610. 纳尔逊：哥本哈根之战（第三部分）

我认为好莱坞没把这类题材拍成电影的唯一原因，就是场面太复杂昂贵了，这完全是电影级的场景。

I think the only reason that Hollywood hasn't made films of these kinds of things is just so complicated and expensive because it's such a cinematic scene.

英国船只大多把炮口漆成深黄和黑色。

The British ships, most of them have painted their holes dark yellow and black.

就是伍尔弗汉普顿流浪者队的颜色，汤姆。

So the Wolverhampton Wanderers colors, Tom.

也是朴茨茅斯胜利号战舰的访客们会看到的颜色。

And the colors that visitors to HMS Victory at Portsmouth will have seen.

确实如此。

Exactly.

所以它们看起来壮观无比，

So they look incredible,

而且它们移动得非常缓慢，这是显而易见的。

and they move very slowly, obviously.

它们像是在滑行进入战斗位置。

They're kind of gliding into position.

甲板已清空，准备战斗。

Their decks have been cleared for action.

你知道，那场面一定令人叹为观止。

You know, what a sight they must have been.

光是这景象就足够震撼。

Just the spectacle of it.

我总在想这些海战，尤其是纳尔逊指挥的那些，关键在于逼近敌舰并造成最大伤害。

I always think in these naval battles, particularly under Nelson, where the point is to get up very close and inflict maximum damage.

这并非传统战役的常规打法。

This is not what conventionally happens in battles.

即将爆发的难以想象的暴力与战舰缓慢庄严地滑向敌阵形成的反差，必然将紧张感推向一个异常的高度。

That the contrast between the unbelievable violence that is threatening and the slow and stately pace with which the ships glide towards their enemies must ratchet up the tension to a peculiar degree.

毫无疑问。

Definitely.

没错。

Yeah.

一名海军学员对君主号有着精彩的描述，当时它位于队列后方。

There's a wonderful description by a midshipman on the monarch, was near the back of the line.

这个人名叫威廉·苏丹·米勒德。

And this is a guy called William Sultan Millard.

我稍后会再次引用他的话。

I'll quote him again later.

他说当他看到埃德加号率先转向时，那是他一生中见过最壮丽肃穆的景象。

He said when he saw the Edgar leading the way as they sort of begin their turn, it was the most beautiful and solemn spectacle he'd seen in his life.

一艘扬帆的战舰在任何时候都是美丽的，但在那一刻，场景之美已超越语言能描述的极限。

A man of war under sail is at all times a beautiful object, but at such a time, the scene is heightened beyond the powers of description.

我们看到她顶着敌人的炮火奋勇前进。

We saw her pressing on through the enemy's fire.

这就是埃德加号。

This is the Edgar.

整艘船上弥漫着肃穆的敬畏，除了舵手和领航员，无人言语。

Our minds were deeply impressed with awe, and not a word was spoken throughout the ship, but by the pilot and the helmsman.

是啊。

Yeah.

那种沉默源于人们深知：很快他们脚下的甲板就将被炮火和狙击撕碎。

That silence of people knowing that very soon they're going to be standing on a deck that is going to be ravaged and raked by cannon fire and sniper shot.

我是说，哇哦。

I mean, woah.

更富戏剧性的是，哥本哈根的市民们都出来围观这场海战。

And what makes it even more cinematic, the sense of spectacle, is that the people of Copenhagen have come out to watch.

成千上万的人聚集在水边，码头上、阳台上、屋顶上都挤满了人。

So there are thousands of people, crowds on the waterfront, people packed onto the quays, onto the balconies, onto the roofs of the houses.

他们观看着，仿佛这是一场盛大的体育赛事。

They're watching it as though it's a great sporting occasion or something.

纳尔逊就喜欢有观众，不是吗？

Well, Nelson loves an audience, doesn't he?

从某种意义上说，他就像一位伟大的戏剧家。

I mean, in a way, he's a kind of great dramatist.

是的。

Yes.

没错。

Exactly.

于是埃德加号领航绕过中段，从南面驶入国王深水区。

So the Edgar leads the way around the middle ground and comes up from the south into the king's deep.

前方是城堡炮台、停泊在港口的18艘丹麦战舰队列，以及两座丹麦要塞，它们都已准备向入侵者开火。

And ahead are the Citadel Batteries, the line of 18 Danish ships moored in the harbor, and the two Danish forts, and all of them are making ready to fire on the invaders.

第一轮炮击大约在10点15分开始。

The first shots come at around 10:15.

第一艘丹麦战舰'普利维斯坦号'

The first Danish ship, the Privestenen

真精彩。

Love it.

向埃德加号开火了。

Opens fire on the Edgar.

然后英国军舰一艘接一艘地沿战线前进，其他丹麦军舰也开始开火。

And then one by one, the British ships move up the line, and other Danish ships start firing too.

于是港口上空雷声轰鸣，硝烟弥漫，整个场面就是这样。

So you have a crash of thunder and smoke pouring above the harbor and all of this kind of thing.

烟雾实在太浓了，出来观战的人们根本看不清战况。

Which is so thick that the people actually who've come out to watch can't see it.

是啊。

Yeah.

真扫兴。

Disappointing.

对于军舰本身来说，其实很难分辨到底在向谁开火。

And for the ships themselves, I mean, you know, again, it's actually quite hard to distinguish who you're firing at.

没错。

Right.

这种轻微的混乱感因为后方的情况而加剧——不出所料，部分英国军舰开始搁浅在浅滩上。

And this slight sense of chaos is heightened by the fact that further back, not unpredictably, some of the British ships have started to run aground on the shoals.

是的。

Yeah.

这才是最严重的问题。

And this is the big the big issue.

尽管这位叫Ryu的人做了很多努力，但他们还是很难判断浅滩的边界。

So for all the efforts of this guy, Ryu, it's really hard for them to work out where the shoals begin and end.

其中三艘军舰——阿伽门农号、贝罗娜号和拉塞尔号——尤其严重地搁浅了。

Three of them, in particular, Agamemnon, the Bellona, and the Russell have got stuck.

这意味着他们仍能向丹麦人开火，但他们自己也成了活靶子。

So that means that they can still fire at the Danes, but they're kind of sitting ducks themselves.

他们基本上被困在那里动弹不得。

They're just sort of stuck there.

这也意味着纳尔逊的战线现在缩短了，要知道他原本有12艘战舰列阵。

And also it means that Nelson's line is now shortened because, you know, he had 12 ships at the line.

他已经损失了三艘。

He's lost three.

所以他的战线比原计划短得多。

So his line is much shorter than he had planned.

不过人们可能记得，纳尔逊曾给吕下达过机动任务的指令。

However, people may remember that Ryu has been given a kind of roving brief by Nelson.

于是他以一种未经授命却极具纳尔逊风格的方式前来救援。

And so he, in an unprompted but very Nelsonian manner, comes to the rescue.

他乘坐的是一艘名为'亚马逊号'的战舰。

He's on a ship called the Amazon.

他还有另外四艘护卫舰随行。

He's got four other frigates with him.

这样总共大约有150门火炮。

So that's about, what, 150 guns between them.

他们沿着英军战线前进，浓密的炮烟四处弥漫，最终在战线前端占据位置，使得损失三艘主力舰的打击没有预想中那么严重。

And they work their way up the British line, you know, dense cannon smoke drifting everywhere, and they situate themselves at the head of the line so that the loss of these three massive ships is not quite as bad and damaging as it might otherwise have been.

这正是纳尔逊希望里奥采取的行动，尽管他并未直接下令——因为旗舰与里奥之间显然无法通讯。

And this is exactly what Nelson would have wanted Rio to do, even though he has no direct orders because obviously communication between Nelson's flagship and Rio is impossible.

没错。

That's right.

因此到了大约十一点半，纳尔逊的所有舰船都以各种方式投入了战斗。

So by about half past eleven, all of Nelson's ships are engaged one way or another.

此时旗舰正悬挂着纳尔逊最钟爱的信号旗——第16号信号'更紧密地接敌'。

And the elephant is now flying Nelson's favorite signal, which is signal number 16, engage the enemy more closely.

我知道听众中有丹麦朋友，我绝对不想把这期节目变成反丹麦的内容。

Now the Danes, I know we have Danish listeners, and I definitely don't want to make this an anti Danish podcast.

这完全违背我们的初衷。

That's the last thing we would ever do.

丹麦人正以非凡的勇气作战。

They are fighting with enormous courage.

他们从一开始就明白形势严峻，深知无法与皇家海军抗衡，但仍决心为保卫首都而战。

They knew from the beginning that they were really up against it, that they couldn't really compete with the Royal Navy, but they were determined to kind of fight for their capital city anyway.

他们从战舰和炮台上持续猛烈开火。

So they're blasting away from their ships and their gun platforms.

历史学家本·威尔逊在《深海帝国》中提出了本应显而易见却常被忽视的观点：此战与以往战役存在本质区别。

In his book Empire of the Deep, the historian Ben Wilson makes what should be the obvious point, but it hadn't really occurred to me that there is a massive difference between this and previous battles.

先前纳尔逊与西班牙或法国交战时，战场都在中立区域——公海、埃及等地。

Previously, when Nelson fought the Spanish or the French, they'd sort of fought on, as it were, neutral territory, you know, out at sea or in Egypt or whatever.

但这次截然不同。

But this is very different.

丹麦人是在保卫自己的首都、家园和故土，他们的亲友正从码头注视着这场战斗。

The Danes are defending their own capital city, their own homes, their native land in front of their friends and families who are the people watching from the Quayside.

嗯，我是说，对丹麦人来说，这是场主场比赛。

Well, I mean, for the Danes, it's a home match.

对吧？

Right?

是啊。

Yeah.

没错。

Exactly.

确实。

Exactly.

而且我猜丹麦人没多少机会打主场比赛。

And they don't get to fight many home matches, I would guess, the the Danes.

历史上，丹麦人更喜欢在英格兰的土地上作战。

Historically, the Danes have preferred to fight their matches on English soil.

对。

Yes.

正是。

Exactly.

或许还带着点对林迪斯法恩的复仇意味。

There's an element of vengeance for Lindisfarne there, perhaps.

噢，这倒不错。

Oh, that's nice.

是啊。

Yeah.

那道伤疤永远都不会真正愈合，对吧？

That scar will never really heal, will it?

不会的。

Not really.

不会。

No.

所以丹麦人正在造成巨大破坏。

So the Danes are inflicting tremendous damage.

纳尔逊舰船正在遭受可怕的打击。

Nelson ships are taking horrific punishment.

正如你所说，由乔治·默里船长指挥的埃德加号，以和平者埃德加命名，这位法律与秩序的狂热推崇者。

So the Edgar under captain George Murray, as you said, named after Edgar the Peaceable, great law and order enthusiast.

是的。

Yeah.

在十世纪。

In the tenth century.

埃德加号正遭受巨大损伤。

The Edgar is taking colossal damage.

一百四十二人伤亡。

A hundred and forty two men killed and wounded.

热忱号损失了近100人，其船帆和船体被丹麦炮火彻底击穿。

The ardent loses almost a 100 men, and its sails and hull are absolutely perforated by Danish shots.

但最糟的是，位于舰队后方的君主号。

But worst of all, the monarch at the back of the line.

这完全被那些丹麦要塞给重创了。

This is absolutely hammered by those Danish forts.

所以君主损失了220名伤亡士兵。

So the monarch lost 220 men killed and wounded.

其中一位是船长，名叫詹姆斯·莫斯，他在后甲板上阵亡，一手拿着作战计划，一手拿着传声筒，正用它激励着他的部下。

One of them was the captain, who's a guy called James Moss, was killed on the quarterdeck holding his battle plan in one hand and a speaking trumpet in the other through which he was kind of rousing his men.

多米尼克，在这种枪林弹雨中，船长和许多其他军官阵亡并不奇怪，因为非军官人员可以躲避飞来的炮弹。

And, Dominic, it's not surprising that under such a firestorm, the captain and many other officers would be killed because those who are not officers are allowed to duck when cannonballs come in.

军官按规定不能躲避。

Officers are not supposed to.

你必须笔直地站在那里。

You're supposed to stand there upright.

在这个故事中我们会听到军官们被炸得粉身碎骨的描述。

And we'll be hearing accounts in this story of of officers who just kind of disintegrate, get torn in two.

我认为，在炮火中担任皇家海军军官所需的勇气简直令人难以置信。

The courage required to be an officer in the Royal Navy under gunfire, I think, is just insane.

想象一下。

Imagine.

我是说，我们刚才描述得有点轻描淡写，但想象一下驾驶你的船，非常缓慢地驶向一个正在对你狂轰滥炸的要塞或炮台，而你只能说，继续前进。

I mean, we've described it in a slightly offhand way, but just imagine sailing your ship, very slowly towards a fort or a gun platform that's just sitting there blasting at you, and you just say, keep going.

继续前进。

Keep going.

再靠近些。

Closer.

再靠近些。

Closer.

正因如此，历史上战役从未如此展开过。

Which is why, historically, this is not how battles have been fought.

我想，纳尔逊所依赖的无非两点。

And what Nelson is relying on, I suppose, is two things.

首先是英国炮术的卓越品质，堪称世界之最。

Firstly, the superior quality of British gunnery, which is easily the best in the world.

其次是舰长们的尚武精神，这种'兄弟连'的凝聚力、'纳尔逊魔力'的感召力，以及他个人魅力对战线的激励至关重要——若是在海德·帕克麾下，他们绝不可能如此英勇。

And secondly, the martial spirit of his captains, and that's why this sense of a band of brothers, the sense of the Nelson touch, the sense of his charisma animating the battle line is so important because I think under Hyde Parker, for instance, they would not behave with such courage.

但正是纳尔逊的信任，赋予了他们承受惨烈伤亡与直面死亡威胁的勇气。

But knowing that Nelson believes in them clearly gives them the courage to sustain this appalling damage and and constantly run the risk of death.

直赴鬼门关。

To walk into the jaws of death.

没错。

Yeah.

你看，纳尔逊本人就是这种精神的化身——他必须成为这种精神的具象体现，这对他至关重要。

And, you know, Nelson, he is the embodiment of this, but he has to be it's very important to him that he is the physical embodiment of this spirit.

这又预示了后来特拉法加战役的情景。

This again anticipates what we see at Trafalgar.

在'大象号'的后甲板上，他冒着炮火来回踱步，全然不顾个人安危。

So on the quarterdeck of the elephant, he is pacing up and down under fire, heedless of his own safety.

我之前引述过的斯图尔特上校就站在他身旁。

So Colonel Stewart, the guy I quoted earlier, is at his side.

斯图尔特随后以非凡的勇气和赞誉参加了半岛战争。

Stewart went on to fight in the Peninsular War with tremendous sort of courage and acclaim.

但他后来表示，无论是在海上还是陆地，他从未像在哥本哈根战役中钦佩纳尔逊那样钦佩过任何军官。

But he said afterwards that he had never felt such admiration for any officer on sea or on land as he did for Nelson at Copenhagen.

有一个瞬间，丹麦人的炮弹击中了他们的主桅杆，碎片如雨般洒落。

There's a point at which a Danish shot smashes into their main master and it showers them with splinters.

一片碎片就能致命，而纳尔逊之前在尼罗河战役中就曾被碎片击中过。

A splinter can kill you, and Nelson has, of course, been hit by a splinter before at the Nile.

但纳尔逊对此毫不在意，他对斯图尔特说，战斗很激烈，今天随时可能是我们任何人的最后一天。

But Nelson, just oblivious to it, says to Stuart, it is warm work, and this day may be the last for any of us at any moment.

但请注意，即使给我几千倍的好处，我也不愿置身他处。

But mark you, I would not be anywhere else for thousands.

这对我来说就是英国勇气的化身。

And that for me is the embodiment of British pluck.

纳尔逊此时说的另一句极具英国特色的话是，他借用了板球比赛的比喻。

The other splendidly British thing that Nelson says at this point is he draws on a cricket metaphor.

是的。

Yeah.

你知道，他有些担心这可能会比他预想的稍长一些，但对胜利依然充满信心。

You know, he's anxious that perhaps this is going to take slightly longer than he thought, but still confident to victory.

他说，如果三小时内解决不了，我们就在四小时内把他们淘汰出局。

And he says, we shall bowl them out in four if we cannot do it in three hours.

换句话说，就是让对方的击球手出局。

So in other words, dismiss the opposition batsman.

慢慢地但确定无疑地，你所描述的英国团队协作、训练、火力和速度等因素开始显现成效。

And slowly but surely, the things you described, British teamwork, training, firepower, speed, they are beginning to tell.

尽管丹麦人竭尽全力，他们就是无法与之抗衡。

The Danes just, for all their efforts, they just can't compete with it.

大约凌晨1点时，他们的旗舰——74炮舰'丹纳布罗格号'陷入了极其严重的困境。

By about 01:00, their flagship, which is called the Dannabrog 74 gun ship, is in real, real trouble.

它正被布莱舰长的战舰打得粉碎，对吧？

It's being powdered, isn't it, by captain Bligh's ship?

是的。

Yeah.

被'加顿号'攻击。

By the Gatton.

这正是短管炮大显身手的时候，因为它们在近距离杀伤力极强。

And this is where the carronades are coming into their own, of course, because they are absolutely lethal at short range.

而布莱恰好就在这个位置。

And that is exactly where Blay is.

我的意思是，你知道，他就紧贴着丹麦旗舰作战。

I mean, he's, you know, he's right up close against the Danish flagship.

还有另一艘丹麦战舰'西兰号'，已经损失了三分之一的船员。

So there's another Danish ship, the Sealand, which has lost a third of its crew.

它的桅杆已经折断。

It's lost its mast.

火炮也全部损毁了。

It lost its guns.

船体上布满了弹孔。

It's riddled with holes.

大多数幸存的船员正拼命登上小船逃离。

Most of its surviving crew are desperately getting into little boats to get away.

然后它开始漂移了，对吧？

And it starts to drift, doesn't it?

是的。

Yeah.

因为他们切断了缆绳。

Because they cut the cables.

它正缓缓漂过战线。

It's kind of drifting across the battle line.

几乎像艘幽灵船。

Like a ghost ship almost.

我是说，非常诡异。

I mean, very eerie.

你可以想象它从炮火硝烟中隐约浮现的样子。

You can imagine it kind of looming out of the gun smoke.

没人知道它要去哪，只能随波逐流。

Nobody knows where it's going, caught on the currents.

我是说，这景象令人震撼。

I mean, an awesome sight.

然后还有第三艘船，普鲁瓦斯蒂宁号。

And then there's a third ship, the Pruvastinen.

上层甲板已被葡萄弹清扫一空。

This has been swept clear with grapeshot, the upper decks.

其火炮已被摧毁。

Its guns are disabled.

这艘船上有三处起火。

Three fires are burning on this ship.

75名船员非死即伤，伤势惨重。

75 men are either dead or horribly wounded.

此刻我们真切感受到，大约凌晨1点时，丹麦防线彻底崩溃只是时间问题，届时纳尔逊就能派出爆破船开始炮轰城市。

It really feels at this point we're about 01:00 that it is only a matter of time before the Danish line disintegrates completely, and then Nelson can send in these bomb vessels to start shelling the city.

大约一点半时，又发生了变故。

And then at about half past one, something else happens.

他们后方是海德·帕克上将率领的预备队。

So behind them is admiral Hyde Parker with the reserve.

他与其他英国舰船在一起。

He's with the rest of the British ships.

从后方传来两声沉闷的炮响——那是信号声，纳尔逊和他的军官们闻声回首。

And from behind them, Nelson and his officers hear the dull thud of two guns, a signal.

他们转身望去，简直不敢相信自己的眼睛——帕克上将旗舰桅杆上升起了新信号，第39号：终止战斗。

And they turn, and they can't believe their eyes because on the mast of admiral Parker's flagship, they can see a new signal, which is signal number 39, discontinue the action.

究竟发生了什么？

And what has happened?

帕克目睹这场屠杀后，决定终止整个行动。

Parker has been watching this slaughter unfold, and he is calling the whole thing off.

这一切都将徒劳无功。

It will all be for nothing.

他们所有的努力、所有的牺牲、所有的流血都将毫无意义。

All of their effort, all of the sacrifice, all the bloodshed will have been pointless.

在大象号的舰尾甲板上，所有人的目光都转向了纳尔逊。

And on the quarter deck of the elephant, all eyes turn to Nelson.

他现在会怎么做？

What will he do now?

哇。

Wow.

好吧，我想我们应该在这里休息一下。

Well, I think we should take a break at this point.

等我们回来时，我们将激动人心地描述英国历史上最具标志性、甚至可能是神话般的事件之一。

And when we come back, we have the massive excitement of describing one of the most iconic and quite possibly mythic episodes in the whole of British history.

本节目由Vanguard赞助播出。

This episode is brought to you by Vanguard.

令人振奋的是，Vanguard这个名字的灵感来自HMS Vanguard，正是纳尔逊海军上将的旗舰。

Now thrillingly, this name, Vanguard, was inspired by HMS Vanguard, the flagship of none other than admiral Nelson.

他追击法国人至埃及海岸的阿布基尔湾，在尼罗河战役中拯救了世界，使其免遭拿破仑的统治。

He pursues the French to Abakir Bay on the shores of Egypt for the battle of the Nile and saved the world from Napoleon, really.

多么壮观的场景啊。

So great scenes.

Vanguard有着如此辉煌的记录，这艘战舰确实经历了无数战斗。

So tremendous record there from Vanguard, a ship that certainly saw no lack of action.

是的。

Yes.

说到行动，如果你想将财务计划付诸实践，却一直拖延处理你的个人储蓄账户（ISA），或者你是投资新手不知从何入手，Vanguard提供一系列ISA选项，包括他们管理的ISA账户，这可能非常适合你。

Now speaking of action, if you want to put your financial plans into action, but you've been putting off sorting out your ISA, or if you're new to investing and you don't know where to start, Vanguard offers a range of ISA options, including their managed ISA, which could be a great fit.

本质上，这是一种股票与证券ISA，但由Vanguard的专家团队进行管理。

So, essentially, it's a stocks and shares ISA, but it is managed by the experts of Vanguard.

他们会帮助你评估风险承受能力，为你匹配适合的投资计划，然后由他们完成后续操作。

They'll help you to work out your risk appetite, match you to an investment plan that is right for you, and then they will do the rest.

搜索Vanguard了解更多信息。

Search Vanguard to find out more.

投资存在风险，您的本金可能受损。

When investing, your capital is at risk.

适用税收规则。

Tax rules apply.

大家好，欢迎回到《余下皆历史》节目。

Hello, and welcome back to The Rest is History.

哥本哈根战役正激烈进行。

The battle of Copenhagen is blazing.

丹麦防线正在崩溃。

The Danish line is cracking.

但在后方，年迈的帕克上将——我认为他从来不是那种冲锋陷阵的类型——始终对过于接近丹麦防线感到忧虑。

But in the rear, the elderly admiral Parker, not one of life's center forwards, I think, he's always been anxious about probing the Danish defenses too close.

他临阵退缩了。

He's got cold feet.

他已决定收工，并升起39号信号，要求中止行动。

He's decided to call it a day, and he has hoisted signal 39, discontinue the action.

基本上，就在纳尔逊即将取得决定性胜利之际，他却说了声‘不’。

So, basically, just as Nelson is on the verge of winning a decisive victory, he's saying, no.

回来。

Come back.

所以关键问题是，多米尼克，纳尔逊会怎么做？

So the massive question, Dominic, what's Nelson gonna do?

嗯，他必须立即做出决定。

Well, he has to make up his mind straight away.

他时间非常非常紧迫，毕竟他们正处于激战之中。

He's got very, very little time because, of course, they're in the heat of battle.

我认为他思维转得很快。

And I think his mind works fast.

他权衡了双方军力对比。

He weighs up the balance of forces.

如果无视信号、违抗直接命令，他确信自己几乎一定能赢。

If he ignores the signal, ignores a direct order, he thinks, in fact, he's almost certain he can win.

他知道丹麦防线正在崩溃。

He knows the Danish line is cracking.

他知道部分火炮已失去战斗力。

He knows some of the guns are being put out of action.

他知道自己的士兵训练有素。

He knows that his men are well trained.

他们训练有素，经验丰富，胜利的天平始终向他们倾斜。

They're fit, they're experienced, and the balance will tip in their favor all the time.

现在如果他中断行动，在丹麦人的炮火下，他们必须撤退，驶离国王的深水区，绕过浅滩，与舰队其他船只重新会合。

Now if he breaks off, under Danish fire, they have to retreat, get out of the king's deep, get around the shoals, and rejoin the rest of the squadron.

是的。

Yeah.

当他们转向时，就会遭到纵射火力的攻击。

And as they turn, then they're subject to kind of raking fire.

所以这非常致命。

So it's lethal.

显然，纳尔逊的本能反应绝对是继续战斗。

So, you know, clearly, Nelson's instinct is absolutely to carry on fighting.

但要强调，对于一名军官而言，在激战时刻——我是说任何时候，但尤其在激战时刻——违抗直接命令是件大事。

But just to emphasize, it is a big deal for an officer in the heat of battle, you know, I mean, anytime, but particularly in the heat of battle to ignore a direct order.

如果战斗失利，纳尔逊的职业生涯将就此终结。

And should the battle not go well, then this will be the end of Nelson's career.

是的。

Yes.

确实如此。

It would.

完全正确。

Exactly.

确实会这样。

It would.

他确实有前科。

He does have form, though.

所以在圣文森特角战役中，他无视了约翰·杰维斯爵士的直接命令和他的计划。

So at the Battle of Cape Saint Vincent, he had ignored sir John Jervis' direct orders, his plan.

他脱离了战线，独自发起行动，基本上彻底改变了战役的走向。

He had gone out of the line, and he had sort of launched this solo mission that basically changed the whole course of the battle.

所以有时候，当他坚持自己的判断时，确实会带来回报。

So sometimes, you know, when he backs his own judgment, it pays off.

他只犹豫了片刻，便低声嘟囔道。

So it takes him just a moment, and he mutters.

斯图尔特上校听到他低声自语。

Colonel Stuart hears him mutter under his breath.

停止行动。

Leave off action.

不。

No.

我要是照做就天打雷劈。

Damn me if I do.

一名中尉问道：我们要重复信号吗？

And a lieutenant says, shall we repeat the signal?

换句话说，将信号传递给我们的其他船只。

In other words, transmit the signal to the rest of our ships.

纳尔逊说：收到信号，但不要重复。

Nelson says, acknowledge it, but do not repeat it.

保持16号信号旗高悬。

Keep signal 16 aloft.

那就是信号。

That is the signal.

更紧密地接敌。

Engage the enemy more closely.

这反映了纳尔逊的自信——他对比名义上的总司令对战线拥有更多掌控权。

And the thing about that is it's reflective of Nelson's confidence that he has more authority over the line of battle than the ostensible commander in chief does.

是啊。

Yeah.

我们将见证他这份自信是否合理。

And we will see if he's right to be that confident.

现在后甲板上的其他人都明白这是公然抗命。

Now the other men on the quarter deck know that this is rank insubordination.

我认为弗利舰长显然被震惊到了，因为他实际上似乎在请求确认。

I think it's pretty clear that captain Foley is shocked by it because he effectively seems to ask for confirmation.

您确定吗，长官？

Are you sure, sir?

或类似这样的话。

Or something along those lines.

又或许他只是挑了挑眉。

Or maybe he just raises an eyebrow.

谁知道呢？

Who knows?

接下来会发生什么？

Now what happens next?

这是一个每个

Here is the story that every

英国学童过去都会学习、现在也仍应了解的故事。

British schoolchild used to learn and still should.

完全同意，他们确实应该了解。

Absolutely, they should.

让我们实话实说。

Let's be honest.

纳尔逊对福利说：'福利，你知道，我只有一只眼睛。'

Nelson says to Foley, you know, Foley, I have only one eye.

'我有权偶尔视而不见。'

I have a right to be blind sometimes.

然后是一个伟大的姿态，纯粹的纳尔逊式戏剧表演——他拿起望远镜，对准他那只看不见的盲眼，说道：'我确实没看到信号。'

And then a great gesture, pure Nelsonian theater, he reaches for a telescope, and he puts it to his cyclist eye, the one that can't see, and he says, I really do not see the signal.

这个故事令人遗憾之处在于，有些纳尔逊的传记作者——我很遗憾地说——竟然怀疑其真实性，这让他们自己蒙羞。

Now the sad thing about this story is that some of Nelson's biographers, I'm sorry to say, let themselves down by doubting it.

是不是这样？

Isn't that right?

我不觉得遗憾，因为我认为这就像阿尔弗雷德大王烧焦蛋糕的故事一样经典。

I don't think it's sad because I think it's up there with, you know, Alfred burning the cakes.

当然如此。

Of course, it is.

是啊。

Yeah.

罗伯特·布鲁斯和蜘蛛的故事，或是德雷克与无敌舰队的故事。

Robert the Bruce and the spider or it's Drake and the Armada.

无敌舰队来袭时，德雷克正在玩保龄球，他说是时候结束比赛并击败无敌舰队了。

So the Armada arrives, and Drake's playing a game of bowls, and he says, it's time to finish the game and beat the Armada too.

而他确实做到了。

And he does.

关键在于，所有这些故事之所以具有如此力量，不仅因为它们极具戏剧性，更因为它们揭示了处境的真相。

And the thing is that all these stories, they have the power that they do because they're very dramatic, but also because they illustrate the truth of the circumstances.

我们讲过希腊神话。

We've done Greek myths.

我是说，神话的力量并不直接取决于它们是否在事实上真实。

I mean, myths have a power that isn't directly dependent on whether they are factually true or not.

不过当然，历史学家们会对这类事情嗤之以鼻。

However, of course, historians are going to scoff at this kind of thing.

但同样也有人会说，比如比起阿尔弗雷德烧焦蛋糕的故事，我认为更可能发生的是这件事。

But equally, there are those who say, well, you know, I think it's more likely this happened than that Alfred burnt his cakes, for instance.

完全正确。

Absolutely.

事实上，约翰·萨格登为这个故事耗费了大量笔墨，研究其来源和各种不同版本的记载。

And actually, John Sugden, who spent an enormous amount of ink on this particular story, looking at the provenance of it, all the different accounts.

基本上，斯图亚特上校在接下来的十年左右多次讲述了他在后甲板上的经历。

So, basically, colonel Stuart told his story about what happened on the quarterdeck several times in the next ten years or so.

就像许多轶事一样，每次讲述时这些故事都会发生微妙的变化。

And as so often with anecdotes, the anecdotes slightly changed in each telling.

有人可能会说，这是种改进。

Improved, one might say.

是啊。

Yeah.

它变得更好了。

It improved.

没错。

Yeah.

但萨布顿说，听着。

But Subton says, listen.

你可以质疑它，可以说最早的甲板故事版本里根本没提这茬，但这不代表事情没发生过。

You can doubt it, you can say, well, the very, very earliest stories about what happened on the quarter deck don't mention it, but that doesn't mean that it didn't happen.

这事听起来可信吗？

Does it have the ring of implausibility?

我是说，这听起来完全合情合理，对吧？

I mean, it sounds perfectly plausible, right?

这才是关键。

That's the key.

所以萨格登说望远镜的故事完全符合纳尔逊的性格。

So Sugden says the telescope story is entirely in Nelson's character.

他从不忽视自己的观众。

He never forgot his audience.

这可能意味着人们因为听起来正确就假定它是真的。

And that could either mean that people assume it's true because it it sounds right.

是的。

Yes.

但同样地，这也可能是真的，因为纳尔逊会这么做。

But equally, it could be true because Nelson would do it.

我认为唯一绝对不真实的，是那些常见于描绘这一场景的插图——展示纳尔逊将望远镜举到眼罩前的画面。

I mean, I think the one thing that's definitely not true is the kind of thing that you will often see on illustrations of this scene that shows Nelson raising his telescope to an eye patch.

我们已经强调过，纳尔逊并没有戴那种海盗式的眼罩。

And we have already emphasized Nelson did not wear a kind of pirate eye patch.

但我想我们已经得出结论了，不是吗，汤姆，这件事绝对发生过。

But I think we've concluded, haven't we, Tom, that it absolutely happened.

而且在很多方面，这件事比人们给予纳尔逊的赞誉还要英勇。

And in many ways, it happened more bravely than people have given Nelson credit for.

我也这么认为。

I think so.

所以他承担了这个难以置信的风险。

So he's taken this incredible risk.

实际上，这最终证明了纳尔逊在同僚舰长中的声望。

And, actually, here is the ultimate demonstration of Nelson's reputation among his fellow captains.

所有人都跟随他的领导。

Everybody follows his lead.

其他战舰的舰长没有一个质疑他的决定。

None of the other warship captains question him.

他们中没有一人中断进攻。

None of them break off the attack.

当然，那样的话，他们就是违抗纳尔逊的命令了。

Of course, in that case, they would be disobeying Nelson.

事后也没有任何指责。

And there's no recrimination afterwards.

只有一位船长服从了帕克的命令，那就是爱德华·吕，你知道，纳尔逊特别欣赏他。

There is one captain who does obey Parker's orders, and this is Edward Ryu, who, you know, Nelson particularly admires.

他展现出了极大的主动性。

He's shown a great initiative.

他虽然身处战线最前端，但资历非常非常浅。

He's gone to the the top of the line, but he is a very, very junior officer.

对他来说，违抗命令比纳尔逊手下那些资深船长要严重得多。

It's a massive, massive deal for him, much more than for Nelson's more established captains to break an order.

因此他极其不情愿地向自己的五艘战舰下达了撤退命令。

And so he very, very reluctantly gives his squadron of five ships the order to withdraw.

我的意思是，他又继续战斗了半小时，但最终他认为不行。

I mean, he keeps on fighting for half an hour, but ultimately he thinks, no.

我接到了直接命令。

I've been given a direct order.

我必须服从。

I've I've got to obey it.

你刚才说如果纳尔逊下令撤退，将对整个英国战线造成灾难性后果，而吕的命运正说明了这一点。

And you were saying how had Nelson ordered a withdrawal, this would have been calamitous for the entire British line, and the fate of Roux illustrates this.

因为当他的护卫舰中队开始转向撤退并停止开火时，炮烟散去，而卢的船是最后撤退的。你知道，现在已经无法掩饰了。

Because what happens is that as his squadron of frigates starts to turn and withdraw and stop firing, the gun smoke clears and Roux's own ship, which is the last to withdraw, You know, there is no disguise now.

丹麦炮手们开始开火了。

It's open fire for the Danish gunners.

我们还有斯图尔特上校的记述，你知道，他曾与纳尔逊在一起——可能亲眼目睹也可能没看到他举起望远镜遮住盲眼——他描述了当时发生的事。

And we have an account from colonel Stuart, you know, who was with Nelson who may or may not have seen him putting his telescope to his blind eye, who describes what happened.

所以这是斯图尔特对卢的记载。

So this is Stuart on Ryu.

他曾表示对被迫撤退感到痛心，并高尚地说道：‘纳尔逊会怎么看待我们？’

He had expressed himself grieved at being obliged to retreat and nobly observed, what will Nelson think of us?

他的书记员在他身旁被炮弹击中身亡，另一发炮弹也夺走了几名正在主转帆索上作业的海军陆战队员的生命。

His clerk was killed by his side, and by another shot, several marines while hauling on the main brace shared the same fate.

卢随即高喊：‘来吧，我的孩子们。’

Ryu then exclaimed, come then, my boys.

‘让我们死在一起。’

Let us all die together.

话音刚落，致命的炮弹就将他拦腰斩断。

The words were scarcely uttered when the fatal shot severed him in two.

这非常感人。

So it's very moving.

是啊。

Yeah.

顺便问一句，斯图尔特上校是怎么知道的？

How does colonel Stuart know, by the way?

因为他当时在另一艘船上。

Because he's on a different ship.

我想这件事已经向他汇报了。

I imagine that it's reported to him.

听着。

Listen.

我永远不会对这种故事持怀疑态度。

I'm never gonna be skeptical about a story like this.

当然。

Of course.

我是说，纳尔逊会怎么看待我们？

I mean, again, what will Nelson think of us?

来吧，我的孩子们，让我们一起赴死。

Come then, my boys, let us all die together.

是啊。

Yeah.

你可能会觉得这些话好得不像真的，但我觉得令人震惊的是龙是纳尔逊特别青睐的人。

I mean, you might think these phrases are too good to be true, but I think it's striking that Ryu is a particular favorite of Nelson's.

他只是在这次远征途中见过他。

He's only met him on the course of this expedition.

显然这种反复使用英雄主义的自我戏剧化特质正是纳尔逊所认同的。

And clearly there is a kind of self dramatizing quality to reuse heroism that Nelson really identifies with.

所以，我认为他说过这话是完全可信的。

So again, I think I think it's perfectly plausible he said that.

是啊。

Yeah.

就像望远镜一样。

Just like the telescope.

这种自我戏剧化的行为是从上层驱动的。

The self dramatizing is driven from the top.

可以说，有这么一个人，他构建自己的生活就像在舞台上表演一样，于是其他人纷纷效仿。

You have a man who is constructing his life as though he's on the stage, I would say, and so other people follow suit.

纳尔逊说，里夫斯的牺牲几乎是这场战役中最惨痛的损失，你知道，他本可以成就一番伟业。

And Nelson says that Reeves' loss is almost the worst loss of the battle, you know, that he would have gone on to really great things.

没错。

Right.

回到港口，时间大约是凌晨两点，巨大的黑色烟云笼罩着天空。

So back at the harbor, it's about 02:00, huge great clouds of black smoke.

空气中充斥着尖叫声和爆炸声。

The air is thick with kind of screams and explosions.

丹麦人英勇奋战，但他们现在陷入了真正的困境。

The Danes are fighting manfully, but they're in real trouble now.

大约凌晨两点，他们的旗舰'丹纳布罗格'号起火燃烧。

By about 02:00, Dannabrog, their flagship is burning.

到了两点半左右，舰上的炮手已全部阵亡，旗帜被降下，幸存者不得不逃往岸边。

By about 02:30, its gun crews have been completely slaughtered, the flag comes down, and the survivors have to flee for the shore.

丹麦指挥官是个叫费希尔准将的家伙，他已经把旗帜转移到了另一艘船'霍尔顿'号上。

The Danish commander is a bloke called Commodore Fischer, and he's already moved his flag to another ship, the Holston.

大约同一时间，那艘战舰也被压制，他不得不躲进其中一座堡垒——地球徒步堡垒。

About the same time, that ship's overpowered as well, and he has to take refuge in one of the forts, the Trek On Earth Fort.

所以很明显英国人占了上风。

So it's very clear the British have the upper hand.

不过他们并未完全掌控局势。

They they don't have things entirely their own way, though.

我是说，这正是让纳尔逊的决定如此冒险的原因——局势仍然相当胶着。

I mean, this is still a really you know, this is what makes Nelson's call so dicey is that it's still pretty tight.

而且你知道，他的一些战舰，比如君主号和挑战号，正遭受极其猛烈的打击。

And, you know, some of his ships, the Monarch and the Defiance, are really taking terrible, terrible punishment.

丹麦的炮台仍然完好无损。

The Danish batteries are still intact.

它们还在持续不断地开火。

They're still firing relentlessly.

现在我认为纳尔逊做了他军事生涯中最令人印象深刻的一件事，因为他不仅打算近距离猛攻取胜。

And now I think Nelson does one of the most impressive things he ever did in a battle, because he's not just about get up close and batter them, and then we'll win.

他还在进行政治考量。

He's also thinking politically.

是啊。

Yeah.

他是阿喀琉斯，但却是精于算计的阿喀琉斯。

He's an Achilles, but he's a calculating Achilles.

正是如此。

Exactly.

于是他下到船舱里，匆匆写了一张纸条，内容基本上是向丹麦人提出一项交易。

So he goes down below for a second, and he scribbles a note that is basically offering the Danes a deal.

然后他把纸条交给一个叫弗雷德里克·费辛格的人，这人会说丹麦语，纳尔逊问他能否乘小船举着休战旗靠岸，找到王储弗雷德里克并把这张纸条交给他。

And then he gives it to a bloke called Frederick Fessinger, who speaks Danish and says, can you get in a little boat, go over to the shore under a flag of truce, find crown prince Frederick, and give him this note.

而这位弗雷德里克王储正是乔治三世的外甥。

And crown prince Frederick is George the third's nephew.

是的。

Yes.

所以，你知道的，他们之间存在某种家族纽带。

So, you know, there are certain familial bonds.

确实如此。

Exactly.

那么纳尔逊为什么要这么做？

Now why did Nelson do this?

事后他总是说，我这么做是因为本质上我是个非常仁慈的人，我想避免丹麦人再遭流血牺牲。

Afterwards, he always said, I did it because, basically, I'm a very kind person, and I wanted to spare the Danes anymore bloodshed.

但是多米尼克，我认为这是事实。

But, you know, Dominic, I think that's true.

我的意思是，这听起来与纳尔逊的作风相悖。

I mean, it sounds counterintuitive, Nelson.

没错。

Yeah.

他想要实践歼灭战，但我想他这么做是为了更宏大的目标。

He wants to practice battles of annihilation, but he does that for the broader purpose, I think.

如果他有不流血但仍能为英国效力的选择，他会那么做。

And and if he had the option of not spilling blood but still serving Britain, then he would do that.

值得注意的是，在最终达成《亚眠条约》的和平谈判中，纳尔逊是支持的。

And it was striking that in the peace negotiations that culminates in the the treaty of Amiens, Nelson's backing it.

是的。

Yeah.

他渴望和平。

He wants peace.

我认为人们有必要记住这一点。

And I think it's important for people to bear that in mind.

他并非嗜血成性。

He is not animated by a bloodlust.

我认为这是正确的。

I think that's right.

他后来告诉成为首相的亨利·阿丁顿。

He later told Henry Addington, who became prime minister.

他对阿丁顿说，那些投降的丹麦舰船被困在杀戮区。

He said to Addington, those Danish ships that had surrendered were trapped in the killing zone.

它们无法逃脱，还遭到己方炮台友军火力的误击。

They couldn't get away, and they're being hit by friendly fire from their own batteries.

这是一场屠杀，任何真正的人都不会乐见这样的场景。

It was a massacre, a sight which no real man could have enjoyed.

当丹麦人成为我的俘虏时，我觉得自己成了他们的保护者。

I felt when the Danes became my prisoners, I became their protector.

换句话说，大量丹麦人在交火中丧生，而我想拯救他们。

In other words, loads of Danes have been killed in the crossfire, and I want to save them.

他确实给艾玛写信了，不是吗？信中说，纳尔逊是个战士，但他不会成为屠夫。

And he actually wrote to Emma, didn't he, and said, Nelson is a warrior, but he will not be a butcher.

他用第三人称谈论自己，我认为这是个非常好的迹象。

Really good sign that he's that he's talking about himself in the third person, I think.

就像凯撒那样。

Like Caesar.

是啊。

Yeah.

我是说，你不会听到凯撒说这种话。

I mean, you wouldn't get Caesar saying that.

所以我认为我们可以一致认为，这为纳尔逊增色不少。

So I think we can agree that this reflects very well on Nelson.

听众们可以为此全心全意地钦佩他。

Listeners can admire him wholeheartedly on this.

他说得完全正确。

He's absolutely right.

你看，拿破仑才是个屠夫。

You see, Napoleon is a butcher.

拿破仑入侵意大利时，留下一连串被洗劫的村庄、鲜血等等，自然是想通过恐吓平民来确保他们顺从。

Napoleon, when he invades Italy, leaves a trail of looted and pillaged villages and blood and whatnot, and and and naturally wants to terrify the civilian population into, you know, remaining compliant.

纳尔逊可没有这样的历史。

Nelson has no real history of that.

他的批评者可能会说那不勒斯，但我认为那不勒斯是他职业生涯中最具争议的事件，正是因为

His critics might say Naples, but I think Naples stands out as the most controversial episode in his career precisely because

因为它不寻常。

Because it's unusual.

因为它不寻常。

Because it's unusual.

是的。

Yeah.

现在我得说，连他自己的部分军官也认为事情没那么简单。

Now some of his own officers, I I have to say, thought there was something slightly more to it.

比如哈迪就说过，这不只是人道主义问题。

So Hardy said, for example, you know, it's not just about humanitarianism.

他想处理那些未被击沉或烧毁的丹麦战利品，同时也是为了保护自己的船只。

He wanted to get off the prizes, the Danish prizes that hadn't been sunk or burnt, and he also was doing it to protect his own ships.

这是哈迪的说法。

This is Hardy Talking.

当时其中有五艘船搁浅在炮台射程内的岸上。

Five of which at this time were onshore within gunshot of the batteries.

换句话说，它们算是被困在浅滩上了。

In other words, they were sort of trapped on the shoals.

斯图亚特上校曾写过这件事。

Colonel Stuart, he wrote about this.

他称这是'策略的杰作'。

He said it was a, quote, a masterpiece of policy.

这是纳尔逊拯救那些搁浅英国船只的唯一办法。

It was the only way for Nelson to save those grounded British ships.

它们被困住了，处于一种，用他们的话说，极度危险的境地。

They got stuck, and they were in a, quote, a most perilous situation.

大多数研究此事件的历史学家都认为，无论背后动机如何错综复杂，这一决策确实非常精明。

And most historians have written about this say, you know, whatever the the swirl of motives that went into this, it was really, really canny.

罗杰·奈特称这是他最高明的战术决策之一。

One of his supreme battle decisions, says Roger Knight.

于是这艘名为'信使号'的船抵达了哥本哈根的要塞。

So this boat, Thessager, he arrives at the Citadel in Copenhagen.

他将照会呈递给王储。

He takes the note to the crown prince.

纳尔逊这份外交照会堪称杰作，因为他将其致予——容我引用——'英国人的兄弟，丹麦人民'。

And Nelson it's a masterpiece of diplomacy because Nelson has addressed it to, and I quote, the brothers of Englishmen, the Danes.

没有比这更高的赞誉了。

No higher praise.

他明确表示：若迫不得已，我将彻底击溃你们，但我真心实意不愿如此。

And he says, I will absolutely flatten you if I have to, but I really, really don't want to.

我更希望能保全那些英勇守卫要塞的丹麦将士。

I'd rather save the brave Danes who have defended your forts.

他对王储说：我很希望与贵国达成协议。

And he says to the crown prince, you know, I'd love to make a deal with you.

与丹麦的和平友谊将是我赢得过最伟大的胜利。

Peace and friendship with Denmark would be the greatest victory that I've ever gained.

屋子里有个冷静的人。

A dry eye in the house.

是啊。

Yeah.

而王储是个聪明人。

And the crown prince is a intelligent guy.

他明白这是拯救部下、保卫哥本哈根城和牲畜市场免遭袭击，同时保全荣誉的完美方案。

He can see that this is the perfect way to save his men, to save Copenhagen, the city, and the stockyards from assault, and to keep his honor.

要知道，这对丹麦人来说基本上是个好结果。

You know, it's basically a good outcome for the Danes.

对丹麦人来说，问题大概还在于他们不想遭到法国人或俄国人的攻击。

And presumably also the issue for the Danes is that they don't want to be attacked by the French or indeed the Russians.

没错。

Yeah.

所以本质上，他们做了足够的表面功夫，可以向法国和俄国的大臣们交代：我们已经尽力了，但实际能有什么效果呢？

So essentially, they've put up a good enough show that they can say to the French and Russian ministers, well, you know, we did our best, but what exactly we have?

我的意思是，毕竟他们并非真心要对英国开战。

I mean, because ultimately, they're not really committed to the war against Britain.

确实没有。

No.

他们不得不在法国和英国之间做出选择。

They had to choose between France and Britain.

他们选择了法国，因为他们认为法国的威胁更大。

They chose France because they thought the French were more of a threat.

从某种程度上说，他们不想牺牲太多生命。

So in a way, they don't want to lose lots of of lives.

他们不愿在与英国的战争中让自己的首都遭到摧毁。

They don't want to have their capital city demolished in the course of a war with Britain.

这对丹麦人来说是个好结果。

This is a great outcome for the Danes.

正如我们将看到的，我正想说他们应该感谢我们。

As we will see, I was about to say they should be thanking us.

实际上，他们确实有些感激。

As we will see, they kind of do.

于是王储说，好吧。

So the crown prince says, fine.

我们同意停火。

We'll have a ceasefire.

我们将展开谈判，大约半小时后战斗逐渐平息，战役结束。

We'll open some talks, and it takes about half an hour for the fighting to die down and the battle is over.

总体而言，英军约有250人阵亡。

So in all, the British have lost about 250 men killed.

丹麦方面损失约500人。

The Danes have lost about 500.

他们有两艘船被完全摧毁，另有12艘被俘获。

They've lost two ships completely destroyed, and 12 of their ships have been captured.

你可能会说损失不算太大，但这是个很小的国家。

Not a huge amount, you might say, but this is a small country.

这确实是一个沉重的代价。

So this is a a heavy toll.

是啊。

Yeah.

战斗的激烈程度和屠杀的惨烈，让许多经验丰富的英国水兵都说，这甚至比尼罗河战役或圣文森特角战役还要高出一个档次。

And the ferocity of the fighting, the intensity of the carnage was of a quality that a lot of the experienced British sailors said, you know, this was in a different league from the Nile even or Cape St Vincent or something.

我想是因为海峡太狭窄，火力如此猛烈，交战距离又如此之近。

I think because it's such a tight channel, such withering fire, such close range action.

到处都是漂浮的尸体。

So many bodies kind of bobbing everywhere.

是啊。

Yeah.

海水都被鲜血染红了。

Blood in the water.

嗯。

Yeah.

我是说，太可怕了。

I mean, hideous.

弗里曼特尔船长，托马斯·弗里曼特尔，之前参加过纳尔逊的两场战役。

Captain Fremantle, Thomas Fremantle, had been in two of Nelson's fights before.

他参加过1790年代的萨提拉战役——如果你还记得的话——以及尼罗河战役。

He'd been in the battle of over the Satira, if you remember that in the seventeen nineties, and the Nile.

他说丹麦船只上的屠杀惨状超出了我以往听闻的任何事情。

And he said the carnage on board the Danish vessels exceeds anything I ever heard of.

英国舰队的所有人都说，天哪，丹麦人打得真不错。

And everybody in the British fleet said, god, the Danes, they really fought well.

所以纳尔逊的一名部下托马斯·威尔克斯在家信中写道：'我必须公正地说丹麦人打得很好，比我对法国人或西班牙人的印象强多了。'

So one of Nelson's men, Thomas Wilkes, wrote home, says, I will do the Danes the credit to say they fought well, far better than I've ever found from the French or the Spaniards.

其实对英国来说，丹麦不像法国或西班牙那样是真正棘手的敌人。

Well, the Danes are not a a serious enemy for the British, unlike the French or the Spaniards.

所以某种程度上，通过赞扬丹麦人来对比更强大的敌人，这是个很好的宣传策略，对吧？

So in a sense, by praising the Danes relative to their more serious enemies, it's a good propaganda twist, isn't it?

确实如此。

It is indeed.

纳尔逊现在完全精疲力竭了吧？

So Nelson is absolutely shattered, isn't he?

因为他一直没睡觉。

Because he hasn't been sleeping.

这也不奇怪，毕竟他压力太大了。

And not surprisingly, because he's been so stressed.

我们来说说纳尔逊战后做了什么，结合他前两天的情况——他一直在制定作战计划。

So just to talk about what Nelson does after the battle and to put it in the context of what he's been doing over the previous two days, He's been preparing his battle plans.

他和莱乌船长熬夜绘制计划并做好部署。

He stayed up all night drawing them and getting them ready with captain Ryu.

他指挥并参与了一场重大战役。

He has led and fought a great battle.

他还经历了生命危险。

He suffered physical danger.

他因无法确定计划能否成功而备受煎熬。

He's been tormented by the tension of knowing whether his plans are going to come off or not.

他目睹了骇人的大屠杀。

He's witnessed hideous carnage.

他公然违抗了上级的命令。

He's directly disobeyed an order from his superior.

他施展了这种外交策略，开始与丹麦人谈判。

He's done this kind of diplomatic gambit of opening negotiations with the Danes.

他在万般不利的情况下取得了惊人的压倒性胜利。

He has secured a stunning, overwhelming victory against all the odds.

他凝视着海峡的恐怖景象，海面上遍布尸体，为自己和丹麦水手的伤亡哀悼，正如引文所述，这让他泪如泉涌。

He's gazed at the horrors of the straits, the seas littered with corpses, mourning the losses both of his own sailors and those of the Danes, which made his heart run out of his eyes, quoting there.

他从大象号返回圣乔治号上的舱室，因为你知道，他可以航行回去登上原来的旗舰。

He has returned from the elephant to his cabin on the Saint George because, you know, he can sail back and and get on his original flagship.

他走进了自己的舱室。

He's gone to his cabin.

他取出了日记本。

He's taken out his journal.

他记录了这一天的细节。

He's recorded the details of the day.

然后他记下自己感到非常不适——这并不令人意外。

He then records that he felt very unwell, unsurprisingly.

在经历了这一切之后，他拿起一张纸，提起笔，给艾玛写了一封信，指责她与威尔士亲王保持着不体面的关系。

And then after all that, he reaches for a piece of paper, picks up his pen, and he writes a letter to Emma accusing her of keeping scandalous company with the Prince of Wales.

那是他的首要任务。

That's his priority.

经历了这一切后，他让自己陷入极度紧张的状态，几乎要崩溃了。

After all that, works himself up into an absolute state, and he's on the verge of collapsing.

然后他平静下来，给艾玛写了一首诗。

And then he he calms down, and he writes Emma a poem.

无论东西南北，我们的心永不分离。

East, west, north, south, our minds shall never part.

你天使般的磁石就是纳尔逊的心。

Your angel's lodestone shall be Nelson's heart.

哦。

Oh.

写完这首诗后，他躺在小床上昏睡过去，沉睡了大约六个小时。

And having written that, he then lies down on his cot and passes out and sleeps for about six hours.

我觉得这简直是最具纳尔逊特色的一系列事件了。

I just think it's the most Nelson series of events you could possibly imagine.