学校亟需重新设计。以下是方法 | 艾隆·萨穆哈

选择瑞银，您将拥有一个真正全球化的合作伙伴，我们融合新技术、创新方法和意外机遇。

With UBS, you have a truly global partner incorporating new technologies, innovative approaches, and unexpected opportunities.

引领您获得关键洞察，以激情、关怀和无与伦比的专业知识解答重要问题。

Leading you to insights that help answer the questions that matter, delivered with passion, care, and unmatched expertise.

因为我们深知每天都能与朝阳一同升起，意味着我们可以做得更好。

Because it's about rising with the dawn each day, knowing that we can do even better.

这就是我们眼中的银行业。

That's what banking is to us.

不仅是工作，更是一门技艺。

Not just work, but a craft.

瑞银集团。

UBS.

银行业是我们的专长技艺。

Banking is our craft.

需要提升您的英语沟通能力以应对全球商务或国际旅行吗？

Need to improve your English communication skills for global business or international travel?

每周五天跟随Lindsay、Michelle和Aubrey一起学习英语。

Learn English five days a week with Lindsay, Michelle, and Aubrey.

在《全神贯注学英语》播客中，涵盖闲谈、商务英语、语法等内容。

On the All Ears English podcast, small talk, business English, grammar, and more.

《全神贯注学英语》每月下载量达400万次。

All Ears English is downloaded 4,000,000 times per month.

快来加入我们吧。

So come join us.

现在打开搜索栏，输入“全神贯注学英语”并点击关注。

Open your search bar now and type in all ears English and hit follow.

您正在收听《TED每日演讲》，我们每天为您带来激发好奇心的新观点。

You're listening to TED Talks Daily where we bring you new ideas to spark your curiosity every day.

我是主持人Elise Hu。

I'm your host, Elise Hu.

可以说我们大多数人都希望孩子能接受良好教育。

It's probably safe to say most of us want our children to get a good education.

但在快速变化的世界中，优质教育究竟应该是怎样的？

But what does a good education actually look like in a rapidly changing world?

我女儿们接受的学校教育是否真正满足了她们的需求？

Is the schooling my daughters get preparing them in the ways they need?

在今天的演讲中，教育创新者艾兰·萨摩亚将带我们从布鲁克林到华盛顿特区，再到北达科他州的乡村，让我们一窥这场通过社区本位设计重新思考学习每个方面的运动——它将教室转变为让所有年轻人感到被关注、参与其中并准备好建设未来世界的地方。

In today's talk, education innovator Eilan Samoa takes us on a journey from Brooklyn to Washington DC to rural North Dakota, giving us a glimpse of a movement that's rethinking every aspect of learning through community based design, transforming classrooms into places where all young people feel seen, engaged, and ready to build the world ahead.

你从未见过这样的学校。

You've never seen a school like this.

在布鲁克林海军造船厂的中心，被起重机、初创公司和设计工作室环绕的环境中，年轻人不仅仅坐在教室里。

In the middle of the Brooklyn Navy Yard, surrounded by cranes, startups, design studios, young people aren't just sitting in classrooms.

他们正在为小企业创建数字营销活动，为真实房屋布线。

They're creating digital marketing campaigns for small businesses, wiring real houses.

沿着走廊，一位名叫娜塔莉亚的学生正在网络安全专家的指导下安全地进行网站渗透测试。

Down the hall, a student named Natalia is hacking websites safely with the guidance of cybersecurity pros.

这些学生是布鲁克林STEAM中心的一部分，这所公立高中看起来更像一个工程工作室而非传统教室。

These students are part of the Brooklyn STEAM Center, a public high school that looks and feels more like an engineering studio than a traditional classroom.

他们正在获得大学预备文凭和行业认证。

They're earning college ready diplomas and industry credentials.

他们在建立职业网络的同时，也在现实世界中发掘自己的所长。

They're building professional networks while discovering what they're good at in the real world.

这一切都不是偶然发生的。

And none of it happened by accident.

我领导着一个名为'超越'的学校设计组织。

I lead a school design organization called Transcend.

当我们开始与布鲁克林社区合作时，第一步并不是引入某个项目。

And when we began working with the Brooklyn community, our first step wasn't to bring in a program.

而是倾听。

It was to listen.

学生、家长、教育工作者和当地雇主都向我们表达了同样的心声。

Students, families, educators, local employers all told us the same thing.

我们想要真正与孩子们成长的世界相连的学习方式。

We want learning that actually connects to the world kids are growing into.

于是我们与学校创始人一起，整合了数十年的实践与研究，将职业关联学习、项目制学习与目标发展融为一体。

So with the school's founders, we stitched together decades of practice and research, career connected learning, project based learning, purpose development.

结果如何？

The result?

打造出了一种严谨、实用且引人入胜的学习体验。

A learning experience that's rigorous, relevant, and engaging.

不是关于死记硬背，而是解决实际问题。

Not about regurgitating content, but about solving real problems.

不是问'考试需要掌握什么'，而是思考'我能创造什么有价值的东西'。

Not what do I need to know for the test, but what can I build that matters?

当你亲眼所见时，会觉得这一切理所当然。

And when you see it, it feels obvious.

当然，学校本就该是这样。

Of course, school should be like this.

但如果这么显而易见，为何我还要站在这里向各位讲述这些呢？

But if it's so obvious, why am I on this stage telling you about it?

当大多数学生从未有机会以这种方式学习时，我们付出了什么代价？

And what does it cost us when most students never get to learn this way?

Transcend近期在全美调查了7万名学生。

Transcend recently surveyed 70,000 students across The US.

不到一半的学生表示他们热爱学校。

Less than half said they love school.

三分之二的学生认为学校很无聊。

Two thirds said it's boring.

不到4%的学生表示他们有机会探索并主导自己的学习。

Less than 4% said they get a chance to explore and be in charge of their own learning.

随着学生年龄增长，情况变得更糟。

And the older students get, the worse it gets.

近四分之三的三年级学生表示他们热爱学校。

Nearly three quarters of third graders say they love school.

但到了高中阶段，只有不到四分之一的学生还保持这种感受。

But by high school, barely a quarter say they do.

这些数据只是证实了每个家长都心知肚明的事

And the data's just telling us what every parent already knows.

当你问'今天学校怎么样'时

You ask, how was school today?

得到的回答往往只有一个字'还行'

And you hear one word, fine.

但'还行'其实并不好

But fine isn't fine.

那是潜力悄然消逝的声音

It's the sound of potential quietly fading.

这就是我们大多数人不敢明说的真相

Here's the truth most of us don't say out loud.

学校系统并没有坏

School isn't broken.

它正在完美执行一个多世纪前设计的功能

It's doing exactly what it was designed to do over a century ago.

这个体系是为工业时代建立的，旨在标准化、分类，并为年轻人从事可预测的工作做准备。

It was built for the factory age to standardize, sort and prepare young people for predictable jobs.

在当时是行之有效的。

It worked for the time.

识字率提高了，中产阶级壮大了。

Literacy rose, the middle class grew.

但如今，我们的毕业生不再走向装配线。

But today, our graduates aren't heading to assembly lines.

他们正步入一个被人工智能重塑的世界，要想在其中蓬勃发展，必须认清自我、辨别真伪、懂得持续学习、创造、协作，并真正与他人共处。

They're stepping into a world being reshaped by AI, where thriving depends on knowing who you are, discerning fact from fiction, knowing how to keep learning, creating, collaborating, and indeed coexisting with others.

这就是为什么我认为我们的任务不仅仅是改进学校。

That's why I believe our task isn't merely to improve schools.

而是要根据新目标重新设计它们。

It's to redesign them for a new purpose.

这个目标值得每个年轻人在K12教育阶段花费的一万五千个小时。

A purpose worthy of the fifteen thousand hours every young person spends in k 12 schooling.

一个塑造我们民主根基的目标。

A purpose that shapes our very democracy.

正如我的导师所说，今天教室里发生的事，就是明天社会将发生的事。

Because as my mentor puts it, what happens in classrooms today is what will happen in society tomorrow.

但实现这一愿景从未容易过。

But realizing this vision has never been easy.

几十年来，我们一直困在两种极端之间：要么是忽视地方实际的自上而下改革，要么是依赖教育工作者个人英雄主义且令人精疲力竭的自下而上努力。

For decades, we've been trapped between two extremes, top down reforms that can ignore local realities or bottom up efforts that often depend on heroic and exhausted educators.

但还有第三条道路。

But there's a third way.

基于社区的设计。

Community based design.

基于社区的设计融合了两种方法的优势。

Community based design takes the best of both approaches.

它将生活经验的智慧与研究智慧相结合。

It brings together the wisdom of lived experience with the wisdom of research.

将社区的资产与经过验证的工具和实践的资产相结合，实现既人性化又持久的变革。

The assets of communities with the assets of proven tools and practices to make change that's both human and enduring.

这是设计思维、研发和社区参与在学校生活中的最佳应用。

It's the best of design thinking, r and d and community participation applied to the life of a school.

布鲁克林团队就是这样诞生的。

That's how Brooklyn's team came to be.

华盛顿特区的范内斯小学也是通过这种方式，围绕一个简单的理念重新设计了学校。

It's also how Van Ness Elementary in Washington DC redesigned school around a simple idea.

当孩子们感到被关注时，他们学得最好。

Kids learn best when they feel seen.

我们召集了家庭、教育工作者和学区领导，共同构想真正以孩子为中心的学校——在培养心智、体魄和人际关系的同时，直面许多学生带入校园的真实创伤。

We brought together families, educators, district leaders to imagine school that truly centered the whole child, nurturing mind, body and relationships while confronting the real trauma that many students carried into school.

因此我们整合了其他环境中的有效实践。

So we integrated effective practices from other settings.

晨间圆圈活动取代了点名。

Morning circles replaced roll call.

正念休息与严谨课程相结合。

Mindfulness breaks alongside rigorous lessons.

学生归属感指标与考试成绩同等重要。

Measures on student belonging that matter as much as test scores do.

经过数月的试点与迭代，这些环节整合成了一个连贯的模型，让每个学生都感到安全、有归属感并准备好学习。

After months of piloting and iterating, these pieces came together into a coherent model where every student feels safe, connected, and ready to learn.

我参观时，看到一个七岁女孩贾丽莎在教室里情绪爆发。

When I visited, I saw a seven year old named Jalisa who had an emotional outburst in the classroom.

她的朋友阿玛拉温柔地把她带到安静区，一起练习深呼吸。

Her friend Amara gently guided her to a calming space where they practiced breathing together.

几分钟内，贾丽莎就恢复了状态。

Within minutes, Jalisa was back on track.

没有紧张，没有惩罚，只有她们共同的学习成长。

No tension, no punishment, just learning for both of them.

这就是为什么当其他华盛顿特区的学校每年开出数十张停学处分时，范内斯小学却实现了零停学率，并在阅读和数学成绩上超过了学区平均水平。

That's why even as other DC schools issued dozens or more suspensions each year, Van Ness issued none and exceeded district averages in reading and math.

如今，华盛顿特区有四分之一的小学正在采用这种方法，并且已推广至全国100多所学校。

Today, one in four DC elementary schools is adopting this approach, and it's spreading to more than a 100 schools across the country.

是的。

Yeah.

基于社区的设计在不同环境中同样行之有效。

And community based design works in places that couldn't be more different.

北达科他州农村的高中生马修，正是通过这种方式从课堂上昏昏欲睡转变为真正意义上开辟自己的道路。

It's how Matthew, a high school senior in rural North Dakota, went from dozing through class to forging his own path in every sense of the word.

在发现锻造工艺后，他的学校已准备就绪。

After discovering blacksmithing, his school was ready.

因为学校围绕现实世界学习进行了重新设计，他既有结构框架又有自由空间，能将好奇心转化为手艺，运用数学、科学和设计知识来创建自己的小型企业。

Because it had been redesigned around real world learning, he had the structure and freedom to turn his curiosity into craft, applying math, science, and design to building a small business of his own.

现在试想将社区化设计与当今科技相结合。

Now imagine pairing community based design with today's technology.

人工智能能帮助我们加速学习进程，促成沉浸式体验，从而激发每位学生的热情——只要我们进行有意识的设计，就能让成千上万像马修斯这样的孩子找到人生目标。

AI can help us accelerate learning and facilitate immersive experiences that spark every student's passion so that thousands more Matthews can find their purpose if we design on purpose.

从布鲁克林到华盛顿特区再到北达科他州，在全国500所学校中，我们见证了当社区围绕年轻人实际学习与生活的方式设计教育时会发生什么。

From Brooklyn to DC to North Dakota, in 500 schools across the country, we've seen what happens when communities design learning around how young people actually learn and live.

当你把学生的体验、参与度和动机置于核心位置——不是作为附加项，而是作为驱动原则时，一切都会改变。

When you put student experience, engagement, motivation in the center, not as a bonus, but as a driving principle, everything changes.

数据也证实了这一点。

The data backs it up.

经历高质量趣味学习的学生成绩更好、出勤率更高、行为问题更少。

Students who experience engaging high quality learning have higher grades, stronger attendance, fewer behavior issues.

但魔力并不在于数字。

But the magic isn't in the numbers.

而在于当学生意识到'我属于这里'时眼中闪现的光芒。

It's in the spark you see when a student realizes, I belong here.

我能做到。

I can do this.

我正在有目标地学习。

I'm learning with purpose.

我能创造有意义的事物。

I can make something that matters.

我知道我希望自己的孩子也能如此。

I know I want that for my own kids.

当然，我并非孤军奋战。

And of course, I'm not alone.

每位家长、教育工作者、每个社区都希望学校能与时俱进。

Every parent, educator, every community wants schools that keep growing with the world around them.

学校教育不能成为我们一个世纪才重新设计一次的东西。

School cannot be something we redesign once a century.

我们需要将社区本位设计作为一种常态能力，而非临时项目或倡议——要内化而非附加。

We need community based design as a muscle, not a program or an initiative, something built in, not bolted on.

一种持续进化教育方式的共同实践。

A continuous way of evolving how we do school together.

所以当我们询问：孩子们过得怎么样？

So when we ask, and how are the children?

我们要确保答案不是'还行'。

Let's make sure the answer isn't fine.

而是让他们充满热情、茁壮成长，并改变这个世界。

Let it be they're engaged, they're thriving, and they're transforming the world.

谢谢。

Thank you.

这是艾兰·萨摩亚在TEDx2025年的演讲。

That was Eilan Samoa speaking at TEDx twenty twenty five.

这个雄心勃勃的想法是'大胆计划'的一部分，这是TED激励并资助全球变革的倡议。

This ambitious idea is part of the Audacious Project, TED's initiative to inspire and fund global change.

更多信息请访问audaciousproject.org。

Learn more at audaciousproject.org.

如果您对TED的策展标准感兴趣，请访问ted.com/curationguidelines了解更多。

If you're curious about TED's curation, find out more at ted.com/curationguidelines.

以上就是今天的全部内容。

And that's it for today.

TED每日演讲是TED音频合集的一部分。

TED Talks Daily is part of the TED audio collective.

本次演讲内容已由TED研究团队核实，并由我们的团队——玛莎·埃斯特瓦诺斯、奥利弗·弗里德曼、布莱恩·格林、露西·利特尔和坦西卡·桑玛尼旺制作编辑完成。

This talk was fact checked by the TED research team and produced and edited by our team, Martha Estevanos, Oliver Friedman, Brian Greene, Lucy Little, and Tansika Sungmarnivang.

本期节目由克里斯托弗·法伊兹·博根进行混音制作。

This episode was mixed by Christopher Faizy Bogan.

额外支持来自艾玛·陶伯纳和丹妮拉·巴拉雷索。

Additional support from Emma Taubner and Daniella Balarezo.

我是艾莉丝·胡。

I'm Elise Hu.

明天我将带着新鲜观点继续为您更新播客。

I'll be back tomorrow with a fresh idea for your feed.

感谢您的收听。

Thanks for listening.