华盛顿严打行动，欧洲的普京-特朗普争夺战，福特推出更实惠电动车

华盛顿特区的暴力犯罪率处于三十年来最低水平，但特朗普总统已启动对地方警力的联邦接管并部署了国民警卫队。许多特区居民对此表示怀疑。

Violent crime is at a thirty year low in Washington DC, but president Trump has launched a federal takeover of local police and deployed the National Guard. Many DC residents are skeptical.

这只会造成更多损害。

It's gonna cause more damage.

这实际要怎么运作？

How is this actually going to work?

我是艾美·马丁内斯，这位是米歇尔·马丁，这里是NPR新闻首发。欧洲领导人正竭力争取在特朗普计划与俄罗斯领导人会晤结束乌克兰战争前与他进行会谈。这些和平谈判会更成功吗？

I'm Eme Martinez. That's Michelle Martin, and this is a first from NPR News. European leaders are scrambling to get Trump to sit down with them ahead of his planned meeting with Russia's leader to end the war in Ukraine. Will these peace talks be more successful?

福特正在打造更便宜的电动卡车。

And Ford is building a cheaper electric truck.

它将拥有惊人的续航——能为您的房屋供电六天，起售价定为三万美元。

It will have amazing range. It can power your house for six days, and we're gonna start the vehicle at $30,000.

它能与中国车型竞争吗？请持续关注，我们将为您带来开启一天所需的新闻。

Can it compete with Chinese models? Stay with us. We've got news you need to start your day.

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Support for this podcast and the following message come from Made In Cookware. President and cofounder Jay Kalik shares the key ingredients that go into Made In products.

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Learn more about Made in Cookware at madeincookware.com. Support for NPR and the following message come from GoodRx. School's back, and so are the germs. Thankfully, there's GoodRx. With GoodRx, you can find big savings at the pharmacy all year round.

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Compare prescription prices at over 70,000 pharmacies and instantly find discounts of up to 80%. GoodRx is not insurance, but it may beat your copay if you do have insurance. Get simple, smart savings on back to school prescriptions at goodrx.com slash up first. Support for NPR and the following message come from the Pew Charitable Trusts sharing about the state of housing in America on the after the fact podcast available at pewtrusts.org slash after the fact.

特朗普总统表示将动用国民警卫队和大都会警察打击华盛顿特区的犯罪分子。

President Trump says he'll use the National Guard and Metropolitan Police to target criminals in Washington DC.

没错。但犯罪分子并非他唯一的目标。特朗普还呼吁清除首都的无家可归者，其最激烈的言辞多针对年轻人。

Yeah. But criminals aren't his only targets. Trump also called for the nation's capital to be purged of people without housing, and much of his toughest rhetoric was aimed at young people.

NPR的布莱恩·马努斯现在加入我们，为我们详细解读。早上好，布莱恩。

NPR's Brian Manus with us now to tell us more about all this. Good morning, Brian.

早上好，米歇尔。

Good morning, Michelle.

特朗普将此次打击行动与他针对移民的强硬举措相提并论。他现在的重点目标是谁？

So Trump has compared this crackdown to his aggressive effort to target migrants. Who is Trump focused on now?

是的。特朗普常用严厉措辞描述在美外国人，尤其是非法居留者。昨天在白宫记者会上，他用类似言辞指控某些美国群体正在破坏首都。

Yeah. Trump often uses really harsh language to describe foreign people living in The US, especially those without legal status. During this press conference at the White House yesterday, he used similar rhetoric to describe groups of Americans he accuses of destroying the nation's capital.

我们的首都已被暴力团伙、嗜血罪犯、游荡的野蛮青年、吸毒疯子和无家可归者占领。

Our capital city has been overtaken by violent gangs and bloodthirsty criminals, roving mobs of wild youth, drugged out maniacs and homeless people.

司法部数据显示华盛顿暴力犯罪处于三十年来最低水平，但特朗普声称要严惩市民。他表示大都会警察将在联邦管控下采取更激进行动至少三十天。用他的原话是：警察将能够——我直接引用特朗普的说法——'想他妈怎么干就怎么干'。

Violent crime is at a thirty year low according to the the justice department in Washington, but Trump says he wants city residents dealt with harshly. He said metropolitan police are gonna operate a lot more aggressively under federal control for at least the next thirty days. In his words, cops will be able to, and I'm quoting Trump here, do whatever the hell they want.

显然，我们稍后会了解更多细节。但首先，让我们解析一下特朗普提到的那份名单。请详细说明他具体指的是哪些人群。

So, obviously, we're gonna hear more about that. But first, let's break down that list of people that Trump mentioned. Tell us more about who he seems to be talking about.

首先，特朗普指的是犯罪分子。而在这类案件中，往往涉及青少年，其中许多是非裔。华盛顿时常面临年轻人（包括部分女孩）驾驶全地形车、摩托车和四轮车引发的暴力问题。特朗普昨天对此进行了长篇大论。大都会警察局局长帕梅拉·史密斯在昨天的另一场记者会上被问及此事。

Well, first, Trump is talking about criminals. And in this case, that often means teenagers, many of them black. Washington has struggled at times with violence caused by young men and boys and some girls riding ATVs, motorcycles, and four wheelers. Trump spoke about them at length yesterday. The city's Metropolitan Police Chief Pamela Smith was asked about this issue at a separate press conference yesterday.

我们希望年轻人在城市里安全生活，享受城市活动，但绝不会容忍过去那种犯罪行为。

We want young people to be safe in our city. We want them to be able to enjoy the activities of our city, but we're not gonna tolerate that kind of, criminal activity that we've seen in the past.

米歇尔·史密斯表示，在昨天联邦政府接管大都会警察局之前，本市实施的未成年人宵禁等政策是有效的——再次强调，这里的犯罪率正在下降。

Now Michelle Smith says before yesterday's federal takeover of Metropolitan Police by Trump, the city had juvenile curfews and other policies that were working. Again, crime is down here.

在记者会上，特朗普将犯罪分子与无家可归者混为一谈，后者许多患有精神疾病或毒瘾。更强硬的警务手段会如何影响这些群体？

So during this press conference, Trump lumped criminals together with homeless people, many of them mentally ill, some experiencing addiction. How could tougher policing tactics affect those groups?

是的。采访专家们认为，若特朗普真如他所威胁的那样，强行驱逐无家可归者离开华盛顿，切断他们与家人、支持网络和医疗的联系，后果将极其严重。这些人中许多病情危重。我在一个流浪者营地采访了名叫威尔的男子。

Yeah. Experts I've been speaking to says if Trump does as he's threatened here, forcing unhoused people out of Washington away from families and support networks and their health care. It really could be devastating. Many of these people are severely ill. I spoke with a man named Will in one of the homeless camps here.

他六十多岁，要求NPR仅使用他的名字，因害怕当局会惩罚他露宿街头。

He's in his sixties. He asked NPR only use his first name because he fears authorities will punish him for sleeping on the street.

我们只求公平的工作和住房，却得不到。我们被困在这里，并非自愿。但现在我们能去哪儿？

Only thing we ask for a fair job, fair housing, and we can't get that. We stuck out here. We don't enjoy it. But now where are we supposed to go?

米歇尔，关于'这些人该去哪儿'的问题，特朗普尚未给出答案。他昨天不仅说要清除华盛顿的无家可归者，还声称要清理他所谓的'城市贫民窟'。

And, Michelle, that question, where are these people supposed to go? Trump hasn't answered that. He spoke yesterday not just of purging homeless people from Washington. He also said he plans to clear out what he described as the city's slums.

布莱恩，你也采访了些街头民众对这次严打的看法。他们怎么说？

So, Brian, you also spent some time talking to people, just people on the street about this crackdown. What did they tell you?

很多人对特朗普用强硬警力手段解决这些复杂社会问题的方案持怀疑态度。J u King是霍华德大学一名18岁的学生。

There's a lot of skepticism that Trump's approach using tough police tactics to solve these complex social problems will work. J u King is an 18 year old student at Howard University.

是的。每个城市都有犯罪、帮派和无家可归者问题，但我不认为转移这些问题就能带来解决方案。我觉得这反而会造成更多伤害。

Yes. Every city has their crime, their gangs, their homelessness, but I don't feel like the displacement of those things are going to cause the solution. I think it's gonna cause more damage.

米歇尔，人们告诉我他们想要安全的街道，但他们不希望弱势群体受到粗暴对待。

People told me they want safe streets, Michelle, but they don't want vulnerable people treated harshly.

这是NPR记者布莱恩·曼在华盛顿特区的报道。布莱恩，谢谢你。

That is NPR's Brian Mann reporting here in Washington DC. Brian, thank you.

非常感谢。

Thanks so much.

这将是自俄罗斯全面入侵乌克兰三年多以来，美国总统与俄罗斯领导人弗拉基米尔·普京的首次会晤。

It will be the first meeting between a US president and Russian leader Vladimir Putin since Russia's full scale invasion of Ukraine more than three years ago.

会晤计划于本周五在阿拉斯加举行，特朗普总统表示他此行是为了'看看普京有什么打算'。而欧洲领导人认为他们很清楚普京的意图。

It's planned for this Friday in Alaska, and president Trump says he's going there to, quote, see what Putin has in mind. Now European leaders think they know exactly what Putin has in mind.

现在让我们连线NPR驻柏林记者罗布·施密茨了解更多情况。早上好，罗布。早上好。欧洲领导人如何看待这次特朗普与普京的一对一会谈？

We go now to NPR's Berlin correspondent Rob Schmitz to hear more about this. Good morning, Rob. Morning. So how are European leaders seeing this one on one between Trump and Putin?

特朗普总统将会谈定位为讨论俄乌停火，但德国总理弗里德里希·梅尔茨等欧洲领导人质疑：如果这是结束战争的讨论，为何不邀请乌克兰总统泽连斯基参加？梅尔茨与其他欧洲领导人上周末发表联合声明称，任何和平协议都不能奖励俄罗斯的侵略行为并助长其进一步行动。

Well, president Trump has framed the meeting as a discussion for a ceasefire between Russia and Ukraine, but European leaders such as German chancellor Friedrich Maerts are questioning that if this is a discussion to end the war, then why not include Ukrainian president Volodymyr Zelenskyy? Mertz and other European leaders wrote a joint statement this past weekend saying there can be no peace that rewards Russia's aggressive actions and encourages further actions.

请详细说明这一点。他们发表这份声明想表达什么？

So say more about that. What are they getting at with that statement?

首先，他们讨论的是会议本身。美国总统与普京举行一对一会晤，而普京正是三年前下令军队入侵乌克兰的人，这本身就仿佛是一种奖赏。但他们也提到特朗普总统在峰会前几天的言论，即实现和平需要乌克兰向俄罗斯割让领土。

Well, first off, they're talking about the meeting itself. For The US president to host a one on one meeting with Putin, a man who ordered troops to invade Ukraine more than three years ago, seems like a reward in and of itself. But they're also referring to president Trump's comments in the days running up to the summit that a path to peace would require Ukraine to give up territory to Russia.

那么乌克兰总统弗拉基米尔·泽连斯基对此有何反应？

So how has Ukraine's president, Volodymyr Zelenskyy, reacted to that?

他立即予以拒绝。昨晚，泽连斯基在社交媒体发布视频，向乌克兰民众谈及即将与特朗普和普京的会晤。米歇尔，他在这里表示，根据乌克兰情报，普京并未准备通过停火来结束

Yeah. He immediately rejected that. Last night, Zelensky posted a video on social media and addressed to the Ukrainian public about this upcoming meeting with Trump and Putin, and here's what he said. And, Michel, he said here that according to Ukrainian intelligence, Putin is not preparing for a ceasefire to end

这场战争。

the war.

他说普京只想把在美国的会面包装成个人胜利，然后继续像以前一样在乌克兰发动战争。泽连斯基表示，没有迹象表明俄军接到准备战后局势的命令。相反，他说俄军正在重新部署部队，这暗示他们正准备新的进攻行动。泽连斯基说，如果有人准备和平，这不是他的做法。

He said Putin only wants to present his meeting in America as his personal victory and then continue waging war in Ukraine exactly as before. Zelenskyy said there is no indication the Russians have received orders to prepare for a postwar situation. On the contrary, he said, they're redeploying troops in ways that suggest preparations for new offensive operations. If someone is preparing for peace, said Zelenskyy, this is not what he does.

泽连斯基多次拒绝特朗普总统关于领土让步的建议。这是否会让普京更容易说服特朗普，将未能达成和平协议的责任归咎于乌克兰？

So Zelensky has many times rejected president Trump's suggestion of territorial concessions. Does it make it easier for Putin to convince Trump that Ukraine should be blamed for any failure to strike a peace deal?

确实如此。这也正是欧洲领导人希望参与这些讨论的原因。他们更有应对普京的经验，了解他在此类峰会中的策略。他们担心普京的目标不仅是借此次会晤在国内得分，还要利用它在特朗普政府与乌克兰之间制造裂痕。

Yeah. It sure does. And and this is why European leaders wanna be part of these discussions. They've had more experience dealing with Putin. They know his strategies in summits like these, and they're worried that Putin's goal here is to not only gain points at home with this meeting, but to also use it to drive a wedge between the Trump administration and Ukraine.

实质上是在说：我已为和平竭尽所能，但乌克兰因拒绝割让领土而不愿接受。因此，默克尔等欧洲领导人表示已说服特朗普与他们坐下来会谈，包括在阿拉斯加峰会前与泽连斯基会面。他们计划明天与特朗普举行所谓的紧急虚拟峰会。

Essentially saying, you know, I've done all I can to make peace, but Ukraine doesn't want it based on Ukraine's refusal to give up territory. And this is why merits and other European leaders say they've convinced Trump to sit down and meet with them, including a meeting with Zelenskyy ahead of the Alaska summit. They plan to hold what they call an emergency virtual summit with Trump tomorrow.

除了警告特朗普他们眼中普京的真实意图外，明天的会议还将聚焦哪些议题？

Apart from warning Trump about, what they consider Putin's real intentions here, what else will tomorrow's meeting focus on?

欧洲领导人明天可能会重申，他们也需要参与这些和平谈判，因为乌克兰的持久和平将涉及他们及其资源。这将需要欧盟的投资，不仅是资金，可能还包括人力。可能需要北约资源等更多支持。欧洲领导人在这一切中有着重大利益。

Well, European leaders will likely reiterate tomorrow that they will also need to be part of these peace talks because a lasting peace in Ukraine will involve them and their resources. It will require European Union investment, both in terms of money, but also probably manpower. It may require NATO resources and more. European leaders have a big stake in all of this.

这是NPR驻柏林记者罗伯·施密特。罗伯，谢谢你。

That is NPR's Berlin correspondent Rob Schmidt. Rob, thank you.

谢谢。

Thank you.

福特汽车公司正投资数十亿美元研发更经济实惠的电动车。

Ford Motor Company is investing billions in building a more affordable electric vehicle.

昨天在肯塔基州路易斯维尔的一家装配厂，福特CEO吉姆·法利站在一辆老式T型皮卡旁，对未来电动卡车大加赞赏。

At an assembly plant in Louisville, Kentucky yesterday, Ford CEO Jim Farley stood next to an old Model T pickup truck and boasted about the electric truck of the future.

它将拥有惊人的续航能力，能为您的房屋供电六天，而且起售价仅为三万美元。

It will have amazing range. It can power your house for six days, and we're gonna start the vehicle at thirty thousand dollars.

这就是福特计划在2027年前于该工厂生产的车型。

That's what Ford is planning to build at that plant by 2027.

NPR的卡米拉·多米诺斯克出席了这次发布会，她现在正在我们演播室为我们详细介绍。早上好。早上好。那么关于这款新卡车我们了解哪些信息？

NPR's Camilla Domioske was at this announcement, and she's with us now in our studios to tell us about it. Good morning. Good morning. So what do we know about this new truck?

嗯，这款卡车还有很多未解之谜。福特承诺这将是个T型车般的里程碑时刻，但我们并未实际看到车辆。相反，我们更多了解到他们将如何制造它。活动在这座约有70年历史的工厂内举行，里面非常闷热嘈杂。公司高层宣布将彻底改造该工厂，从生产福特翼虎转为生产这款新卡车。

Well, there's a lot about the truck that is still pretty mysterious. Ford was promising a model t moment here, but we didn't actually see the vehicle. Instead, we heard more about how they're going to build it. So the event was inside this factory, which is some 70 years old, very hot, very noisy inside. And the company's leaders announced that they're going to totally transform that plant from making Ford Escape to making this new truck.

高管们还谈到如何降低成本，比如将卡车分成三个独立模块组装，简化设计等。他们确实给出了三万美元的价格目标，这个价格即使对燃油卡车来说也很便宜，比目前大多数电动卡车至少低两万美元。我对这类早期价格目标总是持保留态度，因为企业之前多次未能兑现承诺，但让我们拭目以待福特能否实现。

And executives talked about how they're cutting costs. Things like assembling the truck in three separate chunks to put together and simplifying the design. You know, they did give that price target of $30,000, which is cheap even for a gas truck and at least $20,000 less than most other electric trucks are going for right now. I'm always a little skeptical about these early price targets because companies have overpromised many times before, but we'll see if Ford can do it.

那么卡米尔，请详细说说为什么福特要押注电动车，为什么是现在？

So, Camille, say more about why Ford is betting on EVs and why now?

这家公司多年来一直试图攻克电动车领域，过程相当艰难。但高管们认为必须这么做，这不仅仅关乎气候或环境——事实上本次活动完全没提这些——而是关乎全球竞争力。中国车企制造的电动车品质优良、价格低廉，在全球市场销量火爆。

Well, the company has been trying to crack EVs for years now, and it's been quite challenging. But executives think that they have to do it, and it's not just about the climate or the environment. Those were actually not mentioned at all in this event. It's about global competitiveness. Chinese automakers are making electric vehicles that are very good and very cheap, and they're selling really well around the world.

福特CEO吉姆·法利多年来警告说，对于像福特这样志在全球的车企，若无法跟上中国步伐将面临生存危机。在路易斯维尔活动后接受采访时，他直言与比亚迪等中国车企竞争的难度。

So Jim Farley, the CEO of Ford, has said for years that this is an existential threat if companies like his, which want to sell cars globally, can't keep up with that. Talking to reporters after this event in Louisville, he was really blunt about how hard it is to compete with Chinese automakers like BYD.

他们的电池会比我们便宜。他们拥有12万名动力系统工程师，我们只有1200人。唯一的竞争途径就是创新。

Their battery is gonna be cheaper than ours. They have a 120,000 powertrain engineers. We got 1,200. The only way to compete with them is innovation.

比如通过精简零部件和减重来提升效率，从根本上减少车辆对电池的需求。

Innovation like stripping parts out and weight, getting more efficient so the vehicle doesn't need as much battery in the first place.

那么卡米拉，这对购车者意味着什么？

So, Camilla, what could this mean for car buyers?

可能意味着更廉价的电动车即将面世，不仅来自福特。雪佛兰即将重新推出Bolt，特斯拉承诺推出Model Y入门版。这些车型已研发多年，恰好在特朗普政府撤销包括电动车购置税抵免在内的一系列支持政策时接近量产。而与此同时，那些超低价的中国电动车并未进入美国市场。

Well, it could mean that less expensive electric vehicles might be coming, and not just from Ford. Chevrolet is about to bring back the Bolt. Tesla is promising an entry level version of the model y. All these vehicles have been in the works for years, but it just so happens that they're approaching the finish line now at a moment when the Trump administration is rolling back a whole bunch of policies that support EVs, including the federal tax credit for people buying them. And in the meantime, those super affordable Chinese EVs, they are not available in The US.

明白吗？所以寻找价格合理的电动车将变得更困难。如果车企能成功推出这些低价新车，对有意转向电动的美国消费者来说时机正好。

Right? So finding reasonably priced EVs is about to get harder. And that means if companies can pull off these new lower priced vehicles, that's gonna be pretty good timing for American buyers, especially those who are looking to go electric.

以上是NPR记者卡米拉·达马诺斯基的报道。感谢你让我们持续关注这个...容我直言...电力十足的话题。接得好。

That is NPR's Camilla Damanoski. Thank you for keeping our coverage of this okay. I'll say it. Charged up. Good one.

这里是8月12日星期二的《晨间要闻》，我是米歇尔·马丁。

And that's up first for Tuesday, August 12. I'm Michelle Martin.

我是艾米·马丁内斯。不妨收听NPR的《深思熟虑》节目？我们会先为您带来当日三大要闻，《深思熟虑》则以独特视角聚焦单条新闻及其对您的影响，全程不超过15分钟。立即通过NPR应用或任意播客平台收听。

And I'm Ame Martinez. How about listening to Consider This from NPR? And at first, we give you the three big stories of the day. Consider This takes a different approach with a focus on a single news story and what it means to you in fewer than fifteen minutes. Listen now on the NPR app or wherever you get podcasts.

本期《Up First》节目由吉吉·杜班、莱兰·巴顿、卡罗尔·普拉托内、奥利维亚·汉普顿和亚当·比伦编辑，泽德克·布奇、德斯蒂尼·亚当斯和克里斯托弗·托马斯制作。工程支持由斯泰西·阿博特提供，技术总监是卡莉·斯特兰奇。期待明天与您再次相会。

Today's episode of Up First was edited by Gigi Duban, Rylan Barton, Carol Platone, Olivia Hampton, and Adam Biren. It was produced by Zedek Butch, Destiny Adams, and Christopher Thomas. We get engineering support from Stacy Abbott, and our technical director is Carly Strange. We hope you'll join us again tomorrow.

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本消息由NPR赞助商1Password呈现。从电子邮件到银行账户，用1Password安全接入您的线上世界，守护最重要的一切。立即访问1password.com/npr获取两周免费试用。

This message comes from NPR sponsor, one Password. Secure access to your online world from emails to banking so you can protect what matters most with one Password. For a free two week trial, go to 1password.com/npr.

本消息由Satva赞助。优质睡眠能提升运动表现、增强精力并促进记忆与学习能力。Satva床垫专为缔造此类睡眠而设计。现登录satva.com/npr，满1000美元立减200美元。

This message comes from Satva. Getting quality sleep can improve athletic abilities, increase energy, and boost memory and learning. Satva mattresses are designed to promote that kind of sleep. Save $200 on $1,000 or more at satva.com/npr.