functioning like a motorcycle, I think, in the front, but with bench seating in the back.

想象一下高尔夫球车，是的。

Think golf cart Yeah.

还有这种车辆的样式。

Style of vehicle as well.

但现在的设计变得越来越花哨了。

But now the designs have become quite a bit fancier.

是的。

Yeah.

它们进行了一些非常豪华的升级，一些四轮班车基本上被设计成像保时捷、玛莎拉蒂、揽胜等豪华汽车的微型版本，以吸引更多买家，但价格只有它们的一小部分。

They've gone some really fancy upgrades, and some of these four wheeled shuttles are essentially designed to look like mini versions of a lot of these luxury cars, like Porsche, Maseratis, Range Rovers to make them more appealing to buyers, but at a fraction of the cost.

价格真的是极低。

An absolute fraction of the cost.

对。

Yeah.

比如，你可能会看到一辆车，外形完全像一辆四米长的奔驰G级 wagon 的微型版，嗯。

One example is that you might see a vehicle that looks exactly like a tiny version of that four meter long Mercedes Benz g Wagon Mhmm.

停在乡村村庄里，但它实际上是一辆电动老摩托，车主只花了大约三万元。

Parked in a rural village, but it's actually an electric Laotola that cost the owner only about 30,000 yuan.

这大约是4300美元。

That's around $4,300.

是的。

Yeah.

从外面看，确实如此。

On the outside, sure.

如果你只是匆匆瞥一眼照片，可能会以为自己在看一辆奔驰G级、保时捷或揽胜，但再仔细看看，尤其是当你站在它旁边时，就会发现它小得多。

If you just kind of look at a glancing photo, you'd think you were looking at a Mercedes g Wagon or a Porsche or a Range Rover, but look more closely, and particularly if you're standing next to one, quite a bit smaller.

嗯。

Mhmm.

有次几年前，我在加油站排队加油时，遇到过一件事。

There was one time, that's a few years ago when I was in the gas station and I was waiting in line to get my my tank filled.

在我前面停着一辆迷你儿童版吉普车。

And right in front of me, there was one mini children sized Jeep Ah.

就在我前面，也在排队。

Right in front of me waiting in the line too.

当然，他加满油所花的时间比我们短得多。

And, of course, it took him not as long as we do to get the gas filled.

油箱更小。

Smaller gas tank.

油箱更小，但没错，那是我第一次看到非电动的，这意味着市面上还有很多使用汽油的车型。

Smaller gas tank, but, yeah, that was the first time I saw one that's not not electronic, which means that there are a lot of those out there that's that use gas too.

所以，是的，有些是电动的，有些是汽油的，一些由老一辈使用，而如今也有一些被年轻一代购买。

So, yeah, some are electric, some are gas, some are being used by the older generation, and some now are being purchased by the younger generation.

长期以来，这些车辆并未被明确归类为机动车或非机动车，这意味着它们常常缺乏你认为汽车应有的许多东西，比如正式注册、车牌或保险，甚至驾驶员也不需要持有驾照。

Now for a long time, these vehicles were not strictly classified as motor vehicles or non motor vehicles, and that means that they often lacked a a number of things that you would think a car would need, like official registration or license plates or insurance, even the driver themselves not required to have a driver's license.

对吧？

Correct?

是的。

Yeah.

对。

Yeah.

这些车辆的销售商经常将它们宣传为无需牌照或不需要车牌，以此吸引那些不想麻烦去考驾照或办理普通汽车所需各种手续的人。

And then the sellers of these vehicles, they frequently market them as license free or no plate needed, and they do that to attract people who don't wanna go through the hassle of getting a driver's license or all the the normal things that you would get when when getting a a a normal car.

嗯。

Mhmm.

但实际上，如果你上路行驶，还是需要某种执照和车牌的。

Even though, actually, if you're going on the road, you do need some license and plates needed.

所以，基本上，当你在公路上看到一辆老摩托时，那是一种违法行为。

So basically, whenever you see a Laotola on the open road, that is a kind of a illegal behavior.

是的。

Yeah.

但这些车，我的意思是，它们比普通车辆小得多，规格也完全不一样。

But these cars, I mean, they are much smaller, and the specs the specs are totally different from a normal vehicle too.

嗯。

Mhmm.

对。

Yeah.

因为在路上，我完全建议汽车不要跟在它们后面，首先这一点很重要。

Because, well, on the road, I would totally suggest that cars, do do not follow one, first of all.

但也要小心它们转弯的地方，因为很多开Laotola的司机可能根本没有接受过系统的道路规则培训。

But, yeah, just be careful where they're turning because a lot of these drivers who who are driving LaTola probably don't really hasn't really been trained to you know, with all the road rules in their minds.

那些

Those

这些是一些投诉

are some those are some of the complaints

嗯。

Mhmm.

以及人们的担忧。

And fears from people.

而且，与标准乘用车不同，Laotola通常配备低至中等功率的电动马达，最高时速可达六七十公里每小时。

And also, unlike standard passenger cars, right, Laotulas are equipped with low to mid powered electric motors and can typically reach even top speeds of around six 70 kilometers per hour.

它们通常由薄金属板制成，缺乏普通汽车所具备的强化钢架或安全气囊。

They are often built with thin metal sheets and lack the reinforced steel frames or airbags found in normal cars.

这也是这些车辆在安全标准方面存在的另一个问题，我们稍后会谈到。

Which is one of the other issues with these vehicles about safety standards, which we'll get to in a little while.

但这类汽车的市场现在正蓬勃发展。

But the market for these kind of cars is absolutely booming right now.

是的。

Yeah.

人们正在大量购买这些车辆。

People have been buying them in massive numbers.

以下是来自中国电动汽车协会的一份报告，显示这类四轮小车的年销量从2017年的约110万辆飙升至2023年的约210万辆。

Here's a report from the China, Electric Vehicle Association, which suggests that annual sales of these four wheeled shuttles shot up from about 1,100,000 units in 2017 to roughly two two point one million in 2023.

为了让你了解这种增长在多大程度上是由老年人的需求推动的，近140万辆的年销量是专门面向老年用户的车型。

To give you an idea of how much that is driven by the Omen's Joy, the niche nearly 1,400,000 of those annual sales are for models specifically marketed to elder users.

但我们称它为LaTouleau，或者说是专门针对老年人的，但实际上也有很多年轻人非常喜欢，今天早上我在社交媒体上浏览时，就看到一些非常有趣的评论，年轻买家说：‘这车真可爱。’

But we call it LaTouleau or that it's specifically for there are those who are specifically for elder users, but there are young people who are really into it too because there are just this morning, I was roaming on social media and I found some very interesting comments saying of young buyers owners of these vehicles saying that, oh, it's so cute.

我喜欢属于我自己的小小空间。

I like my little space just for myself.

我们经常会分享这些视频，记得吗，裕信，有很多年轻人，尤其是女孩

And we we kind of share the videos, remember, Yushin, that there are a lot of young people, particularly girls

嗯。

Mhmm.

喜欢装饰自己的小车，比如车内的地毯

Who like to decorate their own little vehicle, the interior Carpet

和迷宫。

and maze.

设计。

Designs.

是的。

Yeah.

还会加毯子让车内更舒适。

And and also blanket to make it comfortable.

看起来像一个拉托的客厅。

Looks like a Laotto living room.

是的。

Yeah.

属于他们自己的户外起居室。

An outdoor living room of their own.

是的。

Yeah.

他们还评论说，下班后喜欢在这里度过时光。

And they're also commenting, I like spending time in here after work.

放点音乐。

Play some music.

只需折叠起来，躺在驾驶座上休息一下。

Fow just fold and lay down on the driver's seat and just rest here.

我不需要回应或与任何人竞争。

There's no need for me to response to or compete with anyone.

我感到平静。

I feel peaceful.

但与此同时，不能忽视的是，这些年轻人也提到了一些负面的驾驶体验。

But in the meantime, it's it cannot be overlooked that there are also comments on the negative driving experiences these young people discovered.

例如，刹车反应不够灵敏。

For example, the brake isn't very responsive.

即使拉上手刹，车辆仍能移动，且减震效果较差，在颠簸路面上会让人上下颠簸。

It can still move even with the hand brake pulled up, and the shock absorption absorption is relatively poor, meaning that it can shake you up and down on a bumpy road.

嗯。

Mhmm.

这已经构成危险了。

So that's something dangerous already.

是的。

Yeah.

听起来是非常敏锐的观察。

Sounds like a very keen observation.

对。

Yeah.

刹车有点作用。

The brake kind of works.

是的。

Yeah.

你可不希望用这样的描述来形容一辆车的刹车。

That's not the description you want for a brake in a vehicle.

但他们没有抱怨的，绝对是价格。

But what they are not complaining is definitely the price.

配备了一款非常舒适的Lautoluo，许多年轻买家表示他们购买的价格在13,000到15,000元之间。

With one very cozy Lautoluo, now many of the the young buyers say they get it within a range of 13 to 15,000 yuan.

而且，对中国人来说，这款车最大的吸引力之一就是成本低廉，这使得它在这里拥有如此庞大的市场。

And also, one of the biggest draw is the low cost, right, for these for people to want to buy it for it to have such a big market here in China.

是的。

Yeah.

我的意思是，这些车更贵的版本大约在20,000到30,000元之间，但便宜的版本，基础型号可能只要2,000元甚至更少。

I mean, these can go down to the the more expensive versions would be about 20 to 30,000 yuan, but the cheaper versions, the basic models can be at around, I don't know, 2,000 yuan or less.

大约是250到300美元。

That's about 250, $300.

所以，显然这对人们来说是一项非常小的投资。

So, obviously, it's a very small investment for for people.

而且如果你想想，这些车还带有一种微型奢华的审美价值，因为制造商在品牌设计上非常有创意。

And if you think about it, the mini luxury aesthetic value is there too because manufacturers have gotten very creative with their branding.

它们并不属于严格监管的汽车，而是会模仿那些著名豪华品牌的设计。

They aren't strictly regulated cars, and they will copy the designs of these famous luxury brands.

你会看到它们被宣传为类似低配版玛莎拉蒂、无需牌照的保时捷卡宴、五门G级越野车之类的车型，诸如此类。

And you'll see them marketed as, like, low energy Maseratis or license free Porsche Cayenne or five door g wagon off roader or something like Yeah.

所以人们把它当作玩具来对待，但其中一个问题是，它们并没有被当作玩具，或用于乡间小路、偏僻地带的工具来销售和推广。

So people kind of treat it like a toy, but one of the problems is is that they're not really being sold and marketed like a toy or something that you use, you know, in back roads somewhere off the beaten path.

然后这些车辆本身变得有点太……

And then the call the cars themselves, the vehicles are getting a little bit too.

没错。

Exactly.

因为玉山刚才提到，一些年轻人会装饰这些车，嗯。

Because Yushan just said that some of the example of young people are decorating them Mhmm.

这意味着车内的空间变得越来越大。

Which means that the the the space in there is getting bigger and bigger.

因为如果你看看这些老托罗的基础版，你甚至都无法在车里转身。

Because if you are looking at the basic version of these Laotolo, you cannot even, like, turn around in that vehicle.

所以，虽然它们过去更小、更轻巧，但市场已经转向了我们现在看到的更大车型。

So while they used to be more, like, small and flimsy, the market has shifted toward much larger vehicles that we can see.

如今许多热门车型长度超过四米，配备7000瓦的电机，最高时速可达70公里每小时。

Many popular models now reach over four meters in length and feature 7,000 watt motors and hit speeds of 70 kilometers per hour.

有些车型甚至大到能塞进六名乘客，包括儿童，尽管它们原本只设计为容纳四人。

Some are even large enough to squeeze in six passengers, including children, as I mentioned, despite only being just designed for four.

是的。

Yeah.

而且前几天你告诉我，玉山，有些人在居民区或公寓楼里，只为了占停车位才买一辆老托罗，你当时是怎么说的？

And now you you told me maybe a couple of days ago, Yushan, that some people in residential neighborhoods or within apartment complexes, what was it that you told me that some people will have a laotolu only to use it to reserve their parking space?

是的。

Yeah.

这是一种非常聪明，但也有点令人羞愧的占用车位方式。

That's some a very smart, but also kind of shameful way of reserving your own

是的。

Yeah.

在停车位有限且并未明确分配给每户家庭的住宅区内，一些居民会使用这种小型车辆来占位。

Parking space inside a residential area where the parking space is limited and is not really reserved for each and every household.

因此，一些居民会拥有一辆这样的小型车辆。

So some of the residents, they will have one of these smaller vehicles.

在白天不使用时，他们会把自己的车开走，改把老托车停在那里。

And when they are not using it in in daytime, they move their own parked car out of that space and move their lotto load instead to

这样就没人……

Then nobody

占着那个位置，声称那是自己的。

stand that ground and claim it to be, you know, yours in some way.

然后你就去上班了。

And then you go to work.

下班后，你开车回来，把你的货运车移走，把车停在任何聪明的地方。

And after work, you come back with your car and then move away your lotto load to park it just wherever smart

地方。

places.

是的。

Yeah.

聪明的角落。

Smart corners.

因为这种车足够小，不会占太多空间，但又大到足以占满一个停车位，这让一些居民感到困扰。

Because it's small enough that it doesn't take up that much space, but they are getting large enough that they can fill up a parking space, and this is annoying some people in residential spots.

但这些并不是人们唯一的抱怨。

But those aren't the only complaints that that people have.

还有更多问题，我们现在就来谈谈吧。

There are more, and there are also let's talk about it now.

我几分钟前提到过，我们会谈到安全风险。

I mentioned a few minutes ago, we'd get to the safety risks.

最大的问题是，这些车辆并未按照真正的汽车安全标准制造，大多数洛托拉车型采用薄金属外壳，完全缺乏一些基本安全功能，比如安全气囊、钢制车架和防撞梁。

The biggest issue is that these vehicles aren't built to same safety standards as real cars, and most Lotolas are made with thin metal sheaths and completely lack some of these basic safety features like airbags, steel frames, and also anti collision beams.

这意味着即使是轻微的刮擦也可能演变成危及生命的灾难。

And this means that even a minor fender bender can turn into a life threatening disaster.

他们做了一次碰撞测试，结果并不理想。

They did a crash test that didn't go so well.

是的。

Yeah.

在中国消费者协会进行的一次碰撞测试中，三种不同型号的车辆以仅32公里/小时的速度撞向墙壁，这个速度比大多数人驾驶时还要慢。

In a crash test conducted by the China Consumers Association, three different models were slammed into a wall at just 32 kilometers per hour, which is slower than most people drive them.

结果表明，测试假人存在较高的颅骨、肋骨和腿部骨折风险。

And the result is that the test dummies showed a high risk of skull, rib, and leg fractures.

你知道，我认为最危险的部分是，32公里/小时的速度大约是你刚启动汽车、刚起步，或者已经察觉到潜在危险并试图全力踩刹车时的速度。

You know, the most dangerous part that I see in this is that 32 kilometers per hour is about the speed when you're about to start or or when you just started the car for a short while or when you're you you've already seen the potential danger and it's trying to hit the brake hard enough for it to stop.

还没达到那个程度。

It's not yet there.

你是说那个勉强能用的刹车？

The brake that kinda works, you mean?

不是。

No.

我的意思是，对于普通汽车来说，当我们看到路上有Lotola时，试图避让并猛踩刹车，那时的速度大概在几秒钟内从80降到32，但即便如此还是不够。

I mean I mean, for normal cars, when we see a lotto load on the on the street and we try to avoid hitting them and hit the brake really hard, and around that speed is probably just within a few seconds, you drop from 80 to 32, but it's still not enough.

而在32公里每小时的速度下，就已经足以对Lotola造成严重损伤了。

And at 32, it can already cause a big enough damage to the Lotto Loes.

今天早上我看了几个视频，记录了汽车与Lotola发生事故的瞬间。

I saw a few video clips this morning of when the moments when the accidents happened between cars and Lotto Loes.

对汽车来说可能无关紧要的小碰撞，却足以击碎玻璃、撞坏车门，把人从车里甩出去。

A small hit that probably don't doesn't mean much to a car can shatter the glass and really get the door broken and get the people out of the of the vehicle.

你刚才说，这些车没有使用强化钢材或防撞梁，而这些都是普通汽车通常必须具备的。

You you just said, you know, not made with reinforced steel or beams or the things that cars typically are required to have.

我的意思是，这些车在网上流传着一些绰号。

I mean, these things have some nicknames online circulating online.

一个是‘移动炸弹’，另一个是‘马路杀手’。

One is running time bomb, and another is road killer.

光是这些称呼就足以说明人们对其安全性的担忧。

So that speaks alone to the safety concerns that people have.

不过，这说的是车辆本身。

And then that though that's the vehicle.

这不仅关乎车辆，也关乎司机，因为许多司机从未接受过正规培训，也没有驾照，他们往往把交通法规当成可有可无的建议，而不是必须遵守的规则。

The the that's about the vehicles, but also about the drivers because a lot of these drivers have never even received formal training or had a driver's license, and they often treat traffic laws apparently, like a suggestion rather than a rule that needs to be followed.

人们报告说，看到这些车闯红灯、逆向行驶，或随意穿越多条车道。

So people have reported seeing them running red lights or driving the wrong way against traffic or cutting across multiple lanes.

有一位北京居民抱怨说，他一看到这些车靠近就害怕，因为它们会突然变道。

Without warning, there was a Beijing resident who complained that he's he's scared to see these cars near him because they suddenly change lanes.

他原话是：‘突然变道或逆向行驶，让普通司机根本无法预测他们的意图。’

This was the quote, suddenly change lanes or drive the wrong way, and that makes it impossible for regular drivers to predict, their motives.

我一开始就说，这挺可爱的。

And I said in the beginning of this chat, it's cute.

这本来是个可爱的故事，直到它不再可爱。

This is a cute story until it's not a cute story.

我这么说是因为这些车辆已经引发了一些非常严重甚至致命的事故。

And I said that because there have been some very serious and fatal accidents involving these vehicles.

是的。

Yes.

如今，这些低速电动车司机如何自我定位，取决于他们自己。

And these days, depending on who were were rather how these La Tola drivers are identifying themselves with.

有时他们觉得自己是汽车，有时又觉得自己是摩托车，这直接影响了他们给道路带来的风险程度。

Sometimes they think they identify themselves as cars, sometimes as motorcycles, and that has a lot to decide with just how much risk they can put on the road.

由此造成的致命事故数量，统计数据也相当惊人。

And the the the fatal accidents that's been caused is also kind of the stat statistics here is also kind of staggering too.

根据交通运输部的数据，近年来涉及这些低速电动车的事故已超过83万起——不一定是电动车，而是他们的车辆——导致了1.8万人死亡和18.6万人受伤。

And this is according to the Ministry of Transport that there have been over 830,000 accidents involving these low speed EVs in in recent years, not necessarily always EV, their their vehicles, and resulting in eighteen thousand deaths and a hundred and eighty six thousand injuries.

太多了。

That's a lot.

仅在2022年，北京就发生了131起由这些车辆引发的交通事故，造成138人死亡。

And then in 2022 alone, Beijing saw a hundred and thirty one traffic accidents caused by these vehicles leading to a hundred and thirty eight deaths.

是的。

Yeah.

然后孩子们的安全显然是个问题，因为你提到，祖父母会用这些车辆接送孩子上下学。

And then there's the obvious concern for kids because you said that, you know, grandparents will use these vehicles to drop their kids off at school and and and pick them up.

鉴于我们刚才说的那些原因，当考虑到这些车辆中儿童的安全时，这些数据就令人担忧了。

And for all the reasons that we just said, those statistics become alarming when thinking about safety for children in those vehicles.

好吧。

Alright.

所以这些就是问题，或者至少是一些问题。

So those are the problems or at least some of the problems.

如果问题清单这么长，那为什么这些车辆还在继续生产呢？

If we have a list of problems of that length, then why are these vehicles still being produced?

它们处于一种灰色地带，正如我们提到的，它们既不能注册为机动车，也不能注册为非机动车，这意味着工厂非常聪明地处理这些车辆的注册方式，而不是将它们申报为需要严格安全测试和碰撞评级的普通乘用车。

They are in kind of a gray area as we mentioned that they're they cannot be registered as motor vehicles or non motor vehicles, which means that factories are very smart about how they register these vehicles instead of declaring them as regular passenger cars, which require strict safety tests and crash ratings.

对吧？

Right?

然后它们将这些车辆注册为非公路接驳车，或仅限于封闭环境使用的特殊车辆。

And then they register them as off highway shuttle cars or just special vehicles that's initially for enclosed environment.

封闭环境并不一定意味着室内，你指的是像公园这样的地方。

Enclosed environment doesn't necessarily mean indoor, but you're talking about, like, parks

是的。

Yeah.

或者度假村，比如在公园小道或度假村内行驶。

Or resorts, like, to be driven on the pathways and resorts or things like that.

没错。

Exactly.

所以这些车辆原本是为像你所说的旅游公园、工厂或度假村这样的区域设计的。

So these are intended for areas like what you said, tourist parks, factories, or resorts.

一旦车辆离开工厂，销售商只需告诉客户，他们可以在没有驾照的情况下驾驶它，尽管这通常是非法的，因为制造商可能合法地生产一种标称为主题公园用旅游接驳车的车辆，但本地经销商却会把它停在停车场，宣传为无驾照的保时捷之类的东西。

And once the vehicle leaves the factory, the seller simply just tells the customer that they can drive it anywhere without a license even though it is often illegal because the manufacturer might legally produce a vehicle labeled as tourist shuttle meant for the theme park, but the local dealer will put it on, like, a lot and market it as license free Porsche or something like that.

但这只是从营销角度来看。

But that's from the marketing size.

对吧？

Right?

从用户的角度来看，为什么老年人，甚至现在的年轻人，都会有这种需求，需要这些小型车辆呢？

From the people's size, there's always a need why these elders, why young even young people nowadays, they have such a need, such a requirement of of these little vehicles.

我想这也是它们仍在生产的主要原因——这是城市尚未解决的问题。

I guess that's also the biggest reason that they're still being made, that it's sort of something that the cities has haven't fixed yet.

是的。

Yeah.

有需求。

There's a need.

有市场。

There's a market.

是的。

Yeah.

因为许多老年人步行一公里去超市或最近的地铁站已经太远了，尤其在恶劣天气如雨天或雪天时更是如此。

Because for many seniors walking one kilometer to the grocery store or to the nearest subway station, that's already too long for them, too much for them, especially in bad weather, rainy days, snowy days.

所以公共交通往往太拥挤，而且并不总是准时到达。

So public transit isn't it's often too crowded and is isn't often always there.

比如，你得等公交车。

You kinda have to wait for buses, for example.

在这些情况下，一些老年人根本不够灵活去骑摩托车。

So in these cases, they can't some of the elders, they are not flexible enough to drive motorcycles.

所以Lautaro就是为了填补其他交通方式无法满足他们需求的空白，我想，还有一些

So Lautaro is there to help to fill in the gap where other ways cannot meet their needs, I guess, and some

出行缺口。

Mobility gap.

对。

Right.

是的。

Yeah.

我的意思是，这些农村社区的人们显然需要出行，步行十五到二十分钟去邮局、杂货店或药房。

I mean, these people in these rural communities need to get around, obviously, and walking fifteen or twenty minutes to the post office or to the grocery store or to the pharmacy.

正如你所说，这对老年人群体来说可能太痛苦了。

Like you said, it might be too painful for, members of the elder community.

还有便利性。

Also, the convenience.

你知道，如果你想想农村社区，是不会像在北京那样看到市中心的交通拥堵的。

You know, if you think about a rural community, you're not gonna see downtown traffic like you are in Beijing.

因此，在这些小镇上操作这些车辆可能会安全得多。

So it's probably a lot safer to operate these vehicles in those types of small towns.

我想到了我家乡的地方，新斯科舍省的塔马加楚，人口大约一千人。

And I'm thinking about where I'm from, Tatamagucha, Nova Scotia with a population of a thousand.

这种车辆在那里会非常适用，因为整个小镇总共可能只有十八条街道。

These types of vehicles would do quite well there because we have, you know, probably 18 streets in total in the whole town.

是的。

Yeah.

但当它们变得越来越流行，并开始在不允许行驶的区域上路时，事故率和死亡人数就会上升，那时我们就面临一个严重的问题。

But when they become more popular and they start to be driven in locations that they're not supposed to be driven in, then that's and we see the accident rates going up and the fatalities, then we have a serious problem on our hands.

所以当我们面临严重问题时，就需要制定政策和法规来解决这些问题。

So when we have a serious problem, then we need policies and regulations to, fix those problems.

对。

Yeah.

监管机构正在加强监管，以遏制这些老年代步车的无序状态。

Regulators are stepping up their, game to reign the, in the wild west of these Laotolu.

因此，自2024年1月1日起，北京、天津以及中国中部河南省的洛阳等主要城市正式采取行动。

So starting on 01/01/2024, major cities like Beijing, Tianjin, and also Luoyang in Henan Province in Central China officially put their foot down.

他们已禁止这些未经许可的低速电动三轮或四轮车在公共道路上行驶，甚至禁止在广场、停车场等公共区域停放，一旦被发现，将依法处理。

They've banned these unauthorized low speed electric three or four wheelers from driving on public roads and even from parking in public spaces like squares and parking lots if you are caught with one.

执法部门现在有权介入并依法处理，这意味着他们可以直接没收这些车辆。

Law enforcement is now authorized to step in and deal with it legally, which means they may just take away that vehicle.

他们有权没收车辆。

They have the right to take it.

对。

Mhmm.

而且他们可能会被罚款。

And they they may got fined.

例如，在北京，你以前经常看到这些车辆停在住宅小区的角落里，或者停在人行道上，尤其是在胡同区域。

So one example is that in Beijing, you used to see these vehicles, like, tucked in, like, a lot of these corners of the residential compound or parked along the sidewalk, especially in Hutong area.

是的。

Yeah.

我本来也想说‘是的’。

I was gonna say Yeah.

我确实经常在胡同里看到这些车，对。

I'd I've because you see these quite commonly in the Hutongs Mhmm.

在小巷子里。

In the small alleys.

是的。

Yeah.

这反映了居民的很多生活习惯，嗯。

And that's a lot of, like, nature of residents in Mhmm.

很多老年人住在胡同里，尤其是在这些小巷中。

A lot of elderly living in Hutong, and and especially in these small lanes and alleys.

对于人们来说，要走出这些小巷去搭乘公共交通巴士站，就更加困难了。

It is even harder for people to just, you know they need to get out of these lanes and go to public bus stop to get a public transport.

所以，阿鲁塔拉对他们来说是一种非常方便的出行方式。

So Alautula is a very convenient way for them to go everywhere.

当然。

Sure.

但到了2024年初，交警开始彻底清理这些车辆，以控制交通安全隐患。

But as of early twenty twenty four, traffic police began clearing them out of public areas entirely to keep the unstable factors of traffic in check.

但为了核实一下，这个禁令并不是突然出台的。

But just to fact check here because it's not like this ban came out.

街上所有这类车辆都是被禁止的。

Every law to law is forbidden on the street.

其实并不是这样的。

It's not really like that.

多年来，北京逐步推出不同的政策，而且这些政策也在基层社区层面逐步实施。

For years, Beijing slowly roll out different policies, and it's kind of conducted on the grassroots community based level too.

以我的社区为例。

Take my community for example.

最初，那是两三年前的事了。

At first, that's, like, two, three years ago.

他们通知我们社区的所有居民：如果你拥有一辆老摩托，我们社区北部设有一个专门区域，你可以直接把老摩托送到那里。

They call on to all the residences in our community saying that if you own one of these Laotolo, we have a specific area opened in the northern part of our community where just go directly there and put your Laotolo's there.

如果你愿意交出你的车辆，我们会提供补贴作为交换，这样你就不会随意丢弃它。

And if you agree to kind of, like, give out your car, we agree to give you subsidies in exchange for your car so that you don't just throw it away like that.

还会有一些专门的车辆前来收集大家的车辆，之后统一进行处理。

And there will be, like, toll cars coming, like, just to grab everybody's and get it processed afterwards.

但他们并没有强制

But they weren't forcing

这并不是一种

the It was not a

强制性的选择。

a forcing option.

会给你一些现金返还。

Will give you some cash back.

如果你愿意的话。

If you're willing.

嗯，是的。

Uh-huh.

是的。

Yes.

这更像是一种自愿行为。

That's more of a voluntary thing.

而且，我们逐渐看到，如今政策转向了，是的。

And gradually, we see nowadays the policies shift to, yep.

如果你仍然在街上驾驶这些无牌照车辆，那么警察就有权让你停下，没收车辆，甚至在某些情况下对你罚款。

If you still drive one of these unlicensed vehicles on the street, then that's when the police officers have the right to kind of tell you to stop and have it take away and even fine you in some cases.

那么，这对过去依赖这些车辆的人，尤其是在农村社区的人意味着什么？

Well, then what does this mean for the people who used to rely on these vehicles, particularly in the rural communities?

这意味着他们只能困在家里吗？

Does it mean that they're stuck at home?

那他们的出行需求呢？最后那一公里或最后一公里的难题怎么办？

What about their own transportation needs, that last that last mile or last kilometer struggle?

是的。

Yeah.

如果他们取消了一种交通方式，就必须为他们引入新的替代方案，以确保老年人不会真的被困在家里。

If they're, like, taking out a way of public of transportation, they are they need to introduce one for them, right, to make sure seniors just aren't actually stuck at home.

城市规划者正在考虑让公共交通更加适老化。

Urban planners are looking at making public transit more age friendly.

一个正在讨论的重要想法是开设专门面向老年人的公交线路，这些线路不经过传统的通勤路线。

One big idea being discussed is creating dedicated senior bus lines that don't allow traditional commuter routes.

这些公交车将绕过繁忙的办公区，直接停靠公园、菜市场和医院等地。

These buses would bypass busy office districts and instead stop directly at parks, wet markets, and also hospitals.

老年人不必在早上8点挤进拥挤的地铁，而是可以乘坐专门往返于他们公寓和早市之间的社区小巴。

And instead of a senior having to squeeze onto a packed subway at 8AM, they could hop on a local community shuttle that specifically loops between their apartment complex and the morning vegetable market.

是的。

Yeah.

就像一条微型公交线路一样。

Like a like a mini bus route Yeah.

这么说吧。

So to speak.

此外，商业市场也在推出合法的替代方案。

And then there's also the commercial market that's also stepping up with a legal alternative.

那就是微型电动车。

That's the microelectric vehicles.

嗯。

Mhmm.

所以这些看起来像La Otollo，但它们是真正的电动汽车。

So the these look like La Otollo, but they're actual EVs.

它们是正规的汽车。

They're proper cars.

它们属于微型尺寸。

It's on the mini size.

而且是可上路的。

That are road ready.

可以上路，而且你需要驾照以及和大型汽车一样的所有其他手续。

Road ready, and you need driver's license and everything else as a as a large sized car.

所以上路的所有规则对你来说都是一样的。

So and all rules for the road works the same for you.

所以这些是注册的机动车，符合国家的安全标准，有车牌，也有保险。

So these are, like, registered motor vehicles that meet national safety standards and have license plate and are covered by insurance as well.

所以，人们可以把这个当作LaTola的一个替代选择。

So this is this is something that people can consider as an an alternative for LaTola.

是的。

Yeah.

其他国家也有这种车。

And they have these in other countries too.

它们在欧洲特别受欢迎，那里你能看到这些小巧的车辆，重量常常低于500公斤。

They're particularly popular in Europe where you'll find these little tiny sized vehicles that are oftentimes or can be under 500 kilograms.

嗯。

Mhmm.

它们非常小，特别可爱。

They're really small, very cute.

这让它们在拥堵区域更容易停车和操控，其中一种叫Microlino，人们在苏黎世、慕尼黑、巴黎、意大利、瑞士、德国和荷兰都在开这种车。

It makes them easy to park and easy to maneuver in congested areas, and, people are one of them is called microlino or microlino, and people are driving these in in Zurich, in Munich, in Paris, and, in Italy, in Switzerland, Germany, yeah, Netherlands.

在那里，它们非常受欢迎。

They're really popular with people there.

但再次强调，这些是可以在道路上合法行驶的车辆。

But, again, the difference is those are street legal vehicles that they're that they're driving.

是的。

Yeah.

一些品牌已经在大力开发这些小型或微型电动车。

Some of these brands are already, like, developing a lot of these small or tiny version of EVs.

其中一个例子非常受欢迎。

Is one example, and it's got really popular.

就像我们刚才提到的例子一样，很多人会自己装饰他们的五菱宏光内部，让它变得非常舒适，价格大约在3.5万到7万元人民币之间，与高端老拉拉相当。

And just like the examples that we just listed, a lot of people decorate their own Wulin Hongguan inside and make it really cozy, and it costs about the same as a high end Laotola ranging from 35,000 yuan to 70,000 yuan.

这大约相当于5000到10000美元。

That's around $5,000 to $10,000.

嗯。

Mhmm.

但由于它是一辆合法汽车，驾驶员在发生事故时能获得保险保障。

But because it's a legal car, the driver is protected by insurance and if an accident happens.

而且，当然，也需要驾照。

And also, of course, driver's license are required as well.

我想再提一点是，应该建立更完善的规则或注册流程。

And another thing I would like to mention is that more refined rules or registration process should also be in place.

这意味着，正如我们所说，市场上确实有这样的需求。

That means that maybe, as we said, there is a need out there.

嗯。

Mhmm.

所以，这类车辆已经存在一段时间了，与其一刀切地禁止，一些专家呼吁采取折中方案，即政府设立一个专门针对老年人的安全低速车辆新类别。

So and these kind of vehicles has been there for a while, and instead of one size fits all ban, some experts are calling for a middle ground where the government developed a new category of safe low speed vehicles specifically designed for seniors.

因为我知道，现在可以看到一些这样的快递配送车。

Because I remember that nowadays, can see some of these parcel delivering carts.

是的。

Yes.

而且它们是合法注册的机动车。

And they are legitimate registered vehicle motor vehicles.