Up First from NPR - 美国对委内瑞拉境内发动打击,伊朗举行抗议,流感病例激增 封面

美国对委内瑞拉境内发动打击,伊朗举行抗议,流感病例激增

U.S. Strikes Inside Venezuela, Iran Protests, Flu Cases Surge

本集简介

特朗普总统确认美国首次在委内瑞拉境内发动袭击,称目标是打击毒品贩运,而批评者警告此举可能引发升级。 伊朗当局关闭多个城市,安全部队进驻以遏制日益扩大的抗议活动,民众因通货膨胀和制裁而愤怒爆发。 流感在美国迅速蔓延,一种新毒株导致病例激增,而疫苗接种率却在下降,医院正为接下来的形势做准备。 想了解更多当天最重要新闻的深度分析,再加点趣味内容?订阅《Up First》简报。 本期《Up First》由雷贝卡·梅茨勒、詹姆斯·海德、丽贝卡·戴维斯、穆罕默德·埃尔巴迪西和爱丽丝·韦尔弗勒编辑。 制作人:齐亚德·布赫、妮亚·杜马斯和克里斯托弗·托马斯。 工程支持由斯塔西·阿博特提供,技术总监为卡莉·斯特兰奇。 监制:迈克尔·利普金。 (0:00)引言 (03:30)美国在委内瑞拉境内发动袭击 (07:25)伊朗抗议活动 (11:22)流感病例激增 了解更多广告赞助选择:podcastchoices.com/adchoices NPR隐私政策

双语字幕

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Speaker 0

早上好,新年快乐,

Good morning, and happy New Year's Eve,

Speaker 1

哦,对了。

Oh, that's right.

Speaker 1

一年中这个时候到了。

It's that time of year.

Speaker 1

你也是,米歇尔。

You too, Michelle.

Speaker 0

那么你会熬夜到午夜迎接2026年吗?

So are you gonna stay up until midnight to welcome '20 '26 in?

Speaker 1

我午夜要上班,所以在此之前都会睡觉。

I clock into work at midnight, so I will be asleep until then.

Speaker 0

哦,那看来得等到那时了。

Oh, it makes well, not until then.

Speaker 0

对吧?

Right?

Speaker 1

不。

No.

Speaker 1

我想直到那时吧。

I guess up until then.

Speaker 0

直到

Up until

Speaker 2

那时。

then.

Speaker 2

是的。

Yes.

Speaker 2

就是这样。

There you go.

Speaker 0

好的。

Okay.

Speaker 0

嗯。

Yeah.

Speaker 0

不。

No.

Speaker 0

我也不。

Me neither.

Speaker 0

我到底在想什么?

What was I thinking?

Speaker 0

不。

No.

Speaker 0

我也不。

Me neither.

Speaker 0

但今天是一年的最后一天,这也是NPR年终募捐活动的最后一天。

But it being the last day of the year, this is also the last day of NPR's end of year fundraising campaign.

Speaker 1

是的。

Yeah.

Speaker 1

没错。

That's right.

Speaker 1

现在还不晚,你可以以一个美好的方式结束这一年,投资于一项对你重要的公共服务。

And it's not too late to end the year on high note and invest in a public service that matters to you.

Speaker 0

公共广播即将进入首个没有联邦资金支持的完整年度。

Public Radio is about to enter its first full year without federal funding.

Speaker 0

所以我们现在比以往任何时候都更需要您的支持。

So we really do need your support now more than ever.

Speaker 1

是的。

Yeah.

Speaker 1

如果您已经是NPR Plus的支持者,或者已经完成了年终捐赠,非常感谢您。

And thank you so much if you're already an NPR Plus supporter or if you've already made a year end donation.

Speaker 0

许多听众都伸出援手,分享了他们支持公共广播的原因,比如南卡罗来纳州的Wren说,我年轻时当系主任,最初是被迫听NPR的。

So many listeners have stepped up and shared their stories of why they support public radio like Wren in South Carolina who says, I started listening to NPR against my will as a young dean.

Speaker 0

我爸爸每天早上会在厨房开着收音机,我上学路上也听。

My dad would have it on in the kitchen in the morning and for my ride to school.

Speaker 0

这听起来很熟悉。

That sounds familiar.

Speaker 0

现在作为成年人,在这个充满喧嚣的世界里,我依然保持着同样的习惯。

Now as an adult, I follow the same ritual in a world of shouting.

Speaker 0

NPR 是一种平静而稳定的声音。

NPR is a calm, steady voice.

Speaker 0

谢谢你们帮助我成长。

Thanks for helping to raise me.

Speaker 1

哦,雷恩,你听起来真是个了不起的人。

Oh, Ren, you sound like a wonderful human being.

Speaker 1

听起来我们把你培养得非常好。

It sounds like we did a great job raising you.

Speaker 1

我的意思是,难道不是吗?

I mean, doesn't it?

Speaker 0

是的。

Yeah.

Speaker 0

确实是。

It does.

Speaker 0

嗯。

Yeah.

Speaker 0

我觉得是的。

I think so.

Speaker 1

你们的支持意义重大,我们将继续努力,在2026年及未来成为那股平静的声音。

Your support means so much, and we'll keep on doing our best to be that calm voice moving forward in 2026.

Speaker 0

今天就可以通过注册NPR Plus,加入公共广播支持者的行列。

You can join the community of public radio supporters today by signing up for NPR Plus.

Speaker 1

是的。

Yes.

Speaker 1

注册后可以解锁诸多福利,比如NPR旗下播客的额外剧集和更多内容,同时在收听时支持公共媒体。

Signing up unlocks a bunch of perks such as bonus episodes and and a lot more from across NPR's podcast, and you can support public media while you listen.

Speaker 0

请前往 +.npr.org 加入我们。

Join us at +.npr.org.

Speaker 1

美国对委内瑞拉境内实施了其首次已知的打击行动。

The US carried out its first known strike inside Venezuela.

Speaker 3

在装载毒品船只的码头区域发生了一次大规模爆炸。

There was a major explosion in the dock area where they load the boats up with drugs.

Speaker 0

特朗普总统表示,此举向尼古拉斯·马杜罗传递了一个信号,但批评者警告这可能加剧冲突。

President Trump says it sends a message to Nicolas Maduro, but critics warn it could escalate the conflict.

Speaker 1

阿里·马丁内斯。

Ari Martinez.

Speaker 1

这是米歇尔·马丁,这是来自美国国家公共电台新闻的首次报道。

That's Michelle Martin, and this is a first from NPR News.

Speaker 1

在伊朗,针对经济问题的抗议活动正在蔓延。

In Iran, protests over the economy are spreading.

Speaker 1

随着对通货膨胀和制裁的愤怒爆发,安全部队正在强力镇压。

Security forces are cracking down as anger over inflation and sanctions boil over.

Speaker 1

这是一次短暂的抗议,还是更大规模运动的开端?

So is this a short lived protest or the start of something bigger?

Speaker 0

全美流感病例激增,已有数百万人患病,医院正为更多病例做准备。

And flu cases are surging across The US with millions already sick and hospitals bracing for more.

Speaker 0

一种新毒株正在快速传播,而接种疫苗的人越来越少,这使得这个流感季与众不同。

A new strain is spreading fast, and fewer people are getting vaccinated, which makes this flu season different.

Speaker 0

你该如何做好准备?

How can you prepare?

Speaker 0

请继续关注我们。

Stay with us.

Speaker 0

我们将为您提供开启一天所需的新闻。

We'll give you the news you need to start your day.

Speaker 4

本信息由Wise提供,Wise是一款专为全球使用资金的国际人士设计的应用程序。

This message comes from Wise, the app for international people using money around the globe.

Speaker 4

您只需轻点几下,即可发送、消费和接收多达40种货币。

You can send, spend, and receive in up to 40 currencies with only a few simple taps.

Speaker 4

聪明一点。

Be smart.

Speaker 4

下载Wise。

Get Wise.

Speaker 4

立即下载Wise应用或访问wise.com。

Download the Wise app today or visit wise.com.

Speaker 4

条款和条件适用。

Ts and cs apply.

Speaker 0

特朗普总统的批评者表示,美国对委内瑞拉一处设施的打击正使美国更深入卷入一场更危险的冲突。

President Trump's critics say the American strike on a facility in Venezuela is drawing The US even closer into a more dangerous conflict.

Speaker 1

特朗普本周透露了有关对委内瑞拉一个码头发动袭击的一些新细节,该码头据称是毒品装载上船的地点。

Trump gave a few new details this week of the attack against a dock in Venezuela where drugs are allegedly being loaded on boats.

Speaker 3

在毒品装载上船的码头区域发生了大规模爆炸。

There was a major explosion in the dock area where they load the boats up with drugs.

Speaker 3

他们把毒品装上船。

They load the boats up with drugs.

Speaker 3

所以我们先打击了船只,现在又打击了该区域。

So we hit all the boats and now we hit the area.

Speaker 3

这是实施区域。

It's the implementation area.

Speaker 3

那就是他们实施的地方。

That's where they implement.

Speaker 1

这是首次已知的在委内瑞拉境内开展的行动,标志着他对尼古拉斯·马杜罗政府的打压升级。

It's the first known operation inside Venezuela, an escalation of his campaign against the government of Nicolas Maduro.

Speaker 0

NPR白宫记者弗兰科·奥多内兹现在从棕榈滩为我们连线,总统特朗普正在那里度过冬季假期。

NPR White House correspondent Franco Ordonez is with us now from Palm Beach where president Trump is spending the winter holidays.

Speaker 0

早上好,弗兰科。

Good morning, Franco.

Speaker 5

早上好,米歇尔。

Good morning, Michelle.

Speaker 0

所以给我们讲讲整体情况吧。

So just give us the big picture here.

Speaker 0

这些最新袭击的意义何在?

What is the significance of these latest attacks?

Speaker 5

是的。

Yeah.

Speaker 5

我的意思是,总统已经警告了数周,称他已准备好发动陆地打击,并且他一周前在一次广播节目中首次提到了这次港口打击。

I mean, the president has been warning for weeks that he was prepared to launch land strikes, and he first mentioned this port strike a week ago on a radio show.

Speaker 5

尽管他并未明确说明打击是如何进行的,但一名美国官员向NPR的汤姆·鲍曼确认,中情局袭击了码头。

While he hasn't been clear about how the strikes were conducted, a US official confirmed to NPR's Tom Bowman that the CIA struck the dock.

Speaker 5

到目前为止,美国一直专注于打击其声称用于贩毒的船只和一些油轮,但这两项行动都发生在国际水域。

Now until now, The US has focused on strikes on boats it claims are trafficking drugs and some oil tankers, But both of those operations have been taking place in international waters.

Speaker 5

因此,对陆地发动打击是一件非常重大的事情。

So this is a really big deal to strike on land.

Speaker 5

这是一次升级,但也增加了误杀与这一切毫无关联的无辜委内瑞拉平民的风险。

It's an escalation, but also creates more risks of killing innocent Venezuelans who have nothing to do with any of that stuff.

Speaker 0

此外,随着这场行动不断升级,却缺乏国会的参与,更不用说监督,这引起了关注,尤其是国会议员们——这一点不难想象。

Also, the lack of congressional input, let alone oversight, as this campaign has escalated is something that has drawn attention, especially some members of congress as one might imagine.

Speaker 0

在发动此类打击之前,至少提前向国会通报,这难道不是惯例且恰当的做法吗?

Wouldn't it be considered sort of customary and appropriate to at least brief congress ahead of a strike like this?

Speaker 5

没错。

Right.

Speaker 5

我的意思是,通常情况下,当总统过去采取此类行动时,所谓的‘八人小组’会在行动前或行动后很快得到简报。

I mean, typically, when presidents have done this in the past, the so called gang of eight would be briefed either before or very soon after.

Speaker 5

这些人是两党在参议院和众议院的最高领导人。

Those are the top senators and house leaders for both parties.

Speaker 5

但这只是另一个例子,说明特朗普如何试图增强自己的权力,同时削弱国会的权力。

You know, it's just another example, though, of how Trump has sought to build his own power while diminishing congress's power.

Speaker 5

我与约翰·菲利先生交谈过,他曾担任巴拿马大使,他说国会似乎正在缓慢地朝着加强监督的方向迈进。

I was speaking with John Feeley, who's formally served as ambassador of Panama, and he says congress seems to be very slowly inching towards more oversight.

Speaker 6

真正让我惊讶的一点是,国会已经两次试图通过一项战争权力决议。

One of the things that really surprises me is how the congress has sort of had two attempts to get a war powers resolution.

Speaker 6

虽然都以微弱差距失败了,但他们一次次重新提出这项决议。

They've narrowly failed, but they keep coming back to it.

Speaker 6

这简直就像先有鸡还是先有蛋的问题。

And it's almost sort of like a chicken and an egg.

Speaker 5

现在他注意到国会议员中的不满情绪正在增长,他还提到了国会就最近在委内瑞拉海岸国际水域发生的‘二次打击’船只事件举行的听证会,那次事件导致第一次打击的幸存者丧生。

Now he sees growing frustration among members of congress, and he points to the congressional hearings about the recent double tap boat strikes in international waters off the coast of Venezuela that killed survivors of one initial strike.

Speaker 0

你知道吗,让我印象深刻的一点是,如果总统上周没有提到这次袭击,我们可能根本不会听说这件事。

You know, one of the things that stands out for me is that if the president did not mention the strike last week, we might not have heard of this.

Speaker 0

我之所以指出这一点,是因为这与那些公开展示的船只袭击事件大不相同——当时政府发布了视频,虽然不像国会某些成员和公众所期望的那么多,但他们确实刻意发布了相关视频。

And the reason I point that out is that it's so much different than these public displays of the boat strikes where the administration issued, you know, video, not as much as some members of congress and certainly members of the public want, but they did make a point of issuing video about it.

Speaker 0

那你对此怎么看?

So what do you make of that?

Speaker 5

是的。

Yeah.

Speaker 5

我的意思是,他们的惯例确实是尽可能在袭击事件上争取功劳。

I mean, the MO really has been to seek as much credit on the strikes.

Speaker 5

费利大使还告诉我,特朗普试图向马杜罗传递一个信息:美国随时何地都能找到他。

Ambassador Feeley also told me that Trump is trying to send a message to Maduro that The US can get to him anywhere and anytime.

Speaker 6

他们希望为这些行动争取尽可能多的公众赞誉。

They want to get as much public credit for them.

Speaker 6

他们想制造势头,以促使政权崩溃。

They want to build momentum to provoke regime collapse.

Speaker 6

他们希望尼古拉斯·马杜罗每晚都睡不好觉。

They want Nicolas Maduro to sleep poorly at night.

Speaker 0

那么,弗朗哥,你接下来会关注什么?

So what are you watching for next, Franco?

Speaker 5

你知道,这很难说。

You know, that's hard to say.

Speaker 5

特朗普说他最近刚和马杜罗谈过,但他似乎觉得这并没有太大影响。

Trump said he spoke to Maduro fairly recently, but that he didn't seem to think it had much of an impact.

Speaker 5

你知道,我肯定会关注进一步的升级,比如另一次陆地打击;但同时,国会很快就要复会了,所以我们也会看看他们对这些最新行动和最新升级有何疑问或担忧。

You know, surely, I'll be watching for further escalation, perhaps another land strike, But, also, congress is coming back soon, so we'll see if they have any questions or concerns about these latest moves and the latest escalation.

Speaker 0

这是NPR白宫特派记者弗朗哥·阿多内兹。

That is NPR White House correspondent Franco Ardonez.

Speaker 0

弗朗哥,谢谢你。

Franco, thank you.

Speaker 5

谢谢你,米歇尔。

Thank you, Michelle.

Speaker 0

伊朗正经历数年来规模最大的抗议活动。

Iran is seeing its biggest protest in years.

Speaker 0

成千上万的人涌上全国多个城市的街头,抗议经济状况。

Thousands of people have taken to the streets in several cities across the country to protest the economy.

Speaker 1

伊朗的通货膨胀率飙升,本国货币跌至历史最低点。

Inflation in Iran has skyrocketed, and the country's currency has plummeted to a record low.

Speaker 1

人们对针对该国执政政府的制裁日益愤怒。

Anger is growing over sanctions on the country's ruling government.

Speaker 1

许多学生加入示威,导致企业纷纷关门。

Businesses have closed as many students have joined the demonstrations.

Speaker 0

NPR国际事务记者杰基·诺瑟姆一直在跟进这些事态发展,她现在与我们连线,为我们详细介绍情况。

NPR's international affairs correspondent Jackie Northam has been following these developments, and she's with us now to tell us more about it.

Speaker 0

早上好,杰基。

Good morning, Jackie.

Speaker 7

早上好,米歇尔。

Good morning, Michelle.

Speaker 0

首先,您能否描述一下这些抗议活动以及是什么引发了它们?

So first, could you just describe these protests and what prompted them?

Speaker 7

嗯,这一轮抗议的起因正如您所说,是经济状况非常糟糕。

Well, what started this round of protest was, as you say, the economy, which is in very bad shape.

Speaker 7

你知道,伊朗在制裁下已经挣扎了十多年。

You know, Iran has struggled under sanctions for more than a decade.

Speaker 7

由于这一点,作为国家经济命脉的石油出口大幅减少,投资也是如此。

And because of that, its oil exports, which are the lifeblood of the country's economy, are sharply curtailed, and so too is, investment.

Speaker 7

当地货币里亚尔急剧贬值。

The local currency, the real, has plummeted.

Speaker 7

通货膨胀率超过40%,政府最近公布了一份预算草案,预测薪资中产阶级的实际收入将下降约一半。

Inflation is running over 40%, and the government recently published a draft of the budget which predicted that the real incomes of the salaried middle class will fall by about half.

Speaker 7

因此,加上其他所有因素,这似乎点燃了这些抗议活动。

So on top of everything else, that seemed to ignite these protests.

Speaker 0

政权到目前为止是如何应对这些抗议的?

How is the regime reacting to these protests so far?

Speaker 7

我们开始看到安全部队进行镇压。

We're starting to see the security forces crack down.

Speaker 7

你知道,社交媒体上有视频显示他们向人群发射催泪瓦斯。

You know, there are videos on social media showing them firing tear gas into the crowds.

Speaker 7

此外,当局今天宣布,在超过20个省份关闭政府办公室、银行、学校和大学,并称原因是寒冷天气。

Also, the authorities today announced a shutdown of government offices, banks, schools, universities across more than 20 provinces, and they said it was due to cold weather.

Speaker 7

他们并没有提及抗议活动。

They didn't mention, the protests.

Speaker 7

该国温和派总统马苏德·佩什基安敦促政权倾听他所说的抗议者合法诉求。

The country's moderate president, Masoud Peshkian, is urging the regime to listen to what he called the legitimate demands of the protesters.

Speaker 7

至于经济,央行行长已辞职,央行开始向市场投放美元以支撑里亚尔,这起到了一定作用。

As far as the economy, the head of the central bank resigned, and the bank started throwing US dollars into the market to help prop up the real, which helped a bit.

Speaker 7

但你知道,他们并没有无限的资源来做这件事。

But, you know, it doesn't have unlimited resources to do that.

Speaker 7

我采访了贾瓦德·萨勒希·伊斯法哈尼,他是弗吉尼亚理工学院专门研究伊朗经济的经济学教授。

I spoke with Javad Salehi Isfahani, and he's an economics professor at Virginia Tech specializing in the Iranian economy.

Speaker 7

他说,今年夏天与以色列持续十二天的战争代价高昂,现在普遍认为以色列将发动另一场战争,这抑制了投资。

And he said another thing is that the twelve day war with Israel this past summer was expensive, and there is a widespread belief now that Israel will start another war, which is smothering investment.

Speaker 8

这给本已因制裁和政府政策而极度不确定的经济增添了不确定性。

That introduces a kind of uncertainty into an economy that's already very uncertain because of sanctions, because of government policies.

Speaker 8

因此,现在一场完美的风暴正在席卷伊朗经济。

So you have a kind of a perfect storm now reaching over Iran's economy.

Speaker 7

米歇尔,当特朗普总统周一表示,如果伊朗似乎正在加强其核武器和弹道导弹计划,美国将支持以色列的攻击时,另一场战争的威胁变得更加严重。

And, Michelle, the threat of another war grew larger when president Trump said on Monday that The US would back an Israeli attack if Iran appeared to be building up its nuclear weapons and ballistic missile programs.

Speaker 0

杰基,考虑到伊朗目前的情况,人们是否觉得这可能威胁到政权?

And, Jackie, given what's going on in Iran right now, is there a sense that this could threaten the regime?

Speaker 7

米歇尔,抗议活动尚未达到那个地步。

The protests haven't reached that point yet, Michelle.

Speaker 7

你知道,2022年,一名伊朗女性因未佩戴头巾被捕后在警察拘留期间死亡,引发了大规模起义,当时曾对政权构成严重挑战。

You know, there was a serious challenge to the regime in 2022 during an uprising after an Iranian woman died in police custody after being arrested for not wearing a headscarf.

Speaker 7

你知道,那些抗议活动持续了一个多月,超过500人丧生。

And, you know, those protests lasted for over a month, and more than 500 people were killed.

Speaker 7

两万人被逮捕。

20,000 people were arrested.

Speaker 7

你知道,我们离那种情况还很远。

You know, we are a long way from that.

Speaker 7

但几个月来,伊朗民众因严重的水资源和能源短缺、公民权利侵害以及普遍腐败而感到愤怒和沮丧。

But there's been anger and frustration for months in Iran over severe water and energy shortages, civil rights abuses, and widespread corruption.

Speaker 7

把这些因素叠加到关于经济的抗议之上。

You add all this onto the protests about the economy.

Speaker 7

你知道,人们严重担心这可能会演变成更大规模的事件。

And, you know, there are serious concerns that this could spiral into something much larger.

Speaker 0

在我们结束之前,特朗普总统周一表示,如果伊朗似乎正在加强其核武器和弹道导弹项目,美国将支持以色列的攻击。

Before we let you go, president Trump said on Monday that The US would back an Israeli attack if Iran appeared to be building up its nuclear weapons and ballistic missiles programs.

Speaker 0

伊朗对此有何反应?

How has Iran reacted to that?

Speaker 7

嗯,他们表示会严厉镇压。

Well, they said they would, come down hard.

Speaker 7

他们表示,对于美国对伊朗采取的任何行动,他们都将予以同等报复。

They said that they would, retaliate in kind to anything that The US can throw at Iran.

Speaker 7

归根结底,人们希望双方能展开谈判,但目前双方都还没有能力启动谈判。

You know, at the end of the day, the hope is is that there can be some negotiations, but neither side are in the position to start those.

Speaker 0

这是NPR国际事务记者杰姬·诺瑟姆。

That is NPR International Affairs correspondent Jackie Northam.

Speaker 0

杰姬,谢谢你。

Jackie, thank you.

Speaker 7

谢谢。

Thank you.

Speaker 0

今年的流感季似乎会特别严重。

This year's flu season is shaping up to be a particularly bad one.

Speaker 1

是的。

Yeah.

Speaker 1

美国疾病控制与预防中心发布了关于流感在全国传播的最新数据,情况并不乐观。

Centers for Disease Control and Prevention have released the latest numbers on how influenza is spreading across the country, and, well, it's, not a pretty picture.

Speaker 0

NPR的加布里埃拉·埃马努埃尔现在与我们连线,为我们详细介绍这一情况。

NPR's Gabriela Emanuele is with us now to tell us more about this.

Speaker 0

加布里埃拉,非常感谢你加入我们。

Gabriela, thank you so much for joining us.

Speaker 9

你好。

Hi.

Speaker 0

情况有多严重?

How bad is it?

Speaker 9

如果你看一下疾控中心的地图,全国大部分地区都显示为流感活动最高级别,尤其是东海岸、中西部和南部地区。

Well, if you look at the CDC map, a lot of the country is showing up the highest level of flu activity, particularly the Eastern Seaboard, the Midwest, the South.

Speaker 9

疾控中心估计,本季迄今已有750万例病例,而就在前一周,这一数字约为400万。

The CDC estimates there have been seven point five million cases so far this season, up from some four million just the week before.

Speaker 9

请记住,流感可能是致命的。

And remember, the flu can be deadly.

Speaker 9

本季至今已报告超过3000例死亡病例。

There have already been more than three thousand deaths this season.

Speaker 9

丽莎·格罗斯科普夫是疾控中心的医疗官员。

Lisa Grosskopf is a medical officer at the CDC.

Speaker 9

我们预计尚未达到高峰,未来几周病例数可能还会增加。

We anticipate that we are not at the peak and that we're probably gonna see increases in the coming weeks.

Speaker 9

专家表示,这种病毒正在传播,预计全国很快都将出现高病例数。

Experts say the virus is moving, and they expect the entire country to see high case counts soon.

Speaker 0

那么,是什么推动了这次疫情激增?

So what's driving this surge?

Speaker 9

其中一个主要因素是一种名为亚分支K的新毒株。

Well, one big factor is a new strain called subclade k.

Speaker 9

它已在从澳大利亚到日本再到英国的地区引发了大量病例。

It's caused huge number of cases from Australia to Japan to The UK.

Speaker 9

以下是来自纽约西奈山伊坎医学院的弗洛里安·克拉默。

Here is Florian Kramer of the Eichen School of Medicine at Mount Sinai in New York.

Speaker 4

由于病毒发生了变异,人们对它的免疫力降低,这使得病毒能够迅速且广泛地传播。

Because it changed, there's less immunity to it, and that's allowing the virus to spread very quickly and extensively.

Speaker 9

好消息是,这种病毒似乎并不更严重或更危险,我们的治疗方法仍然有效。

The good news is it doesn't seem to be more severe or dangerous, and our treatments still work against it.

Speaker 9

但病毒的基因变化意味着今年的流感疫苗存在一定的不匹配。

But the genetic changes in the virus mean the flu vaccine this year is a bit of a mismatch.

Speaker 9

这是因为这种疫苗在该毒株出现之前就已经被制备好了。

That's because the vaccine had already been formulated before this strain emerged.

Speaker 9

然而,英国的早期数据显示,该疫苗仍能有效防止人们病情严重到需要住院的程度。

However, early data from The UK suggests that the vaccine is still quite effective at keeping people from getting so sick they end up in the hospital.

Speaker 0

好的。

Okay.

Speaker 0

所以它不能阻止你得流感,但能防止你病得太重。

So it doesn't keep you from getting the flu, but it does keep you from getting so sick.

Speaker 0

对。

Right.

Speaker 0

好的。

Okay.

Speaker 0

所以今年,疾控中心经历了大量动荡。

So this year, there's been a lot of upheaval at the CDC.

Speaker 0

我想很多人都还记得这一点。

I think a lot of people may remember that.

Speaker 0

他们的流感数据仍然被认为是准确的吗?

Is their flu data still considered accurate?

Speaker 9

是的。

Yes.

Speaker 9

无论是机构内外的人都告诉我,数据的质量看起来不错。

Both people outside and inside the agency have told me that the quality of the data looks good.

Speaker 9

但有些人对联邦政府缺乏强有力的流感疫苗推广活动表示担忧。

But some have raised concerns about the lack of a strong flu vaccination campaign from the federal government.

Speaker 9

以下是约翰斯·霍普金斯大学的安德鲁·佩科什。

Here's Andrew Pekosh of Johns Hopkins University.

Speaker 2

所以,我认为,像疾控中心这样的机构如果没有大力推动流感疫苗接种,可能会导致我们看到的接种率下降。

So, I think a lack of a real push for influenza vaccines through agencies like the CDC could be contributing to some of the reduced vaccination rates that we're seeing.

Speaker 9

成人流感疫苗接种率刚刚超过百分之四十。

Adult flu vaccination rates are just above forty percent.

Speaker 9

这一数字多年来一直呈下降趋势。

That number's been trending down for several years.

Speaker 9

CDC的粗心发言人告诉我,接种疫苗是你能做的最重要的事情之一。

The CDC's gross cough told me getting vaccinated was one of the most important things you can do.

Speaker 9

但我应该补充一下,我后来收到了另一位CDC发言人的跟进邮件,称接种疫苗是个人选择,人们应与医疗保健提供者讨论其风险和益处。

But I should add, I got a follow-up email from a different CDC spokesperson saying vaccines are a personal choice and that people should speak to their health care providers about the risks and benefits.

Speaker 0

那么,除了疫苗之外,人们还能做些什么呢?

So in addition to vaccines, what else can people do?

Speaker 9

所有基本的预防措施,如勤洗手和戴口罩,都是有效的,而且别忘了还有抗病毒治疗,如果在症状出现后的前两天内使用,效果最佳。

All the basic precautions like handwashing and masking do work, and it's good to remember there are antiviral treatments, and they work best if you get them early within the first two days of symptoms.

Speaker 9

因此,在家进行流感快速检测是个好主意,了解如何联系医疗提供者以备不时之需也同样重要。

So getting one of those at home rapid tests for flu can be a good idea, and knowing how to contact a provider just in case you need a prescription is also a good idea.

Speaker 0

这是NPR的加布里埃拉·埃马努埃尔。

That is NPR's Gabriela Emanuele.

Speaker 0

加布里埃拉,非常感谢你。

Gabriela, thank you so much.

Speaker 9

谢谢。

Thank you.

Speaker 0

这是12月31日星期三的首个新闻。

And that's up first for Wednesday, December 31.

Speaker 0

新年快乐。

Happy New Year's Eve.

Speaker 0

我是米歇尔·马丁。

I'm Michelle Martin.

Speaker 1

我是A·马丁内斯。

And I'm A Martinez.

Speaker 1

感谢您今年选择与我们共度早晨,也感谢您信任我们,为您提供开启一天所需的新闻。

Thank you for starting your mornings with us this year and also for trusting us to give you the news you need to start your day.

Speaker 1

如果您想获取更多报道和对话,随时可以通过NPR应用程序收听我们的广播节目《晨间新闻》以及更多NPR内容。

Now if you're looking for more reporting and more conversations, you can always find our radio show Morning Edition and a lot more NPR content on the NPR app.

Speaker 1

听众的支持让这一切成为可能。

Listener support is what makes all of this possible.

Speaker 1

因此,请今天就加入公共广播支持者社区,注册NPR Plus吧。

So please consider joining the community of public radio supporters today by signing up for NPR Plus.

Speaker 0

今天《Up First》这期节目由丽贝卡·梅茨勒、詹姆斯·海德、丽贝卡·戴维斯、穆罕默德·埃尔·巴尔迪西和爱丽丝·沃尔夫利编辑。

Today's episode of Up First was edited by Rebecca Metzler, James Haider, Rebecca Davis, Mohammed El Bardisi, and Alice Wolffley.

Speaker 0

节目由齐亚德·布奇、尼亚·杜马斯和克里斯托弗·托马斯制作。

It was produced by Ziyad Butch, Nia Dumas, and Christopher Thomas.

Speaker 0

我们得到斯塔西·阿博特的工程支持,我们的技术总监是卡莉·斯特兰奇。

We get engineering support from Stacy Abbott, and our technical director is Carly Strange.

Speaker 0

我们的监制是迈克尔·利普金。

Our supervising producer is Michael Lipkin.

Speaker 0

明年再见,也就是明天。

Join us again next year, which is tomorrow.

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