611. 纳尔逊：波拿巴蓄势待发（第四部分）

这基本上就是他为了让她离开而提出的财务协议。

This is basically, you know, the financial deal he's offered her to go away.

与此同时，运营默顿庄园非常昂贵。

At the same time, Merton is very expensive to run.

仅食物和酒水，他在默顿就花费了3000多英镑。

So he spends more than £3,000 on food and wine alone at Merton.

好在威廉·汉密尔顿爵士表示愿意承担一半费用。

The upside is that Sir William Hamilton has said, well, I will pay half.

这就把我们带到了威廉·汉密尔顿爵士的问题上。

That brings us to the Sir William Hamilton issue.

这里有个问题，不是吗？

There's a problem there, isn't there?

确实如此。

There is.

他有点，你知道的，他被从那不勒斯的职位上解雇了，回来时有点失意，而且没有获得养老金。

He's kind of, you know, he's been dismissed from his post in in Naples and come back slightly under a cloud and hasn't been given a pension.

所以我认为，实际上，纳尔逊对艾玛追求威尔士亲王这件事相当担忧。

And so I think, actually, quite a lot of the Nelson worrying about the Emma going after the Prince of Wales stuff.

我觉得艾玛基本上是在接近威尔士亲王，试图为威廉争取养老金，但没有成功。

I I think Emma basically is approaching the Prince of Wales to try and get William a pension and it doesn't work.

完全如此。

Completely.

所以当纳尔逊说，我的意思是，他实际上是在说，威廉爵士在把你当交易筹码。

So when Nelson says, I mean, he effectively says, sir William is pimping you out.

事实正是如此。

That is what is happening.

我的意思是，这完全符合威廉·汉密尔顿的计划，我认为。

I mean, that is exactly to William Hamilton's plan, I think.

那么，威廉·汉密尔顿爵士现在71岁了。

So, sir William Hamilton is now 71.

他明显在走下坡路。

He's visibly in decline.

他大部分时间都待在伦敦的皇家学会和其他学术团体里。

He spends a lot of time at the Royal Society and other kind of learned societies in London.

他酷爱钓鱼。

He loves his fishing.

确实如此。

He does.

所以他回到家中继续钓鱼。

So he comes back to the house and fishes.

但出于形式需要，他不得不在皮卡迪利大街保留一处房产，因为政府基本上没给他像样的养老金。

But he has for form's sake, he has to maintain a house in Piccadilly because the government basically haven't given him a decent pension.

他的钱也快用完了。

He's running out of money as well.

现在是什么加剧了这一切？

Now what exacerbates all this?

因为他有个妻子。

It's the fact he has a wife.

而且酷爱挥霍。

Who loves spending money.

是的。

Yes.

我想，对于一个曾经身无分文、流落街头的人来说，如果经历过那样的成长环境，确实很难表现得体面大方。

I guess in the way that someone who has had no money, who knows what it is to live on the streets and have not a penny, it's difficult, I guess, if you've had that upbringing to to behave up steamiously.

嗯，如果你的身份认同和自我价值感...我是说，这种故事并不罕见。

Well, if your identity, I suppose, and your sense of self worth I mean, it's not an unfamiliar story.

如果你的自我价值和身份认同建立在浮华、炫耀、时尚这类事物上，我是说，她总是债台高筑。

If your self worth and identity are based on spectacle, on show, on fashion, on all of those kinds of things, I mean, she's always running up massive debts.

按今天的货币计算，仅1802年这一年，她就花了超过25万英镑购买珠宝。

So in today's money, in eighteen o two alone, she spent more than a quarter of a million pounds on jewelry, for example.

她做的另一件事——当然范妮做得不够，这也是导致她垮台的原因之一——正如你所说，她基本上把房子变成了纳尔逊的神龛。

And the other thing she has done, which, of course, Fanny didn't do enough, which is one of things that did for her was, as you said, she's basically turned the house into a Nelson shrine.

所以现在屋里到处都是纳尔逊周边商品，其中很多都是艾玛买的。

So there's an awful lot of Nelson merch at this point, and a lot of it has been bought by Emma.

是的。

Yeah.

无论你看向屋内何处，都是纳尔逊的版画、他的战役。餐具、茶具、咖啡具全都刻着庆祝他战役胜利的图案。

And so wherever you look in the house, there are prints of Nelson, his battles, The dinner service, the tea service, the coffee service have all been engraved to celebrate his battles.

我认为她还在购买与自己相关的纪念品。

I think she's also buying memorabilia associated with herself as well.

确实如此。

She is indeed.

没错。

Yeah.

要知道，屋里还有不少艾玛的版画和肖像画。

There are, you know, quite a lot of prints and paintings of Emma.

所以我希望我们的一些美国听众不要介意我这么说——这场景有点像海湖庄园。

So there's a slightly I hope that some of our American listeners will not be offended when I say it's a slightly Mar A Lago scene.

即便在当时，有些访客也被这种场面震惊得目瞪口呆。

And even at the time, some visitors are absolutely appalled by it.

纳尔逊有个同僚叫明托勋爵，之前被引用过。

So there's a mate of Nelson's called Lord Minto who quoted before.

是的。

Yeah.

我们在维也纳见过他，对吧？当时他把艾玛比作

We met him in Vienna, didn't we, where he was comparing Emma to

酒吧女招待？

a barmaid?

他最初是在1790年代在科西嘉岛结识纳尔逊的。

He had first met Nelson in Corsica in the seventeen nineties.

当他来到默顿庄园时，被眼前的景象震惊了。

When he comes to Merton Place, he's horrified by it.

这很有趣。

And it's interesting.

他不仅责怪艾玛。

He doesn't just blame Emma.

他确实责怪她，但也同样责怪纳尔逊。

He he does blame her, but he blames Nelson as well.

整个宅邸和生活方式都让我既愤怒又忧郁。

The whole establishment and way of life is such as to make me angry as well as melancholy.

她看起来气色很好，但比以往任何时候都更臃肿。

She's in high looks, but more immense than ever.

她继续用成堆的奉承话填塞纳尔逊，而纳尔逊就像婴儿吃糊糊一样安静地接受着。

She goes on cramming Nelson with trowels of flattery, which she goes on taking as quietly as a child does pap.

她对他的爱慕不仅可笑，而且令人作呕。

The love she makes to him is not only ridiculous, but disgusting.

不仅房间，整栋房子、楼梯各处都挂满了他们俩各种尺寸和类型的画像，这种过度的虚荣心反而适得其反。

Not only the rooms, but the whole house, staircase and all, are covered with nothing but pictures of her and him of all sizes and sorts, an excessive vanity which counteracts its own purpose.

如果这是汉密尔顿夫人的宅邸，或许还能找个借口。

If it was Lady Hamilton's house, there might be a pretense for it.

把自己的家变成整天顾影自怜的镜子，实在是品味低劣。

To make his own a mere looking glass to view himself all day is bad taste.

我是说，这不正是英国访客对美国住宅那种无可复制的评价口吻吗？

I mean, that's the inimitable voice of the British visitor to your to an American house, isn't it?

嗯，这本质上就是英国上流阶层对暴发户那种标志性的语气。

Well, it's it's the inimitable voice of the British upper classes towards, you know, new money, basically.

是的。

Yes.

确实如此。

It is.

完全正确。

Exactly.

我的意思正是这样。

I mean, that's what it is.

他还评论说——这点我完全相信——纳尔逊离开了战争前线后其实相当无聊。

And also he comments, and I can believe this, that Nelson went, you know, away from a theater of war is actually quite boring.

没错。

Yeah.

我想是因为他只谈论自己和自己的战役吧。

Because he only talks about himself and his battles, I imagine.

这有点像拿破仑被流放圣赫勒拿岛时的情形。

It's a bit like Napoleon on when in exile in Saint Helena.

你知道吗？

You know?

拿破仑就只谈论自己的战役和遭遇的不公，我觉得纳尔逊非常相似。

Napoleon just talked about his own battles and how he'd been hard done by, and I think Nelson is very similar.

是啊。

Yeah.

而且我认为纳尔逊的这种倾向也体现在，威廉当然有很多激进的朋友、知识分子朋友、学者朋友。

And I think also maybe that that trend in Nelson is shown up by the fact that so William, of course, has lots of, you know, radical friends, intellectual friends, scholarly friends.

他们都在谈论陶罐、花瓶和古典文学之类的东西。

They're all coming and talking about pots and vases and classical literature and stuff like that.

我能想象纳尔逊在这种场合下，他没什么可贡献的，会缩进自己的壳里。

And I can imagine that Nelson in that company, he you wouldn't have much to contribute and would shrink into his shell.

实际上，纳尔逊的一些朋友刻意不去他家拜访。

And actually, some of Nelson's friends pointedly do not visit him at his house.

最明显的例子就是库斯伯特·科林伍德，他在特拉法加战役中赫赫有名。

So the most obvious is Cuthbert Collingwood, who famously appears at Trafalgar.

还有他早年服役时的挚友。

And his great friend from his kind of early years of service.

是啊。

Yeah.

罗杰·奈特在他的书中指出，当科林伍德去拜访附近的朋友时，他刻意没有去拜访纳尔逊和默顿，这让人觉得他本应该去的。

Roger Knight points out in in his book, when Collingwood went to visit friends nearby, he very pointedly didn't go to visit Nelson and Merton, which you kind of think he should have done.

这可能是因为他觉得那种氛围，你知道，就是不合他的口味。

And probably that's because he finds the setup, You know, it's just not to his taste.

那里基本上就是个纳尔逊神殿，而艾玛则喋喋不休地说个不停。

It's basically a Nelson shrine with Emma kind of talking 19 to the dozen.

当然，可怕的是她可能会开始摆出某些姿态，Dom，没人想看到那样。

Of course, the terror is that she might start doing some of her attitudes, Dom, and no one wants that.

我认为在那不勒斯时，艾玛是个明星人物。

I think in Naples, Emma was a star.

她是女王和贵族们的朋友。

She was the friend of queens and of aristocrats.

但这在英国根本没有发生，因为在那里她冒犯了，我认为，上流社会的品味和社交礼仪。

And that simply hasn't happened in Britain because there, she offends, I think, both the taste and the social mores of the upper classes.

我认为这对艾玛来说是个真正的问题，因此对纳尔逊也是，特别是因为他们把这段关系搞得如此声名狼藉。

And I think that's a real problem for Emma, but also therefore for Nelson, and particularly because they've made such a scandal of their relationship.

是啊。

Yeah.

正因为他们把这段关系搞得声名狼藉，她和威廉爵士被上流社会所排斥。

And they're because they've made a scandal of the relationship, she and Sir William are shunned by her very high society.

他们在宫廷里不受欢迎。

They are not welcome at court.

他们无时无刻不在被漫画嘲讽。

They're being mocked all the time in cartoons.

多米尼克，我认为这提醒我们，显然纳尔逊为这段关系做出了牺牲。

And I think, Dominic, it's a reminder that, obviously, Nelson has sacrificed things for their relationship.

你知道，他牺牲了自己的婚姻，但艾玛同样也做出了牺牲。

You know, he sacrificed his marriage, but Emma has sacrificed things as well.

我想如果她没有与纳尔逊开始那段婚外情，她的社交处境会好得多。

I think she would have socially been much better off if she had not embarked on the affair with Nelson.

是啊。

Yeah.

我觉得这说法可能挺公允的。

I think that's probably fair.

如果汉密尔顿夫人没有卷入这段不伦之恋，人们或许会对她更宽容些。

People might have been prepared to cut her some slack as a Lady Hamilton who is not committing an adulterous affair.

我觉得她在伦敦总会过得不容易，对吧？

I think she'd have always found it difficult, wouldn't she, back in London?

我认为总会有人对她嗤之以鼻。

I think she'd have always there would always have been people who looked down their noses at her.

但她本可能获得更多宽容的，我是这么想的。

But she might have been cut more slack, I think.

稍微多一些吧。

A little bit.

是啊。

Yeah.

但她把事情搞得更糟了。

But she makes it worse.

她非常不擅长自我公关。

She's very bad at her own PR.

所以每当她在伦敦外出时，都会大声对人说，威廉爵士遭遇了多么不公的对待，他可是个才华横溢的人。

So whenever she does go out in London, she says to people very loudly, sir William has been so hard done by such a brilliant man.

他本该在兰贝斯宫的。

He should be in the palace at Lambeth.

纳尔逊应该成为比马尔伯勒更显赫的公爵。

Nelson should be a duke greater than Marlborough.

于是人们都说，天啊，这些汉密尔顿家的人真可怕，完全就是一群贪婪的寄生虫和牢骚鬼。

And so people say, god, these Hamilton's, they're ghastly people, just massive sponges and whinges.

这时，威廉爵士对政府说，我的钱花光了。

Here, Sir William said to the government, I've run out of money.

能帮我还清债务吗？

Can you settle my debts, please?

政府回答：不行，卖掉你的艺术收藏吧。

And the government said, No, sell your art collection.

我们凭什么替你还债？

Why should we settle your debts?

我认为这段时间里，他们确实助长了纳尔逊本就有的性格缺陷——那种依赖性和自怜倾向。

And I think what happens is that they, in this period, they do feed a trait that Nelson already had, which is this kind of neediness and this self pity.

我觉得他最不讨喜的特质就是总在抱怨，向上级发牢骚，说自己没得到足够重视，应该获得更好的回报之类。

I think one of his least attractive traits that he's always moaning, moaning at his superiors, saying that he's not being taken seriously enough, that he should have better rewards, sort of this kind of thing.

这有点像还记得当年大卫·贝克汉姆还没成名时的情形。

It's a bit like do remember when it wasn't David Beckham.

有消息泄露了。

There was a leaked message.

是的。

Yes.

他想要个爵士头衔。

He wanted a knighthood.

他想要个爵士头衔，而且他当时暴跳如雷。

He wanted a knighthood, and he was absolutely furious.

我还要怎么做才行？

What more do I have to do?

不过公平地说，

But to be fair to him,

他最终还是得到了。

he got it in the end.

他确实得到了。

He did.

他确实得到了。

He did.

所以我觉得只要死缠烂打，说不定就能如愿。

So I think if you nag hard enough, maybe you get there.

这就是教训。

That's the lesson.

汤姆，这就是给你的教训。

There's a lesson for you there, Tom.

所以有些听众可能会说，这些都是来自权贵的浮夸势利言论。

So some listeners may well say, well, this is all just gassy snobbery from the establishment.

你知道，可怜的老艾玛，可怜的老尼尔森。

You know, poor old Emma, poor old Nelson.

嗯，我...我是说，我认为确实如此。

Well, I I mean, I think it is.

我认为其中确实存在势利的成分，但他们并非圣人。

Well, I think there's an element of truth that it is snobbery, but, you know, they're not saints.

就连尼尔森也不是圣人，汤姆。

Even Nelson's not a saint, Tom.

我不想打击你。

I hate to break it to you.

而且艾玛...她在这方面确实有失风度。

And and Emma does she does let herself down in this regard.

她仍在长期针对范妮，还写信给尼尔森的亲戚说范妮是个心肠冷酷、灵魂卑劣的狡猾坏女人。

She is waging this long campaign against Fanny still, and she is writing to Nelson's relatives and saying to them, Fanny is a wicked, bad, artful woman with a cold heart and infamous soul.

所有这些...我认为这展现了她最糟糕的一面。

And all of this kind I mean, this is shows her at her worst, think.

她对埃德蒙·尼尔森也有些敌意，她知道对方不认可自己。

She also get has an animus, doesn't she, a little bit against Edmund Edmund Nelson, who she knows doesn't approve of her.

因为她对亲戚们说，埃德蒙不过是范妮的傀儡。

Because she says to the relatives, Edmund is just Fanny's dupe.

埃德蒙是范妮的提线木偶，诸如此类的话。

Edmund is Fanny's puppet and all of this kind of thing.

事实上，我们知道埃德蒙与范妮关系极为亲密。

Now, actually, we know Edmund was incredibly close to Fanny.

他视她如第二个女儿。

He saw her as a second daughter.

他非常疼爱她。

He adored her.

当纳尔逊将她赶出家门时，埃德蒙对她说：'我很乐意去巴斯与你同住'。

And when Nelson kicked her out, Edmund said to her, I would happily come and live with you in Bath.

而实际上范妮拒绝了，她说：'我不想让霍雷肖与你对立'。

And actually, Fanny said no, because she said, I don't want to drive Horatio against you.

这会在你和霍雷肖之间制造裂痕，可怜的范妮啊。

This will drive a wedge between you and Horatio, which is, you know, poor old Fanny.

我认为范妮非常出色。

I think Fanny's brilliant.

非常出色。

Brilliant.

但也相当无趣。

But quite boring.

嗯，是啊。

Well, yeah.

不过或许我就喜欢无趣的人。

But I maybe I like a boring person.

是啊。

Yeah.

汤姆，你知道我比你更宽容。

You know, I'm more tolerant than you are, Tom.

我是说，大家都这么评价我。

I mean, that's everyone always says that about me.

如此宽容。

Such a tolerant.

确实如此。

They do.

如此宽容善良的人。

Such a tolerant and kind person.

于是在1801年圣诞节，我们做了最后一次尝试，想挽回纳尔逊的心。

So a funny make us one last attempt to win Nelson back in Christmas eighteen o one.

又一封令人心碎的信。

Another heartrending letter.

亲爱的丈夫，让我们重新生活在一起吧。

Do, my dear husband, let us live together.

我向你保证，我唯一的愿望就是让你开心。

I assure you I have but one wish in the world to please you.

让往事随风而去吧。

Let everything be buried in oblivion.

这一切都会像梦一样消逝。

It will pass away like a dream.

汤姆，纳尔逊是怎么回应的？

And Tom, how does Nelson reply to this?

他完全置之不理。

He completely ignores it.

而信上的批注是：被纳尔逊勋爵误拆，但未阅读。

And the comment on the letter is, Opened by mistake by Lord Nelson, but not read.

哦，这太刻薄了，不是吗？

Oh, that's harsh, isn't it?

所以，几个月后，埃德蒙终于去世了。

So, a few months after that, Edmund finally died.

他在巴斯去世。

He died in Bath.

他的葬礼在伯纳姆索普举行。

He had his funeral in Burnhamthorpe.

所有人，其他纳尔逊家族的人都去了。

Everybody, all the other Nelsons went.

但霍雷肖·纳尔逊没有去。

But Horatio Nelson did not go.

他说他病了。

He said he was ill.

罗杰·奈特在他的传记中写道，得了吧。

Roger Knight in his biography says, come on.

你知道，我们都清楚这是怎么回事。

You know, we all know what's going on here.

基本上，纳尔逊对他的父亲和他们之间的关系，以及他私人生活的转变感到非常内疚和尴尬。

Basically, Nelson feels really guilty and embarrassed about his father and their relationship and how the turn his life, private life has made.

是的。

Yeah.

但还有经典情况，你

But also the classic, you

你不想带新伴侣去。

you don't wanna take your new partner.

你知道，她不想去。

You know, she doesn't wanna go.

确实如此。

It's yeah.

是啊。

Yeah.

所以他就不去了。

So he doesn't go.

埃德蒙的死对范妮来说其实是个坏消息，因为家族其他人随后就与她断绝了联系。

Edmund's death is pretty bad news for Fanny actually, because the rest of the family then cut her off.

不过纳尔逊的一些同僚军官确实一直与她保持联系，对吧？

Some of Nelson's fellow officers though did keep in touch with her, didn't they?

所以托马斯·哈代——这个在很多方面其实相当不讨喜的男人，尤其热衷鞭刑——却非常努力地与范妮保持联系。

So Thomas Hardy, who in many ways is actually quite an unattractive man with his enthusiasm for the lash, he made a great effort to keep in touch with Fanny.

经常和她共进早餐，有封信他写给兄弟说：'我刚和范妮·纳尔逊吃过早餐'。

Used to have breakfast with her, and there's a letter that he writes to his brother and said, oh, I've just had breakfast with Fanny Nelson.

他说：'她是世界上最好的女人之一'。

She's she's one one of the best women in the world, he said.

高度赞扬。

High praise.

我觉得有趣的是，在这之后你能看出纳尔逊对自己感到沮丧，因为他随后安排了一次类似宣传巡演的活动，届时会有大批民众前来欢呼喝彩，盛赞他的卓越非凡。

And I think it's interesting that in the wake of all this, you can tell that Nelson is feeling bad about himself because he then arranges to go on a kind of publicity tour in which loads of people will turn out and and give him huzzahs and and say how brilliant he is.

于是他在'2'中启程，与汉密尔顿一家同游威尔士。

So he goes in the '2, He and the Hamiltons go on a trip to Wales.

实际上，这次出行是由格雷维尔提议的——他是艾玛昔日的（你懂的）情人，早在多年前就与她有过关系——他想在威尔士开发一个港口。

And actually, it's prompted by Greville, who is Emma's old you know, she'd been mistress to him eons before, and he wants to develop a port in Wales.

所以这是他们此行的表面理由。

So that's the ostensible reason that they go.

但实际上，这就像摇滚明星的巡演。

But actually, it's like a kind of rock star on tour.

我认为这对确立纳尔逊作为真正民族英雄的地位起到了关键作用，因为此前从未有人这样做过。

And I think that it it plays a crucial role in establishing Nelson as a genuinely national hero because no one has ever done this before.

我的意思是，或许王室成员偶尔有过类似举动，但这确实像某种皇家巡礼。

I mean, maybe royals have on occasion, but it is like a kind of royal progress.

他是第一个这样做的平民。

It's he's the first commoner to do this.

这次巡演，你知道，某种意义上巩固了他与英国民众之间的关系。

And it has this you know, it it kind of seals the relationship between him and the people of Britain, I think.

是啊。

Yeah.

不过我觉得此时的纳尔逊身上带着一丝忧郁，你知道

I think there's a slight melancholy to Nelson, though, do know, at this

当然。

Of course.

在这些年里。

During these Yeah.

这些年。

These years.

当人们去吃饭时，他们会说，你知道，艾玛负责所有谈话，而他只是安静地坐在那里，望着窗外。

When people went to dinner, they would say, you know, Emma does all the talking, and he sits there very quietly sort of staring out of the window.

而且他总是穿着黑色衣服。

And he was always wearing black.

我是说，他并不是在服丧。

I mean, he that's not this is in mourning.

这只是因为他经常穿着非常保守的风格，讽刺的是考虑到和他一起生活的人。

It's just because he he often he dressed in a very conservative style, ironically, given who he's living with.

嗯，我其实认为，当他回到默顿时，有艾玛在身边他是快乐的，特别是在1803年4月发生那件事之后——威廉·汉密尔顿爵士就是在那时去世的。

Well, I I think, actually, that when he when he comes back to Merton, I think he is happy with Emma there, and I think particularly after what happens in April '3, which is when sir William Hamilton dies.

我是说，艾玛为他哀悼。

I mean, Emma mourns him.

纳尔逊也为他哀悼。

Nelson mourns him.

他在艾玛怀中去世，纳尔逊握着他的手。

He dies in Emma's arms, and Nelson is is holding his hands.

而且你知道，艾玛对此非常难过，部分出于情感，部分也因为这会引发更多金钱问题——她原本指望能在遗嘱中获得大笔遗产。

And, you know, Emma's terribly upset about it partly emotionally, but partly also because it unleashes additional money problems because she'd been hoping to be left lots of money in his will.

但实际上，汉密尔顿已将他的地产留给了一位亲戚，她每年只能得到这700英镑的收入。

But actually, Hamilton has left his estates to a relative, and she just gets this income of £700 a year.

我认为这是因为汉密尔顿假定纳尔逊能够照顾她。

And I think that's because Hamilton is assuming that Nelson will be able to to look after her.

所以这确实是个问题。

So it it it's a problem.

而哈迪根本不喜欢她，几乎是在幸灾乐祸。

And Hardy, who doesn't like her at all, kind of basically gloats over it.

‘尼罗河英雄’的领导层将如何与她共处，我实在无法想象，至少无法以体面的方式。

How her leadership will manage to live with the hero of the Nile now, I'm at a loss to know, at least in an honorable way.

是啊。

Yeah.

这又非常非常简·奥斯汀风格。

And it's very, very Jane Austen again.

这种感觉在于，它从来不只是关乎个人情感。

This sense in which it's never just about your personal emotions.

总是关乎你的收入。

It's always about your income.

然而，抛开金钱问题不谈，现在这实际上意味着埃玛和纳尔逊可以像已婚夫妇一样生活，只是名义上不是。

However, money problems aside, it does now mean that essentially Emma and Nelson can live together as a married couple in all but name.

我认为这让两人都达到了他们一生中最幸福的时刻。

And I think that this makes both of them as happy as either of them have ever been in the course of their lives.

对他们两人来说，成为一对‘幸福已婚’（加引号）的居家夫妇有种新奇感，因为嗯。

And for both of them, there is a kind of novelty in being a happily married, inverted commas, domestic couple because Mhmm.

安德鲁·兰伯特在他的传记中引用了这个惊人的事实，这是我之前从未想到过的。

Andrew Lambert in his biography quotes this amazing fact, which I'd never kind of I'd never have thought of before.

他说当纳尔逊在10月1日从国外返回岸上时，那是他第一次在自己家里过夜。

He says that when Nelson returned ashore from abroad in October '1, It was the first time that he had ever slept in his own house.

他之前从未这样做过。

He'd never done that before.

是啊。

Yeah.

因为他之前一直和父亲同住，或是住在酒店之类的。

Because he'd been living with his father or being in hotels or whatever.

或者大部分时间都在船上。

Or on ships most of the time.

所以真是件新鲜事。

So a real novelty.

对艾玛来说，能和纳尔逊同居意味着，这是她第一次和一个不是被强迫安排的男人生活在一起。

And for Emma to lit to live with with Nelson, mean, I it's the first time she is living with a man who she hasn't been pimped to.

所以我认为，你知道，那里确实存在着真正的幸福。

So I think I think there is, you know, there is real happiness there.

然而，多米尼克，问题在于即使阳光普照时，也总有乌云在背景中集结遮蔽光芒。

However, Dominic, the problem is that even when the sun is shining, there are always clouds massing in the background to block out the rays.

真正可怕的是，如果那些乌云最终演变成战争的阴云。

What's really frightening is if those clouds turn out to be the storm clouds of war.

你知道吗？

And you know what?

过去三年间，人们越来越担忧亚眠和约——正如批评者所言——终究只是一场骗局。

Over the '3, there have been growing fears that the peace of Amiens, as its critics claimed, was just a sham after all.

因此英法两国基本上都在和平时期重整军备。

So both Britain and France have basically spent the peace rearming.

法国尤其在其海军上投入了大量资金。

The French in particular spending a lot of money on their navy.

拿破仑此时丝毫没有收敛其征服野心的迹象。

Now Napoleon has shown no sign of curbing his appetite for conquest.

1802年9月，他吞并了皮埃蒙特，自命为北意大利奇萨尔皮尼共和国的总统，随后又派兵干涉瑞士内政。

In September '2, he annexed Piedmont, and he declared himself the president of the Sisalpine Republic in Northern Italy, and then he sent troops to intervene in Switzerland.

显然他正在为下一场战争做准备。

So it's clear that he is gearing up for another go.

我认为，公平地说，英国人也并未放弃马耳他。

I suppose, just to put it in the balance, the British have not given up Malta.

是啊。

Yeah.

但换作是你呢，汤姆？

But would you, Tom?

面对这样的局势，你会放弃马耳他吗？

Would you give up Malta in the face of such a

这样的威胁？

such a threat?

不会。

No.

我不会的。

I wouldn't.

但只是将其放在天平上衡量。

But just just setting that in the balance.

是的。

Yes.

这很公平。

That's fair.

对于我们的法国听众，我们会非常感激这一点。

For for our French listener, we'll we'll appreciate that.

到了1803年转折点，英国的氛围感觉非常像1939年。

So by the turn of eighteen o three, the mood in Britain feels very, you know, 1939.

我们给了波拿巴每一个机会证明自己是和平之人，但他不可信任。

We've given Bonaparte every chance to prove himself a man of peace, but he can't be trusted.

你之前引用了伟大的海军历史学家安德鲁·兰伯特的话。

And you quoted Andrew Lambert, great naval historian earlier.

兰伯特即使不是波拿巴恐惧症患者，也绝对是波拿巴怀疑论者。

Lambert, is very much a Bonaparte skeptic, if not a Bonaparte phobe.

他最近刚出版了一本书，讲述英国如何在拿破仑战败后布局，确保波拿巴式人物永不再现。

He's actually got a book out just now on how Britain organizes things after Napoleon's defeat to ensure that a Bonaparte will never arise again.

没错。

Right.

他说，基本上波拿巴的长期目标让任何英国政府都无法接受。

Well, he says basically, Bonaparte's long term aims were such that no British government could ever have accepted them.

他想把邻国变成附庸国。

He wanted to, you know, reduce his his neighbors to client states.

他的长期目标是南意大利、希腊、埃及等地。

His long term aims were Southern Italy, Greece, Egypt, and so on.

对于一个不接受国家体系规则的政权，不可能有持久的和平，这将需要一场全面战争。

There could be no lasting peace with a regime that did not accept the rules of the state system, and this would require a total war.

于是在5月10日，英国大使阿丁顿在巴黎递交了最后通牒。

So on the May 10, Britain's ambassador, Addington's ambassador in Paris, hands over an ultimatum.

他们要求法国人撤出荷兰和瑞士。

They want the French to pull out of Holland and Switzerland.

英国尤其想保留在马耳他的这个海军基地。

They want Britain particularly to keep this naval base in Malta.

他们没有收到回复。

They get no reply.

一周后，英国向法国宣战。

And a week later, Britain declares war on France.

所有人都明白，这场战争不会像七年战争那样。

And everybody knows that this will be it's not going to be like the Seven Years' War.

击败法国将需要全国总动员。

Beating France will be a total national mobilization.

我认为拿破仑战争作为生存挑战，在公众想象中已被世界大战所掩盖。

The Napoleonic wars have been eclipsed, I think, in our popular imagination by the world wars as an existential challenge.

但它们确实是一场关乎存亡的挑战。

But an existential challenge is exactly what they are.

为了让你们感受一下，战争爆发两个月后，一直抱病的威廉·皮特重返下议院，发表了一场震撼人心的演讲，为他昔日的同僚们提振士气。

And to give you a flavor, two months into the war, William Pitt, who's been ill, comes back to the commons, he gives an incredible speech kind of stiffen the nerves of his old colleagues.

丘吉尔式的演讲。

Churchillian speech.

他说，这不仅仅是一场普通的战争。

And he says, this is not just another war.

这是一场对抗独裁者的战争，他背弃了所有承诺且不择手段。

It's a war against a dictator who's broken all his promises and will stop at nothing.

我们被召唤去奋斗，不仅是为了这个国家的命运，更是为了整个文明世界的命运。

We are called to struggle for the destiny not of this country alone, but of the civilized world.

这是一场为我们财产而战的战争。

This is a war for our property.

是为我们的自由而战。

It is for our liberty.

是为我们的独立而战，不，是为我们作为一个国家的存亡而战。

It is for our independence, nay for our existence as a nation.

是为我们的品格而战。

It is for our character.

是为我们作为英格兰人的尊严而战。

It is for our very name as Englishman.

是为现世人类一切珍贵而宝贵的事物而战。

It is for everything dear and valuable to man on this side of the grave.

我认为，正如丘吉尔在1940年号召英国投入全面战争一样，皮特此刻也在做同样的事。

And I think that just as Churchill was summoning Britain in 1940 to a total war, Pitt is doing the same.

这是一次对财政与人力的伟大动员。

And it's a great mustering of finance and manpower.

而这一努力的核心便是皇家海军。

And the focus of that effort is the Royal Navy.

我认为，维持皇家海军在这场战争中的实力，可能是当时历史上任何国家所承担的最大规模的项目，也是二十世纪全面战争的前兆。

And the maintaining of the Royal Navy in this war is, I think, probably the greatest project undertaken by any state in history up until that point, and it is a precursor of the total wars of the twentieth century.

这是一个极其重大的时刻。

It is a massive, massive moment.

在皇家海军的所有武器中，我想有两样尤为突出。

And of all the Royal Navy's weapons, I suppose two stand out.

其中一样我们非常熟悉，就是纳尔逊本人。

So one of them we're very familiar with, Nelson himself.

他在战争爆发当天就接到了命令。

He's given his orders on the day war breaks out.

接管地中海舰队指挥权，前往马耳他，然后驶向土伦，最好能摧毁法国舰队。

Take command of the Mediterranean Fleet, proceed to Malta, and then head to Toulon, ideally to destroy the French fleet.

同一天，5月18日，他抵达朴茨茅斯接管另一件强大武器。

And that same day, the May 18, he arrives in Portsmouth to take control of the other great weapon.

这就是他的新旗舰，英国有史以来建造的最伟大的战舰之一。

And this is his new flagship, one of the greatest ships that Britain has ever built.

这艘船已有近50年历史，但在船坞中维修了三年。

She is almost 50 years old, but she's been in the dockyards for repairs for three years.

它是一艘三层甲板的一级战列舰，配备850名水兵和104门火炮。

She's a first rate ship of the line with three decks, 850 sailors, and a 104 guns.

终极战斗机器，反抗独裁者的伟大武器。

The supreme fighting machine, the great weapon to defy the dictator.

她的名字，当然，汤姆，就是胜利。

And her name, of course, Tom, is the victory.

那么，你知道吗，多米尼克？

Well, do you know, Dominic?

我被爱国情怀深深淹没，需要休息一下。

I feel so overwhelmed by patriotism that I need to have a break.

我相信其他人也一样。

I'm sure everyone else does as well.

所以我们就这么做吧。

So let's do that.

等我们回来时，战争就将开始。

And when we come back, the war begins.

本集由Uber赞助播出。

This episode is brought to you by Uber.

你可曾有过那种感觉——在你最需要时有人为你出现？

Now do you know that feeling when someone shows up for you when you need it most?

我们有时都需要这样的时刻，而Uber深知这一点。

We all need that sometimes, and Uber knows it.

Uber不仅仅提供出行或送餐服务。

Uber isn't just a ride or a meal delivered.

它代表着无论如何都会如约而至的承诺。

It's showing up no matter what.

就像对你远方的朋友那样，在他们生病时送去热汤，在他们低落时送上鲜花。

Like for your long distance friends, bringing soup when they're sick, sending flowers when they're down.

当真正重要的事情发生时，无论是什么，你都会出现。

When it really matters, whatever it is, you show up.

只要有决心，我们就在路上。

Where there's a will, we're on our way.

优步，即刻出发。

Uber, on our way.

立即下载应用。

Download the app today.

你好。

Hello.

欢迎回到《历史的余韵》，今天我们将以拿破仑时代的风格讲述全面战争。

Welcome back to the rest is history and to total war Napoleonic style.

现在我们身处1803年。

So we are in the '3.

纳尔逊已抵达马耳他。

Nelson has arrived in Malta.

他接任地中海战区总司令，并在土伦法国基地外围建立了封锁线。

He's taken over as commander in chief in the Mediterranean, and he has established himself, in command of a blockade outside the French base at Toulon.

多米尼克，我猜这对他是非常甜蜜的时刻，因为他之前只是代理总司令，后来被基思勋爵取代。

Dominic, I'm guessing this is a very sweet moment for him because, he'd been acting commander in chief before, but then he'd been replaced by lord Keith.

海军部愿意让他指挥地中海战区，这反映出他声誉的提升，以及政府现在愿意给予他的信任程度。

And the fact that the admiralty are happy to give him command of the Mediterranean Theater reflects the the rise in his reputation, the degree of trust that government is now prepared to place in him.

是的。

Yeah.

我认为没错。

I think that's right.

我认为他已完全从几年前的低谷中翻身，现在被视为当之无愧的领袖人物。

I think he's completely redeemed himself from the low point a couple of years earlier, and he is seen as the only man for the hour.

现在他的任务听起来可能有些乏味。

Now his task might sound a bit dull.

本质上，他必须摧毁法国舰队，但众所周知法国舰队几乎不可能主动出击等着被歼灭。

Basically, he has to destroy the French fleet, but everyone knows the French fleet is very unlikely to come out to be destroyed.

所以问题将演变为长期围困——用封锁战术困住他们。

So it's going to be a question of bottling them up in too long, blockading them.

但这至关重要，正如你在休息前提到的，对英国而言这场战争的胜负取决于海上而非陆地。

But it's so important because, as you said before the break, this is a war that for Britain will be won and lost on the seas, not on land.

因为如果法国人夺取了制海权，一切就完了。

Because if the French were to win control of the seas, that's it.

如果他们控制了英吉利海峡。

If they get control of the channel.

这就是关键所在，不是吗？

Well, that's the key, isn't it?

因为本质上他们不需要掌控所有海域。

Because basically, they don't need to win control of all the seas.

他们只需要控制多佛海峡——大概二十四小时就够了。

They just need to win control of the Straits Of Dover for, what, twenty four hours.

显然，对英国人而言，防范这一威胁的关键在于掌控海峡指挥权。

And obviously, the focus of guarding against that prospect for the British is the channel command.

但土伦舰队同样至关重要，因为一旦他们成功突围，突破封锁穿越直布罗陀海峡，就可能参与入侵英国、爱尔兰或英国在加勒比海的领地，从而形成牵制。

But the fleet in Toulon is crucial as well because if they do manage to break out, to slip past the blockade, go out through the Straits Of Gibraltar, then they could, you know, join in the invasion of of Britain or of Ireland or of Britain's holdings in the Caribbean, which would then act as a possible distraction.

要知道，舰队可能会从海峡调派。

You know, fleets might be sent from the channel.

因此纳尔逊面临着多方面的风险。

So there's all kinds of jeopardy in play for Nelson.

确实如此。

There is indeed.

封锁听起来虽不如战斗刺激，但作为攻防兼备的手段，其重要性不言而喻。

And a blockade I mean, a blockade sounds not as exciting as a battle, but a blockade is really, really important both as a defensive weapon and as an attacking one.

事实上，在接下来的十二年里，英国的战略核心就是封锁法国港口，扼杀其贸易，挤压其经济，并策动法国的卫星国脱离拿破仑。

Actually, for the next twelve years, Britain's strategy will basically be to blockade France's ports, to suffocate its trade, to squeeze its economy, and really to persuade France's satellites that they'd be better off if they broke with Napoleon.

我们现在知道这个策略确实奏效了。

And we know now that this strategy works.

虽然耗时漫长，但它迫使拿破仑建立了大陆封锁体系。

It takes a long time, but it pushes Napoleon to construct his continental system.

当俄国退出大陆体系时，他便发动了对俄战争。

When the Russians break with the continental system, he invades Russia.

他犯下了从莫斯科撤退等一系列致命错误。

He makes the terrible mistake, the retreat from Moscow, all of this kind of thing.

这一切都可追溯至英国通过海上封锁挤压他的战略。

All of this you can trace back to that British strategy of basically squeezing him by sea.

当然，当时的弊端是没人知道这会奏效，而且这真的是非常、非常艰苦的工作，不是吗？

The downside though, of course, nobody knows it then, that it's gonna work, and it's really, really hard work, isn't it?

因为纳尔逊拥有11艘战列舰、15艘护卫舰和7艘支援舰，他必须让这些舰船长期远离本土保持战备状态。

Because Nelson has 11 ships to the line, 15 frigates, seven support ships, and he has to keep them in play far from home the whole time.

他必须确保船员健康、食物充足、水源补给，所有这些都要做到。

He has to keep them healthy, well fed, watered, all of this.

问题是，从长远来看，纳尔逊和胜利号上的船员将连续两年无法踏上陆地。

Well, the thing is that in the long run, Nelson and the crew on the victory will not set foot on dry land for two years.

所以这些舰船是长期在外执勤的。

So those ships are permanently out there.

是啊。

Yeah.

没有休息时间。

There's no break.

没有休假。

There's no leave.

他在这两年里，要么在胜利号的舱室里，要么在后甲板上工作，头顶挂着艾玛和霍雷希娅的肖像画。

And he spent so that's two years for him in the the cabin or on the quarter deck of the Victory, working beneath his portraits of Emma and Horatia.

胜利号本身由他的老搭档哈迪指挥。

The Victory itself is run by his old mate, Hardy.

你绝对不想得罪哈迪这个人。

And Hardy is you don't wanna get on the wrong side of Hardy.

哈迪下令204

Hardy ordered 204

十二个月内实施鞭刑。

floggings in twelve months.

他有个名声——如果你做错事，那将是可鞭打的罪行，他会毫发无损地滑到你身后逮捕你。

And he had this reputation that if you were doing something wrong, that was a floggable offense, he would glide up unhurt behind you and apprehend you.

因此他的绰号叫'幽灵'。

And so his nickname was the ghost.

他基本上就像个可怕的校长，对吧？

He's like a terrifying headmaster basically, isn't he?

荷兰，又行为不端了。

Miss behaving again, Holland.

课后到我这里来领鞭子。

You'll see me afterwards for a flogging.

所以我想对纳尔逊来说，这让他能扮演仁慈的角色。

And so I guess the upside for Nelson is it allows him to to play the benevolent.

我不认为他在演戏。

I don't think he's playing it.

是吗？

Is he?

我是说，我觉得那不是他的天性本能。

I mean, I think that's not that's his kind of natural instincts.

我觉得他用一种男子汉的方式爱着他的船员。

I think he loves his crew in a kind of manly way Yeah.

显然。

Obviously.

橡木之类的东西。

Parts of Oak and all that.

但再次引用安德鲁·兰伯特的话，他对此见解独到。

But to quote Andrew Lambert again, he's so good on this.

与纳尔逊共事就会爱上他。

To work with Nelson was to love him.

即使是最铁血的老兵也无法抗拒他的勇气、奉献精神和魅力。

Even the most hard bitten veterans were unable to resist his courage, commitment, and charisma.

他的同事就是他的朋友，他期待的是他们的爱戴与忠诚，而非仅仅是效劳。

His colleagues were his friends, and he expected their love and loyalty, not mere service.

我担心听众可能会觉得我们对纳尔逊的赞美有些过头了。

And I I worry that listeners may be thinking that we're over egging the Nelson adulation.

但我认为他身上确实有种必须反复强调的魅力特质，否则他的成就就难以解释。

But I think there is clearly qualities of charisma that you have to keep harping upon because otherwise, his his achievements don't make sense.

如果他只是个严厉的纪律执行者，他不可能做到这些。

If he was just a strict disciplinarian, he wouldn't be able to carry this off.

关键在于他能激励人们完成原本可能不会去做的事。

It's the fact that he is able to inspire people to do what otherwise they might not have done.

嗯，他确实做到了。

Well, he does it by yeah.

他们在海上漂泊了漫长的时间。

They're at sea for a heck of a long time.

他帮助他们组织起来。

He helps them to organize.

我是说，这听起来可能有点小气，但他们有这些小戏剧和音乐评论，而他就会去看。

They I mean, it sounds petty, but they have these little plays and musical reviews, and he will go to watch them.

他会巡视甲板，和船员们聊天。

He'll tour the decks and chat to the men.

很多舰长和海军将领都不会这么做。

And a lot of captains and admirals do not do this.

存在一种距离感。

There is a distance.

纳尔逊身上就没有那么强的距离感。

There isn't very there was not so much of a distance with Nelson.

当然，你也知道，如果你要在船上待上两年，物资补给是必须的。

And also, of course, you know, if you're on board a ship for two years at a time, you need to be supplied.

纳尔逊不只有冲劲和魅力。

And Nelson isn't all about dash and charisma.

他还是个非常、非常优秀的组织者。

He is also a very, very good organizer of things.

我的意思是，他知道他的舰队必须得到补给。

I mean, he knows that that, you know, his ships have to be supplied.

所以你在书里写了这个。

So you you've you've written that.

一年内，他们将需要1881吨面包。

In a year, they will need 1,881 tonnes of bread.

哦，我是说，光是物资就数以百万计。

Oh, I mean, just millions of stuff.

成加仑的啤酒、成吨的牛肉、猪肉、豌豆、燕麦片、黄油、奶酪和醋。

The gallons of beer, tonnes of beef, pork, peas, oatmeal, butter, cheese, vinegar.

虽然其中大部分物资是由英国德特福德的补给委员会提供的，但并非全部如此。

And although a lot of this is kind of supplied by the whittling board back in Deptford in England, not all of it is.

纳尔逊显然需要采购大量物资，尤其是各种水果，这些水果能有效预防坏血病。

Nelson has to source a lot of material, obviously, kind of fruit in particular, which keeps scurvy at bay.

所以橙子、柠檬，以及让美国人给英国人起了'酸橙佬'绰号的臭名昭著的酸橙。

So oranges and lemons and the notorious limes that gives Americans the nickname for Englishmen, limeys.

这是他从圣文森特那里学来的——这位他视为精神导师的人物教会他保持士兵健康状态的重要性。

And this is something that he's picked up from St Vincent, his kind of great father figure, the importance of maintaining his men in a condition of health.

因此纳尔逊对胜利号上的一位军医说：'在所有军事行动中，健康最为重要。让军官保持士兵健康，比让医生治疗病人要容易得多。'

And so Nelson says to a physician that comes on board the victory that the great thing in all military service is health, and it is easier for an officer to keep men healthy than for a physician to cure them.

他船上专为他服务的伙食官，甚至远赴俄罗斯采购食物。

His own vetler on board the ship who's serving him directly on board the ship, he ends up sourcing food from as far away as Russia.

皇家海军历史学家NAM Roger曾这样评价纳尔逊的水手：'他们当时必定是全世界最健康的英国子民群体。'

And NAM Roger, the great historian of the Royal Navy, says of Nelson's sailors, you know, in this period that they must have been the healthiest body of British subjects in the world.

因为即便没有细菌理论，在船上他们也明白禁止上岸休假的原因之一就是可能感染疾病。

Because even though there isn't any germ theory, to be on board the ship, they understand that going aboard one of the reasons that they don't allow leave is because there, you might pick up infections.

他们虽不了解具体原理，但知道那很危险。

They don't understand how or why, but they know that it's bad.

因此在某种意义上，待在船上反而能让你保持健康。

And and therefore, in a sense, you're kind of you're kept healthy by being on board the ship.

确实如此。

And Yeah.

而且，基本上，胜利号上的人不会生病。

And, basically, people on board Victory do not fall sick.

嗯，这提醒我们纳尔逊不仅仅是个伟大的战士。

Well, it's a reminder that Nelson's not just a great warrior.

他实际上是个出色的官僚。

He's actually a great bureaucrat.

因为要做这些事，你知道，你得处理账本，派遣人员等等这类事务。

Because to do all this, you know, you're messing around with ledgers, and you're sending out staff and all of this kind of thing.

他是个优秀的管理者。

He's a good manager.

他擅长所有这些事情。

He's good at all these kinds of things.

为了强调这一点，他们在没有休息的情况下等待了长达二十二个月。

And to emphasize the point, they're waiting off too long for twenty two months without a break.

这不是纳尔逊喜欢做的事。

Now this is not what Nelson enjoys doing.

他不喜欢封锁战。

He doesn't like blockades.

封锁战非常无聊。

Blockades are very boring.

他更愿意引诱敌人出来并将其彻底歼灭。

He would much rather lure the enemy out and destroy them completely.

而这最终就是他的计划，不是吗？

And that's ultimately his plan, isn't it?

这就是他的作战计划。

That's his battle plan.

因此，即便他在维持封锁的同时，也必须让法国人嗅到一丝可能突破防线的机会，否则他将永远无法实现其歼灭战的宏伟抱负。

So even while he's maintaining the blockade, he has to kind of give the French a sniff of the possibility that they might be able to slip past because otherwise, he will never be able to have the battle of annihilation that is his great ambition.

毫无疑问，听众们不会惊讶于听到纳尔逊花大量时间忧心自己的健康状况。

Undoubtedly, will not surprise listeners to hear that Nelson spends a lot of time brooding about his health.

他饱受夜间盗汗和心悸的困扰。

He's got all his night sweats and his heart palpitations.

他写信给艾玛说，我的视力正在衰退。

He's writing to Emma to say, my eyesight is failing.

我瘦得连戒指都从手指上滑落。

I'm so thin that the rings are slipping from my fingers.

我对你的爱如同海洋般无边无际。

My love for you is as unbounded as the ocean.

这既深刻又富有独创性。

It's very profound and original.

他也在给霍雷肖写信，不是吗？

And he's writing to Horatio as well, isn't he?

是的，确实如此。

Yes, he is.

说真的，这很美好。

So this is lovely, actually.

这真的非常美好。

This is really lovely.

他在1803年10月给霍雷肖写了第一封信。

He writes his first letter to Horatio in October 1803.

他说：‘我亲爱的孩子，收下这封来自你最慈爱父亲的第一封信。’

He says, my dear child, receive this first letter from your most affectionate father.'

所以他在这里很直白。

So he's up front there.

是的。

Yes.

他在认可她。

He's acknowledging her.

然后几个月后，1804年1月，他寄出——她这时多大了？

And then a few months later, January 1804, he sends how old is she at this point?

我想她大概三岁？

She's like three, I think?

对。

Yeah.

他寄给她一绺自己的头发和一块手表，‘我允许你在周日穿戴，以及在你盛装打扮且表现特别好的重要日子。’

He sends her a lock of his hair and a watch, which I give you permission to wear on Sundays, and on very particular days when you're dressed and have behaved exceedingly well.

‘我已亲吻过它，并带着你的纳尔逊与布朗特的深情祝福寄出。’

I've kissed it and send it with the affectionate blessing of your Nelson and Bronte.

向自己的女儿炫耀他的头衔。

Boasting about his titles to his own daughter.

还在炫耀他的头衔。

Still boasting about his titles.

确实如此。

Exactly.

但他始终在沉思，焦躁不安地等待这个机会，等待与法国舰队的决战。

But all the time, he is brooding, straining at the leash, waiting for this chance, for this showdown with the French fleet.

因为他知道，只需再取得一场胜利，就能彻底在海上击溃他们。

Because he knows one more victory is probably all that it will take to crush them at sea for good completely.

要知道，他们不可能再经历一次尼罗河战役了。

You know, they can't have another battle of the Nile.

他们或许还能再尝试一次，但仅此而已。

They can maybe have one more go, but that's it.

我认为他相信这会成真，因为他真心实意地视自己为神圣旨意的执行者。

I think he thinks it's gonna happen because I he genuinely, I think, sees himself as, you know, the agent of divine purpose.

因此当他给海军部写信时，他会反复用这些措辞来阐述他的使命，这种写法在海军其他将领的信件中绝无仅有。

So when he writes letters to the admiralty, he frames his mission in these terms again and again in a way that has no comparison with letters written by other figures in the navy.

需要重申的是，这确实要求他即便在维持封锁的同时，也要让法国人嗅到一丝可能突破防线的机会。

I mean, just to reiterate, this does require him, even as he's maintaining the blockade, to give the French the sniff of a chance that they might be able to to to get past him.

现在我们来到'4年。

So we get to the '4.

国内的阿丁顿政府已经倒台。

Addington's government back home has fallen.

皮特重新出任首相。

Pitt is back as prime minister.

有更多报告称拿破仑正在海峡沿岸集结入侵部队。

There are more reports of Napoleon building up an invasion force on the Channel Coast.

没人知道拿破仑在谋划什么。

Nobody knows what Napoleon is planning.

那年九月，纳尔逊已年满46岁。

Nelson in September that year turned 46.

他对朋友说自己感觉像个在黑暗中迷失的人。

He said to friends that he felt like a man lost in the dark.

实际上他此时正考虑休假，因为维持封锁的工作让他精疲力竭。

He's actually thinking at this point of going on leave because he's so tired from the work of maintaining the blockade.

你可以感觉到，在22个月的胜利之后，士气真的开始涣散。

And you can sense on the victory after twenty two months, morale is really beginning to fray.

这是枯燥而繁重的工作。

This is boring, grueling work.

航海日志等记录显示，因行为不端而遭受鞭刑的情况更多了。

The log books and whatnot show that there are more floggings for bad behavior.

醉酒、无礼和违抗命令的事件也更多了，因为人们感到无聊。

There are more incidents of drunkenness and insolence and insubordination because people are bored.

他们厌倦了待在那里。

They're sick of being there.

到这个阶段，他们连彼此都看不顺眼了。

They're sick of each other at this stage.

所以幽灵滑翔的次数更多了。

So a lot more gliding for the ghost.

是的。

Yes.

幽灵们正玩得尽兴。

The ghosts having a brilliant time.

然后突然爆出猛料。

And then a bombshell.

英国人得知波拿巴与西班牙达成了秘密协议。

The British learn that Bonaparte has struck a secret deal with Spain.

西班牙同意每年支付数千万法郎的补助金，唯一能摆脱这个协议的方式就是他们实际加入法国一方参战。

The Spanish have agreed they will hand over a subsidy of tens of millions of francs a year, and the only way for them to get out of it is if they actually joined the war on the French side.

威廉·皮特下令对南美洲的财宝舰队实施先发制人的打击。

William Pitt orders basically a preemptive strike against the South American treasure fleet.

结果事态严重失控。

It goes horribly wrong.

一艘名为'梅赛德斯号'的船只拒绝投降。

A ship, the Mercedes, doesn't surrender.

英军向其发射警告炮。

They fire warning shots at it.

炮弹击中了弹药库。

They hit the magazine.

梅赛德斯号发生爆炸。

The Mercedes explodes.

造成200人丧生。

200 people are killed.

西班牙随即对英国宣战，这对英国的战争计划而言是场灾难。

Spain then declares war on Britain, a catastrophe for the British war plan.

因为尽管西班牙已不复当年之勇，但若将法国与西班牙舰队联合起来，其战列舰数量以102艘对83艘超过了英国皇家海军。

Because although the Spanish are not the power that they once were, when you combine the French and Spanish fleets, they outnumber the Royal Navy by a 102 ships of the line to 83 ships of the line.

还有，这个

And also, this

这就是为什么尼尔森的苦啤不得不开始销往俄罗斯等地，因为西班牙的所有水果现在都被禁运了。

is why Nelson's bitter has to start going to Russia and other such places because all the fruit in Spain is now embargoed.

正是如此。

Exactly.

然后，汤姆，你刚才说尼尔森想引诱他们出来。

And then, Tom, you were saying Nelson wants to lure them out.

所以他总是给他们留一线希望，不是吗？

So he's always left them the little sniff of a chance, hasn't he?

法国人。

The French.

到了1805年1月，局势发生了剧变。

Now in January '5, a shattering development.