如何像战略天才一样思考（五维思维）

我认识的一些最聪明的人其实非常愚蠢，而我认识的一些最笨的人却按照今天的标准取得了巨大的成功。

Some of the smartest people I know are incredibly stupid, and some of the dumbest people that I know are incredibly successful by today's standards.

他们快乐、健康、富有。

They're happy, they're healthy, they're wealthy.

那么，这里到底发生了什么？

So what's actually going on here?

为什么那些聪明、有智力的人，往往过度分析很多事情，却无法过上他们想要的生活？

Why are smart, intelligent people who tend to overanalyze a lot of things not achieve the life they want?

因为在这段视频中，我试图向你证明，在当今世界，思考是你能练习的最重要的事情之一。

Because in this video, I'm trying to prove to you that thinking is one of the most important things that you can practice in today's world.

思考是决定你人生结果的唯一因素，这至关重要。

Thinking is the one thing that determines the outcome of your life, and that's massive.

你人生的结局。

The outcome of your life.

这 literally 就是一切。

That's literally everything.

所以，如果你学会如何思考——这正是我们要在这里学习的——但我们不会用那种谈论第一性原理、系统思维、元认知或其他你可以上ChatGPT查到的内容的方式来讲解，因为那正是你来这里的原因。

So if you learn how to think, which is what we're gonna learn here, but we're not gonna do it in a way where we talk about first principles thinking or systems thinking or metacognition or anything else that you can ask ChatGPT about because that's why you're here.

你来这里是为了获得一个独特的视角。

You're here for a unique take.

我花了多年时间研究不同的思想者，花了很多时间剖析他们的思维方式，并试图将这些融入我自己的思考方式中。

Now, I've spent multiple years studying different thinkers, and I've spent a lot of time dissecting how they think and trying to integrate that into my own way of thinking.

因此，在这个视频中，我们将从最浅层开始，逐步深入。

So what we're gonna do in this video is we're gonna start very shallow and build our way up.

我们将从一维思考开始，然后是二维、三维，再到四维。

We're gonna start at one dimensional thinking, then two dimensional, then three-dimensional, then four dimensional.

最后，我们将触及第五维度。

And finally, we're gonna go we're gonna tap into the fifth dimension.

思考技巧一：如果你想理解某种事物，比如思考或天才式的思考，最好的方法是理解它的反面，即愚蠢的思考。

So thinking tip number one, if you want to understand what something is like thinking or genius thinking, it helps to understand the opposite, to understand what stupid thinking is.

当我在这里说‘愚蠢的思考’时，我并不是在说你愚蠢。

And when I say stupid thinking here, I'm not calling you stupid.

我不是说你智商低。

I'm not calling you low IQ.

我只是在观察一种模式。

I'm simply observing a pattern.

每个人有时都会愚蠢地思考。

Everyone thinks stupidly at times.

每个人每天都会愚蠢地思考，而我们正试图避免这种情况。

Everyone thinks stupidly every single day, and that's what we're trying to avoid.

我们正试图远离这种思维方式。

That's what we're trying to move in the direction away from.

我无法正确思考。如果我们观察那些表现出愚蠢思维特征的人，我们会得出一些见解。

I can't think right So if we observe people who display this characteristic of stupid thinking, we come away with a few insights.

首先，愚蠢的思维是一维的。

First is that stupid thinking is one dimensional.

人们试图把所有事情都强行纳入自己的视角，难以跳出这个框架。

People try to jam everything into their own perspective and have difficulty seeing outside of it.

第二，愚蠢的思维是简化的，比如商业领域的专家会把所有问题都简化为策略问题。

Second, stupid thinking is reductionistic, so experts in one domain, like business, try to reduce everything to a strategy problem as one example.

第三，愚蠢的思维是部落化的，你只信任自己的群体、自己的政党、自己的部落、与你持有相同宗教信仰的人，而认为所有不 conform 的人都是错的。

Third, stupid thinking is tribal, so you only trust your group, your political party, your tribe, your religious people who adopt your same religious beliefs, and you consider everyone else wrong because they don't conform.

第四，愚蠢的思维从不质疑。

And fourth, stupid thinking does not question.

你对大多数事情的借口就是‘一直都是这样做的’。

Your justification for most things is that's just how it's done.

总的来说，愚蠢的思维就是在你达到自己认知边界时，关闭了你的思维。

So as a whole, stupid thinking is about closing your mind off once you've reached the limits of what you know.

愚蠢的思维就是你过早地停止了思考。

Stupid thinking is when you stop thinking too early.

你仍然可以在自己的小泡泡里思考，但你从未突破这个泡泡。

You can still think within your own little bubble, but you never break out of that bubble.

通常发生的情况是，你思考一会儿，但当达到自己思维的极限时，就会退缩到你已知的范围内。

What tends to happen is you think for a bit, but then you reach a point where you're at your limits of how far you can think and then you tend to collapse in on what you know.

然后你就变成了一个只会机械地重复预设想法、他人灌输的观点或别人认为正确的东西的人。

And then that's when you just become this person who just spews out preprogrammed thoughts or what they've been told or what other people believe is right.

他们从不挑战自己思维的边界。

They don't push the boundaries of their own mind.

在解释了愚蠢思维之后，我们就能开始理解天才思维可能是什么了。

So with that as an explanation of stupid thinking, we can start to grasp at what genius thinking could be.

在这种情况下，天才思维的定义是：能够将具有威胁性的想法纳入可能性的范畴，并以理解而非仅仅知道为目的。

In this case, genius thinking, as a definition, would be the ability to hold threatening ideas in the realm of possibility paired with the intention to understand rather than just know.

天才思维的标志体现在你思考的广度、深度和高度上，你不会因为将某个观点视为绝对而停止探索。

The mark of genius thinking is illustrated by the width, depth, and height at which you can think without being cut off from venturing further, often due to holding an idea as absolute.

它是你穿越整个宇宙级的思想、现实或所有潜在知识网络，并将它们整合成某种连贯或有用的东西的能力，即使不是完全全新的东西。

It's your ability to traverse the full universal web of ideas, reality, or all potential knowledge, and pull them together into something coherent or useful, if not something entirely new.

但这也有助于我们理解这种‘聪明但愚蠢’的现象：比如一个在商业领域非常聪明的人，看到一个抑郁的人，却只将其归因于生产力问题。

But this also helps us see what this smart but dumb phenomenon is, where someone very smart in a domain like business will see someone who is depressed and just attribute that to being a productivity issue.

或者，你就是得坐下来好好干活？

Or dude, you just need to sit down and do the work?

你在社交媒体上到处都能看到这种说法。

You see this everywhere on social media.

如果你感到抑郁，那就去工作吧。

If you're depressed, just do the work.

如果你感到难过，那就去工作吧。

If you're sad, just do the work.

在某些情况下这或许有帮助，但并不是所有情况都适用。

And in some cases that helps, but it doesn't help in every case.

这就像是一个小孩子，试图把圆形的积木硬塞进方形的孔里。

It's like you're a little kid and you're trying to take the circle shape and you're trying to like mash it into the square shape in the little board.

另一端也是如此。

And the same holds true for the other side.

对吧？

Right?

一方面有非常务实的商人，另一方面有非常抽象的灵性人士，而灵性人士会把商业失败归因于能量频率不对。

There's like business person who's very practical and then there's a spiritual person who's very abstract and the spiritual person would attribute business failure to just not having the right vibration.

这里的关键是，他们两者都没有错。

And the thing here is, is that they're both not wrong.

他们在各自的层面上都是正确的。

They're both correct in their own ways.

但我们需要理解如何将这些思维方式应用到不同的情境中，以便从中获得最大收益。

But we have to understand how to apply those ways of thinking to different situations so that we can get the most out of it.

因为作为一名商人，如果你遇到一个你无法用理性视角解决的问题，而它实际上需要通过灵性的方式才能解决，那你能借助这种视角来解决问题，难道不会很有帮助吗？

Because wouldn't it help as a business person if you had a problem that you couldn't see because it's best solved through something spiritual to be able to tap into that lens so that you can actually solve the problem.

所以你见过这样的人。

So you've met these people.

你见过那些把他们自己的做事方式当作唯一正确方式的商人。

You've met these business people who just prescribe their way of doing things as the only way of doing things.

你也见过那些同样固执的嬉皮士和灵性人士，而你自己很可能也在不知不觉中这样做。

You've met the hippies and the spiritual spiritual people who do the same thing, and you probably do the same thing without noticing it.

我在这里想表达的是，如果你只是注意到这一点，仅仅觉察到它，而不让思维就此停滞，你就能解锁这种新的力量。

And that's what I'm trying to get at here is if if you just notice that, if you simply notice it and don't allow your thinking to stop there, then you unlock this new power.

那么，我们究竟该如何开始摆脱愚蠢的思维方式呢？

So how do we actually start navigating out of stupid thinking?

这里首先有帮助的是，明白知道与理解之间的区别。

The first thing that will help here is just knowing the difference between knowing and understanding.

这并不是一个明确的定义。

Now, this isn't an explicit definition.

我只是想让你在这里理解，这本身有点讽刺。

I'm just trying to get you to understand here, which is kind of ironic.

但我们可以把‘知道’看作是横向的发展。

But knowing we can think of that as horizontal development.

它是领域专长。

It's domain expertise.

你是在积累事实、记忆洞见、研读教材，诸如此类的东西，而理解则是纵向的。

You're accumulating facts, you're memorizing insights, you're studying the textbook, you know, things and understanding is vertical.

它更多关乎你认知操作系统的复杂程度。

It's it has more to do with the sophistication of your cognitive operating system.

你可以知道很多，却理解很少。

So you can know a lot and understand very little.

你也可以深刻理解，但知道得相对很少。

You can also understand deeply and know relatively little.

但如果你的理解超过你的知识，你仍然能比那些自以为无所不知的人更有效地行动。

But if you understand more than you know, you can still act more effectively than the person who thinks they know everything.

这正是聪明人陷入困境的原因：他们读书、积累知识，以这种方式提升自己，却看不到这之外的东西。

And that's exactly why smart people are stuck is they read books, they collect knowledge, they develop themselves this way, but they can't see anything above that.

他们看不到其他领域。

They can't see into other domains.

这就像在操作系统本身没有升级的情况下，往系统里安装新应用。

It's like they're installing new apps onto their operating system without upgrading the operating system itself.

对吧？

Right?

当你用一部旧iPhone下载新应用时，这个应用很可能运行得非常慢。

When you have an old iPhone and you download a new app, that app is probably going to be very slow.

这不会很好地运作。

It's not gonna work very well.

许多功能都是为更新的操作系统开发的。

A lot of the features are developed for the newer operating system.

所以当你面对自己的思维时，你也必须这么做。

So when it comes to your own mind, you have to do the same.

聪明但愚昧的现象还有几个例子，比如一个商人，生意上非常成功，但他仍然感到不快乐。

So a few more examples of the smart but dumb phenomenon is like, think of a businessman, very successful in business, but he still finds himself unhappy.

对吧？

Right?

他赚了一亿美元，然后卖掉了公司，现在却陷入抑郁，因为他不再做生意了，而他只知道这一件事。

He makes a $100,000,000, then he sells the company and now he's depressed and he doesn't know how to solve that problem because he's not in business anymore and that's all he knows.

或者，我相信你们很多人能感同身受：一个创作者，作品非常优美。

Or, and I'm sure many of you can relate with this, is a creative who has very beautiful work.

他们把一生都奉献给了自己的技艺。

They dedicated their lives to their craft.

但当他们需要赚钱时，却做不到，因为他们根本不了解商业领域，也不了解心理领域，以及人类如何感知价值，因为他们创造的东西并不是别人想要的。

But when it comes time to make an income, they can't because they don't understand anything in the business domain or even in the psychological domain and how humans perceive value because they're not creating something that other people want.

这本身并不是一个问题，但它可能会引发问题，因为如果你希望全职做这件事，却还要上班，或者勉强挤出时间来从事你的创意创作，这就成了一个问题。

And that's not inherently a problem, but it can create problems because if you want to do that thing full time and you're working a job or you're trying to scrape by time to actually work on your creative craft, that's kind of a problem.

你希望把所有时间都花在创意上，却不肯学习那些能让你实现这一目标的知识，因为你认为一切只不过归结为：‘我只是想整天创作艺术。’

You want to spend all of your time doing the creative thing, but you're not willing to learn what's going to allow you to do that because you think everything just boils down to, oh, I just want to be able to create art all day.

为什么我不能整天创作艺术呢？

Why can't I create art all day?

另一个例子是，一个身材健硕、经常去健身房的肌肉男，但他的感情关系却一团糟，因为他不懂社交动态。

And then another example is like a meathead who is very fit or goes to the gym, but their relationship is in shambles because they don't understand social dynamics.

他从未研究过男女之间的互动关系。

They haven't studied masculine feminine dynamics.

他对这些一无所知。

They don't understand any of that.

所以他练肌肉只是为了吸引女孩，却留不住她们，也不知道该如何解决，因为他唯一理解的就是：‘只要我肌肉发达，女孩就会喜欢我。’

So they got buff for the sake of attracting a girl, but then they can't keep it and they don't know how to solve it because all they understand is, oh, if I get buff girls like me.

所以学会思考如此重要，因为你的思维决定了你如何与现实互动。

So that's why learning how to think is so important, because your mind is how you interact with reality.

你接收信息、理解它——这就是思考，然后做出选择，再从反馈中获取新信息，因此你必须再次思考，回应反馈，并不断重复这个循环。

You process information, you make sense of it, which is thinking, you make a choice, then you receive information as feedback, so you have to think again, and you respond to that feedback and repeat the cycle.

所以你会获取信息，然后思考，做出选择。

So you get information, you think, make a choice.

你从选择中获得反馈，再次思考，做出另一个选择，重复这个过程：思考、信息、选择，不断重复、重复、再重复。

You get information back from the choice, you think, you make another choice, you do the same thing, think, information, choice, repeat, repeat, repeat.

思考决定你人生的结局。

Thinking determines the outcome of your life.

就是这样。

That's it.

所以，每一个你陷入愚蠢思考的时刻，都会产生复利效应。

So every moment where you engage in stupid thinking creates a compounding effect.

你深陷泥潭，以至于根本看不到能带你脱离困境的那个方法。

You dig yourself into this rut so deep that it's it becomes impossible to even see the thing that will get you out.

所以，你越是固守自己认为的唯一正确方式，而不愿学习，学习实际上就像是你思维的扩展包。

So the more you double down on what you know as the one true way and you fail to learn, learning is kind of like an expansion pack for your thinking.

对吧？

Right?

所以，如果你持续学习——我不是在说死记硬背或背诵事实，而是在说如何真正地学习，那就是通过做项目、失败、获得反馈、重复、迭代，在现实世界中实践，这才是让你生活变好的方式。

So if you continue to learn and I'm not talking about studying or memorizing facts, I'm talking about how to actually learn, which is by building projects, failing, getting feedback, repeating, iterating, doing it in the real world, that's how you make your life better.

让我们把这个分解成一个具体的框架，我们称之为‘线、层、高度’。

So let's break this down into an actual framework, and we're going to call this lines, levels and altitudes.

对。

Right.

这是思维的三个维度，我们将逐级向上提升。

So first dimension, second dimension, third dimension of thinking, and we'll just move up the ladder.

我们先从思维的‘线’开始。

So we'll start with lines of thinking.

这是接下来将要呈现的图示。

So here's a graphic of how this will start to look.

你可以把从新手到专家的宽度看作一条思维线，对吧？

You can think of the width of this, the novice to advanced as one line of thinking, right?

你可以把整个过程看作你在学习市场营销、天体物理学、政治、社会动态或宗教，任何领域都可以。

You can think of this entire thing as you learning, let's say, marketing or astrophysics or politics or social dynamics or religion, literally learning anything.

这是当你试图学习特定领域的知识时。

It's when you attempt to learn domain specific knowledge.

这张图适用于一个领域，而你正在扩展这条思维线的宽度。

This graph applies to one domain and you are increasing the width of that line of thinking.

这就像是你在玩一款电子游戏时积累经验。

It's like you're gaining experience in a video game.

另一方面，层级的堆叠方式，是你思考每条线的方式。

Now levels, on the other hand, how these are stacked, is how you think about each line.

我们以前多次讨论过认知发展如何随时间演变，比如肯·威尔伯、苏珊·库克·格鲁特、螺旋动力学等等，但我们可以提取这些模式，并将其应用于对特定领域乃至多个领域的思考本身。

And we've talked about how cognitive development evolves over time many times before see Ken Wilbur, see Susan Cook Greuter, see Spiral Dynamics, so on and so forth, but we can extract those patterns and apply them to thinking itself about specific domains and multiple domains.

在思维的零级阶段，它是本能的。

So at level zero of thinking, it's instinctual.

你刚出生，对吧？

So you're just born, right?

当你出生时，你只是出于纯粹的生存本能行事。

When you're born, you just act out of pure survival.

你对刺激做出反应，完全不加思考。

You react to stimulus without thinking at all.

你甚至还没有思考的能力。

You don't even have the ability to think.

然后第一阶段是顺从型。

And then level one is conformist.

这是一种非黑即白的思维方式。

So this is black and white thinking.

你遵循规则，无条件服从权威。

You follow rules and obey authority without questioning.

你采纳他人的观点。

You adopt others' perspective.

所以你出生时，会采纳父母的观点。

So when you're born, you adopt your parents' perspective.

你接受他们的宗教信仰。

You take on their religious beliefs.

你接受他们认为你应该从事的职业。

You take on what they think you should do for a career.

如果他们出生在工业时代，那就意味着上学、找工作、65岁退休。

And if they're born in the industrial age, that equals go to school, get a job, retire at 65.

然后是第二阶段，即个人主义阶段，批判性思维开始出现，你会构建自己的模型。

And then there's level two, which is the individualist stage where critical thinking emerges and you construct your own model.

因此，你会建立自己的观点。

So you build your own perspective.

对很多人来说，这通常还是基于父母的观点。

And for a lot of people, this is often based on their parents' perspective.

他们还没有完全摆脱出来。

They don't fully break out yet.

他们仍然以一种单一的、单维的方式看待世界。

They they are still in this singular, one dimensional way of thinking about the world.

所以你可能不会完全按照父母的期望去做，但你仍然走在社会为你设定的默认道路上。

So you may not do exactly what your parents want you to do, but you're still on the default path that society set for you.

所以去上学、找份工作、65岁退休，而你或许会选择自己感兴趣的专业。

So go to school, get a job, retire at 65, and you may be choosing your own major.

你可能想攻读艺术学位，尽管父母对此不认同，但他们依然高兴你上大学并获得了学位。

You may, you may want to get an art degree when your parents disagree with that, but they're still happy that you're going to college to get a degree.

然后是第三阶段，我称之为综合阶段，这时你意识到自己的观点只是众多观点中的一种。

And then there's level three, which I'm gonna call synthesis, and this is where you see your model as one among many.

你能够容纳矛盾，并将不同视角视为工具，而非不可质疑的法则或真理。

You hold contradictions and use perspectives as tools rather than law or some unquestionable truth.

这些并不是我凭空捏造的。

Now these aren't just things that I've made up.

这是人类思维随时间演进的方式。

This is how minds evolve over time.

这一点已有记录，但很多人并未达到第三阶段。

This has been documented, and a lot of people don't reach that level three.

他们要么在多个领域都像原教旨主义者一样固守信念，不只是宗教，而是作为第一阶段的思考者；要么反抗这种模式，把自己的方式视为不可动摇的法则。

They either remain Bible thumpers, so to say, across multiple domains, not just religion as level one thinkers, or they rebel against that and consider their own way of doing things as law.

但当你进入综合阶段时，就开始摆脱这种单一的思维视角。

But when you're a synthesis, you start to break out of the like single-minded perspective.

你开始明白，其他人做事的方式其实也包含某种真理——这对很多人来说是个令人震惊的想法，因为他们原本认为每个人在某种程度上都是对的。

You start to understand that, oh, there is actually some form of truth in how other people do things, which is a crazy thought to many people who knew that everyone is right in one way or another.

然后是第四阶段，我们称之为生成性思维。

And then level four, we're going to call this generative thinking.

你创造出之前不存在的原创视角，或者在没有外界影响的情况下形成自己的观点。

So you create original perspectives that didn't exist before or you come to ideas without outside influence.

如果我们回到这张图，可以看到第一阶段如何逐步解锁第二阶段，然后是第三阶段，再到第四阶段。

So if we go back to the graph, you can see how like level one starts to unlock level two and then level three and then level four.

你并不需要完全掌握第一阶段才能向上迈进。

It's not like you have to get 100% through level one in order to move up the ladder.

你可以完全处于第一层级，但偶尔也能触及第四层级。

Like you can be at level one completely, but you can tap into level four occasionally.

但当然，我们希望更多地进入这种状态。

But of course, we want to tap into that more.

我们希望最大化这种能力，以扩展我们的思维广度。

We wanna maximize this so that we increase our surface area of thinking.

这里有一个重要的区别：第一层级和第二层级可以被视为第一层次的思考。

Now one important distinction here is that level one and level two can be considered first tier thinking.

如果我们把它们归为一类，这意味着它们过于教条。

If we group those together, what that means is that it's overly dogmatic.

对吧？

Right?

我是对的。

I'm right.

你是错的。

You're wrong.

或者我的群体是对的。

Or my group is right.

你的群体是错的。

Your group is wrong.

然后他们经常互相争斗。

And then they fight against each other a lot.

而第三级和第四级可以被视为第二层级的思考。

Then levels three and levels four can be considered second tier thinking.

在这里，你开始拒绝教条，真正开始寻求真理，因为你的真理并不是唯一的真理。

This is where you start to reject dogma and you start to actually seek truth for once because your truth isn't the only truth.

你明白终极真理往往存在于中间地带，而且你通常无法达到绝对真理。

You understand that the ultimate truth lies somewhere in the middle, and usually you don't come to absolute truth.

你得到的是权衡，对吧？

You come to trade offs, right?

像绝对解决方案这样的东西并不存在，但权衡是存在的。

Solutions like solutions don't really exist, but trade offs do.

那是托马斯·塞维尔。

That's Thomas Sewell.

现在再补充一点：你可能处于第四层级，但在特别有压力的情况下，你会退回到更低的层级——比如在压力大、与人争执或思维混乱时，你可能退回到第一层级，变得非常顺从。

Now one more thing here is that you can be at level four, but in a particularly stressful situation, you can regress back down into lower levels so you can regress down to level one and be very conformist in one domain of your life when you're stressed and you're going through it or you're in an argument with someone and you're really not thinking.

当你处于这种状态时，就会开始启用更低层级的思维模式。

That's when you start to like tap into the lower levels.

在继续之前，我再次要明确一点：天才级别的思考，就是你持续思考的能力；因为在每一个思维层级，你驾驭已知与未知观念的能力都在不断扩展。

So before we continue, I just want to make this exceedingly clear once again is that genius level thinking is your ability to continue thinking because at each level of thinking, your ability to navigate that space to both known and unknown ideas continues to expand.

你刚出生时，其实并不真正思考。

When you're born, you don't really think.

当你处于顺从者或第一层级时，你会思考，但一旦找到答案，就开始捍卫它。

When you're a conformist or level one, you think until you reach a point where you have the answer, then you start defending the answer.

当你成为个人主义者或第二层级时，做法也一样，只不过捍卫的是你自己的答案；而当你达到综合阶段时，虽然能广泛思考，但创造全新思维路径的能力尚未完全成熟。

When you're an individualist or level two, you do the same thing but with your answer, and when you reach synthesis, you can think far and wide, but your ability to create new lines of thought is not fully developed yet.

因此，要达到你思维的最高能力，从而释放此生最大的潜能，关键在于一个简单的实践：留意当你的思维感到受威胁时，诚实地面对自己，并至少保持对新观点的开放态度。

So reaching your highest ability to think and thus providing the runway for your highest potential in this life boils down to the simple practice of noticing when your mind feels threatened, being honest with yourself, and at minimum staying open to new perspectives.

这就是思考的精髓。

That's thinking in a nutshell.

这就是你思考的方式。

That's how you think.

你不需要任何复杂的第一性原理思考来做到这一点，尽管第一性原理思考确实包含一些真理。

You don't need any fancy first principles thinking to do that even though first principles thinking holds some truths.

在思考的线性和层级之后，还有你的思考高度，即你在每个线或层级上思考的平均水平。

Now after lines and levels of thinking, there is your altitude of thinking, which is the average of how you think about each line or level.

所以如果我们看一张新图，可以看到我简化了这些线，增加了更多领域，现在它们相互连接，而你在不同的层级上。

So if we look at a new graph, can kind of see I've condensed the lines, I've added more domains, and now they're interconnected and you're at various different levels.

你可能会在这里看到一些以前见过的东西，对吧？

And you may see something that you've seen before here, right?

要最好地理解这一点，并几乎完成思考的拼图，将思考想象成一棵技能树会有帮助。

To best understand how this works and to almost complete the thinking puzzle, it helps to visualize thinking as a skill tree.

在电子游戏中，你可以将点数分配给某些特质，从而让你在游戏中做更多事情。

So in a video game, you can put points into certain traits that allow you to do more inside the game.

你可以接受更高难度的挑战，获得更多乐趣，并且能够持续玩下去。

You can take on higher challenges, can have more fun, and you can continue playing.

同样的道理也适用于大脑。

The same holds true with the mind.

但关键是，高级特质只有在你满足了特定低级特质的要求后才能解锁。

But the thing is here, higher level traits can only be unlocked once you meet specific requirement of lower level traits.

所以在电子游戏中，如果你没有在比如三级力量上投入足够的点数，就无法解锁三级敏捷。

So in a video game, you can't access something like level three dexterity when you haven't already put enough points into, let's say, level three strength.

你们很多人对商业感兴趣，这就是我不断以它为例的原因，但想象一个在商业上取得很大成就的人。

So many of you are interested in business, which is why I keep bringing this up as an example, but imagine a business person who takes it pretty far.

对吧？

Right?

你赚了很多钱，但随后遇到了瓶颈，心想：天啊，我不知道接下来该做什么了。

You make a lot of money, but then you hit this plateau and you're like, man, I don't know what to do here.

我真的不知道该怎么做。

Like, I I literally don't know.

我研究了所有东西，却还是无法突破这个瓶颈。

I've studied everything and I can't overcome this plateau.

你无法看到问题所在，因为你还没有发展生活中其他方面的能力。

And you can't see the problem because you haven't developed other domains of your life.

这里的问题可能是你无法带领团队。

The problem here could be your inability to lead a team.

对吧？

Right?

你的情商低得惊人，甚至都意识不到自己正在给公司制造问题，导致公司停滞不前。

Your emotional intelligence is so abysmally low that you don't even know that you're causing problems within the company that's causing it to stall.

要想成为真正的领导者，你必须在生活的各个领域全面提升自己。

In order to be a true leader, you have to develop yourself in all domains of life.

至少这是我个人的看法。

At least that's my belief.

即使有些人没有这样做也能取得很高成就，但他们的生活其他方面也同样会受到影响。

And even if there are people who make it very high without doing that, other domains of their life suffer as well.

这并不是我现在生活中想要的。

That's not something that I want, at least right now in my life.

我希望你能拥有一次人生，也许吧。

I want to you have one life, maybe.

我不确定。

I don't know.

也许人工智能会改变这一点，但我希望在这辈子做些酷的事情。

Maybe AI changes that, but I want to do cool things in this life.

我不想让问题搁置不管、恶化，进而让我的生活变得更糟。

I don't want to let problems sit around and fester and just make my life worse.

这也是为什么政治、宗教，甚至像网络营养学这样的领域如此激烈和两极分化。

This is also why domains like politics or religion or even things like nutrition online are so like violent and polarizing.

这是一群聪明但愚蠢的人，彼此互骂傻瓜，因为他们无法理解对方的视角。

It's a bunch of smart but dumb people just calling each other idiots because they can't see from each other's perspective.

好的。

Okay.

所以我们现在需要进入第四维度。

So now we need to tap into the fourth dimension.

我们已经讲过了线、层次和高度，但现在还有更多内容。

We covered lines, levels, and altitude, but now there's something more.

但这第四维度并不是时间的第四维度。

Now, this isn't the fourth dimension of time.

那实际上是我们将要讨论的第五维度。

That's actually the fifth dimension that we're going to talk about.

但这个第四维度能将你的思考能力提升四倍，因为现实有四个维度，而这些维度就是视角。

But this fourth dimension does increase your ability to think by the power of four because there are four dimensions of reality, and these dimensions are perspectives.

它们是看待世界四种主要方式的不同途径。

They're ways of looking at the world in four different major ways.

所以当你思考一个信念、想法、情境或问题时，你可以像调整相机镜头一样，从四种不同的角度去看待它。

So when you're thinking about a belief or an idea or a situation or problem, you can kind of adjust the lens on your camera to see it in four different ways.

以下是这个概念的图形化表示，你可以看到它被分为四个象限，因为存在一个内在世界（精神的）和一个外在世界（物理的）。

So here's how this would look in graphic form, and you can see that it's divided into four quadrants because there is an inner world, which is mental, and then there's an outer world, which is physical.

所谓内在世界，我指的是心理和文化层面。

So by inner world, what I mean is psychological and cultural.

你的个体内在心理包含你的思想、情感、信念和意识。

There's your individual inner psychology, which contains your thoughts, emotions, beliefs, and consciousness.

而集体内在世界或文化，则包含群体的信念、价值体系和意识形态。

And then there's the collective inner world or culture, which contains group beliefs, value systems, and ideologies.

在外部或物理世界中，有你的个体外部世界，即你的外在表现、行为以及大脑状态或其他可测量的生理指标。

Then in the outer or physical world, have your individual outer world, which is your visible appearance, behaviors, and physical brain states or other measurements.

而集体外部世界则由系统、结构和社会制度构成。

And then there's the collective outer world, which is composed of systems, structures, and social institutions.

那么，这为什么重要呢？

Now why does this matter?

因为大多数人和大多数专家只关注其中的一个层面，仅一个象限。

It's because most people and most experts only look at one of them, only one quadrant.

神经科学家只看到大脑状态，神秘主义者只看到能量氛围，治疗师只关注行为，社会学家只看到社会系统，哲学家则只看到文化所承载的意义。

The neuroscientist only sees the brain states while the mystic only sees the vibes, or the therapist who only sees the behavior, or the sociologist who only sees the social systems, or the philosopher who only sees the meaning which is the culture.

因此，在这个语境下，天才的思维得益于你能够看到所有这些方面。

So genius thinking in this context is enhanced by your ability to see all of them.

所以，作为一个小小的例子和成长过程，假设我开始学习市场营销。

So as a little example and developmental progression here, let's say that I start learning about marketing.

我变得非常擅长市场营销。

I get really good at marketing.

为了做到这一点，我必须研究他人的方法。

In order to do that, I have to study other people's methods.

对吧？

Right?

我局限于单一视角。

I'm in within one line.

我处于第一阶段，研究亚历克斯·霍尔莫齐或我自己的视频，心想：哦，这才是做事的唯一正确方式。

I'm at level one, I study Alex Hormozi or my own videos and I think, oh, this is the one true way to do things.

但后来我成长了，变得更加成熟，在这个领域待得更久，进入了第二阶段，因为我做了大量实验，从而学到了更多，形成了自己的方法。

But then I grow, I become more mature, I'm in the space longer and I advanced to level two And I have my own way of doing things because I've experimented so much, which has helped me learn more.

我变得更有专家气质，因为我不仅仅是复制别人的做法。

I become more of an expert because I'm not just copying what another person does.

我以自己的方式做事，这给了我竞争优势。

I'm doing things my own way, which gives me a competitive edge.

如果我在生活中已经追求过其他兴趣，或者继续追求心理学、健身和个人发展等兴趣，这会让我对模式识别有更深的洞察。

And then if I have already pursued other interests in my life or continue pursuing interests in my life like psychology and fitness and personal development, it gives me a deeper sense of pattern recognition.

因此，我不但能更深入地理解我所合作的人，理解世界如何运作、文化如何运作，以及如何将我的营销应用到这些方面？

So not only can I understand the people that I'm working with more or how the world works or how culture works and how I can apply my marketing to that thing?

但它也进一步让我摆脱了教条式思维，使我能够更自由地思考，变得更加有创造力。

But it also further removes me from dogmatic thinking, which frees me up to think even more and become more creative.

从这里开始，事情才真正变得有趣起来。

So from there, that's where things start to get interesting.

但我忘记提的一点是，当你思考时，通常是为了解决问题。

But one thing I forgot to mention is that when you are thinking, you're usually thinking to solve a problem.

这就是人类的本性。

That's what humans do.

这就是我们成长的方式。

That's how we grow.

这就是我们找到乐趣的地方。

That's what we find enjoyment in.

这就是我们找到成长的地方。

That's where we find growth.

这就是我们找到发展的地方。

That's where we find development.

这就是进步。

That's progress.

一旦你停止成长，从而停止思考，开始停滞，生活就会变得糟糕得多。

And the minute you stop growing and thus stop thinking, start to multiply and life just becomes considerably worse.

所以，如果我们能识别出当今世界的一个问题，比如世界正变得腐败且毫无意义，这就能为我们提供一个思考的起点，对吧？

So if we identify a problem in today's world, like the world is becoming corrupt and meaningless, that gives us a starting point to think, right?

它同时也为我们思考提供了目标。

And it also gives us an aim for our thinking.

所以，要开始思考，我们可以从我们之前讨论的四个视角或四个维度入手。

So to start thinking here, we can just question in the four perspectives or four dimensions like we talked about.

那么，社会是如何控制注意力并将其理念推广给大众的呢？

So how does society control attention and market their ideas to the masses?

这就是集体的内在世界。

That's the collective inner world.

在这个过程中，你的行为如何能比现在发生更大的改变，从而对社会产生积极影响？

How can your behavior change more than it already has during this process to have a positive impact on society?

要达到这种影响力，通过你的营销或其他方式留下自己的印记，需要哪些步骤？

What would be the steps to reaching such a point of influence with your marketing or other things that you can leave your mark?

这是个体的外在世界。

This is the individual outer world.

现在的就业市场是什么样的？

What does the job market look like right now?

工作真的是实现这一目标的真正途径吗？

Is the job an actual path to achieving such a thing?

那人工智能呢？

What about AI?

我能否利用现有的技术来产生这种影响？

Can I utilize the technology available to me to create that impact?

这是集体的外在世界，所有这些在这里正在融合。

This is the collective outer world and it's all kind of merging together here.

我这样思考对吗？还是有更多需要考虑的？

Am I thinking about this the right way or is there more?

我忽略了什么？这让我有什么感受？

What am I missing and how does this make me feel?

这让我感到有动力、受鼓舞，还是憎恨？

Does it make me feel motivated or inspired or hateful?

这是个体的内在世界。

That's the individual inner world.

我们现在可以继续深入，但我认为你已经明白重点了。

Now we can go on with that, but I think you get the point.

现在我们来谈谈如何进入第五维度，因为刚才讲的是第四维度，但我们将从克里希那穆提的一句名言开始。

So now we get to talk about how to tap into the fifth dimension because that was the fourth dimension but we're gonna start with a quote by Krishnamurti.

以适应一个深陷病态的社会来衡量健康，是毫无意义的。

It is no measure of health to be well adjusted to a profoundly sick society.

在我们继续这一部分时，请思考这句话的含义。

So think about that as we go through this section.

在所有先前的例子中，我们从未真正触及历史的力量。

In all previous examples, we never really tapped into the power of history.

历史是非常重要的，它能极大提升你的思考能力，因为如果你理解了事物如何随着时间发展和演变，你就能更准确地（虽然并非完全准确）预测未来，尤其是你自己的行动，从而为成功做好准备。

History is a very important thing and it increases your ability to think that much more because if you understand how things develop and evolve over time, you can predict not entirely accurately, but in a more accurate way how to go into the future, especially with your own actions so you can set yourself up for some kind of success.

但在这里，我们并不是要试图去了解。

But we're not trying to know here.

我们是要试图去理解。

We're trying to understand.

我们并不是要死记硬背历史中某些事件的事实。

We're not trying to memorize facts about certain events in history.

我们试图理解那些展开的普遍模式，因为这将使我们能在某种程度上理解任何属于这些模式的事物。

We're trying to understand the general patterns that unfold because that's going to allow us to understand anything that falls within those to some extent.

因此，这里有五件事你可以了解，以便更好地思考历史，我们将快速过一遍这些内容，因为我希望你能够自己独立思考。

So there are five things you can know here just to think about history better, and we're going to just run through these because I want to leave you to thinking on your own.

第一件事是，主导模式是超越且包容的。

The first thing is that the master pattern is transcendent include.

如果你采取唯物主义观点，他会说现实由原子构成。

So if you take a materialist, he would say that reality is composed of atoms.

如果你采取唯心主义观点，他会说现实由感受质构成。

If you take a mentalist, then he would say that reality is composed of qualia.

但如果我们为了理解而抽离出来，就会明白两者都是正确的，因为他们只是从不同的视角出发。

But if we zoom out for the sake of understanding, we understand that they're both correct because they're in separate perspectives.

因此，如果我们观察历史中真正发生的事情，就能理解现实从非常普遍和隐喻的角度来看，是由整体与部分构成的。

So if we look at what's actually happening throughout history, we can understand that reality is composed on a very general and metaphorical level of whole parts.

这意味着，现实由整体组成，但这些整体同时也是部分。

What that means is that it's composed of wholes, but those wholes are also parts.

举些例子，物质演化为生命，生命又演化为意识。

As some examples, matter evolves into life, evolves into mind.

每一个都是一个整体，因此，物质是生命的一部分，但它本身也是一个整体。

Each of those are a whole, and so, like, matter is a part of life, but it's also a whole in itself.

你可以想到词到句，句到段落，段落到章节，章节到书籍，书籍到图书馆，以此类推。

Then you can think of word to sentence to paragraph to chapter to book to library to wherever you wanna go.

或者从机器到计算机，到人工智能，再到之后可能出现的任何东西；或者从人类到房屋，到城市，到州，到国家，到大洲，到行星，到太阳系，到星系，如此类推。

Then you have machine to computer to artificial intelligence to whatever comes after that, or you have human to house to city to state to country to continent to planet to solar system to galaxy, so on and so forth.

这就是为什么人们所说的万物互联——当你从足够宏观的层面观察现实时，你看到的正是这一点。

This is why everything is connected in the way that people talk about is because when you observe reality from a broad enough level, you see exactly this.

因此，每当某种事物演化出新的形态，它都会超越并包含之前的事物。

So with each evolution of something, when something new emerges, it transcends and includes the thing before it.

这意味着，关键在于，如果你只超越而不包含，那就出问题了。

What that means, the important thing there is that if you transcend and you don't include, then something's wrong.

如果你移除了构成整体的某个部分，而这个部分正是该整体得以存在的基础，那么这个整体就会自我毁灭。

And if you remove one of the parts from the whole that allowed that thing to exist, then the whole self destructs.

这就是为什么环保主义者如此关注气候变化，因为如果生物圈崩溃了，人类也会随之灭亡。

So this is why environmentalists are so concerned with climate change is because if the biosphere goes to crap, then humanity goes down with it.

但从技术专家的角度来看，他们却认为，我们目前并不真的关心环境，因为我们最终会创造出能让生物圈变得更好的技术，从而让它得以生存。

But then you look at it from a technologist point of view and they're like, well, we don't really care about the environment right now because we're eventually going to create the technology that allows us to make the biosphere better and it will survive that way.

因此，他们思考的是加速与进步，而环保主义者则不是考虑倒退，而是现在就以不同的方式行事，以减缓那些会让生物圈恶化的资源消耗。

So they're thinking in terms of acceleration and progress while the environmentalists are thinking of not necessarily regression, but doing things differently right now so that we can slow down the use of the resources that would make the biosphere bad.

现在，通过一些例子，这一点会更清楚。

Now this will make more sense with examples.

所以你需要了解的第二件事是，个体是如何在生理上进化的。

So the second thing you need to know is just how individuals evolve physically.

对吧？

Right?

因此，我们需要探讨个体在生理和心理上如何进化，然后是集体在生理和心理上如何进化。

So we need to cover how individuals evolve physically and mentally, then how collectives evolve physically and mentally.

人类尤其倾向于通过不断扩大的关怀范围来发展或进化。

Humans specifically tend to evolve or develop through an increasing circle of care or concern.

因此，它从自我中心发展到群体中心，再到世界中心，最后到宇宙中心或现实本身。

So it goes from egocentric to ethnocentric to world centric to cosmocentric or reality itself.

这意味着你出生时最初是自私的，然后认同自己的部落或群体，接着认同整个人类或世界，如此类推。

What that means is that you're born and you kind of start out selfish and then you identify with your tribe or your group and then you identify with humanity as a whole or the world, and then so on and so forth.

但这里的关键是，人们总想跳过这些阶段。

But the thing here is that people try to skip levels.

他们不理解‘超越并包含’的原则。

They don't understand transcend and include.

他们试图把自己标榜为关心所有人平等的世界中心型人物，却不懂得你也必须关心自己的群体和自我，因为这些因素会极大影响你关怀世界的能力。

They try to identify as this world centric person who just cares about everyone's equality, but they don't understand that you also have to care about your group and yourself because those heavily impact how much you can care about the world.

这就像那句老话：你自己的杯子都空了，怎么给别人倒水？

It's like you can't what's the freaking what's the quote where you can't fill someone's glass from if your own is empty.

因此，在你的思考中必须考虑到这一点：这些自诩为世界中心型道德高尚的人，聪明却愚蠢。

So this has to be accounted for in your thinking because these people who identify as these world centric virtuous people are smart but dumb.

你不能为了那些听起来高尚的世界价值观而牺牲自己的价值观或群体价值观，因为没有后者，前者根本无法成立。

You do not sacrifice your own values or your group values for the sake of these world values that sound so noble when it doesn't work without the latter.

我是说前者。

I mean the former.

抱歉。

Sorry.

现在我想不起来之前有没有说明这是指个体在生理上还是心理上进化，但显然是心理上的。

Now I can't remember if I prefaced that as individuals evolving physically or mentally, but that was obviously mentally.

关注圈。

Circle of concern.

在生理层面，这很明显。

Physically, it's pretty obvious.

你从原子到细胞，再到分子，再到生物体，能够看到、感受到、品尝到、触摸到物理世界。

You go from atom to cell to molecule to organism, and you can like see and feel and taste and touch the physical world.

你理解这是如何发生的。

You understand how this happens.

至于社会在生理和心理上的演进，两者紧密交织，因为工具使得世界观或价值体系得以形成。

Now in terms of how societies evolve physically and mentally, they're both deeply intertwined because the tools allow for the worldview or the value system to emerge.

在社会层面，我们看到人类从部落演变为村庄，再发展为帝国和民族国家，这一过程中的技术先是狩猎采集和简单工具，随后是锄头和 digging sticks，这些工具带来了部分粮食剩余。

Now physically in societies, we see that people evolved from tribes to villages to empires to nation states, and the technology here was first hunting and gathering with simple tools and then digging sticks and hoes, which enabled some food surplus.

接着我们发明了马拉犁，这进一步增加了粮食剩余，使人们得以发现、探索和征服。

And then we invented the horse drawn plow, which led to even more of a food surplus that allowed people to discover and explore and conquer.

这与启蒙运动的出现密切相关，也解释了为何启蒙运动会发生。

This is close to the enlightenment and why that happened.

但随后我们发明了机器和计算机，使我们进一步远离了人类劳动和动物劳动。

But then we invented machines and computers and we abstracted ourselves further away from both human labor and animal labor.

因此，社会在物质层面的演进也促使其在精神层面同步发展。

So the evolution of societies physically allowed for them to evolve mentally as well.

这一过程与个体的发展方式类似：从自我中心，到族群中心，再到世界中心；但当我们讨论社会或集体时，使用不同的术语会更有帮助，比如前现代、现代到后现代，或前理性、理性到后理性，再到超理性。

And this happens in a similar way as it does in individuals where it's egocentric, ethnocentric, world centric, but when we are talking about societies or collectives, it helps to use different terminology so we can use something like pre modern, modern to postmodern, or pre rational to rational to post rational, and then trans rational.

这意味着在早期社会中，我们首先服从权威。

But what that means is that in earlier societies, we first conformed to authority.

对吧？

Right?

我们当时相信天空中有降雨之神，只要下雨，我们就认为是取悦了他们。

All we believed was that there were rain gods in the sky, and if it rained, we made them happy.

后来我们发现了科学与理性，开始重视进步。

And then we discovered science and reason, and we started to value progress.

而如今我们进入了后现代世界，倾向于解构一切，认为所有事物都应当平等，但现实并非如此。

And now we're in this postmodern world where we kind of deconstruct everything and we think everything should be equal when it doesn't work that way.

因此，我们需要超越并包容其中好的部分。

And so we need to transcend and include the good parts.

如果我们把这一点具体化、实用化，来实际思考它，那就想想我们现在所处的智能时代。

So if we ground this and make this practical and how to actually think about it, think of where we are right now in the age of intelligence.

如果你作为企业仍依赖工业时代的科技，或者认为正确的道路是上学、找工作、65岁退休——因为那是工业时代该做的，那你就是在运行过时的软件，必须更新。

If you are still operating on industrial age technology as a business or you think that the right path to go down is go to school, get a job, retire at 65 because that's what you would do in the industrial age, you're running on this outdated software and you need to change it.

所以，如果我们想让这一点变得实用，就需要将其扎根于现实。

So if we want to make this practical, we want to ground it.

我们可以思考当前的处境：人工智能已经近在咫尺，但没人知道下一步该做什么。

We can think of the situation we're currently in where AI is on our doorstep and no one knows what to do next.