精选：关于金酒你一直想知道的一切

这两款都是极具草本风味的金酒，可以说是市面上最美味的了。

Those are two really really like, I guess, botanicals, the best way to put it, gins that are out there that are really really tasty.

是那个喝起来像脚臭的圣乔治吗？

Is that the Saint George that tastes like feet?

是的。

Yeah.

不是的。

So, no.

那是他们的一款陈酿金酒，类似陈年龙舌兰风格。

That is their aged, like, reposado gin.

对。

Yeah.

那种酒我不喜欢。

That would that I didn't love that.

他们把它酿造成类似梅斯卡尔或陈年龙舌兰风格的金酒。

Where they made it like it was like kind of a mezcal or or aged tequila style gin.

那款金酒带有类似陈年龙舌兰酒的风味。

Where it was gin, it had like some quality of like really like long aged tequila.

我觉得你没做好心理准备。

I think you weren't prepared for it.

如果你事先知道它是什么，现在会不会喜欢呢？

I wonder if you'd like it now knowing like what it was going into it.

也许吧。

Maybe.

我的意思是，我总是愿意尝试新东西，但我更爱一款优质的伦敦干金酒。

I mean, I'm always hip to try something, but I'd love a good high quality London dry gin.

这才是我的最爱。

That's my jam.

当然。

Sure.

我的意思是，我同意你的看法。

I mean, I'm I'm with you.

最近我更喜欢那些植物风味更浓郁的了，比以前更偏爱这种。

I just like the more botanical ones these days than I used to.

植物风味？

The botanical?

那些极简主义的。

The puritanical ones.

那些完全不含酒精的。

The ones that don't have any alcohol at all.

在我们第一次休息之前，我们应该快速聊聊你是如何蒸馏的。

So I think we should quickly talk about, before we take our first break, about just how you distill it.

因为有几种方法，之后我们再休息。

Because there's a couple of ways, and then we'll take our break.

第一种是浸泡法，就像你泡茶一样，本质上是一回事。

But the first way is steeping, and that is, you know, you steep tea and it's the same thing basically.

你把基酒加热，让它慢煮，然后把那些植物材料直接放进去，让精油释放出来。

You have your base spirit heating up and it simmers, and then you have those botanicals right in there and the oils are releasing.

是的

Mhmm.

而且香气完全渗透进去了。

And it's just infusing through the whole thing.

没错。

Exactly.

另一种方法是，你知道，艾米丽现在有个蒸馏器了。

The other way, and you know, Emily has a still now.

我真想进去试试看实际操作一下。

I'd love to maybe get in there and try some of this for real.

我还不知道呢。

I did not know that.

她是不是还随身带着汤米冲锋枪，穿着

Does she like carry a Tommy gun around and wear

一件花卉图案的外套？

a floral link for a coat?

不。

No.

她有一个铜制蒸馏器。

She's got a copper still.

她每周去一次佐治亚州的雅典采集草药，然后蒸馏草药来制作

She's she goes to Athens, Georgia once a week to harvest herbs and then distills herbs for

她的产品。

her products.

我知道这件事。

I did know that.

是的。

Yeah.

这非常酷。

It's very cool.

这太酷了。

That is super cool.

看到她在那里做这些事情真的很有趣。

It's a lot of fun to see her out there doing that stuff.

是的。

Yeah.

这很有趣。

That's neat.

另一种方法是蒸汽萃取，这就是金巴利所做的。

And then the other way is vapor infusion, and that is what Bombay Sapphire does.

当草本植物放在一个篮子里，悬挂在沸腾的酒精上方，蒸汽上升，通过这种蒸汽方式来萃取，我想。

And that is when you have the botanicals in a basket hanging above the boiling spirit and that vapor rises and it does it more through like that steam, I guess.

嗯。

Mhmm.

对。

Right.

所以你也可以将两种方法结合使用，就像圣乔治金酒的风土系列那样，他们用浸泡法处理大部分草本植物，然后用蒸汽法处理，比如道格拉斯冷杉和月桂叶。

So or you can combine the two, which is what another kind of Saint George gin terroir does, where they use the steeping method for most of the botanicals, and then they use the vapor method for, I think, like Douglas fir and bay laurel leaves.

所以就像是各种草本植物在浸泡，然后蒸汽再通过最后那两种方式挥发出来。

So it's it's got like kind of the tea of botanicals brewing and then just vaporizing through those other those last two.

太酷了。

So cool.

确实挺酷的。

It is pretty cool, actually.

好的。

Alright.

现在我们休息一下，稍后回来聊聊金酒的类型，这也会涉及一些历史，就在接下来。

Now we'll take a break and we'll come back and talk a little bit about the types of gin, which also entails some history right after this.

你知道罗尔德·达尔吗？他是《查理和巧克力工厂》《玛蒂尔达》和《好心眼儿巨人》的作者。

You know Roald Dahl, the writer who thought up Willy Wonka, Matilda, and the BFG.

但你知道他曾经也是一名间谍吗？

But did you know he was also a spy?

这是在他写故事之前的事吗？

Was this before he wrote his stories?

肯定是的。

It must have been.

我们的新播客系列《罗尔德·达尔的隐秘世界》，将带你踏上一段探索他非凡而争议重重人生中隐秘篇章的奇妙旅程。

Our new podcast series, the secret world of Roald Dahl, is a wild journey through the hidden chapters of his extraordinary controversial life.

他的工作 literally 是去勾引有权势的美国人的妻子。

His job was literally to seduce the wives of powerful Americans.

什么？

What?

而且他在这方面非常在行。

And he was really good at it.

你可能也不会相信。

You probably won't believe it either.

好吧。

Okay.

我觉得这不太可能。

I don't think that's true.

我跟你说真的。

I'm telling you.

我曾经是个间谍。

I was a spy.

你知道吗？达尔曾与罗斯福家族关系密切，跟哈里·杜鲁门一起打扑克，还和一位国会议员有过长期恋情。

Did you know Dahl got cozy with the Roosevelts, played poker with Harry Truman, and had a long affair with a congresswoman?

后来，他把才华带到了好莱坞，与沃尔特·迪士尼和阿尔弗雷德·希区柯克共事，之后还写了一部大获成功的007电影。

And then he took his talents to Hollywood, where he worked alongside Walt Disney and Alfred Hitchcock before writing a hit James Bond film.

这位秘密特工是怎么变成史上最成功的儿童文学作家的？

How did this secret agent wind up as the most successful children's author ever?

他隐秘的过去中，有哪些黑暗元素渗入了我们童年时读的故事里？

And what darkness from his covert past seeped into the stories we read as kids?

这个真实的故事，比他写过的任何情节都离奇。

The true story is stranger than anything he ever wrote.

在iHeartRadio应用、Apple Podcasts或你收听播客的任何平台，收听《罗尔德·达尔的隐秘世界》。

Listen to the secret world of Roald Dahl on the iHeartRadio app, Apple Podcasts, or wherever you get your podcasts.

你好。

Hi.

我是乔·温斯坦因，播客《灵性女儿》的主持人，我们在这里讨论占星术、出生星图以及如何活出最充满活力的人生。

This is Jo Winterstein, host of the spirit daughter podcast, where we talk about astrology, natal charts, and how to step into your most vibrant life.

我刚刚和一个迷你驾驶员坐了下来。

And I just sat down with a mini driver.

爱尔兰旅行者说，当

The Irish traveler said when

我16岁的时候，你会

I was 16, you're gonna

在男人身上经历一段艰难的时光。

have a terrible time with men.

演员、故事讲述者，以及毫不掩饰的水瓶座愿景家。

Actor, storyteller, and unapologetic Aquarian visionary.

水瓶座完全代表着热爱自由和不同的视角。

Aquarius is all about freedom loving and different perspectives.

我发现

And I find a

很多水瓶座能量强烈的人，常常被误解。

lot of people with strong placements in Aquarius, like, are misunderstood.

她的第七宫有太阳和金星落在水瓶座，这激发了她对亲密关系的非传统态度。

A sun and Venus in Aquarius in her seventh house spark her unconventional approach to partnership.

他真的教会了我接纳人们睡在不同的房间、不同的房子、不同的地方，只是全然接纳一切本来的样子。

He really has taught me to embrace people sleeping in different rooms, on different houses, in different places, but just an embracing of the isness of it all.

如果你正在经历自己的蜕变，或者只是想从旁观者的视角了解一位顶尖艺术家如何将占星、创意与现实生活融合，这一集绝对不容错过。

You're navigating your own transformation or just want a chart side view into how a leading artist integrates astrology, creativity, and real life, this episode is a must listen.

从2月24日起，在iHeartRadio应用、Apple播客或你常用的播客平台收听《Spirit Daughter》播客。

Listen to the spirit daughter podcast starting on February 24 on the iHeartRadio app, Apple podcast, or wherever you listen to your podcast.

我是贝利·泰勒，这是《It Girl》。

I'm Bailey Taylor, and this is it girl.

你可能通过我多年来在纽约街头拍摄的《It Girl》系列认识我。

You may know me from my it girl series I've done on the streets of New York over the years.

好吧，我有个好消息。

Well, I've got good news.

我会把这些采访以及更多内容带到这个播客中。

I am bringing those interviews and many more to this podcast.

是的，我们会谈论风格和成功，但也会探讨压力、期望，以及当下塑造文化女性所面临的真正挑战。

Yes, we will talk about the style and the success, but we are also talking about the pressure, the expectations, and the real work with the women shaping culture right now.

作为一名行业中的女性，你总是被低估。

As a woman in the industry, you're always underestimated.

所以你必须付出更多努力，并以不违背自我和原则的方式推动叙事。

So you have to work extra hard, and you have to push the narrative in a way that doesn't compromise who you are and your integrity.

你知道，我喜欢说自己有点像一个沉默的忍者。

You know, I like to say I was kind of like a silent ninja.

每周，我都会与女性创业者、创意人士和领导者进行无过滤的对话，探讨抱负、可见性，以及在公众视野中打造有意义事业的真实代价。

Each week, I have unfiltered conversations with female founders, creatives, and leaders to talk about ambition, visibility, and what it really takes to build something meaningful in the public eye.

因为成为一个'It Girl'并不关乎聚光灯，而在于掌控它。

Because being an It Girl isn't about the spotlight, it's about owning it.

我认为这些负面情况需要被讨论，并且要让那些并非每天都在做这件事的人了解真相。

I think the negatives need to be discussed and they need to be told to people who maybe don't do this every day

嗯哼。

Mhmm.

以便他们知道真正发生的事情。

Just so they know what's really going on.

我觉得揭开帷幕很重要。

I feel like pulling the curtain back is important.

在 iHeartRadio 应用、Apple 播客或你收听播客的任何平台收听《It Girl》与贝利·泰勒的对话。

Listen to It Girl with Bailey Taylor on the iHeartRadio app, Apple Podcasts or wherever you get your podcasts.

好的。

Okay.

我们休息过了。

We've taken our break.

我们吃了点小三明治。

We had our little half sandwiches.

嗯。

Mhmm.

我们现在准备聊聊你。

And we're ready to talk about you.

我真不敢相信你到现在还把面包边切掉。

I can't believe you still cut the crust off.

作为一个爷爷，这还挺有意思的。

It's very interesting for a grandpa.

我只是觉得面包边总是有点发硬的味道，我不太喜欢。

Well, I just think it's a little it always has like a I guess, a crusty taste to it that I'm not fond of.

嘿，我一直觉得，如果他们不叫它‘面包边’，孩子们可能会吃。

Hey, I've always maintained if they didn't call it crust, kids might eat it.

你觉得呢？

Do you think?

是的。

Yeah.

我觉得如果你说，你知道的，你想要面包上留着魔法指环吗？

I think if you said, you know, the do you want the magic ring left on your bread?

我觉得孩子们可能会有完全不同的看法。

I think kids would probably have a whole different view.

但如果你说，你想要面包边吗？

But if you say, do you want the crust?

我不同意。

I disagree.

我觉得现在‘魔法指环’这个词听起来会很奇怪。

I think that magic ring would be a a gross term now.

就像在说，看那个满身魔法指环的老头。

Be like, look at that magic ringy old guy.

他一直盯着我们。

He keeps staring at us.

我们就直接用乔什·克拉克最钟爱的魔法词吧。

We'll just insert Josh Clark's magic word of choice.

魔法皮皮的

Magic ringy.

是的

Yeah.

我的意思是，根本不必用‘魔法’这个词。

I mean, doesn't even have to use the word magic.

但你会用什么词来形容让小孩觉得更吸引人的面包边呢？

But what would you call crust that sounds better to a kid?

我说的是，不管你叫它什么，我觉得它都会和恶心的东西联系在一起。

I'm saying no matter what you called it, I think it would become synonymous with something gross.

我知道。

I know.

但我是在请你接受并延续这个想法。

But I'm asking you to yes and this.

好吧。

Fine.

我们来看看。

Let's see.

肯定式回应不是我的强项。

Yes and is not my strong suit.

我 improv 没通过。

I failed out of improv.

你的风格更像是否定但。

Yours is more no but.

对。

Right.

不。

No.

没有‘但’的‘不’就是不。

There's no but is no.

这就是为什么你是彩虹戒指。

Here's The why you're the rainbow ring.

好的。

Okay.

太好了。

Great.

彩虹圈。

The rainbow circle.

我喜欢这个。

I love it.

我不喜欢这个。

I don't like it.

我会回去把这部分删掉。

I'll go back and edit this part out.

好吧。

Alright.

那我们来聊聊金酒。

So let's talk about gin.

我们已经讨论过，依我看来，真正的金酒必须用这些植物成分进行蒸馏。

We already talked about the fact that it has to be, if you ask me, really distilled with these botanicals to be real gin.

对。

Right.

否则，如果叫它调味伏特加，那可是个不好的说法。

Otherwise, flavored vodka, that name is can come up and that's a dirty word.

是的。

Yes.

但像伦敦干金酒这种蒸馏酒，一些大品牌，比如贝菲特、金酒和坦克雷，或者那些经典的伦敦干金酒。

But distilled London dry gin, some of the big big cats, Beefeater and Gordons and Tanker Ray, or some of those those big daddy London dries.

正如我所说，我是普利茅斯派的。

Like I said, I'm a Plymouth guy.

我也喜欢普利茅斯。

I like Plymouth too.

对。

Yeah.

嗯嗯。

Mhmm.

但这些并不甜。

But these are not sweet.

这就是为什么它们被称为干金酒。

That's why they're called dry gins.

对。

Right.

甜金酒有着悠久的历史，实际上它们比金酒的出现早了很多年。

Sweet gins are have a long history and they actually predate gin for for by many many years.

但大多数人想到金酒时，想到的是伦敦干金酒。

But the London dry gin is what most people think of when they when they think of gin.

伦敦干金酒实际上是更广泛类别——蒸馏金酒的一个子类。

And a London dry gin is actually a subcategory of a larger category, which is distilled gin.

你有金酒，本质上就是调味伏特加，你完全可以把任何风味加入这种中性酒精中。

You got gin, which is basically flavored vodkas, which you could literally put any flavor into this neutral spirit Mhmm.

然后称之为金酒。

And call it gin.

蒸馏金酒意味着它经历了我们之前提到的工艺。

Distilled gin means it went through that process like we described before the break.

伦敦干金酒就是其中之一。

And London Dry is one of those.

没错。

That's right.

对吧？

Right?

是的。

Uh-huh.

这基本上就是你刚才说的吗？

Is that basically what you just said?

是的。

Yeah.

我的意思是，我一直在听并跟着理解，但总觉得哪里不对劲。

I mean, was listening and following it, but it just seemed off.

哦，有意思。

Oh, interesting.

很高兴你把这一点澄清了。

Well, I'm glad you cleared that up.

对此我感到抱歉。

I'm sorry about that.

没关系。

That's alright.

接下来我们说到老汤姆金酒，它的名称来源有一段有趣的历史。

Then we get to Old Tom gin, and this has an interesting history of his etymology.

这个信息是我从Mark Veerthaller在talesofthecocktail.com上看到的。

And I got this from Mark Veerthaller at talesofthecocktail.com.

据说，'老汤姆'这个名字来源于酒馆外悬挂的招牌，形状像一只老猫的头。

Apparently, the name Old Tom comes from these plaques that hung outside of pubs that look like there there was like the shape of an old Tomcat's head.

嗯哼。

Mhmm.

你听听这个，这太惊人了。

And get this, and this is amazing.

据说在伦敦，如果你在窗户上挂了这样的标志，嗯哼。

Apparently, in London, if you had this sign hanging up in the window Mhmm.

在猫爪下面有一个投币口，连着一根铅管和一个漏斗，你可以在英格兰的街上走，往投币口里丢一枚硬币，就能喝到一口金酒。

Underneath the cat's paw was a slot and a lead pipe attached to a funnel, and you could go down the street in England and drop a coin in the slot and get a shot of gin in your mouth.

是的。

Yeah.

从猫爪下面。

From under the cat's paw.

太神奇了。

Amazing.

我也见过。

I saw that too.

我了解到，查克，这件事起源于一个叫达德利·布拉德斯特里特船长的人。

I saw that it originated, Chuck, with this guy named Captain Dudley Bradstreet.

他之所以开始这么做，是因为当时有一项法律规定，举报人必须知道出售非法杜松子酒的人的名字，警方才能获得搜查地点的合理依据。

And the whole reason he started doing this was because there was a law that said that the informant had to know the name of the person who was selling the illegal gin for the cops to have probable cause to raid a place.

哦，有意思。

Oh, interesting.

于是他把自己关在一所房子里，位于一条叫蓝锚巷的小巷里，以这种方式匿名出售杜松子酒。

So he holed himself up in this house, on this one alley, Blue Anchor Alley, and started selling gin that way anonymously.

因为没人知道是谁在卖酒，警察根本无法突击搜查那个地方。

And because no one knew who was selling it, the cops could never raid the place.

哇。

Wow.

但确实，它是在一只旧雕像或招牌的爪子下面，像一只老猫的爪子。

But yeah, it was under the paw of old like a a statue or a sign or something of an old paw or an old Tomcat.

我太喜欢了。

I love it.

我也是，老兄。

I do too, man.

老汤姆消失了。

Old Tom went away.

它甜得多。

It was very much sweeter.

那时候他们用了很多糖和香料，因为基酒本身的口感不太好。

That was when they were using sugar and a lot of botanicals because the the base spirit wasn't that great taste wise.

嗯。

Mhmm.

所以他们加了很多糖和其他东西。

So they loaded it up with sugar and this other stuff.

禁酒令基本上让老汤姆金酒消失了很长一段时间。

And prohibition basically killed old Tom gin for a long time.

嗯。

Mhmm.

等人们意识到禁酒令已经结束时，他们对这种酒已经没什么兴趣了。

By the time people started, you know, prohibition was over, they didn't really have a taste for it anymore.

不过近年来，它有了一定的复兴。

And it has it has made a comeback in recent years though.

稍微复兴了一点。

A bit of a comeback.

如果你有兴趣尝试，应该从兰森的旧汤金酒开始。

You if you are interested in trying, you should start with Ransom's Old Tom Gin.

是的。

Yeah.

这酒真是太棒了。

It's just beautiful stuff.

它好吗？

Is it good?

嗯。

Mhmm.

那海军强度的杜松子酒呢？

What about navy strength gin?

我超爱这个。

I love that stuff.

你喝过这个吗？

Have you ever had that?

没有。

No.

其实我不确定我有没有喝过。

I don't know if I have or not actually.

这玩意儿能让你瞎。

It will make you blind.

哦，真的吗？

Oh, really?

同样的酒量，第二天的宿醉明显更严重。

Like, your hangover is noticeably worse the next day for the same amount of booze.

那什么是品牌呢？

It's just What's a brand?

更烈的酒。

Stronger stuff.

我觉得是Anchor。

I think Anchor.

我相信Anchor生产一种海军强度的金酒。

I believe Anchor makes a navy strength gin.

这说得通。

That would make sense.

我几乎可以肯定我喝过的是这个牌子的。

I'm almost positive that's whose I've had.

但它就是更高的酒精度。

But it's it's just like this higher proof.

我觉得金酒的酒精度最低可以到37.5度左右。

I think like gin can be as low as like 37 and a half Mhmm.

百分比，而海军强度至少是50%。

Percent, and navy strength is at least 5050%.

好的。

Okay.

它的口感有明显的区别。

And there's just a noticeable difference in it.

味道嘛，你知道的，并没有太大的不同。

And the taste is it's, you know, it's not terribly much different.

只是它的烈度更高。

It's just the potency of it.

但它

But it's

明白了。

Gotcha.

据我所知，它的名字源于一个相当精彩的小传说。

It it got its name from a pretty great little legend from what I understand.

是的。

Yeah.

这是海军的。

That's in the navy.

海军官兵非常喜欢杜松子酒，他们确实会获得杜松子酒配给。

They they loved them some gin in the navy, and they actually got gin rations.

因此，水手们会测试酒的浓度，看看它是否够烈，还是被稀释了，他们会滴一点酒在少量火药上，然后点燃。

And so sailors would test it out to see if it was, you know, up to snuff or if it was watered down, and they would drizzle it over a little pinch of gunpowder and then light it.

如果能点燃，那就是海军强度。

And if it lit, then it was navy strength.

没错。

Yep.

我喜欢这个。

I love it.

而且这并不是什么法定分类，对吧？

And I don't it's not like a legal classification or anything, is it?

这只不过是一种

It's just kind of like a

据说海军强度金酒的酒精度至少为57.1%。

Well, it says it says Navy strength gin is at least 57.1%.

所以这让他们

So that leads them

我不

I don't

不知道欧盟有没有相关法律，还是这只是个行业标准。

know if there's a law in the EU or if that's just a sort of a standard.

但至少，这个名字就是这么来的。

But that's that's where the name came from at least.

是的。

Yeah.

对。

Yeah.

而且这是很烈的酒。

And it's potent stuff.

那Gineever呢？

What about Gineever?

这基本上是金酒的前身。

So that is basically like the predecessor of gin.

对吧？

Right?

我的意思是，这种荷兰饮品最初就是让人喝醉的？

I mean, the this Dutch drink that was first drunk to for people to get drunk off of?

是的。

Yeah.

它主要是用麦芽酒制成的。

That's made more out of a malt wine.

我觉得麦芽酒占15%到50%。

I think 15 to 50% malt wine.

嗯。

Mhmm.

所以它有点像威士忌的麦芽风味，但又带有金酒的植物香气。

And so it, you know, it can kinda it's sort of like the maltiness of a whiskey, but the botanicals of a gin.

我一直听说老汤姆金酒和日内瓦金酒非常相似。

I think I've always heard that Old Tom and Geneva are a lot alike.

真的吗？

Oh, really?

是的。

Yeah.

它们很相似。

They bear a resemblance.

哦，有意思。

Oh, interesting.

但就金酒的历史而言，日内瓦是个不错的起点。

But so Geneva is like a pretty good place to start as far as this history of gin goes.

因为就像我之前说的，它是一种原始的金酒，可以说是现代我们所理解的金酒的直接前身。

Because it was like I was saying, like a a proto gin, like one of the first I guess the direct predecessor of gin as we understand it today.

但再往前追溯，金酒的核心成分——杜松子

But even further back than that, that essential component of gin, the juniper berry

嗯。

Mhmm.

至少从七十年代起就被使用了。

Has been used at least since the seventies.

不是指二十世纪七十年代。

And not the nineteen seventies.

我是说纯粹的公元七十年代。

I mean, just the straight up seventies.

老普林尼在公元76年或77年留下过一个配方，是的。

There's a recipe from Pliny the Elder from '76 or '77 Yeah.

那个配方中使用了杜松子，人们只需将白葡萄酒与杜松子一起煮沸，然后饮用，它被认为是一种疗效药，而且很可能让人喝得酩酊大醉。

CE that used juniper berries, and you just were supposed to boil some white wine with juniper berries, and then drink it, and it was a curative, and probably got you pretty drunk.

然后我想到这一点。

And then I I thought about this.

这距离他死于维苏威火山喷发大约两年前。

This was like two years before he died in in the eruption of Vesuvius.

哦，有意思。

Oh, interesting.

这不是很奇怪吗？

Isn't that weird?

有点令人不寒而栗吧？

Kinda chilling?

至少他在生命的最后几年过得还不错。

Well, at least he had a nice couple of years there at the end.

他确实过得不错。

He definitely did.

单词 'ginever'（拼写为 g-e-n-e-v-e-r）实际上是荷兰语中对杜松子的称呼。

The the word ginever, g e n e v e r, is actually Dutch for juniper.

是的。

Mhmm.

而且它确实起源于荷兰。

And it is it does come hail from Holland.

而且在十三和十四世纪，当时人们用草药作为药物。

And apparently in the thirteenth and fourteenth centuries, these and this was when people were using herbs as medicine.

是的。

Mhmm.

他们，你知道，今天当然还在这么做。

They, you know, obviously still do that today.

艾米莉就是在做这个。

That's what Emily's doing.

但当时的药剂师们在试验各种具有疗效的草药和药剂，杜松子绝对是其中之一。

But apothecaries there were experimenting with all kinds of curative herbs and medical tonics and stuff like that, and Juniper was definitely in that category.

对。

Right.

但日内瓦的转折点在于，他们说：哇，干脆直接喝醉吧。

But where Geneva took a right turn was they said, wow, let's just get drunk.

这与其说是一种包治百病的良药，不如说它或许能治一些小毛病。

And like, it's not so much a a cure all, but I mean, maybe maybe it cures some things.

但它本质上是一种为了喝醉而饮用的酒。

But it was a it was a drink that you drank to get drunk.

它就像是那种……

It was like the yeah.

我认为，这是欧洲最早出现的、人们广泛饮用的烈性酒。

The first spirit out of, I believe out of Europe for that people drank.

我的意思是，之前人们当然喝啤酒和葡萄酒，但杜松子酒像是第一种真正被大众广泛饮用的烈酒。

I mean, had beer and wine and everything before, but Geneva was like this that like the the first hard liquor, I think, that people really drank.

而且，就像你所说的，它是一种麦芽酒。

And like you said, was a malted wine.

对吧？

Right?

是的。

Yeah.

那是基底。

That's the base.

听起来像是你在便利店买的东西。

Which sounds like something you buy in a convenience store.

是的。

Yeah.

然后像麦芽酒一样，从纸袋里喝。

And drink out of a paper bag like malted wine.

但他们通常会加糖，还加入了杜松子，这就是为什么很多人说它是金酒的直接前身。

But they would add like sugar to it and it had juniper, which is why a lot of people say this is the direct predecessor gin.

英国人就是通过杜松子酒接触到金酒的。

And it was how The UK was introduced to gin, was Geneva.

因为我觉得大概是十五世纪左右？

Because I think in the fifteenth century maybe, something like that?

十六世纪。

Sixteenth.

十六世纪，伊丽莎白一世派了一些皇家士兵前往荷兰，与荷兰人并肩作战，支持他们争取独立。

The sixteenth century, Queen Elizabeth the first sent some of her royal soldiers to The Netherlands to fight alongside the Dutch when they were fighting for independence.

荷兰人说：‘伙计，喝几口这种日内瓦酒，你就能跟任何人打。’

And the Dutch said, hey, man, take a couple shots of this Geneva and you'll you'll fight anybody.

你一点都不会害怕。

You won't be scared at all.

英国人非常喜欢这种感觉。

And the English liked that a lot.

于是他们把这种日内瓦酒带了回去，或者至少带回了对它的口味偏好。

And so they brought Geneva back with them or a taste for it at least.

后来，‘日内瓦’这个词被缩短为‘Gin’。

And Geneva eventually got shortened to Gin.

我们就是从这里得到‘gin’这个词的。

That's where we got the word gin from.

没错。

That's right.

大约一百年后，英荷战争结束，人们终于可以合法地以桶为单位进口杜松子酒。

And about close to a hundred years later, the end of the Anglo Dutch war meant you could actually import it legally by the barrel.

当时这些地方被称为‘烈性水铺’。

And they were called strong water shops.

伦敦早期的酒类商店就叫这个名字。

It was the early liquor stores in London were called.

我喜欢这个说法。

I love that.

是的。

Yeah.

我敢肯定，美国一定也有地方沿用了这个称呼。

I'm super I bet I'm sure there are places in America where they have ganked that title.

哦，对。

Oh, yeah.

他们还戴臂箍。

And they also wear arm garters.

很可能。

Probably so.

我很高兴你教了我这个词，因为我一直只是叫它那些老式的臂带。

I'm so glad you taught me that word because I've always just called it, you know, those like old timey armbands.

它从来都没有那么有冲击力。

It never had quite the punch.

是的。

Yeah.

臂箍。

Arm garters.

英国第一家金酒蒸馏厂在普利茅斯。

The the first gin distillery in Britain, in Plymouth.

对吧？

Right?

好的。

Okay.

我在这上面费了好大劲才弄明白。

I'm I had a lot of trouble figuring this one out.

我看到在1840年，布斯是第一家

I saw that in 1840, Booth's was the first

哦，真的吗？

Oh, really?

杜松子酒蒸馏商。

Gin distiller.

好的。

Okay.

但那个普利茅斯的，等等。

But and that the Plymouth one was oh, wait.

也许那是十八世纪的事了。

Maybe that was like the seventeen hundreds.

我不确定。

I'm not sure.

在我们讨论的这个时期，杜松子酒蒸馏厂曾出现过一波设立热潮。

There there was a a big rush to to establishing gin distilleries in this period that we're talking about.

好的。

Alright.

实际上，我也不知道普利茅斯那家的准确时间。

Well, I don't I don't have a date for the Plymouth one actually.

你说话的时候我查一下。

Let me look it up while you're talking.

好的。

Alright.

那我们跳到杜松子酒狂热时期吧，因为根据不同的说法，杜松子酒在17世纪的英格兰就像是今天的海洛因。

Well, let's flash forward then to the gin craze because gin, depending on who you're asking, was the the crack of the sixteen hundreds in England.

荷兰的新教国王威廉三世在光荣革命期间登上英国王位，当时人们饮用的是日内瓦酒，王室成员也非常喜爱它。

William of Orange, Protestant King of The Netherlands, went to assume the throne of Great Britain during the Glorious Revolution, and they were drinking that Geneva, and they loved it as royalty.

但工人阶级买不起这种东西，于是他们开始自己制作劣质酒精，比如浴缸金酒。

But the the working class could not afford this stuff, so they started making their own rotgut like bathtub gin.

对。

Right.

而且，浴缸金酒并不是酿造出来的，也不是蒸馏出来的。

And apparently, bathtub gin is it is not brewed or not brewed.

它并不是在浴缸里蒸馏的。

It's not distilled in a bathtub.

它可以在浴缸里与香料混合。

It can be mixed with botanicals in a bathtub.

但据我所知，它被称为浴缸金酒的主要原因是：为了加水稀释并加满，你根本没法把酒瓶放进水槽里。

But from what I saw, the main reason it's called bathtub gin is because to water it down and top it off with water, you couldn't fit it in a these bottles in a sink.

所以你只能在浴缸里操作。

So you had to do that in a bathtub.

哦，原来如此。

Oh, okay.

但我觉得他们也在混合各种植物材料之类的东西。

But I think they were mixing up botanicals and stuff too.

但无论如何，这种劣质杜松子酒在17世纪初出现，到了18世纪中期，英国已经全面陷入杜松子酒危机。

But at any rate, this rot gut gin in seventeen in the early seventeen hundreds, and by the mid seventeen hundreds, there was a full on gin problem in The UK.

是的。

Yeah.

这被称为杜松子酒狂热。

It was called the gin craze.

尤其是如果你读读当时反对它的言论、报纸社论，以及关于因杜松子酒而引发的堕落行为的故事。

And like, especially if you read like kind of the the tracks railing against it at the time, and newspaper editorials, and and stories about just the depravity that was going on because of gin.

嗯。

Mhmm.

整个国家都彻底沉迷于杜松子酒，而且不是什么好酒，甚至不是日内瓦酒。

Like the whole country was just totally off its rocker on gin, and not even like good gin or even Geneva.

就是你提到的那种劣质自制酒，他们会添加松节油之类的东西来赋予它松木味，因为他们没有杜松子。

This this bathtub rocket stuff that you were talking about, where they would add things like turpentine to give it a piney flavor because they didn't have juniper berries.

嗯。

Mhmm.

他们会添加硫酸，让酒产生一种应有的辛辣余味。

They would add sulfuric acid to give it a a hot aftertaste like it was supposed to have.

真是非常非常糟糕的东西。

Just really really bad stuff.

这让人变得疯狂。

And it was making people crazy.

还有关于母亲的传闻，有一位名叫朱迪思·杜福尔的女性，为了卖女儿的衣服买酒，竟杀死了自己的女儿。

And there were there were stories about mothers who there's a woman named Judith Dufour who killed her own daughter so that she could sell her clothes to buy more gin.

或者父母把孩子卖为奴隶，只为买更多的杜松子酒。

Or parents like selling their kids into slavery to buy more gin.

人们沦为性工作者，只是为了赚到买酒的钱。

You know, people turning into sex workers just to get gin money.

据说，就像你所说的，这就像二十世纪八九十年代美国的快克可卡因危机，当时的反应也如出一辙，只不过这是十八世纪早期的杜松子酒危机。

And just supposedly, it was like you said, was just like like the crack epidemic and the same kind of response to it as well here in The United States, but this is gin back in the early eighteenth century.

是的。

Yeah.

而且确实，当时存在一个杜松子酒问题。

And and for sure, there was a gin problem.

现在，历史学家回过头来看，他们说：你知道吗？

Now, historians look back a little bit and they're like, you know what?

这些文章和评论文章都是由英国上层阶级撰写的，他们基本上痴迷于认为英国人的品格被这些杜松子酒饮用者玷污和拖入泥潭。

These articles were written and these op eds were written by the upper class in Britain, and they had basically an obsession with the the English character being degraded and dragged through the mud by these gin drunks.

所以要对此持保留态度。

So take it with a grain of salt.

确实存在杜松子酒问题，但他们基本上是在探讨是先有鸡还是先有蛋的问题。

There for sure was a gin problem, but they're basically like, is is a chicken or an egg thing going on?

对。

Right.

因为当时伦敦的城市化正在迅猛发展，这场杜松子酒狂热是贫困的结果，还是导致贫困的原因？

Because they're like urbanization is going rampant in London at the time, and was the gin craze a product of this poverty or the cause of it?

而且是的。

And Yeah.

根据各种说法，如今看来，它似乎确实是其产物。

By all accounts these days, it looks like it was sort of a product of it.

我看到至少有两起因饮用这种杜松子酒而引发的自发性人体燃烧的记录案例。

I saw that there were at least two documented cases of spontaneous human combustion

哦，真的吗？

Oh, really?

是喝这种杜松子酒导致的。

From drinking this gin.

哇。

Wow.

这不疯狂吗？

Ain't that crazy?

是的。

Yeah.

这是一种烈性杜松子酒。

It's some hardcore gin.

天哪。

Jeez.

在大约二十二年的时间里，议会通过了八项不同的杜松子酒法案。

There were eight different gin acts from parliament over about a twenty two year period.

基本上，我的意思是，它们的内容各不相同，但其中一项重要内容是：你们不能再往这种酒里添加硫酸然后出售了。

Basically, I mean, they said different things, but one of the big ones was, hey, you can't put these you can't put sulfuric acid in this stuff and sell it anymore.

对。

Right.

而且，通过这八项法案逐步出台的这些渐进式法律，使得获得销售杜松子酒的许可证变得极其昂贵，进口中性酒精的成本也大幅上升。

And little by little, these incremental laws over these eight acts, like, made it really expensive to have a license to sell gin, really expensive to import neutral spirits.

这基本上导致了除非你拥有大型蒸馏厂和成熟的酒馆，否则无法合法参与杜松子酒的销售或生产。

And just basically made it so that unless you owned a large distillery and an established like tavern, you could not legally engage in in selling or producing gin.

在杜松子酒行业？

In ginnery?

是的

Yeah.

我想法案里就是这么写的。

I think that's what it said in the act.

在杜松子酒行业？

In ginnery?

对。

Yes.

你不可参与任何形式的杜松子酒行业。

Thou shalt not partake in ginnery of any kind.

对。

Right.

好的。

Okay.

所以，尤其是如果你的名字叫我的可卡因。

So especially if your name is my cocaine.

哦，你终于做到了。

Oh, you finally did it.

我做了吗？我有做吗？

I don't did I do it?

如果我做了，也是无意的。

If I did, was accidental.

没有。

No.

你没做。

You didn't.

好吧。

Okay.

但在这些法案实施过程中，只留下了像布斯、普利茅斯这样的少数几家大型蒸馏厂。

So but over the course of these acts, it left just like these handful of huge distilleries like Booth's, Plymouth.

顺便说一下，普利茅斯是第一家。

Plymouth, by the way, was the first.

那是在十八世纪末。

It was in the late eighteenth century.

哦，不错。

Oh, nice.

还有其他几家，比如布特尔可能那时候也存在，但所有小型蒸馏厂都因为法律而消失了。

And a couple others, think, Bootle's might have been around by then, but all the small distilleries went away just by law.

所以当我们现在正在经历的这种手工酿造革命传到英国时，嗯。

And so when this artisanal revolution that we're currently going in that's going on now Mhmm.

一家叫Sipsmiths的公司打算自己开一家，结果发现法律上这是200年前就禁止的了。

Swept over to England, this this company called Sipsmiths went to go start their own, and they found out that they couldn't by law, that was 200 years old.

于是他们不得不游说，最终成为过去两百年来第一家获得许可在英国生产小批量金酒的公司。

So they had to lobby, and they were the first company in two hundred years to get a license to brews or distill small batch gin in England.

太惊人了。

Amazing.

这都是因为那些金酒法案。

Because of those gin acts.

这真是太棒了。

That's pretty great.

我也这么觉得。

I think so too.

好的。

Alright.

好吧，我们稍作休息一下，休息完再继续聊聊金酒。

Well, let's take another little break here, and we'll talk more about gin right after this.

你知道罗尔德·达尔吗？他是《查理和巧克力工厂》《玛蒂尔达》和《好心眼儿巨人》的作者。

You know Roald Dahl, the writer who thought up Willy Wonka, Matilda, and the BFG.

但你知道他曾经也是一名间谍吗？

But did you know he was also a spy?

这是在他写故事之前吗？

Was this before he wrote his stories?

肯定是的。

It must have been.

我们的新播客系列《罗尔德·达尔的隐秘世界》，将带你踏上一段探索他非凡而争议重重人生中隐藏篇章的奇妙旅程。

Our new podcast series, the secret world of Roald Dahl, is a wild journey through the hidden chapters of his extraordinary controversial life.

他的工作就是真正地去勾引那些有权势的美国人的妻子。

His job was literally to seduce the wives of powerful Americans.

什么？

What?

而且他在这方面非常在行。

And he was really good at it.

你可能也不会相信。

You probably won't believe it either.

好吧。

Okay.

我觉得这不太可能。

I don't think that's true.

我跟你说真的。

I'm telling you.

我是个间谍。

I was a spy.

你知道吗，达尔曾与罗斯福家族关系密切，跟哈里·杜鲁门一起打扑克，还和一位国会议员有过长期恋情？

Did you know Dahl got cozy with the Roosevelts, played poker with Harry Truman, and had a long affair with a congresswoman?

后来他把才华带到了好莱坞，与沃尔特·迪士尼和阿尔弗雷德·希区柯克共事，之后还写了一部大热的007电影。

And then he took his talents to Hollywood where he worked alongside Walt Disney and Alfred Hitchcock before writing a hit James Bond film.

这位秘密特工是怎么变成有史以来最成功的儿童文学作家的？

How did this secret agent wind up as the most successful children's author ever?

他隐秘的过去中，有哪些黑暗元素渗透进了我们童年时读的故事里？

And what darkness from his covert past seeped into the stories we read as kids?

这个真实的故事比他写过的任何情节都离奇。

The true story is stranger than anything he ever wrote.

在iHeartRadio应用、Apple Podcasts或你收听播客的任何平台收听《罗尔德·达尔的隐秘世界》。

Listen to the secret world of Roald Dahl on the iHeartRadio app, Apple Podcasts, or wherever you get your podcasts.

嗨。

Hi.

我是乔·温斯坦斯坦，播客《灵性女儿》的主持人，我们在这里讨论占星术、星盘以及如何活出最充满活力的人生。

This is Jo Winterstein, host of the spirit daughter podcast, where we talk about astrology, natal charts, and how to step into your most vibrant life.

我刚刚和一个迷你球杆坐了下来。

And I just sat down with a mini driver.

爱尔兰旅行者说，当

The Irish traveler said when

我16岁的时候，你会

I was 16, you're gonna

在男人身上经历一段艰难的时光。

have a terrible time with men.

演员、故事讲述者，以及毫不掩饰的水瓶座先知。

Actor, storyteller, and unapologetic Aquarian visionary.

水瓶座崇尚自由和不同的视角。

Aquarius is all about freedom loving and different perspectives.

我发现很多人

And I find a lot of people

拥有强烈水瓶座位置的人，常常被误解。

with strong placements in Aquarius, like, are misunderstood.

她的第七宫有太阳和金星落在水瓶座，这激发了她非传统的

A sun and Venus in Aquarius in her seventh house spark her unconventional

伴侣关系方式。

approach to partnership.

他真的教会了我接纳人们睡在不同的房间、不同的房子、不同的地方，只是全然接纳这一切的存在。

He really has taught me to embrace people sleeping in different rooms, on different houses, in different places, but just an embracing of the isness of it all.

如果你正在经历自己的转变，或者只是想从一个领先艺术家的角度，了解她如何将占星、创意与现实生活融合，这一集绝对不容错过。

If you're navigating your own transformation or just want a chart side view into how a leading artist integrates astrology, creativity, and real life, this episode is a must listen.

从2月24日起，在iHeartRadio应用、Apple播客或你收听播客的任何平台收听《Spirit Daughter》播客。

Listen to the spirit daughter podcast starting on February 24 on the iHeartRadio app, Apple Podcasts, or wherever you listen to your podcast.

为什么超过十年都没有女性正式参加过一级方程式赛车周末？

Why hasn't a woman formally participated in a Formula One race weekend in over a decade?

想想她们在如此年轻的时候就必须掌握多少技能。

Think about how many skills they have to develop at such a young age.

每年突然涌现这么多F1爱情小说，我们能从中学会什么？

What can we learn from all of the new f one romance novels suddenly popping up every year?

他身上仍散发着领奖台香槟和昂贵的摩擦气息。

He still smelled of podium champagne and expensive friction.

2023年被称为‘Waggeddon’的活动是如何永久改变围场的？

And how did a 2023 event called Waggeddon change the paddock forever?

那一天深深烙印在

That day is just seared into

我的记忆里。

my memory.

我是文化记者兼F1专家莉莉·赫尔曼，这些只是我在《No Grip》这档F1文化播客中探讨的一些问题，该播客深入挖掘这项运动中鲜为人知的角落。

I'm culture writer and f one expert, Lily Herman, and these are just a few of the questions I'm tackling on No Grip, a Formula One culture podcast that dives into the underexplored pockets of the sport.

在每一集中，我都会与不同的嘉宾一起深入探讨那些让F1在过去七十多年里成为一场迷人、奢靡又混乱不堪的赛事的古怪事故、丑闻和故事，无论是在赛道上还是远离赛道的地方。

In each episode, a different guest and I will go deeper into the wacky mishaps, scandals, and sagas, both on the track and far away from it, that have made f one a delightful, decadent dumpster fire for more than seventy five years.

在iHeartRadio应用、Apple Podcasts或您收听播客的任何平台收听《No Grip》。

Listen to no grip on the iHeartRadio app, Apple Podcasts, or wherever you get your podcasts.

好的。

Alright.

所以到18世纪，杜松子酒依然非常流行。

So gin is going strong in the seventeen hundreds.

嗯。

Mhmm.

有些人可能会说这成了个问题。

Some might say it's a problem.

再快进到19世纪。

Flash forward to the eighteen hundreds.

嗯。

K.

1830年，连续蒸馏器被发明了。

1830, and the invention of the continuous still came about.

这可是个大事。

That's pretty big.

如果你来我家，你会看到下面的艾米丽，她没有那种设备。

If come you over to my house, you see Emily down there, she doesn't have it.

她用的是传统的铜制壶式蒸馏器。

She has a traditional copper pot still

嗯。

Mhmm.

这意味着你一次只能做一件事。

Which means that you you can do one thing at a time, basically.

你把发酵液煮沸，让酒精蒸发，最后收集蒸馏出的酒精，嗯。

You boil your mash and the alcohol, boil that off, you collect that distilled spirit in the end Mhmm.

但之后你又得从头再来一遍。

But then you gotta start all over again.

连续蒸馏器非常棒，但它的另一个缺点是酒精度会比较低。

The continuous still was a very and the other bad part about that is is your ABV is gonna be pretty low

对。

Right.