比特币技术 #2 - 节点（上篇）与Shinobi一起探讨 - WBD315

你现在可能信任我，但十年后呢？你明白我的意思吗？

Like, you you might trust me now, but ten years from now like, you see what I mean?

如果这个系统真能成功，它将会变得非常庞大，但如果没人进行验证，它就无法运作。

Like, this is going to grow so big if this actually works that it's not gonna work if everybody isn't verifying anything.

因为这样每个人都可以开始滥用系统。

Because it's the every everybody can just start abusing things.

每个人的动机都会变得不协调。

Everybody's incentives get misaligned.

他们变成了特殊群体，其他人只能盲目相信他们说一切正常。

They're become the special people that everybody else just has to trust when they say everything's going fine.

在我看来，这不是一个稳定的系统。

Like, that's not a stable system in my mind.

是啊。

Yeah.

感觉激励机制更偏向于支持网络，我应该支持它因为我也参与其中。

It feels like the incentive is a bit more on the support in the network, and I should support it because I've got skin in the game.

我持有比特币。

I hold Bitcoin.

我想成为确保网络诚实运作的一员。

I I want to be one of the people that ensures the network is honest, that ensures the network is working.

这确实比单笔交易诈骗我的风险更让人在意。

It does feel more that than the risk of individual transactions scamming me.

嗯，我是说，这就是问题所在。

Well, I mean, this is kind of the the thing, though.

比如，你做了这个假设。

Like, you make that assumption.

那当假设错误时会发生什么？

And then what happens when it's wrong?

当不仅是你被针对时会发生什么？

What happens when, you know, not even just you are targeted?

比如某个在比特币网络上挥霍数十亿的富豪被盯上，而你也无辜牵连其中。

Like, some rich dude who's throwing billions of dollars around on the Bitcoin network is targeted, and you just get caught up in that.

确实。

True.

你只是运气不好，因为你的交易碰巧和那个有钱人的交易在同一个区块里。

You're you're just the casualty because your transaction happened to be in the block that rich guy's transaction was in.

是啊。

Yeah.

明白了。

I see.

我懂了。

I see.

我是说，我已经听腻了。

I mean, I'm bored in.

对吧？

Right?

我理解了。

I get it.

所以我接下来总是纠结的问题是，我要把我所有尴尬的问题都抛出来。

So the next thing I always struggled with like, I'm gonna bring out all my embarrassing questions.

但是，比如，你怎么向别人解释什么是节点，实际上你解释的是它的功能。

But, like, how do you explain to somebody you've explained what a node is, but really, you've explained what it does.

如果有人自己说，对。

If somebody themselves says, right.

好的。

Okay.

我加入。

I'm in.

我想运行一个节点。

I wanna have a node.

它到底是什么？

What actually is it?

他们在创造什么？

What are they creating?

因为看起来有很多选择。

Because there there seems so many options.

因为我刚入门时，有人说你需要买个树莓派，又有人说直接下载比特币核心就行。

Because when I first got in, some people were like, well, you need to get a Raspberry Pi, and then other people were like, oh, you just download Bitcoin Core.

从功能上讲，解释一下节点是什么。

So functionally, explain explain what a node is.

它本质上就是一个维护网络所有事件数据库的程序。

It's literally just a program that maintains that database of everything that's happened on the network.

好的。

Okay.

当你发送比特币交易时，实际上是把交易发送给一个节点，节点会说好的。

It it will take like, when when you go send your Bitcoin transaction, what you're doing is sending it to a node that goes, okay.

有人想执行这个操作，然后节点会把信息发送给其他所有节点。

Somebody wants to do this, and it sends that to all the other nodes.

最终矿工会把它打包进一个区块。

And then eventually, a miner puts it in a block.

同理。

And the same thing.

人们传播这个区块，然后所有节点都会验证所有内容。

People pass that block around, and then all the nodes validate everything.

这个区块没问题。

This block is okay.

它的工作量证明是有效的。

Its proof of work is valid.

区块内的所有内容都是有效的。

Everything inside the block is valid.

然后他们将其添加到银行数据库中。

And then they add that to the bank database.

所以实际上就是这个程序在做这件事。

And so it's literally just this program that does this.

现在要讲一个非常重要的部分，特别是对新用户来说，我想重点强调运行节点的各种选项和不同方式，思考你信任的对象至关重要。

And now a really important part, especially for new people, I want to drive home as far as all the options and different ways you can run a node, that is really important to think about who you're trusting.

比如，如果你只是下载比特币核心钱包，再下载另一个钱包并连接到比特币核心，那么你信任的只是比特币核心开发者和那个钱包的开发者。

Like, if you just download Bitcoin Core and you just download some other wallet and hook it up to Bitcoin Core, all you're trusting is the Bitcoin Core developers and the developers of that wallet.

但之后，你知道的，你可能会尝试各种操作。

But then, you know, you're playing around.

你可能会尝试像Umbral这样的东西，它就像一整个操作系统。

You're trying to with things like Umbral, which is like a whole operating system.

你只需插入树莓派，它就会为你完成所有节点操作。

You just plug into the Raspberry Pi, and it does all the node stuff for you.

这时你不仅信任比特币核心开发者，还信任Umbral的开发者。

You're not only trusting the Bitcoin Core developers, you're trusting the Umbral developers.

你还信任Umbral在比特币核心之上添加的任何其他钱包或软件的开发者。

You're trusting the developers of any other wallet or software that Umbral adds on top of Bitcoin Core.

所以，你知道，某种程度上你需要自己处理附加组件，这可能会带来很多问题。

And so, you know, you kind of look at just the the attach things yourself and have a lot of problems with that.

很多非技术人员都会遇到这种情况。

A lot of nontechnical people do.

这对他们来说可能在技术上更具挑战性。

That might be more technically challenging for them.

但你信任的人群范围会小得多。

But you trust way fewer groups of people.

另一方面，像Umbral这样的东西可能非常简单。

And on the flip side, things like Umbral might be very easy.

你只需要把它插进去然后按下按钮，但需要信任一个更大的群体和项目，你知道，这东西确实如其所说，没有猫腻。

You literally just push it in and hit the button, but there's a requirement to trust a larger group of people and projects that, you know, this does what it says it does, and there's nothing funny going on here.

有意思。

Interesting.

是啊。

Yeah.

因为我...我是说，我参加过一个会议。

Because I I mean, I was at a conference.

嗯，我记得是Tom Vey的会议，有人说这就是为什么代码开源很重要，你可以审查它。

Well, I think it Tom Vey's conference, and somebody said, well, you you this is why it's important the code is open source, you can review it.

我当时就想，你以为我会去审查代码然后就能明白里面有什么？

And I was like, you think I'm gonna review the code and I'm gonna know what's going on there?

所以你是在说我需要信任的多层东西。

So you are talking about multiple layers of things I need to trust.

我选择Umbra的唯一原因是我信任的很多人都已经评价过它了。

The only reason I went with Umbra is because so many people I do already trust had already rated it.

我是说，有没有...我想问，有没有地方可以查到代码是否被审查和检查过，比如像你这样的人审查过并确认过，或者技术人员说没问题。

I mean, are there I guess I would ask, are are there places that you can find out if the code has been reviewed and checked and like, peep like, people like you have reviewed it and checked it or, you know, techies and said, yeah.

这个没问题。

This is fine.

这里头没有猫腻。

There's nothing no funny business here.

我完全想不起名字了，但有个前钱包开发者维护了一个网站，记录代码的审计情况和可验证性，对比人们下载的版本。

I am completely blanking on the name of it, but, a former wallet developer maintains kind of a website of, like, how audited and, like, verifiable the code versus what people download is.

我现在完全想不起名字了。

I'm completely blanking on the name right now.

听着，

Well, listen.

不过确实。

But Yeah.

至少还有那个项目。

There is at least that one project.

好吧，我会在节目结束后试着把它找出来。

Well, if we I'll try and dig it out after the show.

我们会把它放在节目备注里让大家知道。

We'll stick in the show notes so people know.

好的。

Okay.

所以听着。

So listen.

我当时正在浏览Castle网站，因为我曾经拥有他们的一个节点。

And and I was looking on the Castle website because I had one of their nodes at one point.

我摆弄了那个东西好一阵子。

I played around with that that for a while.

但我看到他们运行节点的理由写着'让比特币网络更健壮'。

But But I was looking at their reasons for running a node, and they said making the Bitcoin network more robust.

我觉得这点很重要需要讨论，因为当我们说'你下载了一份账本'时，还应该提到节点在接收区块时的其他功能——它如何保持网络的诚实性。

I think that's an important thing to talk about here because whilst we're talking about you download a copy of the ledger, We should probably also mention what else the node does when it accepts blocks, the way the way it keeps the network honest.

你想聊聊共识机制和这里面的原理吗？

Do you wanna talk about consensus and what happens here?

是的。

Yeah.

所以这基本上就是关于允许哪些操作的规则。

So that's pretty much just the rules of what's allowed.

首先，显而易见的是挖矿。

First and foremost, obviously, mining.

关键在于你需要消耗大量能源来寻找这个带有多个前导零的哈希值。

The the whole thing is you have to burn energy to find this hash with so many leading zeros.

所以如果一个区块没有足够的零前缀，节点会立即忽略它。

So if a block comes in that doesn't have enough of those, the node immediately ignores it.

就像，这个区块我甚至都不用看里面内容。

Like, this is I don't even have to look inside this block.

比如，噗的一声。

Like, poof.

赶紧走开。

Get out of here.

然后更深层次的是，实际上如果通过了验证，你的节点就会开始检查区块内容。

And then, you know, the deeper side of that, like, actually, if that passes, that's valid, and then your node starts looking at the contents of the block.

这类共识规则就是规定什么是允许的，什么是不允许的。

Like, those kinds of consensus rules are, like, just what is allowed and what is not allowed.

比如我用自己持有私钥的币来签署交易，这是允许的。

Like, me taking a coin that I have the private key to and signing that transaction, that's allowed.

但如果我动用那个币却没有正确的有效签名，那就不被允许。

But me taking that coin and not having a valid signature for the right key, that's not allowed.

如果区块里有这样的交易，直接否决。

If if there's a transaction like that in the block, nope.

把这个区块踢出去。

Get that block out of here.

它是无效的。

It's invalid.

还有更复杂的东西，比如时间锁。

And there's also, like, you know, more complicated things like, time locks.

比如，你知道，我可以锁定一枚代币，这样在一年内都无法移动它。

Like, you know, I can lock a coin so that I can't move it until a year has passed.

所以任何这样被锁定且试图提前移动的代币，都不行。

So any coin locked like that that's trying to move too early, nope.

不允许这样做。

Not allowed.

把这个区块踢出去。

Get that block out of here.

而且，在最基础的层面上，这就是共识规则的作用。

And, like, just that the simplest simplest level, that's what the consensus rules are.

它只是规定了资金流动中什么是允许的，什么是不允许的。

It's just like what is allowed and what is not allowed in terms of moving money around.

那么是什么阻止了有人创建一个违反其中几条规则的恶意节点呢？

So what stops somebody creating a rogue node which bends a couple of those rules?

那种情况下会发生什么？

What would happen in that scenario?

嗯，我启动了我的节点。

Well, I spin up my node.

我宣布原本允许的事情现在不被允许了。

I say that stuff that is allowed is not allowed anymore.

当有人那么做时，我的节点会判定那个区块无效。

And when somebody does that, my node says that block is invalid.

再也不会有人给它提供有效区块了，因为只有我做了这件蠢事。

No one will ever give it a block ever again that's valid because I'm the only one who did this stupid thing.

那个节点将永远卡在那个区块上，而网络其他部分继续前进，这根本无关紧要。

And that node will just stay frozen at that block forever while the rest of the network keeps marching on, and it just won't matter.

因为这只是个改了自身代码的怪人，其他人根本不在乎。

Because it's one goofball who changed their own code, and nobody else cares.

比如说，我们

Like, we

我们就这么继续下去了

we just kept going on.

那么本质上，每个人都必须遵守相同的规则，任何试图破坏规则的人几乎都会被踢出网络？

So, essentially, everyone has to keep to the same rules, and anyone who tries to break them is almost ejected from the network?

没错

Exactly.

是的

Yeah.

好的

Okay.

接下来Castle讨论的是保护你在比特币上的投资，不过我们已经讲过了

The next thing Castle talks about is protecting your investment in Bitcoin, but we've covered that.

他们最后讨论的是最强隐私保护方案

The last thing they talk about is strongest privacy available.

上个月的节目里我们讨论UTXO时已经谈过一些隐私问题了

Now we talked a bit about privacy in last month's show when we talked about UTXOs.

为什么运行节点能提升隐私性？

Why does running a node improve your privacy?

嗯，这就要说到隐私问题的另一面了

Well, here's the other side of that privacy issue.

就像上期节目，我们只是泛泛讨论了区块链上公开可见的内容

Like last episode, we were only kind of talking about what everybody can see on the blockchain.

但要想确认你在区块链上确实有钱，你得找个有区块链副本的人问：'喂'

But in order to know you actually have money on the blockchain, you have to go to somebody with a copy of the blockchain and go, hey.

我的钱还在吗？

Does my money exist?

如果你自己没有运行节点检查，那基本上就等于上网告诉别人你的IP地址，然后说：嘿，

And if you aren't running that yourself, if you're not checking your own node, then you're pretty much going to the Internet, telling somebody your IP address, and going, hey.

这些是这个IP地址拥有的所有比特币，或者这个IP地址上某人拥有的。

These are all the Bitcoins this IP address owns or somebody on this IP address owns.

而且你不需要在链上放任何东西，也不会在隐私管理UTXO时搞砸任何事。

And that you don't have to put anything on chain or screw up anything privacy wise managing UTXOs on chain to do this.

就像，你只需要知道我的钱是否存在。

Like, you you just, I need to know if my money exists.

所以你去告诉这个人关于你的钱的情况。

So you go tell this guy about your money.

嗯。

Mhmm.

然后他会告诉你钱是否存在。

And he tells you whether it exists or not.

现在这个人就知道所有这些钱属于某个人，并且他们会有类似IP地址的信息。

And so now that guy knows all of this money belongs to some person, and they'll have something like an IP address.

现在这两件事就关联起来了。

And now these two things are tied together.

就像当你去区块浏览器时，假设你在等待一笔入账交易，你会去区块浏览器然后

Like, when you go to a Block Explorer, say you're waiting for an incoming transaction, you go to the Block Explorer and

没错。

Exactly.

输入查询。

Put it in.

它会帮你保存记录——这事我可能做过无数次了。

It saves you which I've probably done a whole bunch of times.

这真的很有意思。

That's really interesting.

好的。

Okay.

这可能是人们在这个领域无意中破坏自己隐私最常见的方式之一。

That that is probably one of the most common ways people screw up their privacy in this space without even realizing it.

他们只是去区块浏览器里输入自己的地址。

They just go to a Block Explorer and put their own addresses in there.

特别是如果有人正在追踪收集这类信息，他们就能发现规律。

And especially if anybody were to be tracking and collecting this type of information, like, they'll be able to see patterns.

比如，'哦，这家伙只对这些链上关联的代币感兴趣'。

Like, oh, this guy is only interested in these coins that are tied together on chain.

他从来不看随机的内容。

He's never just looking at random stuff.

所以如果有人想这么做，区块浏览器完全可以建立庞大的元数据库，推测谁可能拥有什么资产——就像你可以通过数据挖掘分析比特币用户的行为，如果他们真想做的话。

And so if somebody wanted to, block explorers could build massive, like, metadata databases about who could own what, like how much different peep like, you could just data mine Bitcoin users, if they really wanted to.

没错。

Right.

好的。

Okay.

你知道吗？

Do you know what?

我脑子里已经在构思我们未来要做的节目了。

It's like in my head, I'm already thinking of a show we're gonna have do in the future.

就像是皮特重新开始，我们从头彻底重建我的隐私模型。

It's almost like Pete starts again, and we rebuild my entire privacy model from from scratch.

我们肯定得研究这个问题。

We're definitely gonna have to look at that.

明白了。

Alright.

我有几个技术性问题想问。

So couple of questions I've got, just technical ones.

矿工同时也是节点吗？

Are miners also nodes?

不是。

No.

单纯运行挖矿硬件的人并不意味着他们就是节点，但你需要一个节点来运行这些硬件，并生成可能被接受为有效的区块。

The just people just running the actual mining hardware does not mean they're a node, but you do require a node in order to run that hardware and actually be making blocks that could be accepted as valid.

这很合理。

Which makes sense.

接下来，我和Shinobi聊了更多关于节点的事。

Next up, I talked to Shinobi more about nodes.

不过在那之前，我要插播一条来自节目赞助商的精彩消息。

But before that, I've got a message from my amazing show sponsors.

好的。

Okay.

BlockFi。

BlockFi.

我已经跟你们说过一阵子了。

Now I've been telling you for a while.

就在圣诞节前他们宣布了Visa奖励信用卡即将在今年初推出的消息。

I think it was just before Christmas they announced the launch of their Visa rewards credit card that's gonna be coming early this year.

对此我感到非常非常兴奋。

Very, very excited about that.

现在他们刚刚宣布公开候补名单已经开放。

Well, they have just announced that the public waitlist is open.

所以无论是否是BlockFi客户，现在都有资格加入候补名单了。

So anyone, regardless of whether they're a BlockFi customer or not, is now eligible to join the waiting list.

我对这张卡感到非常兴奋。

I'm very excited about this card.

我对所有信用卡消费都能累积SAT积分的想法感到非常兴奋，累积SAT积分真是太棒了。

I'm very excited about the idea that on all my card purchases that I can stack SATs, very cool where stacking SATs.

对吧？

Right?

持卡人可在所有消费中获得市场领先的1.5%奖励率。

Card users will be able to earn a market leading 1.5% rewards rate on all their purchases.

如果你还没注册，快去注册吧。

If you're not registered, go register.

去了解更多详情。

Go and find out more.

如果你也有兴趣了解BlockFi，他们提供利息账户服务，并支持用比特币抵押贷款。

If you are interested in checking BlockFi out as well, they do offer interest accounts, and they do offer loans against your Bitcoin.

我建议你先自行调研，然后访问blockfi.com（即bl0ckfi.com）。

I do recommend you do your own research, and then head over to blockfi.com, which is bl0ckfi.com.

另外，来聊聊我的最新赞助商Ledger。

Also, let's talk about my newest sponsor, Ledger.

Ledger是我使用的第一款硬件钱包。

Now Ledger was the very first hardware wallet I ever used.

四年前我买了Nano款，至今仍在用同一台设备。

I bought a Nano about four years ago, and I'm still using that same device now.

真的很了不起。

Amazing, really.

我一直喜欢Ledger设备的原因是它非常易用，不仅是设备本身，配套应用也是。

Now the reason I always liked my Ledger device is that it was always so easy to use, not just the device itself, but the app.

首先，我们有浏览器版应用。

Firstly, we have the app in the browser.

现在他们已升级到Ledger Live。

Now they've upgraded to Ledger Live.

它使用起来非常简单，对于那些想尝试硬件钱包的人来说，这确实是非常重要的第一步。

It's just so easy to use, and that's a really important first step for some people who wanted to get into hardware wallets.

就是拥有这种易用性。

It's just having that ease of use.

而且，通过Ledger Nano s，你现在可以将其连接到安卓手机，随时随地管理你的比特币，这非常酷。

And also, with the Ledger Nano s, you can now connect that to your Android phone so you can manage your Bitcoin on the go, which is very cool.

如果你想了解更多信息，请访问ledger.com。

Now if you wanna find out more about this, head over to ledger.com.

网址是ledger.com。

That is ledger.com.

最后，今天同样重要的是，我要介绍我的合作伙伴Kraken。

Lastly, today, it's never least, my friends over at Kraken.

这是我最喜欢的比特币买卖平台，也是我唯一使用的比特币交易平台。

My favorite place for buying and selling Bitcoin, and the only place I use for buying and selling Bitcoin.

Kraken一直被评为最佳且最安全的加密货币交易所，正如你所知，安全性对我至关重要。

Kraken is consistently rated the best and most secure crypto exchange, and as you know, security is really important to me.

他们还提供出色的客户服务。

They also have amazing customer service.

所以无论你遇到什么问题，无论你是谁，身在何处，只要联系Kraken，他们都会为你解决。

So if you've got an issue, whatever it is, whoever you are, wherever you are, if you reach out to Kraken, they're gonna get that fixed for you.

无论你的经验水平如何，注册并开始交易比特币都再简单不过了。

And whatever your level of experience, it could not be easier to sign up and start trading Bitcoin.

只需访问kraken.com注册，他们还拥有精美的移动优先应用，让你可以随时购买比特币。

Just head over to kraken.com to register, and also they have a beautiful mobile first app, so you can buy Bitcoin on the go.

他们还提供保证金交易、期货和场外交易服务。

They've also got margin trading, futures, and an OTC desk.

Kraken为您提供所有可能的交易选项。

So Kraken has every trading option possible for you.

没有比这里更适合交易比特币的地方了。

There is no better place to trade Bitcoin.

您可以在kraken.com了解更多或下载应用程序。

You can find out more at kraken.com or download the app.

该应用支持iPhone和安卓设备。

It's available for the iPhone and Android.

只需搜索Kraken Pro，拼写是k r a k e n p r o。

Just search for Kraken Pro, which is k r a k e n p r o.

我认为通过一个小案例研究来说明节点的重要性，并谈谈UASF事件会很有帮助。

So I think it might be useful just to have a little case study just to tell people the importance of nodes and talk about what happened with UASF.

提醒一下，对于不了解情况的听众——毕竟可能有人是新接触的——四年前，其实整件事在那之前很久就开始了。

So just as a reminder, for anyone listening who doesn't know, because, again, some people might be new, but four years ago well, I mean, the whole thing started way before then.

但就说是四年前吧，区块大小之争达到顶峰时，出现了一派人想分叉比特币并扩大区块容量，而另一派人则反对这个提议。

But let's say four years ago, the the peak of the block of the block size wars, we had a situation whereby a group of people wanted to fork Bitcoin and increase the block size, and a group of another group of people didn't agree with that.

你能用最简单的语言说说当时发生了什么吗？以及为什么节点在其中至关重要？

Do you wanna talk about what happened in terms of the simplest version of that story you can tell and why the nodes were important?

就像你之前说的，比特币运作的关键在于每个人都运行自己的节点，但我们都遵循相同的规则。

So, you know, like like you said earlier, like, the the key thing that makes Bitcoin work is everybody's running their own node, but we're all using the same rules.

对所有运行节点的用户来说，一个节点认为无效的区块，其他所有节点也应该认为无效。

So for everybody running a node, a block that is invalid to one node should be invalid to every other node.

有效区块也是同样的道理。

And the same thing with a valid block.

如果一个节点认定某个区块有效，那么其他所有节点也都应该接受它为有效。

Like, if one node says this block is valid, this should be accepted as valid by every other node.

最简单的解释（不刻意区分好坏方）就是：这派人想运行不同的规则，使得其他所有节点都判定无效的内容，在他们这里却变成有效。

And the whole kind of simplest explanation without trying to make good guys and bad guys out of it is that, you know, this group of people wanted to run different rules where something that everyone else's node could come in and everyone else would say is invalid, but to them, it would be valid.

所以当你真正开始思考这种动态，以及如果那样分裂会发生什么时，那么说真的，为什么那种分裂会持续存在？

And so when you really start to think about that dynamic and what happens if that does split like that, then, really, why does that split stay like that?

因为从事经济活动的人会选择某个节点版本，并且只有当该节点确认时，他们才会认为经济互动中的支付是有效的。

Because somebody who is doing economic activity is picking one version of a node or another and only considering themselves validly paid for an economic interaction if that node says they are.

所以这有点像，仔细想想。

And so it's it's kind of the like, think about it.

就像，每一次经济互动都是钱往一个方向流动，而商品或服务等则往另一个方向流动。

Like, every economic interaction is money goes one way, and then a good or service or whatever goes the other way.

所以你的节点就是告诉你‘钱已到账，现在该给对方商品或服务’的那个东西。

So your node is the thing that tells you, yes, the money came your way, so give the person the good or the service or whatever.

因此，经济行为者所依赖的、用于判断‘我已收到付款，可以交付商品’的节点，正是赋予区块链价值的关键。

And so whatever node an economic actor is looking at to decide I got paid, give them what they paid for, like, that is what kind of gives that blockchain value.

你明白我的意思吗？

You know what I mean?

而这，就是整个核心所在。

And, like, that's the whole core of it.

除非我的节点显示已收到付款，否则我不会提供更好的服务。

I will not give you a gooder service unless my node says I got paid for it.

所以这整个动态就是——这才是重点。

And so that whole dynamic is like, this is the important part here.

当你实际用比特币进行商业活动时，节点及其对交易有效性的判定才是最重要的。

Nodes and what they say are valid or not are the most important thing when you're actually engaging in commerce with Bitcoin.

就是这样。

Like, that's that's it.

这就是铁律。

That is the law.

而这条铁律可能因你交互的对象不同而变化。

And that law can vary depending on who you're interacting with.

就我们所处的比特币网络而言，它不会分裂，因为我们都在同一个网络上，但理论上是有可能的。

Like, far as the Bitcoin network we're on, it won't because we're all on the same network, but it could.

当时发生的情况大致是，网络上大部分经济活动基本上都处于停滞状态。

And so pretty much what happened there was most of the economic activity on the network was kind of just like, no.

我们不会改变规则来允许更大的区块。

We are not going to change our rules to let blocks be bigger.

他们之所以胜出，只是因为拥有更多经济活动和更多愿意追随的人。

And they won because it was just more economic activity, more people who were willing to go.

如果有人通过这些无效的大区块给我转账，抱歉。

If I get money sent to me in one of these big invalid blocks, no.

我不接受。

I'm sorry.

这笔钱我不会认账。

I didn't get paid.

我不会把你的东西给你。

I'm not giving you your thing.

有意思。

Interesting.

所以当有变化时，我就要跑题了。

So when there are changes I'm going to go off a tangent here.

我今天在和某人讨论Taproot激活的事。

I was talking to somebody about Taproot activation today.

我记得，是的，我知道。

And I remember yeah, I know.

目前这是个敏感话题。

Spicy subject at the moment.

但之前，我听说过次要信号的事。

But previously, I've heard about minor signalling.

一般来说，那到底是什么？

And that generally speaking what is it?

你真正需要多少比例的矿工发出信号才能改变规则？

What percentage of minors do you really need to be signalling to have a change to the rules?

之前用的是95%，但我觉得至少大多数Taproot提案是85%或90%，具体取决于你讨论的是谁的提案。

Well, previously, 95% was used, but I think at least most of the the proposals for Taproot are, like, 85 or 90%, depending on whose proposal you're talking about.

所以

So

矿工创建区块，节点验证它们。

miners create the blocks, the nodes validate them.

希望我目前的理解是正确的。

I hope I'm right so far.

如果要对规则进行修改，你需要一定数量的矿工发出信号，表明他们将创建这些新型区块。

And if there's a proposed change to the rules, you need a certain amount of miners to signal they're going to create these new types of blocks.

但你还需要节点接受它们。

But you also need the no's to accept them.

所以你某种程度上两者都需要。

So you kind of need both.

其实不需要。

Well, no.

真的不需要吗？

Actually No?

这是错误的。

That's incorrect.

我认为这是关于比特币升级最容易被误解的事情之一。

And he he here's the thing I think that is one of the most misunderstood things about upgrading Bitcoin.

你并不需要矿工发出信号。

You do not need miners signaling.

你不需要。

You don't.

就像，这直接写在规则里。

Like, that is straight in the books.

要求。

Requirement.

不。

No.

一开始你甚至不需要那个。

You don't even need that at first.

但矿工的信号并不是投票。

But, like, the minors signaling is not a vote.

这不是必需的东西。

It's not a needed thing.

这主要是为了方便和安全考虑。

It's a thing that is mostly about convenience and safety.

好的。

Okay.

就像我说的，每个人都必须执行相同的规则。

Because like I said, everybody has to be enforcing the same rules.

而且如果我们要修改规则，所有人都需要同时修改。

And everybody, if we're going to change them, needs to change them at the same time.

使用矿工信号更多是出于便利和安全考量，这样我们能知道有多少矿工至少声称他们在执行这些规则，并且不会制造违反规则的区块。

And it's kind of just been a convenience and a safety factor that we use miner signaling, to know that this many miners are claiming at least that they are enforcing these rules, and they will not make blocks that validate them.

这样一来，想立即升级的人可以升级，而其他人也可以更安全地慢慢升级，因为如果我们相信没人说谎的话，大多数矿工不会搞什么小动作。

That way, everybody who wants to upgrade right away can upgrade, and it's, it's safer for people to take their time upgrading because we've kind of established if we trust nobody's lying here, most miners won't do anything funny.

所以人们可以慢慢来，这样是安全的。

And so people can take their time, and it'll be safe.

没错。

Right.

但你也可以完全反其道而行——如果所有人都确信我们会在同一时间启用新规则，我们就可以直接执行。

But you can also do the exact opposite where if everybody is certain that we're all gonna turn the rules on at the same time, we can just do it.

而且我们不需要矿工先发出信号或采取行动。

And we don't need the miners to signal or do it first.

如果矿工无意或有意违反这些规则，其他人只需认定该区块无效即可。

And if miners start breaking those rules on accident or on purpose or whatever, then everybody else just says that's an invalid block.

那名矿工将无法获得该区块的奖励，只能自行追赶进度。

And that miner doesn't get paid for that block, and so they would just have to catch up.

对。

Right.

确实存在这种可能性，我们会讨论这个问题。

So there is a small and we'll cover that.

关于硬分叉和软分叉，我想我们改天再详谈。

We'll I think we'll cover hard forks and soft forks another time.

但我认为如果不事先发出信号，确实存在部分矿工分裂并引发硬分叉的风险。

But I guess there is a risk without signaling that some miners split off and and create a hard fork.

是的。

Yes.

这种可能性是存在的。

That's that's possible.

不过

But

虽然很可能毫无价值。

Likely worthless, though.

在不深入探讨的情况下。

Without getting without getting too deep into it.

要在软分叉中实现这一点，实际上必须有人在链上创建一个使用新规则的UTXO，然后有人必须违反这些新规则花费它，并真正被打包进区块，才会导致软分叉的分裂发生。

For that to happen in a soft fork, somebody would actually have to make a UTXO on chain that used the new rules, and then somebody would have to spend that breaking those new rules and actually get put in a block for, like, a a split to happen with a soft fork.

所以，实际上必须有人在链上主动采取行动才能触发这种分裂。

So, like, somebody would actually have to actively do something on chain to trigger that split.

我明白了。

I see.

我明白了。

I see.

好的，听着，我们会在另一期节目中详细讨论硬分叉和软分叉。

Well, listen, we will cover hard forks and soft forks in another show.

但总的来说，我从这次讨论中理解到，节点是保持网络诚实的关键。

But generally speaking, what I'm taking from this is that the nodes are what keep the network honest.

运行一个节点非常重要，这样我就能成为其中一员，因为我想保护我的投资。

And it's really important that I run a node, so I'm part of that because I want to protect my investment.

不过也有趣的是，我们上期节目讨论过UTXO的问题。

But also, it's funny, we talked about the last show, the UTXOs.

我从中学到最重要的一点就是不要购买大量小额资金并转入钱包，因为我不想钱包里有太多小额UTXO。

The one thing I took from that that was really important was not buying lots of small amounts and transferring them to a wallet because I don't want to have too many UTXOs in my wallet for small amounts.

实际上我从这次讨论中得到的另一个重要收获是，运行节点的绝佳理由就是能够直接查询区块链——如果有人给我发送比特币，我可以直接查询区块链而不是通过区块浏览器查询，这样更保护隐私。

The one thing I've taken for this actually, a great reason for having a node is that ability just to, if somebody sent me some Bitcoin, to query the blockchain rather than querying via a block explorer for privacy.

让我问你一个问题。

Let me ask you something.

当我使用区块浏览器时，它会显示确认次数。

When I go to a block explorer, it gives me a number of confirmations.

如果我直接查询区块链本身，能看到同样的信息吗？

Can I see the same querying if I query the blockchain itself?

通过我的节点查询区块链相对容易吗？还是需要具备一定的编程技能？

And is it relatively easy to query the blockchain via my node, or do I need some kind of coding skills?

我需要懂一些命令行吗？

Do I need to know some command line?

嗯，你的钱包——如果你把钱包连接到节点或使用比特币核心自带的钱包——它会自动处理所有与钱包相关的操作。

Well, your wallet, if you hook a wallet up to the node or use the the wallet that comes with Bitcoin Core, would just do that for anything involving your wallet automatically.

要真正拥有像你在互联网上使用的区块浏览器那样的功能，你基本上需要获取其他软件，然后将其连接到节点之上。

To really have, like, a a block explorer like you you use on the Internet, you you would pretty much have to get other software and then hook that up on top of the node.

好的。

Okay.

就是说，这不是内置的标准功能。

Like, that's not, like, a standard thing built into it.

我们知道有多少个节点吗？

Do we know how many nodes there are?

嗯，如果讨论运行方式的话，显然你可以直接下载比特币核心。

Well, if we're talking, like, different ways to run them, obviously, you can just download Bitcoin Core.

还有Umbral。

There's Umbral.

不知道。

No.

我是说，有多少节点在运行，不是指类型？

I mean, how many how many nodes being run, not types?

哦，哦，太空学员。

Oh, oh, space cadet.

我们只知道有多少节点会公开宣告自己的存在。

Well, we know how many nodes publicly advertise themselves.

就是那些会向互联网喊话的节点，比如：嘿，

So, like, who will actually just shout out to the Internet, like, hey.

我是比特币节点。

I'm a Bitcoin node.

如果你是一个比特币节点，可以连接到我。

If you're a Bitcoin node, you can connect to me.

但并非每个节点都会这么做。

But, that's not something that every node is doing.

所以在某种程度上，我们真的无法确知。

So to some degree, we we we can't really know.

比如，我们可以知道公开宣传的节点数量。

Like, we we can know how many of those public advertised nodes there are.

但至于有多少是私有节点且不对外公开的，实际上没有准确方法统计，因为它们只是默默运行而不对外宣告。

But as far as how many are just private and not advertising themselves like that, there's no real kind of accurate way to figure that out because they're just kind of quietly sitting there doing that and not telling anyone.

对。

Right.

我想我暂时先不搭建闪电网络节点了。

I think I'm just gonna hold off on Lightning nodes for now.

我觉得现阶段专注于基础区块链就够了。

I think focusing on the base blockchain is enough for now.

最后我可能会问几个关于闪电网络节点的问题，但老实说，新手应该先从搭建基础区块链节点开始。

I might ask a couple of questions about Lightning nodes towards the end, but to be honest, a first step for someone to just create a blockchain sorry, to create a node for the base blockchain, I think, would be a good start.

好的。

Okay.

你认为每个人都应该尝试运行节点吗？

Do you think that everybody should be trying to run a node?

严格来说不是每个人，但可以俏皮地说——

Well, not literally everybody, but kind of cheekily put.

如果你自己掌管私钥且持有金额不小，或经常接收比特币，那我认为应该运行节点。

If you are holding your own keys and have more than silly pocket change, or regularly receiving Bitcoin, yes, I think you should.

但如果你只是手机里存着别人给的5美元，或者一直把币放在Coinbase从未接触过私钥，那就本末倒置了。

But, like, if if you just have that $5 somebody gave you that's sitting on your phone or you're just sitting on Coinbase and have never touched your own keys, then you're kinda putting the cart before the horse.

你明白我的意思吗？

You know what I mean?

对。

Right.

我明白了。

I see.

我明白了。

I see.

所以如果你是那种可能这里买50美元、那里买50美元的人，可能还不需要。

So if you're somebody who's maybe bought $50 here, $50 there, perhaps probably not yet.

但如果你是经历过一个周期、投入了大量个人收入、财富占比较重的人，你真的需要这么做或至少考虑尝试这么做。

But if you're somebody who's maybe been through a cycle and invested a lot of their personal income, got a serious percentage of their wealth, you really need to be doing this or looking at it, at least considering it and trying to do it.

嗯。

Mhmm.

百分之百。

A 100%.

运行节点有什么风险吗？

Are there any risks of running a node?

这个嘛，

Well,

在西方国家，除了可能浪费带宽或硬盘空间，或者如果网络迷因真的失控，可能导致你的节点被DDoS攻击之类的。

in the Western world, aside from maybe wasting bandwidth or hard drive space or, if memes really get out of control, maybe, getting your node DDoS or something.

其实没什么风险。

Not really.

但假设你身处一个极权国家，突然宣布比特币非法。

But, you know, let's say you're in a very totalitarian country that goes Bitcoin is illegal one day.

那么，在网络上运行一个公开可见的节点，在这种环境下就可能变成危险或有风险的行为。

Then, yeah, having a node on your network that's publicly visible on the Internet, that could become a dangerous or a risky thing to do in that type of environment.

但如果你身处一个安全、幸福的国家，你就不必担心那些事情，那就没问题。

But if you're in a a safe, you know, happy country, you don't have to worry about stuff like that, then no.

就像如果你有计量带宽，就搞清楚你的带宽情况。

It's like just figure out your bandwidth if you have metered bandwidth.

好的。

Alright.

听着。

Look.

我们知道我曾尝试与Umbro合作，遇到了一些问题，我们稍后会详细讨论。

We know I've tried with Umbro, and I've had some issues, which we're gonna get into.

如果有人正在听这个，Zenobia，他们会想，好吧。

If somebody's listening to this, Zenobia, and they're like, okay.

我加入。

I'm on board.

我想创建一个节点。

I wanna create a node.

比如，你会建议从哪里开始？

Like, where where would you say start?

比如，对于一个节点来说，哪里是个简单易行的起点？

Like, what's a good easy start in place for a node?

他们应该直接从笔记本电脑上的Bitcoin Core开始吗？

Should they just start with Bitcoin Core on their laptop?

他们应该买一台便宜的备用笔记本电脑来用吗？

Should they buy a should they get a spare cheap laptop and use that?

你会推荐新手从哪里开始搭建他们的第一个节点？

Where would you recommend someone to start with for their first node?

老实说，这个问题没有放之四海而皆准的答案。

Honestly, there's no one size fits all answer for that.

但我想说，如果你觉得自己有能力跟着教程操作，我建议至少在考虑那些即插即用节点之前，先试着找个教程下载比特币核心客户端，然后找一个能与之对接的钱包，这样你就能使用硬件设备等功能。

But I would say if you at all feel capable of following a tutorial or something, I would say just try at least before you start looking at all these plug and play nodes to just, like, go find a tutorial and download Bitcoin Core, and then just find a wallet that you can hook up to that so you can use your hardware devices and stuff.

在尝试其他方法之前先这么做，因为这样才能最大限度减少对不同人群的信任依赖。

And just try that first before you do anything else because that's really how to do that with as little trust placed in different groups of people as possible.

好的。

Okay.

这倒是个有趣的现象。

So this is an interesting thing.

当我第一次下载节点时，人们说‘把它连到钱包上就行’，我就想当然地以为可以直接连到硬件钱包。

So when I first downloaded a node and people said, oh, just connect it up to your wallet, I made this assumption, oh, I can just connect it to my hardware wallet.

但其实并不完全是这样。

But that's not strictly true.

我不太清楚Trezor的具体情况。

I'm not sure what happens with Trezor.

对Ledger了解稍多些，知道相关功能正在开发中，币控功能也会随之而来。

I know a little bit more about Ledger, that it's coming, and coin control's coming with them.

我知道ColdCard可以实现，但还没实际操作过。

I know you can do it with a cold card, but I've not gone through the process of trying.

后来我意识到并非所有钱包都能连接节点。

What I realized is that not all wallets can connect to a node.

对吧？

Right?

不行。

No.

虽然情况开始有所改变，但特别是手机钱包这类移动端应用——

Like, although this is kind of starting to change, but especially, mobile wallets or like anything on your phone.

很多根本做不到这种连接。

A lot of them just nope, not happening.

不过现在移动设备正逐渐普及这种功能，让你只需扫描二维码就能连接使用。

And but it it is kind of becoming a thing more nowadays where mobile devices are trying to set that up so you can just do the, like, scan a QR code thing and just hook up.

但目前市面上大多数移动钱包还是...

But there's still, like, most of the mobile wallets out there.

要实现这个并没有真正简单的方法。

There's no real easy way to do that.

对。

Right.

所以如果有人之前使用硬件钱包，他们设置并下载了节点，然后读到类似Spectre钱包这样的东西。

So if somebody was previously using a hardware wallet and they set up and downloaded a node, and then they read up something like, for example, Spectre Wallet.

这是我最近经常听说的。

That's what I hear a lot about at the moment.

那是个非常不错的钱包。

That's a really good wallet.

我听说它可以连接使用。

I've heard that connects up.

Spectre钱包是桌面钱包对吧？

Spectre Wallet is a desktop wallet, right?

嗯。

Mhmm.

所以我的逻辑思维告诉我，好吧。

So just in my logical brain, I'm like, okay.

我可以下载Spectre钱包，连接到我的节点，验证我的交易。

I can download Spectre Wallet, connect it to my node, validate my transactions.

但在我脑海里，那个桌面钱包连着我的电脑，感觉就像我的币有实时网络连接一样。

But in my head, that desktop wallet is connected to my computer, which feels like like there's a live Internet connection to my coins.

而如果用硬件钱包，我感觉我的币和网络之间是有隔离的。

Whereas if I've got my hardware wallet, I feel like I've got that kind of, like, separation between the Internet and my coins.

这说得通吗，就像是我正在与之斗争的心理障碍？

Does that make sense, like, as a psychological barrier that I I struggle with?

嗯。

Mhmm.

所以，这绝对应该是这样的。

So That's that's absolutely how it should be.

就像，我想再重申一下借记卡与银行数据库的关系。

Like, I I wanna kinda just reiterate the debit card and the relation to the bank database.

对吧。

Right.

你明白我的意思吗？

You know what I mean?

就像，如果你保管着相当数量的资金，这应该始终是你的处理方式。

Like, that's that should always be how you're handling things if you have any significant amount of money that you're custodying yourself.

那么在这种情况下，我该怎么做？

So in that scenario, what am I meant to do?

我是否应该用Spectre设置我的节点？

Am I meant to set up my node with Spectre?

假设我是Shinobi，给我发一些比特币。

Say I'm like Shinobi, send me some Bitcoin.

你给我发一些比特币。

You send me some Bitcoin.

我的节点会验证它。

My node validates it.

它会在Spectre中显示。

It appears in Spectre.

之后我是否应该把它转移到硬件钱包？

Should I then be moving it to a hardware wallet after that?

所以我基本上处理了两笔交易，或者说我是不是只能这样

So I I essentially got the two transactions, or should I be is the only way to

继续用Spectre Go吧

do Spectre Go on.

Spectre实际上支持硬件钱包

Spectre actually has hardware wallet support.

所以，我想特别推荐你试试这个，因为那是个非常简单的功能

So, like, that's you know, I I actually kinda wanna push you to to play with that specifically because that is a very simple, thing.

其实就是把它接入核心系统，然后任何能与Spectre通信的硬件钱包都能用

It's literally just bolt that on core and then whatever hardware wallet you wanna use that can talk to Spectre.

这在低信任度环境下是个非常简洁的接口

And that's that's a real nice simple interface in terms of low trust.

你不需要信任树莓派上安装的无数个项目

You're you're not trusting a million projects that got put on the Raspberry Pi.

操作起来并不难，而且是开箱即用的

Not that difficult to play with, and it's just right out of the box.

人们可以直接把硬件钱包插上去用

People can plug their hardware wallet into it.

这样他们甚至不需要经过'先发到这里再转到别处'的中间步骤

So they don't even have to have that interim step of, like, send to that and then somewhere else.

好的

Okay.

因为这就是让我困惑的地方，我感觉

Because this is where I had one of my moments because I feel like, okay.

所以我需要带钱包的Bitcoin Core，带钱包的Spectre，还有自带钱包的硬件钱包

So I need Bitcoin Core, which has a wallet, and then I Spectre, which has a wallet, and then I need to use my hardware wallet, which also has a wallet.

现在我有了三个钱包，但三套设备各干各的。实际上我只需要关注硬件钱包，但却要通过Spectre来操作它

So I've got these three wallets, but also three different bits of kit doing something different, When really, the only wallet I need to focus on is the hardware wallet, but I'm navigating the hardware wallet from Spectre.

这是正确的吗？

Is that correct?

但Spectre连接到了我的节点。

But Spectre's connected to my node.

我是说，从概念上讲我会这么说。

I mean, here's what I would say just conceptually.

比如，当你想到像这样一堆东西时，Core确实有钱包功能，但它无法兼容硬件钱包的原因在于硬件钱包种类实在太多了。

Like, when when you think about stacks of stuff like this, like, Core has a wallet, but the reason that doesn't work with hardware wallets is this there's so many of them.

它们一直在变化。

They change all the time.

而且，你不能把所有这些设备不断更新适配的问题都丢给比特币核心开发组来解决，他们得确保兼容性，你懂我意思吧？

And, like, you you can't just make it the Bitcoin Core developers problem that all of these devices are constantly changing, and they have to work to you you know what I mean?

嗯。

Mhmm.

所以这只是节点部分。

So that's just the node.

你可以直接忽略Core的钱包功能。

Like, you can ignore Core's wallet.

好的。

Okay.

而Spectre才是你实际使用的钱包软件。

And then Spectre on top of that is the actual wallet you're using.

至于你的硬件设备，我真心认为人们不该把它概念化为钱包。

And then your hardware device, like, I I really think people shouldn't conceptualize that as a wallet.

它更像是钥匙串或签名设备。

That's more like the key chain or the signing device.

目前是这样设置的。

That's set up this way.

这就是全部的操作了。

That's all that's really doing.

好的。

Okay.

好的。

Okay.

我还有一些问题，因为我已经经历过了。

So I've got some more questions because I went through my experience.

好的。

Okay.

如果我把节点连接到钱包，我如何确认它已经验证通过？

If I connect my node to my wallet, how do I actually know it's validated?

比如，我已经把节点连接到钱包，按我的意图设置好了，之后我会按照说明操作。

For example, I've connected my node to my wallet, I've set it up how I meant to set up, I'll go through the instructions after this and do it.

Shinobi给我发了一些比特币。

Shinobi sends me some Bitcoin.

它出现在我的Spectre钱包里。

It appears in my Spectre wallet.

我如何确认这笔交易确实被区块链验证了？

How do I actually know that that's actually been validated on the blockchain?

Spectre会显示'已验证'吗？

Does does the does Spectre say validated?

它会发出提示吗？

Does it give me does it ping?

它会有什么标识来表示验证通过吗？

Does it do something to indicate it's validated that?

是的。

Yeah.

简单来说，当Spectre连接到比特币核心时，它会获取你的公钥并将其导入核心钱包。

So Spectre, pretty much, when you hook it up to Bitcoin Core, what it does is it will take your public keys and actually import those into the Core wallet.

讽刺的是，它实际上在底层使用了核心钱包的功能，只是不让私钥接触它。

So it's actually kind of ironically using Core's wallet under the hood, just not letting private keys touch it.

然后比特币核心会跟踪你的余额。

And then Bitcoin Core tracks your balances.

当Spectre连接后，它只是与节点之间不断进行通信。

And when Spectre hooks up to it, it'll it's just pinging back and forth with the node.

就像在问：

Like, hey.

资金状态有变化吗？

Did anything change with the money?

如果有变化，Spectre就会显示给你看。

And if it did, Spectre will show that to you.

但是我可以在不连接比特币核心的情况下使用Spectre。

But but I can use Spectre without without connecting it to Bitcoin Core.

对吧？

Right?

实际上，我认为不行。

Actually, I don't think so.

你

You

可以。

can.

我知道他们计划未来推出某种模式可以不依赖比特币核心运行，但目前必须要有核心才能使用这个钱包。

I know they're I think they're planning on some kind of mode in the future where you could run it without Bitcoin Core, but right now, you you have to have Core to use the wallet.

但市面上有些钱包无论是否连接节点都能使用。

But there are some wallets out there which you can use with or without connecting to a node.

对吧？

Right?

是的。

Yeah.

是的。

Yeah.

所以随着随着

So with with

我那些认为，比如

I those think, like

对于那些情况，你怎么知道并且能否确定一笔即将到来的交易确实已被节点验证？

With with those, how do you know that and will you ever know that an incoming transaction has actually been validated by the node?

嗯，我是说，如果你已经连接好并且它运行正常，那就没问题。

Well, I mean, if you've hooked it up and it's working properly, yeah.

但是，除此之外，这有点偏离主题了。

But, I mean, aside from that, like, that's kind of wandering down the territory.

就像，除非你反编译所有程序并拆解芯片，否则你怎么知道你的电脑是否正常运行？

Like, Do you know your computer's doing anything properly unless you decompile everything and tear the chips apart?

我知道。

I know.

只是在皮特的小世界里，我希望能为每笔交易标注'节点已验证'。

Just in Pete's little world, I'm like, I of want next to each transaction to say node validated.

因为我会想，如果我的节点与钱包断开连接会怎样？

Because I I'd be like, well, what happens if my node disconnects from my wallet?

我甚至怎么知道这种情况发生了？

How would I even know that's would I know that's happened?

是啊。

Yeah.

让我这么说吧。

And any let let me put it this way.

任何足够专业的钱包开发者，只要他们的软件值得你考虑使用，他们都会在用户界面中内置警告、断开连接通知等功能。

Any wallet developer who is competent enough that you should be even considering using their software, they'll they'll build into the UI like a warning or like a disconnect notification or things like that.

对。

Right.

以我使用Umbral的经验为例，人们总说试试Umbral P吧，操作很简单，点击就能用——确实有95%的步骤是简单的。

So my experience with Umbral, people kept saying test out Umbral P, it's really easy, it's click and go, and it kind of was 95 easy.

我当时准备了树莓派，还额外买了一些配件，配了个机箱。

I had the Raspberry Pi here, I had a couple of extra bits I had to buy, bought a case.

其实是我儿子组装的，挺酷的。

Well, actually my son built it, which was cool.

我们组装好设备，连接后开始同步区块链，但每运行一小时就会停止同步。

But we built it, connected it, started syncing the blockchain, and then after every hour of running it, it would stop syncing.

然后我只能断开连接，关机重启，问题又会再次出现。

And then I would disconnect it, turn it off, turn it back on, it would do it again.

这在我看来就是失败品。

That to me is just a fail.

我知道有很多人愿意不断钻研尝试。

I know there's lots of people out there who keep digging and keep trying.

他们是那种喜欢折腾的人。

They're they're the kind of people who tinker.

对吧？

Right?

我不是那种会修修补补的人

I'm not the kind of guy who fixes

这个，我

Well, I

我是想说

mean, I So I was gonna say

公平地说，这这这是个新项目。

In in fairness, it's it's it's a new project.