BBC简史

而且我发现很多水瓶座特质很强的人，比如，经常被误解。

And I find a lot of people with strong placements in Aquarius, like, are misunderstood.

她第七宫的水瓶座太阳和金星，点燃了她对伴侣关系的非传统态度。

A sun and Venus in Aquarius in her seventh house spark her unconventional approach to partnership.

他真的教会了我去接纳人们睡在不同的房间、不同的房子、不同的地方，就是去拥抱这一切的'如是'状态。

He really has taught me to embrace people sleeping in different rooms, on different houses, in different places, but just an embracing of the isness of it all.

如果你正在经历自己的转变，或者只是想从星盘角度了解一位顶尖艺术家如何融合占星学、创造力和现实生活，那么这期节目不容错过。

If you're navigating your own transformation or just want a chart side view into how a leading artist integrates astrology, creativity, and real life, this episode is a must listen.

请于2月24日起，在iHeartRadio应用、Apple播客或您常用的播客平台收听《灵性女儿》播客。

Listen to the spirit daughter podcast starting on February 24 on the iHeartRadio app, Apple Podcasts, or wherever you listen to your podcasts.

2023年，一则新闻震惊英国，引发了人们的恐惧与难以置信。

In 2023, a story gripped The UK, evoking horror and disbelief.

这位本该负责照料脆弱婴儿的护士，如今已成为英国现代史上杀害儿童最多的凶手。

The nurse who should have been in charge of caring for tiny babies is now the most prolific child killer in modern British history.

所有人都以为他们知道结局如何。

Everyone thought they knew how it ended.

一个判决？

A verdict?

一个恶人。

A villain.

一位名叫露西·莱比的护士。

A nurse named Lucy Letby.

露西·莱比已被判有罪。

Lucy Letby has been found guilty.

但如果我们并未了解事情的全貌呢？

But what if we didn't get the whole story?

当你审视整个事件时，这个案子就站不住脚了。

The moment you look at the whole picture, the case collapses.

我是阿曼达·诺克斯，在新播客《露西·莱比案》中，我们将追踪证据，并听取亲历者的讲述，探究当世界对露西·莱比做出定论时，究竟发生了什么。

I'm Amanda Knox, and in the new podcast, The Case of Lucy Letby, we follow the evidence and hear from the people that lived it to ask what really happened when the world decided who Lucy Letby was.

没有表达任何怀疑或质疑。

No voicing of any skepticism or doubt.

这会造成极大的伤害

It'll cause so much harm

在英国体制的每一个层面，这种错误都会造成伤害。

at every single level of the British establishment of this wrong.

请在iHeartRadio应用程序、Apple Podcasts或您获取播客的任何平台收听《怀疑：露西·莱比案》。

Listen to Doubt, the case of Lucy Letby on the iHeartRadio app, Apple Podcasts, or wherever you get your podcasts.

中国国家安全部是世界上最神秘、最强大的间谍机构之一。

China's Ministry of State Security is one of the most mysterious and powerful spy agencies in the world.

但在2017年，联邦调查局成功渗透了进去。

But in 2017, the FBI got inside.

我是特别探员雷加尔，这位是特别探员布拉德利·霍尔。

This is Special Agent Regal, Special Agent Bradley Hall.

这位MSS官员完全不知道美国政府已经盯上他了。

This MSS officer has no idea the US government is onto him.

但联邦调查局掌握了他的聊天记录、短信、电子邮件，甚至他的个人日记。

But the FBI has his chats, texts, emails, even his personal diary.

请在第六局播客中收听他们是如何获取这些信息的。

Hear how they got it on the sixth Bureau podcast.

我现在拥有数TB的、毫无疑问属于一名国安部官员的生活数据。

I now have several terabytes of an MSS officer, no doubt, no question, of his life.

那就是'独角兽'。

And that's the Unicorn.

从来没有人见过类似的东西。

No one had ever seen anything like that.

这简直令人难以置信。

It was unbelievable.

这是一个关于国家安全部内部运作的故事，讲述了一个人的野心和错误如何打开了其秘密宝库。

This is a story of the inner workings of the MSS, and how one man's ambition and mistakes opened its vault of secrets.

请在iHeartRadio应用、Apple Podcasts或任何你获取播客的地方收听《第六局》。

Listen to the sixth bureau on the iHeartRadio app, Apple Podcasts, or wherever you get your podcasts.

那么，查克，我们之前谈到过他们与政府的正面冲突。

So, Chuck, we talked about them headbutting with government.

第一次发生这种情况是在1926年的大罢工期间，当时来自各行各业的一大批人举行罢工，声援煤矿工人。

The first time it ever happened was with the nineteen twenty six general strike, which is when a bunch of people go on strike from all different kinds of professions, and they were doing this in sympathy with coal miners.

我记得当时有超过一百万煤矿工人的工资被削减，因此来自不同行业的一大批人加入了罢工，其中包括报社的印刷工人。

I think one more than a million coal miners were having their wages reduced, and so a bunch of different people from different professions went on strike and that included print workers at the newspapers.

于是，除了政府拥有的《英国公报》外，其他报纸实际上都停刊了。

So the newspapers effectively shut down except for the British Gazette, which was a government owned newspaper.

而这家政府拥有的报纸则宣称，这次罢工糟透了，所有支持罢工的人也都很糟糕。

And the government owned newspaper was like, this strike sucks and everybody who likes it sucks too.

但这使得BBC成为唯一报道此事的大众传播形式，而且显然温斯顿·丘吉尔对BBC——这个政府所有的垄断机构——的态度很不满意，它并没有简单地表示‘这次罢工糟透了，支持罢工的人都很差劲’。

But that left the BBC as the only form of mass communication reporting on this stuff, and apparently Winston Churchill was not very happy with the idea that the BBC, the government owned monopoly, was not just being like, this strike sucks, and anybody who likes it sucks.

他们对此进行了中立的报道。

They were reporting neutrally on it.

是的。

Yeah.

他当时是财政大臣，但显然影响力很大。

He was a finance minister at the time, but he had a a lot of sway, obviously.

然后他说，嘿。

And he was like, hey.

我，我认为我们应该宣布进入紧急状态，然后接管BBC。

I I think we should declare an emergency and take over the BBC.

而总干事抵制了这个提议。

And the director general resisted.

里思确实这么做了，他说，不行。

Reith did, and he said, no.

我们不会让那种情况发生。

We're not gonna let that happen.

但他们似乎是被迫减少了另一方的报道。

But they it seems like they were strong armed into not airing the other side as much.

一个例子是，他们曾邀请首相斯坦利·鲍德温上节目，当时他们是在赖特家进行广播的。

One example is when they had prime minister Stanley Baldwin on at one point, and this was at Wright's house they were broadcasting out of.

反对党领袖拉姆齐·麦克唐纳则表示，那我现在也应该上节目。

The leader of the opposition, Ramsey MacDonald, was like, well, I I get to come on now too.

对吧？

Right?

而政府拒绝了那个要求。

And the government refused that.

所以，在罢工的剩余时间里，他们大体上保持了一定的中立性。

So they they remained, you know, through the rest of the strike, somewhat impartial.

他们没让麦克唐纳上节目，但确实也基本阻止了丘吉尔在BBC露面，直到他1938年辞职。

They didn't let McDonald on, but they did block Churchill basically from being on the BBC until he resigned in 1938.

所以他们就说，你永远别想上这个节目。

So they were like, you're never coming on here.

不。

No.

这实际上是一次相当成功的政变，因为丘吉尔喜欢发表讲话和演讲。

That's quite a coup actually, because Churchill liked to talk and give speeches.

所以，在整个四十年代或者说从四十年代初到二战期间，他们设法坚持下来，并尽可能地进行报道。

So throughout the the forties or the beginning of the forties through World War two, they managed to hang on and keep reporting as best as possible.

广播确实做到了。

The radio definitely did.

它变成了政府的宣传工具。

It became a government propaganda outlet.

一些被占领的欧洲国家势力逃到英国后，利用BBC向国内的民众进行广播，我记得波兰流亡政府或流亡军队还通过它向波兰抵抗力量发送加密信息。

Some of the, European powers that had been overrun by the and had made their way to The UK used the BBC to broadcast to their their people back home, or I think the Polish army in exile or Polish government in exile sent coded messages to Polish resistance forces.

它就像，它依然在持续运作。

It like, it's it still kept going.

显然，他们的演播室在1940年被炸了，炸毁了好几层楼的上层部分。

Apparently, their studio was bombed in 1940, and it took out a a lot of the top few floors.

但幸运的是，他们当时在地下室进行广播，我猜当时播报新闻的那位工作人员掸了掸稿子上的灰尘，继续念了下去。

But luckily, they were broadcasting out of the basement still, and I guess the guy who was reading the news at the time dusted the the script off and kept reading.

你能听到背景里传来一声巨响，但新闻播报员基本上连节奏都没乱。

You heard kind of a boom in the background, but the newsreader basically didn't miss a beat.

是的。

Yeah.

他们坚持继续，因为他们肩负着这样的使命。

They kept going because they had that charge to do so.

在二十世纪三十年代，电视出现了。

The in the nineteen thirties is when TB came along.

所以最初，有一位名叫约翰·洛吉·贝尔德的苏格兰人。

So at the beginning, there was a Scotsman named John Logie Baird.

那是在1926年，他拥有这套非常古老的系统——你知道的，在当时可能相当先进，但现在看来很原始——一种机械系统，通过旋转圆盘来扫描和显示图像。

This is in 1926 where he had this really archaic, you know, I guess it was pretty advanced for the time, but archaic now, a mechanical system where they had rotating discs scanning and displaying images.

于是他们说，好吧。

And so they said, alright.

目前这样已经够好了。

That's good enough for now.

现在是1932年。

It's 1932.

没人会知道这个其实不怎么样。

No one will know that this isn't very good.

我简直无法想象。

I can't imagine.

他们推出了一项非常实验性的30线服务来展示这一点。

They put out a very experimental 30 line service to demonstrate that.

效果看起来不怎么样，但没过多久，马可尼又出现了，并声称他与EMI合作开发了一套更好的系统。

It didn't look so great, but it didn't take very long before they had Marconi came along again and said that he had a better system along with EMI.

1936年，他们在北伦敦的亚历山德拉宫推出了首个高清电视服务。

And in 1936, they had the first high def television service launched from Alexandra Palace in North London.

嗯。

Mhmm.

在当时，高清意味着240线或更高的分辨率。

And at the time, high def meant 240 lines of resolution or more.

是的。

Yeah.

这很疯狂，因为如今电视的高清分辨率大约是250线。

Which is nuts because TV high def today has something like 250.

是的。

Yeah.

至少。

At least.

至少。

At least.

所以BBC电视，嗯，BBC广播在战争期间一直持续播出，但BBC电视却关闭了，因为显然当时有很多担忧，担心信号可能被用来锁定目标并轰炸他们进行广播的亚历山德拉宫。

So the BBC TV, so BBC radio continued broadcasting throughout the war, but BBC television shut down because apparently there was a lot of concern that the signal could be used to lock on as a target and bomb Alexandria Palace where they were broadcasting from.

所以他们就想，好吧，我们不想冒那个险。

So they're like, well, we don't wanna risk that.

我们干脆停止广播。

We'll just stop broadcasting.

他们确实这么做了，从1939年到1946年，停了七年。

And they did for seven years, from 1939 to 1946.

是的。

Yeah.

就在他们家里刚装上这个新玩意儿之后。

Right after they got this new thing in in their households.

是的。

Yeah.

他们就那样，好吧，停了七年。

They were like, alright, for seven years.

你能想象自己是个孩子吗？

Can you imagine being a child?

不。

No.

我是说，虽然当时儿童节目内容不多，但一旦尝过电视的滋味，我想失去屏幕上的任何东西都很难受。

I mean, there wasn't the most kids content at the time, but still, anything on a TV screen, I imagine, was hard to lose after you tasted it.

我明白。

I know.

而且它已经存在了三年，这足以让人们深深迷上电视了。

And it was around for three years, so that was enough time to get people pretty strung out on TV.

没错。

Right.

是的。

Yeah.

你知道吗？

You know?

嗯哼。

Uh-huh.

要知道，这些人是一边摸索一边前进的。

Remember, these guys are figuring this stuff out as they go along.

就像BBC，他们涉足的几乎所有领域都是开拓者，而他们摸索的方式之一，基本上就是被直接扔进事情的核心。

Like, the BBC were trailblazers in just about everything they ever dipped their toe into, And one of the ways that they did figure stuff out was basically being dropped into the middle of it.

嗯。

Mhmm.

一个很好的例子发生在五十年代，1953年，伊丽莎白女王二世——就是续集那位——在她加冕的时候，BBC当时的反应基本上是：这是我们报道过的最重大的事件之一，即便不是最重大的，也是其中之一。

And one of a really good example of that came in the fifties, in 1953, when Queen Elizabeth the second, the sequel, when her when she was coronated, basically, the BBC was like, this is one of the biggest things we've ever covered, if not the biggest thing we've ever Yeah.

迄今为止报道过的最大事件。

Covered so far.

所以我们要全力以赴，把所有能用的手段都用上。

So we're gonna we're just gonna throw everything we can at it.

于是他们开始研发新技术，探索新的广播方式，还开创了滚动新闻播报的模式，在各个电视台之间接力报道，据我所知，那次报道相当成功。

So they started developing new technology, they figured out new ways of broadcasting, they figured out like rolling news coverage from, you know, station to station, and it was quite successful from what I understand too.

而且，结果是有很多人因此购买了电视机。

Plus also a lot of people bought TV sets as as a result.

是的。

Yeah.

所以他们能看到那个东西吗？

So they could see that thing?

对。

Yeah.

所以他们终于能看到伊丽莎白女王长什么样了。

So they could see what Queen Elizabeth looked like, finally.

是的。

Yeah.

我们在广播里听说可以通过电视看到她的样子，于是就出去买了一台。

They told us on the radio we could see what she looked like on TV, so we went out and bought one.

对。

Right.

她的头发挺好看的。

She's got pretty nice hair.

她戴着一顶王冠。

She's wearing a tiara.

我觉得那是白手套，不然她就是皮肤特别白。

I think those are white gloves or else she's quite pale.

我从这儿看不清。

I can't see from here.

那是一只可卡犬吗？

And is that a Corgi?

所以你提到了垄断。

So you mentioned the monopoly.

那个垄断最终在1955年被打破，当时独立电视台ITB开播了

That monopoly was eventually broken in 1955 when ITB, independent television, was launched

嗯。

Mhmm.

英国最古老的商业电视网。

The oldest commercial network in Britain.

然后最终在1982年，第四频道会开播。

And then eventually in 1982, Channel four would come along.

是的。

Yeah.

而且，你知道，突然间节目内容在二十世纪五十年代开始变得有点意思了，因为那时候开始出现更多样的内容，不再仅仅是转播加冕典礼、皇家阿尔伯特音乐厅的音乐会之类的活动。

And, you know, all of a sudden programming started to get somewhat interesting in, like, the nineteen fifties because you started to get a lot more you know, it wasn't just let's let's do the the coronation or this concert from Royal Albert Hall or something like that.

他们开始涉足喜剧和真正的娱乐节目。

They started to to get into comedy and sort of true entertainment.

无论好坏，一个糟糕的例子是名为《黑白吟游诗人秀》的节目，天哪，老兄。

For better or for worse, one example of for worse was a show called The Black and White Minstrel Show God, dude.

在1957年。

In 1957.

那个节目有1600万观众，从1957年一直播到1978年，是一部超级、超级、超级种族主义的吟游诗人秀。

They had 16,000,000 viewers for that show, and it ran from 1957 to 1978, a super, super, super racist minstrel show.

我们要说的是，从1962年开始，BBC的首席会计师就表示，这是一种耻辱，而且真的非常种族主义。

We will say from 1962, starting in 1962, the the chief accountant of the BBC was like, this is a disgrace and like really racist.

所以又过了十六年，BBC一台才表示，是的，也许你是对的。

And so it took another sixteen years for BBC One to say, yeah, maybe you're right.

是的。

Yeah.

那位首席会计师名叫巴里·索恩，他非常积极地要求停播这个节目。

That chief accountant's name was Barry Thorne and he was quite vociferous about getting this thing off the air.

他发送的一份备忘录中，收到了上级的回复，上面写着：看在上帝的份上，闭嘴吧。

And one of his memos that he sent, he got a reply from one of the higher ups that said, for heaven's sake, shut up.

他们只是把头埋在沙子里。

Just buried their heads in the sand.

他们拒绝承认这是一档具有冒犯性的种族主义节目。

They would not accept that this was an offensive racist show.

我读到过，即使在1957年，这档节目就已经是冒犯且种族主义的了，更不用说1978年了。

And I read, like, even in 1957, this was offensive and racist, alone 1978.

如果你去观看它，会发现它极端种族主义，简直令人瞠目结舌。

And if you go and watch it, it is jaw droppingly racist, like

是的。

Yeah.

而且它们根本就不好看。

And they're just not good.

确实不好看。

It isn't.

就像劳伦斯·韦尔克那样糟糕。

It's like Lawrence Welk terrible.

那本质上就是想象一下劳伦斯·威尔克的节目，里面每个男人都毫无缘由地涂着黑脸。

That's essentially it was imagine Lawrence Welk where every man is in blackface for no reason whatsoever.

这完全没有背景可言。

There's no context to it.

他们就是涂着黑脸，做着各种不同的事情，表演着各种不同的歌曲。

They're just in blackface doing all these different things and doing all these different song performances.

这简直太疯狂了。

It's it's insane.

比如，你真的应该去看看。

Like, you should definitely go check it out.

比如，如果你看过后没有完全被震惊到，我会很惊讶的。

Like, if it if it if you're not just, like, completely staggered by it, I will be surprised.

是的。

Yeah.

或者，你知道的，反省一下自己。

Or maybe, you know, check-in with yourself.

这是一个很好的试金石，观看黑白吟游诗人秀，看看你对它有什么看法。

That's a good litmus test, watching the black and white minstrel show and seeing what you think of it.

是的。

Yeah.

我认为这应该成为未来的测试标准。

That should be the the test moving forward, I think.

这太疯狂了，老兄。

It's so nuts, dude.

直接把人们连接到机器上。

Just hook people up to a machine.

没错。

Yep.

现在是六十年代了。

It's nineteen sixties now.

我们真的在飞速穿越各个年代。

We're really flying through the decades.

BBC二台于1964年开播，而彩色电视（英式拼写）则在1967年问世。

BBC two has come along in 1964, and Color TV with a u comes along in 1967.

正是在六十年代，一些有史以来最传奇的节目诞生了，其中最重要的莫过于1963年开播的科幻剧集《神秘博士》。

And this is when some some of the legendary shows over there of all time came about in the sixties, not the least of which, from 1963, was the sci fi series Doctor Who.

谁？

Who?

没错。

Exactly.

一个我从未看过的节目。

A show that I've never watched.

我也没看过。

No me either.

但我知道人们很喜欢它。

But I know people love it.

哦，是的。

Oh, yeah.

我的意思是，它已经成为一部邪典经典，我想，快有七十五年了。

I mean, it's been a cult classic for, I think, coming up by seventy five years.

是的。

Yeah.

七十年？

Seventy years?

六十多年？

Sixty something?

一部小众经典能持续这么久，你知道吗？

That's a long time for a cult classic to be around, you know?

是的。

Yeah.

想想看。

Think about it.

《怪胎与书呆》只播了一季。

Freaks and Geeks was one season.

是的。

Yeah.

说得好。

Good point.

还有一部我也想看，虽然还没听说过，但据说影响巨大，我能理解原因。

There was also one that I'd like to see, I hadn't heard of it yet, but apparently it was enormous, and I can understand why.

是肯尼斯·克拉克的《文明》吗？

Was Kenneth Clark's Civilization

从'19到'90年代

from '19 This '90

这显然是他们推出的第一部精品剧集，基本上就是肯尼斯·克拉克讲述从黑暗时代到二十世纪的历史，探讨不同时代的哲学思想、社会变迁、事物发展以及人们如何相处互动。

apparently was like the first Prestige series that they ever came out with, and it was basically like Kenneth Clark going over the dark ages up to the twentieth century and talking about the philosophy of different eras and what was going on and how things developed and how people got along and interacted.

听起来真的很棒。

It sounds really amazing.

是的。

Yeah.

当然。

For sure.

我也想看。

I wanna see that too.

也许我们应该订个iPlayer。

Maybe we should get an iPlayer.

我们稍后再解释那是什么。

We'll get to what that is later.

好的。

Okay.

或者注册一个iPlayer。

Or sign up for iPlayer.

我不觉得它是个实物。

I don't think it's an object.

对吧？

Right?

不是的。

No.

它不是。

It's not.

讽刺剧在1962年随着大卫·弗罗斯特而出现。

Satire came along in 1962 with David Frost.

那就是《那一周》节目。

That was the week that was.

嗯哼。

Mhmm.

我只能想到约翰·奥利弗的《上周今夜秀》，光是这个标题本身可能就是一种轻微的致敬。

I can only think that John Oliver's last week tonight with John Oliver is a just the title itself might be a slight nod.

是的。

Yeah.

或者那档节目叫《那一周》。

Or that was the week that was.

我是说，他一直给我一种很英国的感觉，所以我确信他知道那个节目。

I mean, he's always struck me as pretty British, so I'm sure he's aware of that show.

那当然就是伟大的大卫·弗罗斯特。

And that was, of course, the great David Frost.

是吗？

Yeah?

是的。

Yeah.

就是那个让尼克松基本上承认自己是个骗子的人。

The one who got Nixon to basically admit that he was a crook.

是的。

Yeah.

就是那家伙。

That's the dude.

还有一档节目是1977年在CBS播出的。

There's another that was in 1977 on CBS.

我相信BBC当时肯定相当嫉妒。

I'm sure BBC was quite jealous.

哦，是《福斯特对话尼克松》啊，对。

Oh, Frost Nixon, yeah.

或者他们根本不在乎，因为那是尼克松，他是美国人。

Or else they didn't care because it was Nixon, and he's American.

没错。

That's right.

但我们在六十年代末的贝宁山还有《蒙提·派森的飞行马戏团》。

But we also got Monty Python Swine Circus in Benning Hill in the late sixties.

没错。

That's right.

然后还有《远见传奇》，这个我没听说过，但显然它和《唐顿庄园》有不少相似之处，而且他们正准备第三次重启这部剧。

And then also the Foresight saga, which I hadn't heard of, but apparently it has quite a bit of similarity to Downton Abbey, and they're about to reboot it for the third time.

所以我想《唐顿庄园》的粉丝们可以转去看《远见传奇》了。

So I guess Downton Abbey fans can move over to the Foresight saga.

我想那个其实已经播出了。

I think that's already out, actually.

天哪。

Oh my god.

新的那部。

The new one.

真的吗？

Is it really?

是的。

Yeah.

我是说，它从67年就开始播了。

I mean, it's been around since '67.

我想还有一个新的六集系列剧也...也播出了。

I think there's a new six part series that's also that's also out.

不是现在，那可能是在假期期间播出，因为肯定是今年。

Not now, then maybe coming in the holidays because it's definitely this year.

好的。

Okay.

太棒了。

Cool.

是的。

Yeah.

你看过《唐顿庄园》吗？

Are you into Downton Abbey?

我不记得了。

I don't remember.

我超爱《唐顿庄园》。

I love Downton Abbey.

我全都看完了。

I watched it all.

很好。

Good.

是的。

Yeah.

它不会给大脑带来什么负担。

It's it's not taxing on the brain or anything.

它恰恰就是它应有的样子，那种非常容易观看的楼上楼下肥皂剧。

It's just it's exactly what it should be, which is that just real easy to watch upstairs, downstairs soapy drama.

不错。

Nice.

是的。

Yeah.

我喜欢它。

I like it.

好的。

Okay.

然后，在六十年代，也就是1964年，还出现了音乐节目《流行音乐之巅》。

And then also, what came along in the sixties and 1964 was the music show Top of the Pops.

我们之前已经讨论过几次了。

We've talked about that a few times.

你知道的，还记得皇后乐队为了不用在《流行音乐排行榜》上对口型，而制作了《波西米亚狂想曲》的音乐视频吗？

You know, remember Queen made their Bohemian Rhapsody video to get out of having to lip sync on Top of the Pops?

是的。

Yeah.

我的意思是，那是个传奇节目，由我们稍后会谈到的著名烂人吉米·萨维尔主持。

I mean, legendary show, hosted by noted awful person Jimmy Sabille, who we're gonna talk about later.

是的。

Yeah.

当然。

For sure.

想象一下，如果我们压根没提他。

Imagine if we just didn't mention him.

没错。

Right.

所以，你刚才说我们正在快速回顾几十年的历程。

So we you said we were blazing through the decades.

我们即将飞速前进，把七十年代和八十年代合并在一起，因为从七十年代末到八十年代初，发生了几件真正重大的事情。

We're about to blaze so fast we're gonna combine the seventies and eighties together, because a couple of really big things happened in well, starting in the late seventies and early eighties.

第一件事是1979年，《地球上的生命》首播，那是大卫·爱登堡第一部真正宏大、具有里程碑意义的野生动物纪录片系列。

The first thing was 1979, when Life on Earth premiered, and that is David Attenborough's first really big, massive wildlife documentary series.

它花了三年时间制作。

It took three years to make.

他们去了超过一百个地点。

They went to over a 100 locations.

它的制作成本高达一百万英镑，我当时就想，哇，那肯定是一大笔钱。

It had a £1,000,000 price tag, and I was like, wow, that's gotta be a lot.

按今天的价值算，那才五百万英镑。

That's only £5,000,000 today.

所以想象一下，仅用区区五百万英镑就能获得这部开创性的系列片。

So imagine getting this groundbreaking series for a mere £5,000,000.

这真是笔划算的交易。

That's quite a deal.

但这东西彻底改变了野生动物纪录片。

But this this thing just completely changed wildlife documentaries.

你现在看到的每一部野生动物纪录片，其风格都可以追溯到《地球上的生命》。

Every every wildlife documentary you see traces itself in its style back to life on Earth.

是的。

Yeah.

完全正确。

100%.

你知道，我们没法详细讨论所有这些节目，我知道大家可能会问，那《一脚踏进坟墓》呢？还有我最爱的剧集呢？

You know, we can't go over all these shows, and I know people are gonna be like, what about One Foot in the Grave and on the and my favorite show?

但我们得提一下我的最爱，其中之一就是《弗尔蒂旅馆》。

But we should mention my favorites, one of which was Fawlty Towers.

那是另一个——在我大学毕业后，和我的英国朋友住在新泽西时看的。

That was another that post college when I was living in New Jersey with my British friend Mhmm.

大学毕业后，他向我介绍了《弗尔蒂旅馆》和《黑爵士》。

From college, he introduced me to Fawlty Towers and The Blackadder.

它们绝对是有史以来最棒的几部剧集之一。

And they were just a couple of the best shows ever.

我的意思是，那是我以前从未见过的喜剧类型，真的非常非常精彩。

I mean, was comedy that I hadn't seen before and just really, really great stuff.

是的。

Yeah.

不知为何，我在看《飞行马戏团》之前，就先接触到了《弗尔蒂旅馆》。

For some reason, I got introduced to Fawlty Towers before I ever watched Flying Circus too.

所以我当时就想，哦，原来他是《弗尔蒂旅馆》里的那个家伙。

So I was like, oh, that's the guy from Fawlty Towers.

哦，真的吗？

Oh, really?

嗯哼。

Mhmm.

哦，那挺有意思的。

Oh, that's funny.

你还提到了Goon Squad。

And you mentioned the Goon Squad.

我记得我们在做一期关于蒙提·派森的节目时讨论过他们。

I remember we talked about them when we did an episode on, I guess, Monty Python.

我们到底有没有做过一期关于蒙提·派森的节目？

Did we ever do an episode on Monty Python?

因为它们出现了。

Because they came up.

我们确实看了。

We did.

好的。

Okay.

我想那是我们洛杉矶播客节的一次活动。

I think that was one of our LA Podfests.

是的。

It was.

完全正确。

Totally.

是的。

Yeah.

是的。

Yeah.

所以他们深受《Goon Show》的影响。

So they were deeply influenced by the goons the goon show.

是的。

Yeah.

我说的是‘Goon Squad’，对吧？

I said goon squad, didn't I?

是的。

Yeah.

我想我之前说了'goon squad'，所以可能是我影响了这个说法。

I think I said goon squad earlier, so I think I probably influenced that.

谢谢。

Thank you.

感谢

Thanks for

是我的错。

It's my fault.

替我挡了那颗手榴弹。

Jumping on that grenade for me.

但那是《Goon Show》，它是最早真正影响后来节目的荒诞喜剧之一，比如《蒙提·派森》。

But it's the Goon Show, and it was one of first absurdist comedies that really influenced shows to come, like Monty Python.

但它只是广播节目，在我看来这让它更具创意。

But it was just on the radio, which makes it even more creative if you ask me.

是的。

Yeah.

太棒了。

Amazing.

斯派克·米利根创造了它，如今它最著名的可能是彼得·塞勒斯在这里开启了职业生涯。

Spike Milligan created it, and it's probably most notable these days for where Peter Sellers got his start.

嗯哼。

Mhmm.

他出演了最初的几季——我们称之为季——与哈里·西科姆一起，我认为迈克尔·本廷接替了彼得·塞勒斯的角色。

He was in the first couple of series, what we call seasons, along with Harry Sikom, and I believe Michael Benteen took over Peter Sellers.

正如我所说，有很多节目值得提及，但我们不能不提《东区人》，因为我的前室友贾斯汀经常提到它。

And like I said, there's so many shows to mention, but we can't not mention EastEnders because, my former roommate Justin talked about it a lot.

他来自东伦敦，这部剧是BBC历史上最成功的节目之一。

He was from East London, and it was it's one of the biggest shows in the history of the BBC.

它基本上就像是英国版的《老友记》。

It's basically like the British version of Friends.

是的。

Yeah.

我不知道。

I don't know.

对此我不予置评。

I'm not gonna comment on that.

但那部电视剧过去是，现在也依然是。

But that that was the TV show and still is.

《东区人》现在还在播。

EastEnders is still on.

对吗？

Correct?

我不知道。

I don't know.

是吗？

Is it?

我相当确定是的。

I'm pretty sure it is.

也许不是。

Maybe not.

这让我很惊讶。

It surprised me.

它始于1985年，一推出就大获成功。

It started in 1985 and was a really big hit out of the gate.

而且，你知道，这是那种情节剧。

And it's, you know, it's melodrama.

凯尔指出，它触及了所有那种刻板印象，比如肥皂剧的典型套路。

Kyle points out that it's it hits all the sort of stereotypical, like, soap opera archetypes.

但多年来，他们也像大多数优秀剧集一样，因处理诸如伦敦东区历史上的一些现实问题而获得了一些赞誉。

But they've also, through the years, like, I think most good shows, gotten some some applause for tackling things like like some of the realities of of the East End Of London through history.

是的。

Yeah.

比如艾滋病、失业，这些你并不总能在电视上看到的事情。

Like HIV, unemployment, just stuff that you don't always see on the TV.

从这个意义上说，它确实有点开创性。

It was kinda groundbreaking in that sense.

是的。

Yeah.

因为

For

确实。

sure.

不过，查克，别叫它肥皂剧。

Don't call it a soap opera though, Chuck.

如果你想谈肥皂剧，你得回到广播时代，去找《阿彻一家》，那可是世界上播出时间最长的肥皂剧。

If you wanna go soap operas, you gotta get back to the radio and just find The Archers, which is the world's longest running soap opera.

他们有超过两万集，数量几乎和我们一样多。

They have over 20,000 episodes, so almost as many as we do.

它的背景设定在英格兰乡村。

And it's set out in rural England.

显然，它很棒，或者说它时不时地就很棒。

Apparently, it's great, or it has been from time to time.

所以我从来没听说过它，也从来没听过，但我可能会养成听《阿彻一家》的习惯。

So I've never heard of it and never heard it, but I may pick up Archer's habit.

我不确定是否

I'm not sure if

要收听吗？

Tune in?

对。

Yeah.

或者你也可以直接看FX频道的《间谍亚契》，那部剧很棒。

Or you could just watch Archer instead on FX, because that's great.

基本上是一回事。

It's basically the same thing.

广播剧还在继续播。

The radio was still going on.

你知道，虽然我们聊了很多电视节目，但你提到了《阿彻一家》。

You know, know we're talking a lot about TV, but you mentioned the Archers.

收音机的质量，你知道，如果你听过我们关于AM收音机的那期节目，一切在六七十年代技术上就开始逐渐变好了。

The quality of radios, you know, if you listen to our AM radio episode, everything just kinda started getting better technologically in the sixties and seventies.

嗯哼。

Mhmm.

它们变得更加普及，所以能传到更多人耳朵里。

They were more ubiquitous, so it reached more ears.

但是，你知道，这触及了我们很多期节目的内容，因为如果你听过我们关于海盗电台的那期节目，你就会知道海盗电台曾是BBC广播电台一个实实在在的威胁。

But, you know, this touches on a lot of our episodes because if you listen to our pirate radio episode, you'll know that pirate radio was a legitimate threat to the BBC Radio.

卡罗莱纳电台和伦敦电台，它们可不是只有几百个听众那种规模。

Radio Carolina and Radio London, it wasn't just, you know, like a few 100 people listening.

他们播放流行音乐，在六十年代中后期某种程度上主导了那个领域，BBC当时的反应就是，我们必须做得更好。

Like, they were playing popular music and sort of dominating that scene in the mid to late sixties, and the BBC was like, we gotta do better.

是的。

Yeah.

之所以会出现海盗电台，再次说明，是因为运营广播电台在当时是非法的，因为BBC对此拥有垄断权。

The reason why there were pirate radio stations is, again, it was illegal to run a radio station because BBC had the monopoly on it.

所以他们当时就想，嗯，就像你说的，我们需要跟上时代。

So they were like, well, like like you said, we need to keep up.

于是他们在1967年推出了Radio One。

So they launched Radio One in 1967.

显然，它是全世界收听人数最多的广播电台，这绝非偶然，部分原因要归功于皮特·唐和他九十年代主持的《Essential Selection》节目。

Apparently, it's the most listened to radio station in the entire world for no small reason in part to Pete Tong and his Essential Selection show that ran in the nineties.

你听过那个吗？

Did you ever listen to that?

我知道这个名字，但我不确定我是否听过

I know the name, but I don't I don't know if I ever listened

那个节目。

to that.

他主持过一些DJ现场表演。

There's like DJ sets that he hosted.

那些节目真的很棒。

They were really good.

那是个很棒的节目。

It was a good show.

是的。

Yeah.

嗯，他们最终在五年后的1972年通过立法，允许商业电台的存在，从而结束了广播领域的垄断。

Well, they eventually would end that monopoly five years later in 1972 on the radio when they passed legislation that commercial radio could be a thing.

那时候，伦敦广播公司（LBC）嗯。

And that's when the LBC, the London Broadcasting Company Mhmm.

是第一个以非海盗电台身份登上合法电波的。

Was the first one to hit the legitimate airwaves as not pirate radio.

而且，你知道，七八十年代发展得还算顺利，但真正爆发的是九十年代，地方独立电台那时候超级火起来，是的。

And apparently, it was you know, things moved along okay through the seventies and eighties, but it was really the nineteen nineties where local independent radio like super took off over Yeah.

我想到了那个时候，也就是1995年，BBC的听众规模首次被一些竞争对手超越了。

I think by that time, by 1995, the BBC had a smaller audience than some of its competitors for the very first time.

是的。

Yeah.

但BBC还是坚持了下来。

But the BBC plodded along.

别为他们感到难过，我们接下来会看到。

Don't feel bad for them, as we'll see.

他们知道如何重新振作起来，拍拍灰尘然后说，BBC接下来要做什么？

They know how to pick themselves up and dust themselves off and say, what's next for the BBC?

我们休息一下，回来再继续，看看接下来有什么内容，查克。

Say we take a break and we come back and find out what's next, Chuck.

好的，我们开始吧。

Let's do it.

2023年，一则新闻震惊了英国，引发了人们的恐惧与难以置信。

In 2023, a story gripped The UK, evoking horror and disbelief.

这位本该负责照顾幼小婴儿的护士，如今却成了英国现代史上杀害儿童最多的凶手。

The nurse who should have been in charge of caring for tiny babies is now the most prolific child killer in modern British history.

每个人都以为他们知道结局如何。

Everyone thought they knew how it ended.

一个判决，一个罪犯，一名叫露西·莱特比的护士。

A verdict, a villain, a nurse named Lucy Letby.

露西·莱特比已被判有罪。

Lucy Letby has been found guilty.

但如果我们没有听到完整的故事呢？

But what if we didn't get the whole story?

一旦你看到整个画面，这个案子就会崩塌。

The moment you look at the whole picture, the case collapses.

我是阿曼达·诺克斯。

I'm Amanda Knox.

在新的播客《怀疑》中，关于露西·莱特比的案件，我们将追踪证据，倾听亲历者的声音，探究当世界决定露西·莱特比是谁时，究竟发生了什么。

And in the new podcast, Doubt, the case of Lucy Letby, we follow the evidence and hear from the people that lived it to ask what really happened when the world decided who Lucy Letby was.

没有任何质疑或怀疑的表达。

No voicing of any skepticism or doubt.

这将在每一个层面造成巨大的伤害

It'll cause so much harm at every single level

英国体制的根基都错了。

of the British establishment that this is wrong.

请在iHeartRadio应用、Apple播客或任何你获取播客的地方收听《疑点：露西·莱比案》。

Listen to doubt, the case of Lucy Letby on the iHeartRadio app, Apple Podcasts, or wherever you get your podcasts.

你好。

Hi.

我是乔·温特斯坦，《灵性女儿》播客的主持人，我们在这里探讨占星学、出生星盘，以及如何活出最精彩的人生。

This is Jo Winterstein, host of the spirit daughter podcast, where we talk about astrology, natal charts, and how to step into your most vibrant life.

我刚刚和米妮·德赖弗坐下来聊了聊。

And I just sat down with a mini driver.

那位爱尔兰旅行者在我16岁时说，你会在感情方面经历一段非常艰难的时期。

The Irish traveler said when I was 16, you're gonna have a terrible time with men.

演员、故事讲述者，以及一位毫不掩饰的水瓶座梦想家。

Actor, storyteller, and and unapologetic Aquarian visionary.

水瓶座的核心特质是热爱自由和拥有不同的视角。

Aquarius is all about freedom loving and different perspectives.

我发现很多水瓶座特质突出的人，比如，常常被误解。

And I find a lot of people with strong placements in Aquarius, like, are misunderstood.

她第七宫的水瓶座太阳和金星，点燃了她对伴侣关系的非传统态度

A sun and Venus in Aquarius in her seventh house spark her unconventional approach

。

to partnership.

他确实教会了我去接纳人们睡在不同的房间、不同的房子、不同的地方，而是全然接纳这种存在的本质。

He really has taught me to embrace people sleeping in different rooms, on different houses, in different places, but just an embracing of the isness of it all.

如果你正在经历自己的转变，或者只是想从一位顶尖艺术家如何将占星学、创造力和现实生活融合的视角来解读星盘，那么这一集是必听之作。

If you're navigating your own transformation or just want a chart side view into how a leading artist integrates astrology, creativity, and real life, this episode is a must listen.

请于2月24日起，在iHeartRadio应用、Apple播客或任何你收听播客的地方，收听《灵性女儿》播客。

Listen to the spirit daughter podcast starting on February 24 on the iHeartRadio app, Apple Podcasts, or wherever you listen to your podcast.

中国国家安全部是世界上最神秘且最强大的间谍机构之一。

China's Ministry of State Security is one of the most mysterious and powerful spy agencies in the world.

但在2017年，联邦调查局成功渗透了进去。

But in 2017, the FBI got inside.

我是特别探员雷加尔，这位是特别探员布拉德利·霍尔。

This is special agent Regal, special agent Bradley Hall.

这位国安部官员完全不知道美国政府已经盯上他了，但联邦调查局掌握了他的聊天记录、短信、电子邮件，甚至他的个人日记。

This MSS officer has no idea the US government is on to him, but the FBI has his chats, texts, emails, even his personal diary.

请收听《第六局》播客，了解他们是如何获取这些信息的。

Hear how they got it on the sixth Bureau podcast.

我现在拥有好几TB关于一名国安部官员的资料，毫无疑问，涵盖了他的一生。

I now have several terabytes of an MSS officer, no doubt, no question of his life.

这简直是独角兽般的存在。

And that's a unicorn.

从来没有人见过这样的东西。

No one had ever seen anything like that.

这简直令人难以置信。

It was unbelievable.

这是一个关于国家安全部内部运作的故事，讲述了一个人的野心与失误如何打开了其秘密宝库。

This is a story of the inner workings of the MSS and how one man's ambition and mistakes opened its vault of secrets.

请在iHeartRadio应用、Apple播客或任何你获取播客的地方收听《第六局》。

Listen to the Sixth Bureau on the iHeartRadio app, Apple Podcasts, or wherever you get your podcasts.

好的。

Alright.

我们回来了，我们承诺接下来为BBC带来更多内容。

We're back, and we promise what's next for the BBC.

接下来就是玛格丽特·撒切尔说，我恨你们BBC。

And what was next was Margaret Thatcher saying, I hate you BBC.

是的。

Yeah.

她于1979年当选，我想，她从一开始就对BBC及其特权地位抱有强烈的反感。

She was elected in 1979, had a a strong, I guess, aversion to the BBC and their privileged status right out of the gate.

她信奉自由市场，一心推行自由市场理念。

She wanted she was all about the free market.

她当时的态度是，不行。

She was like, no.

这应该像其他所有事物一样，在自由市场中运作。

This should be in the free market with everyone else.

嗯哼。

Mhmm.

社论的观点应该与国家利益保持一致，基本上就是我认为的国家利益。

The the editorial editorializing should align with the national interest of basically what I think is a national interest.

没错。

That's right.

在二十世纪八十年代发生了一系列事件，我想你可以称之为失误，或者只是撒切尔不喜欢的诚实报道。

And there were a number of things that happened in the nineteen eighties that I I guess you could call them either missteps or just honest broadcasting that Thatcher did not like.

是的。

No.

尤其是对福克兰群岛战争或北爱尔兰问题的报道。

Especially the covering the Falklands War or the troubles in Northern Ireland.

他们并非只是那种'去他的北爱尔兰，去他的爱尔兰共和军，或者去他的阿根廷人'的态度。

They weren't just like, screw Northern Ireland, screw the IRA, or screw the Argentinians.

就像你所说，他们报道公正，在某些情况下却被指控为叛国。

Like they, like you said, reported fairly and in some cases were accused of treachery.

显然，彼得·斯诺在《新闻之夜》节目中将入侵福克兰群岛的军队称为'英军'而非'我们的军队'，他因此被指控为叛国。

Apparently, Peter Snow on news night called the troops the British when they were invading the Falklands rather than our troops, and he was accused of treachery.

他们曾有一次采访了一名爱尔兰共和军成员，我记得是为了《全景》节目的某一集。

And they once interviewed IRA member for a, I think, a Panorama episode.

是的，据我所知，《全景》有点像《前线》，是一种硬核调查性纪录片节目。

Yeah, Panorama, it's kind of like Frontline from what I can tell, it's like a hard hitting investigative documentary show.

好的。

Okay.

而你根本不能那么做。

And you just couldn't do that.

你不能与爱尔兰共和军对话，不能给他们任何播出时间，不能传播他们的观点，他们在八十年代中期曾试图通过那期《全景》节目这么做，但我想由于政府干预，那些内容从未得以播出。

You couldn't talk to the IRA, you couldn't give them any kind of airtime, you couldn't air their viewpoints, and they tried to in the mid eighties with that panorama episode, but I guess they never saw the light of day because of the government.

是的。

Yeah.

而整个事件最终导致了时任总裁阿拉斯泰尔·米尔恩的下台。

And that whole situation would eventually lead to the ouster of the director general at the time, Alastair Milne.

而且，你知道，我读到的所有关于他的资料都说他工作做得相当不错，但问题是，当时是撒切尔掌权。

And, you know, he was everything I read about him said that he was he was doing a pretty good job, but it was you know, Thatcher was in power.

她想让他下台。

She wanted him out.

然后在1987年，他基本上是被强行排挤出去的。

And in 1987, he was basically kind of strong earned out.

撒切尔夫人，你知道的，她选定的人马默杜克·赫西被安插进来，就是为了让BBC对政府更友好一些。

And Thatcher's, you know, choice person, Marmaduke Hussey, was installed and, you know, just to be more government friendly.

是的。

Yeah.

我最近正好在读关于马默杜克·赫西的资料。

Apparently, was reading about Marmaduke Hussey.

他的讣告中描述他比看起来聪明，但几乎肯定没有他自己认为的那么聪明。

He was described in his obituary as cleverer than he looked, but almost certainly not as clever as he thought.

他还说，当他被任命到BBC时，他对那里太不熟悉了，以至于他和妻子不得不在电话簿里查找地址，看看他该去哪里。

And he had he said that when he was appointed to the BBC, he was so unfamiliar with it that he and his wife had to look up the address in the phone book to see where he should be going.

所以他并不是一个显而易见的选择，而且他显然是撒切尔认为的那种‘这个人会听从我所有要求’的人选。

So he was not like an obvious choice, and he was clearly the choice that that was like, this guy's going to listen to everything I want, thought Thatcher.

是的。

Yeah.

嗯，我也读了一些米尔恩后来关于董事会和管理层的言论。

Well, and I read some about what Milne talked of, like, kind of the board after that and the the management after that.

他说，那不过是一群业余人士，根本不知道自己在做什么。

And he was like, it's just it's a bunch of amateurs, people that don't know what they're doing.

除了他们是撒切尔的亲信这一事实外，他们根本不胜任这份工作。

Like, beyond the fact that they're just cronies for Thatcher, like, they're not good at this job.

是的。

Yeah.

是的。

Yeah.

显然，这位赫西先生当时已因几乎搞垮《每日邮报》，接着又差点搞垮《每日电讯报》而闻名。

Apparently, he Hussie was known to this point for having almost run the Daily Mail into the ground and then almost run the the telegraph into the ground too.

所以，正如我所说，他显然不是一个合适的人选。

So he was definitely not an obvious choice, like I said.

对。

Yeah.

快进很多年，实际上。

Fast forward a lot, actually.

如果你想一直追溯到二十一世纪的托尼·布莱尔时期，他们那个时代最早的重大争议之一就是伊拉克档案事件。

If you wanna go all the way up to Tony Blair in the twenty first century, one of their big first sort of controversies of that era was the Iraq dossier.

2003年5月，一位名叫安德鲁·吉里根的国防记者在第四电台上声称，伊拉克大规模杀伤性武器档案被——引用原话——'添油加醋'了，这一点如今已被公认为事实。

In May 2003, there was a defense correspondent named Andrew Gilligan who got on Radio four and alleged that the Iraq WMD dossier had been, quote, sexed up, something that everyone understands as being the truth now.

嗯哼。

Mhmm.

布莱尔的新闻主管艾利斯特·坎贝尔予以反击，BBC与政府之间爆发了一场重大争端。

And Blair's press chief Alistair Campbell went on the counter, and a big feud sort of erupted between the BBC and the government.

当时的总干事格雷格·戴克也被迫离职——虽然名义上是辞职，但显然是被施压的结果。

And director general there, Greg Dyke, was, well, I guess he was sacked as well while he resigned, but kind of another strong-arm.

是的。

Yeah.

这是一件非常、非常重大的事情。

That was a huge, huge deal.

这一切中最令人震惊的一点是，安德鲁·吉里根的消息来源是一位名叫大卫·凯利的联合国武器专家。

And one of the most, shocking things that came out of all of this is that, Andrew Gilligan's source on this matter was a guy named David Kelly who was a UN weapons expert.

他确实非常了解这个领域，但在此之前一直是个匿名举报人。

So he really knew what he was talking about, but he had been an anonymous whistleblower up to this point.

不知怎的，他的身份被泄露了，原来他正是这一重大政府争议的爆料者——该争议指出英国伪造了所有帮助美国入侵伊拉克的证据，而大卫·凯利后来被发现死在自家附近的树林里，据称是自杀。

It leaked out somehow that he was the source for this huge government controversy that basically said The UK faked all of the stuff that helped America invade Iraq, and David Kelly was found dead, apparently by suicide, in the woods by his house.

是的。

Yeah.

这也非常令人难过。

It's very sad too.

据说，有一些人认为，他并不是自杀的。

Apparently, there's a certain amount of people who are like, I don't think he took his life.

是的。

Yeah.

我一看到这个消息，就觉得我知道了。

As soon as I read that, was like, I know.

据说当时进行了一项调查，政府被证明没有不当行为，但你知道的。

I mean, there was an investigation apparently, and the government was cleared of wrongdoing, but, you know.

是的。

Yeah.

但如果你仔细想想，这会显得非常报复心重。

But I mean, that'd be pretty vindictive if you think about it.

我的意思是，我完全可以相信政府为了阻止他公开这些信息而杀了他，但为了报复而这么做，似乎更让人难以接受。

Like, I can really buy the government killing this guy to silence him before he can share this information, but to do it in retribution seems even Yeah.

哇。

Wow.

是的。

Yeah.

当然。

For sure.

到了九十年代末，数字革命来临了。

The late nineties come along, and the digital revolution is upon us.

当时总干事约翰·伯特创办了BBC在线。

And, director general at that time, John Burt, started BBC Online.

他去过美国，意识到那才是未来。

He had visited The States and kinda realized that that was the future.

它迅速发展起来。

And it really took off.

当时，他们只是拥有一系列零散的网页。

They had, at the time, just sort of a piecemeal network of web pages.

1997年，他们通过BBC在线网站报道大选，真正认真地启动了这项业务。

And in 1997, they really kicked it off in earnest with BBC online with the general election.

戴安娜王妃去世后，首次建立了一个滚动新闻网站，显然访问量非常巨大。

And a rolling news website for the first time was established after the death of princess Diana, so it was hotly trafficked, obviously.

是的。

Yeah.

显然，有1900万人观看了她的葬礼，这是他们历史上规模最大的一次广播。

Apparently, 19,000,000 people watched her funeral, the largest ever broadcast for them.

这件事带来的成果之一，而且这想法在当时真的很超前，我们说的是1997年，他们当时就想，我们要投入大量资金来建立我们的网络形象。

And one of the things that came out of this, and again, this was really forward thinking, we're talking 1997, and they're like, we're gonna put a substantial amount of money in creating our web presence.

由此诞生的成果之一就是你提到的iPlayer，是的。

One of the things that came out of it was that iPlayer you were mentioning, Yeah.

没错。

Yeah.

它于2007年推出，最初的功能就像是问：'你这周错过《东区人》了吗？'

Which was launched in 2007, and initially it was like, did you miss EastEnders this week?