The a16z Show - 巴拉克与王丹:工程师之国 vs 律师之国 封面

巴拉克与王丹:工程师之国 vs 律师之国

Balaji and Dan Wang: The Engineering State vs Lawyerly State

本集简介

巴拉吉·斯里尼瓦桑与《速成》一书作者王丹对话,探讨中国工业崛起、美国在软件和金融领域的竞争优势,以及工程型国家与法律型国家碰撞时会发生什么。对话涵盖制造业主导地位、美元的未来、为何两大超级大国持续犯下昂贵错误,以及建设者在下一个阶段将扮演何种角色。 资源: 关注王丹的X账号:https://twitter.com/danwwang 关注巴拉吉的X账号:https://twitter.com/balajis 订阅《网络国家》播客:https://www.youtube.com/@nspodcast 获取最新资讯: 在YouTube上关注a16z:YouTube 在X上关注a16z 在LinkedIn上关注a16z 在Spotify上收听a16z节目 在Apple Podcasts上收听a16z节目 关注我们的主持人:https://twitter.com/eriktorenberg 请注意,此处内容仅用于信息参考,不应被视为法律、商业、税务或投资建议,也不应用于评估任何投资或证券;且并非针对任何a16z基金的投资者或潜在投资者。a16z及其关联方可能持有本节目中讨论公司的投资。更多详情请参阅a16z.com/disclosures。 由Simplecast(AdsWizz公司旗下)托管。有关我们为广告目的收集和使用个人数据的信息,请参阅pcm.adswizz.com。

双语字幕

仅展示文本字幕,不包含中文音频;想边听边看,请使用 Bayt 播客 App。

Speaker 0

数字边界和物理边界其实是一回事。

Digital borders and physical borders are like the same thing.

Speaker 0

对吧?

Right?

Speaker 0

防火墙在某些方面会被视为极具远见的举措,因为它建立了数字上的硬性边界。

The great firewall will be seen in some ways as a very farsighted thing because it is digital hard borders.

Speaker 1

我认为美国完全可以合理地指出美国所拥有的这些巨大优势。

I think that The US can very credibly point to these amazing strengths that The US has.

Speaker 1

我认为中国也可以指出这些巨大的优势,特别是这些强大的无人机编队。

I think China can also point to these amazing strengths, namely these drone armadas, which are very powerful.

Speaker 0

中国的机器人技术实际上非常出色。

Chinese robotics are actually really good.

Speaker 0

而且第一次,美国科技界真的开始认真对待中国了。

And for the first time, Tech America is actually taking China seriously.

Speaker 1

我不会让任何人说服我放弃我的观点:制造业几乎是最重要的。

I am going to let no one talk me down from my stance that manufacturing is almost everything.

Speaker 2

在一代人内实现一个大陆的工业化需要什么?

What does it take to industrialize a continent in a single generation?

Speaker 2

1978年,邓小平保留了共产主义的招牌,但彻底重构了底层体系。

In 1978, Deng Xiaoping kept the communist branding but rewired everything underneath.

Speaker 2

经济特区变成了深圳。

Special economic zones became Shenzhen.

Speaker 2

东部沿海实现了工业化。

The Eastern Seaboard industrialized.

Speaker 2

到2025年,中国在汽车、太阳能、船舶和先进制造领域领跑全球。

By 2025, China led the world in cars, solar, ships, and advanced manufacturing.

Speaker 2

这种增长是真实的。

That growth is real.

Speaker 2

但裂缝也同样存在:政治清洗、房地产崩盘、青年失业,以及一波企业家前往新加坡、迪拜等地的浪潮。

But so are the cracks: political purges, a property implosion, youth unemployment, and a wave of entrepreneurs leaving for Singapore, Dubai, and beyond.

Speaker 2

与此同时,美国的万亿美元科技公司依然无人能及。

Meanwhile, America's trillion dollar tech companies remain unmatched.

Speaker 2

问题是,软件估值和金融工程能否维持一个大国的地位,还是美国必须重建其工业基础才能竞争。

The question is whether software valuations and financial engineering can sustain a great power or whether The US needs to rebuild its industrial base to compete.

Speaker 2

如果需要重建,谁来建设呢?

And if it does, who builds it?

Speaker 2

此前在《网络国家》播客中,巴拉吉·斯里尼瓦桑与《速成》一书作者王丹讨论了工程型国家与律师型国家的对比,以及太平洋两岸的建设者们应如何理解未来的发展方向。

Previously aired on the Network State podcast, Balaji Srinivasan speaks with Dan Wang, author of Breakneck, about the engineering state versus the lawyerly state and what builders on both sides of The Pacific should understand about what comes next.

Speaker 0

丹,欢迎来到纽约州播客。

Dan, welcome to the New York State podcast.

Speaker 0

我想,我们在疫情前的几年里见过面,我记得是在斯垂普公司举办的某个活动中,由科利森组织的。

And I think, you know, we hung out several years ago in the before COVID times, I think, at some Stripe thing, if I recall, that Collison organized something like that.

Speaker 0

其中之一

One of these

Speaker 1

前沿营地。

Frontier camp.

Speaker 1

我们一起玩过我最喜爱的桌游。

We played a very my favorite board game together.

Speaker 0

是的

Yeah.

Speaker 0

那是什么?

What was it?

Speaker 0

就是那种活动之一。

It was it was one of these things.

Speaker 0

是狼人杀吗?

Was it werewolf?

Speaker 0

不是。

No.

Speaker 0

那是什么?

What was it?

Speaker 1

是狼人杀吗?

It's a werewolf?

Speaker 1

有点类似。

It's something close.

Speaker 1

这个游戏叫亚瓦隆,桌边大约有七个人。

It's called Avalon, in which there are roughly seven of us around the table.

Speaker 1

其中有三个人是邪恶的。

Three people are evil.

Speaker 1

他们知道彼此的身份,而四个善良的人通常不知道其他人是谁。

They know who each other are, and the four good people don't in general know who anyone else is.

Speaker 1

游戏的目标是邪恶方伪装成善良方,而善良方则要推理出谁是邪恶方。

And the aim of the game is for the evil people to assert themselves as good and for the good people to deduce who the evil people are.

Speaker 1

我已经玩了很多年了。

I've been playing this for many years now.

Speaker 1

我在不同城市玩这个游戏,很高兴能在加利福尼亚北部的森林里和你一起玩。

I play it in different cities, and I'm glad to have been able to play with you in the woods of Northern California.

Speaker 0

没错。

That's right.

Speaker 0

我记得,因为这是我第一次玩,我当时想,要不要把状态空间矩阵写在白板上,这可能是非常聪明的做法,也可能是非常愚蠢的做法,我记得格恩好像因此有点不高兴。

And I think I as I remember, I I was because this is the first time I played it, and I was thinking, what if we wrote the state space matrix on a whiteboard, which is either the really smart thing to do or really dumb thing to do, and, like, Guern got annoyed at that or something as I vaguely recall.

Speaker 0

是的。

Yes.

Speaker 0

这已经是很多年前的事了。

This is, like, many years ago.

Speaker 0

是的。

Yes.

Speaker 0

对。

That's right.

Speaker 0

是的。

Yes.

Speaker 0

但我仍然觉得这有一定道理。

But I still think there's something to that.

Speaker 0

我得回去再玩一次,我觉得也许在白板上写出来可能不太好,会破坏它的神秘感,但这种排除法确实有它的价值。

I have to go back and play that, and I feel like you might be able to maybe maybe it'd be bad to write it on the board, and it takes away the mystique of it, but there's something to that, the process of elimination.

Speaker 0

总之

Anyway

Speaker 1

我记得你做过那个,我觉得我当时很坏,但我是根据你的计算推断出谁是那个梅林的。

I remember you doing that, and I think I was evil, and I managed to deduce who was, like, who the who who the Merlin was based on your based on your calculations.

Speaker 0

是的。

Yeah.

Speaker 0

有些东西背后其实有一个潜在的数据结构,某种消除过程,你知道的,就像统计学里的蒙提霍尔问题,你把决策树写出来,就能更好地理解它。

There's something there's something about, like, there's an underlying data structure behind the things, some kind of process ablination, you know, sort of like the Monty Hall problem in stats where you actually write out the decision tree, and then you could actually understand it better.

Speaker 0

至少我想看看会发生什么。

At least I wanted to see what would happen.

Speaker 0

不管怎样,也许这削弱了一些乐趣,但至少对我来说很有趣。

Anyway, maybe took some of the fun out of it, but it was fun for me at least.

Speaker 0

所以也许对你来说也一样吧。

So maybe hopefully for you.

Speaker 0

总之,我们曾经在一些相同的圈子里活动。

Anyway, so so we sort of traveled in some of the same circles.

Speaker 0

而且,我喜欢你的书,我们稍后再聊这个。

And, you know, I I liked your book, which we'll get into in second.

Speaker 0

所以破釜沉舟吧,我们把它放到屏幕上。

So breakneck, and we'll put it on screen.

Speaker 0

我喜欢这本书,因为说实话,这场对话可能和你之前的其他对话有些不同,因为它讲了很多我认为美国人应该理解、但对关注亚洲的人来说显而易见的事情。

And I liked it because so, well, you know, it's funny is maybe this conversation will be a little different than some of the other ones you've had because it says a lot of things that I think are that Americans should understand, but are super obvious to anybody who's paying attention to Asia.

Speaker 0

事实上,我觉得你对美国已经够客气了。

And in fact, I actually think you go easy on The US.

Speaker 0

我可能比你更对美国持悲观态度。

I'm much more of a bear perhaps on The US than you are.

Speaker 0

也许你稍微收敛了一些,或者类似的情况。

Maybe you pull you pull some bunches in that or or what have you.

Speaker 0

因为我现在实际上正从新加坡给你发消息。

Because I'm actually I'm I'm I'm messaging I'm talking to you right now from Singapore.

Speaker 0

所以让我试试看,当然,其他人已经总结过这本书了,但本质上,中国是一个持久的国家。

And so let let me see if I can you know, obviously, others have summarized the book, but, essentially, China's an enduring state.

Speaker 0

美国则是一个法律至上的国家。

America's a lawyerly state.

Speaker 0

中国在很多方面其实是对的,因为习近平致力于中华民族的伟大复兴。

China actually is on the right in many ways because Xi is all about the great rejuvenation of the Chinese nation.

Speaker 0

即使他保留了共产主义的象征,你知道,毛泽东曾打击‘四旧’,反对孝道等等,而习近平则完全逆转了这一点,真正复兴了五千年的民族传统和保守价值观。

Even if he's kept the communist symbols, you know, he you know, Mao went after the four olds and and went after a filial piety and so on so forth, then Xi completely reversed that where it's really a, you know, a nationalist conservative, you know, revival of 5,000 years of history and so on and so forth.

Speaker 0

事实上,当邓小平在1978年掌权时,这就像一次重新 branding,换了标志,但核心没变。

And in many ways, when Doug Xiaoping took over in 1978, you know, a rebranding changes the logo, but not the guts.

Speaker 0

而邓小平做了一次重新诠释:他保留了标志,却彻底改变了内核。

And Doug Xiaoping did a reinterpretation where he kept the logo but changed the guts completely.

Speaker 0

在我看来,这本质上是一场政变,这很有趣,因为无论是共产党、民主党还是共和党,都不承认邓小平与毛泽东之间存在如此巨大的断裂。

It was basically, in my view, a coup, which which is funny because neither the Communist Party nor Democrats nor Republicans admit the extreme discontinuity between Deng and Mao.

Speaker 0

因为,像我这样的人,其实并不算。

Because, like, I I'm I'm no.

Speaker 0

我发音可能不太准,但华国锋和四人帮本应是毛泽东的接班人,而邓小平却成功上位,即使曾被三次清洗,仍突然扭转方向,走上了资本主义道路。

I'm butchering the pronunciation, but Hua Guafeng and the gang of four were supposed to be, like, the successors to to Mao, and Deng managed to take over and shifted towards the capitalist road even after he'd been purged three times and has suddenly been thrown through a window.

Speaker 0

你知道那句名言:黑猫白猫,抓到老鼠的就是好猫。

And, you know, the famous, you know, black cat, white cat, doesn't matter if he catches mice.

Speaker 0

还有赵岗合同,那些村民至少在理念上是这么做的。

And the Zhao gang contract where those villagers, at least that was that was the there's the idea of it.

Speaker 0

也许那只是一个传说,但确实有一些村民签订了搞资本主义的合同,他们没有被处决, unlike 其他人。

Maybe that was just a legend, but those there's villagers that had a contract to do capitalism, and they weren't executed unlike everybody else.

Speaker 0

那可以说是开了个口子。

And that was kind of hell up a hand.

Speaker 0

邓小平给予了支持,说好吧。

Deng Xiaoping helped and said, okay.

Speaker 0

资本主义在这些地区——经济特区——是合法的,于是深圳和东部沿海地区开始发展,这就是中国现代化的方式。

Capitalism's legal in these regions, the special economic zones, and thus began Shenzhen and the things rolling the Eastern Seaboard, and that's how China modernized.

Speaker 0

并不是一下子全面转向资本主义。

Didn't go to capitalism all at once.

Speaker 0

对吧?

Right?

Speaker 0

我可能有些地方说得不对,但这个大致准确的简要历史是这样的吗?

So I may be getting some of that wrong, but was that roughly accurate kind of a quick capsule history?

Speaker 0

说吧

Go

Speaker 1

继续。

ahead.

Speaker 1

是的。

Yeah.

Speaker 1

我只想快速补充一点,我认为邓小平的执政风格很多方面都像毛泽东。

The only thing that I would quickly add is that I think Deng had a lot of the governing styles of Mao.

Speaker 1

他确实清洗了很多人。

He certainly purged a lot of people.

Speaker 1

他对一些敌人非常残忍。

He was really ruthless against some of his enemies.

Speaker 1

他除掉了好几位继任者。

He got rid of several of his successors.

Speaker 1

我认为用一位党内历史学家的话来说,他算是半个毛泽东。

And I think he was, in the words of one party historian, half a Mao.

Speaker 1

所以我不认为他在那里是个圣人。

And so I don't I don't think he's no no saint there.

Speaker 1

我的意思是,他确实很无情,我认为即使他的目标要好得多。

I mean, he was he was as ruthless, I would say, even though his ends were much better

Speaker 0

当然。

for sure.

Speaker 0

他一开始是个共产主义者。

He started out as a communist.

Speaker 0

对吧?

Right?

Speaker 0

而且他一直在党内待了很长时间。

And he was in the he was in the party for a long time.

Speaker 0

实际上有人说过,就连越南战争——那场战争,你知道的——也是邓在掌控。

And actually somebody said that even the war in Vietnam, that which is the one war that was, you know, was that Deng held it.

Speaker 0

我读过这本书。

I had read this book.

Speaker 0

我看看能不能找到。

I see if I find it.

Speaker 0

为了转移将军们的注意力,因为当时他在北京频繁更换人事。

To distract the generals from because he was he was doing a lot of changing of the guard in in Beijing at that time.

Speaker 0

所以他派他们再去打越南,以便自己能在首都推行一些改革之类的措施。

So he just sent them all to go and fight Vietnam again so he could go and do some reforms or whatever in the capital.

Speaker 0

我不确定你有没有听说过这个?

I don't if you have you heard that?

Speaker 1

是的。

Yeah.

Speaker 1

目的是让军队参与一场让他们热血沸腾的战争,从而赢得他们永久的支持。

It was to get the army support to give them a really fun war, and then he will and then he'll have their support forever.

Speaker 0

对。

Yeah.

Speaker 0

差不多就是这样。

Something like that.

Speaker 0

对吧?

Right?

Speaker 0

然后,你知道,这开始形成了一种传统,或者我可能记错了。

So and then, you know, that began sort of the tradition of or maybe I'm wrong about this.

Speaker 0

也许这在邓小平之前就存在了,但当时有三个关键职位,分别是国家的名义元首、党的领导人,以及军队的领导人之类的。

Maybe that predated Deng, but there were, like there's, like, three posts that the head has, which are, you know, the titular head of the state, the head of the party, and then also, like, the head of the military or something like that.

Speaker 0

对吧?

Right?

Speaker 1

是的。

Yes.

Speaker 0

邓小平开创了同时掌握这三个职位来统治中国的传统,如果我没记错的话。

And Deng began the tradition of holding all three of those crowns to run China, is if that's correct, if I'm not mistaken.

Speaker 0

或者可能

Or maybe

Speaker 1

并不是最高领导人。

it's not the head.

Speaker 1

但他是国家主席。

But State president.

Speaker 1

但我不确定他是不是共产党总书记,但他确实是中央军事委员会主席。

But he was I I'm not even sure he was head of the communist party, but he was head of the Central Military Commission.

Speaker 0

中央军委。

CMC.

Speaker 0

对。

Right.

Speaker 0

是的。

Yeah.

Speaker 0

我可能会记错一些细节,但他确实掌握了这三样东西,相当于把三叉戟集于一身。

I this is what this is what I'll get some of the details wrong, but there's, like, three things that he had, and he was kind of running it's like, you know, uniting the triforce, so to speak.

Speaker 0

好的。

Okay.

Speaker 0

行。

Fine.

Speaker 0

所以也许我们会展示一下我哪里弄错了。

So maybe we'll flash up what I what I got wrong.

Speaker 0

好的。

Okay.

Speaker 0

我这么说的原因是,这里是我愿意承认的事实。

So the reason I say that is here is what I will stipulate.

Speaker 0

我想把你的书内容复述给你听,你告诉我我有没有理解错。

Well, so I I wanna play your your book back to you, and you tell me if I got it wrong.

Speaker 0

然后我想和你真正地讨论一下接下来会发生什么。

And then I wanna actually debate with you what comes next.

Speaker 0

好的。

Sure.

Speaker 0

明白吗?

Okay?

Speaker 0

首先,每个人都应该读一读《Breakneck》。

So first, everybody should read breakneck.

Speaker 0

一本出色的书。

Awesome book.

Speaker 0

我认为在很多方面,你解释了为什么这么多美国人处于应对模式。

And I think in many ways, you sort of explain stuff because so many Americans are in cope mode.

Speaker 0

也许2025年情况会好些,但过去十年里,他们一直处于极度应对状态,一直假装——比如彼得·宰汉那种论调,认为中国会在变富之前先变老。

Less so perhaps in 2025, but for the last ten years, they've had extreme cope where they've been pretending, you know, the Peter Zaihan kind of argument that China's gonna get old before it gets rich.

Speaker 0

它会陷入困境。

It's gonna fall into a ditch.

Speaker 0

它实际上很虚弱,诸如此类的废话。

It's actually weak and blah blah blah blah blah.

Speaker 0

但这些情况始终没有发生。

And that keeps not happening.

Speaker 0

相反,中国在汽车、太阳能和众多产业中都位居第一,尤其是后疫情时代,2025年之前在先进制造等领域的能源爆发似乎取得了显著成效。

And instead, it's number one in cars and number one in solar and number one in all kinds of industries, especially the post COVID burst of energy into advanced manufacturing and so on by 2025 seems to have really worked.

Speaker 0

它在水面舰艇方面也是第一,还签署了大量贸易协定,往下数,各种事情似乎都在为中国助力,而美国却在许多方面持续挣扎。

And it's also number one in surface ships, and it's signing all these trade deals, and then and then down the list, all kinds of things seem to be working for China, whereas The US keeps struggling in many ways.

Speaker 0

我想说的是,我有一种看法,你的书其实是在解释这些显而易见的事情。

I would you I mean, one way of I I put it is your book is kind of explaining these sort of obvious things.

Speaker 0

我要澄清一下,我不是说这些事情对每个人都很明显,但你是在非常温和地向人们揭示现实。

I'm not to be clear, I wouldn't say they're obvious to everybody, but it's like you're very gently kind of breaking reality to people.

Speaker 0

让我知道你的想法。

Let me let me know your thoughts.

Speaker 0

说吧。

Go.

Speaker 0

说吧。

Go.

Speaker 1

是的。

Yeah.

Speaker 1

我认为所有这些都属实。

I think that all of those things are true.

Speaker 1

一切都是真实的。

Everything is real.

Speaker 1

但我认为这背后还有更多故事,你其实很好地总结了《华尔街日报》或彭博社商业版的内容。

And I think but there is there is more to this a little bit more to the story, which is where I feel like you're doing a really good job of summarizing the business pages of the Wall Street Journal or whatever, Bloomberg.

Speaker 1

但我觉得我们也可以翻到经济版和政治版,那里的情况看起来并不乐观。

But I think we could also flip a few pages into the economics and the politics pages, in which I think the situation there does not look really good.

Speaker 1

你知道,伴随着中国在电动汽车和太阳能领域的崛起——这一切都是真实的。

That, you know, concurrent with China's rise in EVs and solar, all of which is real.

Speaker 1

但同时,也有疯狂的政治动态。

You know, there's also crazy politics.

Speaker 1

习近平不断清洗他的将军们,有时清洗国防部长,有时清洗外交部长,有很多我们这些外人几乎无法理解的奇怪党内政治,只有北京少数人能懂。

Xi constantly purges his generals, some purges his defense minister, purges his foreign minister, a lot of strange party politics that none of us really, I think, can understand outside of a few folks in Beijing.

Speaker 1

经济增长在某些方面确实明显放缓了。

Economic growth has definitely weakened in some severe ways.

Speaker 1

房地产崩盘是真实存在的。

Property implosion is real.

Speaker 1

青年失业率高企也是事实。

The youth unemployment is real.

Speaker 1

有很多人已经决定离开中国。

There's a lot of folks who have decided to leave China.

Speaker 1

我肯定有很多人最终到了新加坡,出现在你的门口。

I'm sure a lot of them are washing up at your doorstep in Singapore.

Speaker 1

许多杰出的中国企业家对中国的政治环境彻底失望了。

A lot of amazing Chinese entrepreneurs who have thrown up their hands at the political environment in China.

Speaker 1

很多中国人选择飞往不需要签证的厄瓜多尔,然后试图步行前往美国边境。

A lot of Chinese have decided to fly to Ecuador where they don't need a visa and try to walk across to the American border.

Speaker 1

因此,去年海关和边境巡逻每月都要逮捕大约四万名中国公民。

And so last year, customs and border patrol were apprehending something like 40,000 Chinese nationals every single month.

Speaker 1

所以,有大量的人想要逃离所谓中华民族的伟大复兴。

So that's a lot of people who wanna take leave of the great rejuvenation of the Chinese ethnostate.

Speaker 1

对吧?

Right?

Speaker 1

所以,我认为确实存在一些实实在在的经济问题。

So, you know, I think that there there are, you know, real economic issues.

Speaker 1

我认为,除了惊人的技术进步之外,还存在大量的政治不确定性。

I think there's a lot of political uncertainty in addition to amazing technological growth.

Speaker 1

所以,你知道,我们不得不调和所有这些因素。

So, you know, we had to reconcile all of these.

Speaker 0

所以,关于厄瓜多尔这部分,我确实听说过这些报道。

So, you know, the Ecuador part, I've certainly heard those reports.

Speaker 0

这部分我不太理解,因为另一种解读是,中国只是在派人前往美国等地潜伏,比如适龄男性穿越边境之类的。

That is the part that I don't fully understand because, you know, the the other interpretation is China's just sending a bunch of people to go and embed in The US or what have you, you know, military age males crossing the border, blah blah blah blah.

Speaker 0

但另一部分,让我来谈谈这部分。

So but but the other piece of it so let me discuss those other piece of it.

Speaker 0

所以,我会给你一个你可能已经考虑过的视角。

So I'll give maybe, you know, obviously, lens you probably considered.

Speaker 0

习近平清洗了马云,因为他不希望中国出现像埃隆这样的情况——中国科技亿万富翁产生自己的想法,掌控庞大的网络,甚至可能反噬国家。

Xi goes and purges Jack Ma because he doesn't want something like Elon to happen in China, where the tech zillionaires of China get their own ideas and they control these giant networks and, you know, they can turn against the state.

Speaker 0

对吧?

Right?

Speaker 0

在我们的说法中,我们大致可以看到两个层面:网络与国家,以及国家凌驾于网络之上。

And we sort of see, like, two pads there with network versus state and state over network in in my parlance.

Speaker 0

你知道的吧?

You know?

Speaker 0

在某些方面,这颇具争议,但某种程度上,中国对大多数人来说是最好的,而互联网对最优秀的人而言则是最棒的。

And in some ways this is provocative, but in some ways, China is the best for the most, and the Internet is the most for the best.

Speaker 0

如果你在中国处于前百分之九十的水平,你会拥有干净的街道、零犯罪率、24小时配送服务,作为中产及以上阶层,你过得挺好的。

Where if you're up to, let's say, the ninetieth percentile in China, you have clean streets and no crime and twenty four seven delivery services and then upper middle class up to that level, you're fine.

Speaker 0

但一旦你开始触及社会最顶层的1%到2%,那你就要格外小心了。

But once you start getting to the top one or 2% of society, now you better watch carefully.

Speaker 0

你知道,你几乎时刻处于监控之下,以确保你与党的立场保持一致;而你可能一年前还因某种行为受到表彰,转眼间却成了被排斥的对象,这种反复无常的转变让很多人难以适应,于是他们选择前往新加坡、迪拜等地。

You know, you're basically constantly surveilled to make sure that you're in line with the with the party and what you could be hailed for a year or two ago, suddenly you're on the outside of something, and that's too sinuous a twist for a good chunk of people, so they head overseas to Singapore or Dubai or something like that.

Speaker 0

你觉得这大致准确吗?

Would you say that's roughly right?

Speaker 1

是的。

Yeah.

Speaker 1

我认为你在这所有方面的观点都非常准确,这种巨大的对比确实存在。

I think the great contrast I think you're you're exactly right in all of these.

Speaker 1

我认为中美之间一个巨大的差异在于,美国对富人来说真的非常好。

And I think the great contrast one of the great contrast between The US and China is that America works really, really well for the rich.

Speaker 1

如果你在美国是个富人,你几乎不需要承受纽约和加州等地的许多问题。

If you're rich in America, you know, you really don't have to suffer too many of the problems in, let's say, New York and California.

Speaker 1

你不用担心住房危机。

You don't worry about the housing crisis.

Speaker 1

你在阿瑟顿拥有一栋巨大的房子。

You have a giant home in Atherton.

Speaker 1

你不必每天担心乘坐纽约地铁上班,那里的地铁又吵又脏,运行状况也很差。

You don't worry about taking the New York subway to work every day, you know, which is like screechingly loud and dirty and doesn't work very well.

Speaker 1

你可以住在曼哈顿这些细高的摩天大楼里。

You get to live in these skinny skyscrapers in Manhattan.

Speaker 1

我认为,世界上再也没有比美国更适合极度富裕的人的地方了。

I think that there's nowhere else in the world that's better to be enormously rich than in The United States.

Speaker 0

我现在不同意这个观点。

I disagree with that now.

Speaker 0

我这么说的原因是,我认为这可能曾经是真的。

And the reason I say that is I think think that maybe was true.

Speaker 0

我微笑的原因是,我觉得这曾经是真的,但现在这种情况有几个糟糕的方面。

The reason I smiled is just like, it's I think that was true, and I think the there's several bad parts about that now.

Speaker 0

如果其他人过得还不错,富有是没问题的。

The first is it's fine to be wealthy if other people are doing okay.

Speaker 0

是的。

Yeah.

Speaker 0

但美国的大量财富其实是凯恩斯主义,就像你知道的,中国实际上是资本主义,却自称共产主义。

But a good chunk of American wealth is Keynesianism, which is really like, you know how China's actually capitalist, but they call it communist.

Speaker 0

美国实际上是凯恩斯主义,却自称资本主义,因为货币印刷本质上是一种大规模的再分配——这基本上就是,如果你听过米尔顿·弗里德曼说过的话,通货膨胀就是没有立法的征税。

America's actually Keynesian, but they call it capitalist in the sense of the money printing is actually a gigantic redistribution of it's basically, you know, inflation is taxation without legislation, if you've heard that one by Milton Friedman.

Speaker 0

所以他们印了数万亿美元。

So they print trillions of dollars.

Speaker 0

这就像在为每个人稀释货币,而且他们正在大量这么做。

It's like diluting down the the currency for everybody, and they're doing that a lot.

Speaker 0

他们既公开又隐蔽地这样做。

They're both both overtly and covertly.

Speaker 0

然后是护盘团队,你听说过格林斯潘说的这个‘护盘团队’吗?

And then the plunge protection team, have you heard that thing from Greenspan, the plunge protection team?

Speaker 0

好吧。

Okay.

Speaker 0

这是一个值得去查一查的概念。

That's a useful thing to to look up.

Speaker 0

你提到书中的一点是,美国股市表现良好,而中国股市则停滞不前。

That is why one thing you mentioned in the book is, like, American stocks have done well and so on and so forth, and Chinese stocks are flat.

Speaker 0

但部分原因在于美国存在一种近乎社会契约的现象:中上层和上层阶级都持有大量指数基金,也就是401(k)等账户中的投资。

But part of that is because there's almost a social contract in The US, which is the upper middle class and upper class have all these index funds, you know, stakes in the next funds, four zero k.

Speaker 0

因此他们期望股市上涨,而这实际上已成为衡量社会进步的指标。

So they expect the stock market to go up, and that's actually the metric, the number go up of the society.

Speaker 0

因此,美联储的护市团队会在极端情况下印钞,以确保股市不会下跌。

And so the plunge protection team at the Fed will actually print to make sure that in extreme circumstances, stock market doesn't go down.

Speaker 0

其中一些是明确的,比如2008年购买的抵押贷款支持证券。

Some of that was explicit, like the, obviously, the mortgage backed securities that were bought in 2008.

Speaker 0

还有一些是隐性的,比如他们暗中支持高盛或摩根这样的机构,你知道的?

Some of that is implicit where they'll spot Goldman or Morgan, like the you know?

Speaker 0

比如他们刚刚实施的BTFP计划,其中国债并没有按市价计价。

For or or, for example, the BTFP program that they just did where treasuries weren't actually mark to market.

Speaker 0

它们是按购入价格估值,而不是按出售价格估值。

They were valued on what they were bought for, not what they were sold for.

Speaker 0

因此,他们采取了各种手段,只是为了让市场名义上持续上涨。

So there's all kinds of manipulations they do to just keep the market nominally going up.

Speaker 0

但以黄金或数字黄金为参照,实际价值却大幅下跌。

But in real terms versus gold or digital gold, it's going way down.

Speaker 0

比如,就今天来看,黄金在过去一段时间内的表现实际上已经超过了标普500指数。

Like, for example, if you just saw it as of today, gold has actually outperformed the S and P over the last know?

Speaker 0

对吧?

Right?

Speaker 0

所以在我看来,美国实际上是一个虚假经济,一个凯恩斯主义经济,你知道吗?

So in my view, The US is actually a fake economy, a Keynesian economy, and actually you know what?

Speaker 0

你提到的工程国家与律师国家的对比,我觉得我们可以深入探讨很多方面,我稍后就把话筒让给你。

You actually you know, your thing on the engineering state versus the lawyers state, I think we could do a lot of iterations on that, and I'll give you the ball in a second.

Speaker 0

但我真的很喜欢你的书

But I've I've I love your book

Speaker 1

非常喜欢。

so much.

Speaker 1

想说的太多太多了,你快说吧。

Wanna say so much, so so jump in.

Speaker 1

但是是的。

But yeah.

Speaker 1

我的意思是,我刚才还跟你开玩笑说这件事。

I mean, I say, I tease you a little bit about this.

Speaker 1

你听起来就像习近平啊,老兄。

So you sound like Xi Jinping, man.

Speaker 1

他有个说法,共产党称美国经济为‘虚拟经济’,还有‘泡沫经济’。

This is he has this term that the Communist Party calls this, the American economy, the fictitious economy, also and the bubblegizotomy.

Speaker 1

不是那种金融泡沫,而是一种很容易破裂的东西。

Not not like a financial bubble, but just something that can pop very easily.

Speaker 1

我认为这确实有一定道理。

And I think there is certainly something to this.

Speaker 1

我的意思是,很多美国人会告诉我,丹,你在说什么?

I mean, a lot of Americans would tell me, Dan, what are you talking about?

Speaker 1

这个国家没有任何问题。

This country has no problems.

Speaker 1

看看我们能创造出这些价值万亿美元的巨头企业,而中国人做不到,其他人也做不到。

Look at these giant trillion dollar corporations that we can create, and the Chinese cannot, and no one else can.

Speaker 1

所以,再次回到刚才的话题,我想说的是,美国对富人来说运作得非常好,但如果只对富人有效,它就无法维持超级大国的地位。

And I don't and so, again, I come coming back to just to slightly put a a closest loop, which is that I think The US works extremely well for the rich, I think it cannot stay a great power if it works only well for the rich.

Speaker 1

而且,你知道,中国有一种奇怪的现象,如果你是精英阶层,比如说你在北京是个精英。

And, you know, there is something strange about China where if you're an elite let's say you're some sort of an elite in Beijing.

Speaker 1

你在科技行业工作。

You're working in tech.

Speaker 1

谁知道你的科技公司会不会被习近平摧毁,就像他之前对一些公司做的那样。

Who knows if your tech company would be smashed by Xi Jinping, as he did a couple of

Speaker 0

几年前。

years ago.

Speaker 0

比如游戏公司直接被清零了。

Like the gaming companies got just sent to zero.

Speaker 1

在线教育,你知道,他们被宣布为非营利组织。

Online tutoring, you know, they had really declared to be nonprofits.

Speaker 1

比如说,如果你在金融行业工作,然后习近平两年前宣布了30万美元的薪资上限,你可能还得退还部分薪酬。

You know, let's say you're working in something like finance, and then Xi announces a salary cap, as he did two years ago of $300,000, and maybe you need to give your back pay.

Speaker 1

如果你属于党内、军方或国家精英阶层,你永远不知道你的靠山什么时候会因反腐行动而倒台,然后你的整个关系网也会随之崩塌。

If you're within the party military state elite, you never know when your patron might be taken down by some sort of an anti corruption purge, and then your entire network will fall.

Speaker 1

因此,你知道,在中国,富有且有权势其实非常脆弱;而在美国,如果你有钱,你基本上可以把大量财富转化为政治影响力。

And so know, there's something really precarious about being rich and powerful in China, in which you know, in The US, if you're rich, you can more or less transmute a lot of your wealth into political influence.

Speaker 1

也许这并不好,但在这里赚钱要容易得多。

And maybe that's bad, but it's much easier to be rich here.

Speaker 1

但我完全同意你的观点,美国经济确实有一种非常奇怪且虚幻的特质。

But I fully agree with you that there is something like very strange and fictitious about the American economy.

Speaker 1

我喜欢对比的是,想想苹果公司,如今市值约为3.5万亿美元。

The contrast that I like to set up is, let's think about Apple, something like $3,500,000,000,000 market value now.

Speaker 1

花了十年时间争论它是否能生产电动汽车,而之后,是的。

Spent ten years debating whether it could produce an electric vehicle, and after Yeah.

Speaker 0

而小米做到了,而且

And Xiaomi does it, and and

Speaker 1

是的。

yeah.

Speaker 1

那么小米的市值是多少?

And what is Xiaomi's market value?

Speaker 1

我上次查的时候大概是两千亿美金。

Something like $200,000,000,000 last I checked.

Speaker 1

没错。

Exactly.

Speaker 1

所以苹果的市值是小米的十五倍,接近二十倍。

So the Apple is worth something like 15, nearly 20 times more than Xiaomi.

Speaker 1

那么,你更想要哪一个呢?

And, you know, what would you rather have?

Speaker 1

你是想要一家在宣布造车四年内就能造出汽车的公司,就像小米那样,而且这些车还能在纽博格林和德国西部的主要赛道上获胜,还是想成为苹果那样,纠结一段时间后就放弃?

A company that is able to build cars within four years of announcing it, as Xiaomi did, and for these cars to go win major racetracks in Nurburgring and in Western Germany, or to be kind of Apple and just not, you know, debate this for a while and then give up.

Speaker 1

我认为我更愿意选择小米,这与其说是对苹果的批评,不如说是对美国金融体系的批评——它给那些高度盈利但主要是软件公司的企业赋予了荒谬的估值。

Now I think I would rather take Xiaomi, and I think this is less an indictment of Apple than an indictment of the financial system in The US, which assigns these crazy valuations to highly profitable companies, but these mostly software companies.

Speaker 0

是的。

Yeah.

Speaker 0

但苹果也是一家硬件公司。

So Apple is a hardware company also.

Speaker 0

但没错,你的观点是,我的看法是展望2035年、2040年,也许2030年。

But, yes, your point is so my view on this is looking ahead to 2035, 2040, maybe in 2030.

Speaker 0

我知道我写过这个话题,但简单总结一下,我甚至不认为它会是美国。

You know, I've written about this, but to briefly summarize, I think I wouldn't even I don't even think of it as The United States.

Speaker 0

我觉得它应该是分裂的合众国,比如,根本不存在韩国。

I think of it as the disunited States because, like, for example, there's no Korea.

Speaker 0

只有朝鲜和韩国。

There's only North Korea and South Korea.

Speaker 0

对吧?

Right?

Speaker 0

你不能笼统地谈韩国以及韩国在这个问题上的立场,因为朝鲜和韩国实际上有着完全不同的外交政策。

Like, it's not actually you can't talk about Korea and Korea's position on this and Korea because North Korea and South Korea literally have different foreign policies.

Speaker 0

它们彼此对立。

They're opposed to each other.

Speaker 0

它们有着不同的价值观。

They have different morays.

Speaker 0

它们可能都用韩文书写,但表达的内容完全不同。

They both might write in Hangul, but they're saying totally different things.

Speaker 0

它们的词汇、前提,还有各种东西都不一样。

They have different vocabularies, you know, premises, all that kind of stuff.

Speaker 0

对吧?

Right?

Speaker 0

所以,绝大多数情况下,

So there's no For the most

Speaker 1

只有一个韩国对我们重要。

part, only one Korea matters to us.

Speaker 1

你知道吗?

You know?

Speaker 1

只有一个韩国参与全球经 济,生产内存芯片。

Only one Korea is in the global economy producing any memory chips.

Speaker 1

对吧?

Right?

Speaker 0

没错。

That's right.

Speaker 0

韩国。

South Korea.

Speaker 0

正是。

Exactly.

Speaker 0

对吧?

Right?

Speaker 0

但朝鲜显然在瞄准导弹之类的。

But North Korea, obviously, is pointing missiles and so on so forth.

Speaker 0

但确实如此。

But yes.

Speaker 0

正确。

Correct.

Speaker 0

所以我们不能谈论韩国。

So we can't talk about Korea.

Speaker 0

我们必须谈论韩国和朝鲜。

We have to talk about South Korea and North Korea.

Speaker 0

同样地,我认为我们不能谈论美国。

In the same way, I don't think we can talk about America.

Speaker 0

我们可以谈论蓝色美国、红色美国,以及实际上的科技美国。

We can talk about blue America, red America, and actually tech America.

Speaker 0

而这三者就像是三个独立的群体。

And those are like three separate groups.

Speaker 0

无论你听到什么样的对美国的辩护,几乎都来自科技美国,谈论那些万亿级公司,或者有时是红色美国在说:我们仍然可以重新工业化,我们仍然拥有1945年的精神等等。

And whatever you would hear a defense of America, it's almost always coming from tech America, talking about the trillion dollar companies, or sometimes red America talking about, well, we can still reindustrialize, and we still have the nineteen forty five spirit and and so on and so forth.

Speaker 0

而蓝色美国如今对民主的捍卫似乎并不那么积极,但几年前它们确实很积极。

And blue America is sort of not really, you know, that animated in terms of defense of democracy and so on and so forth nowadays, but they were a few years ago.

Speaker 0

至少我的观点是,科技美国其实就是互联网,它与欧洲科技和印度科技重叠,尤其是加密货币——我知道你不喜欢加密货币,或者你对加密货币持怀疑态度。

And my view, at least, maybe you'll disagree, is, like, tech America is actually the Internet, and it overlaps with European tech and Indian tech and especially crypto, which is which I I know you don't love crypto or you're probably skeptical about crypto.

Speaker 0

是的。

Yes.

Speaker 0

但我觉得,就像罗马帝国崩溃后,幸存下来的是基督教吗?

But the way I think you know how, like, when Rome fell, what survived was Christianity?

Speaker 0

有意思。

Interesting.

Speaker 0

对吧?

Right?

Speaker 0

在我看来,美国最终会归零,而幸存下来的将是互联网。

In my view, like like, America is gonna go to zero, and what will survive is the Internet.

Speaker 0

美国法律体系糟糕的一面,就是你提到的那些阻碍、限制之类的问题,被众多律师滥用等等。

And the bad version of the American legal system is the one you mentioned, which is obstructing and constricting and so on and so forth, and it's being abused by all these lawyers and so on and so forth.

Speaker 0

但其积极的一面是互联网法律体系,它是一种可预测的秩序,以代码之治取代法律之治。

But the good version is the Internet legal system, which is a predictable order, and it's rule of code as opposed to rule of law.

Speaker 0

它保护财产权,拥有世界上最好的货币政策,还有智能合约等等。

And it protects property rights and has the best monetary policy in the world and has smart contracts and so on.

Speaker 0

即使美国人和中国人无法信任彼此的法律体系,实际上很多中国人还是认可比特币的。

And even if Americans and Chinese can't trust each other's legal systems, actually, lots of Chinese people do appreciate Bitcoin.

Speaker 0

而比特币实际上是相对于中国共产党的一种真正制衡,而美国正在走向归零。

And BTC is actually the genuine balance to CCP as opposed to USA, which is going to zero.

Speaker 0

让我停一下。

Let me pause there.

Speaker 0

关于这一点,我就说这么多。

That's all I can say about that.

Speaker 1

这想法太疯狂了,老兄。

That's a crazy idea, man.

Speaker 1

你的意思是,当美国走向归零时,比特币将成为对抗中国共产党的替代方案。

That was a BTC is going to be the alternative against CCP when USA goes to zero.

Speaker 1

我觉得这句话说得太棒了。

I think that's a that's a great phrase.

Speaker 1

如果你还没发过推文,应该发一条。

You should tweet that if you haven't yet.

Speaker 0

我已经发过这条推文了。

I I have tweeted that.

Speaker 0

我得说,这实际上远不止是一个梗。

I have to that's actually the so to just to explain, it's more than just a meme.

Speaker 0

它就像一个简洁的短语,但说得对。

It's like a compact phrase, but but right.

Speaker 0

在二十世纪,欧亚大陆的共产主义与盎格鲁-撒克逊世界的资本主义之间是对称的对抗。

Like, in the twentieth century, the contestation was symmetrical between Eurasian communism and anglosphere capitalism.

Speaker 0

那是坦克对坦克、飞机对飞机,美国对苏联,诸如此类。

It was like tank for tank, plane for plane, USA versus USSR, you know, and so and so forth.

Speaker 0

但我认为,在二十一世纪,这种对抗是不对称的。

But I think in the twenty first century, it's asymmetric.

Speaker 0

它是中华人民共和国与互联网之间的对抗。

It's between China and the Internet.

Speaker 0

中国就像苹果公司,与国家、汉族语言、文化、数千年的文化传统、政党体制,以及网络——包括防火墙、应用程序和所有中国科技公司——高度整合在一起。大约97%的汉族人口都处于这个高度整合、功能强大的‘沃尔顿’式整体中,这个超级有机体以极其高效的方式协调着所有人。

China is like Apple, vertically integrated with the nation, you know, the Han Chinese language, culture, thousands of years of culture, the the the party state, and then, of course, the network, which is the firewall and the apps and all the Chinese tech companies, that's vertically integrated in something like 97% of people of Han Chinese descent are in this sort of vertically integrated, very functional Voltron, this meta organism that coordinates all these people in this really, really powerful way.

Speaker 0

而其余约七十亿人,最初乃至很长一段时间内,都将处于劣势,那就是互联网——混乱的安卓生态,无序却更自由。

And the other summing 7,000,000,000 people are gonna initially and perhaps for a long time be the weaker of the two sides, and that'll be the Internet, which is messy Android, chaotic, but also more free.

Speaker 0

这就是我认为美元崩溃后事情如何平衡的方式。

And and that's how I think things square up after the fall of the dollar.

Speaker 1

巴拉吉,我觉得当这段对话发布时,一定会非常精彩。

Balaji, I think we're this conversation is going to be amazing when it's published.

Speaker 1

我希望每个人都看这段视频,因为你会看到我全程都在微笑,因为我太喜欢你的那些金句了。

I hope everybody watches this on video because you'll see me smiling this entire time Because I love your catchphrases.

Speaker 1

我超爱这些推文。

I love these tweets.

Speaker 1

我仍然对比特币作为对抗美国和中共的替代方案这个想法念念不忘。

I'm still hung up by this idea of BTC being the alternative against USA and CCP.

Speaker 1

但让我重新表述一下,那就是,哦,看来美国和中共都讨厌比特币。

But then let me rephrase this, which is that, oh, well, it seems like USA and CCP must both hate BTC.

Speaker 1

既然它代表了一种新的秩序,如果他们摧毁了比特币呢?

And so because it is representing the alternative order, what if they crush BTC?

Speaker 1

我不知道比特币是否足够强大。

I don't know if BTC is powerful enough.

Speaker 0

哦,这就是问题所在。

Oh, that's the question.

Speaker 0

所以,我在网络国家的概念中是这么说的:中共、《纽约时报》、比特币。

So, basically, the the way I put it in the network state is actually I say, CCP, NYT, BTC.

Speaker 0

政党、报纸和协议,有点像石头剪刀布的关系。

The party, the paper, and the protocol are sort of like a rock paper scissors kind of thing.

Speaker 0

我写的时候,《纽约时报》还没被击败。

And when I wrote it, NYT still hadn't been defeated.

Speaker 0

但有了马斯克,X 已经基本击败了《纽约时报》。

But with Elon, x has basically defeated NYT.

Speaker 0

我认为《纽约时报》已经失去了其霸权地位,等等。

I think NYT has lost its hegemony and so and so forth.

Speaker 0

所以,就像二十世纪中期,有共产主义、法西斯主义和民主资本主义,其中两个联合起来对付第三个,然后另外两个又彼此争斗,如此类推。

So it's it's sort of like, you know, in the in the mid twentieth century, there was communism, fascism, and and democratic capitalism, and two of them teamed up on the third, and then the other two fought amongst themselves and so and so forth.

Speaker 0

我觉得《纽约时报》正被彻底淘汰,只剩下当年的影子。

So I feel NYT is just being knocked out of the box as a shadow of what it was.

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Speaker 0

我不认为它会回来了。

I don't think it's gonna be coming back.

Speaker 0

因为它依赖于意识形态上的霸权地位。

And because it depend on on being ideologically hegemonic.

Speaker 0

所以CCB和BTC之间,你说得对,这确实是一种真正的对立,比如在二十世纪初,德国的摇摆选民是德国工人。

So CCB versus BTC, you're right that there's like, that is a genuine polarity because, you know, for example, in the early twentieth century, the swing vote in Germany was like the German worker.

Speaker 0

苏联会以工人的身份吸引他们,而纳粹则会以德国人的身份吸引他们。

Like, the Soviets would appeal to them as a worker, and the Nazis would appeal to them as a German.

Speaker 0

所以一方是以阶级为基础,另一方则是以种族为基础。

So one was appealing on the base of, like, class, and they're appealing on the base of race.

Speaker 0

对吧?

Right?

Speaker 0

那曾经是关键的摇摆选民。

And that was like the swing vote.

Speaker 0

在最近这次选举中,像非裔美国人、女性美国人或同性恋美国人这样的群体,自由派会以他们的种族、性别或性取向来吸引他们,而川普派则会以美国人的身份来吸引他们。

With this last election, somebody like the black American or female American or gay American, the Wolkes would appeal to them as black or female or gay, and the Magus would appeal to them as American.

Speaker 0

对吧?

Right?

Speaker 0

那曾经就是中间派的摇摆选民,对吧?

That was like the swing vote, right, in the center.

Speaker 0

明白吗?

Okay?

Speaker 0

我认为,在即将到来的时代,摇摆选民实际上是中国的科技工作者。

And I think in the dispensation that is to come, the swing vote will actually be the Chinese technologists.

Speaker 0

因为中国会以种族为基础吸引他们,而互联网会以阶级为基础吸引他们。

Because the Chinese will appeal on the basis of China will appeal on the basis of race, and the Internet will appeal on the basis of class.

Speaker 0

对吧?

Right?

Speaker 0

所以这常常是一种情况。

So that's often a kind of thing.

Speaker 0

你明白我的意思吗?

Like, you see what I'm saying?

Speaker 0

对吧?

Right?

Speaker 0

就像对啊。

Like Yeah.

Speaker 0

有时候是左派基于种族或基因来吸引选民,尤其是在多数群体中。

Sometimes it's the left that appeals on the basis of in in the case of the bulks, they'd appeal on the base of race or genetics.

Speaker 0

而MAG实际上是基于阶级来吸引人,指的是美国阶级的成员身份,你知道的,这就像一种软件层面的东西,而种族则更像是硬件层面的东西。

And the MAG is actually were appealing on the base of class in the sense of membership in the American class, you know, which is like a software software thing, thing, whereas whereas race race is is like like a a hardware thing.

Speaker 0

你懂吗?

You know?

Speaker 0

让我停一下。

Let me pause there.

Speaker 1

是的。

Yeah.

Speaker 1

也许吧。

Maybe.

Speaker 1

我的意思是,我首先会对你说埃隆击败了麻省理工这个观点感到疑惑。

I mean, I wonder I mean, first, I would wonder about your idea that Elon has defeated MIT.

Speaker 1

我认为埃隆确实击败了某个人,而那个人就是他自己。

I I think Elon has certainly defeated someone, and that someone is himself.

Speaker 1

我认为埃隆非常擅长击败自己。

And I think Elon has been extremely adept at defeating himself.

Speaker 1

我的意思是,他让自己从联合总裁的位置上退了下来。

I mean, he got himself out of being co president.

Speaker 1

特斯拉现在怎么样?

How's Tesla doing?

Speaker 1

我不知道。

I don't know.

Speaker 1

看起来不太妙。

It doesn't look great.

Speaker 1

Axe现在怎么样?

How's Axe doing?

Speaker 1

我不确定。

I'm not sure.

Speaker 1

我认为《纽约时报》赢了这一轮。

I think NYT's winning this round.

Speaker 1

《纽约时报》,但你是这么认为的。

NYT But you think so.

Speaker 1

pretty bogota sits it.

Pretty Bogota sits it.

Speaker 0

这是某个人去的。

It's somebody who go.

Speaker 1

是的。

Yeah.

Speaker 1

我的意思是,我觉得,你知道,我现在几乎完全不看X了,但我在更多地阅读《纽约时报》。

I mean, I I I think that, you know, I'm I'm almost mostly off x at this point, but I'm I'm I'm reading more NYT.

Speaker 1

所以也许我不是目标受众。

So maybe I'm not the target audience.

Speaker 1

也许我正在自我挫败。

Maybe I'm defeating myself.

Speaker 1

但我也想说,我认为比美国更强大的唯一力量,唯一能击败美国的力量,就是美国自己;而唯一能击败中国的力量,就是中共。

But I would also say that, you know, I think the only force that is more powerful than The USA, the only force capable of defeating The USA is The USA, and the only force capable of defeating China is the CCP.

Speaker 1

我看到这两个国家都变得极其擅长自我摧毁。

And I see that both of these nation states have become extremely powerful at beating the shit out of themselves.

Speaker 1

我认为这些羞辱性的自我内耗会持续下去,直到士气提升。

And I think these humiliating self beatings will continue until morale improves.

Speaker 1

但我觉得,拜登做得太糟糕了。

But I think that, you know, Biden did a terrible job.

Speaker 1

特朗普的做法有点末日化,我认为他们有很大机会让美国分崩离析。

Trump is doing is being kind of apocalyptic, and I think they have a good chance of unraveling The United States.

Speaker 1

是的。

Yes.

Speaker 1

我认为中国一直在驱赶其最聪明的人、最有创业精神的人和最优秀的创意人才离开国家,我认为中共最终也会摧毁这个中国民族国家。

And I think the Chinese have been driving a lot of its smartest people, a lot of its most entrepreneurial people, a lot of its best creatives out of the country, and I think the CCP will also defeat the Chinese ethnostate.

Speaker 1

他们会挫败伟大的复兴。

They'll defeat the great rejuvenation.

Speaker 1

这就是我的模型。

So that's my model.

Speaker 1

我就说到这里。

I'll pause there.

Speaker 1

你怎么看?

What do you think?

Speaker 0

好的。

Okay.

Speaker 0

所以我的看法是,我认为习近平很像上世纪三十年代的罗斯福,从某种意义上说,他是最不坏的,因为有很多事情。

So what I think is I think Xi is a lot like FDR in the thirties where he was the least bad in the sense of, like, there's lots of things.

Speaker 0

我的意思是,罗斯福曾将日裔美国人拘禁。

I mean, FDR interned the Japanese.

Speaker 0

罗斯福基本上实施了黄金没收。

FDR basically did the gold seizures.

Speaker 0

你知道吧?

You know?

Speaker 0

FDR本质上是利用政府对抗他所有的敌人。

FDR essentially pushed I mean, he used the government against all of his enemies.

Speaker 0

他针对了安德鲁·梅隆。

He went after Andrew Mellon.

Speaker 0

他推动将巨额财富转入基金会。

He pushed the great fortunes into foundations.

Speaker 0

人们有充分理由指控他,你知道的,推动日本卷入二战等等。

People credibly alleged that he, you know, pushed the Japanese into World War two and so on and so forth.

Speaker 0

他连任四届,打破了所有先前的规范,诸如此类。

All kinds of stuff have he ran for four terms, which broke all previous norms, blah blah blah.

Speaker 0

FDR做了各种各样的事情。

All kinds of stuff FDR did.

Speaker 0

对吧?

Right?

Speaker 0

人们认为他让大萧条变得更好了。

People think he made the Great Depression great.

Speaker 0

他延长了大萧条。

He prolonged it.

Speaker 0

但总的来说,当一切尘埃落定后,美国最终处于相对最强的地位,而且犯的错误最少。

But net net, when all the dust settled, ultimately, The US was in the strongest relative position, and it screwed up the least.

Speaker 0

是的。

Yes.

Speaker 0

并不是说它没有犯错。

Not that it didn't screw up.

Speaker 0

你继续说。

Go ahead.

Speaker 1

是的。

Yes.

Speaker 1

你继续说。

Go ahead.

Speaker 0

对吧?

Right?

Speaker 0

在苏联被摧毁、纳粹德国被炸得粉碎的情况下,美国的失误最少。

It screwed up the least out of the Soviet Union, which has gotten killed, Nazi Germany, which has gotten itself blown up.

Speaker 0

日本被原子弹轰炸了。

The Japanese got nuked.

Speaker 0

美国无论是通过能力、运气还是其他原因,在这些国家中失误最少,因此在那个格局中最为强大。

The US, both both through competence and through luck or whatever, screwed up the least out of them and was therefore the most powerful in that dispensation.

Speaker 0

我认为中国有一个强烈的本能,就是导致了‘百年屈辱’——你知道吗,就像一位伟大的创始人会接受较低的估值,但始终保留控制权?

I think China's big instinct that caused the century of humiliation you know how, like, a great founder will take a lower valuation but always preserve control?

Speaker 0

对吧?

Right?

Speaker 0

我的观点是,你大概能补充一些细节,尤其是看到上世纪八十年代广场协议后日本的经历。

My view, and you can probably fill in the gaps on this, is especially also seeing what happened to Japan with the plaza accords in the eighties.

Speaker 0

对吧?

Right?

Speaker 0

很多我们的朋友会说,哦,你知道吗,八十年代人们都说日本要超越我们,所以事情也会完全一样发生,我们会以同样的方式超越中国。

Lots of people our friends will say something like, oh, you know, people were saying Japan was gonna beat us in the eighties, and therefore, it'll happen exactly like that, and we're gonna beat China the same way.

Speaker 0

但日本不仅仅是输了。

But Japan didn't just lose.

Speaker 0

它基本上被摧毁了,因为它就像一个被美国占领的国家。

It was basically killed because it's it's like a US occupied country.

Speaker 0

对吧?

Right?

Speaker 0

那里有军事基地,你知道的,成千上万的士兵。

There's a military base there, you know, thousands tens of thousands of troops.

Speaker 0

日本的宪法是由美国起草的。

Japan's constitution is written by The US.

Speaker 0

最重要的是,日本不是一个主权国家。

And most importantly, Japan's not a sovereign.

Speaker 0

换一种说法,2017年《纽约时报》发布了一篇文章,称2010年中国在境内击毙了多名美国间谍。

One way of putting that, in 2017, actually, NYT released an article that said in 2010, China had killed a bunch of American spies in in China.

Speaker 0

对吧?

Right?

Speaker 0

日本永远做不到这一点。

Japan can never do that.

Speaker 0

这意味着中国有一些美国看不到的决策过程,而日本则无法拥有。

That means China has deliberations that America can't see in a way Japan couldn't.

Speaker 0

因此,日本在广场协议后受到了限制。

And so Japan, with the plaza accords, it was handicapped.

Speaker 0

它被迫购买美国国债。

It was forced to buy US treasuries.

Speaker 0

它整个十年的停滞期,就是从那时开始的。

Its whole decade of stagnations, you know, began at that point.

Speaker 0

而中国对此高度警惕,绝不会重蹈覆辙。

And China's hyperconscious of not going through that.

Speaker 0

因此,中国在每一个阶段都尽量少花钱,以维护更多主权。

So China, at all at all stages, it took less money to preserve more sovereignty.

Speaker 0

为了维护主权,它在某些方面接受了更不利的条件。

It took worse terms in some ways to preserve.

Speaker 0

对吧?

Right?

Speaker 0

因此,由于这种本能,比如构建防火墙,当它禁止外国社交媒体并建立自己的系统时,就承受了所有这些打击。

So because of that instinct, that wall building you know, for example, it took all these hits when it banned foreign social media and it built its own.

Speaker 0

对吧?

Right?

Speaker 0

它不断承受这些公关打击,却仍愿意这么做以维护主权。

All these PR hits constantly, and it was willing to do that to preserve sovereignty.

Speaker 0

我认为,无论好坏,这都将成为本世纪一项富有远见的决策。

I think that's gonna end up being the farsighted decision for better or worse in in this century.

Speaker 0

比如,你看到乌克兰在俄罗斯领土上操控无人机的情况了吗?

For example, do you see what happened with Ukraine where they're scripting drones on Russian soil?

Speaker 1

没有。

No.

Speaker 1

那是什么意思?

What what what does that mean?

Speaker 0

几个月前,乌克兰人成功让一些爆炸无人机在俄罗斯境内启动并炸毁目标。

So, like, a few months ago, the Ukrainians managed to, like, have some exploding drones activate within Russia and go blow things up.

Speaker 0

对吧?

Right?

Speaker 0

所以他们能从那边控制这些设备。

So they could they could control things from over there.

Speaker 0

对吧?

Right?

Speaker 0

在我看来,这意味着——其实我十二年前就讨论过这个,但现在它真的变成了现实。

So in my view, that means and I and I talked about this actually twelve years ago, but now it's actually becoming real.

Speaker 0

数字边界和物理边界本质上是一回事。

Digital borders and physical borders are like the same thing.

Speaker 0

对吧?

Right?

Speaker 0

你们的防火墙在某些方面是一种极具远见的举措,因为它建立了数字上的硬性边界。

Your fire the great firewall will be seen in some ways a very farsighted thing because it is digital hard borders.

Speaker 0

人们无法在中国境内操控无人机。

People won't be able to script drones on Chinese soil.

Speaker 0

他们也无法在中国境内操控人形机器人。

They won't be able to script humanoids on Chinese soil.

Speaker 0

他们也无法向中国境内传播破坏性的迷因或致瘫性迷因。

They won't be able to also send in destabilized memes desabling memes into Chinese soil.

Speaker 0

对吧?

Right?

Speaker 0

而未经审查的英语圈互联网则会充满各种剪辑言论和疯狂内容,正像我们目前看到的那样,让所有人都陷入疯狂。

Whereas the unmoderated anglospheric Internet will just be filled with all of these scissor statements and crazy things that are all driving everybody crazy as we're seeing.

Speaker 0

是的。

Yes.

Speaker 0

因此,中国也因此得到了保护,因为人们只说中文。

And so China's also insulated against that because people only speak Chinese.

Speaker 0

所以,习近平已经把英语从学校课程中取消了。

So and and Xi has taken English out of the schools.

Speaker 0

所以他们有多重防火墙,可以悠闲地喝着绿茶,而其他国家的人们却在互相争斗,随着美元的衰落而陷入混乱。

So they've got multiple levels of firewall, and they can just sip green tea, and everybody is shooting each other in other countries as the dollar goes away.

Speaker 1

我觉得这是一个相当有说服力的观点。

Think that is a reasonably compelling idea.

Speaker 1

我认为

I think that

Speaker 0

我有个问题想问,但你先说吧。

I have a question for this, but but go ahead.

Speaker 0

说吧,说吧,继续。

Go go go.

Speaker 1

我觉得中国人真正领悟了拿破仑的名言:胜利属于不犯错的一方。

Feel like the Chinese are they've really taken Napoleon's maxim to heart that the game goes to he who does not lose.

Speaker 1

显然,拿破仑

Now, obviously, Napoleon

Speaker 0

什么都不做就能赢的梗。

The do nothing win meme.

Speaker 1

拿破仑赢了几乎所有的战役,但他只是输掉了滑铁卢和另外几场。

Napoleon won, like, nearly all his battles, but he just lost Waterloo and a couple of others.

Speaker 1

对吧?

Right?

Speaker 1

然后他输了,而且输得很惨。

And then he lost, and he lost he lost badly.

Speaker 1

对吧?

Right?

Speaker 1

所以我认为中国人非常致力于不输。

And so I think the Chinese are very intent on not losing.

Speaker 1

当然,我也看到一些中国人做得不错的地方。

And there is certainly some good things that I see that the Chinese are doing.

Speaker 1

我的意思是,我同意回头来看,伟大的防火墙是一个明智的决定。

I mean, I agree that the Great Firewall, in retrospect, looks like a good decision.

Speaker 1

你会遭受很多公关打击。

You take a lot of PR hits.

Speaker 1

但正如我在其中一封信中所写,当国会定期把扎克伯格、推特和其他人叫去国会,指责他们的产品很糟糕时,很难说中国在2010年代后期真的想要互联网。

But as I wrote in one of my letters, it becomes really difficult to say that the Chinese really wanted the Internet in the late twenty ten's when Congress was regularly dragging Zuckerberg and Twitter and everyone else into Congress to say, your products suck.

Speaker 1

你们正在毁掉我们。

You're destroying us.

Speaker 1

你们正在杀死我们,老兄。

You're killing us, man.

Speaker 1

所以,我认为你不能告诉中国人,你们真的需要这些产品进入你们的国家。

And so, you know, I think like you can't tell the Chinese you really need these products in your state.

Speaker 1

我觉得这很有道理。

I And think that makes a lot of good sense.

Speaker 1

我关注一下当今人工智能的发展情况。

I take a look at what is going on with AI today.

Speaker 1

上周我们有了Sora,能够生成极其逼真的视频,朋友们告诉我,他们的家人根本无法分辨这是AI生成的片段,对吧?

Last week we have Sora too, and we were able to produce like hyper realistic slop that friends have told me that their family members were not able to distinguish that this was an AI generated cameo, right?

Speaker 1

我觉得这简直不可思议。

And I think that's kind of incredible.

Speaker 1

我们为什么如此专注于发布这些东西?

Like why are we so focused on releasing this stuff?

Speaker 1

这似乎是一些人工智能实验室在完全没有考虑国家和民众实际如何使用这些技术的情况下做出的疯狂决定。

And this seems like crazy decisions being taken by the AI labs without any real consideration for how state, how the people might actually use it.

Speaker 1

因此,某种程度上,我觉得中国只想保持绝对稳定,关上天朝的大门,让蛮夷们自相残杀,吃点年糕,喝点绿茶。

And so there is a sense in which I think that China just wants to be totally stable, and then close the doors of the celestial empire, and then let the barbarians tear each other apart, and eat some mochi balls, and then drink green tea.

Speaker 1

是的。

Yeah.

Speaker 1

我的意思是,这听起来不错。

I mean, that sounds good.

Speaker 1

但我认为这里有个问题,那就是唯一能伤害中国的力量就是中共,我在我的书里写过他们如何实施清零政策。

But I think that there is a problem here, which is that the only force capable of hurting China is the CCP, which I mean, in my book, I write about how they Zero COVID.

Speaker 1

他们实施了清零政策,还有独生子女政策,当时他们真的非常愚蠢,以一种极其刻板、死板的方式思考问题。

Had zero COVID, and they had the one child policy, in which they were really dumb, and they were really autistic about thinking in such literal minded terms.

Speaker 1

哦,如果我们人口过剩,就会面临生态灾难。

Oh, there's gonna be ecological doom if we have overpopulation.

Speaker 1

解决方案是每对夫妇只生一个孩子,然后在这段时间内进行三亿次堕胎。

The solution is one child per couple, and then conduct 300,000,000 abortions over this period.

Speaker 1

或者,哦,我们根本不在乎那些需要化疗或透析治疗的人。

Or, oh, we don't care about people who need chemotherapy or need dialysis treatment.

Speaker 1

我们唯一关心的是阻止新冠病毒的传播,因此我们将不惜一切代价阻止病毒传播。

The only thing that we care about is preventing the spread of the COVID virus, and so we are going to prevent the spread of the virus at all costs.

Speaker 1

所以,我认为,正是这些思维刻板的工程师们,不会放过普通人。

And so, you know, here is where I think the engineers with their literal mindedness will not be able to leave the people alone.

Speaker 1

我认为,对中国来说最好的情况是,中共整天喝着绿茶,干脆放任人民自生自灭。

I think the best case scenario for China is if the CCP decides to spend all day sipping green tea and then just leave the people alone.

Speaker 1

但我不认为他们会这么做。

And I don't I don't think they're gonna do that.

Speaker 1

我认为他们会想出新的、独特的方式来自己毁掉这个国家。

I think they're gonna figure out new and novel ways to destroy the country themselves.

Speaker 1

你怎么看?

What do you think?

Speaker 0

这很有趣,因为我先要为中国的立场辩护,然后再反驳中国。

So it's interesting because I wanna make the case for China, and then I'll make the case against China.

Speaker 0

对吧?

Right?

Speaker 0

但我的意思是,假设一个论点有v1、v2、v3、v4几个版本。

But that's to say, let's say there's, like, v one, v two, v three, v four of an argument.

Speaker 0

你明白我的意思吗?

You know what mean?

Speaker 0

我觉得你和我可能已经处在v4阶段了,但让我先从v1、v2开始,这样我们才能理解这个演进过程。

I think maybe you and I are on v four, but let me let me let me do the v one, v two to get to our progression.

Speaker 0

对吧?

Right?

Speaker 0

因为你得先面对那些不成熟的论点,然后再应对更高级的论点。

Because you go to unsophisticated arguments against the sophisticated one.

Speaker 0

对吧?

Right?

Speaker 0

好的。

Okay.

Speaker 0

所以第一个观点是那种天真的看法,认为那就是中国共产党。

So the v one is kind of the naive, like, that's a Chinese communist party.

Speaker 0

他们认为中国人都是毛主义者,存在强迫劳动等等。

They're you know, and people think they're all Maoists and it's slave labor and so on and so forth.

Speaker 0

或者认为他们仍然是意识形态上的毛主义者。

And that's also that's a or that they're still the ideological Maoists.

Speaker 0

他们对中国的认知非常过时。

They've got a very outdated view of what China is.

Speaker 0

他们看到中国城市,反应是:天啊。

They see the Chinese cities, and their response is, oh my god.

Speaker 0

城市里都是LED灯。

There's LEDs on the cities.

Speaker 0

他们没意识到,这些城市三十年前根本不存在。

They don't realize the point is the cities didn't exist thirty years ago.

Speaker 0

对吧?

Right?

Speaker 0

而且它们其实非常干净、美丽,或者类似这样。

And they're actually very clean and and beautiful or whatever.

Speaker 0

然后是v2类型,我并不是在攻击他,但比如说像X平台上的阿尔诺·贝尔特朗,或者卡尔·扎,他们基本上就是说:‘欢迎我们的中国新主人。’

Then the v two is I'm not attacking him, but let's say somebody like Arnaud Bertrand on x, right, or Carl Za, which is basically, you know, I welcome our new Chinese overlord.

Speaker 0

就是那种会说出这种话的人。

Someone someone who will say something like that.

Speaker 0

对吧?

Right?

Speaker 0

他们的论点类似于:美国一直在中东制造破坏。

And it's like their case is something like America's been blowing up the Middle East.

Speaker 0

而中国则在非洲进行建设。

China's been building up Africa.

Speaker 0

美国只是为富人提供救助型经济。

America just has a bailout economy for the wealthy.

Speaker 0

中国则为所有人带来共同繁荣。

China has shared prosperity for everybody.

Speaker 0

中国没有发动过任何战争。

China hasn't started any wars.

Speaker 0

美国却在发动所有这些战争。

America's starting all these wars.

Speaker 0

中国内部团结一致。

China's internally united.

Speaker 0

美国则完全分裂。

America's are fully divided.

Speaker 0

而且,实际上,这些关税政策下,中国一直在接连达成贸易协议。

And, actually, also with these tariffs, China's been doing trade deal after trade deal.

Speaker 0

顺便说一下,这也正是我认为小米、比亚迪、DGI等公司的市值可能会上涨的原因,因为中国市场的准入范围随着习近平近期签署的一系列贸易协议而扩大,而这恰恰是关税政策逆转的结果。

And by the way, that also is why I think Xiaomi or, you know, BYD, DGI, their market caps will probably rise because Chinese market Chinese market access has expanded as a function of all these trade deals that, you know, Xi has recently inked as a function of the reverse thing on the tariffs.

Speaker 0

好的。

Okay.

Speaker 0

然后是V3。

Then the v three.

Speaker 0

所以第一个观点是,你知道,美国还停留在1945年。

So that is like the first is, you know, USA is still 1945.

Speaker 0

它会赢的。

It's gonna win.

Speaker 0

中国很糟糕。

China sucks.

Speaker 0

第二个观点其实是,中国非常强大,而且很好。

The second is actually China's super strong, and it's good.

Speaker 0

一切都会好起来的。

Everything will be fine.

Speaker 0

V3的观点基本上是:美国在1945年到1991年间整体上比苏联更好,但赢得冷战后,它逐渐变得越来越差,开始轰炸他人、滥用权力等等。

The v three argument is basically The US was on balance better than the Soviet Union from '45 to '91, but then after it won, it became by degrees worse and worse and worse behaved and started bombing people and abusing its power and so on.

Speaker 0

我认为其中一个角度是,在国内,中国是一党制,但在国外,它却像两党制,因为受到美国的制衡。

And one way I think about it is at home, China's a one party state, but abroad, it's a two party state because it's checked by America.

Speaker 0

相反,美国在国内是两党制,有民主党和共和党,但在国外却像一党制,因为它 unchecked,到处发动战争。

Conversely, America at home is a two party state with Democrat, Republican, but abroad was a one party state where it blow up everybody because it wasn't checked.

Speaker 0

这种视角对理解过去三十年左右的局势挺有意思的。

It's interesting way of thinking about the last thirty years or so.

Speaker 0

对吧?

Right?

Speaker 0

现在美国正在回归本土,因为如果它的国防战略是认真的,那就意味着要从亚洲撤回军队。

And now America's coming home because, you know, it's the national defense strategy, if it's real, says pulling troops back from Asia.

Speaker 0

也就是说,它正在从帝国转变为一个普通国家。

Like, it's becoming a country, not an empire.

Speaker 0

它正在放弃帝国的负担,就像苏联解体一样。

It's giving up the imperial burden like the end of the Soviet Union.

Speaker 0

所以坏的一面,也就是v三观点,是China将以一种拥有无制衡权力的方式扩张。

And so the bad part, the v three, is China will expand in such a way that it actually has unchecked power.

Speaker 0

而且,例如,如果没有其他国家发出的信号,中国的清零政策根本不可能被取消。

And even, for example, zero COVID would never have actually been undone in China without the signal from other countries.

Speaker 0

因为海外华人知道,清零政策在其他国家行不通,因为其他国家已经采取了不同做法,这种外部信号确实在某种程度上传入了中国,人们意识到中国人不必这样生活,这本身就是一种信号。

Because the Chinese diaspora knew that zero COVID wasn't working elsewhere because other countries were you know, that that external signal was certainly filtering into China in some ways, And people were aware that Chinese people didn't have to live like this, and that was part of the signal.

Speaker 0

我认为另一部分原因是习近平只是想在2022年成功连任,而清零政策某种程度上是用来清除那些对他不够忠诚的人。

And I think another part of it is Xi just wanted to win his reelection in 2022, and zero COVID was sort of a way to winkle out anybody who wasn't super loyal to him.

Speaker 0

然后就在那之后,大概是11月,他们突然全面放开了一切。

And then right after, think the November, then they unlocked everything.

Speaker 0

所以这根本不是关于清零政策,而是关于第三任期还是第四任期,不管怎么说。

So it wasn't really about zero COVID, was about third term or fourth term, whatever.

Speaker 0

你知道的。

You know?

Speaker 0

还有任期。

And the term.

Speaker 0

所以接下来的第四点基本上会说,好吧。

And so then the v four would basically say, okay.

Speaker 0

美国正在走向归零。

The USA is going to zero.

Speaker 0

它的债务不是三十六万亿美元。

It's it's not 36,000,000,000,000 debt.

Speaker 0

它的债务是一百七十五万亿美元。

It's a 175,000,000,000,000 debt.

Speaker 0

美元相对于黄金正在贬值。

The dollar is being devalued against gold.

Speaker 0

它相对于比特币贬值了十万倍。

It's dropped by a 100,000,000 x against Bitcoin.

Speaker 0

它正在撤回其军队。

It's pulling back its troops.

Speaker 0

国内人们正在互相开枪。

People are shooting each other domestically.

Speaker 0

它正在告诉北约自己去打仗。

It's telling NATO to go fight for itself.

Speaker 0

它实际上是在自我制裁贸易,本质上是从世界事务中撤出。

It's it's basically sanctioning itself on trade, essentially withdrawing itself from world affairs.

Speaker 0

你知道吗,你看过铁笼赛吗?

It's like you know, have you seen a steel cage match?

Speaker 0

是的。

Yeah.

Speaker 0

对。

Yeah.

Speaker 0

想象一下,一道新的铁幕,像一个钢笼UFC八角笼一样笼罩美国,所有人才都被要求回家。

So imagine I imagine like a new iron curtain, like a steel cage UFC octagon thing descending over America, and all talent is told, go home.

Speaker 0

所有研究人员都被要求回家。

All the researchers are told to go home.

Speaker 0

所有财富正流向互联网,而标普7或数字资产 treasury 公司,标普493却持平。

All the wealth is getting going to the Internet, whereas S and P seven or the digital asset treasury companies, S and P four ninety three is flat.

Speaker 0

美国国债已跌至零。

US treasuries are down to zero.

Speaker 0

相反,所有的制造业和军事力量都集中在中国,因为那里有机器人和无人机,而媒体和资金则全部流向了互联网。

And, conversely, all the manufacturing and military is in China because of robots and drones there and all the media and money is on the Internet.

Speaker 0

现在,北美就像一个巨大的钢铁笼子,充满了叫喊和枪击。

And now North America is just this gigantic steel cage match with all the shouting and all the shooting.

Speaker 0

这就像二十世纪欧洲大陆在共产主义统治下的情况,令人遗憾。

And it's like, basically, what the Eurasian Continent was under communism, unfortunately, in the twentieth century.

Speaker 0

各种疯狂的人互相开枪,军阀混战,苏联解体,塔吉克斯坦内战,所有这些事情都正在向北美蔓延。

All kinds of crazy people shooting each other, warlord era, collapse of Soviet Union, Tajikistan, civil war, all that kind of stuff, and things coming to North America.

Speaker 0

所以,在V4时代,基本上就是如此。

So in the v four is basically, okay.

Speaker 0

在这个世界里,需要某种力量来平衡中国的无人机舰队。

In that world, something needs to balance the Chinese drone armada.

Speaker 0

因为中国将会变得极其、极其、极其、极其、极其强大。

Because China will be insanely, insanely, insanely, insanely, insanely powerful.

Speaker 0

它的实力将达到美国巅峰时期的五到十倍。

It'll be like five or 10 x America at its peak.

Speaker 0

这是因为它的势头实际上越来越强了。

It will be because it's it's actually hitting more steam.

Speaker 0

中国的产能过剩意味着有无数的零件从地里冒出来。

Chinese overproduction just means, like, so many widgets popping out of, you know, the ground.

Speaker 0

它们仍在持续增强势头。

They're they're they're still gaining steam.

Speaker 0

对吧?

Right?

Speaker 0

就像这个国家还没有完全发展起来。

Like, the country still hasn't been fully developed.

Speaker 0

因此,中国将成为有史以来最强大的实体力量。

And so China will just be the most powerful physical force to have ever existed.

Speaker 0

而如今,许多美国人还没有在心理上进入这个世界,因为他们仍然认为美军依然存在。

And right now, many Americans aren't mentally living in that world because they still think like the US military exists.

Speaker 0

对吧?

Right?

Speaker 0

但美国军队不幸地被胡塞武装击败了。

But the US military has been, unfortunately, beaten by the Houthis.

Speaker 0

北约正在被俄罗斯击败。

NATO is being beaten by Russia.

Speaker 0

如果北约能被俄罗斯击败到与普京进行和平条约谈判的地步,那中国轻松是俄罗斯的十倍。

If NATO can be beaten by Russia to the point that there's peace treaty talks with Putin, China's like 10 x Russia easily.

Speaker 0

你知道,哈格说过,中国的高超音速武器可以击沉所有美国航母。

You know, Hag said this said, Chinese hypersonics can sink all US aircraft carriers.

Speaker 0

对吧?

Right?

Speaker 0

美国海军部长说,一个中国船厂生产的舰船数量超过整个美国海军的总和。

The secretary of the navy said one Chinese shipyard makes more ships than the whole US navy combined.

Speaker 0

对吧?

Right?

Speaker 0

雷神公司的首席执行官表示,你无法与中国脱钩。

Raytheon's CEO has said, you can't decouple from China.

Speaker 0

那么,有什么能平衡中国的大规模无人机群呢?

So what can possibly balance a Chinese drone armada?

Speaker 0

我认为,美国那种靠拳头硬拼的思维方式,是一种非常浪漫的二十世纪观念,根本无法对抗中国。

I think the entire American mentality of, like, fighting with your fist and so on and so forth is a very romantic twentieth century thing that can't be done against China.

Speaker 0

因此,你实际上需要一种完全不同的东西——甘地式的非暴力、去中心化、敏捷性和隐蔽性,必须与这种庞大的力量截然不同。

So you actually need something totally different, which is Gandhian nonviolence, decentralization, agility, invisibility, something totally, totally different against this enormous force.

Speaker 0

所以,这就是我对V4的看法。

So that's where I'm at with, like, v four.

Speaker 0

让我先停一下,因为刚才说的内容太多了。

Let me pause there because that was a lot.

Speaker 0

我想听听你的想法。

That'll make I'll get your thoughts.

Speaker 1

是的。

Yeah.

Speaker 1

我觉得我的问题是,我现在已经到了V73,它和V1有惊人的相似之处,我觉得自己莫名其妙地又回到了蛇梯棋的起点。

I think my my problem is that I'm on, like, v 73, and it has a remarkable convergence with V1, and I think I've kind of horse shooed my way back into the start of the snakes and ladders.

Speaker 1

我觉得这一点上,你说得对,两者确实都带有一种负面元素,这正是我想说的:你提到MAGA吸引的是作为美国人的同性恋者,而不是作为同性恋者的同性恋者。

I think this is, I think, I mean, you're right that there is kind of this negative element with both of them, and this is where I I would I mean, I think about how you say that MAGA was appealing to the gays as Americans rather than as gays.

Speaker 1

我觉得这有一定道理,但MAGA也非常热衷于界定内部敌人,而且他们很可能希望把更多同性恋者关进监狱。

I I I think there is something to that, but there is also you know, MAGA is also very interested in defining who the internal enemies are, and probably they're throwing they would like to throw more of the gays in jail.

Speaker 1

他们说

And they say

Speaker 0

在2025年,是的。

In '25, yes.

Speaker 0

也许在2024年。

In 2024 Maybe.

Speaker 0

直到选举之前,他们的信息完全是另一回事。

It was it was a very different message up until the election.

Speaker 0

然后在2034年就变了,是的。

Then shifted '34 yeah.

Speaker 1

你继续说。

Go ahead.

Speaker 1

我的意思是,当你听到像‘遗产美国人’这样的词时,我首先想到的是,当你说到‘遗产美国人’,我会想到一顿盛大的感恩节晚餐,中间摆着一只大火鸡。

Well, I mean, I when you hear these terms like heritage Americans, first, I think of, like when you say heritage American, I think of, like, a giant Thanksgiving dinner that's with a big turkey in the middle.

Speaker 1

你知道,我觉得这些词都相当奇怪。

And, you know, I think that it's just these very strange sort of terms.

Speaker 1

我同意,美国人似乎在自我施加一道铁幕,这感觉真的很奇怪。

I agree that there is kind of this iron curtain that the Americans are self imposing on themselves, And that feels really strange.

Speaker 1

也许让美军从世界其他地方撤出,放弃帝国负担是好事,但我认为把大量韩裔工程师——我们就叫他们韩国工程师吧——驱逐出境并不好,他们正努力建设

And maybe maybe it's good for the troops to withdraw from the rest of the world and give up the imperial burden, but I think it's not good to deport a lot of South Korean engineers, or let's just call them Korean engineers, who are trying to build

Speaker 0

美国人的遗产问题。

the issues, heritage of Americans.

Speaker 1

没错。

That's right.

Speaker 1

并且用锁链羞辱他们。

And humiliate them in chains.

Speaker 1

这完全是自取其辱。

That is totally a horrible own goal.

Speaker 1

我总是非常清楚,中国人自己也会给自己制造麻烦。

I'm just always very conscious of the ability for the Chinese to impose own goals for themselves as well.

Speaker 1

如果他们整天喝绿茶就好了,但他们就是闲不住,总要插手每一件事。

Now it would be great if they spent all day sipping green tea, but they can't leave anything alone, and they just constantly have to meddle in everything.

Speaker 1

美国是凯恩斯主义的吗?

Is America Keynesian?

Speaker 1

是的,也许吧。

Yeah, sure, maybe.

Speaker 1

但根据亚当·图兹的说法,中国人要凯恩斯主义得多。

But the Chinese are, according to Adam Tooze, just so much more Keynesian.

Speaker 1

他们把一切都凯恩斯化了,对吧?

They Keynes everything, right?

Speaker 1

我觉得这是一种无休止的干预心态。

And I think that there is kind of just this endless meddling mentality.

Speaker 1

让我再提出一个更广泛的观点:我认为美国和中国正处于竞争之中,而不是一方拥有所有结构性优势,我不认同这种说法。

And let me just make a broader point, which is that I think The US and China are in competition, and rather than one country having all of the structural advantages on its side, I think I wouldn't agree with that characterization.

Speaker 1

我认为美国完全可以指出自身拥有的这些巨大优势。

I think that The US can very credibly point to these amazing strengths that The US has.

Speaker 1

我认为中国也可以指出自身的这些巨大优势,特别是这些威力强大的无人机群。

I think China can also point to these amazing strengths, namely these drone armadas, which are very powerful.

Speaker 1

但如果你想要聚焦于美国最糟糕的一面,你当然可以描绘出一幅可怕的图景,中国也同样如此。

But there's also you can if you wanted to focus on the most ugly parts of America, you can definitely paint a horrible picture just as the same with how you can do that with China.

Speaker 1

因此,我对这一切的思维模型是,这是一场长期的竞争。

And so my mental model for all of this is that this is a long term competition.

Speaker 1

不会有任何一个国家会彻底崩溃,无法像戈尔巴乔夫那样将苏联推向终结后又重新崛起。

There will be no country that completely implodes and fails to get up get back up in the way that Gorbachev did really kinda drive the Soviet Union.

Speaker 1

好的。

Okay.

Speaker 0

所以这是个重大的分歧。

So that's that's a big difference of opinion.

Speaker 0

但你先说完,我再发表意见。

But just finish your saying, and I'll say something.

Speaker 0

说吧。

Go.

Speaker 1

我认为,当一个国家领先时,往往会变得自满并犯下许多错误。

I think that, you know, when one country is ahead, it is going to get overconfident and make a lot of mistakes.

Speaker 1

因为我亲身经历了中国在2020年底和2021年初的情况,那时习近平觉得自己站在了世界之巅。

Because I felt like I lived through this in China when at the end of 2020 and the start of 2021, Xi Jinping felt like he was at the top of the world.

Speaker 1

他成功控制了新冠疫情,而美国却没有做到。

He was able to control COVID in which The US was not.

Speaker 1

1月6日事件刚发生,中国看起来像是一个极度稳定、经济繁荣的地方。

January 6 just happened, and China looked like it was like a super stable, economically prosperous place.

Speaker 1

那他决定做什么呢?

What does he decide to do?

Speaker 1

打压大量科技公司,摧毁房地产行业,同时还对新冠疫情管控得过于严苛。

Smash a lot of tech companies, destroy the real estate sector, and then also hold on too tightly to COVID.

Speaker 1

我认为这正是自满的典型错误。

I think that is a classic mistake of overconfidence.

Speaker 1

而且可以说

And arguably

Speaker 0

但这是不是呢?让我们从2025年的角度来分析一下。

Was it but was it because let's analyze it now from 2025.

Speaker 1

好的。

Okay.

Speaker 1

好的,你继续。

Key Go ahead.

Speaker 0

三条红线本质上是对房地产泡沫进行了一种受控的拆除。

The three red lines essentially were sort of a controlled demolition of the real estate bubble.

Speaker 0

它实际上并没有彻底摧毁经济。

It didn't actually fully crash the economy.

Speaker 0

他打击了电子游戏产业。

He went after the video games.

Speaker 0

他还打击了课外辅导,当时课外辅导领域出现了红皇后效应。

He went after after school tutoring, which there was a Red Queen phenomenon after school.

Speaker 0

他确实打击了各种人群,比如企业家之类的。

He definitely hit all kinds of people on you know, you know, entrepreneurs and so on.

Speaker 0

但先进制造业的转型是成功的。

But advanced manufacturing, the transition into it did work.

Speaker 0

我知道你在书里提到过‘小粉红’的说法,但也许他们其实是对的,因为他避开了美国的‘火经济’,也就是金融、保险和房地产。

I know you mentioned the little pinks in your book say this, but maybe they're actually right because he avoided the fire economy, you know, finance, insurance, real estate of The US.

Speaker 0

他没有过度深入其中,只是戳破了泡沫,似乎并没有造成太大损害。

He avoided going too far into it, popped it, doesn't seem to have it caused some damage.

Speaker 0

我的意思是,换个角度想,如果把国家看作一个平台,而公司则是运行在上面的应用程序,对吧?有时候扎克伯格会对Facebook的API做出重大变更,比如当年就曾破坏了Zynga这样的公司,你还记得吗?

I mean, one way of thinking about it, if the country you know, rather than talking about it in a very ideological terms, if the country is like the platform and the companies are like the apps on that platform, right, sometimes Zuck will make like a breaking change to the Facebook APIs and break Zynga, for example, if you remember when they did that.

Speaker 0

对吧?

Right?

Speaker 0

因为当时Zynga在信息流里刷屏太严重了。

Because it was spamming the feed too much.

Speaker 0

我对Zynga或者其他公司没什么意见。

Nothing nothing against Zynga or whatever.

Speaker 0

你只是在为最多人带来最大利益而做这个决定。

You're just making that decision the greatest good for the greatest number.

Speaker 0

比如,Zynga 有它自己的运作方式,但从长远来看,这太多人被僵尸之类的内容刷屏了。

Like, Zynga is working in its own way, but long term, this is spamming too many people with zombies or whatever it is.

Speaker 0

所以,实际上,不是的。

So, actually, no.

Speaker 0

我们不希望有 Zynga。

We don't wanna have Zynga.

Speaker 0

我们要把 Zynga 推进它自己的归档收件箱,就像垃圾邮件收件箱那样,等等。

We're gonna push Zynga into its own archived inbox, like a spam inbox, and so on and so forth.

Speaker 0

同样地,如果他掌控了中国平台的根权限,他会说:其实,我们不想要这些应用。

And so in the same way, if he's like got he's got root over the Chinese platform, he's like, actually, we don't want these apps.

Speaker 0

我们不想要这些应用,就像我们不想要太多先进制造业那样,而后者似乎已经奏效了。

We don't want any more than we want the advanced manufacturing stuff, which seems to have worked.

Speaker 1

是的。

Yeah.

Speaker 1

我的意思是,如果对我们经济来说唯一重要的是先进制造业,那我坚持认为制造业几乎是全部,谁也别想让我改变这个立场。

I mean, if if the only thing that matters to our economy is advanced manufacturing, and I am going to let no one talk me down from my stance that manufacturing is almost everything.

Speaker 1

所以我认为制造业真的非常重要。

And so I think that manufacturing is really important.

Speaker 1

但他不仅伤害了大量电子游戏。

But he didn't only hurt a lot of the video games.

Speaker 1

也许,是的,你应该管控电子游戏。

And maybe, yeah, you should control the video games.

Speaker 1

你应该管控社交媒体。

You should control the social media.

Speaker 1

你应该管控短视频应用。

You should control the short form video apps.

Speaker 1

你应该管控人工智能垃圾内容。

You should control the AI slop.

Speaker 1

坦白说,美国人应该在所有这些方面做得更多。

Frankly, the Americans ought to do more on all of these different things.

Speaker 1

他还打压了像马云、约翰这样的人

He also smacked around people like Jack Ma, people like John

Speaker 0

打压真正的实干家。

Yankin Real guys.

Speaker 1

还有其他人。

And other people.

Speaker 1

对吧?

Right?

Speaker 1

所以这也相当重要。

And so that's pretty important too.

Speaker 1

因此,我认为仍然有必要翻过《华尔街日报》的商业版面,再往后翻到经济版面。

And so this is where I think that it is still important to flip a few more pages, past the business pages of The Wall Street Journal into the economics pages.

Speaker 1

因为青年失业是真实存在的。

Because youth unemployment is real.

Speaker 1

失业问题确实严重。

Tomping is real.

Speaker 1

你提到通货膨胀是弗里德曼所说的那个水平吗?

You talk about inflation being what's the Friedman line?

Speaker 1

通货膨胀是一种税收。

Inflation is a taxation.

Speaker 0

通货膨胀是未经立法的税收。

Inflation is taxation without legislation.

Speaker 1

未经立法。

Without legislation.

Speaker 1

而且我认为,是的,通货膨胀是坏事。

And I think, you know, yeah, inflation is bad.

Speaker 1

但可能比通货膨胀更糟糕的只有通货紧缩,而中国人还难以摆脱这种状况。

But the only thing that might be worse than inflation is deflation, which the Chinese are not quite able to get out of.

Speaker 1

而C是个典型的婴儿潮一代,他会问:为什么人们讨厌通货紧缩?

And c is kind of this boomer who says, why do people dislike deflation?

Speaker 1

难道人们不喜欢更低的价格吗?

Don't people like lower prices?

Speaker 1

如果你是个投资者,那就不是了

Not if you're an investing

Speaker 0

好吧,这里是我想要和你争论的地方。

Well, here's where I'll here's where I wanna argue with you.

Speaker 0

说吧。

Go.

Speaker 0

我来说。

I'll go.

Speaker 0

你说我会

You're saying I'll

Speaker 1

好吧。

Alright.

Speaker 1

让我再补充一点,我认为,那个最终领先的国家将会犯下各种由过度自信和傲慢驱动的错误,而这正是我认为她大部分时候所做的事情。

Well, let me let me just make one more point, I is think that, you know, the country that's going to be ahead is going to make all sorts of mistakes driven by overconfidence and hubris, which is what I think, for the most part, she did.

Speaker 1

我认为,对房地产行业的有控制的去泡沫化摧毁了人们对住房的大量信心,建筑活动仍未恢复,而且我们仍可能因为所谓对房地产行业的有控制的去泡沫化而遭遇某种奇怪的金融危机。

I think that the controlled demolition of the property sector destroyed a lot of confidence in housing, and construction activity is still not back, and we still might get some sort of a weird financial crisis because of the supposedly controlled demolition of the of the property sector.

Speaker 1

我认为这并没有像我们希望的那样被有效控制。

I think that this was not as controlled as we'd like to believe.

Speaker 1

可以说,美国变得过于自信,正是这种自信让它自己陷入了一场自相残杀的僵局。

And arguably, can say that The United States grew overconfident, which is how it imposed this octagon upon itself to make people destroy each other.

Speaker 1

这是过度自信造成的错误。

That's a mistake of overconfidence.

Speaker 1

但你领先得越多,就越容易犯这类错误;你落后得越多,就越关注弥补自身的不足,这就是为什么我认为这场竞争会长期处于胶着状态,因为我们不能仅凭结构性优势来评判一场竞赛。

But the more that you're ahead, the more you'll make these sort of mistakes, the more that you're behind, the more that you're interested in patching up your deficiencies, which is why I think this is gonna be kind of a neck and neck race for a very long time, because we can't just look at a race based on structural advantages.

Speaker 1

随着进程推进,人们会跌倒、踉跄,并更加奋力拼搏。

As it goes on, people will trip up and stumble and fight harder.

Speaker 0

好的,这就是我的世界观,也是我与你观点分歧的几个关键点。

Okay, so here is my worldview and where I disagree with you on is basically a few things.

Speaker 0

首先,我不确定美国作为政治实体还能维持多久。

First is, I don't know if The US has that much longer to live as, like, a coherent political entity.

Speaker 0

我认为我们正处在类似苏联解体的边缘。

I think we're on the verge of a end of USSR type scenario.

Speaker 0

达利奥将这种情况描述为债务心脏病。

Dalio describes this as a debt heart attack.

Speaker 0

马斯克认为政府不会存在太久。

Elon thinks the government isn't gonna last very long.

Speaker 0

你看到黄金正在取代美国国债。

You're seeing gold flipping US treasuries.

Speaker 0

例如,如果你看了那张图表,黄金正在取代美国国债成为各国的储备资产,而比特币相对于它的涨幅更是超过了千万倍。

For example, if you saw that graph, gold is flipping US treasuries as reserve asset of states, and certainly, Bitcoin has risen more than a 100,000,000 x against it.

Speaker 0

你知道,美国已经不再是像过去那样成为全球百万富翁的首选目的地了,直到2019年,美国还吸引了上万名百万富翁。

There is you know, The US has not become the debt like, The US used to be the number one destination for global millionaires up to 2019, plus 10,000 millionaires.

Speaker 0

2020年之后,这个数字下降了85%。

After 2020, it dropped 85%.

Speaker 0

至今仍未恢复。

It hasn't recovered.

Speaker 0

全球百万富翁的资金已转移到迪拜和新加坡,分别位列第一和第二。

And global millionaires capital has relocated to Dubai and Singapore, number one and number two.

Speaker 0

这些百万富翁也离开了中国,但中国再生他们的速度非常快,所以对他们来说,情况基本上还算稳定。

They've left China as well, a good chunk of those millionaires, but China regenerates them so fast in a you know, that that it's actually it's it's basically seemingly fine for them.

Speaker 0

我认为,中国的观点是,新一代的20岁年轻人只会说中文。

And China's view, I think, is that the new up and coming generation of 20 is speaks purely Chinese.

Speaker 0

他们使用的全是中文应用。

They have purely Chinese apps.

Speaker 0

他们会成为纯粹的中国民族主义者。

They'll be Chinese nationalists.

Speaker 0

与那些对西方还有些同情的40岁一代或更年长的千禧一代企业家不同,他可能会说:你知道吗?

And unlike the 40 that have some sympathy for the West, a lot of these Gen X or older millennial entrepreneurs, he's like, you know what?

Speaker 0

你们怎么不走呢?

Why don't you guys go?

Speaker 0

这没关系。

And it's fine.

Speaker 0

马云可以去日本当老师之类的,做他现在在做的事,而中国其他人可以接手运营。

Jack Ma can be a teacher in Japan or something like that, what he's, you know, doing, and somebody else in China can run that.

Speaker 0

我们这里有十亿中国人。

We've got a billion Chinese people here.

Speaker 0

对吧?

Right?

Speaker 0

这基本上是习近平的赌注,他认为他可以不需要这些老一代的中国企业家。

That's essentially Xi's bet that he can do without these sort of older Chinese entrepreneurs.

Speaker 0

现在他只想要那些在习近平思想、中国应用软件环境中成长起来的年轻一代,他们认为中国第一,瑞幸比星巴克好。

And now he just wants those, the younger ones who have grown up on Xi Jinping Thought and all the Chinese apps and think China's number one and Luckin is better than Starbucks.

Speaker 0

也许他们是对的。

And maybe they're right.

Speaker 0

比亚迪在中立市场上的销量已超过特斯拉。

BYD is outselling Tesla in neutral markets.

Speaker 0

小米能在苹果还没推出时就成功交付汽车。

Xiaomi is able to ship a car when Apple wasn't.

Speaker 0

TikTok需要国家全面介入,而谷歌、脸书等公司的联合努力也无法击败TikTok。

TikTok needed total state intervention, and the combined efforts of Google and Facebook and and so and so forth couldn't beat TikTok.

Speaker 0

DJI是全球最便宜、规模最大的无人机制造商。

And DGI is the cheapest and largest scale drone manufacturer in the world.

Speaker 0

最终,你知道,美国在海外根本无法与中国竞争,除了可能的埃隆,但就连埃隆也处境艰难。

And in an end, you know, like, essentially, The US can't compete with China abroad with the exception of maybe Elon, and even Elon is having a tough time.

Speaker 0

在任何中立市场,中国产品都能胜出。

In any neutral market, Chinese products win.

Speaker 0

因此,美国只能退而求其次,试图通过关税和建立关税壁垒来保护自己,但从中长期来看这注定会失败,因为民主党人可能会背离这一政策。

And so The US has retreated to just trying tariff and build tariff barriers around The US, which is gonna fail in the medium to long run because the Democrats may defect from that.

Speaker 0

比如,纽森就说过,嘿。

Like, Newsom has said, hey.

Speaker 0

如果你们看到了,他可能会从中国进口商品。

Maybe he'll import goods from China if you saw that.

Speaker 0

对吧?

Right?

Speaker 0

这就是为什么我说,美国并不是美国。

Like, that's why I say America, it's not The United States.

Speaker 0

这只是美国。

It's just United States.

Speaker 0

蓝色美国有自己的外交政策,与红色美国不同,纽森、沃尔斯和希拉里·克林顿都曾暗示,他们可能希望比共和党人更亲近中国。

Blue America has its own foreign policy distinct from red America, and Newsom and Walls and Hillary Clinton have all signaled that they may wanna align more with China than than the Republicans do.

Speaker 0

你知道,你看纽森的事情,不只是他们为习近平清理了旧金山。

Like, you know, you saw the thing with Newsom and how it wasn't just that they cleaned up San Francisco for Xi.

Speaker 0

关键是,纽森是唯一一位获得与习近平会面机会的民主党人。

It was that Newsom was the only Democrat to get the meeting with Xi.

Speaker 0

你还记得吗?

Do you remember that?

Speaker 0

是的。

Yeah.

Speaker 0

我的看法是,很多美国人并不知道,在中国,你不能像奥巴马或特朗普那样直接跃升至总统职位。

My view on that is, again, a lot of Americans don't know this, like, within China, you you can't just jump straight to the presidency like Obama or or Trump.

Speaker 0

你必须从当一个村庄的市长开始,然后成为省长,一路晋升,最终进入中央委员会。

You have to go from, like, you know, mayor of a village and then governor of a province and all the way up and you make it to central committee.

Speaker 0

因此,习近平认识到纽森有着从旧金山市长到加州州长,乃至可能成为总统的相似路径,因而视他为一个可信的潜在人选。

And so Xi recognized Newsom as having a similar path going from San Francisco mayor to California governor to possibly president, so recognized him as a credible possible person.

Speaker 0

当纽森在中国时,他表示希望成为中国的长期稳定且强大的伙伴。

And when Newsom was in China, he said he wants to be China's long term stable and strong partner.

Speaker 0

我认为,在美元终结之后,这将是维系蓝营与红营最后的一根纽带,因为只有4%的民主党人会与共和党人结婚。

My view is that after the dollar ends, that's the last strand that's holding blue and red together because blues only 4% Democrats marry Republicans.

Speaker 0

民主党人当然不会投票给共和党人。

Democrats certainly don't vote for Republicans.

Speaker 0

民主党人甚至不再与共和党人交谈了。

Democrats don't even talk to Republicans anymore.

Speaker 0

他们各自生活在自己的蓝色天空与……你知道的,那种割裂状态中。

They're in their own blue sky versus x, you know, kind of thing.

Speaker 0

数字分离已经发生了。

Digital secession's already here.

Speaker 0

他们现在甚至开始互相射击、互相炸毁。

They're now starting to shoot each other, blow each other up.

Speaker 0

不幸的是,如今每天在X平台上都会出现新的杀人、疯狂爆炸事件。

There's a new killing, crazy blowing up thing on x every single day nowadays, unfortunately.

Speaker 0

所以,维系这一切的最后一张纸,难道不是人们常说的,它不是一个国家,而是一个经济区吗?

And so last piece of paper that's holding this thing together, it's not you know how people say it's not a it's a country, not an economic zone?

Speaker 0

你在X上看到过那种帖子吗?

You've seen that kind of post on x?

Speaker 0

是的。

Yes.

Speaker 0

它实际上是一个经济区,而不是一个国家。

It's actually an economic zone, not a country.

Speaker 0

因为唯一维系它的,就是这张叫做美元的纸。

Because the only thing holding it together is this piece of paper called the dollar.

Speaker 0

一旦这张纸撕裂,不幸的是,就再也没有什么能把蓝派和红派维系在一起了。

And when that tears, unfortunately, there's nothing keeping blue and red together.

Speaker 0

如果失去了华盛顿特区,民主党人会站在习近平一边。

And Democrats will side with Xi if they don't have DC.

Speaker 1

是的。

Yeah.

Speaker 1

嗯,我不确定。

Well, I don't know.

Speaker 1

我的意思是,为什么习近平要会见纽森州长?

I mean, I why why would Xi wanna meet governor Newsom?

Speaker 1

这人长得简直就像《美国派对》的男主角。

This is a guy who looks exactly like the lead actor in American Psycho.

Speaker 1

如果他来这儿,对我来说很危险。

If this came here, it's dangerous for me.

Speaker 1

这太奇怪了。

That's just weird.

Speaker 1

我认为,比起纽森州长,更愿意给习近平一个热情拥抱的人是唐纳德·特朗普总统。

And I think there is someone who is more willing to give a bear hug to Xi Jinping than Governor Newsom, that is President Donald Trump.

Speaker 1

我是说,我正在为一篇我正在写的报道搜集这些引述,当时特朗普对《华尔街日报》说,习近平非常聪明、才华横溢,几乎完美无缺。

I mean, was digging up these quotes for an article I was writing in which Trump told the Wall Street Journal, Xi is so smart, brilliant, everything nearly perfect.

Speaker 1

好莱坞里没人像他这样,就好像习近平拥有汤姆·克鲁斯那样的帅气,我刚刚才发现。

There's no one in Hollywood like this guy, as if, like, Xi Jinping had, like, Tom Cruise levels of handsomeness, which I I find out.

Speaker 0

温迪,但特朗普是不可预测的,他会这么说一个人,然后贬低他们,接着又回头这么说。

Wendy but but Trump is unpredictable because he'll say that about someone, he'll insult them, then he'll come back and say it.

Speaker 1

现在,他正试图给习近平一个热情的拥抱。

Well, right now, he's trying to bear hug Xi Jinping.

Speaker 1

所以,你知道,我觉得你说得对。

And so, you know, and it so, you know, I think you're right.

Speaker 1

我的意思是,也许不止一件事能让民主党人和共和党人团结起来。

I mean, maybe there is more than one thing that unites Democrats and Republicans.

Speaker 1

那才是那份报纸。

That's the paper.

Speaker 1

更准确地说,这是一种对习近平的爱慕。

Rather, it's like a love of Xi Jinping.

Speaker 1

你怎么看?

What do you think about that?

Speaker 0

有趣的是,几年前人们都说,唯一两党共识就是反华。

What what's interesting is a few years ago, people were saying the one bipartisan issue was being anti China.

Speaker 0

对吧?

Right?

Speaker 0

我认为,民主党之所以反华,是因为他们在争夺谁才能掌控这个最强大的国家。

My view is Democrats were only anti China because there was a contestation for who would run the most powerful state.

Speaker 0

简单说,首先中国冲击了制造业,从而扰乱了红色美国。

Like, basically, first China disrupted manufacturing, so disrupted red America.

Speaker 0

然后在2020年之后,中国似乎成了最强大的国家。

Then post 2020, it seemed to become the most powerful state.

Speaker 0

于是蓝色美国开始全力对抗它。

So then blue America really fought it.

Speaker 0

而最近,科技界终于开始意识到:等等,中国的AI模型实际上已经能和我们一较高下了。

And now recently, finally, tech America, which always had a sense of superiority versus China, has finally started to see, wait, Chinese AI models are actually giving us a run for the money.

Speaker 0

中国的机器人技术其实非常出色。

Chinese robotics are actually really good.

Speaker 0

这是科技界第一次真正认真对待中国,不只是像TikTok这样的个别案例,而是真的让人震惊。

And for the first time, tech America is actually taking China seriously, not just one off like TikTok, but actually, woah.

Speaker 0

实际上,中国的科技公司并不仅仅是模仿者。

Actually, the Chinese edge shares aren't just copycats.

Speaker 0

它们确实是创新者等等。

They're actually innovators and so on.

Speaker 0

这一直是科技界的看法——美国科技界一直觉得自己占据优势,但现在这个优势可能正在减弱。

That's that's always been the thing which tech is you know, American tech has felt they've had the edge, and now that edge is maybe slipping.

Speaker 0

所以我认为,从近乎本能的层面来看,普通红州美国人(不是特朗普本人)对中国有着更强烈的本能反感,而民主党人则有点讽刺地说。

So I think, though, at almost a genetic level, I think red Americans at the base, not Trump, have a more visceral aversion to China, whereas Democrats it's funny to put it this way.

Speaker 0

这是一句俏皮话。

This is a one liner.

Speaker 0

明白吗?

Okay?

Speaker 0

但民主党人和中国都是天然的共产主义者,所以这只是一个笑话。

But Democrats and the and China are both natural communists, so they'll be that's a that's a joke.

Speaker 0

明白?

Okay?

Speaker 0

但确实存在国家主义者。

But there's, you know, there's statists.

Speaker 0

对吧?

Right?

Speaker 0

民主党人愿意在一个多民族帝国中担任管理者,因此他们可以在习近平的体制下找到某种契合点。

There there Democrats are willing to be administrators in a multiethnic empire, and so they could find something under the Xi dispensation.

Speaker 0

就像你知道的,委内瑞拉是一个功能失调的盗贼统治国家,但靠中国商品勉强支撑着。

Sort of like you know how Venezuela is like this dysfunctional kleptocracy, but it's sort of bailed out with Chinese goods.

Speaker 0

中国愿意与伊朗原教旨主义者、新加坡的精英统治者、委内瑞拉的盗贼统治者以及俄罗斯东正教势力合作,只要他们不干涉中国内政。

China's willing to, as you know, is willing to work with, you know, Iranian fundamentalists and Singaporean meritocrats and Venezuelan kleptocrats and Russian orthodox so long as they don't interfere in Chinese internal affairs.

Speaker 0

对吧?

Right?

Speaker 0

所以我认为他们会支持民主党,通过向他们输送商品这种方式来支持他们——你有没有看过关于‘软分离’的那件事?蓝州正在这么做。

And so I think they will support the Democrats and just ship them goods and support them in this way as the have you seen this thing on soft secession that the blues are doing?

Speaker 0

对。

Right.

Speaker 0

对吧?

Right?

Speaker 0

是的。

Yeah.

Speaker 0

在这种软分离中,他们只是从中国通过西海岸港口获得商品。

So in that soft secession, they just get goods from the West Coast ports from China.

Speaker 0

他们不执行关税。

They don't enforce the tariffs.

Speaker 0

我认为很可能发生类似的事情。

I think it's very likely something like that happens.

Speaker 0

纽森谈过这件事。

Newsom has talked about it.

Speaker 0

我甚至不是在推断这一点。

I'm not even, you know, inferring this.

Speaker 0

说吧。

Go ahead.

Speaker 1

我不知道。

I don't know.

Speaker 1

拜登、民主党人,这个来自特拉华州的人,另一个潜在的港口城镇。

Biden, democrats, this guy from Delaware, another potential port town.

Speaker 1

费城有个港口。

There's a port of Philadelphia.

Speaker 1

约瑟夫·拜登当总统时,这个港口并没有给他带来多少好处。

Didn't get a lot of didn't do a lot of good for Joseph Biden when he was president.

Speaker 1

而且

And

Speaker 0

但但但拜登出生于1942年,特朗普出生于1946年左右。

But but but Biden Biden is 19 born 1942, and Trump's born 1946 or something like that.

Speaker 0

所以,如果你从宏观角度看,他们俩都是来自美国东北部、在巅峰美国时期出生的粗犷、爱动手的家伙,他们成长时觉得美国在一切方面都理所当然地排名第一,拜登甚至会说:‘我们可是美利坚合众国啊,看在老天的份上。’

So they're actually both if you zoom out, they're both, like, you know, coarse, handsy guys from the Northeastern US born at the time of, like, peak America who grew up thinking The USA is number one on everything effortlessly, and Biden would say things like, we're The United States Of America for Pete's sake.

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