以色列与伊朗相互发动空袭，特朗普会见日本首相，哈尔格岛未来前景

以色列对德黑兰发动了更多空袭。

Israel launched more airstrikes on Tehran.

以色列总理也回答了记者的问题。

The Israeli prime minister also answered questions.

本雅明·内塔尼亚胡对伊朗核计划以及他推动美国卷入战争的指控说了什么？

What is Benjamin Netanyahu saying about Iran's nuclear program and claims that he pushed The US into war.

我是莱拉·法尔丁。

I'm Leila Faldin.

这是史蒂文斯·基普，接下来是来自美国国家公共电台的新闻。

That's Stevens Keep, and this is up first from NPR News.

日本首相在访问白宫时对特朗普总统表达了热情的评价。

Japan's prime minister spoke warmly of president Trump in a visit to the White

我坚信，只有你，唐纳德，才能实现全球和平。

I firmly believe that it is only you, Donald, who can achieve peace across the world.

特朗普借此机会将他对伊朗的突然袭击与日本偷袭珍珠港相提并论。

Trump took the occasion to compare his surprise attack on Iran with Japan on Pearl Harbor.

此外，2200名美国海军陆战队如何能改变这场战争？

Also, how could 2,200 US Marines change the war?

这支打击力量正在前往波斯湾的路上。

The strike force is on its way to the Persian Gulf.

请继续关注我们。

Stay with us.

我们为您带来开启一天所需的新闻。

We've got the news you need to start your day.

我是《美国生活》的艾拉·格拉斯。

This is Ira Glass of This American Life.

你知道我们的节目吗？

Do you know our show?

好的。

Okay.

好吧，不管怎样，我

Well, either way, I'm

我来跟你讲讲这个。

gonna tell you about it.

我们制作的故事，开头通常以幽默的时刻、情感和人物在出人意料的情境中吸引你，然后你会忍不住想知道接下来会发生什么，根本停不下来。

We make stories that hopefully pull you in at the beginning with funny moments and feelings and people in surprising situations, and then you just wanna find out what is gonna happen and cannot stop listening.

没错。

That's right.

我说的是那种让你错过约会的故事。

I'm talking about stories that make you miss appointments.

这是《美国生活》，无论你在哪儿听播客。

This is American Life, wherever you get your podcasts.

我们刚刚结束了一周，这一周凸显了美国在对伊朗战争中与以色列的合作。

We are at the end of a week that called attention to US cooperation with Israel in the war against Iran.

本周，一名特朗普政府官员辞职，称以色列施压美国卷入战争。

This week, a Trump administration official resigned, saying that Israel had pressured The US into war.

以色列袭击了伊朗的天然气基础设施，而特朗普总统声称没人警告过他。

Israel struck Iranian natural gas infrastructure, and president Trump claimed no one warned him.

现在，以色列总理本雅明·内塔尼亚胡正在就这些事件发表自己的说法，而以色列军方正对伊朗发动新一轮空袭。

Now Israel's prime minister Benjamin Netanyahu is giving his account of those events while Israel's military launches a new wave of airstrikes across Iran.

NPR的卡莉·汗正在特拉维夫全程报道此事。

NPR's Carrie Khan is covering all this from Tel Aviv.

你好，卡莉。

Hi there, Carrie.

你好。

Hi.

早上好。

Good morning.

本雅明·内塔尼亚胡是如何描述这一切的？

How is Benjamin Netanyahu talking through all this?

昨天，在一场面向外国记者的新闻发布会上，他表示以色列独自袭击了伊朗的天然气设施，并说：‘特朗普总统要求我们暂缓任何未来的攻击，而我们确实按兵不动了。’

Yesterday at a press conference with foreign reporters, he said Israel acted alone striking that Iranian gas compound and said, quote, president Trump asked us to hold off on any future attacks, and we're holding off.

我认为没有任何两位领导人能像特朗普总统和我这样如此协调。

I don't think any two leaders have been as coordinated as president Trump and I.

他是领导人。

He's the leader.

我是，你知道的，他的盟友。

I'm, you know, his ally.

尽管特朗普声称美国事先不知道以色列的袭击，但我想告诉你，一位了解情况的消息人士告诉NPR，美国和以色列正在协调所有目标。

Even though, Trump claims The US didn't know about the Israeli strike in advance, just wanna tell you that a person briefed on the matter did tell NPR that The US and Israel are coordinating on all targets.

而且，内塔尼亚胡说，称以色列拖美国下水是假新闻。

And, again, Netanyahu says it's fake news to say Israel dragged The US into this war.

他说，没人能告诉特朗普该做什么。

He said nobody can tell president Trump what to do.

他还声称，伊朗已不再具备浓缩铀的能力。

And he claimed, Iran no longer has the capacity to enrich uranium.

他只用希伯来语做了这一声明，但没有提供任何证据。

He made that claim in Hebrew only, and he did not provide any evidence.

昨天，位于北部城市海法的一家炼油厂在这里遭到袭击。

And yesterday, an oil refinery in the northern city of Haifa was hit here.

没有造成重大损害。

There was no significant damage.

这是根据以色列能源部长的说法。

That's according to Israel's energy minister.

我必须告诉你，今天早上在以色列中部地区非常忙碌，就在两分钟前，多个反导警报响起。

And I just need to tell you, it's been a very active morning here in Central Israel with multiple anti missile sirens sounding two just minutes ago.

是的。

Yeah.

我知道在我们准备这份报道的过程中，你已经不得不多次躲进避难所。

I know you've had to go down to the shelters a couple times as we've been preparing for this report.

内塔尼亚胡声称以色列和美国的战争目标之一已经实现，却没有任何证据，这真是令人惊讶。

Remarkable that Netanyahu would claim that one of Israel's war aims and US war aims has been achieved, but he doesn't give evidence.

我们会进一步关注这一点。

We'll look for more there.

战争中还有其他什么情况发生？

And what else is happening in the war?

嗯，在波斯湾地区，今天早上也很活跃。

Well, in The Gulf, it's been active morning too.

迪拜报道称，其防空系统击落了来袭的导弹和无人机，引发了剧烈爆炸。

Dubai reporting heavy explosions there as its air defense systems engaged incoming missiles and drones.

今天，科威特的一家炼油厂也遭到袭击，卡塔尔官员统计了伊朗对当地一个大型天然气设施的打击造成的损失。

An oil refinery in Kuwait was also hit today, and Qatari officials tallied damage estimates from an Iranian strike to a major natural gas complex there.

他们表示，由此造成的收入损失将超过200亿美元。

They say it will top $20,000,000,000 in lost revenue.

昨天，沙特阿拉伯外交部长对伊朗发出警告。

And yesterday, Saudi Arabia's foreign minister had words of caution to Iran.

他说，沙特的耐心是有限的，并表示保留采取军事行动的权利。

He said the kingdom's patience is, quote, not unlimited and said a, quote, reserves the right to take military action.

好的。

Okay.

因此，在许多中东地区人民本应庆祝开斋节、结束伊斯兰圣月斋月的时候，却发生了这么多事件。

So a lot is happening at the time that should be a holiday or is a holiday for many people across the Middle East, the end of the Muslim holy month of Ramadan.

现在气氛怎么样？

What's the mood like?

这里肯定没有庆祝的气氛。

It's not celebratory mood here for sure.

以色列这里气氛紧张。

It's tense here in Israel.

今天早上，以色列警方使用催泪瓦斯驱散了一群前往耶路撒冷老城的穆斯林朝拜者。

Israeli police use tear gas to disperse a group of Muslim worshipers this morning walking toward the old city in Jerusalem.

自战争爆发以来，以色列当局关闭了阿克萨清真寺——伊斯兰教最神圣的圣地之一。

Since the war, Israeli authorities have closed the Al Aqsa Mosque, one of Islam's holiest sites.

他们以导弹袭击的安全部署为由，称该建筑群缺乏足够的避难设施。

They cite safety concerns because of incoming missile fire, They say the compound doesn't have adequate shelter.

但管理清真寺的伊斯兰机构成员穆斯塔法·阿巴斯韦表示，这些安全担忧站不住脚。

But Mustafa Abbasway, a member of the Islamic authority that manages the mosque, says those security concerns ring hollow.

他告诉我，这不过是以色列试图加强对这一圣地控制的借口。

He told me they are an excuse for Israel to exert more control over the sacred site.

他说，人们感到悲伤，需要聚在一起祈祷。

Says people are sad and need to come together to pray, he says.

所以如果你告诉他们不要去祈祷，那将是他们唯一能获得希望的地方。

So if you tell them don't go to pray, that's the only place where they could have some hope.

他说，在这些艰难的时刻，他们还能做什么来寻找希望和归属感呢？

What else can they do to find hope and community, he says, in these tough times?

当然，在黎巴嫩，人道主义危机十分严重。

And, of course, in Lebanon, the humanitarian crisis there is dire.

超过一百二十万人流离失所，死亡人数已超过一千人，这一切都源于以色列对伊朗支持的真主党武装持续发动的空袭，而这些武装分子仍在向以色列北部发射导弹。

More than 1,200,000 people now displaced and the death toll topping one thousand, and that's all from the pounding Israeli airstrikes there against Iranian backed Hezbollah militants that continue firing missiles into Northern Israel.

NPR的凯莉·汗正在特拉维夫。

NPR's Kerry Khan is in Tel Aviv.

凯莉，非常感谢你。

Kerry, thanks so much.

不客气。

You're welcome.

特朗普总统周四会见了一位盟友，他希望这位盟友帮助重新开放霍尔木兹海峡。

President Trump met Thursday with an ally whose help he wants in reopening the Strait Of Hormuz.

我期待日本能更加积极，因为你知道，我们有这种关系，而且我们也会与日本携手合作。

I expect Japan to step up because, you know, we have that kind of relationship, and we we step up with Japan.

日本首相高市早苗在白宫与特朗普会面。

Japanese prime minister, Sanae Takahichi, sat with Trump at the White House.

她还与其他五位美国盟友，包括英国和法国，共同发表了一份支持组建联盟以重新开放海峡的声明。

She also joined five other US allies, including The UK and France, in a statement supporting a coalition to reopen the strait.

但他们并未承诺提供军事援助。

But they did not commit to sending military aid.

在椭圆形办公室的会晤中，特朗普还被问及五角大楼 reportedly 要求的2000亿美元，用于资助战争。

During the Oval Office meeting, Trump was also asked about the $200,000,000,000 the Pentagon is reportedly asking for to help pay for the war.

巴黎的弗朗科·阿多尼乌斯在这里。

And Paris Franco Ardonius is here.

弗朗科，早上好。

Franco, good morning.

早上好，史蒂夫。

Good morning, Steve.

好的。

Okay.

日本能否成为中东的一个盟友和重要参与者？

Could Japan turn into an ally, a player in the Middle East?

是的。

Yeah.

我的意思是，他们肯定可以。

I mean, they definitely could.

原因之一是，特朗普因为日本从中东进口大量石油，而对日本拥有巨大影响力。

I mean, one reason is that Trump just has so much leverage with Japan because of how much oil it receives from The Middle East.

特朗普指出，多达90%的石油要经过这条海峡。

Trump pointed out that as much as 90% comes through the strait.

但显然，首相出于多种原因希望与特朗普保持友好关系，她昨天通过翻译非常谨慎地承认了特朗普在全球的影响力。

But, also, clearly, the prime minister wants to remain friendly with Trump for a lot of reasons, and she was very careful speaking through an interpreter yesterday to acknowledge Trump's power globally.

但即使在这种背景下，我坚信只有你，唐纳德，才能实现全球和平。

But even against such backdrop, I firmly believe that it is only you, Donald, who can achieve peace across the world.

弗朗科，我要指出的是，当特朗普提及日本在二战中袭击珍珠港时，她依然保持了镇定。

Franco, I'll just note she even kept her composure when Trump brought up Japan's attack on Pearl Harbor in World War two.

当时他正在为美国对伊朗的突袭辩护，称日本在1941年也做过同样的事。

He was at the time defending The US surprise attack against Iran by saying Japan did the same thing in 1941.

我们来听听。

Let's listen.

谁比日本更了解突袭呢？

Who knows better about surprise than Japan?

明白吗？

Okay?

你为什么没告诉我关于珍珠港的事？

Why didn't you tell me about Pearl Harbor?

明白吗？

Okay?

而且你当时在观察弗朗科。

And you you were watching Franco.

她可能稍微愣了一下，但对此无话可说。

She maybe flinched a little bit, but had nothing to say, about that.

话虽如此，她也没有承诺提供军事支持。

With that said, she also did not promise military support.

是的。

Yeah.

我的意思是，没错。

I mean, that's right.

我的意思是，你看。

I mean, look.

两者显然关系友好，但她确实受到宪法的某些限制。

The two are clearly friendly, but she does have some constraints constitutionally.

但她也已推动增加日本的国防开支。

But she's also moved to increase Japan's defense spending.

亚历山大·格雷曾在特朗普第一届政府时期担任国家安全委员会幕僚长，如今他在大西洋理事会工作。他告诉我，日本是美国最重要的盟友，因为其地理位置使它与美国共同面对最大的威胁——也就是中国。

Alexander Gray, who served as chief of staff at the National Security Council in the first Trump administration, he's now at the Atlantic Council, He told me that Japan is The US's most important ally because of where they sit, that they're linked by the biggest threat that they both face, which, of course, is China.

是的。

Yeah.

我认为，当你关注有关伊朗或其它全球热点地区的讨论时，如果结合美日联盟的背景，你就必须从与中国竞争的更大格局来思考。

I think when you watch the discussion about Iran or you watch the discussion about other global flashpoints in the context of The US Japan alliance, you have to think about it in that larger context of the competition with China.

我再补充一点，我昨晚会见了日本官员，他们也强调了保持关系稳固的重要性。

And I'll just add that I met with Japanese officials last night who echoed this point about keeping relations strong.

弗朗哥，这里还有另一个消息：总统现在公开表示，要求国会拨款2000亿美元用于战争经费。

Franco, the other story here, the president spoke openly now about asking congress for 200,000,000,000 to finance the war.

是的。

Yeah.

这是一笔巨额资金，对议员们来说将是一次真正的考验。

That's a really big ass, and it's gonna be a real test for lawmakers.

现在正值中期选举季。

It's midterm season.

虽然特朗普没有要求国会授权开战，但这场辩论本质上就是一场开战授权的讨论。

And while Trump did not ask congress for authorization to go to war, this debate will essentially be that.

那么，这背后的政治影响是什么？简要地说一下。

And what are the political implications here very briefly?

影响会很大。

They're gonna be big.

存在太多不确定性，但真正的问题还在于核能力。

There's so much uncertainty, but, really, there's also the question about the nuclear capabilities.

你知道，接下来会发生什么？

You know, what's gonna happen?

如果他能取消核计划，那将是一件大事。

If he can get rid of the nuclear program, that's gonna be a big deal.

但如果拖延下去，这对共和党来说将是一个真正的挑战。

But if it drags on, that's gonna be a real challenge for Republicans.

NPR白宫记者弗兰科·奥多内兹，谢谢。

NPR White House correspondent Franco Ordonez, thanks.

谢谢。

Thank you.

现在，特朗普总统昨天表示，他不会向伊朗战争派遣地面部队，并对记者补充说，如果他真的这么做，‘我肯定不会告诉你们’。

Now president Trump yesterday said he is not sending ground troops into the war with Iran and added to reporters that if he did, quote, I certainly wouldn't tell you.

众所周知，一支由2200名士兵组成的海军陆战队已部署到该地区，配备了车辆、支援舰艇和飞机。

It's known that a marine unit, 2,200 troops, was dispatched to the region with their vehicles, support ships, and aircraft.

我们不知道其目标是什么，如果有目标的话，今天早上我们将探讨一种可能性——哈尔克岛。

We don't know the objective, if any, and we'll look this morning at one possibility, Khark Island.

它位于波斯湾。

It's in the Persian Gulf.

它是伊朗石油基础设施的主要所在地。

It's the main location for Iran's oil infrastructure.

美国已经从空中轰炸了其防御设施，而特朗普总统也一直在谈论再次轰炸它。

The US has already bombed its defenses from the air, and president Trump has been talking about bombing it again.

正如你所知，我们袭击了哈尔克岛，几乎彻底摧毁了岛上的一切，除了石油设施所在的区域。

And as you know, we attacked Carg Island and knocked it knocked it literally destroyed everything on the island except for the area where the oil is.

我称之为管道。

I call it the pipes.

NPR五角大楼记者汤姆·鲍曼正在询问，占领并控制伊朗一部分领土意味着什么，以及需要付出什么代价。

NPR Pentagon correspondent Tom Bowman is asking what it would mean and what it would take to seize and hold a chunk of Iranian territory.

汤姆，早上好。

Tom, good morning.

嗨，史蒂夫。

Hey, Steve.

好的。

Okay.

那么，关于政府对哈尔格岛的兴趣，目前有哪些已知信息？

So what is known first about the government's interest in Kharg Island?

嗯，史蒂夫，首先你知道，特朗普早在上世纪八十年代推广他的书籍时就曾谈到过占领这座岛，军方，尤其是海军陆战队，几十年来也一直有这种想法。

Well, Steve, first of all, you know, Trump has talked about seizing the island back in the late nineteen eighties when he was plugging one of his books, and so has the military, especially the marines, for decades.

现在，你要么占领哈尔格岛，要么在陆地上夺取几个据点作为立足点，比如一个叫班达阿巴斯的地方。我听说，为了执行这项任务，还会有更多海军陆战队前往中东。

Now you either seize Kharg Island or several sites on the mainland for a foothold, including a place called Bandar Abbas, and I'm told you could see even more marines heading to the Middle East for that job as well.

还有，史蒂夫，我记得曾经和一位高级军官共进午餐。

And, Steve, I remember having lunch with a senior officer.

那是大约十年前，话题转到了伊朗和可能发生的战争。

It was like a decade ago when talk turned to Iran and a possible war.

是的。

Yeah.

这个人说，首先，我们会占领他们的一些岛屿。

And this guy was saying, well, first of all, we would take some of their islands.

他的助手们说：‘长官，我们正在进入机密领域。',

And his aides said, sir, we're heading into classified territory.

我们换个话题吧。

Let's talk about something else.

现在，我们有了来自冲绳的第31陆战队远征队。

So now we have this thirty first Marine Expeditionary Unit out of Okinawa.

正如你所说，2200名海军陆战队员正前往中东。

2,200 Marines as you said heading to the Middle East.

当然，现在没有人谈论这次任务的具体目标。

Now, of course, no one is talking about what the mission is.

可能是，你知道的，协助撤离大使馆、人道主义任务，或者登船检查。

It could be, you know, helping evacuate embassies, humanitarian mission, or boarding ships.

但同样，这也可能是几十年来他们一直讨论的内容——占领伊朗的一些领土，比如霍尔木兹海峡的哈尔格岛。

But, again, it could be what they've talked about for decades, seizing some Iranian territory, and that could be this Kharg Island.

你告诉我一件很有价值的事。

You're telling me a valuable thing.

看来海军陆战队早就备好了现成的计划。

It seems likely that the marines have plans off the shelf.

没错。

Absolutely.

多年来一直准备着，就等时机到来。

Had for years, ready for occasion.

当然，问题在于在这种情况下是否会付诸行动，而这一点我们并不清楚。

Of course, the question though is whether you execute in this situation, and that we do not know.

如果他们试图占领波斯湾的一个岛屿，会是什么样子？

What would it look like if they tried to take an island in the Persian Gulf?

嗯，我所接触过的退役高级军官表示，舰上的海军陆战队在美军驱逐舰的协助下，可以突破霍尔木兹海峡，将海军陆战队员及其装甲车辆送上岸。

Well, the retired senior officers I talked with say the marines aboard ship could punch through the Strait Of Hormuz with the help of American destroyers and land marines and their armored vehicles ashore.

他们有一个约800人的步兵营，能够夺取岛上的三个石油设施——两个在南部，一个在西部。

They have an infantry battalion of about 800 marines that could seize the three oil facilities on the island, two in the South and one in the West.

这支海军陆战队还配备了F-35战机、眼镜蛇攻击直升机、无人机以及反无人机技术，以应对各种威胁。

The marine unit also has f 35 aircraft as well as Cobra attack helicopters along with drones and also anti drone technology to help with any threats.

我只是在想，你们这么做的原因应该是为了控制伊朗的石油收入。

I'm just thinking though the reason you would do this would be to seize control of Iran's oil income.

他们仍然在出口石油。

They've still got oil flowing.

他们仍然有收入流入，而这一行动将彻底切断这笔收入。

They've still got money coming in, and this would stop that.

我猜想伊朗肯定会抵抗。

I would imagine Iran would resist.

是的。

Yeah.

伊朗当然会抵抗。

Iran would resist, of course.

特别是导弹和无人机，你知道的，我们已经看到美国对伊朗海岸的导弹阵地投下了数枚五千磅的炸弹。

And, you know, with the missiles and drones in particular, you know, and we've seen The US drop several 5,000 pound bombs on missile sites on the Iranian coast.

这可能是为海军陆战队夺取哈尔克岛做准备，也可能只是为了让美国护航舰船通过霍尔木兹海峡做准备。

Now that could be preparing the battlefield for these marines to seize Kharg Island, or it could be just getting ready for US escort ships through the Strait Of Hormuz.

但再说一遍，海军陆战队正在前往那里，史蒂夫，我们根本不知道他们会做什么。

But, again, the marines are heading there, Steve, and we just don't know what they'll be doing.

如果美国派遣地面部队，这如何符合特朗普总统不愿参与海外战争、一旦开战则力求速战速决的立场？

How would sending in ground troops, if The United States were to do so, fit with president Trump's preference for no foreign wars and when he does get into one, making it short?

完全不相符。

He would not fit in any way whatsoever.

你只要看看伊拉克和阿富汗就知道了。

All you have to do is look at Iraq and Afghanistan.

NPR的汤姆·鲍曼，非常感谢。

NPR's Tom Bowman, thanks so much.

不客气。

You're welcome.

今天是3月20日星期五，这是首个新闻。

And that's up first for this Friday, March 20.

我是史蒂夫·因斯科普。

I'm Steve Inskeep.

我是莱拉·法尔丁。

And I'm Layla Faldin.

在军队中，跨性别服役人员正被迫离开，除非他们隐藏自己的身份。

In the military, trans service members are being forced out unless they stay hidden.

在我的心里，我知道我并没有做错什么。

Like, in my head, I know I'm doing nothing wrong.

我感觉自己在隐藏什么，但我不应该被迫隐藏。

I feel like I'm hiding something, but I shouldn't have to hide it.

特朗普政府最新的跨性别禁令要求现役跨性别军人接受退役审查委员会的审议。

The Trump administration's latest transgender ban requires active duty trans service members to go before separation boards.

我们知道结果通常是预先决定的，政府实际上已经设定了将这些人清除出军队的机制。

We know that the outcome is generally predetermined and that the government has really set itself up to purge these people out of our ranks.

本周日，在《周日故事》节目中，我们将探讨五角大楼驱逐跨性别军人的举措及其对任务准备度的影响。

This weekend on the Sunday story, the Pentagon's push to remove trans troops and how it may affect mission readiness.

请在NPR的《Up First》播客中收听《周日故事》。

Listen to the Sunday story right here on NPR's Up First podcast.

今天的《Up First》由汉娜·布洛赫、丽贝卡·梅茨勒、安德鲁·苏斯曼、梅海静和艾莉丝·沃尔夫勒编辑。

Today's Up First was edited by Hannah Bloch, Rebekah Metzler, Andrew Sussman, HJ Mai, and Alice Woelfle.

本节目由齐亚德·布赫和阿瓦·普卡奇制作。

It was produced by Ziad Buchh and Ava Pukatch.

我们的制片人是克里斯托弗·托马斯。

Our director is Christopher Thomas.

我们得到斯塔西·阿博特的工程支持，技术总监是卡莉·斯特兰奇。

We get engineering support from Stacey Abbott, and our technical director is Carleigh Strange.

我们的执行制片人是杰·谢勒。

Our executive producer is Jay Shaylor.

周一再和我们在一起。

Join us again on Monday.

我是《美国生活》的伊拉·格拉斯。

This is Ira Glass of This American Life.

你了解我们的节目吗？

Do you know our show?

好吧。

Okay.

不管怎样，我

Well, either way, I'm

要给你讲讲这个。

gonna tell you about it.

我们制作的故事，开头通常会用幽默的片段、情感和人物在出人意料的情境中吸引你，然后你就只想知道接下来会发生什么，根本停不下来。

We make stories that hopefully pull you in at the beginning with funny moments and feelings and people in surprising situations, and then you just wanna find out what is gonna happen and cannot stop listening.

没错。

That's right.

我说的是那种会让你错过约会的故事。

I'm talking about stories that make you miss appointments.

这是《美国生活》，无论你在哪儿听播客。

This is American Life, wherever you get your podcasts.