AAR48— The Real Cost of Going Electric

买这辆特斯拉，实际上几乎是我做过最糟糕的财务决定之一，当时就是那样。

Purchasing this Tesla was actually almost my worst financial decision that I could have made and at a at given time.

我的意思是，拥有特斯拉、拥有电动车，这个想法我早就梦寐以求了，正因如此，我差点比应该的早太多就入手了。

And what I mean by that was having a Tesla, having an EV in general has been a dream of mine for quite a long time, and that pushed me to almost get into purchasing an EV a lot sooner than I should have.

我刚大学毕业，刚找到一份工程师的工作，那时候就差点买了。

I I almost got one soon after graduating college just when I, you know, I landed an engineering job.

我那时候工资挺可观的。

I'm being paid solid money.

干脆买了吧。

Let's go buy this.

你是不是想找一个关于美式橄榄球的播客，既不靠一堆数据分析让你昏昏欲睡，也不用毫无脑子的偏激观点冒犯你的球迷身份？

Are you looking for a podcast about pro football that doesn't put you to sleep with an avalanche of analytics or insult your fandom with brainless hot takes?

那太好了。

Well, hi.

我是丹·哈迪斯。

I'm Dan Hadzis.

我是马克·塞瑟尔。

And I'm Mark Sessler.

哦，嗨，马克。

Oh, hi, Mark.

我们是《Heed the Call》的主持人，这档NFL播客你等了整整一生。

And we're the hosts of Heed the Call, the NFL podcast you've been waiting your whole life for.

《Heed the Call》覆盖每一场赛事、每一个故事线，所有重要资讯，而且我们总带着一点幽默感。

Heed the Call covers every game, every storyline, everything that matters, and we do it all with a touch of mirth.

橄榄球本来就很有趣。

Football is fun.

那你的橄榄球播客为啥不能也一样呢？

Why shouldn't your football podcast be the same?

无论你在哪儿听播客，都去关注并收听《Heed the Call》吧。

Follow and listen to Heed the Call NFL podcast wherever you get your podcasts.

咱们得承认这一点。

Let's face it.

现在的工作生活真是复杂。

Modern work life is complicated.

不过好消息是，我们来帮你了。

But good news, we're here for you.

我是凯拉·洛佩兹。

I'm Kayla Lopez.

我是凯尔·哈吉。

And I'm Kyle Hagee.

我们已经帮助成千上万的《Morning Brew》读者在职业上取得进步。

And together, we've helped thousands of Morning Brew subscribers grow in their careers.

正如我上封邮件说的，现在作为联合主持人，我们每周都会直接把这些建议带给你，分享一些犀利的观点和实用技巧，帮你全面突破职场瓶颈。

And now as the cohost of per my last email, we're bringing that advice straight to you each week with hot takes and tactics on how to succeed in every area of work.

比如，判断自己是不是被低估了薪酬。

Whether that's figuring out if you're being underpaid.

或者在远程办公的环境下如何脱颖而出。

Or how to stand out in a remote work environment.

所以每周记得在Spotify、Apple、YouTube，或者你听播客的任何平台收听《Per My Last Email》。

So join us each week on per my last email on Spotify, Apple, YouTube, or wherever you get your podcasts.

大家好，欢迎回到《At Any Rate》。

Good day, everyone, and welcome back to At Any Rate.

我是埃文·雷，我们的目标是帮你轻松实现持久的财务改变。

My name is Evan Ray, and we are here to help you make sustainable financial changes without breaking a sweat.

今天又是‘我会一直在这儿’系列的一期，因为这期是单独录制的，我会尽量减少个人偏见。

And today is another one of those I will be here episodes because today is actually gonna be a solo episode, and I'm gonna try to keep as much bias out of it as possible.

今天我们要聊的是拥有电动车的财务状况，包括我自己的真实体验。

But today is gonna be covering basically the finances of owning an electric vehicle, what that really looks like, what my personal experience has been in owning an EV.

当然，任何分享都难免带点主观色彩。

So obviously, everything is going to be biased to some degree.

这我躲不掉。

I I can't avoid that.

但本期的重点会放在电动车的财务成本上，而不是你喜不喜欢开它。

But the angle with today's episode is going to be focusing as much as possible on the finances of owning an EV, not focusing on, you know, do you enjoy it?

开起来怎么样？

How does it drive?

车机系统用着如何？

How's the software?

这些都先放一边。

Blah blah blah.

你真正想做的是尽量避开这些，专注于这种选择带来的实际财务影响。

You're trying to avoid that as much as possible and focus on the actual financial impact of a decision like this.

因为买新车本身就是一个重大的财务决定，更何况你把车辆的基础能源从燃油换成电力，这背后的变化比你一开始想的要多得多，而且长远来看，很多变化根本没法提前预料。

Because not only is is purchasing a new car always a massive financial decision, but when you're switching the, you know, the the base energy storage of the vehicle basically from a gas car to an EV, there are a lot more changes that occur than you might expect upfront and definitely a lot more changes down the road than are easy to predict upfront.

所以我们尽量把这部分讲清楚。

So so we want to cover that as much as possible.

先说说我的个人背景和我的电动车使用经历。

So a little bit of background for myself, my EV experience.

我从2023年12月开始拥有一辆特斯拉Model 3。

I have owned a Tesla Model three since December 2023.

所以我现在开这车差不多两年半了。

So I've had it now for about two two and close to two and a half years.

就说是两年半吧。

We'll say two and a half years.

前一年半，我住在公寓的时候，充电主要靠小区的充电桩，偶尔需要长途出行才用超级充电站。

And background for charging that vehicle for the first year and a half, I was charging at the apartment complex that we were living at, and it was a mix of that as well as supercharging when I needed to.

关于这部分的花费和体验，我们稍后会详细聊。

And we'll dive into the the the finances and experience of that more a little bit later.

但自从我们买了房子——这点我们之前也提过很多次了——现在终于能在家里充电了，这感觉和以前完全不一样，你也能想象得到。

But then now since we purchased a home like we've covered many, many times, I I'm actually able to charge a home, and that's been a completely different experience as you would imagine.

不过具体的细节，我们后面再说。

But, again, we'll get into the specifics.

我还想特别说明一下。

And I also want to be very clear.

我并不是来劝大家买电动车，也不是说每个人都该这么做，或者这玩意儿对所有人都最好。

I'm not here to, you know, sell anyone on EVs or, you know, push somebody else to do it or say that it's the best thing for everybody else.

我只是想如实算算我自己的账。

I'm just here to try to run the numbers, run the numbers of my experience honestly.

然后你可以根据自己的情况，看看这适不适合你。

And then, you know, you can take from that and apply to your situation and say maybe it is or isn't right for me.

买电动车最直接要考虑的，就是车价，也就是厂商建议零售价。

So to cover the the first most obvious aspect of EVs when you're going to purchase one is just the sticker price, just the MSRP value of those cars.

电动车的初始价格确实普遍更高。

EVs definitely tend to have a higher upfront cost.

毕竟这还是个比较新的技术。

They're they're a newer technology.

电池的制造成本非常高。

Batteries are very expensive manufacture.

当然，随着规模扩大和技术进步，这些东西迟早会越来越便宜。

Obviously, everything gets cheaper over time at scale and as technology advances.

但事实就是，如果你拿一辆电动车和同级别的燃油车比，买电动车肯定更贵。

But there's no, you know, no getting around the fact that if you go to buy an EV and then you go to buy that exact equivalent vehicle as a gas car, it's going to be more expensive to get the EV version.

平均来看，这个价差大概在15美元左右。

On average, this difference seems to be around $15 higher.

再说一遍，我们后面会聊到，这其实不是完全一对一的对比，但如果你单纯比MSRP，通常差价就在15美元上下。

Again, we'll talk later about how this isn't, you know, necessarily a one for one comparison, but the MSRP, if you're just looking apples to apples, is usually gonna be about a $15 difference.

再往后，还有大量的联邦和州政府补贴，能带来很大差别。

Then past that, you can have a ton of federal and state tax credits that make make a ton of difference.

而且这些政策一直在变。

And this this all changes over time.

过去几年变化特别大，我觉得这趋势短期内不会停。

It has changed drastically over time, and I don't think that's gonna stop anytime soon.

就我个人预估，之前政府大力推动的时候，确实有一段时间是有补贴的。

At at least in my just complete guesstimate prediction ahead of time, we we had tax credits for a while when it was a big push.

后来因为政策调整，这些补贴又被取消了。

And then due to, you know, just governmental changes, those have been pulled away.

但我一点都不奇怪，再过几年，补贴可能又会重新加回来，再次成为重点。

And I would not be surprised at all if, you know, in a few years, things start to ramp back up and that becomes a push again.

所以我不会觉得这个能永远持续下去。

So I wouldn't write it out forever.

目前来看，联邦的税收优惠确实在减少，但具体能享受哪些州级优惠，还得看你住在哪个州。

So for the time being, there are definitely paring down on federal tax credits, but there are still a lot of state tax credit opportunities out there depending on the state you live in.

想了解你所在地区现在有哪些税收优惠，随便搜一下就能查到。

Definitely a quick Google search away to figure out what the current tax credits are that might be available in your area.

好了。

Alright.

接下来我来聊聊我是怎么决定购买的。

So now to break down my purchase process.

我尽量做到透明，所以我会实话实说。

Again, I'm all about transparency here as much as possible, so I'm just gonna be honest.

我不是在推销什么。

Not trying to sell anybody.

也不打算劝任何人别买。

Not trying to push anybody away from it either.

我再次说明一下，我在2023年12月买了一辆2023款Model 3。

Again, I purchased a 2023 Model three in December 2023.

车是全新的。

It was purchased new.

购车的最终价格是28000美元，顺便说一下，我买的是基础款Model 3。

The final purchase price of the vehicle and and also I should mention I got the base level Model three.

也就是说，当时能买到的最便宜的Model 3版本。

So basically at the time, the the cheapest Model three you were able to purchase.

这辆车的最终成交价是28000美元，扣掉了当时所有的税收抵免和优惠。

The final purchase price for that vehicle was $28,000 after the tax credits and discounts that were going on at the time.

当时的税收抵免是6500美元，我记得是这样。

So the tax credit at the time was $6,500, I believe.

而且那时候，这个抵免只有在报税时才能兑现。

And at that at the time as well, that was a tax credit that only applied once you filed your taxes.

所以它是个真正的税收抵免，而不是像现在这样直接在购车时打折。

So it was a tax credit, true tax credit instead of a point of sale discount like they moved to.

而且我知道，有些州的税收优惠也改了方式。

And I know that some state tax credits as well moved to as well.

另外，当时因为特斯拉正在推出更新款的Model 3，我也拿到一些优惠。

And then also in terms of discounts, I got some discounts at at that point in time because they were transitioning in sort of a new refreshed Model three.

所以我当时决定购买，很大一部分原因就是这个换代带来的折扣，大概有五六千美元。

And so that was part a big reason that I purchased at that point was I believe it was about a 5 or $6 discount due to that transition.

特斯拉一般不会搞这种周期性的降价活动。

And Tesla isn't usually a company that does, you know, periodic discounts.

他们的价格通常就是固定不变的，但这次是个特例，他们就是想清掉旧款库存。

Usually, the price just is what it is, but this was a special special case where they wanted to push out that old inventory.

所以我当时确实赶上了个好机会。

So I definitely got a good opportunity there.

我买这辆车时没全款付清，所以办了个贷款，金额是1.8万美元。

So the final loan that I took out for the car, because I didn't pay the entire thing off in cash, was $18.

我贷了1.8万，利率是6%。

$18 at a 6% interest rate was a loan that I got.

目前计划在今年年底还清。

That is scheduled currently to be paid off at the end of this year.

我记得去年或者前年拿奖金的时候，多还了一点。

I know I paid off a little bit extra, either last year or the year before when I got my bonus.

我把一部分钱用来提前还款，所以还得快了一点。

I put some of the money towards that, so it got paid down a little bit quicker.

如果你算一下，觉得我这话说得不对。

If you're doing the math and you're saying, hey, you're you're lying about that.

计划是今年年底还清。

Scheduled to pay off at the end of this year.

购车流程简直太简单了。

And the purchase process was was incredibly easy.

我们刚才聊的是财务方面的事。

You know, we're talking about the finances of the situation.

虽然没降低实际价格，但整个过程省心多了，因为全是在网上或者App里搞定的。

It definitely didn't change the cost, but it changed the the the mental load and effort that went into the purchase process because it was all just done online and or done in the app.

文件就是这么提交的。

Documents were filed that way.

付款也是这么处理的。

You know, payments were done that way.

转账也是这么操作的。

Wires were done that way.

各种表格，一次又一次，都是这么签的。

Forms over time, over and over again were signed that way.

整个购车流程，包括提车检查、预约提车，甚至最终提车，全都是在线上或者手机App里完成的。

It was it was all completely done either online or literally on a phone app, the purchase process, as well as pickup checklist and scheduling the pickup and then getting into the car.

所有这些环节，都是这么搞定的。

It was all done that way.

这可比去4S店砍价、折腾省事多了。

And that was a massive, massive headache saver as opposed to haggling with a dealership or blah blah blah.

我还想提一下，我们以前聊过，但这次买特斯拉，其实是我当时能做的最不划算的财务决定。

And I also kinda wanna call back to we've talked about it before in past episodes, but this purchasing this Tesla was actually almost my worst financial decision that I could have made and a at a given time.

我的意思是，拥有特斯拉、拥有电动车，其实是我很久以来的梦想。

And what I mean by that was having a Tesla, having an EV in general has been a dream of mine for quite a long time.

这让我差点早早入手电动车，比该买的时机早了不少。

And that pushed me to almost get into purchasing an EV a lot sooner than I should have.

我刚大学毕业、找到工程师工作后，差点就买了。

I almost got one soon after graduating college just when I, you know, I landed an engineering job.

那时候收入挺稳定的。

I'm being paid solid money.

干脆买一辆吧。

Let's go buy this.

如果当时真买了，我敢说，我现在肯定不会是这样的财务状况，也不可能这么轻松地买下这辆车。

And if I had followed through with that, I guarantee you that I would not be in the current financial situation that I'm in now, and I would not have been able to purchase the vehicle nearly as comfortably.

保险和月供，我那时候根本负担不起。

I wouldn't have been able to afford the insurance or the monthly payments nearly as easily.

我只是还没做好财务上的准备。

I I just wasn't financially ready for it.

我觉得我没买成，唯一的原因就是我看车那会儿价格涨了一点。

And I believe that the only reason that I didn't end up purchasing it was that the price went up a little bit while I was looking at it.

当时我就想，算了。

And it was like, okay.

我还是再等等吧。

You know, I'll just I'll just wait.

我之所以等，真的就只是因为这个原因。

And that was really the only reason that I waited.

要是当时买了，我的积蓄肯定会大幅减少——那时候我刚毕业，钱本来就不多，往后每个月能存下的也肯定少很多。

But if I had gone through with it, that would have significantly cut down on my savings at the time, of which I didn't have that much because I just recently graduated, and cut down significantly on what I would have been able to save ongoing month by month going forward past that.

我买这辆车的时候，正好是经济上能负担得起首付的时机，勉强算得上是能承受。

This vehicle was purchased at a financial point in time for me where the down payment was affordable for me, quote unquote affordable.

钱当然不是从沙发缝里掏出来的，但我付完首付后，银行里还留着不少积蓄，而且401(k)和罗斯IRA也已经攒下一些，正在慢慢增值。

It's not like I just had it lying in the couch cushions, but but I was able to afford that while still having plenty in the bank in savings on the back end and having built up stuff like a four zero one k and Roth IRA as well that are on their way to compounding.

我当时收入不错，预算也规划得当，把月供、保险这些全算进去后，账上还是有余钱，能继续存钱，这正是我后来一直坚持在做的事。

And I was earning enough money and had budgeted well enough that when I plugged in the monthly payment insurance, blah blah blah, whatever I needed to pay into my budgeting calculator, I still have plenty left over to be able to save on the side, which is what I've been doing since then.

所以，我之前聊过的那些关于预算、钱花在哪里、储蓄比例的话题，从很久以前开始，所有你听到的内容其实都已经包含了那笔车贷。

So so any, you know, previous discussions I've done of budgeting and where my money goes and how much I'm saving in terms of percentages here and there, that has for quite a while now, anything you would have heard has been including that car payment.

所以再说一遍，要是我选错了时机，那可就糟了，但好在我挑对了时间，这笔开销对我来说是能承受的。

So again, it it would have been horrible if I had done it at the wrong time, but because I did it at the right time, it was sustainable for me.

我现在依然在谈论这件事，因为省下了不少钱，还能继续为未来存钱，要不是这样，我根本做不到。

And I'm still here talking about it saving saving a significant amount of money and being able to, you know, save for my future, which I wouldn't have been able to otherwise.

说到预算和车辆的持续开销，电动车另一个很明显的优势就是油钱节省。

So speaking of budgeting and ongoing expenses for the vehicle, another big obvious thing for an EV is stuff like fuel savings.

我每个月花在电费上的钱有多少？

How much am I spending on electricity?

要是开油车，我得花多少油钱？

How much would I have been spending on gas?

就是这类算账。

That kind of math.

所以我尽量用平均数据来做这些估算。

So trying to do these calculations based on averages as much as possible.

如果我们拿全国平均油价和每英里充电成本来做对比，也就是开一辆电动车跑一英里，到底要花多少钱？

If we take the national average gas price versus the cost to charge per mile, so just the if you wanna drive one of these vehicles a mile, how much is it gonna cost you?

假设电动车的能效，我来给你们具体数字。

Assuming an EV efficiency, I'm gonna give the numbers.

如果你从来没开过电动车，这些数字可能听起来没感觉，但如果你开过，或许能跟自己的实际情况做个比较。

It might mean nothing to you if you've only ever driven a gas car, but if you've driven an EV, maybe this is something that you can compare to to your situation as well.

我的电动车能效大概是每英里250瓦时，也就是每度电能跑四英里；再假设汽油车是每加仑35英里，电价按每度20美分算——这大概是我能查到的全国平均水平。

For my EV efficiency of about 250 watt hours per mile, so basically four miles per kilowatt hour, Also, 35 miles per gallon, assuming a cost of 20¢ per kilowatt hour, which is about average as far as I can figure out.

我们这儿现在电价是每度15美分，但美国其他地方有的要25甚至30美分，所以我尽量选个更公平的参考值。

We we currently pay about 15¢ per kilowatt hour, but there are other places in the country that pay 25 or 30¢ a kilowatt hour, so I'm trying to be more fair about that.

如果汽油按每加仑3.5美元算，开电动车每英里的成本大概只有油车的一半。

And if we take $3.50 per gallon of gas, the cost to drive per mile is about half with an EV versus a gas car.

这纯粹是数字算出来的结果，没掺水分。

That's just how the the the raw numbers and the raw math works out.

这还没算保养、保险这些其他开销，那些我们待会儿再聊。

And this isn't including, you know, any of the maintenance or insurance or anything like that that we'll cover a little bit later.

但如果单看燃油成本，开电动车每英里的花费大约只有一半。

But if we're just talking about fuel, the cost to drive per mile is about half.

如果算上我这边更低的电价——我知道这在不少地区都适用——或者考虑到现在很多地方汽油价格已经涨到每加仑四美元以上，那电动车每英里的开销能便宜三到四倍，甚至更多。

If I include my lower cost of electricity, which I know applies to a good chunk of the country, or if we include the current gas prices that are in a lot of places, four dollars plus per gallon, that starts to ramp up significantly to more like three or even sometimes four times cheaper to drive an EV per mile than a gas car.

如果要公平一点，得算上快充的情况，比如你用超级充电站或者其他快速充电桩，它们每度电的收费会明显高不少。

If we to be fair, if we include something like fast charging, so if you're using superchargers or other faster chargers out there, those are gonna charge you noticeably more per kilowatt hour.

不管怎么算，电动车和油车的每英里成本差距几乎不可能完全持平，但通常还是能保持在电动车便宜20%左右的水平。

And that price difference pretty much never reaches exactly even regardless of what you do, but it can land you closer to about 20% cheaper per mile for an EV versus a gas car.

当然，家用充电永远要便宜得多。

Of course, home charging is always gonna be much, much cheaper.

所以，如果条件允许，这确实是最好的选择。

And so if you can, then that's the best way to do it.

但说到我自己的情况，前一年半我尽量在公寓里充电，就像我说的，但有时候挺麻烦的，因为充电桩在小区另一头，直线距离挺远。

But how this applies to my personal situation is for the first year and a half, I was charging, like I said, as much as I could at our apartment, but it was sometimes kind of inconvenient to charge at because we were across the complex, linear complex.

得开车过去，走回来，盯着充电进度，免得充完后停太久被收费，然后再走回去取车，开回来。

So we had to drive it over there, walk back, keep an eye on when it was gonna be done so we didn't pay any fees for letting it sit there once it was done, and then go walk back across and get it and drive back.

所以有时候挺麻烦的，而且晚上充电也挺头疼，因为充完电如果停太久，就会开始收额外费用。

So it was a bit of headache at times to do as well as leaving it overnight could be kind of difficult again because you start paying fees if you leave it for too long once it's complete.

但我当时在我们这边充电，电价是每千瓦时15美分，偶尔或者比较频繁地会用超级充电站，价格大概是每千瓦时30到35美分。

But I was charging at that 15¢ per kilowatt hour that applies in our area, and I would sometimes or semi regularly supercharge at about 30 or 35¢ per kilowatt hour.

如果你喜欢用ETF分散投资，但面对太多选择感到不知所措，Plynk应用能帮上忙。

If you love to diversify with ETFs but are overwhelmed with all the options, the Plynk app can help.

无论你是想追求更高增长、寻求稳定，还是希望对冲通胀，Plynk都能让你轻松浏览近2000只ETF，所有产品都按你的投资目标和风险偏好分类整理。

Whether you're looking for stronger growth potential, stability, or ways to help hedge against inflation, the Plynk app makes it easy to browse nearly 2,000 ETFs with thematic categories built around your goals and comfort with risk.

它提供了商品、债券、国际、大盘板块等多种分类。

It has categories like commodities, bonds, international, large cap sectors, and more.

你也可以按主题搜索股票，比如人工智能、游戏、健身、风能，甚至那些派发股息的公司。

You can search stocks by categories too, including artificial intelligence, gaming, fitness, wind energy, or even companies that pay dividends.

找到适合自己的产品后，AI驱动的资讯流会像助手一样帮你跟进，用简洁的摘要让你随时掌握关注的投资和持仓动态。

Once you find what's right for you, your AI powered news feed serves as a research sidekick, helping you stay informed with concise recaps on the investments you're interested in and the ones in your portfolio.

用Plynk打造符合你需求的投资组合，一步步实现你的财务目标。

Build a portfolio that fits your needs and go after your money goals with Plynk.

点击节目描述中的链接，立即下载 Plynk 应用。

Head to the link in the show description to download the Plynk app today.

投资有风险，包括可能造成损失。

Investing involves risk, including risk of loss.

分散投资并不能保证盈利或避免损失。

Diversification does not guarantee profit or protect against loss.

ETF 会受市场波动影响，并产生额外费用。

ETFs are subject to market fluctuation and additional expenses.

本播客中表达的观点未必代表 Digital Brokerage Services LLC 成员 FINRA SIPC 的立场。

Opinions expressed on this podcast are not necessarily those of Digital Brokerage Services LLC member FINRA SIPC.

Morning Brew 的每日简报，每天为数百万人梳理商业领域最重要的新闻。

Morning Brews daily newsletter breaks down the biggest news in business for millions of people every day.

接下来，我们从你的邮箱转向你的耳机。

And now we're moving from your inbox to your headphones.

每天我们会涵盖从苹果最新发布会，到为什么现在没人买得起房子等各种话题。

Each day, we'll cover everything from the latest Apple event to why nobody can afford a house right now.

有些人说，这成了他们每天早上最期待的部分。

And some people are saying it's the best part of their morning.

因为我们知道一些你还不了解的事。

Because we know something you don't.

商业新闻不一定枯燥乏味。

Business news doesn't have to be boring.

赶紧在你常用的播客平台搜索《Morning Brew Daily》订阅吧。

So check out Morning Brew Daily wherever you get your podcasts.

还有YouTube上也能找到。

And on YouTube.

目前在美国，只有两家公司的年利润超过50亿美元，并且过去五年里收入每年都增长35%。

Right now, there are just two stocks in The United States with over $5,000,000,000 in profit that have grown revenue at 35% a year over the last five years.

第一家是英伟达，第二家是我刚刚为我的投资组合建仓的公司，这个机会只对《价值洞察》的订阅用户开放。

The first stock is NVIDIA, and the second stock is the company that I just made a large position for my portfolio available only for subscribers to Value Spotlight.

我会在一份深度研究报告里揭晓这只股票，这份报告讲述了一个重塑人与人真实连接的时代契机，依托的是一个由无形资产构成的实体网络，你可以在 einvestingforbeginners.com/reignite 上阅读。

I reveal that stock pick in a deep dive research report in a generational moment reigniting human connections through a tangible network of intangible assets, which you can access at einvestingforbeginners.com/reignite.

我基本上只要没法整晚充电，或者懒得走去公寓的充电桩，又或者出门旅行、在外待得久，单靠一箱电不够用的时候，就会用这个方法。

I would do this basically whenever I wasn't able to charge overnight or, you know, walk over to the apartment charger when I wanted to or, of course, when we're traveling or we're out and about more than we're able to to do on a single tank of gas, so to speak.

从2025年8月开始，我就几乎只在家充电了。

Since August, so August 2025, I've been charging nearly solely at home.

我在家里装了个烘干机用的插座，我知道很多人觉得在家装充电桩是个又复杂又贵的麻烦事。

So charging at home, I got a dryer outlet installed in the house, and I know a lot of people tend to think that getting chargers installed in your house is a whole big complex expensive process.

我跟你说，我就在车库里装了个烘干机插座，总共才花了80美元，这就是我全部的开销。

I will tell you myself that I got a dryer outlet installed in the garage, and that cost me $80 to have installed, And that was the only cost I took on.

我的车，还有好多电动车，都自带一种叫便携充电器的东西。

My car as well as I know a lot of EVs out there come with what they usually call a mobile charger or a portable charger.

其实就是一根线，一端能插110伏或220伏的插座，另一端直接插车，就能开始充电。

And all that is is a cable that you can either put a one ten outlet on or a two twenty outlet on a male end and plug that in, and now plug in the other end of the car and you're charging.

所以，如果你想慢慢充，随时都能用慢充。

So you can always charge on a slow charger if you want.

你甚至可以直接用普通的110伏墙插来充电。

You can charge off of a normal one ten wall outlet.

我敢打赌，你现在坐的房间里就有一个。

The one that I guarantee is in the room that you're sitting in right now.

如果你在车里，那不好意思，这条不适用。

If you're in a car, then I apologize, doesn't apply.

但如果你现在在家或者公寓里，任何普通110伏插座都能充电，只是慢一点，但完全能用。

But if you're in a house right now or in an apartment, any of the one tens you can charge off of, that will charge much more slowly, of course, but you can do it.

如果你装个烘干机用的240伏插座，我充满电大概需要八到九个小时。

Or if you get a dryer outlet installed, then the charge time for me takes about eight or nine hours.

所以一晚上睡醒，电量就能回到100%。

So overnight, I'm back to a complete 100%.

这240英里的续航，电费才大概9美元。

And so that only cost me about $9 for the 240 mile range of the battery.

你想想，跟加满一油箱油比，虽然油箱通常能跑得更远，但也没远太多。

And you can see that, you know, when you compare that to going to get a full, you know, tank of gas that, yes, is usually gonna have more range than 240 miles, but not always that much more.

加油一次，少说也得花30到40美元，有时候甚至要50美元。

That will easily cost you at least $30.40, sometimes $50 just to get a fill up.

而我晚上在家充电只要九块钱，完全不用操心，也不用跑出去，睡一觉就充好了。

Whereas I can charge at home for $9 overnight, never have to think about it, never go anywhere to do it, and it's done.

我确实还是会像我说的那样，紧急情况下用超级充电站，因为某些时候特别方便，但相比在家充电，它的费用高太多了，所以只要有可能，我一定优先在家充，或者旅途中顺便快速补个电。

I do still, like I said, supercharge in a pinch because it can be very, very convenient in certain situations, but it's just so much more expensive relative to charging at home that whenever possible, I'm going to be charging at home or just do a quick, you know, top up during a trip when supercharging.

这些节省下来的费用，你一看就知道是实实在在的，但具体要多久才能回本，还得看你开得多不多。

The savings in this, as you can see, are definitely real, but they're going to take years to materialize depending on how much you drive.

幸运的是，我上班路程不远，但这也意味着，我没法很快把充电省下的钱赚回来。

I don't drive very far to work, thankfully, but that also means that I'm not going to as quickly, you know, recoup the savings of how much cheaper it is to charge.

但你开得越远，这些节省的费用积累得就越快。

But the further you drive, the the faster this is gonna add up for you.

到现在，我们已经看到了充电有多方便、多省钱。

So now we've seen, you know, all the good around charging and how cheap that can be.

但有一样东西，可不一定那么便宜，那就是保险。

Something that isn't always as cheap is insurance.

幸运的是，我的保险情况还算不错，但一般来说，电动车的保费都比同级别的燃油车要高一些。

Now, thankfully, this worked out decently well for me, but EVs typically have a higher cost to insure due, compared to comparable gas vehicles.

这主要是因为维修费用更高、零部件更专业，而且愿意维修电动车的独立维修店也更少。

And this is this is really just due to higher repair costs, specialized parts, and fewer independent shops that are willing to work on them.

这一点，我觉得尤其适用于特斯拉，因为他们对授权零件和授权工具的发放限制非常严格。

This, I would say, more than others even applies to Teslas because they have, you know, they're much more restrictive of who they give authorized parts to or authorized tooling to.

所以，保险费用可能比其他车型还要更高。

And so it can be, again, even more expensive to insure than other vehicles.

我的经历是，我不得不多方比价，才找到一个合适的价格，最后保险费用只比之前那辆车贵了大约百分之十到十五。

My experience is I did have to hop around and get several quotes to find a good rate, but I was able to land somewhere that was only about it was about 10 or 15% more expensive than my insurance on my previous car.

作为参考，我之前的车是2018年的大众高尔夫。

And for reference, my previous vehicle was a 2018, Volkswagen Golf.

所以，虽然保险只贵了百分之十到十五，但确实更贵了。

And, so again, this was only 10 or 15% more expensive to insure, but it was more expensive.

我根本不可能把保费压到和开高尔夫时一样低的水平。

And there was basically no way in heck I was gonna get it down to the same price as it was for the golf.

当然，买车之前你本来就应该做足功课，但一定要多拿几份报价，不然这笔费用可能会让你措手不及。

Absolutely, before you go through with a purchase, of course, you have to anyways, but definitely make sure that you get a ton of quotes from places because otherwise, this can be a surprise line item for you.

无论如何，我们在这里特别强调的一点是，你的财务决策必须能长期持续。

And as we as we take a huge focus on here at any rate, your financial decisions need to be sustainable.

也许你找到了一款价格很划算的电动车，这当然很棒。

And so maybe you find a great price on an EV and that's fantastic.

但如果为了买这辆车，保险费用直接翻倍，导致你存不下钱、花销也大幅受限，那现在可能还不是个明智的财务选择。

But if the insurance is gonna double for you just to get that vehicle, and that's gonna mean you can't save nearly as much or spend nearly as much, then that may not be a sustainable financial decision for you yet.

不妨再多比较几家保险公司。

Maybe shop around a little bit more.

也可以试试其他型号的电动车，说不定保险费用更低。

Maybe try a different EV that's gonna give you lower insurance costs.

总之，要找到一个让你能长期负担得起的方案。

Whatever you need to do to make that a sustainable long term financial decision for you.

和保险这笔意外开销相反，让我没想到的是，保养费用反而省了不少。

Something that was actually a positive surprise for me as opposed to something like the insurance, which was definitely not a positive surprise, was savings around maintenance.

当然，电动车根本不用换机油，另外很多人没意识到的是，电动车的刹车系统磨损远比燃油车小得多，保养频率也低很多。

So, of course, there's no oil changes required in EV Dude, also something that people don't tend to take into account or think of is that you need far fewer, far less brake maintenance on EVs than you do gas cars.

很多人以为，车更重、更大，所以刹车得更卖力。

A lot of people assume, oh, well, the car's heavier, bigger, whatever, so the brakes are gonna have to work harder.

但事实上，绝大多数电动车都配备了再生制动系统。

But in reality, the vast majority of EVs out there have regenerative braking.

当你松开油门，或者轻踩刹车但还没踩到底时，系统就会把动能回收并存回电池里。

And what that does for you is when you let off the pedal or if you have it set so that when you start hitting the brake, but you haven't pressed it very hard, it will regenerate that energy back into the battery.

这不仅能让电池多存点电，从维护角度看，还能大大减少刹车片的磨损——因为很多时候，你靠电机减速就够了，根本用不着物理刹车。

And not only does this, of course, give you more energy into the battery, but in terms of maintenance, this is gonna put a lot less strain and stress and basically just just, use time on the brakes because a lot of the time you can save by just putting it into the battery and using the motors to slow you down instead.

另外，电动车的传动系统也简单得多。

Also, EVs just have a simpler drivetrain.

就一个大电池连着几个电动机，就这么简单。

It's just a big battery plugged into some electric motors.

人类搞这套东西已经很久了，技术早就非常成熟了。

We've we, as you know, a civilization have been doing that for quite a long time and gotten very, very good at it.

所以它比传统燃油车那种满是活动部件、接触点和摩擦面的复杂机械系统，要简单太多了。

And so it's just a very simple system compared to a very complex mechanical system that has a ton of moving parts, ton of points of contact, and points of friction.

此外，电池通常有八年的保修期，或者十万英里的保修里程。

As well as around batteries, batteries have a warranty of typically eight years or a 100,000 miles.

所以对很多人来说，尤其是如果你买的是新车，或者为二手电动车额外买了延保，那么在整个用车期间，电池出了任何问题基本都包修。

So for a lot of people, especially if you buy that vehicle new or purchase some sign of some kind of extended warranty with a used EV, your battery is going to be covered for basically anything that happens to it over the life of owning that vehicle.

你没法避免的一件事是轮胎磨损得更快，原因有两个。

You do one of the things you can't get around is faster tire wear for two reasons.

一是电动车比同级别的燃油车稍重一些，二是你要是享受电动车那种瞬间爆发的扭矩，疯狂加速的话。

One is that EVs are slightly heavier than their gas counterparts, as well as if you're just, you know, blasting around with that instant torque of an EV.

这确实会让轮胎磨损得更快。

That really does make a difference with tire wear.

每次起步都猛踩油门，就跟开跑车一样，任何性能车都是这样，轮胎自然会更快磨坏。

If you're blasting it off the line every time, same as a sports car, just like any fast car out there, you're going to wear through the tires faster.

不过说到‘更快’，根据我自己的经验，还有我在线上看到的其他人的反馈，这种差异大概只有20%左右。

However, when we talk about faster, I would in my experience and other people's experience I've seen online, this difference is about a 20% change or so.

也就是说，你的轮胎大概会比普通车快20%的速度磨掉。

So 20% more quickly you're going to wear down the tires.

这确实能感觉到，但我觉得还没到影响我购车决定的程度，至少对我个人来说是这样。

That is definitely a noticeable change, but I wouldn't say that the numbers are are anywhere near large enough to skew, you know, the purchase decision for me in my personal situation.

我开到两万五千英里时，唯一做过的保养就是换了雨刷和补充了玻璃水。

So my experience with tires has been after about 25,000 miles, the only maintenance that I've done on it is wipers and wiper fluid.

后来我换了一次轮胎，一是因为胎侧被钉子扎了，没法修补；二是原厂配的轮胎太软太舒服，但不耐造——好像很多经销商都爱给车主配这种软胎。

And then I did replace the tires once due to, first off, getting a nail in an irreparable place on the tire on the sidewall, as well as, the tires from the dealership just being softer and cushier, but not gonna last as long, which seems to be pretty dang common with dealerships out there to give you softer tires.

开起来是舒服，但就是不耐用。

So it feels nicer, but it's just not gonna last as long.

所以我现在换上了更硬的轮胎。

So I got harder tires put on now.

这两万五千英里下来，我总共就做了两件事：换雨刷和玻璃水，还有换轮胎。

But those have literally been after 25,000 miles, my only two maintenance line items has been getting the wipers replaced, the wiper fluid, and getting the tires replaced.

就这些了。

That has been it.

一点机油都没换过。

No no oil changes.

火花塞也没换过。

No spark plugs.

其他方面也没定期检查。

No regular checkups for other stuff.

真的啥都没动过。

Nothing.

所以现在的问题是，保修期结束后会怎么样？

So a question mark here is what happens after the warranty?

电池更换成了最让人担心、最不确定的开销。

A battery replacement becomes the biggest unknown and kind of scary thing hanging over your head.

电池价格可能从一千五到两万五不等。

A battery can be $15.20, $25,000 plus.

换电池的费用真的可能高得吓人。

Batteries can be incredibly expensive to replace.

如果你自己去买块新电池，就知道有多贵了，确实是一笔大钱。

If you just, you know, were to go buy a new battery yourself, that is how expensive it would be, and it is a lot.

不过我得特别强调，现代电池技术，尤其是最新款的电动车，稳定性真的非常好。

However, I would I would highly stress that the modern battery technology, especially the newer EVs out there, it it is so so incredibly stable.

没错。

It yes.

它的化学原理和你手机里的电池其实是一样的。

It's the same chemistry as what is in your phone battery or something like that.

但车用电池的充放电次数少得多，温控也稳定得多，几乎全天候都在平稳运行。

But car batteries see so far fewer cycles and regulate their temperature so much more consistently and and basically handle that twenty four seven.

所以它们承受的压力和损耗，远不如手机或笔记本电池那样频繁地经历大起大落的充放电。

So they're gonna see so much less stress and strain than something like a phone battery or laptop battery that is constantly seeing big cycle swings and big big power swings.

更别说现在技术还在不断进步，新款电池越来越耐用，衰减也微乎其微。

Not to mention that they're developing new technology all the time, and so modern batteries are just getting better and better at lasting and not degrading very much at all.

它们的设计寿命普遍超过五十万公里。

So they're really designed to last 500,000 miles plus.

它们的使用寿命，远超汽车上大多数机械部件。

They're designed to last far longer than most of the mechanical systems on the car are gonna last.

到那时候，你得换的东西太多了，电池反而可能是你最不用担心的。

And at that point, you're just you're replacing so much else that the battery probably is your last concern.

另外再提一点关于电池的是，过去它的衰减幅度其实只有百分之几。

As well as one last thing I'll mention on batteries is that degradation historically has only been a few percent.

即使你开了好几年、跑了几十万公里，电池的衰减也微乎其微，几乎不会影响你的日常通勤或长途出行。

So even after having the car for years and years and years and driving it for hundreds of thousands of miles, you're likely only gonna see the battery degrade a little bit, and it probably won't even have any impact on your day to day day to day usage or even trip usage.

但用上几年之后，大家另一个常提的顾虑就是保值率。

But after that, those years of having it, another big concern that people bring up is depreciation.

几年前，因为对电池技术的担忧，电动车的贬值速度远超燃油车。

Depreciation was something that due to concerns around the battery technology was a huge impact on EVs even just a few years ago.

它们的价值掉得特别快。

They they would degrade, depreciate in in in in value significantly more quickly than a gas car.

根本留不住价。

They just wouldn't hold their value.

不过根据我观察，现在市场上的情况已经稳定下来了，我觉得这主要是因为油价上涨，再加上电动车技术本身也在不断进步。

Now that seems to be stabilizing from what I've seen in the market, and I believe that this is just due to rising gas prices as well as, again, EV technology is getting better and better.

现在我们有了越来越多的历史数据，可以更可靠地评估电动车的耐用性，大家也越来越信任它，因此车辆的保值率也稳定多了。

And now we have more and more historical data to base the dependability of of an EV on, that people are getting more and more trustworthy about it, and so values are are holding much more steadily.

虽然还比不上燃油车的保值水平，但电动车的保值率正在越来越好。

They don't seem to still hold quite as well as a gas car, but they are holding better and better.

就我个人而言，我一直在用Carvana来追踪我这辆车的估价变化。

And for, again, my personal situation with this, trying to gauge the approximate value of my car using Carvana has been tracking it over time.

我买车以来，它的估值只比原价跌了几千美元。

It's only dropped a couple thousand dollars from the purchase price for me since I bought it.

当然，我当初赶上了税收抵免和折扣，但这也说明了，如果你入手时价格够划算，电动车的保值能力真的可以非常强。

Now, again, I had the unique situation of getting the tax credit and the discount, but that just goes to show you that if you get a a good deal on it, it can really hold its value incredibly well.

就算我没享受到那些优惠，这辆车开了这么多年、跑了这么多里程，保值率也几乎和燃油车不相上下。

And even if I hadn't gotten those deals, it's still been holding its value close to as well as it would if it was a gas car after that many thousand miles and that many years off of new.

明白了。

Okay.

如果你正在认真考虑买电动车，想评估它对你的财务影响，充电费用肯定是你最需要关注的日常开销之一，甚至可能是最大的一项。

So if you're seriously considering getting an EV and you wanna gauge how that's gonna have an effect on your finances, of course, charging is one of the biggest, if not the biggest ongoing thing cost, you know, line item for your car that you're going to need to keep track of.

我想简单梳理一下不同充电方式的成本，以及它们之间的区别。

So I want to do a quick breakdown of the different charging setup costs and how they how they compare to each other.

第一种方式，我之前提过，就是一级充电。

So the first option, like I mentioned before, is level one, what they call level one.

你只需要插到普通的插座上就行。

You can just plug into a standard outlet.

充电速度非常慢，但电费跟当地普通电价一样。

It's very, very slow, but it's going to be normal electric cost at wherever you are.

如果你在家或者公寓，能停在阳台之类的地方充电，速度会很慢。

So if it's at your home or your apartment, if you're able to plug in your balcony or something like that, it's gonna be slow.

充满电通常要二十到三十个小时以上，但电费大概每度电15美分，所以非常便宜。

It'll usually take twenty four hours, thirty hours plus to do a full charge, but it's going to be about 15¢ per kilowatt hour, so it'll be very, very cheap.

对。

Yes.

充满电确实要花很长时间，但其实你通常也不需要充满。

It'll take a very long time to do a full charge, but usually, you're not doing a full charge.

你平时只是在通勤途中充点电，或者去城里逛一圈回来，之类的。

You're usually just charging from your commute or maybe you go visit the city and come back or whatever.

通常来说，你只需要为日常通勤补点电就够了。

Usually, you're just charging for your daily commute.

对很多人来说，这样的充电量完全够用了。

And so often, this is plenty for people to get by.

如果你通勤距离更长，或者像我一样想更安心一点，那就可以考虑二级充电。

If you have a longer commute or want more peace of mind like I did, a Level two is your next option.

这需要240伏的电源，你可以像我一样，直接用烘干机那种插座，自己配线缆。

This requires a two forty volt system, and so you can either get something like a dryer outlet if you want to supply your own cable like I did.

我装这个花了80美元，或者你也可以在车库里装一个完整的二级充电桩，它自带逆变器和线缆，能直接处理电力输送。

And that was again $80 for me to get installed, or you could get something like a a level two charging station installed in your garage that basically has its own own inverter as well as its own cable, and it will it'll handle the, the electricity delivery.

这类设备通常要几百美元以上，价格明显高不少。

Those systems usually cost a few $100 plus, so they're noticeably more expensive.

不过我建议你多留意一下，有些电力公司会提供折扣，甚至免费安装，因为他们能拿到联邦或州政府的补贴。

But I would definitely keep an eye out because there are utility providers out there that will offer discounts or even free installations of these charging systems because they get federal rebates or state rebates for doing it themselves.

所以留意一下这类机会，因为这能大大改变成本核算。

So look for those kinds of opportunities because that can change the math pretty drastically.

顺便提一下，那个240伏的插座通常能在八到十小时内充满电。

And as a reminder, that two forty volt outlet is usually gonna give you a full charge in about eight to ten hours.

所以，你晚上回家后充电，第二天早上醒来时，电池肯定是满的，不管那天你开了多远。

So, you know, by the time you get home and you'll wake up in the morning, you'll guaranteed have a full battery no matter what you've done that day.

你有没有想过，为什么叫‘法式薯条’？或者为什么某样东西会被说成是‘自切片面包以来最棒的发明’？

Have you ever wondered why we call french fries french fries or why something is the greatest thing since sliced bread?

这些问题其实都有答案。

There are answers to those questions.

《每日万物》是一档为好奇心旺盛的人打造的播客，帮你深入了解身边的世界。

Everything Everywhere Daily is a podcast for curious people who wanna learn more about the world around them.

每天，你都会学到一些从未想过自己会想知道的知识。

Every day, you'll learn something new about things you never knew you didn't know.

内容涵盖历史、科学、地理、数学和文化。

Subjects include history, science, geography, mathematics, and culture.

如果你对世界充满好奇，想多了解一些身边的事，就去订阅《Everything Everywhere Daily》吧，无论你用哪个平台听播客。

If you're a curious person and wanna learn more about the world you live in, just subscribe to everything everywhere daily wherever you cast your pod.

学英语很难。

Learning English is hard.

所以我才制作了简单易懂的英语故事，让你在轻松中学习。

That's why I make easy stories in English where you can have fun while you learn.

你可以听到充满动作、爱情和悬疑的故事。

You can listen to stories full of action, romance, and mystery.

每期节目，我都会为初学者、中级和高级学习者讲不同的故事，总有一款适合你的心情。

Each episode, I tell stories for beginner, intermediate, and advanced learners, and there's a story for every mood.

无论你是想找个故事提神，还是睡前放松，《Easy Stories in English》都适合你。

Whether you want something to wake you up or relax before going to bed, Easy Stories in English is the podcast for you.

我还要补充一点，对我来说，这80美元可能更划算，因为这是个新房子。

I'll also add that for me, there's a good chance that that $80 is a lot cheaper because it's a new home.

这是一栋全新的房子。

It's a brand new home.

如果是老房子，想装充电桩，但离电箱特别远，附近又没电源，也没办法轻松拉一条240伏的线路，那这种安装费用确实会高不少。

For older homes that maybe you're trying to get the charger installed, you know, far away from the breaker or something like that, and there's no electricity running anywhere near it at this current point, or they don't have an easy way to pull another two forty volt, older homes can definitely be more expensive to get this installation done.

不过如果你住的是新房或者比较新的房子，装这个成本一般不会太高。

But I would say that if you have a new or new ish home, then this is not going to be very high expense to get installed.

最后一种充电方式是三级超级充电桩，也就是快充。

Then the final charging option is a Level three supercharger or quick charger.

具体能有多快，得看是哪家公司建的充电桩。

It depends on, you know, what what company built the charger that you're going to use.

但一般来说，超级充电桩大概四十分钟就能充满电。

But superchargers can get you a full charge in about forty minutes.

不过这个时间差别挺大的，取决于你的车是什么型号。

This this can vary pretty drastically depending on the vehicle.

不同车型的充电速度不一样，诸如此类的细节。

They have different charging rates, blah blah blah.

我不是想讲得太技术、太枯燥，但你可以默认，大多数超级充电桩都能在四十分钟左右充满电。

I'm not trying to be too, you know, nerdy and boring about this, but different superchargers, you can assume a full charge in about forty minutes.

如果你在长途旅行中，电量只剩10%，想快速充到60%或70%，通常10到15分钟就能充到一半左右。

A quick 50% charge, like say you're on a road trip and you're down to 10% and you want to get back up to 60 or 70, usually a quick 60% charge can be done in ten, fifteen minutes.

速度非常快。

So very, very quick.

在这样的充电桩充满电，一般要花20到25美元。

The cost for a full charge somewhere like this is usually gonna be about $20 to $25.

如果只是临时补一点电，可能也就10美元左右。

If you're only doing one of those top ops, then maybe it's like $10 or something like that.

这种快充会产生大量热量，对电池损耗更大。

This is also worse on the battery due to to excessive heat.

如果你经常用超级充电，时间长了电池容量明显下降是很常见的。

So if you're constantly supercharging, that is one of the ways that you can see noticeable battery degradation over time.

但如果只是偶尔用，比如出门旅行时，完全没问题。

If it's only periodic or during our road trips, then there's nothing wrong with that whatsoever.

不过我建议你别把超级充电当成日常主要的充电方式。

But I would not plan on superchargers being your go to method of charging.

它们不方便、贵，而且对车也不好。

They're they're inconvenient, expensive, and worse on the vehicle.

所以，从我的财务角度来说，咱们来整体总结一下电动车对我的个人开销有什么影响。

So for my finances, let's just do an overall summary of how how an EV has affected my personal finances.

首先我想说，相比以前开汽油车的时候，现在预算起来简单多了。

The first thing I will say is it's been pretty dang easy to budget for compared to when I had a gas car.

我说的不只是日常花费比开汽油车便宜，更重要的是保养和检查的频率低得多，也稳定得多。

Not and I'm not just saying that because it's been cheaper ongoing than having a gas car, but it's also been so much more predictable in terms of checkups and maintenance than a gas car.

以前开汽油车的时候，尤其是为了保持保修，总得定期做各种保养。

When I had a gas car, you know, especially for trying to keep the warranty going and all that sort of stuff, you constantly have regular maintenance.

你得按时检查，因为汽油车机械部件多，时间一长总会磨损，不出事则已，一出事就是大问题。

You need to do regular checkups because, again, there's so many mechanical systems that will wear down over time, and you're not gonna know you have an issue until all of a sudden you have a catastrophic issue.

要想提前发现问题，要么自己动手检查，要么花钱请人检查。

And the only way to make sure that you catch it ahead of time is to either do the checkups yourself or pay somebody else to do the checkup.

所以，要么花成百上千美元做定期保养，确保一切正常；要么就得搭上几十上百小时的时间，自己动手，还得先学会怎么弄。

So this is either going to be hundreds and hundreds and hundreds of dollars towards, regular maintenance to make sure everything is going to be okay or realistically dozens and dozens of hours of your time to manually do those checks yourself as well as all the know how to do it upfront.