为什么无论年龄几何，你的生活都需要新鲜感 | 肯尼斯·查伯特（重制版）

您正在收听《TED每日演讲》，我们每天为您带来新思想，激发您的好奇心。

You're listening to Ted Talks Daily, where we bring you new ideas to spark your curiosity every day.

我是您的主持人，伊莉丝·胡。

I'm your host, Elise Hu.

大家好。

Hey, everyone.

在未来一周半的时间里，我们将分享一系列来自TED档案的演讲、对话和播客节目，这些内容在我们思考2025年底以及希望在2026年融入生活的决心与习惯时，给予了我们启发。

For the next week and a half, we are gonna share a handful of talks, conversations, and podcast episodes from the TED archive that inspire us as we're thinking about the end of 2025, as well as the resolutions and practices we hope to bring into our lives in '26.

我希望它们也能启发您。

I hope they inspire you too.

我们首先播放一段2023年的演讲，主题是如何真正地品味生活。

We're starting with a talk from 2023 about how to truly savor life.

对于故事讲述者兼非营利组织创始人肯尼斯·沙伯特来说，关键在于追求第一次的经历。

For storyteller and nonprofit founder Kenneth Chabert, it's all about pursuing first experiences.

在他的演讲中，他分享了创造真正有意义的人生时刻的步骤——无论年龄多大，新颖的体验都能以微小但重要的方式打破日常的单调。

In his talk, he shares his steps for creating truly meaningful moments in life where novel experiences break up mundane routine in small but significant ways no matter how old you are.

2018年，我经历了一次我称之为深刻的第一体验。

In 2018, I had what I call a powerful first experience.

31岁时，我第一次堆了雪天使。

At 31 years old, I made my first snow angel.

也许对你们中的一些人来说，这听起来并不算什么，但对我来说，它意义非凡。

Now that may not sound powerful to some of you, but for me, it was.

那么，你该如何从纽约市前往蒙大拿呢？

And so how do you get from New York City to Montana?

嗯，你得有一匹马。

Well, you have to have a horse.

我不是在定规矩，但没马确实是很多人去不了那里的原因。

I don't make the rules, but not having a horse is why so many people don't make it out there.

我开玩笑的。

I'm kidding.

实际上，我是受邀去比格斯ky参加并发表演讲的。

I was actually invited to attend and speak at a conference in Big Sky.

我是个来自布朗克斯的孩子，对大天空一无所知。

I'm a kid from The Bronx, so I knew nothing about Big Sky.

我对蒙大拿州一无所知。

I knew nothing about Montana.

事实上，我只在MacBook闲置时出现的屏保上见过类似这样的景象。

In fact, I had only recognized images similar to it as the screensaver that comes on whenever my MacBook goes idle.

我降落在博兹曼，第一件事就是感谢上帝，因为我虽然经常坐飞机，但并不喜欢飞行。

I landed in Bozeman, and the first thing I did was thank God, because I don't like flying even though I have to do it often.

我走出机场，看不到摩天大楼，没有出租车排队，没有人喊叫争吵，也没有我熟悉的那些怪味。

I walked out of the airport, and I saw no skyscrapers, no lines in cabs, no people yelling and arguing, and there were no funny smells that I was familiar with.

你知道的，那些让纽约市如此精彩的一切。

You know, all of the things that make NYC amazing.

很快，我坐在车的副驾驶座上，望着窗外，尽情欣赏着景色。

So fast forward, I'm in the passenger seat of the car, and I'm looking out the window, and I'm just taking on the views.

白雪覆盖的山脉，到处都是树木。

Mountains covered in snow, trees everywhere.

有一刻，我们经过了一些房子，它们的景观美得惊人，价值肯定高达数百万美元。

And at one point, we passed by these homes that had to be worth millions of dollars because they had the most beautiful view of the environment.

第二天，我讲完话走下台时，一位女士走过来问我：你想去徒步吗？

Later the next day, as I'm getting off stage from speaking, a woman comes up to me and she asks, would you like to go on a hike?

我是纽约人，所以对我来说，徒步就是走几个街区。

Now, I'm from New York City, so a hike is a few city blocks.

纽约市位于海平面，所以我们说的都是真正的氧气。

New York City is at sea level, so we're talking about real oxygen.

所以，这次真的是一次徒步。

So, no, this was a hike.

在海拔8000英尺的地方，你会立刻意识到蒙大拿的氧气根本不够真实。

And at 8,000 feet elevation, one quickly realizes Montana's oxygen just isn't real.

徒步到一半时，我不记得自己说了什么，但那位女士抓起一把雪，放进嘴里嚼了起来。

Midway through a hike, I can't remember what I said, but the woman grabs a fistful of snow, puts it in her mouth, she starts to chew.

我最初的反应是：这太恶心了。

And my initial thought was, that was disgusting.

我永远不会碰任何接触过纽约市街道的东西。

I would never touch anything that touches a New York City street.

但后来我意识到，这是来自蒙大拿的雪，它象征着蒙大拿人与环境之间的关系。

But then I realized this was snow from Montana, and this was symbolic of the relationships Montanans have with their environment.

所以在徒步快结束时，这位女士躺在一片雪地上，以一种让我意识到她正在堆雪人的姿势移动身体。

So towards the end of the hike, this woman lays down in a bed of snow, and she moves her body in a way where it registers to me she's making a snow angel.

于是大约三十秒后，我决定模仿她。

So after about thirty seconds, I decide to mimic.

于是我躺在蒙大拿新鲜的雪地上，摆动我的手臂和双腿，然后我突然意识到，这是我第一次堆雪人。

And so I lay in this fresh bed of snow in Montana, I move my arms and my legs, and then it dawns on me, I'm making a snow angel for the first time.

当然，我以前见过别人这么做，也曾在电视上看过，但这是我第一次亲自做。

And of course, I've seen other people do it, and I've seen it on television before, but it was the first time I did it.

你看，我创造了一个术语叫‘强有力的第一体验’（PFEs），指的是你第一次做一件你从未想过会做的事，而且是在一个你从未想过会去的地方。

You see, I've coined the term powerful first experiences, or PFEs, as doing something you never thought you would do for the first time in a place that you never thought you would be in for the first time.

我最初来蒙大拿的主要原因是为了发表一场关于强有力的第一体验的演讲，因此我在蒙大拿亲身经历强有力的第一体验，也就再自然不过了。

The main reason why I was in Montana in the first place was to give a talk about powerful first experiences, so it's only right that I would then have powerful first experiences in Montana.

强大的初次体验是改变人生的重要时刻，它们会改变我们看待自己的方式，也改变我们看待世界的方式。

Powerful first experiences are life altering moments and experiences that change the way that we see ourselves and changes the way we see the world.

它们可以像在法国跳伞那样宏大，也可以像第一次去湖边冥想那样微小。

And they can be as expansive as skydiving out of a plane in France or as small as visiting a lake to meditate for the first time.

重要的是你的想象力、勇气和好奇心。

What matters is your imagination, your courage and your curiosity.

在《关键时刻》一书中，奇普·希思和丹·希思提到心理学家所说的‘怀旧高峰’现象——当被问及人生经历时，老年人往往会 disproportionately 地谈论大约在15至30岁之间发生的经历。

In the book Power of Moments by Chip and Dan Heath, the authors reference what psychologists call the reminiscent bump, a phenomenon where older individuals are asked to think about their experiences where they tend to disproportionately talk about the experiences that happened roughly between the ages of 15 to 30.

一些研究人员认为，这是人生中经历最多新奇事物的阶段，并且对此有几种理论解释。

Some researchers say this is the time in our lives where we experience the most novelty, and there's a few theories why.

第一，当你步入并越过三十岁后，生活似乎会变得更快，因为我们养成了重复做相同事情的习惯。

One, when you enter and pass through your thirties, life can seem like it speeds up, because we develop the habits of doing the same things over and over.

另一个原因是，人生中有些经历注定会在那个阶段发生。

Another reason is that there are just some experiences in our lives that are set to happen within that time frame.

不妨想一想。

So think about it.

到15岁时，你可能正在上高中。

By 15, you might be in high school.

到18岁时，你可能已经上大学了。

By 18, you may be in college.

大学毕业后，你会找到一份工作。

After college, you get a job.

你可能会买下大房子，结婚，或者生孩子。

You may buy the big home, you may get married, you may have a kid.

然后你可能会经历失去与悲痛。

And then you might experience loss of grief.

接着你进入三十岁，一切就定型了。

And then you enter your thirties, and that's it.

再也没有新的强烈第一体验了，生活开始一遍又一遍地重复。

No more powerful first experiences, and life repeats itself over and over.

这种状态似乎让人感到无比空虚。

Something about that seems so unfulfilling.

现在想象一下，你是一个来自布朗克斯这样的社区的孩子。

Now imagine if you're a kid from a community like The Bronx.

尽管布朗克斯提供了令人惊叹的经历，但当你到了14或15岁的时候，你可能会觉得已经体验过这个环境中所有重要的第一次经历。

While The Bronx offers amazing experiences, by the time you turn 14 or 15, you can feel like you've experienced all the powerful first experiences in that environment.

因此，我开始痴迷于寻找如何为他人创造更多有力的第一次体验的方法。

And so I became obsessed with figuring out how to give more powerful first experiences to others.

我的组织‘绅士 Retreat’专注于来自城市内部、最终进入常春藤盟校如布朗大学的年轻有色人种男性。

My organization, Gentleman's Retreat, focuses on young men of color from the inner city who end up going to top colleges and universities such as Brown University.

这些年轻人天赋异禀，非常特别。

These young men are gifted and they're special.

他们只是觉得已经体验完了自己社区所能提供的一切。

They just felt they experienced everything their community had to offer.

我们把这些年轻人称为‘Gs’，即绅士。

We called these young men Gs for gentlemen.

在与这些绅士合作并为他们提供有力的第一次体验过程中，我意识到这不仅以积极的方式塑造了他们的身份，也提升了他们的文化资本和社会资本。

And while working with these gentlemen and giving them powerful first experiences, I realized it was shaping their identities in a positive way, but it was also increasing their cultural and their social capital.

个人的文化资本源于他们所处的环境。

An individual has cultural capital because of the environment that they come from.

该环境中的知识、技能和信念可以被视为一种资本或资产。

The knowledge, skills and belief of that environment can be seen as capital or an asset.

而拥有这种组合能使个人获得经济优势及其他优势。

And having the combination allows an individual to have economic advantages and other advantages.

当你积累强有力的初次体验时，你就是在从不同环境中积累文化资本。

And when you collect powerful first experiences, you're collecting cultural capital from different environments.

社会资本是一组共享的价值观和资源，使个体能够团结起来实现共同目标。

Social capital is a set of shared values and resources that allows individuals to come together to achieve a common goal.

它也可以被理解为从你的社交网络中获取资源、帮助和信息的能力。

It can also be thought of as the ability to access resources and favors and information from your network.

当这些绅士们在巴黎、伦敦甚至蒙大拿等地与当地人、企业家乃至风险投资家建立亲密关系时，他们培养了无数的联系。

Countless connections are fostered when the gentlemen develop intimate relationships in places such as Paris, London and even Montana, as they spend time with locals, entrepreneurs and even venture capitalists.

他们发展出更广阔的社交网络和对世界的认知。

They develop a more expansive network and idea of the world.

增加文化资本和社会资本不仅对这些绅士有益，也对他们所到之处的社区带来了福祉。

And increasing cultural and social capital doesn't just benefit the gentlemen, it also benefits the communities that they bless with their presence.

一次强大的初次体验会改变你看待自己和看待世界的方式。

And a powerful first experience changes the way you see yourself and the way you see the world.

去大天空改变了我看待世界的方式、看待自己的方式，以及我在世界上想要做什么。

Going to Big Sky changed the way that I saw the world, the way that I saw myself and what I wanted to do in the world.

我不再等待我的经验循环重复，一遍又一遍地做同样的事情，而是决定走出世界，收集强大的初次体验。

Instead of waiting for my cycle of experiences to repeat themselves, doing the same things over and over, I decided to go out into the world and collect powerful first experiences.

一次强大的初次体验可以是任何事情。

And a powerful first experience can be anything.

关键在于意图。

It's all about intention.

一次强大的初次体验（PFE）最重要的部分就是意图。

The most important part of a powerful first experience or a PFE is intention.

任何人都可以拥有它们。

Anyone can have them.

你不需要有资本，也不需要创办过任何组织。

You don't have to have capital or have started an organization.

你甚至不需要是个‘g’。

You don't even have to be a g.

你只需要认真思考两件事。

You just have to be thoughtful about two things.

第一，做一件你从未做过但一直想做的事。

One, do something you haven't done but have always wanted to do.

这里重要的是，无论你选择做什么——从飞机上跳伞、学习一门新语言、更换衣橱风格——你所选择的事情都必须对你而言带有一定的风险。

And what's important here, no matter what you choose to do, skydiving out of a plane, learning a new language, switching your wardrobe, whatever you decide to do has to have a certain level of risk in it for you.

这关乎勇气。

It's about courage.

有勇气登上飞机，前往一个大多数人与我长相不同的地方，只为体验像堆雪人这样简单的事情。

The courage to get on a plane and go to a state where most people don't look like me in order to experience something as simple as making a snow angel.

第二，改变你的环境，变换刺激源，并且请尽量大胆一些。

Second thing, switch up your environment, change the stimuli, and please try to be bold.

你可能是个歌手，但也许你是在纽约拥挤的地铁里，或在意大利威尼斯美丽的街道上唱歌。

So you may be a singer, but maybe you sing on a crowded train in New York City or in the beautiful streets of Venice, Italy.

想象一下，如果我们决定分享和交流更多有力的初次体验，世界会变成什么样？

Imagine what the world would be like if we decided to share and exchange a more powerful first experiences.

我们会感觉更被爱吗？

Would we feel more loved?

我们会感觉更紧密相连吗？

Would we feel more connected?

我们会感觉更勇敢吗？

Would we feel more brave?

最重要的是，我们会感觉更有人性吗？

Most importantly, would we feel more human?

如果我们允许自己拥有另一次有力的初次体验，我们每个人都有如此多的东西值得去经历。

Each and every one of us has so much to experience if we allow ourselves the gift of another powerful first experience.

我唯一的请求是，如果你决定第一次去蒙大拿，请别忘了带上你的马。

My only ask, if you decide to go to Montana for the first time, please don't forget your horse.

谢谢。

Thank you.

那

That

这是肯尼思·沙伯特在2023年1月TED教育者峰会上的发言。

was Kenneth Chabert at the TED Ed Educators Summit in January 2023.

这段演讲最初发布于2023年4月。

This talk was originally posted in April 2023.

如果你对TED的选材标准感兴趣，可以访问ted.com/curationguidelines了解更多信息。

If you're curious about TED's curation, find out more at ted.com/curationguidelines.

今天就到这里。

And that's it for today.

《TED演讲每日》是TED音频合集的一部分。

TED Talks Daily is part of the TED Audio Collective.

这段演讲由TED研究团队进行事实核查，并由我们的团队——玛莎·埃斯特瓦诺斯、奥利弗·弗里德曼、布莱恩·格林、露西·利特尔和坦西卡·苏恩马诺翁——制作和编辑。

This talk was fact checked by the TED research team and produced and edited by our team, Martha Estevanos, Oliver Friedman, Brian Greene, Lucy Little, and Tansika Sungmarnivong.

本集由克里斯托弗·法齐·博甘混音。

This episode was mixed by Christopher Faizy Bogan.

特别感谢艾玛·陶布纳和达尼埃拉·巴雷罗。

Additional support from Emma Taubner and Daniella Balarezo.

我是伊莉丝·胡。

I'm Elise Hu.

明天我会带着一个全新的想法回到你的信息流中。

I'll be back tomorrow with a fresh idea for your feed.

谢谢收听。

Thanks for listening.

贝拉·迪保洛很高兴你婚姻幸福，但她单身也完全快乐。

Bella DiPaolo is glad if you're happily married but she is perfectly happy being single.

我真希望

I would love

能有个人帮我照顾车，或者饭后收拾碗碟，但那样的话，我又希望他们离开。

to have someone who took care of my car or someone who cleaned up the dishes after dinner, but then I'd want them to leave.

从你自己到你的狗，再到你的配偶，都是重要他人。

From yourself to your dog to your spouse are significant others.

下次敬请关注来自NPR的TED电台节目。

That's next time on the TED Radio Hour from NPR.

请在您收听播客的平台订阅或收听TED电台节目。

Subscribe or listen to the TED Radio Hour wherever you get your podcasts.