607. 纳尔逊的情人：丑闻缠身的汉密尔顿夫人

感谢您收听《余下皆为历史》。想获取每周额外剧集、无广告收听、系列抢先体验及加入我们备受喜爱的聊天社区，请访问therestishistory.com加入俱乐部。网址是therestishistory.com。本期节目由Hive赞助播出。要知道，历史充满了变革。

Thank you for listening to the rest is history. For weekly bonus episodes, ad free listening, early access to series, and membership of our much loved chat community, go to therestishistory.com and join the club. That is therestishistory.com. This episode is brought to you by Hive. You know, history is full of transformations.

罗马人从共和制转向帝国制。都铎王朝将修道院改造成乡间别墅。而你知道吗？Hive也经历了自身的变革。人们熟知Hive的智能恒温器，但如今它已进化为更宏大的存在。

The Romans shifted from republic to empire. The Tudors transformed monasteries into country houses. And do you know what? Hive has had one of its own. Everybody knows Hive for smart thermostats, but now they've evolved into something much greater.

太阳能板助您用清洁能源为家庭供电，热泵从稀薄空气中汲取温暖，电动汽车充电器在您安睡时为爱车充电——这一切都可通过单一应用管理。

Solar panels that help you to power your home with clean energy, heat pumps that pull warmth from thin air, EV chargers that charge your car while you're asleep, all managed through a single app.

这一切旨在赋予人们力量，将家园从浪费转变为高效，从依赖转变为掌控，从消耗转变为贡献。

This is all about giving people the power to transform their homes from waste to efficiency, from dependence to control, from consumption to contribution.

因此，历史下一场伟大变革或许不会发生在议会或宫殿，而可能正在您的家中悄然上演。一场没有断头台的静默革命。HIVE，

So history's next great transformation may not be happening in parliaments or palaces. It may be happening in your home. A quiet revolution minus guillotines. HIVE,

知晓你的力量。访问hivehome.com了解更多。需经评估及符合适用条件。Hive应用兼容特定热泵型号。我最亲爱的挚爱艾玛，我心灵密友，信号显示敌方联合舰队正驶离港口。

know your power. Visit hivehome.com to find out more. Subject to survey and suitability. Hive app compatible with selected heat pumps. My dearest, beloved Emma, a dear friend of my bosom, the signal has been made that the enemy's combined fleet are coming out of port.

此刻风力微弱，恐明日方能得见敌踪。愿战神保佑我旗开得胜。无论如何，我必确保纳尔逊之名永驻你与霍雷希娅心间——我对你俩的爱胜过自己生命。既然战前绝笔是写给你的，我祈望战后能亲笔续完此信。这封信来自海军上将霍雷肖·纳尔逊。

We have very little wind so that I have no hopes of seeing them before tomorrow. May the god of battles crown my endeavors with success. At all events, I will take care that my name shall ever be most dear to you and Horatia, both of whom I love as much as my own life. And as my last writing before the battle will be to you, so I hope in God that I shall live to finish my letter after the battle. So that was a letter by admiral Horatio Nelson.

这封信写于10月19日，距离他与命运决战的日子还有两天——那是英国历史上最伟大的日子之一，汤姆，拿破仑战争中规模最宏大的特拉法加海战爆发之日。而艾玛，嗯，她是谁

It was written on the October 19, two days before his climactic date with destiny, one of the great dates in the British calendar, Tom, the date of the most titanic naval battle of the Napoleonic Wars, Trafalgar. And Emma, well, who

艾玛是谁？艾玛是纳尔逊的情妇，汉密尔顿夫人。他在信中提到的霍雷希亚，是个四岁女孩，他一直假装是收养的，但实际上是他与艾玛·汉密尔顿所生的女儿。在他的旗舰‘胜利号’上——特拉法加战役中的指挥舰——他的舱室里挂着她们的肖像。那是他最珍贵的财产。

was Emma? Emma is Nelson's mistress, Lady Hamilton. And Horatia, who he also mentions in that letter, is a four year old girl that he had always pretended was adopted, but in truth was his daughter by Emma, Lady Hamilton. And in HMS Victory, his flagship at the Battle of Trafalgar, he had their portraits in his cabin. They were his most precious possessions.

但在这封信写完两天后，也就是10月21日早晨，这些画像已与他舱内其他物品一起被妥善收存。因为此时，法国和西班牙舰队已驶离港口，停泊在西班牙南部的特拉法加角外10英里处。10月21日清晨6点22分，纳尔逊向舰队发出战斗准备的信号。英国舰队以纳尔逊的‘胜利号’为首，以每小时仅两三英里的步行速度，缓慢、缓慢、缓慢地向法西联合舰队战线推进。人们或许会好奇此刻纳尔逊最牵挂什么。

But two days on from his writing of that letter, say the morning of the October 21, they had been stored away with all the other effects that he had in his cabin for safety. And that is because by this point, the French and Spanish fleet had come out from their harbour and lay 10 miles away off Cape Trafalgar in the South Of Spain. And at 06:22AM on the October 21, Nelson gives the signal to his own fleet, prepare for battle. And slowly, slowly, slowly, the British fleet with Nelson's own ship, HMS Victory, at its forefront advances towards the French and Spanish battle line, and it does so at no more than a walking pace, two to three miles an hour. And so people may be wondering what was uppermost in Nelson's mind at this point.

我们之所以知道，是因为当‘胜利号’开始向战线推进时，纳尔逊邀请舰长托马斯·哈迪和另一位舰长亨利·布莱克伍德作为见证人，为他刚立的遗嘱附录作证。我来宣读这份我认为是整个英国历史上最动人的文件之一：‘1805年10月21日，法西联合舰队距此约10英里，已进入视野。’显然，纳尔逊将‘胜利号’置于战斗最前沿，他深知自己极有可能——几乎可以说注定——会在即将到来的战斗中牺牲。

We know because as victory is beginning her advance towards the line of battle, Nelson invites the flag captain of his ship, Thomas Hardy, and a second captain, Henry Blackwood, to serve as witnesses to a codicil that he had just made to his will. And I will read it. It's I think one of the most moving documents in the whole of British history. 10/21/1805, then in sight of the combined fleets of France and Spain distant about 10 miles. And obviously, Nelson has placed HMS Victory at the very forefront of the battle, and so he knows there is a very strong possibility, one might almost say, probability that he will die in the coming battle.

正因如此，他满心牵挂汉密尔顿夫人。他在遗嘱中写道：‘我留给我的国王和祖国一份遗产（原话），恳请他们为汉密尔顿夫人提供充裕的生活保障，以维持她的社会地位。我也将我的养女霍雷希亚·纳尔逊·汤普森托付给祖国的仁慈，并希望她今后只使用纳尔逊这个姓氏。这是此刻我为祖国出征时，向国王与国家提出的唯一请求。’

And that being so, his thoughts are all of Lady Hamilton. And he writes in this will, therefore, that he leaves her, my quote, a legacy to my king and country, that they will give her an ample provision to maintain her rank in life. I also leave to the beneficence of my country, my adopted daughter, Horatia Nelson Thompson, and I desire she will use in future the name of Nelson only. These are the only favors I ask of my king and country at this moment when I am going to fight their battle.

谢谢。非常感人，汤姆。当然，我们之前讲述过特拉法加战役，这是英国历史上最著名的故事之一。我想大多数听众都知道纳尔逊在特拉法加的结局。我们曾做过关于特拉法加的精彩系列节目，堪称史诗三部曲，对吧？

Thank you. Very moving, Tom. Now we have, of course, done the Battle of Trafalgar before, and it is one of the best known stories in all British history. So most of our listeners, I am guessing, will know what happened to Nelson at Trafalgar. That was a mighty series, a mighty trilogy that we did about Trafalgar, wasn't it?

我们花了三小时讲述特拉法加，仍觉得有太多未尽之言

Three hours on Trafalgar, we felt there was so much more to say,

不是吗？远不止如此。事实上，我认为我们应该重现特拉法加海战。至少每两年一次。

didn't we? So much more. In fact, I think we should do the battle of Trafalgar. Maybe once every two years. At least.

而我们即将在两周半后这样做——届时我们将恢复讲述霍雷肖·纳尔逊生平的系列节目，上次讲到他在尼罗河战役获胜。最终集我们将重返特拉法加，通过纳尔逊的视角还原战役全程。不过首先，有请多米尼克。

And we will be doing so, won't we, in in what? Kind of two and a half weeks because we will be resuming our series on the life of Horatio Nelson, which we left. He just won the battle of the Nile. And in the final episode of that, we will be returning to Trafalgar and following the course of the battle through the eyes of Nelson himself. But first, Dominic.

是的，艾玛·汉密尔顿。即便对18世纪90年代社交名媛不甚了解的人，也对这个名字耳熟能详。她的名声主要来自与纳尔逊的关联。但关键在于：究竟是何种特质让这位女性对英国最伟大的海军英雄如此具有吸引力？

Yeah. Emma Hamilton. So Emma Hamilton is a very well known name even to people who are not, you know, massively familiar with society beauties of the seventeen nineties. So what's made her famous is, I suppose, her association with Nelson. But I guess the question is, what is it about her specifically that makes her so compelling to Britain's greatest naval hero?

究竟是什么让他在冲锋陷阵时仍对她念念不忘？为何当他冲向法国与西班牙的炮火，迎来生命最后时刻时，仍如此担忧自己死后她的境遇？

What is it about her that means that he's thinking about her even as he sails into battle? And why is he advancing towards the French and the Spanish guns and his final moments on earth? Why is he so anxious about what will happen to her after he is dead?

今天我们就试图解答这些问题，做一期聚焦戴维·汉密尔顿（注：应为艾玛·汉密尔顿）生平直至她遇见纳尔逊的节目。她的人生堪称传奇，完全值得单独讲述——主要有两个原因：虽然她因与纳尔逊的关系闻名，但绝非其附庸。两人开始恋情时，她已是欧洲最负盛名的非王室女性。

I thought we could try and answer those questions today and do an episode focused on the life of David Hamilton as she becomes up until her meeting with Nelson. I think her story is an amazing one, fully merits its own episode. And I guess for two principal reasons. You said that she's best known for her relationship with Nelson, and that's undoubtedly true. But she's absolutely no appendage of Nelson because already when they begin their affair, she's probably the most celebrated non royal woman in Europe.

她的名声遍及欧洲大陆，程度惊人。考虑到当时距离银版照相术发明尚有数十年，她却拥有那个时代最具辨识度的面容——我们稍后会解释原因。她以绝世美貌著称，更独创了所谓'姿态艺术'：通过极具原创性的表演，将古典艺术场景生动再现，仿佛让希腊陶瓶上的画像活了过来。

I mean, she has a kind of Europe wide reputation. And for various reasons, so to a really astonishing degree, and bearing in mind that, you know, the invention of daguerreotypes of photography still lies several decades in the future at this point, She has one of the most recognisable faces of the age for reasons that we will come to. She is famously beautiful, but she is famous as well for what she termed her attitudes. And these were very distinctive, very original performances, which were designed to bring to life for observers scenes from classical art. So you could imagine maybe a kind of an image on a Greek vase being brought to life.

她的演绎如此鲜活逼真，目睹者无不震撼。我读到这些记载时总忍不住想：这究竟是什么样的表演？听起来有点像哑谜游戏。

And she does this so vividly with such a sense of authenticity that people who witness it are completely stupefied. I've always kind of read this and thought, well, you know, what was she doing? I mean, it sounds a bit like charades or something.

确实如此，听起来很疯狂。

It does. It sounds bonkers.

但我认为当你深入了解时，会感觉到人们正在见证他们认为不可能的事情。我是说，其中最著名的见证者可能是那个时代最伟大的知识分子——德国大文豪歌德。他描述了艾玛的表演：她放下头发，仅用几条披肩，就能赋予姿态、手势、表情等如此多样的变化，让观众几乎不敢相信自己的眼睛。当然，对我们来说这听起来没那么不可思议。

But I think when you look into it, you get the sense that people are witnessing something that they had thought impossible. I mean, among the kind of probably the most famous person who witnesses this is the greatest intellectual of the age, Goethe, the great German writer. And he he describes Emma's performance. She lets down her hair and with a few shawls, gives so much variety to her poses, gestures, expressions, etcetera, that the spectator can hardly believe his eyes. I mean, it doesn't sound that incredible to us.

是的。但我觉得他所描述的是一种震惊感，这种震惊比人们第一次看到电影时的震撼早了整整一个世纪。换句话说，看到静止的图像活过来——这就是艾玛的技艺。我认为这暗示了艾玛之所以非凡的原因：她就像是十八世纪舞台上的二十世纪默片明星，堪称是丽莲·吉许或葛丽泰·嘉宝的先驱。

No. But I think that what he is describing is a sense of astonishment that prefigures by a century the astonishment that people felt watching cinematography for the first time. So in other words, seeing a frozen image come to life, that is Emma's skill. And I think it suggests something of what made Emma so remarkable a figure is that she is like a kind of twentieth century silent movie star on an eighteenth century stage. So she's kind of Lillian Gish or Greta Garbo, avant la lettre.

没错。当你从这个角度理解她时，就能明白为什么她的姿态能产生如此强烈的感染力。虽然很多人可能会...

Right. And I think when you see her in those terms, you can understand why her attitudes have the kind of, you know, impact that they do. So a lot of people may be a

对此持些许怀疑态度。汤姆，我必须承认，当我读到关于艾玛·汉密尔顿的姿态表演时也相当怀疑，因为觉得这和字谜游戏太像了。但你对这个理论非常热忱，不是吗？你认为这是现代性的某种预兆。

tiny bit skeptical about this. And, Tom, I have to admit, I was quite skeptical when I read about Emma Hamilton's attitudes because I thought they sounded remarkably similar to Charade's. But you're very evangelical about this, aren't you? You think that this is a kind of prefiguring of modernity.

你不断看到从歌德到其他学识渊博的人都在反复强调同一点：他们被彻底震撼了。他们一再强调的是，那些原本静止的事物——雕像、花瓶上的图案——在他们眼前活了过来。艾玛这种将静态转化为动态与情感的能力令他们难以置信。当然，由于没有影像记录，我们无法亲眼见证。

Again and again, you read people saying from Goethe and people who are incredibly knowledgeable. Again and again, they are stupefied. And I think what they, again and again, emphasize is the sense that something that they had always thought of as stationary, so a statue, an image on a vase, is being brought to life for them. And it is being done through something about Emma's ability to turn the static into motion and emotion that they find incredible. And obviously, there is no cinematography, so we can't witness it.

我们只能依靠当时观众那种目瞪口呆的反应来想象。我认为应该相信歌德和其他见证者——他们并没有完全疯癫，他们看到的绝不只是字谜游戏。

But we just have to rely on the sense of superfaction that people felt when watching it. And I think take on trust that Goethe and everybody else, they're not completely mad. They're not just watching charades, I think.

好吧，我们稍后再回到这个字谜游戏。这是个弗洛伊德式的口误。态度问题我们晚点再讨论。但艾玛身上有政治的一面，对吧？

Well, we'll come back to the charade. That's a Freudian slip. We'll come back to the attitudes later on. But there's a political side to Emma. Right?

她是那种举足轻重的政治人物。

She's an important kind of political person.

是的。在特拉法加海战当天早晨所写的遗嘱附录中，纳尔逊称赞艾玛是伟大的英国爱国者，为国家做出了崇高贡献——当然就像纳尔逊自己一样。她成为英国驻那不勒斯公使威廉·汉密尔顿爵士的妻子，由此获得头衔和姓氏。在那不勒斯期间，她成为了哈布斯堡的玛丽亚·卡罗莱纳女王的心腹，这位女王本身就是个非常厉害的人物。

Yeah. So in his codicil that he's writing on the the morning of Trafalgar, Nelson praises Emma as a kind of great British patriot who has done her country noble service, just as Nelson himself, of course, has done. She becomes the wife of the British envoy to Naples, Sir William Hamilton. So that's where she gets her title and name. And while she's there, she has become the confidant of Maria Carolina, Habsburg, the queen, and a very formidable figure in her own right.

艾玛利用这段友谊为英国谋利。纳尔逊在遗嘱附录中特别称赞——我直接引用——'汉密尔顿夫人对那不勒斯女王的影响力'。至于这种影响是否完全积极，我们将在下期节目讨论。

And Emma exploits this friendship for Britain's benefit. And Nelson in his codicil specifically praises, and I quote, Lady Hamilton's influence with the queen of Naples. Now whether that's entirely for good, we will be discussing in our next episode.

没错。因为纳尔逊与那不勒斯女王的关系——我们下周会讲到——很可能成为他整个职业生涯中最具争议的部分。

Yes. Because Nelson's relationship with the queen of Naples, which we'll come to next week, turns out to be probably the most controversial element of his entire career.

不过从艾玛的重要性来看，要知道这是个被哲学家赞赏、与女王关系亲密的女性。我认为她身上有种魅力，与纳尔逊本人的魅力产生了强烈共鸣。这或许就是她作为情妇、作为挚爱如此著名的原因。事实上，从他们开始恋情直到两人去世后很久，人们最常将他们与历史上的哪对情侣相提并论？那就是安东尼与克里奥帕特拉。

However, from the point of view of of Emma's significant, you know, this is a woman who is admired by philosophers. She's intimate with queens. So she has a kind of glamour, I think, that fuses very potently with Nelson's own. And I think that's why she's so celebrated as a as a mistress, as an enamorata. And in fact, the moment they begin their affair and throughout their relationship and long after both of them are dead, people compare them to one couple from history more than any other, and that is Antony and Cleopatra.

关于这个有大量讽刺画。后来他们回到英国时，出现了大量——我得说相当刻薄的——讽刺画，把艾玛画成体型庞大的克里奥帕特拉。但我想我们该谈谈这个了。当人们作这种比较时，可没什么善意。他们不是想说'哦，你是个在惊涛骇浪中成功存活的女人'之类。

Well, there are loads of cartoons on this. So when they go back to England later on, there are loads of cartoons produced showing, I have to say, quite despising cartoons, showing Emma as a kind of an enormous Cleopatra. But we should come to this, I guess. And when people mean that comparison, they don't mean it kindly. They don't mean, oh, you're a woman who has navigated through difficult seas and actually has kept her head above water and all this.

他们的意思是，你有点——请原谅我转述一下利布塔桑的话——你有点像克利奥帕特拉那样的荡妇。我知道这不太准确，但人们就是这么说的。

They mean you're a bit of a I mean, Libtasans will forgive me for paraphrasing. You're a bit of a strumpet as Cleopatra was. I I know that's not right, but it's what

人们还说，克利奥帕特拉引诱安东尼背离了他的职责。

people say. And, also, Cleopatra seduces Antony from his duty

是的，当然。作为一个

Yes. Of course. As a

伟大的战士，我认为人们也这样评价艾玛——她引诱纳尔逊放弃了他出海击败法国海军的责任。漫画家、讽刺作家乃至整个上流社会之所以能轻易嘲笑汉密尔顿夫人是个荡妇，正是因为她并非贵族出身，毫无教养可言。我的意思是，她恰恰相反——她出生时既不叫艾玛，也不是汉密尔顿夫人。

great warrior, which I think people also say about Emma that she's seducing Nelson from his responsibility to go out and defeat the French in naval battles. And I think the reason why it's so easy for cartoonists and satirists and indeed people throughout high society to sneer at Lady Hamilton as a a strumpet is because she is not an aristocrat. She is not well bred in the slightest. I mean, the absolute opposite. So she is born not Emma, not Lady Hamilton.

她本名艾米·莱昂，出生于极度贫困的家庭。在她的童年成长时期，她擦过地板，为换取食物残渣出卖过肉体。她是从18世纪末英国新兴工业社会最底层挣扎出来的。

She is born Amy Lyon and she was born into absolutely desperate poverty. And in her time, in her childhood, growing up, she had scrubbed floors. She had sold her body for scraps of food. She emerged from the absolute depths of the emerging industrial society of late eighteenth century Britain.

没错。这就是你的论点对吧？人们总把艾玛·汉密尔顿视为怪物，但你认为更应该把她看作——不仅仅是受害者（这种说法可能不准确）——而是一个幸存者，一个抗争者，一个靠自己闯出一片天却因出身遭受势利眼迫害的人。大致就是这个意思吧？

Right. Well, she's I mean, this is your it's going to be your argument, isn't it? That actually people always see Emma Hamilton as a monster, but it would be better to see her, you're going to argue, as as not just a victim, I suppose. That's the wrong way of putting it, but as a survivor, as a fighter who's somebody who makes her own way and then becomes the victim of snobbery for having done so. That's about the long and short of it, isn't it?

她绝对是个斗士，毫无疑问这正是纳尔逊钦佩她的重要原因。但也能理解为何他在特拉法加海战前夜如此担忧她的命运——没有了他，她会沦落何方？这种从赤贫到暴富，又可能重归潦倒的人生轨迹，正是讲述她生平故事的第二个理由，因为这简直就像小说般传奇。

She is absolutely a fighter, and I think there's no doubt that that's kind of a massive part of what Nelson admired in her. But also you can see why he's so nervous for her fate on the eve of Trafalgar because without him, what will become of her? This kind of rags to riches and then perhaps riches back to rags story is the second reason for telling the story of her life because it is I mean, it's it's like a novel.

对。

Right.

这有点像《雾都孤儿》与《名利场》的混合体。但我觉得讲述她的故事时，不可避免地会联想到二十世纪几位标志性女性——她们都像艾玛那样，在媒体大众化时代抓住机遇，从赤贫中逆袭。我们已探讨过其中两位：玛丽莲和贝隆夫人。我曾将艾玛比作默片明星，她同样是工业时代女性利用大众媒体自我营销、逃离贫民窟的开拓者。

It's kind of a cross between you know, it fuses Oliver Twist with vanity fair. But I think also it's impossible to tell her story and not also think of, certainly, a couple of obvious twentieth century icons, women who capitalized on an age of mass media to hold themselves up as Emma did from terrible grinding poverty. And we've covered two of them, Marilyn and Evita. And again, I compared Emma to a silent movie star. She is a trailblazer as well for women who are able to use mass media in an industrial age to promote themselves and to kind of escape the slums.

所以我认为她或许是工业革命初期第一位伟大的女性名人。

So I would say that she's probably the first great female celebrity of the emerging industrial age.

知道她像什么吗？西奥这个观察非常精辟。她是连接现代玛丽莲与贝隆夫人的纽带，也是历史长河中另一位传奇——黄真伊的镜像。如果你们记得，这位朝鲜最著名的妓生诗人，在世界的另一端书写了相似篇章。

You know what she is? This is an an excellent observation that Theo has made. She is the link between the lives of Marilyn and Evita in the modern world and a great friend of the rest of history, Hwang Jee Nee, who is, if you remember, on the other side of the world, Korea's greatest courtesan turned poet.

西奥这个历史类比很有意思。

That's an interesting historical observation there from Theo.

别低估西奥对世界历史的造诣——尤其对朝鲜史的见解。好了，我们回到英国，继续艾玛的故事。她成年时正值工业革命彻底改变世界的年代，对吧？

Don't underestimate Theo's, a, knowledge of the rest is history, and, b, knowledge of Korean history. Yeah. Right. Let's get back to Britain, to Emma and her story. So she comes of age in a world that has been absolutely transformed by the industrial revolution, doesn't she?

她来自英格兰西北部，生于与利物浦一河之隔的威勒尔半岛。工业现代性的浪潮本可能摧毁她，不是吗？

So she comes from the Northwest Of England. She's born on the Wirral Peninsula, which is just across the river from Liverpool. And she could have been destroyed by the advent of industrial modernity, couldn't she?

是的，她最终将工业化的进程转化为己用。这可以说是最具破坏性的时期，几乎是工业化诞生的阵痛阶段。1765年4月26日她出生时，威勒尔地区地下刚发现一条巨大的煤矿脉。

Yeah. So the the kind of the process of industrialization that she ultimately turns to her own ends. I mean, this is at its most destructive. It's pretty much the the kind of the birth pangs of industrialisation. And when she's born on the 04/26/1765, a great seam of coal has only just been discovered kind of running below the Wirral.

她出生的地方叫内斯村，如今据我所知是个宜人的通勤小镇，旁边还有座植物园。但当时——这里我要引用凯特·威廉姆斯在她精彩的传记《英格兰的情妇：艾玛·汉密尔顿的传奇人生》中的描述——

And the place she's born, it's a village called Ness, which there I gather is a very pleasant commuter village with a botanic garden next to it. But back then, and I'm quoting here Kate Williams in her fantastic biography of Emma Hamilton, England's mistress, the infamous life of Emma Hamilton.

哦，电视上那位凯特·威廉姆斯。

Oh, TV's Kate Williams.

正是电视上的凯特·威廉姆斯，不过她的博士论文就是研究艾玛·汉密尔顿。她笔下的1765年内斯村是三十来间矿工棚屋组成的破败聚落，坐落在贫瘠多石的荒地上。她父亲亨利·莱恩是煤矿铁匠，母亲玛丽·基德则来自哈丁镇，是个极其标致的姑娘——哈丁是切斯特附近的村庄，距内斯约12英里。

TV's Kate Williams, but also Kate wrote her PhD on Emma Hamilton Williams. She describes Nest back in 1765 as a ramshackle huddle of 30 or so miners hovels set in scrubby, stony, infertile land. Her father, Henry Lyon, is the blacksmith for coal mine. And her mother, Mary Kidd, is an exceedingly pretty girl from Hardin. And this is a village near Chester, so it's about 12 miles away from Ness.

如今那里又变得很有吸引力了。我查过资料，《星期日泰晤士报》2012年曾将其评为最佳居住地之一。但在十八世纪，那里闭塞乏味到让玛丽离家出走跑去煤矿谋生。

Again, now very attractive. I looked it up and it was named in 2012 by the Sunday Times as one of the best places to live. But back in the eighteenth century, it was so dead end and boring that Mary had run away from it to join a coal mine.

但你知道谁住过哈丁镇吗，汤姆？谁？格莱斯顿。他肯定会非常欣赏艾玛·汉密尔顿的做派，不过事后大概要狠狠鞭笞自己忏悔一番。

But you know who lived in Harden, Tom? Who? Gladstone. And Gladstone would very much have enjoyed Emma Hamilton's attitudes, but he then would have flagellated himself afterwards.

确实如此。因为故事有个重要背景：哈丁镇郊外有座大宅邸。

Certainly would. Because there is and this is an important part of the story. There is a big house just outside Hardin.

是的。

Yeah.

哈丁是旧英格兰的一个村庄，有座大房子和感恩的村民。而内斯则是工业化进程正以极其猛烈方式推进的地方。对玛丽来说，搬到内斯最终被证明并非完全明智之举。她与亨利的婚姻似乎因怀孕被迫而成。作为矿工的妻子，她的生活注定不会愉快。

So Hardin is a village from Old England with a big house and, you know, grateful villagers. And Ness is a place where the process of industrialisation is kicking in very, very violently. And so for Mary, her move to Ness turns out not entirely to be a wise one. Her marriage to Henry seems to have been forced on her by a pregnancy. And as the wife of a minor, I mean, her life is not going to be a pleasant one at all.

那将是无休止的苦役。许多矿工的妻子会遭受殴打等等。我们虽不确定亨利是否如此，但这种可能性存在。艾玛出生仅几周后，亨利便离世，死因成谜。艾玛的母亲和她本人始终刻意对父亲之事保持沉默。

It's going to kind of be relentless drudgery. Many wives of minors, they're kind of beaten, whatever. So we don't know whether that happened with Henry, but I mean, it's a possibility. But then just a few weeks after Emma is born, Henry dies and the circumstances are mysterious. Emma's mother and Emma herself always very pointedly keep quiet about her father.

她们从不谈论他的死因。于是人们猜测：他是酗酒致死？斗殴丧命？还是可能自杀？我们无从得知。

They don't talk about how he died. And so this kind of speculation, did he drink himself to death? Did he die in a brawl? Did he commit suicide perhaps? I mean, we just don't know.

对小艾米而言，这无疑是场灾难——她失去了家庭潜在的顶梁柱。但另一方面，我认为这反而意味着某种自由，因为玛丽得以摆脱工业贫民窟矿工妻子的生活，重返故乡，在家族宅邸工作。对玛丽是永无止境的家务，但艾玛似乎成长过程中较少承担家庭责任。

So on one level, you know, this is a disaster for the little baby Amy. You know, she's been deprived of the potential breadwinner in the family. But I think on another, actually, it spells a certain measure of freedom because it liberates Mary to escape the life of a worker's wife in an industrial slum, return to her native village, work there in the family house. For Mary, it's endless chores. But Amy seems to have kind of grown up fairly unburdened by domestic responsibilities, I think.

成年后她形容自己的童年'狂野而无忧无虑'。引用凯特·威廉姆斯的话，引人注目的是她出落得'惊人地挺拔'。凯特写道：'她高挑、强壮且美丽，浓密长发，洁白坚固的牙齿，闪亮的眼睛，光洁皮肤，洋溢着健康活力'。这尤为难得，因她的童年历经多次饥荒和天花疫情。

So later in life, she described her childhood as wild and thoughtless. And what's also striking again, to quote Kate Williams, is that she grows up strikingly statuesque. So Kate writes, she was tall, strong and beautiful, with a thick mane of hair and strong white teeth. She had sparkling eyes, clear skin, voluptuous good health and bounding energy. And this is all the more striking because her childhood was marked by repeated kind of famines, smallpox epidemics.

但艾玛显然不是被佝偻病摧残的女孩，也没有满身疮疤。她似乎还掌握了粗浅的读写能力——虽然粗浅，但总比同阶层大多数女孩可能一字不识要强。确实。

But Emma is, you know, very clearly not a girl who's been stunted by rickets or Right. Popped with with sores and spots. She also seems to have learned kind of very cursory reading and writing skills. But, I mean, cursory is better than nothing, which is what probably most girls of her standing would have had. Yeah.

凯特·威廉姆斯对此的解释是，艾玛的母亲玛丽可能与当地大宅里的某人有染。所以她写道，不知何故，玛丽找到了钱，使艾玛免受乡村最严酷的贫困之苦，并帮助她出落成一位美人。

And so the Kate Williams explanation for this is that perhaps Emma's mother, Mary, was having an affair with someone up in the local big house. So she writes, somehow, Mary found money that protected Emma from the worst of village hardship and helped her grow into a beauty.

等等，这没有证据支持吧？我是说，唯一的证据就是艾米——也就是后来的艾玛——没有发育不良，也没有丧失读写能力。

Well, hold on. There's no evidence for that. Right? I mean, the only evidence is the fact that Amy, who becomes Emma, is not kind of stunted and unable to read and write.

她确实具备读写能力。是的。

She has reading and writing. Yeah.

没错。但如果这是真的，那就会成为一种榜样。年轻的艾米/艾玛会将其视为效仿的榜样，不是吗？她会得出这样的结论：实际上，利用自己的外貌魅力是获得社会和文化提升的途径，这从她后来的选择来看也合乎逻辑。

Right. But if that's true, then that would be a model. Then the young Amy stroke Emma would see that as a model to follow. No? Would would draw the conclusion that actually, you know, trading on her physical charms was the way to get social and kind of cultural advancement, which would make sense given what she later chooses to do.

是的。我认为促使她产生野心的另一个原因，可能是她短暂而糟糕的职场经历——那是当时工人阶级女孩最常见的出路，就是去做家政服务。艾玛确实在哈丁的大宅工作过。1777年她12岁时，在那里干了几个月，然后基本上是被解雇了，我想是因为她完全做不来家务活。

Yeah. And I think also what what encourages her to to be ambitious is probably her her kind of fleeting and disastrous experience of the career that was most readily open to working class girls, which is to go into domestic service. Yeah. So Emma does work in the big house at Hardin. So in 1777, when she's 12 years old, she goes there for a few months, and then she gets sacked, basically, I think, because she's completely hopeless at at housework.

好吧，这完全不适合她。次年秋天，她去了伦敦这个大都市，在那里找到一份女仆的工作，结果再次被解雇。

Okay. It's not her not her vibe at all. And then the following autumn, she travels to London to the big smoke. And, she secures a job as a housemaid there. And again, she gets sacked.

这次是因为她和朋友在外逗留到很晚——典型的青少年行为。显然，她根本不是做杂役女仆的料。但这段经历却以一种留在村庄里永远无法实现的方式，让她见识到了奢侈、闲暇、精致生活、华服美饰以及充裕食物所构成的整个世界。我想这激发了她为自己争取这一切的欲望。

And this time, it's for staying out late with a friend. So kind of, you know, very teenage behaviour. Clearly, she's she's you know, she's not cut out to be a maid of all work. But what that experience does is to open her eyes in a way that she wouldn't have done if she just stayed in her village to the kind of entire dimensions of luxury and leisure and fine living and the kind of beautiful clothes and the plentiful food that it can provide you with. And I think it gives her a desire to have that for herself.

但问题是，她才13岁，身无分文，是个从外省来到伦敦的乡下姑娘。她没有赞助人，除了最基础的教育外一无所有。

But the question, of course, she's 13 years old. She's penniless. She's an out of towner provincial in London. She doesn't have a patron. She doesn't have anything beyond the most rudimentary education.

那么问题来了，她要如何实现自己的梦想呢？

And so the question then is, how is she gonna fulfill her dreams?

没错。但显然，如果她母亲曾与豪宅里的某人有染，这就给了她一个效仿的先例。首先，她身上有演艺天赋，这很大程度上是性格使然，不是吗？她热爱伦敦这座公共娱乐之都。

Right. But, obviously, if her mother has had an affair with somebody in the big house, that would give her an example to follow. So for one thing, she has a show business side to her, and that's a question of temperament as much as anything, isn't it? She loves London is the place of public entertainment

是的。

Yeah.

剧院、舞会、游乐花园等等。显然都是性格使然。

Theaters, you know, dances, pleasure gardens, and so on. And clearly buy temperaments.

这就是为什么她被解雇——因为她深夜去集市玩。没错，她对伦敦提供的各种娱乐活动都充满热情。是的，当时伦敦的娱乐资源恐怕比地球上任何地方都要丰富得多。

That's why she gets sacked from her job because she's been out late at a fair. Right. She's very keen on kind of all the entertainments that London has to provide. Yeah. And which London probably more than anywhere else in the, you know, the face of the planet at that time provides in plentiful numbers.

是啊。所以她特别迷恋舞台油彩的气味这类东西。

Yeah. So she's great one for the smell of the grease paint and all that.

没错。但另一方面，她拥有的另一项特质——姑且这么说——是许多女孩所不具备的资本，那就是她的外貌。所有关于她的记载都提到她身材高挑、容貌出众。人人都说，她有一头耀眼的秀发。要知道，这样的女子令人过目难忘。

Right. But then the other thing, which isn't, let's say, an asset that a lot of girls would not have had, is her physical appearance. So everything we ever read about her says she's very tall, she's extremely striking. Everybody says, know, she's got brilliant hair. You know, you don't forget her.

那么此时她多大？12岁，13岁？13岁。13岁的年纪。而这时

So at this point, what is she? 12, 13 years old? 13. 13 years old. And this

你认为在这个年纪，13岁的女孩是否已经成为捕食者男性的猎物？当时没有法定同意年龄的概念。她独自在房间里做女佣。我怀疑到这个时候，她肯定已经遭受了相当程度的性骚扰，甚至可能是性虐待。但她将这种关注转化为优势，我认为她对自己吸引男性目光的能力产生了自信。

is an age where a 13 year old girl would already have been prey to predatory men, do you think? There's no age of legal age of consent. You know, she's been working as a housemaid alone in rooms. I would suspect that absolutely by this point she has suffered, you know, a fair degree of sexual harassment, maybe even abuse. She turns it to her advantage, I think, by feeling a sense of confidence in her ability to turn men's heads.

确实。

Right.

而且她相当自信能将其转化为对自己有利的局面。正因如此，当她被解雇女佣职位时，她做出了非常大胆且清醒的决定——前往伦敦最迷人、最臭名昭著、最令人兴奋的游乐场。这个地方长期以来女性数量远超男性，这个巨大的享乐中心叫做考文特花园。没错。

And kind of confident that she can turn it to her own ends. And that being so, she takes the very bold and conscious decision when she's sacked from her post as a housemaid to head to London's most glamorous, most notorious, most exciting playground. And this is a place where women have long outnumbered men. And it's a great centre of pleasure called Covent Garden. Right.

这个广场由伟大建筑师伊尼戈·琼斯在17世纪30年代设计，周围环绕着庄严的街道。但更外围是一圈贫民窟，其中最臭名昭著的当属圣吉尔斯贫民区。贺加斯那幅著名的讽刺版画《杜松子酒巷》描绘的正是此地。

And this is a piazza that had been designed back in the sixteen thirties by the great architect Inigo Jones. It's been ringed by stately streets. But beyond then, there's a kind of entire kind of doughnut of slums. And probably the most notorious of these is the rookery of Saint Giles. And this is where Hogarth in his great satirical cartoon sets Gin Lane.

酗酒的母亲、从台阶上坠落致死的婴儿，种种肮脏不堪的场景。讽刺艺术正是基于可怕的现实。用研究乔治亚文化的伟大历史学家维克·加特雷尔的话说，考文特花园同时存在着财富与肮脏、高雅娱乐与低俗消遣。18世纪下半叶，在这半平方英里的考文特花园广场，诞生了世界上第一个波西米亚文化圈，这里堪称乔治亚文化的绝对中心。伦敦两大剧院——德鲁里巷剧院和考文特花园剧院都坐落于此。

So, you know, drunk mothers, babies falling to their doom down steps, absolute scenes of squalor. I mean but satire draws on kind of horrific reality. So what you have in Covent Garden is wealth and squalor, high brow entertainments and low brow entertainments, to quote Vic Gatrell, the great historian of of Georgian culture. What developed in Covent Garden Square Half Mile in the second half of the century was the world's first creative bohemia, and it is the absolute epicenter of Georgian culture. So you have London's two great theatres, Drury Lane and Covent Garden.

这里有挤满了作家、剧作家和艺术家的咖啡馆，还有全世界最棒的购物体验。拿破仑曾嘲笑这个国家不过是小店主之国，而这里正是他们真正磨砺技艺的地方。考文特花园可能提供着全世界最优质的购物体验，但绝不仅限于购物。

You have coffee shops that are filled with writers and playwrights and artists, and you have the best shopping in the world. This is where, you know, the the nation that Napoleon will mock as just shopkeepers. This is where they're really honing their art. Covent Garden offers probably the best shopping in the entire world. But not just shopping.

对吧？我是说，那里有各种各样的商品在售卖。就这么说吧。

Right? Well, I mean, there are lots of things for sale. Let's put it like that.

没错，正是如此。所以我们能在考文特花园看到某种萌芽。那里基本上是个大型红灯区，充斥着扒手、流氓、站街女和妓女。

Yeah, exactly. So there's a what we might see as a seed in this to Covent Garden. It's basically a massive red light district. Yeah. And it's full of cut purses and ruffians and street walkers and prostitutes.

是的。凯特·威廉姆斯在她的艾玛传记中引用了一位兴奋游客的话，说考文特花园是维纳斯的大广场，其周边挤满了这位女神的实践者。也就是说那里有大量妓女，涵盖整个社会阶层——既有高端妓院，也有像《杜松子酒巷》里那种醉醺醺的站街女。条件好些的姑娘甚至有自己的年鉴。

Yeah. And so Kate Williams, in her biography of of Emma, quotes one very excited visitor who says Covent Garden is the great square of Venus and its perliws are crowded with the practitioners of this goddess. Right. Which is to say there are lots of prostitutes and spanning the entire social range, you have very high end brothels, but you also have kind of gin rattled street walkers of the kind that you see in Gin Lane. The healthier girls even have their own kind of almanac.

她们有自己每年出版的指南，叫《哈里斯考文特花园女士名录》，里面描述了她们的外形特征。为了让人们有个概念，我是说很多...

They have their own guide, which is published annually called Harris's List of Covent Garden Ladies, which gives descriptions of the form. So to give people a sense, I mean, many

这些人往往同时也是女演员，对吧？她们某种程度上也算是职业模特。所以你看，这些身份之间并没有明确界限——很容易就能从一种角色转换到另一种。

of these people would also be actresses. Right? And they'd also be kind of professional models. So there's you know, there's no clear divide between those different you know, you could easily slip from one of those roles into another one.

没错。吉尔·佩里在描述艾米莉亚时也说，卖淫和演戏的界限很容易模糊。这当然提供了巨大的机会。对于像艾玛这样美丽迷人、活力四射，却又贫穷、来自外省、没有支持网络的女孩来说，考文特花园提供的机遇是地球上任何其他地方都无法比拟的。

Yeah. So Jill Perry, again, describing this, Amelia, she says, pouring and acting were easily elided. Right. I mean, this provides massive opportunity, of course. And so for a girl like Emma, who is beautiful, charismatic, high spirited, but also poor, provincial, without a support network, Covent Garden provides opportunity like nowhere else on earth.

我是说，这既是巨大的机遇，同时也伴随着巨大的风险。她前往考文特花园时，实际上正将自己卷入一场高风险的红灯区版《傲慢与偏见》。

I mean, massive opportunity, but at the same time, massive danger. And essentially what she's embroiling herself in when she heads to Covent Garden is a kind of high stakes red light district version of Pride and Prejudice.

没错。因为一方面，目标是要找到一位赞助人。是的。我想如果能说服某个非常富有且人脉广泛的人娶她，那就更好了。

Right. Because on the one hand, the the prize, the goal is to get a patron. Yep. I mean, I guess even better would be if she could somehow persuade somebody very rich and well connected to marry her.

想象一下。

Imagine that.

是啊。但这很难想象。更可能的是她会成为某种情妇，我想就是被包养的女人。是的。如果做不到这点，你知道，随着时间推移，她就会在考文特花园的风尘女子阶梯上不断下滑。

Yeah. But that would be very difficult to imagine. Much more likely is that she'll become a kind of mistress, a kept woman, I suppose. Yeah. The downside is if you don't manage to do that, you know, over time, you descend the rungs of the ladder of the ladies of Covent Garden.

所以基本上，十年后你就会变成那个牙齿掉光、整天灌廉价杜松子酒的人。

So basically, in ten years' time, you're the person with no teeth who's just neck and nose gin.

没错。正是如此。整个少女时代，艾玛始终在这两极之间摇摆。她在德鲁里巷剧院找到工作——就是多米尼克剧院，你我曾激动登台的地方。

Yeah. Exactly. And throughout her teens, Emma is constantly kind of swinging between these twin poles. So she gets work at the theater at Drury Lane, Dominic, where you and I appeared, very excitingly. Yeah.

她在那儿当服装助理，给女演员们穿衣打扮，得以观察她们如何表演，逐渐摸透剧院门道。后来她被裁员，这是她人生的最低谷，一度沦落到流落街头。

And she worked there as a wardrobe assistant. So she's dressing actresses, and she gets a chance to study, you know, how how they put on a performance. She gets a feel for the theatre. Then she gets made redundant, and this is the lowest point of her life. She's kind of briefly reduced to walking the streets.

这是艾玛本人从未否认过的事实。后来她在生活中说道：'我因困苦而堕落，我的美德被征服了，但我的道德感并未被击败。'她在酒馆打工——这个时期女仆与酒馆女招待之间的界限相当模糊。

And this is something that Emma herself never denied. So later in life, she said, I own through distress. My virtue was vanquished, but my sense of virtue was not overcome. She gets jobs in taverns. Again, the kind of the boundary between our maid and tavern in this period is pretty narrow.

随后她开始兼职做艺术模特。最难以置信的工作是（连历史学家如加特雷尔都怀疑其真实性），但凯特·威廉姆斯的论证极具说服力——她最终为臭名昭著的江湖医生詹姆斯·格雷厄姆工作，此人在河岸街经营所谓'健康圣殿'。

And then she begins to supplement her work as an artist model. And her most improbable gig, which is so improbable that there are historians, fit Gatrell among them, who doubt it ever happened, but I think Kate Williams makes the case very convincingly that it did. She ends up working for a notorious quack doctor called doctor James Graham, who runs what he called a temple of health off the strand.

噢，我无法相信这事没发生过，我一直坚信确有其事。

Oh, I can't believe this didn't happen. I've always believed this did happen.

我认为确实发生过。凯特·威廉姆斯关于此事真实性的论证非常令人信服。

I think it did. Yeah. I think Kate Williams' arguments on this on the veracity are very convincing.

好吧。

Okay.

而且我也希望这事真实发生过（笑），所以我们采信这个说法。格雷厄姆医生是电疗法的狂热拥护者，实际上他与本杰明·富兰克林有些交情。

And also, I want it to have happened. So Right. We go with that. So so doctor Graham is he's a massive enthusiast for electrotherapy. He was actually a kind of an associate of Benjamin Franklin.

他痴迷泥浴——讽刺画家总爱描绘超级肥胖的男人被扔进泥浆桶的场景。引用凯特·威廉姆斯的描述：'他是顶级表演家，讲座堪称奇观，包含爆炸、烟雾、烟花、音乐，以及令伦敦人狂喜的——列队摆姿的魅惑女郎'。艾玛的角色是穿着极简古典服饰，在巨型床榻上扮演'健康玫瑰女神维斯蒂娜'。

He loves a mud bath. And, again, the kind of satirists always love drawing cartoons of enormously fat men being dropped into vats of mud. Right. And to quote Kate Williams, he was a supreme showman, and his lectures were extravaganzas featuring explosions, smoke, fireworks, music, and to London's utter delight, a phalanx of glamour girls posing in flimsy white dresses. And Emma's role was to pose on an absolutely enormous bed, dressed in a kind of very skimpy classical style costume and pose as Vestina, the rosy goddess of health.

这张床本身由40根工艺精美的玻璃柱支撑。有管道喷出香水，还有由躺在床下的人操作的曲柄让床垫晃动。时不时会有电流穿过床体，让人保持警觉。

And the bed itself is supported by 40 pillars of very finely worked glass. There are pipes that pump out perfume. There are kind of cranks that are operated by people lying under the bed to make the mattress jiggle. And every so often, there'll be a kind of jolt of electricity will go through the bed just to keep people on their toes.

等等，你是可以付钱自己去躺这张床的，而且不只是躺上去而已，对吧？

And hold on. You could pay to go and lie on this bed yourself and not just to lie on the bed. Right?

是的，每晚50英镑。

You could. You pay £50 a night.

那可真不少钱。

That's a lot of money.

你得相当富有才能负担得起。没错。本质上这是为已婚夫妇准备的，但当然并非如此——摄政王总会带着情妇们同住。

Have You to be very affluent to do that. Yeah. And, essentially, it's meant to be for married couples, but, of course, it isn't. The prince regent inevitably takes his mistresses with him.

艾玛在床上的角色，你知道，她并不是和那些已婚夫妇同眠。她在展示床的乐趣，示范躺在上面会是怎样的体验。说着'你们也可以像我一样躺在这张带电的奇妙床上'，然后她下来，换这些人上去。

And Emma's role on the bed, you know, she's not she's not sleeping with the married couples. She's exhibiting the the pleasures of the bed. She's showing off what you would look like if you lay on the bed Yeah. And saying, you can be like me and lie on this fantastic bed with the electricity. And and then she gets off, and these people get on it.

嗯，对，好吧。

Yeah. Right. Okay.

在这座健康殿堂之外，格雷厄姆竖立了裸体雕像，这些雕像过于撩人，最终使他因此被起诉。而艾玛则如同一尊活体雕像。这里或许预示了'姿态艺术'的理念——雕像活过来的概念。她的目标是躺在那里，既像女神般圣洁，又鼓励男人们行动起来完成他们该做的事。这可能是艾玛的人生转折点，14岁时她被伦敦最顶级、最吸血鬼化的老鸨夏洛特·海斯相中，这位化名凯利夫人的女人经营着最奢华的妓院。

So outside this temple of health, Graham has set up naked statues, which are actually so titillating that he ends up being prosecuted for them. And Emma is a kind of living statue. So there perhaps you have a presentiment of the idea of the the attitudes, the idea of a statue coming to life. And her her goal is to lie there and look like, you know, a goddess, but also to encourage the men to to get on and and do what they've got to do. And this is probably Emma's big break because it leads to her being talent spotted at the age of 14 by London's most exclusive and vampiric madam, a woman called Charlotte Hayes, who goes under the supercave of missus Kelly.

她的妓院是伦敦最高档的，不在考文特花园，而是位于更高端的圣詹姆斯区。艾玛是那里仅有的七八个女孩之一，与街头流莺天差地别——她拥有马车等各种奢侈品。

And her brothel is the classiest in London. It's not in Covent Garden. It's in much more kind of upmarket area of St James's. Emma is only one of seven or eight girls who works there, absolute world away from walking the streets. She has a carriage, all kinds of things.

她穿着剪裁精致、低胸的粉色礼服，会装扮成著名女演员的模样。但她永远无法在此致富，因为她基本算是凯利夫人的契约劳工。

She dresses up in very finely cut, low cut pink dresses. She she will dress as kind of famous actresses. She's never gonna be rich there because she's pretty much indentured to missus Kelly.

所以凯利夫人基本上卷走了所有收入？

So missus Kelly pockets all the winnings, basically?

完全正确。还会让她们负债——用酒水消费累积账单。但由于顾客都是顶级富豪，只有社会最顶层才消费得起。妓院里的女孩们总怀揣着中头彩的梦想。

Absolutely. And gets them in debt. You know, she'll kind of feed them drink and then kind of run up a tab. But because the clients are all so rich, I mean, only the absolute kind of the the top end of society can afford to go there. Obviously, there's always the hope for the girls in this brothel that they will hit the jackpot.

艾玛也梦想着遇到愿意为她赎身的男人。1781年，16岁的她似乎真的中了头彩——对象是个酗酒成性、热衷狩猎的多金乡绅，名叫萨哈里·埃弗斯顿·霍尔（至少我认为是这么发音的，姓氏拼作h-a-u-g-h）。

And, you know, Emma can dream of finding a man who will buy her out. And that, in 1781, at which point she is 16, that is the jackpot that Emma does seem to hit in the form of a very hard drinking, hard hunting squire called Saharrie Evereston Whore. At least I think that's how you pronounce it. It ends h a u g h.

明白了。

Okay.

问题是，多米尼克，这位达西先生是谁？

And the question is, Dominic, Yeah. Who is this mister Darcy?

好吧，我们先休息一下。休息过后，就能看到他浑身湿漉漉地从爱情湖中现身。我不知道这个比喻要表达什么，但总之现在是广告时间，很快回来。

Well, let's take a break. And then after the break, we can see him emerging dripping with water from the Lake of love. I don't know where I'm going with this analogy. But, anyway It's your commercial break quickly. Yeah.

我们最好进入广告时段。再见。本集由Uber赞助播出。你可曾有过这样的体验——当你最需要时，有人恰好出现？

We better get to the break. Goodbye. This episode is brought to you by Uber. Now do you know that feeling when someone shows up for

我们有时都需要这样的时刻，而Uber深谙此道。

you when you need it most? We all need that sometimes, and Uber knows it.

Uber不仅仅提供乘车或送餐服务，它代表着无论何时都会如约而至。

Uber isn't just a ride or a meal delivered. It's showing up no matter what.

就像为远方的朋友所做的那样：生病时送去热汤，低落时寄上鲜花。在真正重要的时刻，无论何事，你都会出现。只要有意愿，我们即刻启程。Uber，即刻出发。立即下载应用吧。

Like for your long distance friends, bringing soup when they're sick, sending flowers when they're down. When it really matters, whatever it is, you show up. Where there's a will, we're on our way. Uber, on our way. Download the app today.

嘿，我该怎么办？天啊，我该怎么办？我已经写了七封信，却杳无回音。

Hey. What shall I do? Good god. What shall I do? I've wrote seven letters and no answer.

我身无分文，无法进城。我连一个铜板都没有，感觉朋友们对我冷淡至极。我快疯了。看在上帝的份上，告诉我该怎么办。亲爱的格雷维尔，给我写信吧。

I can't come to town for want of money. I've not a farthing to bless myself with, and I think my friends looks coolly on me. I'm almost mad. Oh, for god's sake, tell me what's to become on me. Oh, dear Greville, write to me.

给我写信吧，G，一个犹太人，请相信我，永远属于你的艾米丽·哈特。这是一段档案录音。说真的，这是我唯一能模仿的西北口音，而且我觉得它甚至和任何地方都没关系。但实际上，我试图模仿的是那个出生时叫艾米·里昂的女孩，后来成为艾玛·汉密尔顿的女人，现在自称艾米丽·哈特。

Write to me, g, a Jew, and believe me, yours forever. Emily Hart. So that was an archive recording. I mean, that's actually the only Northwestern accent I can do, and it's not even I don't think even think it relates to a place. But, actually, what I was trying to do was channel the girl born as Amy Lyon, the woman who would become Emma Hamilton, and who for now was calling herself Emily Hart.

这些是她的原话，由Gold Hanger联合创始人托尼·帕斯特配音。是的。还有，唐纳德，

Those are her own words in the voice of the cofounder of Gold Hanger, Tony Pastor. Yeah. And, Donald,

值得一提的是，这是我们第一次听到她亲口说的话。

just to say, this is the first time we get to hear her in her own words.

哇。所以我很高兴能以她们应得的敏感和尊重对待这些内容。她现在自称艾米丽·哈特。她在问，我该怎么办？她处境糟透了，不是吗？

Wow. And so I'm glad I've treated them with the sensitivity and respect that they deserve. So she's now calling herself Emily Hart. She's saying, what shall I do? And she's in a terrible mess, isn't she?

她为何陷入这般困境？因为我们在休息前讲到，达西先生已经登场了

And why is she in such a mess? Because we left before the break. Mister Darcy had entered the story

是啊。

Yeah.

浑身湿透了。出什么事了？

Dripping wet. What's gone wrong?

这位哈里·费瑟斯通·霍尔，26岁，是朴茨茅斯的国会议员。他在苏塞克斯有座极其豪华的宅邸。结果证明他是个彻头彻尾的混蛋。

So so Harry Featherstone Hoare, who is 26 years old, he's the MP for Portsmouth. He's the owner of an absolute splendid pile in Sussex. He has turned out to be an utter shit.

哦，不会吧。

Oh, no.

要知道，艾玛很快就意识到了这点。所以她基本上是被哈里爵士买断了。他带她去自己在南唐斯的豪宅公园别墅，就那样把她留在那儿，供他自己和所有朋友取乐。

You know, it had not taken Emma long to realize this. So she has been basically bought out by sir Harry. He takes her to his his stately pile a park house on the South Downs and just kinda keeps her there for his own entertainment and the entertainment of all his mates.

但这就是计划啊。不是吗？这不正是她想要的吗？

But that was the plan. No? That was what she wanted.

没错。问题是这人根本不懂浪漫，因为他只对马感兴趣。你看，他作为朴茨茅斯议员，从没发表过一次演讲，总在忙着猎狐、赛马之类的。

Yeah. It is. The problem is that he's not really very romantic at all because all he's really into is horses. So, you know, he's MP for Portsmouth. He never he never once gives a speech because he's always off fox hunting or racing or whatever.

而且他痴迷赛马到这种程度——有位女性访客描述过，在阿普尔克宅邸里举办各种比赛：骏马、矮种马、阉马、女人、套着麻袋的男人。要我说，他这种人大概和彼得大帝会特别合得来。

And, actually, he loves racing so much that there's one female visitor who describes how, at Uppark House, there are races of all sorts, fine horses, ponies, cut horses, women, men in sacks. You know, he's the kind of guy that Peter the Great probably have got along with quite well.

是的，毫无疑问。

Yeah. Definitely.

所以艾玛，你知道，她尽了最大努力。她学会了骑马——这是一项必备技能，还得到了一套非常紧身的骑装，她对此爱不释手，就像对待彩虹糖一样。当然，这位了不起的名媛。但我觉得她非常孤独。

So Emma, you know, she does her best. She learns to ride, which is an essential skill, and she's given a a very tight riding habit, which she adores, like Skittles. Of course. The great courtesan. But I think she's very lonely.

而她唯一真正的朋友，是哈里爵士小圈子里唯一不喜欢打猎的男人。而哈里和他的朋友们都觉得这事特别可笑，完全无法理解。这个人在佩库尼厄斯的上流社会里人脉很广，但按贵族标准来看地位相对一般。

And her only real friend is the one man among Sir Harry's coterie who does not enjoy hunting. And also Harry and his friends. They all find this hilarious. Can't understand it at all. And this is a guy who is very well connected but relatively by the standards of the aristocracy in Pecunius.

他是沃里克伯爵的次子，名叫查尔斯·格雷维尔。艾玛在那封慌乱信件中称呼的正是这位格雷维尔。他真正的爱好是收集矿物标本。

He's the second son of the Earl of Warwick and his name is Charles Greville. And that's the Greville who Emma was addressing in her frantic letter. His real passion is for collecting minerals.

就像诗人威尔弗雷德·欧文，那位

Like Wilfred Owen, the poet, the

战争诗人。但由于其他人总外出打猎，他经常独自和艾玛相处，两人不可避免地越走越近，最终他彻底为她神魂颠倒。与此同时，哈里爵士的行为完全符合人们对乔治王朝晚期乡绅的预期——他让艾玛怀孕，分文不给就把她赶出家门，之后还拒收她的信件。

war poet. But since he is often alone with Emma while all the others are out hunting, inevitably, they're thrown together, and he ends up very besotted by her. Meanwhile, sir Harry has been behaving exactly as you would expect a late Georgian squire to behave. He gets Emma pregnant. He throws her out of the house without a penny, and he then refuses to answer her letters.

啊，哈里爵士。正因如此，1782年1月她才会给你引用的那封信给查尔斯·格雷维尔写信。当时她的处境极其绝望——已经临近分娩，身无分文。

Oh, sir Harry. And this is why in January 1782, she writes the letter that you quoted to Charles Greville. And her situation is desperate. She's heavily pregnant by this point. She doesn't have any money.

但当她在写那封信时，显然身处绝境，同时也在扮演某种角色。那是一种高度激昂的情绪语调。她刻意夸张以打动格雷维尔，用小说中受尽委屈的贵族女性的口吻来构建这封信。

But when she writes that letter, know, she clearly is in desperate straits, but she is also playing a part. It is the tone of kind of high wrought sentiment. She is deliberately exaggerating to appeal to Greville. She's framing it in the tones of a kind of a lady from a novel who has been badly treated.

这是部书信体小说。她被那个什么子爵——德·瓦尔蒙子爵——恶劣对待过。对，《危险关系》里的瓦尔蒙。

It's an epistolary novel. She's been poorly treated by the vicount or whatever his name is. Vicount de Valmont. Yeah. Valmont in liaison d'orgeoise.

实际上这招完全奏效了，对吧？因为他确实伸出了援手——

And actually, it completely works. Right? Because he he reaches out to

确实如此。毕竟他仍然疯狂迷恋着她。

He does. Well, he still massively fancies her.

没错。

Right.

于是几年后，他会非常骑士风度地形容她：'这是唯一一个与我同床共枕却从未让我感官产生丝毫厌恶的女人，世上再找不到比她更纯洁甜美的床伴了。'

So very chivalrously, a few years later, he he will describe her as the only woman I ever slept with without having ever had any of my senses offended, and a cleaner, sweeter bedfellow does not exist.

噢，好吧。

Oh, right.

这确实是极高的赞誉。

So that's high praise indeed.

是啊，极高的赞誉。

Yeah, high praise.

但他对艾玛提出了非常苛刻的条件。她必须在孩子出生那一刻就放弃抚养权，将其交给曾祖母。她必须抛弃旧名，从此不再是艾米·莱昂斯。这就是艾米丽·哈特诞生的缘由，她成了哈特夫人。

But he imposes very strict terms on Emma. So she has to give up her baby the moment that it's born, hand it over to her great grandmother. She has to discard her old name, so no more Amy Lyons. So this is why Emily Hart is then born. She's Mrs Hart.

而且她不得再与任何旧相识往来，从哈利爵士到所有亲戚。唯一能见的人是她母亲——从此刻起，母亲实质上受雇担任她的管家角色。

And she's to have no further dealings with any of her old acquaintances, from Sir Harry right the way down to her relatives. The only one that she can see is her mother, who effectively, from this point on, is employed as her kind of housekeeper.

一方面这听起来很残酷，但我想格瑞维尔会说：我这是在整顿她的处境，她会过得更好。实际上她很多旧相识都是些贪婪的老鸨之流，离开他们反而更好。

On the one hand, that sounds very harsh, but I suppose Greville would say, I'm cleaning up her situation, and she's gonna be much better off. And actually, a lot of her old acquaintances are kind of rapacious madams and stuff, so she's better off without them.

没错。我认为艾玛本能地理解这一点：格瑞维尔想要的不仅是肉体关系，更吊诡的是近乎相反的东西——一种贞洁与端庄的展示。于是格瑞维尔将她安置在帕丁顿村埃奇韦尔路附近，当时那里还算是伦敦的半乡村郊区。本质上，他要她扮演的角色是某种忏悔的玛德琳——一个被救赎的罪人，他似乎对此感到极度兴奋。

Yeah. And Emma, I think, instinctively understands this, that what Greville wants from her isn't just sex, but also oddly, the kind of almost the opposite, the kind of display of chastity and and modesty. And so Greville installs her just off the Edgeware Road in the village of Paddington, which is just a kind of semi rural outskirts of London at this point. And basically, the role he wants her to play is that of a kind of repentant Magdalene. A sinner has been redeemed, and he seems to have found this titillating in the extreme.

因此他刻意按照自己的喜好塑造她。她必须表现得极其端庄，彻底摒弃街头习气。而艾玛像吸墨纸般全盘吸收这些要求，这确实算是一种教育。

So he deliberately kind of moulds her to his tastes. She's to be very, very modest. You know, she's to cast off all the manners of the street. And Emma kind of absorbs this like blotting paper. So it is a kind of education.

某种程度上说，他是亨利·希金斯，而她则是伊丽莎·杜利特尔。

Well, he's Henry Higgins, and she's Eliza Doolittle to some extent.

我认为这完全是对应的。

I think that's exactly the parallel.

我是说，可以从两个角度来看待这件事。你采取的立场相当愤世嫉俗且对格雷维尔充满敌意——你认为他这么做是因为觉得刺激有趣。但他也可能真心喜欢她并想帮助她。

I mean, there are two subways you can view that. I would say you've taken a a stance, which is very quite cynical and and hostile to Greville. You know, he's doing this because he finds it titillating and stuff. He might also have done it because he genuinely likes her and wants to help her.

这两者并不互斥。我认为两种动机都存在。是的，他并非纯粹出于善心。

That you are not mutually exclusive. Right. I think both of those things are true. Yeah. He's not doing just out of charity.

他想从她身上赚钱。所以他确实把她‘拉皮条’了——不是作为妓女，而是作为艺术模特。他将她推销给当时公认的英国最伟大肖像画家（甚至超越皇家学院创始人约书亚·雷诺兹爵士），这位名叫乔治·罗姆尼的画家情感丰富、饱受困扰又才华横溢。

He wants to make money out of her. And so he does pimp her out, not as a prostitute, but as an artist model. Right. And kind of basically sells her as a model to the man who is widely regarded by this point as the greatest portrait painter in Britain, even greater than Sir Joshua Reynolds, the founder of the Royal Academy. And this is a man who's very emotional, very troubled, very brilliant, a guy called George Romney.

终其一生，罗姆尼都在寻找他的缪斯，最终在艾玛身上找到了。他完全痴迷于她的美貌、智慧、惊人的情感表达能力，以及她面部呈现万千情绪的天赋。她就像活过来的古典雕像——这成为贯穿她职业生涯的主题。诗人威廉·海利在1809年为罗姆尼写的传记中这样描述（当时艾玛仍活跃于社交圈）：

And all his life, he's been looking for his muse, and he finds her in Emma. He becomes absolutely obsessed by her, by her beauty, by her intelligence, by her incredible emotional literacy, her ability to convey through her face kind of vast numbers of emotions. And again, the way in which she seems like a classical statue come to life. So this is kind of a theme that runs throughout her career. To quote the poet William Hayley, who wrote a biography of Romney in 1809, so while Emma was still very much on the scene.

他写道：‘她的面容如莎士比亚的语言般，能以最迷人的真实与表达之妙，展现自然的所有情感与每种激情的渐变层次。’这也正是她姿态崇拜者们对她的描述。正是罗姆尼——这个称她为‘神圣艾玛’并为其创作70余幅画作的画家——让她（至少她的面容）声名鹊起，尽管罗姆尼本人并不在展览中展出画作。

And he wrote, Her features, like the language of Shakespeare, could exhibit all the feelings of nature and the gradation of every passion with the most fascinating truth and felicity of expression. And that's very much how admirers of her attitudes will also describe her. Right. And it is Romney who paints this woman who he calls his divine Emma over 70 times who makes her her her famous or at least her face famous. Because even though Romney himself is he doesn't exhibit paintings and exhibitions.

人们来到工作室，这些画作被制成印刷品，基本上就迅速走红。此时印刷机复制图像的机会正不断扩大。而艾玛乘上了这股浪潮的顶峰。她在多方面都出类拔萃——我是说，她取得如此成功有各种原因，你都能一一列举。

People come to the studio and prints are made of these paintings, and basically they go viral. The opportunities for the printing press to reproduce images by this point is kind of expanding all the time. And Emma rides the crest of that wave. And she's exceptional in various ways. I mean, all kinds of reasons why she becomes so successful, but you can list them.

她显然美得不可思议。那种独特的美貌——鹅蛋脸、大眼睛、轮廓分明的嘴唇，还有浓密的赤褐色头发。

She's obviously unbelievably beautiful. And her style of beauty. So she's got an oval face. She's got large eyes. She's got kind of very well defined lips, thick, auburn hair.

这完全符合那个时代的审美理想。她直视观众的方式是大多数模特所不具备的。有些画作中，即便她在扮演历史或文学场景里的角色，画面也惊人地鲜活，简直像是Instagram快照。特别是她扮演《仲夏夜之梦》里泰坦尼亚的那幅。

This absolutely corresponds to the kind of the ideals of beauty of the age. And the way in which she gazes directly at the viewer in the way that most models don't. And some of the paintings, even those where she's kind of playing a part in a historical or a kind of literary tableau, They are amazingly vivid. They look like kind of Instagram shots. So there's one in particular where she's playing the part of Titania in Midsummer Night's Dream.

她看起来就像正在野餐的少女快照，鲜活至极。她还像变色龙般多变——既能扮成修女，也能化身酒神女祭司，就是那些在忒拜高地上撕碎男人的狂女之一。此外还有她身份之谜。

And she looks like, you know, like a snap of a girl enjoying a picnic. Incredibly vivid. She's also very chameleon like. So she can be painted as as a nun, or she can be painted as a bacanti, you know, one of those women out tearing people to pieces up on the uplands of Thebes. And then there's the riddle of her identity.

她究竟是谁？这个神秘的艾玛·哈特是谁？因为大多数出现在印刷品上的女性本就声名显赫，她们是贵族——

The who is she? Who is Emma Hart? This enigmatic woman. Because most women who appear on prints are already famous. They are aristocrats.

或是女演员之类。但艾玛不是。这引发了绝对的痴迷，人们渴望了解她更多，能见到她本身就是种难以言喻的兴奋。

They are actresses or whatever. Emma isn't. And this generates an absolute obsession. People want to know more about her. The chance to meet her is a kind of incredible thrill.

当人们前来观看时，她穿着那种贴身的古典风格长袍，与那张巨大情色床上穿的款式极为相似。

And when people come and they watch her and she's dressed in this kind of clinging classical styles of robes, very similar to the kind that she'd worn on the the vast erotic bed.

当然，到了十八世纪末期，这种风格已经极为流行，你知道，人人都热爱这种新式穿衣自由和古典线条的理念，对吧？

And, of course, hugely fashionable at this point, late eighteenth century, you know, everyone's everyone loves all the idea of the kind of new freedoms of dress and the classical lines and so on. No?

是的。艾玛成为了这场时尚革命的代表人物。她基本上就是这场时尚革命中的凯特·摩丝。而我认为，罗姆尼扮演的角色就像是她的约翰·加利亚诺或亚历山大·麦昆。但这是非常协作的关系，因为艾玛本身就有独到的时尚品味。

Yeah. And Emma becomes the figurehead for that. She's basically the kind of Kate Moss of this revolution in fashion. And Romney, I think, is kind of playing the part of John Galliano or Alexander McQueen to her Kate Moss. But it is very collaborative because, of course, you know, Emma has absolutely her own sense of fashion.

她很清楚自己穿什么好看。你完全能理解为何她会成为这种即将席卷英国的新时尚风格的封面女郎。但如果说罗姆尼和伦敦的女性购物者都迷恋穿着古典服饰的艾玛，那么还有一位男性——多米尼克——更是为她神魂颠倒。

She knows what she looks good in. You can see why basically she becomes the pin up girl for this new style of fashion that will, you know, sweep Britain. But if Romney and the female shoppers of London adore Emma in her classical outfits, there is Dominic, another man who is even more bowled over by her.

这是格雷维尔的叔叔对吧？现在我们来说说另一个男人，纳尔逊-艾玛三角关系中的第三者。他就是英国驻那不勒斯公使，格雷维尔的叔叔，威廉·汉密尔顿爵士。我刚查过，他初次见到她是在...

This is Greville's uncle. Right? Now we come to the other man, the third man of the Nelson Emma triangle. And this is Britain's envoy to Naples, Greville's uncle, sir William Hamilton. And he first meets her when I've I've just checked.

他当时53岁。之前一直在外，过去五年都待在那不勒斯。1783年他回到英国时，妻子刚去世不久。而艾玛比他年轻35岁。

He was 53. So he'd been away. He'd been in Naples for the last five years. He comes back to England 1783, and his wife has recently died. And Emma is 35 years his junior.

那她当时多大？应该是十八九岁。对，没错，她那时十八九岁。

So that would make her what is she? She's in her late teens. Yep. Right? She's in her late teens.

而他53岁，却觉得她简直光彩夺目。我是说，他完全——用'痴迷'这个词会不会太重？不，一点儿也不。

And he's 53, but he thinks she is absolutely brilliant. I mean, he's completely he's is infatuated too strong? No. Not at all.

他完全被她迷住了。而艾玛呢，她就像那首流行歌曲里的女孩，对知识充满渴望。威廉·汉密尔顿则学识渊博，因为他是一位了不起的鉴赏家。

He's he's absolutely blown away by her. And Emma, in turn, you know, she's like the girl from the pulp song. She has a thirst for knowledge. And William Hamilton, you know, he's got a lot of knowledge because he's an unbelievable connoisseur.

他很喜欢那个花瓶，对吧？

He loves the vase, doesn't he?

他确实钟爱花瓶。当时庞贝和赫库兰尼姆正在被发掘，他可能比欧洲任何人都更了解希腊和罗马的花瓶。非常迷人。但多米尼克，他还是个狂热的火山学家。

He loves a vase. Pompeii and Herculaneum are being kind of dug up at this point. He probably knows more about Greek and Roman vases than anyone else in Europe at this point. Fascinating. But he's also a very keen volcanologist, Dominic.

好的。

Okay.

所以他经常攀登维苏威火山，而且他很有趣。他穿着考究，机智幽默，富有魅力。

So he's always climbing Mount Vesuvius, and he is he's fun. He's very stylish. He dresses well. He's witty. He's charismatic.

你明白他们为什么会相处融洽了。

You can see why they would get on.

这就是他总被忽视的一面，不是吗？我后来想到，当纳尔逊登场时，威廉·汉密尔顿被漫画家和讽刺作家彻底丑化成一个糊涂的老傻瓜，戴绿帽子的那种。

That's the side of him that's always lost, isn't it? I I was thinking about this. So later on, when Nelson enters the story, so William Hamilton is treated by cartoonists and by satirists as a total joke, as a doddery old fool who doesn't know what's going on. Cuckold. Yeah.

是啊，就像那种倒霉、软弱、可怜的失败者。但实际上他并非如此，他是个更严肃、更有魅力、更成熟的人。

Yeah. Just as a sort of a hapless, wet, weak loser. Yeah. And, actually He's not. He's a much more serious and more charming and more sophisticated person than that.

是的，而且格雷维尔此时并不介意，因为他开始对艾玛有点厌倦了。另外，他想结婚。他非常缺钱，而艾玛有点妨碍这个计划。你问过他是否对艾玛有感情吗？

Yeah. And Gravel, by this point, doesn't mind a bit because he's getting a bit bored of Emma, I think. And, also, he wants to marry. He's very short of cash, and, you know, Emma slightly gets in the way of that plan. You said, you know, does he does he feel fond for Emma?

我认为他有。他不想像哈里那样直接抛弃她。他想确保她的未来。于是他想出了一个绝妙的主意：为什么不把艾玛送到那不勒斯的威廉叔叔那里，让她成为威廉爵士的情妇呢？

Think he does. He doesn't want to do as a Harry and just dump her. He wants to secure her future. So he comes up with a brilliant wheeze. Why doesn't he send Emma to Naples to uncle William and she can become Sir William's mistress?

没错。于是他写信给叔叔说，看，我有个绝妙的主意，你觉得怎么样？威廉爵士回答说，好啊，太棒了。

Yeah. So he writes to his uncle and says, look, I've got this brilliant idea. What about it? And Sir William says, yeah. Great.

我是说，如果她同意的话。而格雷维尔撒谎说，是的，她完全同意。我告诉她了。其实他根本没告诉她，因为他知道她不会去。

I mean, if she's on for it. And Greville lies and says, yeah. She's absolutely on for it. I've told her. He hasn't told her this at all because he knows that she won't go.

没错。实际上她对格雷维尔非常忠诚。于是他骗她说，你先和你母亲去，我会一周后和你们会合。于是艾玛启程前往那不勒斯，花了一个月才到那里。

Right. She's actually very devoted to Greville. So then he gets her to go with her mother by saying, you go out and join, sir William, and I will join you a week later. So Emma sets off in Naples. It takes her a month to get there.

她在20岁生日那天到达，1786年4月26日。几天内她就意识到自己被骗了。格雷维尔彻底算计了她。艾玛心碎不已。令叔侄俩都没想到的是，她拒绝与威廉爵士同床。

She arrives on her 20 birthday, the 04/26/1786. And, you know, within days, she realizes that she's been tricked. Greville has completely sewn her up. And Emma is devastated. And to the surprise of both uncle and nephew, she refuses to go to bed with sir William.

我认为格雷维尔和威廉爵士都以为她会答应，觉得她是个及时行乐的女孩。当然，威廉这么想。但她没有。实际上，艾玛是个浪漫主义者，她已与格雷维尔私定终身。

And I think both Greville and sir William had assumed that she would, that she's a good time girl. Of course, will. But she doesn't. Actually, Emma is a romantic. She has plighted her troth to Greville.

要知道，她渴望他给予的安全感，我认为包括情感和经济两方面。她不愿就这样转而投向年迈的威廉爵士。那年七月，她写信给格雷维尔说：'若与你同在，我必杀你而后自尽'

You know, she she wants security that he provided, I think both emotional and financial. And she's not prepared to just kind of move on to the very aged sir William. And that July, she writes to Greville and said, if I was with you, I would murder you and myself

两人都是，格雷西。然而，随着时间的推移

both. Gracie. And yet, over time

然而。

And yet.

是啊。然而半年后，她仍在那不勒斯，最终对格雷维尔的热情逐渐消退。她开始思考：这究竟是算计还是什么？她决定：'终究还是与索里安同床吧'

Yeah. And yet, over time, so six months, basically, she's still in Naples, and eventually, you know, the flame of her ardor for Greville dies out, and she actually thinks now, is this just calculation or what is it? She thinks, I will go to bed with Sauriam after all.

她别无选择。身处异国又语言不通，否则将身无分文。确实如此。

She has no real choice. Right. I mean, what you know, the only choice she has, she's in a foreign country where she doesn't really speak the language. She she will be penniless otherwise. Yeah.

于是到了十二月，她写信给威廉爵士表示接受。不久后两人开始同寝。1789年起，她向访客强烈暗示自己与威廉爵士已婚，而威廉爵士也从不否认。1791年，二人返回英国后，威廉爵士甚至获得了国王的特许，正式迎娶艾玛。

So by December, she's writing to Sir William saying, yes. I love you. Soon afterwards, it seems she begins sleeping with him. By 1789, she's dropping heavy hints to visitors that she and and sir William are married, which sir William does nothing to deny. And then in 1791, sir William and Emma returned to England, and there, sir William, he's got the permission of the king himself to marry Emma.

1791年9月6日，在玛丽勒本的一场私人仪式上，陛下驻那不勒斯宫廷特使威廉·汉密尔顿爵士与前女仆兼街头流莺艾米·里昂结为夫妇。对艾玛而言，这显然是她所有梦想的实现——自从抵达那不勒斯那一刻起，威廉爵士就用马匹、华服、仆人、宅邸以及那不勒斯湾的绝美风光将她宠溺包围。如今作为合法妻子，她可以确信这一切都通过婚姻权利名正言顺地属于她了。但这绝非仅仅是物质层面的考量。

And on the 09/06/1791, in a private ceremony at Marylebone, sir William Hamilton, envoy of his majesty to the court of Naples, and the one time housemaid and streetwalker, Amy Lyon, become man and wife. And obviously for Emma, this is the fulfilment of all her dreams because right from the moment of her arrival in Naples, Sir William had been lavishing her with horses and dresses and servants and houses and gorgeous views over the Bay Of Naples and everything. And now, as his wife, she can be confident that all of these are hers by matrimonial right. But it's not just you know, she's not just being materialist about this.

人们很容易说这是纯粹功利性的冷酷关系，但所有证据都表明他们确实深爱彼此。他们相处极为融洽，他对她温柔体贴，始终给予鼓励支持。

She's surely I mean, it's easy for people to say this purely mercenary and cold blooded relationship. But all the evidence we have is that they actually were very fond of each other. They got on very well. That he is very nice to her. He's very encouraging.

后来确实有人嘲笑他——说他被迷得神魂颠倒，认为她完美无瑕之类。但显然他们共同生活了许多年，

He is I mean, people did mock him later on. They said, oh, he's infatuated with her. She can do no wrong. All of this kind of thing. But obviously, they lived together for many years Yeah.

非常成功且幸福。他是位

Very successfully and very happily. He's a

温柔深情的丈夫。而艾玛大半生都未曾得到过善意与爱怜，相比骏马华服，这些或许才是她更渴望的。

very kind and loving husband. And I think that that Emma, had been denied kindness and love for most of her life, this is what she'd wanted perhaps even more than kind of fine horses and clothes.

情感上的安全感、被尊重的感觉。在他眼中她找到了存在感，诸如此类的精神需求。

Emotional security, respect. She feels seen by him, all of those kinds of things.

没错，这至关重要。他既尊重又宠爱她。当他们的婚姻遭遇势利眼的嘲讽时（比如极度势利的荷兰夫人对此大加讥讽），威廉爵士会勃然大怒。

Yeah. And that's really important. He respects her as well as adores her. He is angered by the snobbery with which his marriage to her is greeted. So Lady Holland, a wig, very, very snobbish about it.

他应当欣赏她的美貌并不稀奇，但竟会喜欢与她为伴确实令人惊讶，因为她的粗俗鄙陋已登峰造极。这是霍兰德夫人的评价。

That he should admire her beauty is not singular, but that he should like her society certainly is, as it is impossible to go beyond her in vulgarity and coarseness. That's the opinion of Lady Holland.

没错。

Right.

但对威廉爵士而言，这种态度令他愤怒。我的意思是，或许因为他是女性美貌与品味的鉴赏家，同时也精通希腊花瓶。他能从她身上辨识出除惊人美貌外的诸多品质，包括她非常聪慧这一点。她童年未曾受过教育，因此带着自学成才者的那种热忱。

But Sir William, this kind of attitude infuriates him. I mean, maybe it's because he's a kind of connoisseur of female beauty and character as well as of, you know, Greek vases. He can recognise in her all kinds of qualities in addition to her incredible beauty. So those qualities would include the fact she's very smart. She's had no education as a child, and so she has that kind of autodidactic enthusiasm.

她渴望学习，不断自我提升。于是威廉为她请来法语教师。她极快地掌握了流利的意大利语。她与丈夫共享着同样的激情。

She wants to learn. She wants to improve herself all the time. So William gets her French teachers. She picks up very fluent Italian very, very fast. She shares in her husband's passions.

所以她总陪他攀登维苏威火山。她研习古典艺术，因而对威廉爵士钟爱的那些花瓶上的古典雕像与肖像极为熟悉。而这些又反过来滋养了那些姿态。

So she's always scrambling up Vesuvius with him. She studies classical art. So she becomes very familiar with the classical statues and portraits on vases and things that Sir William loves. And this in turn is what then feeds into the attitudes.

是的。在探讨姿态之前，提醒大家注意他们巨大的年龄差距——聊天室里西奥刚问到她多大？1791年结婚时她26岁，而他61岁。

Right. Now just before we come to the attitudes, just to remind people, there is a huge age gap here. I mean, Theo has just said in the chat, how old is she? She was 26 in 1791 when they got married. He was 61.

所以这确实是关系动态中极为关键的部分。但让我们回到姿态这个话题，你认为这才是她魅力的核心所在，而你也完全认同了。坦白说汤姆，你已彻底沉醉于这些姿态之中了。

So, you know, that's also part of the and a really, really important part of the dynamic. But let's get back to the attitudes because this is the core, you think, of her appeal, and you have totally signed up. I have. I mean, Tom, let's be honest. You have completely drunk the attitude.

我不想说被洗脑了，但我想让那个画面留在那里。告诉我们为什么这些姿态如此具有启示性、如此激进又令人兴奋。

I don't wanna say drunk the Kool Aid, but I just want to leave that image hanging there. Tell us why these attitudes are so revelatory and so radical and exciting.

我们直说吧，威廉爵士在这件事上绝对带点老色鬼的成分，我觉得。他就是那个负责调整灯光和舞台效果的人。

Let's be upfront. There is absolutely an element of the dirty old man about sir William in this, I think. He's the guy who kind of fixes the lighting and does the staging.

对。亲爱的，把你的裙子再撩开一点点。

Yes. Just pull your dress away a little bit more, my dear.

没错。这无疑是情色的，但同时又是博学的。所以在某种程度上，这是威廉爵士的梦想——既性感，又弥漫着那种...你懂的，

Yeah. There's no question that it is erotic, but it is also simultaneously learned. So in a way, it's Sir William's dream. Kind of sexy, but also redolent of, you know,

古董般的意境，真希望我花瓶上的维纳斯能活过来。

antique I wish that Venus on my vase would come to life.

噢，她已经活过来了。但远不止如此。如我开头所说，雕像仿佛活过来的奇观，花瓶图案被赋予血肉之躯——这种表演让整个欧洲的人们为之倾倒、狂喜和震惊，其中最著名的当属歌德。歌德的赞誉使艾玛的姿态表演成为欧洲最炙手可热的演出。

Oh, she has. But it's much more than that. You know, as I said at the beginning, spectacle of a statue seemingly coming to life, an image from a vase being given flesh and blood. It infuses and enraptures and astonishes people from across the whole of Europe, including most famously Goethe. And Goethe's praise makes Emma's attitudes basically the kind of hottest ticket in Europe.

她是国际巨星，是上流社会造访那不勒斯必看的风景。引用历史学家吉莉安·罗素的话：她对诗人与艺术家的想象力产生了塑造性影响，使艾玛成为新古典主义与情感主义融合的关键人物——这种融合后来演变为席卷欧洲的文化运动，即浪漫主义。因此，她将十八世纪对古典的痴迷与情感崇拜相结合，成为浪漫主义的伟大先驱。

She is an international star. She's a must see fixture for high society visits to Naples. And I will quote the historian Gillian Russell on this. She's a formative influence on the imagination of poets and artists, making Emma a key figure, Dominic, in the fusion of neoclassicism with sensibility that was to characterise the European wide cultural movement later known as Romanticism. So she is taking that eighteenth century obsession with the classical, fusing it with the great cult of sensibility, and she is the great precursor of Romanticism.

因此，她很可能与十九世纪最著名的两位男性——拿破仑和拜伦——非常相似。

So in that, she's very like probably the two most famous men of the nineteenth century, Napoleon and Byron.

你声称拜伦勋爵是十九世纪最著名的两位男性之一。

You're claiming that lord Byron is one of the two most famous men of the nineteenth century.

是的，当然。

Yes. Of course.

这真是个疯狂的说法，不过请继续。

That's a mad claim, but continue.

不，一点也不疯狂。我们就不深入讨论这个了。

No. It's not. Absolutely not. We won't go into that.

他比俾斯麦或迪斯雷利更有名。

He's more famous than Bismarck or Disraeli.

是的，远远超过。接着说。拿破仑和拜伦作为文化偶像闻名于世，他们的形象在一代又一代人心中萦绕。而艾玛没有那样的影响力，因为她的成就依赖于现场表演。

Yes. Massively. Continue. Napoleon and Byron are famous as cultural figures who haunt the imaginings of generation after generation after generation. Emma doesn't have that impact because what she is doing is dependent on on live performance.

因此，一旦她离去，关于此的记忆便会消退。但在她活跃期间，确实对诗人和艺术家们如何思考后来被称为浪漫主义的事物产生了巨大影响。这种态度的影响显然不仅限于思想层面，还深刻影响了英国的商铺与舞厅。艾玛对女性服饰逐渐转向古典风格产生了重大影响。她曾作为艺术模特，但如今凭借这些姿态，更成为欧洲最负盛名的时尚标杆。

And so once she's gone, memories of it fade. But while she's doing these, it clearly does have a massive kind of influence on the way that poets and artists are starting to think of what will come to be called the romantic. But the influence of these attitudes, obviously, you know, it's not just intellectual because it's also a huge influence on in the shops and the ballrooms of Britain. Emma is a massive influence on the kind of growing classical turn of women's dress. She'd been as an artist model, but even more now that she has these attitudes, the kind of the most famous floor show in Europe.

她作为设计师乃至购物者灵感源泉的能力，显然因工业化而得到极大推动——工业化实现了时尚的快速更迭。可以说，艾玛堪称最早期的伟大影响者之一。我们在与希拉里·戴维森合作的《摄政时期革命》特辑中也探讨过她的这一角色。她本质上对文化和消费行为都产生了重大影响。随着时间推移，连上流社会人士都开始效仿汉密尔顿夫人的穿着，足见其影响力。

Her ability to serve as a muse for designers and indeed for shoppers is obviously being massively fueled by industrialization, which enables kind of rapid turnover of fashion. And so again, I think you could say that Emma is kind of one of the first great influencers. And I think we actually we talked about her role in this in the episode on this we did with Hillary Davidson, the Regency Revolution. She is a major influence both on culture and on shopping, basically. And you can tell her impact that as the years pass, even members of the highest society start start to dress like Lady Hamilton.

甚至有人亲自称赞她。比如帕默斯顿夫人就说过：'H夫人令我非常惊讶——考虑到她的出身境遇，她的举止却极为得体。当然偶尔会流露出些许粗俗。'

Some even compliment her personally. So here is here is Lady Palmerston. Lady h is to me very surprising for considering the situation she was in. She behaves wonderfully well. Now and then, to be sure, a little vulgarness pops out.

我认为这更多是威廉的过错，他热衷低俗笑话，总诱导她参与那些不甚高明的故事。

I think it's more so William's fault who loves a good joke and leads her to enter into his stories, which are not of the best kind.

‘不甚高明’——这个说法很能说明问题，不是吗？基本上就是他希望她配合自己那些情色幻想。对吧？我不认为...

Not of the best kind. I mean, that's very telling, isn't it? That's basically he he wants her to play a part in his sort of erotic fantasies. No? I don't think it's

不仅如此。这反映了他们作为夫妻关系极为亲密，始终保持着团队合作。这也解释了艾玛对威廉爵士的另一重价值——作为政治操盘手。而艾玛的魅力之大，甚至能结交到比帕默斯顿夫人乃至荷兰夫人更显赫的人物，这位欧洲最有权势的女王就是明证。

just that. I think it reflects the fact in which they're very close as a couple and that they're always working as a team. And this, in turn, helps to explain the other way in which Emma is very useful to sir William, which is as a kind of a political operator. And it's the measure of Emma's charm that she's able to befriend someone far grander than, you know, Lady Palmerston even, than Lady Holland. And this is the most powerful queen in Europe.

因为玛丽亚·卡罗莱娜是哈布斯堡家族成员，玛丽·安托瓦内特的姐姐，同时也是波旁王朝那不勒斯与西西里国王费迪南多四世的妻子。实际上她才是王国的统治者，毕竟费迪南多是个十足的庸人。

Because Maria Carolina, she is Habsburg. She is the elder sister of Marie Antoinette, and she is the wife of the Bourbon king, Ferdinand the fourth of Naples and Sicily. Right. And she is effectively the ruler of his kingdom. And this is because Ferdinand is an absolute bore.

他是个十足的混蛋。

He's an oath. He's an absolute oath.

没错。约翰·萨格登精辟地形容他是个粗野夸张的小丑。就像另一位哈布斯堡成员弗朗茨·斐迪南那样，他对猎杀动物有着病态痴迷，酷爱打猎。

Yeah. John Sugden brilliantly describes him as a boisterous big featured buffoon. So like another Habsburg, Franz Ferdinand, he's absolutely obsessed with killing animals. He loves hunting.

他会追着朝臣满宫殿跑，把夜壶里的东西泼向他们。是的，或者朝他们扔青蛙之类的。这就是他所谓的乐子。

He would chase his courtiers around the palace with throwing the contents of a chamber pot at them. Yes. Or throwing frogs at them and stuff like this. That's his idea of a great laugh.

确实如此。班斯。他还有副尖细的假嗓，活像个尼安德特人，和嗓音低沉的玛丽亚·卡罗莱纳形成鲜明对比。

Yeah. Absolutely. Bans. He also has a very shrill falsetto. So he's like a Neanderthal, unlike Maria Carolina, who who has a very deep voice.

是的。

Yes.

所以这对夫妻很有戏剧性。但他荒淫无度，自然试图勾引艾玛。艾玛假装不懂他的暗示断然拒绝。玛丽亚·卡罗莱纳对此感激涕零，盛赞艾玛是贞洁楷模。不过只要艾玛还没嫁给威廉爵士，王后就不能正式接见她。

So they're an entertaining couple. But he's very dissipated and inevitably, therefore, had tried to seduce Emma. But she had pretended that she had no idea what what he meant by these advances and rebuffs them. And Maria Carolina is very grateful for this and hails Emma as an absolute model of virtue. But obviously, for as long as Emma is not married to Sir William, she can't receive her.

要知道那在当时是大忌。但她总怂恿威廉爵士给艾玛名分。如我们所知，他们如期去英国完婚。从英国返回那不勒斯的途中，他们在巴黎稍作停留——那是1791年，路易十六和玛丽·安托瓦内特逃亡失败被押回巴黎的三个月后。

You know, that would just be an absolute no no. But she's always encouraging Sir William to make an honest woman of Emma. They duly go to England and get married, as we've heard. And on their journey back to Naples from the, you know, the time they spent in England when they got married, they have a stopover in Paris. And this is 1791, and it's three months after the abortive escape made by Louis the sixteenth and Marie Antoinette, which gets stopped at Varennes, and they get brought back.

威廉爵士和艾玛在国民议会期间，路易十六被迫接受了激进的宪法，这实质上将他定位为立宪君主。我们在法国大革命系列中讨论过这一点。你知道，他被迫坐在一把简陋的椅子上。

And sir William and Emma are in the assembly when Louis the sixteenth is forced to accept the, you know, the radical constitution, which classes him essentially as a constitutional monarch. And we've we've done this in our series on the French revolution. You know, he's forced to sit on a a a kind of plain chair.

帽子戏法。好多关于帽子的桥段。

Stuff with hats. A lot of hat action.

确实有很多帽子戏法。没人摘帽子，他感到非常沮丧和屈辱。玛丽·安托瓦内特自然也是如此。尽管玛丽亚·卡罗莱纳曾拒绝接见艾玛，但玛丽·安托瓦内特并不在意。她见到艾玛后，给了她一封信带给自己的姐姐。

Lots of stuff with hats. Nobody takes the hats off, and he's he's very upset and humiliated. As, of course, is Marie Antoinette. Even though Marie Carolina had refused to receive, Emma, Marie Antoinette doesn't care about this. She sees, Emma and gives her a letter for her elder sister.

对艾玛来说，你可以想象，这简直太棒了。这使她成为唯一既见过玛丽·安托瓦内特又与纳尔逊同床共枕的人。相当了不起的成就。没错。

And for Emma, I mean, you can imagine, this is this is amazing. And it enables her to rank as the as the only person who meets both Marie Antoinette and sleeps with Nelson. So Nice. That is quite an achievement. Yep.

她以威廉夫人的身份——即汉密尔顿夫人——回到那不勒斯一个月后，首次受邀与玛丽亚·卡罗莱纳进行私人会面。艾玛向她谈起玛丽·安托瓦内特时情绪激动，为后者的处境悲痛不已，当场泪如雨下。玛丽亚·卡罗莱纳深受感动。不久后，威廉爵士和艾玛便受邀到卡塞塔——相当于那不勒斯的凡尔赛宫——度过狩猎季，很快她就与女王成了亲密无间的挚友。

And a month after she's got back to Naples as the William's wife, as Lady Hamilton, she's invited to her first private audience with Maria Carolina. And Emma talks to her about Marie Antoinette, and she's so emotional about it. She's so overcome with sorrow for Marie Antoinette's situation that she bursts into tears. And Maria Carolina is incredibly touched by this. And soon after, sir William and Emma are invited to spend the hunting season at Caserta, which is the kind of the great Neapolitan Versailles, and it isn't long before she and the queen are absolute intimates.

没错。对玛丽亚·卡罗莱纳来说，艾玛在英国遭遇的势利眼在那不勒斯并不常见。她只是个外国人。而且艾玛很有趣，很会逗乐子。

Right. And for Marie Carolina, the snobbery that would surround Emma in England is not quite the same in Naples. She's just a foreigner. And Emma is fun. Emma's a good laugh.

艾玛没有被宫廷派系斗争污染。政治上她们立场一致，对吧？因为艾玛是典型的工人阶级野心派托利党人，既是保皇派又是反动派。

Emma's not, you know, sort of tainted by the factionism of the court. Yeah. Politically, they're on the same page, aren't they? Because Emma is a classic working class aspirational Tory. She's a big royalist and a big reactionary.

是的。她热爱国王和女王。绝对如此。但同时，你也知道，她曾为女演员们担任过侍女。她的人生阅历赋予了她资源，我认为这使她能与玛丽亚·卡罗莱娜相处得非常好。

Yeah. She loves kings and queens. Absolutely. But also, you know, she has been a lady's maid to actresses. She has resources in her lived experience that enable her, I think, to get on very well with with Maria Carolina.

正如你所说，她们用意大利语和法语交流意味着女王没有机会嘲笑艾德玛的兰开夏口音——她终生都保持着这种口音。与此同时，法国大革命正逐渐变得血腥，路易十六被送上断头台，玛丽·安托瓦内特也被处决。战争的阴云正在欧洲上空聚集。

And as you said, the fact that they're communicating in Italian and French means that there's no opportunity for the queen to sneer at Edema's Lancastrian accent, which she keeps all her life. Right. Meanwhile, of course, the French revolution is starting to become bloodier Louis XVI was sent to the guillotine. Marie Antoinette is sent to the guillotine. And the storm clouds of war are gathering over Europe.

玛丽·卡罗莱娜对法国人感到恐惧是可以理解的。艾玛想帮助皇家海军在地中海获得港口，基本上两位女性的利益是一致的。1793年，当年轻的霍雷肖·纳尔逊上校抵达那不勒斯，任务是向费迪南德四世招募军队以参与土伦围城战时，正是艾玛为他打通权力关节，为英军争取到了围城所需的增援。因为那不勒斯对英国在地中海至关重要，他们的基地实在太少了。

And Marie Carolina understandably is terrified of the French. Emma wants to help secure ports in the Mediterranean for the Royal Navy, and basically the interests of the two women coincide. And in 1793, when a young captain called Horatio Nelson arrives in Naples with the task of recruiting from Ferdinand the fourth troops that could join the siege of Toulon, It is Emma who oils the wheels of power for him and sources him the reinforcements that the British need for the siege. Right. Because Naples is crucial for the British in the Mediterranean because they have so few bases.

没错。如果他们能获得那不勒斯的支持——这显然是一个反动的反革命政权——那将是巨大的助力。这就是为什么威廉爵士（他基本上是驻那不勒斯的大使）和他的妻子如此重要。

Yeah. And if they can get the support of Naples, which is obviously a reactionary anti revolutionary power, that would be a massive, massive boost. And that's where sir William, who is basically the ambassador in Naples, and his wife are so important.

是的。纳尔逊对艾玛非常感激，对她印象深刻。他看到她与女王的亲密关系，认为这非常了不起。还有她对外语的掌握能力。

Yes. And Nelson is very, very grateful to Emma, very impressed by her. He sees her her intimacy with the queen. He thinks that's very impressive. Also, command of foreign languages.

纳尔逊在语言方面一窍不通。他也对此印象深刻。他被她的魅力、美貌以及对法国人的强烈厌恶所打动——当然，纳尔逊也同样憎恨法国人。所以我想他离开那不勒斯时或许怀有一丝柔情。之后纳尔逊便离开了。

Nelson's hopeless with languages. He's also very impressed by that. And he he's impressed by her charm, by her beauty, and by her strong dislike of the French, which, of course, Nelson also has. And so I think he does leave Naples with a a certain tendress perhaps. Nelson then goes off.

要知道，他一直在地中海和大西洋上航行，根本没时间想艾玛，几乎把她忘了。与此同时，艾玛和女王蜷缩在一起，担心革命会蔓延到那不勒斯。到了1798年，革命似乎已在那不勒斯城门外涌动，因为城市街道上骚动不安，到处都是雅各宾派。1798年2月，法国人占领了罗马——那里离那不勒斯近在咫尺。

You know, he's sailing around the Mediterranean and the Atlantic all the time, doesn't have time for Emma at all, barely thinks of her. And meanwhile, Emma and the queen huddle together kind of dreading that revolution will come to Naples. And by 1798, it seems that the revolution is kind of lapping at the gates of Naples because the streets of the city are absolutely seething. There are Jacobins out there. And in February 1798, the French occupy Rome, which is no distance at all from Naples.

与此同时，那不勒斯正流传着一个惊人的消息：革命共和国最伟大的将军拿破仑·波拿巴正率领一支庞大的法国特遣队从土伦港起航。这个地中海南部的要港曾被英国短暂占领后又失守。如今拿破仑的舰队正从那里出发，无人知晓其真正目的地。而艾玛坚信拿破仑的目标是攻占那不勒斯，征服意大利南部。于是她写信给英国海军最高指挥官圣文森特伯爵求救：‘请快来拯救我们，我们正成为那个可怕的怪物波拿巴的目标。’

Meanwhile, news is sweeping Naples that a massive French task force under the greatest general of of the revolutionary republic, Napoleon Bonaparte, is setting sail from Toulon, the great port on the South Of Mediterranean that the British had briefly captured and then lost again. And now a fleet is sailing out from it under Napoleon, and nobody knows where it's going. And Emma is convinced that Napoleon is heading for Naples to conquer the South Of Italy. And so she writes to the supreme, commander of the British Navy, the earl of Saint Vincent, and says, please come and rescue us. You know, we are we we are the target of this terrifying monster Bonaparte.

于是文森特郑重承诺援助，并表示：‘将由我麾下一位武艺超群的骑士负责此次行动，他很快就会出现。’多米尼克，这位武艺超群的骑士是谁？正是霍雷肖·纳尔逊。

And so Vincent duly promises assistance, and he says it will come, under the command of a knight of superior prowess in my train who is charged with this enterprise and will soon make his appearance. And, Dominic, who is this knight of superior prowess? It is Horatio Nelson.

但当然，拿破仑——我们之前在纳尔逊系列中讨论过——纳尔逊和他的舰长们确实怀疑过拿破仑是否要进攻那不勒斯，这确实是他们担忧的事。但实际上拿破仑的军队是冲着埃及去的，对吧？而纳尔逊确实途经那不勒斯，还给艾玛留了张便条。

But, of course, Napoleon I mean, they did think you know, we we talked when we did the Nelson series about how Nelson and his captains did wonder if Napoleon was heading for Naples. It was a real concern of theirs. But Napoleon and his armament are actually heading for Egypt, aren't they? And Nelson does he does pass Naples, and he sends Emma a note.

确实如此。他给她写了封信说：‘我希望能很快亲吻您的手。’

He does. He sends her a letter and says, I I hope to kiss your hand very soon.

但这只是他表现骑士风度的客套话，对吧？并没有什么特别的深意。

But that's just him being gallant as he you know, being polite and gallant. Right? That's not there's no significance there particularly.

是的，我也这么认为。

Yeah. I think so.

但难道不是有个传闻说席奥不得不再度打点关系吗？因为他去了锡拉库扎，而他并不打算——

But isn't there some story that Xi does have to grease the wheels again because he goes to Syracuse, and he's he's not gonna

被允许进入？是的。人们可能记得纳尔逊正在寻找法国舰队，却找不到。整个地中海都在他掌控之下，这就像大海捞针。他一路航行到埃及，基于拿破仑可能前往那里的假设。

be let in? Yeah. So so people may remember that Nelson is looking for the French fleet, he can't find it. He's got the whole of the Mediterranean. It's like looking for a needle in a haystack, and he sails all the way to Egypt on the assumption that Napoleon might be going there.

那里什么都没有。然后他返回西西里的锡拉库扎，被告知拿破仑确实正前往埃及。但这就像给汽车加油，他需要补给才能完成返程。

There's nothing there. He then sails back to to Sicily, to Syracuse, where he's told, oh, yeah. Napoleon is just you know, he is bound for for Egypt. But it's like kind of a filling your par with petrol. He needs supplies to make that journey back.

锡拉库扎的指挥官拒绝让他进入并拒绝提供补给。是艾玛去找了王后和国王，筹措了物资。纳尔逊这才得以向东航行。8月1日，他在阿布基尔湾取得了对法国人的辉煌胜利，这场胜利为我们上一季画上了句号。

And the commander of Syracuse refuses to allow him in and refuses to give him supplies. And it is Emma who goes to the queen, goes to the king, sources the supplies. And Nelson is then able to sail off eastwards. And on the August 1, he duly wins his great incomparable victory over the French at Abakir Bay. And that was the victory with which we ended our previous season.

是的，尼罗河战役。对纳尔逊来说这是绝对的巅峰时刻，正如他信中所写，这是一场对法国人的彻底碾压式胜利。他写信给威廉·汉密尔顿爵士了，对吧？

Yeah. The Battle of the Nile. So that was an absolutely transcendent moment for Nelson. Just a crushing, crushing victory over the French as he wrote to. So he writes to sir William Hamilton, doesn't he?

'胜利'这个词都不足以形容我所经历的场面。

Victory is not strong enough a name for such a scene as I have passed. Yeah.

他确实写了。

He does.

所以威廉和汉密尔顿夫人欣喜若狂，不是吗？

And so William and lady Hamilton are absolutely thrilled, aren't they?

是的。艾玛立刻将这消息转告女王，向她报告英勇的纳尔逊战胜可憎的法国人这一喜讯。当然，她还特意打扮成纳尔逊风格——订制了一件绣着金锚的礼服，披着海蓝色披肩。

Yeah. So Emma immediately passes the news on to to the queen, informing her of the joyful news of the great victory over the infernal French by the brave gallant Nelson. And, of course, she she dresses up a la Nelson. She has a dress specially made for her decorated with gold anchors. She has a sea blue shawl.

她戴着刻有'纳尔逊与胜利'字样的发带。9月22日，当纳尔逊乘坐旗舰'先锋号'抵达那不勒斯湾时（尴尬的是这艘失去桅杆的船不得不被拖曳入港），她和威廉爵士是最早登舰的人。艾玛沉浸在狂喜与爱国情绪中，直接扑向那位伤痕累累的海军上将。而纳尔逊——正如我们上季所见——本就是戏剧性情感的狂热爱好者。

She wears a hairband inscribed Nelson and victory. And when on the September 22, Nelson arrives in the Bay Of Naples on his flagship, the Vanguard, rather embarrassing that the Vanguard has to be towed in because it's lost its mast. She and sir William are basically the first to arrive on the deck. And Emma is in an absolute lather of joy and patriotism, and she hurls herself onto the very battered and maimed admiral. And Nelson, who is, of course, himself, as we saw in our previous season, a great enthusiast for histrionic emotion.

他自己就沉溺于此，也欣赏他人的这种表现。他完全被迷住了。他给远在诺福克郡阴雨绵绵的教区宅邸里日渐憔悴的妻子范妮写信道：'夫人飞扑过来，高喊着「天啊，这是真的吗？」随即跌入我怀中，半死不活。'

I mean, he indulges in it himself, and he enjoys it in other people. He's completely charmed. And he writes to Fanny, his wife, who is mouldering away in a rectory back in rainy Norfolk. Up flew her ladyship and exclaiming, oh, God, is it possible? Fell into my arms more dead than alive.

凯特·威廉姆斯在艾玛传记中指出，纳尔逊被她的表演如此陶醉，以至于暂时忘记自己只剩一条手臂。

And Kate Williams, in her biography of Emma, points out that so entranced was Nelson by Emma's display that he had temporarily forgotten he had only one arm.

噢，这可不妙。对我们这些纳尔逊的铁杆粉丝来说很不妙。但是汤姆，这些铺垫究竟要引向何处？我们周一就会揭晓——届时将继续讲述霍雷肖·纳尔逊的生平与胜利征程。

Oh, that's ominous. That's very ominous for those of us who are big Nelson fans. But, Tom, where is this all leading? Well, we will find out on Monday. Because on Monday, we will be resuming the great journey through the life and victories of Horatio Nelson.

我们将聚焦纳尔逊在那不勒斯的经历：他是否再创辉煌？我们还将剖析他与汉密尔顿夫人的传奇恋情，追随他远征波罗的海直至哥本哈根战役。

We'll be looking at Nelson in Naples. Does he cover himself in glory or not? We will find out. We will be examining the great romance of Nelson and Lady Hamilton. We'll be following him all the way to the Baltic and the battle of Copenhagen.

或许有人会说：'他们接下来要讲什么？特拉法尔加战役不是做过了吗？'但汤姆，我们可是不折不扣的爱国播客。特拉法尔加战役纪念日临近，虽然做过专题，但当时是从我们的视角出发的，对吧？

And then now some people may say, oh, what would they do then? Because they did a series about the battle of Trafalgar. But, Tom, we are nothing if not a patriotic podcast. The anniversary of the battle of Trafalgar is approaching. And although we have done it, we did it very much from our perspective, didn't we?

我们从未从纳尔逊的视角讲述过这段历史。是的。所以我不知道你怎么想，但我认为我们应该通过纳尔逊的眼睛来看特拉法加。

We never did it from Nelson's perspective. Yeah. So I don't know what you think, but I think we should probably do Trafalgar through Nelson's eyes.

我认为我们绝对应该这么做。

I think we absolutely should.

我觉得这正是听众想听的。

I think that's what the people want.

没错。我们不仅是爱国播客，更是人民的播客。听众想听什么，我们就做什么。非常接地气的播客。因为

Yeah. We're not only a patriotic podcast, but we're the people's podcast. And what the people want, we do. Very much the people's podcast. And because

我们热爱听众，想让大家有机会提前收听整个系列，第一时间听到内容。

we like people, we want to give people an opportunity to hear all that series early, to hear it straight away.

因为我们满怀赤诚，对吧？我们真心实意。就像艾玛那样。

Because we're all heart, aren't we? We are all heart. Like Emma.

呃，我是说，你当然可以自比艾玛·汉密尔顿。但我对这些态度仍持保留意见。'历史余韵'俱乐部的会员们——我们最忠实的听众——可以抢先收听即将推出的纳尔逊系列全集。从周一开始就能获取全部内容。若您尚未加入会员，未能享受会员专属福利，可前往restishistory.com注册。

Well, I mean, know, you can liken yourself to Emma Hamilton if you like. I'm still a little bit more skeptical about the attitudes. Members of the Rest is History Club, our very own attitudes audience, can get access to the entire upcoming Nelson series. You will get it all from Monday. And if you're not already a member and you're not enjoying the host of benefits that come with membership, then you can sign up at the restishistory.com.

那么在你去做那件事的同时，就由我来说吧，汤姆，那真是精彩绝伦。这为我们提供了一个绝佳的视角，得以窥见乔治时代的伦敦以及这位非凡人物的生平——不得不说，我觉得你对威廉·汉密尔顿爵士颇有好感。我想你已经深深着迷了，不是吗？

So while you go and do that, it falls to me to say, Tom, that was absolutely fascinating. A brilliant window into Georgian London and to the life of this extraordinary character with whom I have to say, I think you have rather like sir William Hamilton. I think you have you have rather fallen in love, haven't you?

就像我们将在下集看到的霍雷肖·纳尔逊那样——不过这两者并不相同。非常感谢大家的收听，再见。再会。

Rather like Horatio Nelson, as we will see in the next episode. That is not the parallel. Thank you very much, everyone, for listening. Bye bye. Goodbye.