问答时间：继续努力储蓄，还是多为家人花钱？成功套利3万英镑！补缴缺失的国民保险年份？

太感谢了。

Thanks very much.

祝你好运，老兄。

Good luck, mate.

保重啊。

Take care.

继续加油！

Keep up the good work.

谢谢。

Thank

不客气。

you.

谢谢你。

Thank you.

好的，马特。

Right, Matt.

这真的太有意思了。

That was really interesting.

这个问题太吸引人了。

I I it was fascinating question.

我特别喜欢这个播客的地方就在于，我们可以聊一些我称之为软技能的问题，而不是像主播里那样总盯着硬技能。

It's what I do love about this podcast is that we have the ability to go into sort of what I would call softer skills questions rather than the hard skills questions, which I tend to focus on in the main pod.

这太棒了，因为我觉得其他地方根本找不到这样的空间。

So it's great because I don't think I don't think there's a place that we could do something like that elsewhere.

这不就是《问答时间》最棒的地方吗？

Isn't that what's good about Question Time?

太棒了。

It's so good.

太棒了，”《问答时间》的制作人马特说。

It's so good, says Matt, producer of Question Time.

那当然了。

Obviously.

你可能得替我读一下。

You've probably got to read for me.

好。

Yes.

咱们来听个谢菲尔德的哈里吧？

Shall we do Harry in Sheffield?

好。

Yes.

我不清楚他想问啥，但八成是行的。

I don't know what his question is, but probably yes.

除非他问得太烂，那就不行。

Unless it's a bad question, in which case, no.

哈里发了封邮件来。

Harry has

邮件里。

emailed in.

他说：亲爱的马丁和马特，现在大家都这么做了。

He says, dear Martin and Matt, people are doing this now.

就你和马特俩人吧，对吧？

It's just Martin and Matt, isn't it?

你可别跟马丁配对啊。

You're not gonna matched to Martin.

我觉得你得记住，大多数制作人不会把自己搭进去。

I think you need to remember that most producers don't get themselves.

对。

Yes.

你上一期刚说过这话。

You said that last episode last

episode。

episode.

这对你来说是极大的认可，但对马特和马丁来说就不太合适了。

It's I it's hugely flattering to you and would be inappropriate for Matt and Martin.

对。

Right.

我有个问题。

Here's a question.

首先，他想感谢马丁和他的团队，感谢你们多年来提供的财务信息。

Firstly, he just wants to say thanks to Martin and his team for the financial information you provided over the years.

而且

And

非常感谢。

Thank you very much.

他还想感谢马特和整个播客团队，感谢你们每周都这么用心地把播客带给大家。

He also says to Matt and the rest of the podcast team for the hard work in bringing the podcast to us every week.

不客气。

You're welcome.

谢谢。

Thank you.

哎呀，干得漂亮，哈里。

Oh, well done, Harry.

我喜欢这个。

I like that.

谢谢。

Thank you.

这么说来，我刚才评论练习次数的事，倒显得我有点刻薄了，是吧？

That actually makes me look like a bit of a mean person now, doesn't it, for commenting on practicing about

次数？

the amount?

真不错。

Nice.

大家都懂的。

Everybody knows.

所有听节目的人都知道，这本来就是QT的一部分嘛。

Every everybody listening gets the gets that's just part of QT shit.

别担心。

Do not worry.

继续说。

Carry on.

他说我的问题跟LISA奖金有关。

He says my question relates to the LISA bonus.

我目前正在买人生第一套房子，打算用LISA来凑一部分钱。

I'm currently in the process of buying my first home, and we'll be using the LISA as part of it.

太好了。

Great.

新财年一开，我又存了4000进去，按理说应该能拿到25%的政府补贴。

As the new tax year has started, I contributed another 4,000 to it, which means I should be entitled to the 25% government bonus.

没错。

Correct.

但如果我在奖金到账前就把房子买了——通常奖金是下个月最后一天才发——那会怎么样？

However, what would happen if I complete the purchase before the bonus for the year is paid, which is usually the last day of the following month?

我猜这笔奖金还是会正常打到那个空账户里，如果我提前取出来买房，那就只能认罚了。

I'm assuming it will get paid into the now empty account as normal, and I'll just have to pay the penalty if I wanted to take it out before retirement.

还是说，如果提前通知提供商我要用这个LISA买房，奖金能提前到账？

Or is there a way the bonus can be paid early if the provider is notified that the LISA is going be used?

我觉得这事儿没别的办法。

I do not think there is a way around that.

如果你在奖金到账前就把房子买了，那这笔奖金就用不上了，要么留着，要么就得交罚款取出来。

If you complete before a bonus is paid, you won't get to use that bonus towards your house move, and you would either have to keep it or withdraw the penalty.

我也没听说过有什么办法能绕开这个规定。

I'm not aware of a way around that.

咱们现在来捋一捋整个流程。

Now let's just talk everybody through this.

终身LISA是给首次购房者设计的，你18岁到40岁生日前都可以开这个账户。

So the lifetime ISA is a first time buyer's product that you can open between age 18 and the day before your fortieth birthday.

你存进去的钱，政府会额外再给25%的奖金。

You get 25% bonus put on top of the money you put in.

你还会赚利息，但利息部分可没有额外奖励。

You also earn interest as well, but not, you don't get a bonus on the interest.

当你用这笔钱买首套房时，政府会给你25%的补贴，前提是这套房有房贷，而且总价不超过45万英镑。

25% bonus put on top of the money that you put in when you use it towards a qualifying first time property, which is a property that you have a mortgage on that costs under £450,000.

但前提是，你以前在全世界任何地方都没买过房，也不能是部分拥有房产。

You can only do that if you've never owned a property or part owned a property anywhere in the world before.

或者你也可以等到60岁再把钱取出来。

Alternatively, you can leave it until you're age 60 and take it out.

要是你提前取出来用在别的地方，通常会收到相当于6.25%的惩罚性扣款——不过这个算法有点特别。

But if you take it out for any other purpose, you would pay what I normally talk about is an effective penalty of 6.25%, but it does work slightly differently in this case.

让我试着给你讲清楚。

So let me just try and explain.

一般来说，补贴是每月到账的，你存完钱之后就会加上去。

So the bonus tends to be paid monthly after you've put the money in.

比如你存了4000英镑，政府就会额外给你1000英镑的补贴。

So if you put £4,000 in, you would get £1,000 bonus on that.

一年最多能存这么多，奖金会在月底到账。

That's the maximum you could put in a year, and that bonus would be paid at the end of the month.

规则是，如果你提前取钱——当然，你也可以等到60岁再拿，但要是提前取，就得被扣25%的罚金。

Now the rule is if you withdraw money, so of course you could leave this through until you're 60, but if you withdraw the money, then you pay a 25% penalty.

我之所以说这相当于6.25%的罚金，是因为这其实是对你本金的净损失。

Now the reason I phrase the 25% penalty as a 6.25% penalty is this, because that's a 6.25% effective penalty on what you've put in.

比如你存了1万英镑，政府会额外给你25%，变成1万2千5百；但如果你取出来，又得被扣掉25%。

So if you put in £10,000, you get 25% added on top of that, which is £12,500, but then you then get to 25% taken off that.

问题是，这次扣的是1万2千5百的25%，比扣1万的25%要多得多。

And as we're now taking 25% off a bigger number, 25 off, 12 is a bigger amount than 25% on 10,000.

所以实际损失相当于6.75%——因为你最后只能拿回9375英镑。

And that's actually where the 6.75% penalty comes in because you would effectively withdraw £9,375.

你存了1万，最后只拿回9375，因为奖金先加了，罚金再扣。

So you put £10,000 in, you get £9,375 out because the bonus is added on, then the penalty is taken off.

所以我说这是相当于6.25%的净罚金。

That's why I called it an effective 6.25% penalty.

我之所以要解释这一点，是因为哈里今年存了4000英镑。

Now the reason I'm explaining this is because in Harry's specific example, he's put £4,000 in for this year.

我肯定他以前年份也存过钱，还拿过之前的奖金。

I'm sure he's got money in from previous years and got bonus in for previous years.

所有这些钱都会用来付他的购房首付。

All of that will go to his housing deposit.

但如果这4000英镑的奖金是之后才加上的，而他现在想取出来，那就要被扣掉25%。

But if the bonus on the £4,000 is added afterwards and he wants to withdraw it, he would lose 25%.

所以他最后只能拿到750英镑。

So he would take out £750.

虽然哈里肯定不希望这样，这很能理解，但如果你真急需这笔钱，而且你其他地方还有养老金储蓄，就是为了买新房才动这笔钱，那其实也没那么糟——你只是罚了奖金部分，而不是罚了本金。

Now while that is not a situation that Harry wants, quite understandably, it is worth thinking if you are in the position where you need that money and you've got your own pension savings elsewhere you really want it for your new house, it's not like you're paying the penalty on the entire amount and at least it's only the penalty on the bonus.

你罚的不是自己存进去的钱，只是罚了那笔奖金而已。

It's not the penalty on the money that you put in, you're just paying the penalty on the bonus.

所以750英镑总比一分没有强。

So $7.50 is still better than nothing.

至少你还能拿到一笔奖金。

You're at least gonna get some form of bonus on the back of it.

我这算是给这事儿找点积极的一面吧。

That's me trying to put a silver lining to the cloud.

所以最重要的是，希望他们能尽快把钱打给你，好让你用得上。

So most important, let's just hope they pay you quickly enough for you to be able to use it.

你可以直接问他们：你们大概什么时候发这笔奖金？

I mean, what you could certainly do is you could ask them, do you know when you're gonna pay this bonus?

你完全可以打个电话问问，能不能把时间提前一点？

You always have the call, is it possible to speed it up?

我以前从来没听过有人这么操作，但这次还真是头一回有人问我这个。

I've never heard of it being done, but this is the first time I've had this question.

说不定真能办成，要是成了记得告诉我一声。

So you may be able to do it and do let me know if you can.

就算他们只告诉你奖金哪天到账，你也能拿这个信息去调整购房交割时间，只要别因此丢了房子就行。

But even if they just tell you the day the bonus is going to go in, you might be able to utilize that and to move your exchange date, as long as you're not losing the house that you're going for.

祝你好运啊，哈里。

Wish good luck on it, Harry.

那本来就是我想问的，因为你刚把交房日期改了。

That was gonna be my question, because you just moved the date that you complete.

日期当然可以调，但我不确定能不能成，我这么说可不是故意泼冷水。

Well, could move the but of course, don't know, and I don't say this in the pejorative way.

马特，你买过房子吗？

Have you ever bought a house, Matt?

没有，没买过。

No, no.

你买房子的时候，买卖双方总得谈判，卖家当然希望你赶紧签合同、定下来。

Okay, so the point when you buy a house, it is always a negotiation between the buyer and the seller, and the seller will obviously want you to exchange and get it locked in sooner.

要是你不赶紧签，他们随时可能把房子卖给别人，让你被别人抢走，也就是被‘插单’。

And if you don't exchange, they might, there's always the chance that they'll sell it to somebody else and not sell it to you and someone else will come in and gazump you.

所以，改日期可不是小事。

So it's never, moving the date is quite a big thing.

原来如此。

I see.

如果你真想买这房子，就想赶紧定下来，那就别改日期，拖得越久，越可能买不到。

If you've got, if this is the house that you really wanna buy and you wanna lock it in, then you're not going to want to move the date because that increases the risk that you might not get it.

所以这件事确实挺棘手的。

So that's why it's quite difficult on that one.

你是不是正想着：哎，我本来想问他来着？

Are you sitting there thinking, oh, I know what I wanted to ask him.

这不就是你的机会吗？

Well, this is your opportunity.

有啥问题，直接发邮件到 martinlewispodcastbbc dot co dot uk 就行。

If you've got a question, then just send them in to martinlewispodcastbbc dot co dot uk.

来吧，亲爱的马丁，你先问。

And please do start them, dear Martin.

不是，是亲爱的马特。

No, dear Matt.

马丁，亲爱的。

Dear Martin.

马特，亲爱的。

Dear Matt.

马特，我们现在要接听众来电了吗？

Matt, are we going into a caller now?

我们今天要做一件从来没做过的事。

We are doing something we've never done before.

什么事？

What's that?

我们要同时连线两位听众。

We are gonna get two callers up

在

at the

同一时间。

same time.

这是一次双人连线通话。

It's a bug off call.

这是一次双人连线通话。

It's a bug off call.

我们请来了亚历克斯和米莉，一对夫妻。

We've got Alex and Millie, their husband and wife.

他们俩都在哈罗盖特，现在和我们一起——

They're both in Harrogate, and they are here with

在这儿。

us.

你好。

Hello.

下午好。

Good afternoon.

马丁。

Martin.

你好，Alex，还有Millie，你们好。

Hello, Alex, and hello, Millie.

你好。

Hello.

下午好。

Good afternoon.

Millie，我很高兴能认出你来，因为要是没有你，光靠Alex还真容易搞混。

And I'm glad Millie I'm I'm guessing I can work out which one you are because Alex could have been confusing if if there hadn't been a Millie there.

说真的，大概就是那个背景里孩子在大喊大叫的吧，好吧。

To be fair, it's probably the one with the kids screaming in the background, but Okay.

是的。

Yeah.

这样挺好。

That's good.

要是Alex和Leslie，那可就真难分了，对吧？

Alex and Leslie, that would have been a tough one, wouldn't it?

你会选哪个呢？

Which would you have gone for?

亚历克斯和米莉。

Alex and Millie.

哎呀，我跑题了。

Anyway, I digress too.

你继续说。

Carry on.

那你这次联系是想干嘛？

So what what are you calling for?

我最近给马修·《绅士》发了封邮件，我们一直特别爱听这个播客，其实是我老婆先把我介绍给你，马丁的。

So I emailed in to Matthew Esquire, recently with my we've sort of been avid listeners of the podcast, and my wife actually introduced me to, you, Martin.

亚历克斯，你娶了个好老婆啊。

You married very well, Alex.

对啊。

Yes.

你娶得真好。

Thank married very well.

亚历克斯，记住了啊。

Alex, remember that.

而且说实话，我们追这个播客都好多年了，你们说的每一条建议我们都认真听，最近还真碰上两件特别顺的事儿——这还得归功于你们之前一位听众提到的第75条索赔规定。

And yeah, obviously, we've been following for for years now and obviously, we we take all your advice and guidance and we've recently had here a couple of really good successes and off the back of, I think it was one of your previous callers who mentioned the section 75 claim.

我们后来自己也试了一回，因为买车出了点问题，就找银行申请了，结果真退回来了1800英镑。

We put in one ourselves with our our our bank after we had a bit of an issue with our car and managed to get £1,800 back.

快跟我们说说！

Oh, tell us.

怎么搞的？

Tell, how?

到底怎么回事？什么时候？为什么？怎么做到的？

Tell, what, when, when, why, how, why?

我们是从一家正规的二手车行买的车，开了大概十一个月后，正时链条出了问题，那家店简直烂透了。

So we bought a car secondhand from a approved used garage, and after about eleven months, the car developed a timing chain issue, and the the garage was absolutely awful.

他们根本不回任何消息。

They refused to respond to anything.

后来找了调解机构，折腾了整整一大截时间，

It went through the ombudsman, which took an absolute age and

汽车调解机构。

The motor ombudsman.

对，就是它。

Correct.

没错。

Yeah.

说白了，这叫调解机构。

Which which well, it's called an ombudsman.

它不像金融调解机构那样是法定的。

It's not a statutory based ombudsman like the financial ombudsman.

这是行业自律组织下的调解机构。

It's a trade body ombudsman.

我老是想，到底谁有资格自称是调解员啊？

I always have questions, well, who should be allowed to call themselves ombudsman or not?

不过咱们继续吧。

But we'll carry on.

我都耽误你讲故事了。

I'm delaying your story.

是的。

Yeah.

最后我们干脆放弃了这条路，看了下情况，心想不如试试别的，就去了银行，结果简直太简单了。

Eventually we sort of gave up with that route, saw the story, and we thought, hey, let's try this and went to went to our bank and, you know, it was absolutely incredibly easy.

银行特别支持，我们把证据一交，很快就拿回了1800英镑，本来得自己掏钱修车的。

They were very, very supportive, got the evidence to them, and very quickly we found ourselves back in position of having £1,800, which we'd have to fork out to cover a car.

哎呀，这真是太好了。

Oh, well, that's absolutely wonderful.

我跟大伙儿解释一下啊，如果你买的东西价格在100到3万英镑之间，哪怕只用信用卡付了一分钱，那银行和商家就得共同承担责任。

So just to to explain to everybody, if you if you pay for an item costing between a £100 and £30,000, and you pay for any of it, even a penny on a credit card, the credit card company is jointly liable with the retailer.

现在的好处是，如果商家故意为难你，你可以直接找信用卡公司，就像你们这种情况，太棒了——他们通常会说，行，我们来保障你的消费者权益，因为你跟信用卡公司之间的消费者权益，跟跟商家是一样的。

Now the advantage is if the retailer is causing difficulties, you can go to the credit card company and hopefully, as in your case, which is brilliant, it will say, alright, we will give you your consumer rights and we will get because you have the same consumer rights with the credit card companies, with the retailer.

如果他们不认账，有意思的是，你可以直接把信用卡公司告到金融申诉专员那里，就为消费者权益这事。

And if they don't, what's actually interesting is with the credit card company, you can take them to the financial ombudsman about consumer rights.

但要是普通商家，那就难多了。

Whereas it's much more difficult with normal retail.

一般你都得上法庭，除非找申诉专员——不过其实那些申诉专员更多是做调解的，不是真正意义上的官方申诉机构，正因如此，你们这招才管用。

You generally have to go to court unless as an ombudsman, but the ombudsman tend to be actually dispute resolution processes rather than full on ombudsman, and it and it just that's why it worked.

干得漂亮。

Well done.

太棒了。

Brilliant.

你刚才说有好几个。

You said a couple.

我还想听更多。

I want more.

再多存点钱吧。

More savings, please.

米莉，你有吗？

Millie, have you got one?

有。

Yeah.

没有。

No.

当然有。

Absolutely.

马丁，我早就开始关注你了，就像我说的那样。

So I first started following you way way back, Martin, as I said.

你在省钱这方面比亚历克斯强太多了。

You are so superior at money saving to Alex.

我现在就想说这句话。

I'd like to say that now.

但其实我从2019年就开始存钱了，那时候还没认识亚历克斯，我就在攒一大笔钱当房子的首付。

But that that started, you know, in 2019, before I met Alex, I was obviously trying to save a big pool for a deposit for a mortgage on a house.

我记得刚认识亚历克斯的时候，我俩把钱合在一起，那时候我已经存了不少了。

I remember the time I'd met Alex and we pooled together, I'd saved so much.

我当时听从了一个建议，开了个利率特别高、甚至是当时最高的账户，就是高盛旗下的Marcus。

One of the recommendations I took was to open at the time, which was a really, really high interest or the highest at the time, which was Marcus by Goldman Sachs.

没错。

Yep.

比如说这个账户，就特别棒。

So, like, that, for example, was great.

你推荐的换银行操作，我们都搞定了。

We've done all of the bank switches you've recommended.

光是这一项，我们就多赚了两百多刀。

So we've made over $2 on that over

你那套换银行的套路，我们可太爱了。

the Your serial bank switches love it.

是的

Yeah.

不是

No.

当然了

Absolutely.

我的意思是，别误会，一起安排日程这些事儿，我确实搞砸过一回，让Alex记恨到现在，她老提这事儿。

So I mean, don't get me wrong, the logistics of working the joint diary and all the bits, I will admit, I did cock up on one of them, deny Alex, of which Alex will always always hold that against me.

每个人都会犯一次错嘛。

We're all allowed one mistake.

省了不少钱。

Saved a lot.

现在嘛，Alex更清楚我们装修房子和省钱的具体做法，她能说得更详细。

And then at the moment, I think Alex can talk more about what we're doing for our house renovation and money saving.

我们后来听了整个‘套利’的玩法，也变得特别精打细算。

We ended up sort of listening in and hearing about the whole stoozing thing and being fairly fastidious with money.

我们本来想先试着了解一下，看看情况再说。

We thought we'd have a look into it a bit more inside of a try it.

因为我们现在在自己动手装修房子，就想这法子能帮我们Cover所有开销，不用动存款，结果真挺管用的，到现在已经攒了差不多三万零三百美元。

Given we're doing a DIY project renovation at the moment, we thought it'd be a great way of covering all our costs and not having to dig into our savings and it's worked out really well and we've managed to sort of pull about $30.30 grand so far

你们有个三万美元的stooze账户？

into You've got a $30 stooze pot?

是的。

Yeah.

我们现在正想方设法把这个账户再做大一点，毕竟我们跟别人还有不少信用额度，但都不是0%的，这算是个变通的办法。

We're trying to sort of find a way of making it a bit bigger really because we've got a lot of credit with other other people, which isn't on a 0%, so it's sort of kind of wangular way of getting around that.

这真是我最近听过最大的stooze账户了。

That's the biggest stooze pot I've heard, new stooze pot I've heard in a while.

对不太了解的人解释一下，stooze账户就是你故意制造一笔不需要的0%债务。

So for those who don't know, stooze pot is where you deliberately create artificial 0% debt that you don't need.

你借0%利息的钱，然后存起来赚高利息。

So you borrow money at 0% and then you save it at high interest.

所以如果你有三万块是零利率的，操作起来还挺复杂的——这招只适合像亚历克斯和米莉这样懂理财的人，咱们以前也聊过具体怎么做。

So if you've got $30 at 0% and it's complicated how you do it, and this is only for people who are financially savvy as Alex and Millie clearly are, and we've talked about how to do it in the past.

我就不细讲全套操作了。

I'm not gonna run into the full details on it.

这叫‘套利存钱法’。

It's called stoozing.

三万块按4%的利息算，一年能赚一千二百镑，对吧？

Well with $30 at 4% interest, that's £1,200 a year gained, isn't it?

这可真够厉害的。

I mean, that's really well done.

没错。

That's right.

我倒觉得有件事特别有意思。

I tell you what's interesting for me.

之前有个听众打来电话，说他和他老婆对储蓄这事看法不太一样，这在夫妻间还挺容易闹矛盾的。

And we had the caller on earlier and he was talking about how he and his wife have slightly different ideas about whether the savings, and that can be a friction in a relationship.

我不是说他俩就是这样，但像你们这样操作，两个人都得真心投入才行。

I'm not saying it was in his case, but to do something like you're doing, you both have to be into it.

要想搞起这30美元的套利操作，还来回换银行，你们俩肯定得一起享受这过程，我猜是这样。

To be able to get a $30 stooze pot and to be doing the bank switching, it has to be something that you both love together, I'm presuming.

我能听出来，你们确实有这种默契。

And and I can hear it's there.

那当然了。

I mean, absolutely.

我们一直都是一起搞的。

I mean, we we've done it all together.

我们算是一对儿吧。

I'd say we're a couple.

这么说听起来有点糟，但……

We sort of it sounds awful.

通常人们都觉得，情侣里总得有一个人专门管账、管钱什么的。

The stereotype is there's always one person in the couple that knows all about the accounts, money, etcetera.

我觉得我们俩完全不是那样的。

And I think, like, we are completely against that.

我们俩都清楚账上的情况。

Like, we both know what's going on.

Alex一开始玩套利的时候，我还说：等等，这不行。

I mean, Alex started with the stoozing, I was like, hold on now.

别这样啊。

Come on.

你得让我也参与进来。

You've gotta let me in.

我得知道到底在搞什么。

I need to know what's going on.

我可是管记录的那个人。

I'm the diarizer here.

你懂的。

You know?

一个都没落下

Have not

错过

missed any

任何一个

of them.

所以，没错，你说得对

So, yeah, absolutely, you're right.

这绝对是两个人一起努力的事，尤其是情侣，我觉得双方都得全心投入，这样才能获得最大的好处

It's definitely a joint effort, and I think both if you're in a couple, especially, I think both of you need to be on board together, like, the absolute max benefit.

对

Yeah.

我觉得这太完美了

Oh, I think it's perfect.

你们俩真棒

You two are amazing.

我想跟你一起做个节目。

I wanna do a program with you.

你太厉害了。

You're brilliant.

我太喜欢了。

I love it.

简直完美。

It's fantastic.

马特，我觉得咱们真该做个亚历克斯和米莉的特别篇。

Matt, we might need to do an Alex and Millie special, I think.

我刚也在想这个，我们

I was just thinking the same We

可以这么做。

could we could do that.

咱们可以好好梳理一下。

We could go through.

咱们哪天可以请他们和亚德里安一起上主节目聊聊。

We could maybe bring them in with Adrian here on the main pod one day Yeah.

把那些不同的问题都过一遍。

And just go through all those different issues.

这主意真不错。

That could really work.

谁知道呢。

You never know.

你正在听呢。

You're listening here.

说不定以后就能听到。

You might hear it in the future.

对。

Mhmm.

谢谢你们俩，太棒了。

Thank you two are brilliant.

太感谢了。

Thank you so much.

也谢谢你帮忙，真的非常感谢。

And thank you for your help as well and your help.

也谢谢你为我们做的一切。

Thank you for all you've done for us as well.

这真是我的荣幸。

It's absolutely my pleasure.

听你这么说我很开心。

I love to hear it.

谢谢你。

Thank you.

谢谢。

Thank you.

谢谢二位。

Thanks both.

干杯，老兄。

Cheers, mate.

马特，我觉得在咱们讨论怎么称呼贡献者之前，还能再问一个问题。

Matt, I think we could probably squeeze in one more question before we get into the discussion of what we're gonna call contributors.

好的。

Okay.

我觉得可以问一个霍莉的问题。

I think we can do one from Holly.

她说：嗨，马丁。

She says, hi, Martin.

我是你们节目的铁粉。

Big fan of the show.

谢谢你，霍莉。

Thank you, Holly.

而且霍莉肯定也超喜欢你，马特。

And and and I'm sure she loves you too, Matt.

是的

Yeah.

当然了

Definitely.

即使她没提到你。

Even if she didn't mention you.

她还说，我不想

And she just And I don't want

你别为此不高兴。

you to get upset about it.

她忘了我的名字。

She forgot my name.

我们就不提她没叫你了。

We're not gonna mention that she didn't you.

你接着说吧。

So just carry on.

别纠结这个了。

Just move on.

她根本就没这么做过。

She's not been doing that at all.

前几天有人发邮件来，直接叫我马丁，可另一个 guy 的名字我真想不起来了。

Someone did email in the other day and said, hi, Martin, and I forgot the name of the other guy.

至少人家还记得你啊。

Well, at least they remembered you.

我的意思是，霍莉，她根本就没注意到你。

I mean, Holly, she's she's she's not noticed you.

我本来想说，要不咱们回听一下以前的播客，但又不想多嘴。

I Well, did think you could just go back on a a previous podcast, but I didn't wanna say anything.

算了，咱们还是说霍莉的问题吧。

Anyway, let's go Holly's question.

我们觉得可能因为这个，自己这边也要搞点动静了。

We think we may be getting two up our own whatever because on this.

不行。

No.

绝对不行。

Never.

对了，Holly的问题是什么来着？

That Holly, let's what's Holly's question?

我喜欢Holly。

I like Holly.

她是节目的铁粉。

She's a big fan of the show.

她说她现在在纠结要不要补缴一些国家保险的空缺部分。

She says she's currently debating whether to fill in some of the gaps in her National Insurance contributions.

这话真不好说。

It's hard to say that.

明白了。

Okay.

我有两年的保费可以补缴，

I have two years I can pay,

这属于国民保险的缴费部分。

which should It's National Insurance contributions.

没错。

It is.

我有些国民保险的缴费空档。

Some of the gaps in my National Insurance contributions.

但我实在没法继续了。

Well, I can't carry on.

谢谢。

Thank you.

她说，我能补缴两年，这样我的总缴费年限就能达到十年，虽然还没达到我原本想的小时数，唉，我都不知道该怎么说了。

She says, have two years I can pay, which would bring my total number of years to ten, not as many hours as I would have oh, I can't speak.

马特，你这是怎么了？

Matt, what what's happened to you?

你是不是听播客听累了？

Have you got have you got podcast fatigue?

我确实累了。

I have, yeah.

我得去桌子底下躺会儿。

I'm gonna have a nap under

底下。

the desk.

这可是你们这个年纪、很多千禧一代都有的新毛病。

This is a new condition that many people of your age, many millennials are suffering.

就是播客听累了。

It's podcast fatigue.

这可真是够糟的。

It's a terrible thing.

播客太多了。

Too many podcasts.

她两年了。

She has two years.

她两年了。

She has two years.

你得把这部分全留着。

I want you to leave all of this in.

我和听众都希望保留这部分。

I want I the listeners want this in.

他们不希望保留这部分。

They don't want this in.

他们其实希望保留这部分。

They do want this in.

问题是，这家伙就抛出这么个问题？

The question is, this guy just say this question?

你知道我

Do know I'm

要听的是这个吧？

gonna hear?

所以问题很清楚了。

So the question's clear.

你可以再问一遍，但这些内容都得保留下来。

You can start the question again, but all this needs to stay in.

好的。

Okay.

明白了。

Okay.

霍莉，我们节目的铁粉。

Holly, big fan of the show.

她现在在纠结要不要补缴一些国家保险的欠款。

She's currently debating whether to fill in some of the gaps in her National Insurance contributions.

她有两年的额度可以补缴，这样她的总年限就能达到十年——虽然没她理想中那么多，但她之前在国外工作了好几年，还读过书。

She has two years she can pay, which would bring her total number of years to ten, not as many as she'd like to racked up, but she spent several years working abroad and some time studying.

她还说，她现在36岁。

She goes on to say, I'm currently 36.

现在交这两笔钱值得吗？还是说反正我迟早能凑满35年，拿到全额养老金，这钱就白花了？

Is it worth paying the two now, or would it be considered a waste of money as I'm likely to reach the 35 needed for a full state pension anyway?

明白了。

Righty ho.

这问题问得真有意思，马特。

Well, that's a really interesting question, Matt.

你一口气说完都没卡壳，真厉害，第二部分也讲得特别好。

Well done for getting all the way through without any stumbles You on the second

你真是专业人士。

are a professional.

对。

Mhmm.

对。

Right.

首先你要明白，要拿到国家养老金，最少得缴满十年的国民保险。

So the first thing to understand is the minimum number of years that you need to have of National Insurance contributions in order to get a state pension is ten years.

这可是最低门槛。

That's the minimum.

要是少于十年，那一分都算不上。

If you have less than ten years, nothing counts.

不过听上去你打算在英国工作，所以这根本不是问题。

But it sounds to me like you're planning to work in The UK, so that isn't an issue.

我觉得你这操作有点多余了。

I think this is probably overkill.

去年以前，你一次性能补缴好多年，那是从旧养老金制度过渡到新制度时的特殊政策。

We until last year, you could buy back a huge number of years in one go, and that was a transitional arrangement when we shifted from the old state pension to the new state pension.

但现在这项政策没了。

That's gone.

现在最多只能补缴六年。

You can now buy back six years.

如果你在想，这买额外国民保险年限到底是为了啥？

For those of you thinking, what is all this buying back extra National Insurance shares all about?

我简单说一下。

Just a quick briefing.

你到了退休年龄能不能领国家养老金，就看你的国民保险年限够不够。

When you hit state pension age, whether you get a state pension or not depends on the number of National Insurance shares.

平时上班交的社保就算在内。

Now you get National Insurance contributions from work.

带孩子或者符合条件领福利的时候，也能算上，这些年限是慢慢累积的。

Can also get it when looking after children or if you are eligible for certain benefits, and you accrue them over the years.

领养老金最少得有十年保险年限。

To get a state pension, you need a minimum of ten years.

要领满额养老金，大概需要三十五年。

To get the full state pension, you need roughly thirty five years.

但不是说非得三十五年不可。

It isn't thirty five years.

别以为非得凑满三十五年不可。

Don't think it is thirty five years.

到底是不是三十五年，这得看情况。

Whether it's thirty five years or not depends.

不过咱们大概说个三十五年吧。

But let's just say roughly thirty five years.

如果你已经缴了十年以上，但还没到三十五年，那每多缴一年，你的养老金就会多一点。

Now if you've got between ten years and the full amount of years, roughly thirty five, then each extra year that you have means you get a bigger state pension.

多缴一年国民保险，每年能多拿大约360英镑的养老金。

An extra National Insurance year is worth around £360 a year of state pension for you.

所以如果你退休时拿不到全额养老金，哪怕花一千英镑买一年，也值——因为每年能多拿360镑，只要多活个几年，立马回本。

So if you're going to retire on less than the full state pension, and you can buy a year even if it costs you a thousand pounds, because it's going to add £360 a year to your state pension, if you live just a few years, once you get your state pension, you make the money back.

而且现在养老金还有‘三重锁定’机制。

And currently, the state pension is also triple locked.

也就是说，它每年涨幅取平均工资增长、2.5%、或通胀三者中最高的那个。

That means it rises with the higher of average earnings, 2.5%, or inflation.

所以以现在的制度来看，这简直是稳赚不赔。

So it's completely unbeatable looking at the current system.

但对年轻人来说，问题是这套制度以后可能会变。

The question for younger people, though, is the current system could change.

所以如果你缺了国民保险缴费年份，而且知道自己拿不到全额养老金，那就趁早补缴回来。

So that's why you may want to look back if you're missing National Insurance years and buy them back if you're not gonna get the full state pension anyway.

不过就像我在播客里说的，实际情况比这要复杂一点。

But as I'm explaining in the podcast, it's a little bit more complicated than that.

等我讲完这个，再回头说之前那个。

Back to my other explanation after this explanation.

我知道，听起来是有点乱。

I know, it's all a bit met.

我第一件事就是去查你的养老金预估。

The first thing I'd do is I'd go and look at your pension projection.

你去 gov.uk 看一下你的养老金预估，系统预测你退休时能拿到全额养老金吗？——虽然那还早着呢。

On your pension projection, your state pension projection, which is on gov.uk, are you predicted to be able to get that you will have the full state pension when you retire, which is a very long time away?

如果你已经达到全额养老金标准，那我觉得这事儿真没必要折腾。

If you are, I think this is probably overkill.

因为一旦你拿到全额养老金，再多缴国民保险也不会让你领得更多，不会变成‘超全额’。

Because it's not like once you get to the full state pension, you earn more National Insurance shares, you get an even bigger than the full state pension.

很多人老了以后都纳闷：我都够领全额养老金了，干嘛还非得继续缴国民保险？

You know, it doesn't work like that, and many older people complain going, I've now got enough for my full state pension, why do I have to keep paying National Insurance?

其实呢，国民保险本质上就是个税，只不过它被包装成了你为将来领养老金做的贡献。

That's because National Insurance is a tax in reality, it's just a tax that also happens to be demarked as your contributions towards getting a state pension once you're older.

所以，如果你已经能拿到全额养老金了，那真没必要再补缴了。

So if you are on for the full state pension, then you probably don't need to do this.

唯一例外的情况是，如果你能以特别特别便宜的价格买到这些年份。

The only time I would make an exception on that is if you could buy these years really, really cheaply.

比如那些‘部分年份’——就是你差一点点就能凑满一整年，但又没完全够，这种是按块算的。

If any of these are part years, so a part year is where you're almost got all the contributions you need to get a year, but you're not quite in it's binary.

我知道有人花15英镑就买到了一个部分年份。

So I know people who've been able to buy part years for £15.

通常来说，买满一年得花九百英镑左右。

Normally it's gonna cost you, a full year is gonna cost you in the 900 ish pounds.

但如果你能花十五、二十块，甚至五十块就买到一个部分年份，那倒是可以考虑一下。

But if you could buy a part year for £15, £20, hey, maybe even £50.

就算你现在这个年纪，万一以后出点啥事呢？毕竟你最多只能补缴六年，我真会想：算了，就干了吧。

Even at your age, just in case something happens in future, as you can only buy back a certain amount, you can only buy back six years, I would be tempted to go, you know what?

才五十镑而已。

It's £50.

我干脆买了，就当图个万一，以后说不定用得上。

I'm just gonna do it just on the off chance that I might need it at some point in the future.

但要是得花将近九百五十镑买一整年，那我觉得真不值当。

But if you're having to pay the full $9.50 for it, I'd probably be thinking it wasn't worth it.

以前我大讲特讲怎么补缴国民保险时，主要都是给快六十岁的人分析，因为那时候才真能看清楚未来会怎样。

Now, when I was doing my big explanations on buying back National Insurance shares when you could buy a lot back, you could only really strongly do the analysis to people who were basically got to around their sixties.

人到六十左右，对自己以后的生活大概是个啥情况，心里就有谱了。

Because once you're around your 60s, you have a pretty firm idea of what's going to happen to you.

你才36岁就考虑这个，太早了吧。

You are so young at 36 for doing this.

你这钱很可能白花，风险挺大的。

There are a lot of risks that you're just gonna be buying money, throwing stuff away.

等你老了，国家养老金说不定会改成收入审查制，这谁也说不准。

There are big risks for you that the state pension might become means tested once you're older, we don't know that.

我觉得短期内还不太可能。

I mean, I don't think that's gonna happen imminently.

现在退休的人应该不会受影响，但你可是要三十年后才退休呢。

I don't think it's gonna happen for people who are retiring now, but you're talking about retiring in thirty to thirty five years.

三十年后英国的养老金政策会变成什么样，谁能说得准？

And who knows what will be happening in The UK to state pensioners in thirty to thirty five years.

所以现在下手，风险真的不小。

So there are a lot of risks in this in doing it now.

如果你想拿满额养老金，我一般不建议你这么做——除非能以极低的价格买到一年，那倒不如顺手买下，就当是个保险，万一将来哪年没工作，也能补上，这钱花得值。

If you're on to get the full state pension, I probably wouldn't be doing it other than if you can get a year really cheaply so that, you know, it's be a money type costs where you may as well do it just as a safety net in case there's a year that you don't work in the future and you wouldn't be able to get, and this would be a really cheap way to buy it.

希望我说清楚了。

I hope that makes sense.

你真得再去多看看相关资料。

You do need to go and do a little bit more reading.

如果你已经在考虑按年购买，那得好好想想——政府有个系统，你得先打电话去咨询，确认这对你是不是真合适，再决定买不买。

If you are thinking, if you've gone in the frame of saying, actually, I think I will do by year, then you need to do some thinking and there's a government system where you need to call and get some advice first on whether it's right or wrong for you before you buy it.

我们现在只是在讨论要不要关注这件事，还没到该不该动手做的阶段。

So we're only on the first step of whether you should look at it, not whether you should actually do it at this point.

明白。

Right.

接下来，有请伯纳德·梅斯奎尔先生。

And now, Mr.

伯纳德·梅斯奎尔。

Bernard Mesquire.

是的，马丁·刘易斯。

Yes, Martin Lewis.

这里有个关键点，我们要公布为贡献者选定的两个名字。

This is the important point where we reveal what our selection of the two potential names for contributors.

所谓贡献者，就是那些你的问题被念出来的人，或者参加《问答时间》播客的来电者，又或者是提供了我们使用的信息的人。

A contributor is being defined as anyone whose question is read out or any callers who come on to the Question Time podcast or anyone who gives information that we use.

不管我们怎么称呼你，你都可以在播客的体系内——当然不是法律上——合法地把这个名字加在你名字后面。

You will then get to use this name, whatever we call you, you will be able to perfectly legally, within the canon of the podcast and not within the actual law, perfectly legally use this after your name.

如果你是来电者，还会拿到一枚徽章。

And if you are a caller, you're going to get a badge.

是这样吗？

Is that right?

对。

Yes.

我其实还没怎么见过，就那么几枚。

I haven't seen actually, Just so much.

所以我自作主张设计了这些徽章，得说一句，我做得简直太棒了。

So I took the liberty of designing the badges myself, and I wanna say that I've done a fantastic fantastic job.

你觉得怎么样？

So what do you think?

当然是我啦，戴着米老鼠风格的耳机。

It's yes.

我就是那个，你选了两个选项里的一个，不过当然也可能

It's definitely me with Mickey Mouse ish headphones on and I am a, and you've gone for one of the two options, but of course that could

对。

Yes.

那只是个样稿。

So that was just the the mock up.

我们有BBC的预算给来电者寄徽章吗？

And have we got budget from the BBC to send badges to our callers?

有。

We do.

我已经得到主编的批准了。

I've had the green light from the editor.

因为汤姆说了

Because Tom said

对。

yes.

汤姆同意了。

Tom said yes.

干得漂亮，马特。

Well done, Matt.

太棒了。

Thank Wow.

这太让人兴奋了。

This is exciting.

不过我们现在只是在明确一下规则。

But we're just we're just clarifying the rules now.

这仅限于来电者。

This is only for callers.

所以啊，如果你上线来跟我们交流，提出你的问题或者分享你的成功经历，就能拿到一个徽章。

So, yeah, if you come on and we speak to you and you ask your question or your you say your success to us, then you can have a badge.

如果我们只是念一下你的问题，那你就可以自称是这类人之一。

If you if we just read out your question, then you can call yourself one of these.

选其中一个就行。

Whichever one of two of

你说了算。

you decide.

不管你选哪个，都不会有徽章

Whatever you decide, but you won't get a badge

荣誉徽章。

of honor.

各位听众注意了，这可是拿过索尼奖的顶级制作水准。

Now this, for those listening, this is Sony award winning gold standard producing here.

谢谢。

Thank

你。

you.

因为伯纳德·米斯凯尔先生的工作就是想办法请人来参加我们的播客通话。

Because what mister Bernard Misquire has done is he's the person who has to get people to come on and do the calls on the podcast.

有意思的是，在我负责的板块里，通常挺难的，因为打电话来的大多数人都是来倾诉问题的。

Now what's interesting is actually in my subject, it's often quite difficult because many people who call, say, in the main podcast, it's about problems that they have.

但在这档节目里，情况反而容易些，因为来的人大多对理财特别感兴趣，聊的也多是正面的事儿，他们更愿意分享这些，就像今天咱们请来的几位特别棒的听众。

We actually tend to find it easier in this podcast as many of the people are quite into their finances, and it tends to be about positive rather than negative things, which they're more happy to talk about, like our brilliant callers today that we've had in.

不过话说回来，马特，这至少给你提供了一点激励——只要上节目，就能拿个徽章。

But still, Matt, this is giving you this is giving you a little bit of something that you can say, you get a badge if you come on.

没错。

Exactly.

你就是从这儿开始的。

That's where you've come from.

没错。

Exactly.

你做这一切就是为了这个。

That's what you've done this for.

他们看到自己的徽章时，咱们先别急着剧透，别提前揭晓徽章长什么样。

And they see their badge, they might not be as are we going to just sorry for going in this before we reveal, before we do the big reveal.

我们要不要给大家看看这个徽章长什么样？

Are we going to show anybody what the badge looks like?

还是说，只有拿到徽章的人才能知道上面印的是什么？

Or is it only for people who get the badge who will actually get to know what's on the badge?

这倒是个挺有意思的选择。

I This is an interesting decision.

我觉得你别告诉任何人。

I think you should not tell anyone.

咱们谁都不给看。

We don't show anyone.

只有当你上节目、提问了，才会收到徽章，那时候你才知道上面写的是啥。

And you only find out if you come on and ask the questions, and we'll send you the badge.

因为

Because

就说BBC负责邮费和所有事儿了。

just saying the BBC's gonna do the postage and everything.

对。

Yes.

大家不用专程跑来伦敦取徽章。

People don't have to come to London to pick the badge up.

不用。

No.

不用。

No.

不用。

No.

会直接寄到你手上。

It'll get sent to you.

但用二等邮票就行。

But Second second class stamp is fine.

二等的。

Second.

我现在正看着徽章呢，真让我印象深刻，我为自己感到骄傲。

I'm looking at the badge now on my I'm very impressed, I'm proud of myself.

你和我都能拿到徽章吗？

Do you and I get a badge?

当然能啦。

Yeah, of course.

Rosie也能拿到吗？

Does Rosie get a badge?

那得看她那天对我好不好了。

It depends how nice she is to me that day.

哦，她刚闹脾气了，嘟着嘴，明显不高兴。

Oh, she's just pulled out, she's just on pouty lips, she's not happy.

Rosie能拿徽章，我女儿可能也需要一个。

Rosie gets a badge, and I might need a badge for my daughter.

Sally也要一个。

And Sally as well.

Sally也得拿徽章，Sally肯定有徽章。

And Sally gets a badge too, Sally gets a badge.

Simon能拿徽章吗？

Does Simon get a badge?

你和Simon的事儿我可不插手，尤其是马上要爆的那个大料。

I'm not getting involved between you and Simon, especially on the mass reveal that's about to happen.

对了，后期剪辑的时候，给这个大揭秘加个鼓点音效。

So mass reveal, in editing afterwards, please add a drum roll.

谢谢。

Thank you.

所以这个节目给贡献者的两个备选名字，第一个是播客制作人和Simon提的，但特别惹恼了制作人Matt。

So the two potential names for contributors on the show are, First of all, suggested by podcast producer and Simon, which really annoys podcast producer Matt.

马特·西蒙，他是主播节目的制作人，MPC——马丁播客贡献者，不过这名字跟英格兰银行的货币政策委员会重名了，那可是决定利率的机构。

Matt Simon, who produces the main podcast, MPC, Martin's Podcast Contributor, which is also the monetary policy committee of the Bank of England to decide interest rates.

所以啊

That's why

你才这么喜欢这名字。

you like it so much.

这招金融玩梗真够巧妙的。

That's the clever financial spin.

没错。

Yep.

另一个名字，你记得是谁提的吗？

The other one, and can you remind me who suggested it?

记得。

Yes.

这个是史蒂夫提的。

So this was from Steve.